For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
With Comparatives for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Net sales. Net sales increased 16 percent to $2,044 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,762 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in net sales was primarily driven by strong price mix, including the pass-through of higher corn and input costs.
Cost of sales. Cost of sales increased by 19 percent to $1,654 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to cost of sales of $1,395 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in cost of sales primarily reflected higher net corn costs. Our gross profit margin of 19 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2022, decreased from 21 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease in gross margin was primarily driven by higher corn and input costs.
Operating expenses. Operating expenses increased 7 percent to $179 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $167 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to higher inflationary costs. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales was 9 percent for both the three months ended June 30, 2022, and the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Other operating (income). Other operating (income) decreased to $(4) million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $(26) million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, we recorded $(15) million of Other operating (income) related to Brazil indirect tax credits and an $(8) million net gain as part of the formation of the Amyris joint venture.
Restructuring and impairment charges. Restructuring and impairment charges were $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. These charges decreased due to the wind-down of our Cost Smart restructuring program.
Financing costs. Financing costs decreased 11 percent to $17 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $19 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to higher foreign exchange losses in the prior year compared to foreign exchange losses in the current year.
Provision for income taxes. Our effective income tax rates for the three months ended June 30, 2022 increased to 26.0 percent from 11.7 percent during the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily driven by a discrete tax benefit of $30 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021, due to the reversal of an accrual for withholding tax on the unremitted earnings of a foreign subsidiary.
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests. Net income attributable to non-controlling interests were $3 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2022, and the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Net income attributable to Ingredion. Net income attributable to Ingredion for the three months ended June 30, 2022, was $142 million compared to a net income of $178 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, we recorded several non-recurring items including: the $30 million discrete tax benefit, $15 million of income related to Brazil indirect tax credits and the $8 million net gain from the formation of the Amyris joint venture. Excluding these items, net income increased due to strong price mix, offset in part by higher corn and input costs.
Segment Results
North America
Net sales. North America’s net sales increased 20 percent to $1,284 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $1,068 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by a 19 percent improvement in price mix and a 1 percent increase in volume.
Operating income. North America’s operating income was $161 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $149 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase was primarily due to favorable price mix and higher volumes that more than offset higher corn and input costs.