Ducommun (DCO) 10-Q2020 Q3 Quarterly report

Certain amounts and disclosures included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements require management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts of assets, liabilities (including forward loss reserves), revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Assets and liabilities that are measured, recorded or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized using the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine the fair value. Level 1, the highest level, refers to the values determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant observable inputs. Level 3, the lowest level, includes fair values estimated using significant unobservable inputs.

We have money market funds and they are included as cash and cash equivalents. We also had interest rate cap hedge agreements for which the fair value of the interest rate cap hedge agreements was determined using pricing models that use observable market inputs as of the balance sheet date, a Level 2 measurement, however, those agreements expired during our second quarter of 2020.

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid instruments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. These assets are valued at cost, which approximates fair value, which we classify as Level 1. See Fair Value above.

In May 2020, management approved and commenced a restructuring plan in the Structural Systems segment mainly to reduce headcount in response to the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic on the commercial aerospace demand outlook. We recorded an aggregate total of $1.1 million and $1.8 million for severance and benefit costs which were charged to restructuring charges during the three and nine months ended September 26, 2020, respectively.

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, as reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets under the equity section, was comprised of cumulative pension and retirement liability adjustments, net of tax, and change in net unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax.

Our customers typically engage us to manufacture products based on designs and specifications provided by the end-use customer. This requires the building of tooling and manufacturing first article inspection products (prototypes) before volume manufacturing. Contracts with our customers generally include a termination for convenience clause.

We have a significant number of contracts that are started and completed within the same year, as well as contracts derived from long-term agreements and programs that can span several years. We recognize revenue when control of the promised goods is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods. We apply a five-step approach in determining the amount and timing of revenue to be recognized: (1) identifying the contract with a customer; (2) identifying the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determining the transaction price; (4) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognizing revenue when or as the corresponding performance obligation is satisfied.

Each distinct promise to transfer products is considered an identified performance obligation for which revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of the products to our customer. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual good is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contract and is, therefore, not distinct. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied.

Orders for our products generally correspond to the production schedules of our customers and are supported with purchase orders with firm fixed price and firm delivery dates. Our customers have continuous control of the work-in-process and finished goods throughout the manufacturing process, as products are built to customer specifications with no alternative use, and there is an enforceable right to payment for work performed to date. As a result, we recognize revenue over time based on the extent of progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation. The majority of our contracts are production-type contracts for which we have significant historical manufacturing experience. From time to time, we may enter into development type contracts which require more judgment to determine our total estimated costs at completion, including estimates of materials and labor costs to complete the contract. Revenue recognized is based on the cost-to-cost method as it best depicts the transfer of control to our customer which takes place as we incur costs. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred.

We also have some contracts where we recognize revenue at a point in time upon transfer of control of the products to the customer. Point in time recognition was determined as the customer does not simultaneously receive or consume the benefits provided by our performance and the asset being manufactured has alternative uses to us.

Our manufacturing costs include materials, labor, and overhead. A component of materials costs is production cost of contracts. Production cost of contracts includes non-recurring production costs, such as design and engineering costs, and tooling and other special-purpose machinery necessary to build parts as specified in a contract. Production costs of contracts are recorded to cost of sales using the over time revenue recognition model. We review the value of the production cost of contracts on a quarterly basis to ensure when added to the estimated cost to complete, the value is not greater than the estimated realizable value of the related contracts.

As a significant change in estimated costs at completion could affect the estimated gross profit recorded for our contracts, we review and update our estimated costs at completion on a regular basis. We recognize adjustments in estimated gross profit on contracts under the cumulative catch-up method. Under this method, the impact of the adjustment on gross profit recorded to date is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance is recognized using the adjusted estimate. If at any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, we recognize the total loss in the period it is identified. The impact of adjustments in contract estimates on our operating earnings can be reflected in either operating costs and expenses or revenue. Net cumulative catch up adjustments on gross profit recorded were not material for both the three and nine months ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019.

Payments under long-term contracts may be received before or after revenue is recognized. When revenue is recognized before we bill our customer, a contract asset is created for the work performed but not yet billed. Similarly, when we receive payment before we ship our products to our customer, a contract liability is created for the advance or progress payment.

Contract assets consist of our right to payment for work performed but not yet billed. Contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable when we bill our customers. We bill our customers when we ship the products and meet the shipping terms within the revenue contract. Contract liabilities consist of advance or progress payments received from our customers prior to the time transfer of control occurs plus the estimated losses on contracts.

In October 2019, we acquired 100.0% of the outstanding equity interests of Nobles Parent Inc., the parent company of Nobles Worldwide, Inc. (“Nobles”), a privately-held global leader in the design and manufacturing of high performance ammunition handling systems for a wide range of military platforms including fixed-wing aircraft, rotary-wing aircraft, ground vehicles, and shipboard systems. Nobles is located in St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin. The acquisition of Nobles advances our strategy to diversify and offer more customized, value-driven engineered products with aftermarket opportunities.

The original purchase price for Nobles was $77.0 million, net of cash acquired, all payable in cash. We paid a gross total aggregate of $77.3 million in cash upon the closing of the transaction. Subsequent to the closing of the transaction, during the three months ended March 28, 2020, we received $0.2 million back from the seller which lowered the purchase price to $76.8 million, net of cash acquired. We allocated the final gross purchase price of $77.1 million to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values of the net assets was recorded as goodwill.

The following table summarizes the final estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition (in thousands):

The goodwill of $34.9 million arising from the acquisition is attributable to the benefits we expect to derive from expected synergies from the transaction, including complementary products that will enhance our overall product portfolio, opportunities within new markets, and an acquired assembled workforce. All the goodwill was assigned to the Structural Systems segment. The Nobles acquisition, for tax purposes, is also deemed a stock acquisition and thus, the goodwill recognized is not deductible for income tax purposes except for $6.7 million of pre-acquisition goodwill that is tax deductible.

Acquisition related transaction costs were not included as components of consideration transferred but have been expensed as incurred. Total acquisition-related transaction costs incurred by us were $0.8 million during 2019 and charged to selling, general and administrative expenses.

Nobles’ results of operations have been included in our condensed consolidated statements of income since the date of acquisition as part of the Structural Systems segment. Pro forma results of operations of the Nobles acquisition have not been presented as the effect of the Nobles acquisition was not material to our financial results.

Inventories consisted of the following:

We perform our annual goodwill impairment test as of the first day of the fourth quarter. If certain factors occur, including significant under performance of our business relative to expected operating results, significant adverse economic and industry trends, significant decline in our market capitalization for an extended period of time relative to net book value, a decision to divest individual businesses within a reporting unit, or a decision to group individual businesses differently, we may perform an impairment test prior to the fourth quarter.

Our business has been negatively impacted during the nine months ended September 26, 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we assessed our goodwill for potential impairment indicators. The most recent Step 1 goodwill impairment test for our Electronic Systems reporting unit was the annual goodwill impairment test as of the first day of the fourth quarter of 2019 where the fair value of our Electronic Systems reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by 44%. The most recent Step 1 goodwill impairment test for our Structural Systems reporting unit was April 2019, where the fair value of our Structural Systems reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by 85%. For our annual goodwill impairment test of our Structural Systems reporting unit as of the first day of the fourth quarter of 2019, we used a qualitative assessment and determined it was not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. During the first quarter of 2020, we performed qualitative assessments of our reporting units including consideration of 1) margin of passing most recent annual goodwill impairment test or Step 1 analysis, 2) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, 3) long-term growth rate, 4) analyzing material adverse factors/changes between valuation dates, 5) general macroeconomic factors, and 6) industry and market conditions. We determined for the first quarter of 2020 it was not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units were less than their carrying amounts and thus, goodwill was not deemed impaired. For the third quarter of 2020, no material adverse factors/changes have occurred since the first quarter of 2020 that would require us to perform another qualitative assessment. As such, for the third quarter of 2020, it was also not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units were less than their carrying amounts and thus, the respective goodwill amounts were not deemed impaired.

We acquired Nobles in October 2019 and recorded goodwill of $34.9 million in our Structural Systems segment. See Note 2.

The carrying amounts of our goodwill were as follows:

The components of accrued and other liabilities were as follows:

Long-term debt and the current period interest rates were as follows:

The New Term Loan bears interest, at our option, at a rate equal to either (i) the Eurodollar Rate (defined as the London Interbank Offered Rate [“LIBOR”] plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50% per year) or (ii) the Base Rate (defined as the highest of [a] Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, [b] Bank of America’s prime rate, and [c] the Eurodollar Rate plus 1.00%) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50% per year, in each case based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio, typically payable quarterly. In addition, the New Term Loan requires installment payments of 1.25% of the original outstanding principal balance of the New Term Loan amount on a quarterly basis, on the last day of each calendar quarter. For the three and nine months ended September 26, 2020, we made the required quarterly payments totaling $1.8 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

The New Revolving Credit Facility bears interest, at our option, at a rate equal to either (i) the Eurodollar Rate (defined as LIBOR) plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50% per year or (ii) the Base Rate (defined as the highest of [a] Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, [b] Bank of America’s prime rate, and [c] the Eurodollar Rate plus 1.00%) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50% per year, in each case based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio, typically payable quarterly. The undrawn portion of the commitment of the New Revolving Credit Facility is subject to a commitment fee ranging from 0.175% to 0.275%, based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio.

