Splunk (SPLK) 10-Q2021 Q2 Quarterly report

 

 

 

 

 

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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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(Address of principal executive offices)

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(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

(1) Description of the Business and Significant Accounting Policies

Business

Splunk Inc. (“we,” “us,” “our”) provides innovative software solutions that ingest data from different sources including systems, devices and interactions, and turn that data into meaningful business insights across the organization. Our Data-to-Everything platform enables users to investigate, monitor, analyze and act on data regardless of format or source. Data is produced by nearly every software application and electronic device across an organization and contains a real-time record of various activities, such as business transactions, customer and user behavior, and security threats. Our Data-to-Everything platform helps organizations gain the value contained in data by delivering real-time information to enable operational decision making. We were incorporated in California in October 2003 and reincorporated in Delaware in May 2006.

Fiscal Year

Our fiscal year ends on January 31. References to fiscal 2021, for example, refer to the fiscal year ending January 31, 2021.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The condensed consolidated balance sheet data as of January 31, 2020 was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. Therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2020.

 

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to state fairly the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full fiscal 2021.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances in order to conform to the current period presentation. “Cloud services” revenues have been reclassified from “Maintenance and services” revenues on our condensed consolidated statements of operations and “Non-cash operating lease costs” have been reclassified from “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows. These reclassifications had no impact on our previously reported total revenues and net cash flows from operating, investing, or financing activities.

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods covered by the financial statements and accompanying notes. In particular, we make estimates with respect to the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation included in customer contracts with multiple performance obligations, uncollectible accounts receivable, the assessment of the useful life and recoverability of long-lived assets (property and equipment, goodwill and identified intangibles), the period of benefit for deferred commissions, stock-based compensation expense, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for business combinations, income taxes, the discount rate used for operating leases, and contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

COVID-19

 

The worldwide spread of COVID-19 has created significant global economic uncertainty and resulted in a global slowdown of economic activity which has decreased demand for a broad variety of goods and services, while also disrupting sales channels, marketing activities and general business operations for an unknown period of time until the disease is contained. At this point, the extent to which COVID-19 may impact our future financial condition or results of operations is uncertain, and as of the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements, we are not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require us to update our estimates, judgments or adjust the carrying value of our assets or liabilities. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained, and will be recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements as soon as they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates and any such differences may be material to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Segments

We operate our business as 1 operating segment: the development and marketing of software solutions that enable our customers to gain real-time business insights by harnessing the value of their data. Our chief operating decision maker is our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources.

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Splunk Inc. and its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is their respective local currency, with the exception of our United Kingdom and Singapore subsidiaries, for which the functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Translation adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” within the condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in “Other income (expense), net.” All assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period. Equity transactions are translated using historical exchange rates.

Revenue Recognition

We generate revenues primarily in the form of software license and related maintenance fees, cloud services and other service fees. Licenses for on-premises software are either term or perpetual licenses and provide the customer with a right to use the software. When a term license is purchased, maintenance is bundled with the license for the term of the license period. Typically, when purchasing a perpetual license, a customer also purchases one year of maintenance for which we charge a percentage of the license fee. Cloud services are provided on a subscription basis and give our customers access to our cloud solutions, which include related customer support. Other services include training and professional services that are not integral to the functionality of the licenses or cloud services.

Our contracts with customers often contain multiple performance obligations, which may include a combination of on-premise software licenses, related maintenance and support services, cloud services and professional services including training. We apply significant judgment in identifying and accounting for each performance obligation, as a result of evaluating the terms and conditions in contracts. For these contracts, we account for on-premise licenses, maintenance and support, cloud services and other services as separate performance obligations as they are each distinct. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligations are satisfied. We satisfy our obligation and recognize revenue for on-premise licenses upon transfer of control of the software, which occurs at delivery of the license key to customers, or when the license term commences, if later. We satisfy our cloud service performance obligation over the associated contract term and recognize the associated revenue ratably over the term of the contract once access is provided to the customer, consistent with the pattern of benefit to the customer of such services. We satisfy our maintenance and support performance obligations and recognize revenue ratably over the maintenance and support term, consistent with the pattern of benefit to the customer of such services. Professional services and training are either provided on a time and material basis or over a contract term. We satisfy our professional services and training performance obligations and recognize the associated revenue as services are delivered. With respect to contracts that

include customer acceptance provisions, we recognize revenue upon customer acceptance. Our policy is to record revenues net of any applicable sales, use or excise taxes.

Customers can purchase our products under different pricing options. Regardless of the pricing option selected, the consideration for our license and cloud contracts is fixed and does not result in variable consideration. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis. We determine the SSP based on an observable standalone selling price when it is available, as well as other factors, including the price charged to customers, our discounting practices, and our overall pricing objectives, while maximizing observable inputs. In situations where pricing is highly variable, we estimate the SSP using the residual approach.

A receivable is recorded when we have an unconditional right to payment, either because we satisfied a performance obligation prior to receiving payment from the customer or we have a non-cancelable contract that has been invoiced in advance in accordance with our standard payment terms. Most of our multi-year on-premises term license and cloud services contracts are invoiced annually. A receivable for multi-year cloud services is generally recorded upon invoicing. A receivable for multi-year on-premises term licenses is recorded upon delivery, whether or not invoiced, to the extent we have an unconditional right to receive payment in the future related to those licenses. The non-current portion of these receivables, primarily consisting of unbilled receivables from on-premises term licenses, is included in “Accounts receivable, non-current” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although our standard payment terms generally require payment within 30 to 60 days. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of payment, we have determined our contracts do not generally include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of our invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing our products and services, not to receive financing from our customers or to provide customers with financing.

Deferred revenue is recorded when we invoice a contract or deliver a license prior to recognizing revenue. It is comprised of balances related to maintenance, cloud services, training and professional services invoiced at the beginning of each service period, as well as licenses that we delivered prior to the license term commencing.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

(2) Investments and Fair Value Measurements

 

The carrying amounts of certain of our financial instruments including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities.

 

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels that are directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to the valuation of these assets or liabilities are as follows:

 

Level 1—Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability.

The following table sets forth the fair value of our financial assets that were measured on a recurring basis:

 

Our investments in money market funds are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These money market funds are actively traded and reported daily through a variety of sources. The fair value of the money market fund investments is classified as Level 1.

We invest in U.S. treasury securities, corporate bonds and commercial paper, which we have classified as available-for-sale investments. The following table presents our available-for-sale investments as of July 31, 2020:

 

The following table presents our available-for-sale investments as of January 31, 2020:

 

The following table presents the fair values and unrealized losses of our available-for-sale investments classified by length of time that the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:

 

As of July 31, 2020, we did not have any available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position.

The contractual maturities of our investments are as follows:

 

Investments with maturities of less than 12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as current assets, which are available for use to fund current operations. Investments with maturities greater than 12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as long-term assets.

Convertible Senior Notes

Refer to Note 7 “Convertible Senior Notes” for details regarding the fair value of our convertible senior notes.

Equity Investments

Our equity investments are included in “Investments, non-current” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table provides a summary of our equity investments:

 

As of July 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, we did not consider any of our investments to be impaired.

(3) Commitments and Contingencies

 

Legal Proceedings

 

We are subject to certain routine legal and regulatory proceedings, as well as demands and claims that arise in the normal course of our business. We make a provision for a liability relating to legal matters when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed at least quarterly and adjusted to reflect the impact of negotiations, estimated settlements, legal rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter. In our opinion, resolution of any pending claims (either individually or in the aggregate) is not expected to have a material adverse impact on our condensed consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position, nor is it possible to provide an estimated amount of any such loss. However, depending on the nature and timing of any such dispute, an unfavorable resolution of a matter could materially affect our future financial position, results of operations or cash flows, or all, in a particular period.

Indemnification Arrangements

 

During the ordinary course of business, we may indemnify, hold harmless and agree to reimburse for losses suffered or incurred, our customers, vendors, and each of their affiliates for certain intellectual property infringement and other claims by third parties with respect to our offerings, in connection with our commercial license arrangements or related to general business dealings with those parties.

As permitted under Delaware law, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers, directors and certain employees, indemnifying them for certain events or occurrences while they serve as our officers or directors or those of our direct and indirect subsidiaries.

 

To date, there have not been any costs incurred in connection with such indemnification obligations; therefore, there is no accrual of such amounts as of July 31, 2020. We are unable to estimate the maximum potential impact of these indemnifications on our future results of operations.

(4) Leases

 

We have operating leases for office space, used for our business operations and sales support, and data centers, used primarily for product development.

Operating lease costs were $20.6 million and $38.4 million, excluding variable lease costs of $4.7 million and $7.3 million for the three and six months ended July 31, 2020, respectively. Operating lease costs also exclude short-term leases and sublease income which were immaterial for the three and six months ended July 31, 2020. Operating lease costs were $11.1 million and $22.4 million, excluding short-term leases, variable lease costs and sublease income, which were immaterial, for the three and six months ended July 31, 2019, respectively.

Our lease term and the discount rate related to our operating lease right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities were as follows:

 

As of July 31, 2020, the maturity of lease liabilities under our non-cancelable operating leases were as follows:

 

As of July 31, 2020, we have entered into a lease, primarily for office space that has not yet commenced, with future lease payments of $8.3 million that are not reflected in the above. This lease will commence in fiscal 2022 with a non-cancelable lease term of 11 years.

Supplemental Disclosures

 

(5) Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. These assets are depreciated and amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Property and equipment consisted of the following:

 

Depreciation and amortization expense of Property and equipment, net was $7.7 million and $6.6 million for the three months ended July 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $13.5 million and $12.9 million for the six months ended July 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Geographic Information

 

The following table presents our long-lived assets, which consist of property and equipment, net of depreciation and amortization, and operating lease right-of-use assets by geographic region:

 

Other than the United States, no country represented 10% or more of our total long-lived assets as of July 31, 2020 or January 31, 2020.

(6) Acquisitions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Fiscal 2020 Acquisitions

On October 1, 2019, we acquired 100% of the voting equity interest of SignalFx, Inc. (“SignalFx”), a privately-held Delaware corporation that develops real-time monitoring solutions for cloud infrastructure, microservices and applications. This acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The total fair value of consideration transferred for this acquisition was $961.4 million, which consisted of $619.1 million in cash, $324.5 million for the fair value of 2,771,482 shares of our common stock issued and $17.8 million in fair value of replacement equity awards attributable to pre-acquisition service. The purchase price was allocated as follows: $173.7 million to identified intangible assets, $62.1 million to net assets acquired and $3.3 million to net deferred tax liabilities, with the excess $728.9 million of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired recorded as goodwill, allocated to our one operating segment. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the value expected from the synergies of the combination, including combined selling opportunities with our products. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The results of operations of SignalFx have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements from the date of purchase.

Per the terms of the merger agreement with SignalFx, certain unvested stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards held by SignalFx employees were canceled and exchanged for replacement equity awards under our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan. Additionally, certain shares of stock issued pursuant to share-based compensation awards held by key employees of SignalFx were canceled and exchanged for replacement equity awards consisting of unregistered restricted shares of our common stock subject to vesting. The portion of the fair value of the replacement equity awards associated with pre-acquisition service of SignalFx’s employees represented a component of the total purchase consideration, as discussed above. The remaining fair value of $104.7 million of these issued awards, which are subject to the recipients’ continued service with us and thus excluded from the purchase price, will be recognized ratably as stock-based compensation expense over the required service period. We are still finalizing the allocation of the purchase price, which may be subject to change as additional information becomes available to us.

The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition:

 

We applied significant judgment in determining the fair value of the intangible assets acquired, which involved the use of significant estimates and assumptions with respect to revenue growth rates, royalty rate and technology migration curve.

 

On September 13, 2019, we acquired 100% of the voting equity interest of Cloud Native Labs, Inc. (“Omnition”), a privately-held Delaware corporation that develops a platform for distributed tracing and application monitoring. This acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The total fair value of consideration transferred for this acquisition was $52.5 million, which consisted of $31.6 million in cash, $20.2 million for the fair value of 176,989 shares of our common stock issued and $0.7 million in fair value of replacement equity awards attributable to pre-acquisition service. The purchase price was allocated to $8.0 million of identified intangible assets, with the excess $44.5 million of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired recorded as goodwill, allocated to our one operating segment. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the value expected from the synergies of the combination, including combined selling opportunities with our products. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The results of operations of Omnition which are not material, have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements from the date of purchase.

Per the terms of the merger agreement with Omnition, certain unvested stock options held by Omnition employees were canceled and exchanged for replacement stock options under our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan. Additionally, certain shares of stock issued pursuant to share-based compensation awards held by key employees of Omnition were canceled and exchanged for replacement equity awards subject to vesting. The portion of the fair value of the replacement equity awards associated with pre-acquisition service of Omnition’s employees represented a component of the total purchase consideration, as discussed above. The remaining fair value of $36.6 million of these issued awards, which are subject to the recipients’ continued service with us and thus excluded from the purchase price, will be recognized ratably as stock-based compensation expense over the required service period. We are still finalizing the allocation of the purchase price, which may be subject to change as additional information becomes available to us.

The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition:

 

 

On November 1, 2019, we acquired 100% of the voting equity interest of Streamlio, Inc. (“Streamlio”), a privately-held Delaware corporation that specializes in designing and operating streaming data solutions. This acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination. The total fair value of consideration transferred for this acquisition was $19.8 million, which consisted of $18.7 million in cash and $1.1 million in fair value of replacement equity awards attributable to pre-acquisition service. The purchase price was allocated as follows: $3.6 million to identified intangible assets and $0.1 million to net assets acquired, with the excess $16.1 million of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired recorded as goodwill, allocated to our one operating segment. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the value expected from the synergies of the combination, including combined selling opportunities with our products. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The results of operations of Streamlio have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements from the date of purchase.

Per the terms of the merger agreement with Streamlio, certain unvested stock options held by Streamlio employees were canceled and exchanged for replacement stock options under our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan. Additionally, certain shares of stock issued pursuant to share-based compensation awards held by key employees of Streamlio were canceled and exchanged for replacement equity awards consisting of restricted shares of our common stock subject to vesting. The portion of the fair value of the replacement equity awards associated with pre-acquisition service of Streamlio’s employees represented a component of the total purchase consideration, as discussed above. The remaining fair value of $4.2 million of these issued awards, which are subject to the recipients’ continued service with us and thus excluded from the purchase price, will be recognized ratably as stock-based compensation expense over the required service period. We are still finalizing the allocation of the purchase price, which may be subject to change as additional information becomes available to us.

The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition:

 

Goodwill

 

There were no impairments to goodwill during the six months ended July 31, 2020 or during prior periods.

Intangible Assets

 

Intangible assets subject to amortization realized from acquisitions as of July 31, 2020 are as follows:

 

Intangible assets subject to amortization realized from acquisitions as of January 31, 2020 are as follows:

 

Amortization expense from acquired intangible assets was $14.6 million and $7.1 million for the three months ended July 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $29.3 million and $14.2 million for the six months ended July 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The expected future amortization expense for acquired intangible assets as of July 31, 2020 is as follows:

 

(7) Convertible Senior Notes

 

Convertible Senior Notes Due 2027

 

On June 5, 2020, we issued $1.27 billion aggregate principal amount of 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”), including the exercise in full by the initial purchasers of the 2027 Notes of their option to purchase an additional $165.0 million principal amount of 2027 Notes. The 2027 Notes are general senior, unsecured obligations of Splunk. The total proceeds from the issuance of the 2027 Notes was $1.25 billion, net of initial purchaser discounts and other issuance costs.

The 2027 Notes will mature on June 15, 2027, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted. The 2027 Notes will bear interest from June 5, 2020 at a rate of 1.125% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2020.

The initial conversion rate for the 2027 Notes is 3.9164 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2027 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $255.34 per share of our common stock, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events. The initial conversion price of the 2027 Notes represents a premium of approximately 35.0% to the volume weighted average price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market of approximately $189.14 per share on June 2, 2020, which was the date the pricing of the 2027 Notes was determined.

Convertible Senior Notes Due 2023 and 2025

 

In September 2018, we issued $1.27 billion aggregate principal amount of 0.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”), including the exercise in full by the initial purchasers of the 2023 Notes of their option to purchase an additional $165.0 million principal amount of 2023 Notes, and $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2025 (the “2025 Notes”), including the exercise in full by the initial purchasers of the 2025 Notes of their option to purchase an additional $112.5 million principal amount of 2025 Notes. The 2023 Notes and the 2025 Notes are general senior, unsecured obligations of Splunk. The total proceeds from the issuance of the 2023 Notes and the 2025 Notes was $2.11 billion, net of initial purchaser discounts and other issuance costs.

The 2023 Notes will mature on September 15, 2023, and the 2025 Notes will mature on September 15, 2025, in each case unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted. The 2023 Notes bear interest from September 21, 2018 at a rate of 0.50% per year and the 2025 Notes bear interest from September 21, 2018 at a rate of 1.125% per year, in each case payable semiannually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on March 15, 2019.

The initial conversion rate for each of the 2023 Notes and 2025 Notes is 6.7433 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of each of the 2023 Notes and 2025 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $148.30 per share of our common stock, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events. The initial conversion price of each of the 2023 Notes and 2025 Notes represents a premium of approximately 27.5% to the $116.31 per share closing price of our common stock on September 18, 2018, which was the date the pricing of the 2023 Notes and the 2025 Notes was determined.

Other Terms of the Notes

The 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2027 Notes (together the “Notes”) will be convertible at the option of the holders at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 15, 2023, June 15, 2025 and December 15, 2026 for the 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2027 Notes, respectively, only under the following circumstances:

On or after June 15, 2023, June 15, 2025 and December 15, 2026 for the 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2027 Notes, respectively, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the relevant maturity date, holders of the relevant series of Notes may convert all or any portion of their Notes of such series, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

Upon conversion, we may satisfy our conversion obligation by paying and/or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election, in the manner and subject to the terms and conditions provided in the relevant indenture. Upon any conversion of the Notes of a series, it is our current intent to settle the first $1,000 of conversion value of each $1,000 principal amount of such Notes in cash and the remaining conversion value, if any, in shares of common stock. If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the applicable indenture governing the relevant series of Notes), holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Notes of the relevant series at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the relevant series of Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the relevant maturity date of a series of Notes or if we deliver a notice of redemption in respect of a series of Notes, we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate of the relevant series of Notes for a holder of such series who elects to convert its Notes of the applicable series in connection with such corporate event or notice of redemption, as the case may be.

During the three months ended July 31, 2020, the conditional conversion feature of each of the 2023 Notes and 2025 Notes was triggered as the last reported sale price of our common stock was greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price for at least 20 trading days in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on July 31, 2020 (the last trading day of the fiscal quarter) and therefore each of the 2023 Notes and the 2025 Notes are currently convertible, in whole or in part, at the option of the holders of each series between August 1, 2020 and October 31, 2020. Whether the 2023 Notes and the 2025 Notes will be convertible following such period will depend on the continued satisfaction of this condition or another conversion condition in the future. Since we have the election of settling any conversions of the 2023 Notes and 2025 Notes in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of both, we continued to classify the liability component of each of the 2023 Notes and 2025 Notes as long-term debt on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of July 31, 2020. During the three months ended July 31, 2020, the conditions allowing holders of the 2027 Notes to convert were not met. The 2027 Notes were therefore not convertible during the three months ended July 31, 2020 and were classified as long-term debt on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We may not redeem the 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2027 Notes prior to September 20, 2021, September 20, 2022 and June 20, 2024, respectively. We may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2027 Notes, at our option, on or after September 20, 2021, September 20, 2022, and June 20, 2024, respectively, in each case if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price for the relevant series of Notes then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the relevant series of Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the relevant redemption date.

Accounting for the Notes

In accounting for the issuance of the Notes, we separated each series of the Notes into their respective liability and equity components. The carrying amounts of the liability components of the respective Notes were calculated by measuring the fair value of similar debt instruments that do not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amounts of the equity components, representing the conversion option, were determined by deducting the fair value of the liability components from the par value of the respective Notes. This difference represents the debt discount that is amortized to interest expense over the respective terms of the relevant series of Notes using the effective interest rate method. The carrying amounts of the equity components representing the conversion options were $266.9 million, $237.2 million and $347.4 million for the 2023 Notes, the

In accounting for the issuance costs related to the Notes, which includes initial purchaser discounts, we allocated the total amount incurred for the relevant series of the Notes to the liability and equity components based on the proportion of the proceeds allocated to the debt and equity components for that series. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component of the 2023 Notes, the 2025 Notes and the 2027 Notes were $10.4 million, $6.5 million and $14.2 million, respectively. The issuance costs allocated to the liability component are amortized to interest expense over the contractual terms of the 2023 Notes, the 2025 Notes and the 2027 Notes at an effective interest rate of 5.65%, 6.22% and 6.26%, respectively. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component of the 2023 Notes, the 2025 Notes and the 2027 Notes were $2.8 million, $2.5 million and $5.4 million, respectively, and are netted against the equity components representing the conversion option in additional paid-in capital.

The net carrying amounts of the liability component for each series of Notes as of July 31, 2020 were as follows:

 

The following tables sets forth the interest expense related to each series of Notes:

 

As of July 31, 2020, the total estimated fair values of the 2023 Notes, the 2025 Notes, and the 2027 Notes were approximately $1.16 billion, $1.31 billion and $1.43 billion, respectively. The fair value was determined based on the closing trading price per $100 of the respective series of Notes as of the last day of trading for the period. The fair value of the Notes is

Partial Repurchase of the 2023 Notes

On June 5, 2020, we used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2027 Notes to repurchase $488.3 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes (the “2023 Notes Partial Repurchase”), leaving $776.7 million aggregate principal outstanding on the 2023 Notes immediately after the 2023 Notes Partial Repurchase. The 2023 Notes Partial Repurchase was not made pursuant to a redemption notice and constituted individually privately negotiated transactions. The holders of the repurchased 2023 Notes also invested in the 2027 Notes. For each holder, the 2023 Notes and the 2027 Notes exchanged were deemed to be substantially different as the present value of the cash flows under the terms of the 2027 Notes was at least 10% different from the present value of the remaining cash flows under the terms of the 2023 Notes and accordingly, the 2023 Notes Partial Repurchase was accounted for as a debt extinguishment. We used $691.6 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2027 Notes to complete the 2023 Notes Partial Repurchase, of which $407.4 million and $283.6 million were allocated to the liability and equity components of the 2023 Notes, respectively, and $0.5 million was related to the payment of the interest accrued.

The cash consideration of the 2023 Notes Partial Repurchase allocated to the liability component of the 2023 Notes was based on the fair value of the liability component of the 2023 Notes as of June 5, 2020 utilizing an effective discount rate of 6.25%. This rate was based on our estimated rate for a similar liability with the same maturity, but without the conversion option. To derive this effective discount rate, we observed the trading details of the 2023 Notes immediately prior to the repurchase date to determine the volatility of the 2023 Notes. We utilized the observed volatility to calculate the effective discount rate, which was adjusted to reflect the term of the remaining 2023 Notes. The cash consideration allocated to the equity component of the 2023 Notes was calculated by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the aggregate cash consideration and was recorded as a reduction to “Additional paid-in capital.” The gain on extinguishment was subsequently determined by comparing the allocated cash consideration with the carrying value of the liability component, which includes the proportionate amounts of unamortized debt discount and the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs.

The net carrying amount of the liability component of the 2023 Notes immediately prior to the repurchase was as follows:

The 2023 Notes Partial Repurchase resulted in a gain on extinguishment of convertible senior notes, which was calculated as follows:

Capped Calls

In connection with the issuance of the Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions relating to each series of Notes with certain counterparties (the “Capped Calls”). The Capped Calls are expected to reduce potential dilution to our common stock upon conversion of the Notes of a given series and/or offset any cash payments that we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted Notes of such series, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. The Capped Calls are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified extraordinary events affecting us, including merger events, tender offers and announcement events. In addition, the Capped Calls are subject

The following table sets forth other key terms and premiums paid for the Capped Calls related to each series of the Notes:

For accounting purposes, the Capped Calls are separate transactions, and not part of the terms of any series of Notes. As the Capped Calls qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting for instruments that are both indexed to the issuer’s own stock and classified in stockholders’ equity in its statement of financial position, the premium paid for the purchase of the Capped Calls has been recorded as a reduction to “Additional paid-in capital” and will not be remeasured.

(8) Stock Compensation Plans

 

The following table summarizes the stock option, restricted stock unit (“RSU”), restricted stock award (“RSA”) and performance unit (“PSU”) award activity under our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan during the six months ended July 31, 2020: