ADMA Biologics (ADMA) 10-Q2021 Q1 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

Commission file number 001-36728

(201) 478-5552

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

_________________________________________________________________

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐    No ☒

As of May 7, 2021, there were 128,189,628 shares of the issuer’s common stock outstanding.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes our trademarks, trade names and service marks, such as “ASCENIV^™,” “Nabi-HB^®” and “BIVIGAM^®,” which are protected under applicable intellectual property laws and are the property of ADMA Biologics, Inc., or its subsidiaries. Solely for convenience, trademarks, trade names and service marks referred to in this report may appear without the ^®, ^™ or ^SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, trade names and service marks. We do not intend our use or display of other parties’ trademarks, trade names or service marks to imply, and such use or display should not be construed to imply, a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other parties.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements include, among others, statements about: 

These statements may be found under the “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements  may be identified by the use of terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” or “should” or the negative thereof or other variations thereof or comparable terminology. Our actual results could differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements due to the factors described in the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021. Any forward-looking statement included or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflects our current views with respect to future events and is subject to these and other risks, uncertainties and assumptions related to our operations, industry and future growth. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the dates such statements are made and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements or to publicly announce revisions to any of the forward-looking statements, unless otherwise required by the federal securities laws.

PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS

ADMA Biologics, Inc. (“ADMA” or the “Company”) is an end-to-end commercial biopharmaceutical company dedicated to manufacturing, marketing and developing specialty plasma-derived biologics for the treatment of immunodeficient patients at risk for infection and others at risk for certain infectious diseases. The Company’s targeted patient populations include immune-compromised individuals who suffer from an underlying immune deficiency disorder or who may be immune-suppressed for medical reasons.

ADMA operates through its wholly-owned subsidiaries ADMA BioManufacturing, LLC (“ADMA BioManufacturing”) and ADMA BioCenters Georgia Inc. (“ADMA BioCenters”). ADMA BioManufacturing was formed in January 2017 to facilitate the acquisition of the Biotest Therapy Business Unit (“BTBU”) from BPC Plasma, Inc. (formerly Biotest Pharmaceuticals Corporation) (“BPC” and, together with Biotest AG, “Biotest”) on June 6, 2017. The acquisition included certain assets (the “Biotest Assets”) of BTBU, which included the FDA-licensed BIVIGAM and Nabi-HB immunoglobulin products, and an FDA-licensed plasma fractionation manufacturing facility located in Boca Raton, FL (the “Boca Facility”) (the “Biotest Transaction”). BTBU had previously been the Company’s third-party contract manufacturer. ADMA BioCenters is the Company’s source plasma collection business with seven plasma collection facilities in various stages of approval and development located throughout the U.S., two of which hold an approved license with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) while a third facility’s Biologics License Applications (“BLA”) is pending FDA approval.

The Company has three FDA-approved products, all of which are currently marketed and commercially available: (i) BIVIGAM (Immune Globulin Intravenous, Human), an Intravenous Immune Globulin (“IVIG”) product indicated for the treatment of Primary Humoral Immunodeficiency (“PI”), also known as Primary Immunodeficiency Disease (“PIDD”), and for which the Company received FDA approval on May 9, 2019 and commenced commercial sales in August 2019; (ii) ASCENIV (Immune Globulin Intravenous, Human – slra 10% Liquid), an IVIG product indicated for the treatment of PI, for which the Company received FDA approval on April 1, 2019 and commenced first commercial sales in October 2019; and (iii) Nabi-HB (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin, Human), which is indicated for the treatment of acute exposure to blood containing Hepatitis B surface antigen (“HBsAg”) and other listed exposures to Hepatitis B. In addition to its commercially available immunoglobulin products, the Company provides contract manufacturing and laboratory services for certain clients and generates revenues from the sale of intermediate by-products that result from the immunoglobulin production process. The Company seeks to develop a pipeline of plasma-derived therapeutics, and its products and product candidates are intended to be used by physician specialists focused on caring for immune-compromised patients with or at risk for certain infectious diseases.

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had working capital of $156.1 million, including $62.0 million of cash and cash equivalents. Based upon the Company’s current projected revenue and expenditures, including capital expenditures and continued implementation of the Company’s commercialization and expansion activities, as well as accessing the available funds under the open market sale agreement for sales of the Company’s common stock as discussed below, the Company’s management currently believes that its cash, cash equivalents, projected revenue and accounts receivable will be sufficient to fund ADMA’s operations, as currently conducted, into the fourth quarter of 2021. In order to have sufficient cash to fund its operations thereafter, the Company anticipates it will need to raise additional capital before the end of the fourth quarter of 2021. These estimates may change based upon several factors, including the success of the Company’s commercial sales of its products, manufacturing ramp-up activities, the acceptability of ADMA’s immune globulin products by physicians, patients or payers and the various financing options that may be available to the Company. In addition, the Company’s end-to-end production cycle from procurement of raw materials to commercial release of finished product can take between seven and 12 months or potentially longer, requiring substantial investments in raw material plasma and other manufacturing materials. The Company currently has no firm commitments for additional financing, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to secure additional financing on terms that are acceptable to the Company, or at all. Furthermore, if the Company’s assumptions underlying its estimated expenses and revenues are incorrect, it may have to raise additional capital sooner than currently anticipated.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Due to numerous risks and uncertainties associated with FDA review, inspections and approvals related to the Company’s products or the labeled indications of such products, ongoing compliance requirements and capacity expansion efforts at the Company’s Boca Facility and future commercialization of the Company’s products, including the Company’s ability to obtain adequate quantities of FDA-approved plasma with proper specifications on acceptable terms for use in the Company’s manufacturing process, as well as the additional uncertainties surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic (see Note 10), the Company is unable to estimate with certainty the amounts of increased capital outlays and operating expenditures required to fund its commercial and development activities. The Company’s current estimates may be subject to change as circumstances regarding its business requirements evolve. Failure to secure any necessary financing in a timely manner and on commercially reasonable terms could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business plan and financial performance and it could be forced to delay or discontinue its commercialization, product development or clinical activities or delay or discontinue the approval efforts for any of the Company’s products or product candidates. The Company has reported cumulative losses since inception in June 2004 through March 31, 2021 of $358.8 million. As such, these factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts and the classification of liabilities that might be necessary from the outcome of this uncertainty.

The Company may decide to raise capital through public or private equity offerings or debt financings, or obtain a bank credit facility or enter into corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements. The sale of additional equity or debt securities, if convertible, could result in dilution to the Company’s existing stockholders and, in such event, the market value of its common stock may decline. The incurrence of additional indebtedness would result in increased fixed obligations and could also result in covenants that would restrict the Company’s operations or other financing alternatives. In addition, the Company is exploring additional contract manufacturing arrangements and other business development opportunities, which may provide additional liquidity to the Company.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company raised $41.9 million from the open market sale agreement, as amended, (the “Sale Agreement”) with Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”), pursuant to which the Company could offer and sell, from time to time, at its option, through or to Jefferies, shares of the Company’s common stock (see Note 8). As of March 31, 2021, the remaining gross balance that could be raised under the Sale Agreement was approximately $19.0 million.

There can be no assurance that the Company’s approved products will be commercially viable, or that research and development, plant capacity expansion, plasma center build-outs or other capital improvements will be successfully completed or that any product developed in the future will be approved. The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical manufacturing industries including, but not limited to, dependence on collaborative arrangements, development by the Company or its competitors of new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, and compliance with FDA and other governmental regulations and approval requirements.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”).

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 25, 2021.  The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 was derived from the audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X, and therefore omit or condense certain footnotes and other information normally included in complete consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments (which consist primarily of accruals, estimates and assumptions that impact the financial statements) considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2021 and its results of operations, changes in equity and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021.  

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, comprehensive loss was equal to the net loss amounts presented for the respective periods in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.   Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include the realizable value of accounts receivable, valuation of inventory, assumptions used in projecting future liquidity and capital requirements, assumptions used in the fair value of awards granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans and warrants issued in connection with the issuance of notes payable and the valuation allowance for the Company’s deferred tax assets.

Fair value of financial instruments

The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, are shown at cost which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.  The debt outstanding under the Company’s senior secured term loan (see Note 7) approximates fair value due to the variable interest rate on this debt. 

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable is reported at realizable value, net of allowances for contractual credits and doubtful accounts, which are recognized in the period the related revenue is recorded. The Company extends credit to its customers based upon an evaluation of each customer's financial condition and credit history. Evaluations of the financial condition and associated credit risk of customers are performed on an ongoing basis. Based on these evaluations, the Company has concluded that its credit risk is minimal. At March 31, 2021, five customers accounted for an aggregate of 90% of the Company’s total accounts receivable, and at December 31, 2020, three customers accounted for approximately 92% of the Company’s total accounts receivable.

Inventories

Raw materials inventory consists of various materials purchased from suppliers, including normal source plasma, used in the production of the Company’s products. Work-in-process and finished goods inventories (see Note 3) reflect the cost of raw materials as well as costs for direct and indirect labor, primarily salaries, wages and benefits for applicable employees, as well as an allocation of overhead costs related to the Boca Facility including utilities, property taxes, general repairs and maintenance, consumable supplies and depreciation. The allocation of Boca Facility overhead to inventory is generally based upon the estimated square footage of the Boca Facility that is used in the production of the Company’s products relative to the total square footage of the facility.

Inventories, including plasma intended for resale and plasma intended for internal use in the Company’s manufacturing, commercialization or research and development activities, are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value determined by the first-in, first-out method. Net realizable value is generally determined based upon the consideration the Company expects to receive when the inventory is sold, less costs to deliver the inventory to the recipient. The estimates for net realizable value of inventory are based on contractual terms or upon historical experience and certain other assumptions, and the Company believes that such assumptions are reasonable. Inventory is periodically reviewed to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed its net realizable value, and adjustments are recorded to write down such inventory, with a corresponding charge to cost of product revenue, when the carrying value or historical cost exceeds its estimated net realizable value. In addition, costs associated with the production of conformance or engineering lots that would not qualify as immediately available for commercial sale are charged to cost of product revenue and not capitalized into inventory.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired by the Company.  Goodwill at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $3.5 million.  All of the Company’s goodwill is attributable to its ADMA BioManufacturing business segment and is related to a 2017 acquisition transaction. 

Goodwill is not amortized but is assessed for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment of goodwill to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill and other intangible assets. If the Company concludes that this is the case, then it must perform a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. An impairment charge is recorded to the extent the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1 of each year.  The Company’s annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1, 2020 did not result in a goodwill impairment charge, and the Company did not record any impairment charges related to goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company assesses the recoverability of its long-lived assets, which include property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets, whenever significant events or changes in circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. If indicators of impairment exist, projected future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset are compared to its carrying amount to determine whether the asset’s carrying value is recoverable. Any resulting impairment is recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset in excess of fair value and a charge to operating results. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company determined that there was no impairment of its long-lived assets.

Revenue recognition

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are comprised of (i) revenues from the sale of the Company’s immunoglobulin products, BIVIGAM, ASCENIV and Nabi-HB, (ii) product revenues from the sale of human plasma collected through the Company’s Plasma Collection Centers business segment, (iii) contract manufacturing and laboratory services revenue, (iv) revenues from the sale of intermediate by-products; and (v) license and other revenues primarily attributable to the out-licensing of ASCENIV to Biotest in 2012 to market and sell this product in Europe and selected countries in North Africa and the Middle East. Biotest has provided the Company with certain services and financial payments in accordance with the related Biotest license agreement and is obligated to pay the Company certain amounts in the future if certain milestones are achieved. Deferred revenue is amortized into income over the term of the Biotest license, representing a period of approximately 22 years.

Product revenue is recognized when the customer is deemed to have control over the product. Control is determined based on when the product is shipped or delivered and title passes to the customer. Revenue is recorded in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange. Revenue from the sale of the Company’s immunoglobulin products is recognized when the product reaches the customer’s destination, and is recorded net of estimated rebates, price protection arrangements and customer incentives, including prompt pay discounts, wholesaler chargebacks and other wholesaler fees. These estimates are based on historical experience and certain other assumptions, and the Company believes that such estimates are reasonable. For revenues associated with contract manufacturing and the sale of intermediates, control transfers to the customer and the performance obligation is satisfied when the customer takes possession of the product from the Boca Facility or from a third-party warehouse that is utilized by the Company.     

Product revenues from the sale of human plasma collected at the Company’s plasma collection centers are recognized at the time control of the product has been transferred to the customer, which generally occurs at the time of shipment. Product revenues are recognized at the time of delivery if the Company retains control of the product during shipment.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, five customers represented an aggregate of 86% of the Company’s consolidated revenues. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, three customers represented an aggregate of82% of the Company’s consolidated revenues.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Cost of product revenue

Cost of product revenue includes costs associated with the manufacture of the Company’s FDA approved products, intermediates and the sale of human source plasma, as well as expenses related to conformance batch production, process development and scientific and technical operations when these operations are attributable to marketed products. When the activities of these operations are attributable to new products in development, the expenses are classified as research and development expenses.

Loss per common share 

Basic loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.  Diluted loss per common share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders, as adjusted for the effect of dilutive securities, if any, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common stock includes the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, using the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common stock is excluded from the diluted loss per common share computation to the extent that it would be anti-dilutive. As a result, no potentially dilutive securities are included in the computation of any of the accompanying diluted loss per share amounts as the Company reported a net loss for all periods presented. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the following securities were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per common share because of their anti-dilutive effects:

Stock-based compensation

The Company follows recognized accounting guidance which requires all equity-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations as compensation expense based on their fair values at the date of grant. Compensation expense related to awards to employees and directors with service-based vesting conditions is recognized on a straight-line over the associated vesting period of the award based on the grant date fair value of the award. Stock options granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans generally have a four-year vesting period and a term of 10 years. Pursuant to ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), the Company has elected not to establish a forfeiture rate, as stock-based compensation expense related to forfeitures of unvested stock options is fully reversed at the time of forfeiture.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or its tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the Company will not generate sufficient taxable income to utilize its deferred tax assets. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities for all tax years since 2016 and for previous periods as it relates to the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards.  

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company is required to determine whether a tax position of the Company is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit to be recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Derecognition of a tax benefit previously recognized could result in the Company recording a tax liability that would reduce net assets. Based on its analysis, the Company has determined that it has not incurred any liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized no adjustments for uncertain tax positions.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires financial assets to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, with an allowance for credit losses to be deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset such that the net carrying value of the asset is presented as the amount expected to be collected. Under ASU 2016-13, the entity’s statement of operations is required to reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as expected increases or decreases in expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. For public business entities, ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, and the adoption of this update did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. INVENTORIES

The following table provides the components of inventories:

Raw materials includes plasma and other materials expected to be used in the production of BIVIGAM, ASCENIV and Nabi-HB, as there are alternative uses for these materials that provide a probable future benefit or will be consumed in the production of goods expected to be available for sale. All other activities and materials associated with the production of inventories used in research and development activities are expensed as incurred.

Work-in-process inventory primarily consists of bulk drug substance and unlabeled filled vials of the Company’s immunoglobulin products. Finished goods inventory is comprised of immunoglobulin product inventory and related intermediates that are available for commercial sale, as well as plasma collected at the Company’s plasma collection centers which is expected to be sold to third-party customers.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

4. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consist of the following:

All of the Company’s intangible assets were acquired in the Biotest Transaction. Amortization expense related to these intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $0.2 million. Estimated aggregate future aggregate amortization expense is expected to be as follows:

5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation are summarized as follows:

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life. Land is not depreciated. The buildings were assigned a useful life of 30 years. Property and equipment other than land and buildings have useful lives ranging from three to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the lease term or their estimated useful lives.

The Company recorded depreciation expense on property and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 of $1.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

6. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as follows:

7. DEBT

A summary of outstanding senior notes payable is as follows:

Under the Credit Agreement and Guaranty, as amended from time to time, (the “Perceptive Credit Agreement”) with Perceptive Credit Holdings II, LP, as the lender and administrative agent (“Perceptive”), the Company has a principal balance outstanding to Perceptive in the form of senior secured notes payable to Perceptive aggregating to $100.0 million with a maturity date of March 1, 2024 (the “Maturity Date”), subject to acceleration pursuant to the Perceptive Credit Agreement, including upon an Event of Default (as defined in the Perceptive Credit Agreement). On the Maturity Date, the Company will pay Perceptive the entire outstanding principal amount and any accrued and unpaid interest thereon. Prior to the Maturity Date, there are no scheduled principal payments due under the Perceptive Credit Agreement.

Borrowings under the Perceptive Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 7.5% plus the greater of (i) one-month LIBOR and (ii) 3.5%; provided, however, that upon, and during the continuance of, an Event of Default, the interest rate will automatically increase by an additional 400 basis points. Accrued interest is payable to Perceptive on the last day of each month during the term of the Perceptive Credit Facility. The rate of interest in effect as of March 31, 2021 was 11.0%, and the Company paid interest to Perceptive during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 in the amount of $2.8 million and $2.0 million, respectively.

All of the Company’s obligations under the Perceptive Credit Agreement are secured by a first-priority lien and security interest in substantially all of the Company’s tangible and intangible assets, including intellectual property and all of the equity interests in the Company’s subsidiaries. The Perceptive Credit Agreement contains certain representations and warranties, affirmative covenants, negative covenants and conditions that are customarily required for similar financings. The negative covenants restrict or limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to, among other things and subject to certain exceptions contained in the Perceptive Credit Agreement, incur new indebtedness; create liens on assets; engage in certain fundamental corporate changes, such as mergers or acquisitions, or changes to the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ business activities; make certain Investments or Restricted Payments (each as defined in the Perceptive Credit Agreement); change its fiscal year; pay dividends; repay other certain indebtedness; engage in certain affiliate transactions; or enter into, amend or terminate any other agreements that have the impact of restricting the Company’s ability to make loan repayments under the Perceptive Credit Agreement. In addition, the Company must (i) at all times prior to the Maturity Date maintain a minimum cash balance of $3.0 million; and (ii) as of the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019, report revenues for the trailing 12-month period that exceed the amounts set forth in the Perceptive Credit Agreement, which range from $7.0 million for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019 to $55.0 million for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2021. At March 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Perceptive Credit Agreement.

As a result of the fees paid to Perceptive and the value of the warrants issued to Perceptive under the terms of the Perceptive Credit Agreement, the Company recognized an aggregate discount on the senior secured notes in the amount of $7.1 million. The Company records debt discount as a reduction to the face amount of the debt, and the debt discount is amortized as interest expense over the life of the debt using the interest method. Based on the fair value of the Perceptive Warrants and the aggregate amount of fees and expenses associated with obtaining the Perceptive Credit Facility, the effective interest rate on senior secured notes payable to Perceptive as of March 31, 2021 was approximately 13.7%.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company is currently authorized to issue up to 10 million shares of preferred stock, $0.0001, par value per share.  There were no shares of preferred stock outstanding at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Common Stock

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company was authorized to issue 150,000,000 shares of its common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 123,044,981 and 104,902,888 shares of common stock were outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. After giving effect to the 17,080,606 shares reserved for outstanding warrants and awards issued or reserved for future issuance under the Company’s equity incentive plans, as of March 31, 2021 there were 9,874,413 shares of common stock available for issuance. 

On August 5, 2020, the Company entered into the Sale Agreement with Jefferies (see Note 1), pursuant to which the Company could offer and sell, from time to time, at its option, through or to Jefferies, up to an aggregate of $50 million of shares of the Company’s common stock. On November 5, 2020 and February 3, 2021, the Company and Jefferies amended the Sale Agreement to provide for an increase in the aggregate offering amount under the Sale Agreement such that, as of February 3, 2021, the Company could sell shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $105.4 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company issued and sold 18,080,708 shares of common under the Sale Agreement and received net proceeds of $41.9 million.    

On February 11, 2020, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 23,500,000 shares of its common stock for gross proceeds of $82.3 million. On February 21, 2020, the Company sold an additional 3,525,000 shares pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their option to purchase additional shares of the Company’s common stock for additional gross proceeds of $12.3 million. The Company received net proceeds, after underwriting discounts and other expenses associated with the offering, of approximately $88.7 million.   

Warrants

At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,528,160 shares of common stock, with a weighted average exercise price of $2.82 per share and expiration dates ranging between June 2022 and December 2030.

Equity Incentive Plans

The fair value of stock options granted under the Company’s 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Plan”) and the ADMA Biologics, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (the “2014 Plan”), was determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The Black-Scholes model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of publicly traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of certain subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. The stock options granted to employees and directors have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate. The following assumptions were used to determine the fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of 1,441,050 and 1,158,900 shares of common stock, respectively, to its directors, employees and certain third-party service providers. The weighted average remaining contractual life of stock options outstanding and expected to vest at March 31, 2021 is 7.0 years. The weighted average remaining contractual life of stock options exercisable at March 31, 2021 is 4.8 years.

A summary of the Company’s option activity under the 2007 Plan and 2014 Plan and related information is as follows:

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had $5.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to options granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) representing an aggregate of 492,744 and 341,000 shares, respectively, to certain management employees of the Company and to members of its Board of Directors. The RSUs vest annually over a period of four years for employees and semi-annually over a period of one year for directors. Total compensation expense related to unvested RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $0.1 million and $28,000, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, 87,750 shares vested in connection with grants of RSUs. With respect to these vested RSUs, 26,365 shares valued at approximately $59,000 were withheld by the Company to cover employees’ tax liabilities. On March 25, 2021, these shares were retired by the Company and were no longer outstanding as of March 31, 2021. A summary of the Company’s unvested RSU activity and related information is as follows: 

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had $1.8 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.5 years.

Total stock-based compensation expense for all awards granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:  

9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company leases an office building and equipment from Areth, LLC (“Areth”) pursuant to an agreement for services effective as of January 1, 2016, as amended from time to time. Rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 amounted to $30,000. Areth is a company controlled by Dr. Jerrold B. Grossman, the Vice Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, and Adam S. Grossman, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. The Company also reimburses Areth for office and building related (common area) expenses, equipment and certain other operational expenses, which were not material to the consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company purchased certain specialized medical equipment and services related to the Company’s plasma collection centers, as well as personal protective equipment, from GenesisBPS and its affiliates (“Genesis”), which were not material to the consolidated financial statements. Genesis is owned by Dr. Grossman and Adam Grossman.

See Note 7 for a discussion of the Company’s credit facility and related transactions with Perceptive, a holder of more than 10% of the Company’s common stock.

In connection with the February 2020 public offering of the Company’s common stock (see Note 8) on February 11, 2020: (i) Perceptive Advisors, a principal stockholder of ADMA, purchased 4,563,700 shares of common stock through one of its affiliates, (ii) Dr. Grossman purchased 22,857 shares of common stock directly and 22,857 shares indirectly through an entity he controls, (iii) Lawrence P. Guiheen, a director of the Company, purchased 20,000 shares of common stock, (iv) Mr. Grossman purchased 28,571 shares of common stock directly and 57,143 shares indirectly through an entity he controls, (v) Brian Lenz, the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, purchased 7,142 shares of common stock, and (vi) Dr. James Mond, the Company’s Chief Scientific Officer and Chief Medical Officer, purchased 4,285 shares of common stock, all at the public offering price of $3.50 per share.

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

General Legal Matters 

From time to time the Company is or may become subject to certain legal proceedings and claims arising in connection with the normal course of its business. Management does not expect that the outcome of any such claims or actions will have a material effect on the Company’s liquidity, results of operations or financial condition. 

COVID-19 Pandemic

The Company continues to monitor the ongoing developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts to the Company’s commercial and manufacturing operations and plasma collection facilities, including collections of source plasma, procurement of raw materials and packaging materials, a portion of which are sourced internationally, and the testing of finished drug product that is required prior to its availability for commercial sale.  A substantial portion of such testing has historically been performed by contract laboratories outside the United States.   

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company has experienced some delays with final drug product release testing by third-party vendors. In response to these delays, the Company added additional release testing laboratories to its FDA-approved consortium listed in its drug approval documents which the Company believes has adequately addressed this issue. In addition, due to a combination of previous state and local “shelter-in-place” orders, as well as government stimulus packages, persisting social distancing measures and varying roll-outs of vaccinations by state, the Company has experienced lower than normal donor collections at its FDA approved plasma collection centers. The Company was also subject to delays in shipments of source plasma from its contracted third-party suppliers, as well as delays in deliveries for personal protective equipment, reagents and other non-plasma raw materials and supplies used in the manufacture and distribution of its products. The Company is also subject to supply chain delays as a result of certain of its suppliers diverting significant resources towards the rapid development and distribution of COVID 19 vaccines. The COVID-19 pandemic has also impacted, to a certain degree, the Company’s customer engagement initiatives, whereby ADMA’s sales and medical affairs field personnel have faced difficulties communicating directly with physicians and other healthcare professionals, as well as the cancellation or postponement of a number of key scientific and medical meetings, further limiting the Company’s ability to communicate with potential customers.  The Company has implemented a comprehensive suite of virtual engagement initiatives, however, clinician engagement has been reduced due to rapidly evolving COVID-19 priorities at U.S. medical centers.

The pandemic could also impact the Company’s ability to interact with the FDA or other regulatory authorities and may result in delays in the conduct of inspections or review of pending applications or submissions.  During the second quarter of 2021, the Company was notified by the FDA that its submission for the approval of its in-house fill-finish process utilizing a recently installed aseptic filling machine will require a site inspection, either in person or virtually, of the Boca Facility. Taking into account ongoing travel restrictions resulting from the pandemic, the Company believes that the inspection could be completed before the end of the fourth quarter of 2021, however no assurances can be provided as to the timing of such an inspection or the timing as to when the FDA may adjust its restrictions due to COVID-19.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the COVID-19 pandemic to date has not had a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations, and the Company does not believe that its production operations at the Boca Facility, the Company’s contract fill/finishers or its plasma collection facilities have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the Company does not anticipate and has not experienced any material impairments with respect to any of its long-lived assets, including the Company’s property and equipment, goodwill or intangible assets.  

Although the COVID-19 pandemic has not, to date, materially adversely impacted the Company’s capital and financial resources, because the Company is unable to determine the ultimate severity or duration of the pandemic or its long-term effects on, among other things, the global, national or local economies, the capital and credit markets or the Company’s workforce, customers or our suppliers, at this time the Company is unable to predict whether COVID-19 will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

Vendor Commitments

Pursuant to the terms of a plasma purchase agreement with BPC dated as of November 17, 2011 (the “2011 Plasma Purchase Agreement”), the Company agreed to purchase from BPC an annual minimum volume of source plasma containing antibodies to RSV to be used in the manufacture of ASCENIV. The Company must purchase a to-be-determined and agreed upon annual minimum volume from BPC, but may also collect high-titer RSV plasma from up to five wholly-owned ADMA plasma collection facilities.  During 2015, the Company and BPC amended the 2011 Plasma Purchase Agreement to allow the Company the ability to collect its raw material RSV high-titer plasma from other third-party collection organizations, thus allowing the Company to expand its reach for raw material supply as it executes its commercialization plans for ASCENIV. Unless terminated earlier, the 2011 Plasma Purchase Agreement expires in June 2027, after which it may be renewed for two additional five-year periods if agreed to by the parties. As part of the closing of the Biotest Transaction, the parties amended the 2011 Plasma Purchase Agreement to extend the initial term through the ten-year anniversary of the closing date of the Biotest Transaction. On December 10, 2018, BPC assigned its rights and obligations under the 2011 Plasma Purchase Agreement to Grifols Worldwide Operations Limited (“Grifols”) as its successor-in-interest, effective January 1, 2019. On January 1, 2019, Grifols and the Company entered into an additional amendment to the 2011 Plasma Purchase Agreement for the purchase of source plasma containing antibodies to RSV from Grifols. Pursuant to this amendment, until January 1, 2022, the Company may purchase RSV plasma from Grifols from the two plasma collection centers that were transferred to BPC on January 1, 2019 at a price equal to cost plus five percent (5%) (without any additional increase due to inflation).

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

On June 6, 2017, the Company and BPC entered into a Plasma Supply Agreement pursuant to which BPC supplies, on an exclusive basis subject to certain exceptions, to ADMA BioManufacturing an annual minimum volume of hyperimmune plasma that contain antibodies to the Hepatitis B virus for the manufacture of Nabi-HB. The Plasma Supply Agreement has a 10-year term. On July 19, 2018, the Company and BPC entered into an amendment to the Plasma Supply Agreement to provide, among other things, that in the event BPC elects not to supply in excess of ADMA BioManufacturing’s specified amount of Hepatitis B plasma and ADMA BioManufacturing is unable to secure Hepatitis B plasma from a third party at a price that is within a low double- digit percentage of the price that ADMA BioManufacturing pays to BPC, then BPC shall reimburse ADMA BioManufacturing for the difference in price ADMA BioManufacturing incurs. On December 10, 2018, BPC assigned its rights and obligations under the Plasma Supply Agreement to Grifols, effective January 1, 2019.

On June 6, 2017, the Company and BPC entered into a Plasma Purchase Agreement (the “2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which ADMA BioManufacturing purchases normal source plasma (“NSP”) from BPC at agreed upon annual quantities and prices. The 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement has an initial term of five years after which the 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement may be renewed for additional two terms of two years each upon the mutual written consent of the parties. On July 19, 2018, the Company and BPC entered into an amendment to the 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement to, among other things, provide agreed upon amounts of normal source plasma to be supplied by BPC to ADMA BioManufacturing in calendar year 2019 at a specified price per liter, provided that ADMA BioManufacturing delivers a valid purchase order to BPC. Additionally, pursuant to the amendment to the 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement, BPC agreed that, for calendar years 2020 and 2021, it shall supply no less than a high double-digit percentage of ADMA BioManufacturing’s requested NSP amounts, provided that such requested NSP amounts are within an agreed range, at a price per liter to be mutually determined. Furthermore, pursuant to the amendment to the 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement, in the event BPC fails to supply ADMA BioManufacturing with at least a high double-digit percentage of ADMA BioManufacturing’s requested NSP amounts, BPC shall promptly reimburse ADMA BioManufacturing the difference in price ADMA BioManufacturing incurs due to BPC’s election not to supply NSP to ADMA BioManufacturing in such amounts as requested. On December 10, 2018, BPC assigned its rights and obligations under the Plasma Purchase Agreement to Grifols, effective January 1, 2019.

Effective as of May 12, 2021, the Company and Grifols amended the foregoing 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement whereby, among other things, term of the agreement was extended through December 31, 2022, while certain historical provisions were deleted. In order to maintain a reliable supply of raw material plasma thereafter, the Company is in late-stage discussion with multiple third-party suppliers of NSP to supplement the 2017 Plasma Purchase Agreement, while the Company has also increased the number of planned plasma collection center buildouts and is continuing to increase its plasma collection capabilities at its ADMA BioCenters plasma collection centers business segment.

The Company purchases substantially all of its raw material plasma from Grifols. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, plasma purchases from Grifols totaled $12.7 million, or approximately 72% of the Company’s total inventory purchases. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, plasma purchases from Grifols totaled approximately $2.0 million, representing approximately 46% of the Company’s total inventory purchases.

Post-marketing commitments

In connection with the approval of the BLA for BIVIGAM, on December 19, 2012 Biotest committed to perform two additional post-marketing studies, a pediatric study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BIVIGAM in children and adolescents, and a post-authorization safety study to further assess the potential risk of hypotension and hepatic and renal impairment in BIVIGAM-treated patients with primary humoral immunodeficiency. These studies are still pending completion. ADMA has assumed the remaining obligations, and the costs of the studies will be expensed as incurred as research and development expenses. The Company currently expects both studies to be completed by June of 2023.

In connection with the FDA’s approval of ASCENIV on April 1, 2019, the Company is required to perform a pediatric study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ASCENIV in children and adolescents. This study is required to be completed by June of 2023.

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Employment contracts

The Company has entered into employment agreements with its executive management team consisting of its President and Chief Executive Officer, its Executive Vice President, Chief Medical Officer and Chief Scientific Officer and its Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.

Other commitments

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications with its employees, licensors, suppliers and service providers. Further, the Company indemnifies its directors and officers who are, or were, serving at the Company’s request in such capacities. The Company’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as of March 31, 2021. The Company does not anticipate recognizing any significant losses relating to these arrangements.

11. SEGMENTS

The Company is engaged in the manufacture, marketing and development of specialty plasma-derived biologics.  The Company’s ADMA BioManufacturing segment reflects the Company’s immunoglobulin manufacturing, commercial and development operations in Boca Raton, FL, acquired on June 6, 2017 (see Note 1).  The Plasma Collection Centers segment as of March 31, 2021 consists of two FDA-licensed source plasma collection facilities, an additional plasma collection facility for which an FDA license is pending, and four other plasma collection facilities under various stages of development. The Corporate segment includes general and administrative overhead expenses. The Company defines its segments as those business units whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to analyze performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM is its President and Chief Executive Officer.  Summarized financial information concerning reportable segments is shown in the following tables:

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

12. LEASE OBLIGATIONS

The Company leases certain properties and equipment for its ADMA BioCenters subsidiary and certain equipment for its ADMA BioManufacturing subsidiary, which leases provide the right to use the underlying assets and require lease payments through the respective lease terms which expire at various dates through 2032. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company determines if an arrangement is an operating lease at inception. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. All other leases are recorded on the balance sheet with assets representing the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities representing the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-to-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term and include options to extend or terminate the lease when they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The present value of the lease payments is determined using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate of 13%. The Company’s lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is reflected in Plasma center operating expenses and Selling, general and administrative expenses. Aggregate lease expense for the Company’s leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Cash paid for the Company’s leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively.   

ADMA BIOLOGICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO (UNAUDITED) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized additional right to use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of $2.1 million in connection with two new property leases where the Company intends to open two additional plasma collection facilities. Including a finance lease the Company entered into in June 2018, the Company has aggregate lease liabilities of $6.7 million and $4.7 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, which are comprised primarily of the leases for the Company’s plasma collection centers and an administrative office lease related to the Company’s ADMA BioCenters subsidiary.  The Company’s operating leases have a weighted average remaining term of 9.3 years. Scheduled payments under the Company’s lease obligations are as follows:

13. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental cash flow information for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Between April 1, 2021 and May 7, 2021, the Company sold an additional 5,144,647 shares of its common stock under the Sale Agreement and received net proceeds in the amount of $10.9 million, which leaves a remaining gross balance that can be raised under the Sale Agreement of approximately $7.9 million.   

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations, which refers to our historical results, should be read in conjunction with the other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including “Risk Factors” and our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein, and in conjunction with the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 25, 2021 (the “2020 10-K”). The various sections of this discussion contain a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risk factors described throughout or referenced within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”  Our actual results may differ materially from our current expectations.

OVERVIEW

Our Business

ADMA Biologics, Inc. (the “Company,” “ADMA,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is an end-to-end commercial biopharmaceutical company dedicated to manufacturing, marketing and developing specialty plasma-derived biologics for the treatment of immunodeficient patients at risk for infection and others at risk for certain infectious diseases. Our targeted patient populations include immune-compromised individuals who suffer from an underlying immune deficiency disorder or who may be immune-suppressed for medical reasons.

We currently have three products with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) approval, all of which are currently marketed and commercially available: (i) BIVIGAM (Immune Globulin Intravenous, Human), an Intravenous Immune Globulin (“IVIG”) product indicated for the treatment of Primary Humoral Immunodeficiency (“PI”), also known as Primary Immunodeficiency Disease (“PIDD”), and for which we received FDA approval on May 9, 2019 and commenced commercial sales in August 2019; (ii) ASCENIV (Immune Globulin Intravenous, Human – slra 10% Liquid), an IVIG product indicated for the treatment of PI, for which we received FDA approval on April 1, 2019 and commenced first commercial sales in October 2019; and (iii) Nabi-HB (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin, Human), which is indicated for the treatment of acute exposure to blood containing HBsAg and other listed exposures to Hepatitis B. We seek to develop a pipeline of plasma-derived therapeutics, including a product based on our most recently approved patent application under U.S. Patent No. 10,259,865 related to methods of treatment and prevention of S. pneumonia infection for an immunoglobulin manufactured to contain standardized antibodies to numerous serotypes of S. pneumoniae. Our products and product candidates are intended to be used by physician specialists focused on caring for immune-compromised patients with or at risk for certain infectious diseases.

We manufacture these products at our FDA-licensed, plasma fractionation and purification facility located in Boca Raton, Florida with a peak annual processing capability of up to 600,000 liters (the “Boca Facility”). Based on current production yields, our ongoing supply chain enhancements and capacity expansion initiatives, we believe this facility has the potential to produce quantities of our immune globulin (“IG”) products of more than $250 million in annual revenue beginning in 2024 and potentially in excess of $300 million of annual revenue thereafter, as well as achieving profitability during the first quarter of 2024, as we ramp-up production over the next three to five years.

Through our ADMA BioCenters subsidiary, we currently operate FDA-licensed source plasma collection facilities in the U.S. This business unit, which we refer to as our Plasma Collection Centers business segment, provides us with a portion of our blood plasma for the manufacture of our products and product candidates, and also allows us to sell certain quantities of source plasma to customers for further manufacturing. As a part of our planned supply chain robustness initiative, we have opened three new plasma collection centers during the last fifteen months, and we now have seven plasma collection centers in various stages of approval and development, including four that are fully operational and collecting plasma. With respect to our fully operational plasma collection centers, two centers currently hold FDA licenses, a third has a Biologics License Application (“BLA”) pending an FDA decision expected in the fourth quarter of 2021, and we anticipate submitting a fourth BLA filing for our newest plasma collection center in the third quarter of 2021. In addition, one of our FDA-approved plasma collection centers also has approvals from the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (“MFDS”), as well as FDA approval to implement a Hepatitis B immunization program. After giving effect to the progress we made in 2020 and thus far in 2021 with our plasma collection network expansion, we believe we remain on track to achieve our goal of having 10 or more plasma collection centers operating in the U.S. by 2024. A typical plasma collection center, such as those operated by ADMA BioCenters, can collect approximately 30,000 to 50,000 liters of source plasma annually, which may be sold for different prices depending upon the type of plasma, quantity of purchase and market conditions at the time of sale. Plasma collected from ADMA BioCenters’ facilities that is not used to manufacture our products or product candidates is sold to third-party customers in the U.S. and in other locations outside the U.S. where we are approved under supply agreements or in the open “spot” market.

We sell plasma-derived intermediate fractions to certain customers, which are generated as part of our FDA-approved manufacturing process for IG and IVIG products. In January 2020, we announced our entry into a five-year manufacturing and supply agreement to produce and sell these intermediate by-products, which are used as the starting raw material to produce other plasma-derived biologics. In addition, from time to time we provide contract manufacturing and testing services for certain third-party clients. We also provide laboratory contracting services to certain customers and anticipate providing contract filling, labeling and packing services upon FDA approval and implementation of our in-house fill-finish capabilities.

On June 6, 2017, we completed the acquisition of certain assets (the “Biotest Assets”) of the Therapy Business Unit (“BTBU”) of Biotest Pharmaceuticals Corporation (“BPC” and, together with Biotest AG, “Biotest”), which included two FDA-licensed products, Nabi-HB and BIVIGAM, and an FDA-licensed plasma fractionation facility located in Boca Raton, FL (the “Boca Facility”) (the “Biotest Transaction”).  

Recent Developments

On April 26, 2021, we announced the opening of our fourth plasma collection facility in the U.S. Pursuant to updated FDA guidance to obtain approval for plasma collection centers, sponsors are now required to collect plasma donations for 3 months prior to submitting a BLA filing. Accordingly, we expect to file a BLA for this plasma collection facility during the third quarter of 2021. Prior to receiving FDA approval, ADMA is permitted to collect plasma donations at this site and upon receipt of FDA approval we can utilize the plasma collected for further use in our IVIG manufacturing operations or for third party sale.

On April 28, 2021, we announced that the FDA has granted approval for our expanded plasma pool production scale process, allowing for a 4,400-liter plasma pool for the manufacture of our BIVIGAM IVIG product. We expect this increased IVIG plasma pool scale, which will allow us to produce BIVIGAM at an expanded capacity, will utilize the same equipment, release testing assays and labor force, and to have a favorable impact on our gross margins and operating results, potentially beginning in the fourth quarter of 2021.

Effective as of May 12, 2021, we entered into a Second Amendment to our Plasma Purchase Agreement  with Grifols Worldwide Operations Limited (“Grifols”) whereby, among other provisions, we extended the term of our supply agreement for the purchase of normal source plasma (“NSP”) through December 31, 2022, while certain historical provisions were deleted. In order to maintain a reliable supply of raw material plasma thereafter, we are in late-stage discussions with multiple third-party plasma suppliers to provide us with a long-term supply of NSP, which will be supplemented by our accelerated plasma center expansion activities, whereby we expect to have more than 10 plasma collection centers in operation by 2024.  We expect these initiatives will ensure the raw material plasma supply necessary to meet our anticipated peak annual plasma processing capability of up to 600,000 liters.

Our Products

BIVIGAM

BIVIGAM is a plasma-derived IVIG that contains a broad range of antibodies similar to those found in normal human plasma. These antibodies are directed against bacteria and viruses, and help to protect PI patients against serious infections. BIVIGAM is a purified, sterile, ready-to-use preparation of concentrated human Immunoglobulin G antibodies indicated for the treatment of PI, a group of genetic disorders. This includes, but is not limited to, the humoral immune defect in common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, congenital agammaglobulinemia, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and severe combined immunodeficiency. These PIs are a group of genetic disorders. Based on recent estimates, these disorders are no longer considered to be very rare, with as many as one in every 1,200 people in the United States having some form of PI.

On May 9, 2019, the FDA approved the Prior Approval Supplement (the “PAS”) for the use of our IVIG manufacturing process, thereby enabling us to re-launch and commercialize this product in the United States. We resumed production of BIVIGAM during the fourth quarter of 2017 and commercial production is ongoing, using our FDA-approved IVIG manufacturing process under U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) License No. 2019. The commercial re-launch and first commercial sales for this product commenced in August of 2019.

On April 28, 2021, we announced that the FDA has granted approval for our expanded plasma pool production scale process, allowing for a 4,400-liter plasma pool for the manufacture of our BIVIGAM IVIG product. We expect this increased IVIG plasma pool scale, which will allow us to produce BIVIGAM at an expanded capacity, will utilize the same equipment, release testing assays and labor force, and to have a favorable impact on our gross margins and operating results, potentially beginning in the fourth quarter of 2021.

ASCENIV

ASCENIV is a plasma-derived IVIG that contains naturally occurring polyclonal antibodies, which are proteins that are used by the body’s immune system to neutralize microbes, such as bacteria and viruses, and prevent against infection and disease. We manufacture ASCENIV under HHS License No. 2019 using a process known as fractionation. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) has issued a permanent, product-specific-J-code for ASCENIV.  Under the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (“HCPCS”), the J-code (J1554) became effective April 1, 2021. As part of our proprietary manufacturing process for ASCENIV, we leverage our unique, patented plasma donor screening methodology and tailored plasma pooling design, which blends normal source plasma and plasma from donors tested to have high levels of neutralizing antibody titers to respiratory syncytial virus (“RSV”) using our proprietary microneutralization testing assay. We are able to identify the high titer or “hyperimmune” plasma that meets our internal and required specifications for ASCENIV with our patented testing methods and assay. This type of high titer plasma is typically found in less than 10% of the total donor collection samples we test.

ASCENIV is approved for the treatment of Primary Immune Deficiency Disorder (“PIDD”), a class of inherited genetic disorders that causes a deficient or absent immune system in adults and adolescents (12 to 17 years of age). Our pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial in 59 PIDD patients met the primary endpoint of no Serious Bacterial Infections reported during 12 months of treatment. Secondary efficacy endpoints further demonstrated the benefits of ASCENIV in the low incidence of infection, therapeutic antibiotic use, days missed from work/school/daycare and unscheduled medical visits and hospitalizations. We believe this clinical data together with the FDA approval for the treatment of PIDD better positions ADMA to further evaluate ASCENIV in immune-compromised patients infected with or at-risk for RSV infection or potentially other respiratory viral pathogens. We plan to work with the FDA and the immunology and infectious disease community to design a clinical trial to evaluate the use of ASCENIV in this patient population in the near future. Commercial sales of ASCENIV commenced in October of 2019.

Nabi-HB

Nabi-HB is a hyperimmune globulin that is rich in antibodies to the Hepatitis B virus. Nabi-HB is a purified human polyclonal antibody product collected from plasma donors who have been previously vaccinated with a Hepatitis B vaccine. Nabi-HB is indicated for the treatment of acute exposure to blood containing HBsAg, prenatal exposure of infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers, sexual exposure to HBsAg-positive persons and household exposure to persons with acute Hepatitis B virus infection in specific, listed settings. Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus. It is a major global health problem. It can cause chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Nabi-HB has a well-documented record of long-term safety and effectiveness since its initial market introduction. The FDA approved Nabi-HB on March 24, 1999.  Production of Nabi-HB at the Boca Facility has continued under our leadership since the third quarter of 2017. In early 2018, we received authorization from the FDA for the release of our first commercial batch of Nabi-HB for commercial distribution in the U.S. and we continue to manufacture Nabi-HB under HHS License No. 2019.

IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 CRISIS

We continue to closely monitor ongoing developments in connection with the COVID-19 global pandemic and its impacts to our commercial and manufacturing operations and plasma collection facilities, including but not limited to potential disruptions to our supply chain operations, including collections of source plasma, procurement of raw materials and packaging materials, a portion of which are sourced internationally, and testing of finished drug product that is required prior to its availability for commercial sale.  Such testing has historically been performed by contract laboratories outside the United States. In addition, travel and other restrictions that have been implemented in the United States have impacted our commercial engagement efforts with respect to some of our products, including BIVIGAM and ASCENIV, as trade shows, industry and medical conferences and other events we had been planning to utilize and exhibit and attend with our staff to increase awareness of our products by physicians and payers remain subject to reduction in scope, rescheduling or outright cancellation due to the pandemic.  

We have experienced some delays with our third-party vendors and testing laboratories which perform final drug product GMP release testing. In response to these delays, we have added additional release testing laboratories to our FDA approved consortium listed in our drug approval documents which we believe has adequately addressed this issue. In July 2020, we began receiving FDA lot releases with testing data from our new testing laboratory vendor. In addition, due to a combination of previous state and local “shelter-in-place” orders, as well as government stimulus packages, persisting social distancing measures and varying roll-outs of vaccinations by state, we have been experiencing lower than normal donor collections at our FDA-approved plasma collection centers. We were also subject to delays in shipments of source plasma from our contracted third-party suppliers, as well as delays in deliveries for personal protective equipment, reagents and other non-plasma raw materials and supplies used in the manufacture and distribution of our products. We are also subject to supply chain delays as a result of certain of our suppliers diverting significant resources towards the rapid development and distribution of COVID 19 vaccines. In addition, we have also experienced challenges with respect to our customer engagement initiatives, as our sales and medical affairs field forces face difficulties communicating directly with physicians and other healthcare professionals and the cancellation or postponement of a number of key scientific and medical conferences, further limiting our ability to communicate with potential customers.  We have implemented a comprehensive suite of virtual engagement initiatives, though clinician engagement remains lower due to continuing COVID-19-related priorities at U.S. medical centers. 

The pandemic could further impact our ability to interact with the FDA or other regulatory authorities and may result in delays in the conduct of inspections or review of pending applications or submissions.  During the second quarter of 2021, we were notified by the FDA that our submission for the approval of our in-house fill-finish process utilizing our Vanrx SA25 Workcell aseptic filling machine will require a site inspection, either in person or virtually. Taking into account ongoing travel restrictions resulting from the pandemic, we believe the inspection could be completed before the end of the fourth quarter of 2021, however we cannot provide any assurances as to the timing of such an inspection or the timing as to when the FDA may adjust its restrictions due to COVID-19.

As of the date of this report, we do not believe that the operations and immunoglobulin and plasma products production at our Boca Facility, our contract fill/finishers or our plasma collection facilities have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, as of the date of this report, we have not experienced, and currently do not anticipate, any material impairments with respect to any of our long-lived assets, including our property and equipment, goodwill or intangible assets.  

Although the COVID-19 pandemic has not, to date, materially adversely impacted our capital and financial resources, due to the economic uncertainty that has resulted from the pandemic, and the potential impact of such to our stakeholders, we are unable to predict with certainty any potential impacts to our business. Although we believe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and our operations will be temporary, at the present time we are unable to determine the ultimate duration of the pandemic or its long-term effects on, among other things, the global, national or local economies, the capital and credit markets, our workforce, our customers or our suppliers.  As a result, we are unable to predict whether the COVID-19 crisis will have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate these estimates and assumptions, including those described below. We base our estimates on our historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates and assumptions form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results and experiences may differ materially from these estimates. Significant estimates include the realizable value of accounts receivable, valuation of inventory, assumptions used in projecting future liquidity and capital requirements, assumptions used in the fair value of awards granted under our equity incentive plans and warrants issued in connection with the issuance of notes payable and the valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets.

Some of the estimates and assumptions we have to make under U.S. GAAP require difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and, as a result, actual results could differ from those estimates. Due to the estimation processes involved, the following summary of accounting policies and their application are considered to be critical to understanding our business operations, financial condition and results of operations. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and our other accounting policies, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are comprised of (i) revenues from the sale of our FDA-approved immunoglobulin products, (ii) product revenues from the sale of human plasma collected from our Plasma Collection Centers business segment, (iii) product revenues from the sale of intermediate fractions, (iv) contract manufacturing and testing revenue from certain clients, and (v) license revenues attributable to the out-licensing of ASCENIV in December 2012 to Biotest AG (“Biotest”) to market and sell this product in Europe and selected countries in North Africa and the Middle East. Biotest has provided us with certain services and financial payments in accordance with the related Biotest license agreement and is obligated to pay us certain amounts in the future if certain milestones are achieved. Deferred revenue is amortized into income over the term of the Biotest license, representing a period of approximately 22 years.

Product revenue is recognized when the customer is deemed to have control over the product. Control is determined based on when the product is shipped or delivered and title passes to the customer. Revenue is recorded in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange. Revenue from the sale of immunoglobulin products is generally recognized when the product reaches the customer’s destination, and is recorded net of distributor fees, estimated rebates, price protection arrangements and customer incentives, including prompt pay discounts, wholesaler chargebacks and other wholesaler fees. These estimates are based on historical experience and certain other assumptions, and we believe that such estimates are reasonable. For revenues associated with sales of our intermediates or contract manufacturing, control transfers to the customer and the performance obligation is satisfied when the customer takes possession of the product from the Boca Facility or a third-party warehouse that is utilized by the Company.    

Product revenues from the sale of human plasma collected at our plasma collection centers are recognized at the time control of the product has been transferred to the customer, which generally occurs at the time of shipment. Product revenues are recognized at the time of delivery if we retain control of the product during shipment. Payments received from customers where the foregoing revenue recognition criteria have not been satisfied are recorded as deferred revenue, which is reflected as a liability in our consolidated balance sheets.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, five customers, BioCARE, Inc. (“BioCare”), Biolife Plasma Services, L.P. (“Biolife”), Reliance Life Sciences Pvt Limited (“Reliance”), Priority Healthcare Distribution, Inc. (“Curascript”) and 1^st America Infusion Services LLC (“AIS”) represented an aggregate of 86% of our consolidated revenues. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, BioCare, Biolife and Reliance represented an aggregate of 82% of our consolidated revenues.   

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are reported at realizable value, net of allowances for contractual credits and doubtful accounts, which are recognized in the period the related revenue is recorded. We extend credit to our customers based upon an evaluation of each customer's financial condition and credit history. Evaluations of the financial condition and associated credit risk of customers are performed on an ongoing basis. Based on these evaluations, we have concluded that our credit risk is minimal.  

Cost of Product Revenue

Cost of product revenue includes costs associated with the manufacture of the Company’s FDA approved products, intermediates and the sale of human source plasma, as well as expenses related to conformance batch production, process development and scientific and technical operations when these operations are attributable to marketed products. When the activities of these operations are attributable to new products in development, the expenses are classified as research and development expenses.  

As a manufacturer of biological products, we are subject to the risks inherent in biological production, which could include normal course losses and failures inherent in the manufacturing process. As our biologics production levels increase there may be normal course inventory losses as we ensure product quality and compliance with FDA, state and local regulations, or due to testing results not meeting specifications. Such losses are charged to cost of product revenue in the period they are incurred.  

Stock-Based Compensation

All equity-based payments, including grants of stock options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are recognized at their estimated fair value at the grant date, and compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the grantee’s requisite vesting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we granted RSUs to certain members of our management and employees representing an aggregate 492,744 shares of common stock, and during the three months ended March 31, 2020, we granted RSUs to members of our Board of Directors and certain members of our management and employees representing an aggregate of 341,000 shares of common stock. For the purpose of valuing stock options granted to our employees, directors and officers, we use the Black-Scholes option pricing model. We granted options to purchase an aggregate of 1,441,050 and 1,158,900 shares of common stock to management, employees and directors during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. To determine the risk-free interest rate, we utilized the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant with a term consistent with the expected term of our awards. The expected term of the options granted is in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletins 107 and 110, and is based on the average between vesting terms and contractual terms. The expected dividend yield reflects our current and expected future policy for dividends on our common stock. The expected stock price volatility for our stock options was calculated by examining the historical volatility of our common stock since our common stock became publicly traded in the fourth quarter of 2013. We will continue to analyze the expected stock price volatility and expected term assumptions and will adjust our Black-Scholes option pricing assumptions as appropriate. In accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), we have elected not to establish a forfeiture rate, as stock-based compensation expense related to forfeitures of unvested stock options is fully reversed at the time of forfeiture.

Research and Development Expenses

Our research and development (“R&D”) costs consist of clinical research organization costs, costs related to clinical trials, testing and evaluation of new or alternative products or processes, studies for potentially extending a product’s approved  and labeled expiration dating and other potential label expansions, post-marketing commitment studies for BIVIGAM and ASCENIV and wages, benefits and stock-based compensation for employees directly related to research and development activities. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred. 

Inventories

Raw materials inventory consists of various materials purchased from suppliers, including normal source plasma, that are used in the production of our products.  Work-in-process and finished goods inventories reflect the cost of raw materials as well as costs for direct and indirect labor, primarily salaries, wages and benefits for applicable employees, as well as an allocation of overhead costs related to the Boca Facility including utilities, property taxes, general repairs and maintenance, consumable supplies and depreciation. The allocation of Boca Facility overhead to inventory is generally based upon the estimated square footage of the Boca Facility that is used in the production of our products relative to the total square footage of the facility. 

Inventories, including plasma intended for resale and plasma intended for internal use in the Company’s manufacturing, commercialization or research and development activities, are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value determined by the first-in, first-out method.  Net realizable value is generally determined based upon the consideration we expect to receive when the inventory is sold, less costs to deliver the inventory to the recipient. The estimates for net realizable value of inventory are based on contractual terms or upon historical experience and certain other assumptions which we believe are reasonable. Inventory is periodically reviewed to ensure that its carrying value does not exceed its net realizable value, and adjustments are recorded to write down such inventory, with a corresponding charge to cost of product revenue, when the carrying value or historical cost exceeds its estimated net realizable value.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We assess the recoverability of our long-lived assets, which include property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets, whenever significant events or changes in circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. If indicators of impairment exist, projected future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset are compared to its carrying amount to determine whether the asset’s carrying value is recoverable. Any resulting impairment is recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset in excess of fair value and a charge to operating results. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we determined that there was no impairment of our long-lived assets.

Goodwill is not amortized, but is assessed for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. We have the option to perform a qualitative assessment of goodwill to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit associated with the goodwill is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill and other intangible assets. If we conclude that this is the case, then we must perform a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value.  An impairment charge is recorded to the extent the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, with the impairment loss recognized not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.  We did not recognize any impairment charges related to goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires financial assets to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, with an allowance for credit losses to be deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset such that the net carrying value of the asset is presented as the amount expected to be collected. Under ASU 2016-13, the entity’s statement of operations is required to reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as expected increases or decreases in expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. For public business entities, ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019.  We adopted ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, and the adoption of this update did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

The following table presents a summary of the changes in our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021, our first fiscal quarter, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020:

Revenues

We recorded total revenues of $16.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $10.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020, an increase of $5.8 million, or approximately 57%. The increase is due to increased sales of our immunoglobulin products generated by our Boca Facility manufacturing operations in 2021.

Our revenues for the first quarter of 2021 as compared to the same period of a year ago were favorably impacted by the continued commercial scale-up and physician/payer acceptance of BIVIGAM and ASCENIV following these products’ FDA approvals on May 9, 2019 and April 1, 2019, respectively, while we continued to benefit from the manufacturing and supply agreement we entered into in January 2020 to produce and sell intermediate fractions to a certain customer. Revenues in the first quarter of 2021 were also favorably impacted by the approvals we received from the FDA to implement a Hepatitis B immunization program at one of our FDA-approved plasma collection centers and from MFDS for the sale of source plasma into South Korea.

Cost of Product Revenue

Cost of product revenue was $17.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $16.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. This increase reflects higher product revenue costs in 2021 of $4.6 million corresponding to the increase in immunoglobulin revenues, partially offset by the absence of conformance batch production expenses in 2020 of $3.9 million and a decrease in unabsorbed manufacturing expenses at the Boca Facility of $0.6 million. As we continue to ramp up our immunoglobulin production at an increased production scale, we anticipate further reductions in unabsorbed manufacturing expenses in 2021 and beyond.     

Research and Development Expenses

R&D expenses totaled $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The decrease is primarily due to $0.4 million in costs incurred during the first quarter of 2020 for a study we conducted to potentially extend ASCENIV’s approved and labeled expiration dating, and to a $0.1 million decrease in expenses related to clinical studies in 2021.   

Plasma Center Operating Expenses