The 2018 Term Loan bears interest, at our option, at a rate equal to either (i) the Eurodollar Rate (defined as LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 3.75% to 4.00% per year) or (ii) the Base Rate (defined as the highest of [a] Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, [b] Bank of America’s prime rate, and [c] the Eurodollar Rate plus 1.00%) plus an applicable margin ranging from 3.75% to 4.00% per year, in each case based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio, typically payable quarterly.

In addition, the 2018 Term Loan requires installment payments of 0.25% of the outstanding principal balance of the 2018 Term Loan amount on a quarterly basis.

Further, under the Credit Facilities, if we meet the annual excess cash flow threshold, we will be required to make excess flow payments. The annual mandatory excess cash flow payments will be based on (i) 50% of the excess cash flow amount if the adjusted leverage ratio is greater than 3.25 to 1.0, (ii) 25% of the excess cash flow amount if the adjusted leverage ratio is less than or equal to 3.25 to 1.0 but greater than 2.50 to 1.0, and (iii) zero percent of the excess cash flow amount if the adjusted leverage ratio is less than or equal to 2.50 to 1.0. During our first quarter of 2020, we made the required 2019 annual excess cash flow payment of $7.4 million. As of September 26, 2020, we were in compliance with all covenants required under the Credit Facilities.

During the three and nine months ended September 26, 2020, as a result of drawing down $50.0 million on the New Revolving Credit Facility during our first quarter of 2020 to hold as cash, we made no net aggregate voluntary prepayments.

In conjunction with entering into the New Revolving Credit Facility and the New Term Loan, we drew down the entire $140.0 million on the New Term Loan and used those proceeds to pay off and close the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility of $58.5 million, pay down a portion of the 2018 Term Loan of $56.0 million, pay the accrued interest associated with the amounts being paid down on the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility and 2018 Term Loan, pay the fees related to this transaction, and the remainder will be used for general corporate expenses. The New Revolving Credit Facility does not require any principal installment payments, however, the undrawn portion is subject to a commitment fee ranging from 0.175% to 0.275%, based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio. The New Term Loan requires installment payments of 1.25% of the initial principal balance outstanding on a quarterly basis. The $56.0 million pay down paid all the required quarterly principal installment payments on the 2018 Term Loan until it matures.

The New Term Loan and 2018 Term Loan were considered a modification of debt and thus, no gain or loss was recorded. Instead, the new fees paid to the lenders of $0.6 million were capitalized and are being amortized over the life of the New Term Loan. The remaining debt issuance costs related to the 2018 Term Loan of $1.5 million will continue to be amortized over its remaining life.

The New Revolving Credit Facility that replaced the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility was considered an extinguishment of debt except for the portion related to the creditors that were part of both the New Revolving Credit Facility and the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility and in which case, it was considered a modification of debt. As a result, we expensed the portion of the unamortized debt issuance costs related to the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility that was considered an extinguishment of debt of $0.5 million. In addition, the new fees paid to the lenders of $0.5 million as part of the New Revolving Credit Facility were capitalized and are being amortized over its remaining life. Further, the remaining debt issuance costs related to the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility of $1.1 million will also be amortized over its remaining life.

In October 2019, we acquired 100.0% of the outstanding equity interests of Nobles for an original purchase price of $77.0 million, net of cash acquired, all payable in cash. Upon the closing of the transaction, we paid a gross total aggregate of $77.3 million in cash by drawing down on the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility. See Note 2.

As of September 26, 2020, we had $49.8 million of unused borrowing capacity under the New Revolving Credit Facility, after deducting $0.2 million for standby letters of credit.

The Credit Facilities were entered into by us (“Parent Company”) and guaranteed by all of our domestic subsidiaries, other than 2 subsidiaries that were considered minor (“Subsidiary Guarantors”). The Subsidiary Guarantors jointly and severally guarantee the Credit Facilities. The Parent Company has no independent assets or operations and therefore, no consolidating financial information for the Parent Company and its subsidiaries are presented.

We have made guarantees and indemnities under which we may be required to make payments to a guaranteed or indemnified party, in relation to certain transactions, including revenue transactions in the ordinary course of business. In connection with certain facility leases, we have indemnified our lessors for certain claims arising from our use of the facility under our lease. We indemnify our directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted under the laws of the State of Delaware.

However, we have a directors and officers insurance policy that may reduce our exposure in certain circumstances and may enable us to recover a portion of future amounts that may be payable, if any. The duration of the guarantees and indemnities vary and, in many cases, are subject to statutes of limitations. The majority of guarantees and indemnities do not provide any limitations of the maximum potential future payments we could be obligated to make. Historically, payments related to these guarantees and indemnities have been immaterial. We estimate the amount of our indemnification obligations as insignificant based on this history and our insurance coverage and therefore, have not recorded any liability for these guarantees and indemnities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Further, when considered with our insurance coverage, although recorded through different captions on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, the potential impact is further mitigated.

We record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. When we establish or reduce our valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period when that determination is made.

We recorded income tax expense of $0.8 million for the three months ended September 26, 2020 compared to $1.9 million for the three months ended September 28, 2019. The decrease in income tax expense for the third quarter of 2020 compared to the third quarter of 2019 was primarily due to lower pre-tax income for the third quarter of 2020 compared to the third quarter of 2019 and higher discrete tax benefits recognized in the third quarter of 2020 mainly related to the U.S. Federal research and development tax credit.

We recorded income tax expense of $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 26, 2020 compared to $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 28, 2019. The decrease in income tax expense for the first nine months of 2020 compared to the first nine months of 2019 was primarily due to lower pre-tax income for the first nine months ended of 2020 compared to the first nine months ended of 2019 and higher discrete tax benefits recognized in the third quarter of 2020. The higher discrete tax benefits recognized were mainly related to the U.S. Federal research and development tax credit, partially offset by lower discrete tax benefits related to net windfalls from stock-based compensation.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) that provides tax relief to individuals and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. We considered the provisions of the CARES Act and determined they do not have a material impact to our income taxes.

Our total amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $5.9 million and $5.7 million as of September 26, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. If recognized, $4.3 million would affect the effective tax rate. As a result of the statute of limitations set to expire in the fourth quarter of 2020, we expect decreases to our unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $2.0 million in the next twelve months.

Structural Systems also faces liability as a potentially responsible party for hazardous waste disposed at landfills located in Casmalia and West Covina, California. Structural Systems and other companies and government entities have entered into consent decrees with respect to these landfills with the United States Environmental Protection Agency and/or California environmental agencies under which certain investigation, remediation and maintenance activities are being performed. Based on currently available information, we preliminarily estimate that the range of its future liabilities in connection with the landfill located in West Covina, California is between $0.4 million and $3.1 million. We have established an accrual for its estimated liability in connection with the West Covina landfill of $0.4 million at September 26, 2020, which is reflected in other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our ultimate liability in connection with these matters will depend upon a number of factors, including changes in existing laws and regulations, the design and cost of construction, operation and maintenance activities, and the allocation of liability among potentially responsible parties.

On June 29, 2020, a fire severely damaged our performance center in Guaymas, Mexico, which is part of our Structural Systems segment. There were no injuries, however, property and equipment, inventories, and tooling in this leased facility were damaged. Our Guaymas performance center is comprised of 2 buildings with an aggregate total of 62,000 square feet. The loss of production from the Guaymas performance center is being absorbed by our other existing performance centers. A neighboring, non-related manufacturing facility, also suffered fire damage during the same time as the fire that severely damaged our Guaymas performance center. The cause of the fire is still undetermined and as such, there is no amount of loss that is probable and reasonably estimable at this time.

Our insurance covers damage to the facility, equipment, unfinished inventory, and other assets at replacement cost, finished goods inventory at selling price, as well as business interruption, third party property damage, and recovery related expenses caused by the fire, less our per claim deductible. The anticipated insurance recoveries related to losses and incremental costs incurred are recognized when receipt is probable. The anticipated insurance recoveries in excess of net book value of the damaged operating assets and business interruption will not be recorded until all contingencies related to our claim have been resolved. During the three months ended September 26, 2020, $0.8 million of revenue and $0.5 million of related cost of sales were reversed for revenue previously recognized using the over time method as the revenue recognition process for these items were deemed to be interrupted as a result of these inventory items being damaged. Also during the three months ended September 26, 2020, we wrote off property and equipment and tooling with an aggregate total net book value of $6.8 million and inventory on hand of $3.4 million that were damaged by the fire. The related anticipated insurance recoveries were also

presented within the same financial statement line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income resulting in no net impact, with the anticipated insurance recoveries receivable included as part of other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of September 26, 2020, $5.0 million of general insurance recoveries have been received to date. The timing of and the remaining amounts of insurance recoveries, including for business interruption, are not known at this time.

In the normal course of business, Ducommun and its subsidiaries are defendants in certain other litigation, claims and inquiries, including matters relating to environmental laws. In addition, Ducommun makes various commitments and incurs contingent liabilities in the ordinary course of business. While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of these matters, Ducommun does not presently expect that any sum it may be required to pay in connection with these matters would have a material adverse effect on its condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Ducommun Incorporated (“Ducommun,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is a leading global provider of engineering and manufacturing services for high-performance products and high-cost-of failure applications used primarily in the aerospace and defense (“A&D”), industrial, medical and other industries (collectively, “Industrial”). We differentiate ourselves as a full-service solution-based provider, offering a wide range of value-added products and services in our primary businesses of electronics, structures and integrated solutions. We operate through two primary business segments: Electronic Systems and Structural Systems, each of which is a reportable segment.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on our overall business during the three and nine months ended September 26, 2020. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, precautionary measures were instituted by governments and businesses to mitigate its spread, including the imposition of travel restrictions, quarantines, shelter in place directives, and shutting down of non-essential businesses.

We have made the safety of our workforce our top priority by implementing numerous well-being protocols related to health and welfare at all of our facilities. Safety protocols consistent with guidelines provided by state and local governments and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”) have been put into practice, including social distancing, provision of personal protective equipment, enhanced cleaning, and flexible work arrangements wherever possible. We have also offered enhanced leave and benefits to our employees and provide frequent updates to ensure our workforce is kept apprised of evolving regulations and safety measures.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) which provides tax relief to individuals and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. We have not requested or accepted any loans or payments that are available under the CARES Act, however, we have utilized the option to defer payment of the employer portion of payroll taxes (Social Security) that would otherwise be required to be made during the period beginning March 27, 2020 to December 31, 2020. One half of the deferred amount is required to be paid by December 31, 2021, with the remaining 50% to be paid by December 31, 2022. As of September 26, 2020, we have deferred $4.0 million and is included as part of other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The COVID-19 pandemic has and continues to contribute to a general slowdown in the global economy and specifically, the commercial aerospace end-use market. While the full extent and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be reasonably estimated with certainty at this time, COVID-19 has had a significant impact on our business, the businesses of our customers and suppliers, as well as our results of operations and financial condition, and may have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition for the remainder of 2020 and beyond. See Risk Factors included in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”).

Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation expense, and restructuring charges (“Adjusted EBITDA”) was $21.6 million and $23.6 million for the three months ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively.

When viewed with our financial results prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and accompanying reconciliations, we believe Adjusted EBITDA provides additional useful information to clarify and enhance the understanding of the factors and trends affecting our past performance and future prospects. We define these measures, explain how they are calculated and provide reconciliations of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measure in the table below. Adjusted EBITDA and the related financial ratios, as presented in this Form 10-Q, are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. They are not a measurement of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP, or as an alternative to net cash provided by operating activities as measures of our liquidity. The presentation of these measures should not be interpreted to mean that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or nonrecurring items.

We use Adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP operating performance measures internally as complementary financial measures to evaluate the performance and trends of our businesses. We present Adjusted EBITDA and the related financial ratios, as applicable, because we believe that measures such as these provide useful information with respect to our ability to meet our operating commitments.

Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations include:

Because of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA and the related financial ratios should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business or as a measure of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations. You should compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA only as supplemental information. See our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Form 10-Q.

However, in spite of the above limitations, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to an investor in evaluating our results of operations because these measures:

The following financial items have been added back to or subtracted from our net income when calculating Adjusted EBITDA:

Reconciliations of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net revenues were as follows:

The following table sets forth net revenues, selected financial data, the effective tax rate and diluted earnings per share:

Net revenues by end-use market and operating segment during the fiscal three and nine months ended September 26, 2020 and September 28, 2019, respectively, were as follows:

A significant portion of our net revenues are from our top ten customers as follows: