MicroVision (MVIS) 10-K2023 FY Annual report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark one)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number: 001-34170

MicroVision, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

18390 NE 68th Street

Redmond, Washington 98052

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)

(425) 936-6847

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to § 240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2023 was approximately $859.3 million (based upon the closing price of $4.58 per share for the registrant’s common stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market on that date).

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of February 26, 2024 was 195,267,385.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the registrant’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2024 Proxy Statement”) are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein.

MICROVISION, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.

Preliminary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and is subject to the safe harbor created by those sections. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, projections of revenues, income or loss, capital expenditures, plans for product development and cooperative arrangements, acquisition activity and related integration efforts, technology development by third parties, future operations, financing needs or plans of MicroVision, Inc. (“we,” “our,” or “us”), as well as assumptions relating to the foregoing. The words “anticipate,” “could,” “would,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “will,” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in our forward-looking statements include risk factors identified below in Item 1A.

Overview

MicroVision, Inc. is a global developer and supplier of lidar hardware and software solutions focused primarily on automotive lidar and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) markets where we can deliver safe mobility at the speed of life. We offer a suite of light detection and ranging, or lidar, sensors and perception and validation software to automotive OEMs, for ADAS and autonomous vehicle (AV) applications, as well as to complementary markets for non-automotive applications including industrial, robotics and smart infrastructure. Our long history of developing and commercializing the core components of our lidar hardware and related software, combined with the experience of the team acquired from Ibeo Automotive Systems (Ibeo) with automotive-grade qualification, gives us a compelling advantage as a development and commercial partner.

Founded in 1993, MicroVision, Inc. is a pioneer in laser beam scanning, or LBS technology, which is based on our patented expertise in micro-electromechanical systems, or MEMS, laser diodes, opto-mechanics, electronics, algorithms and software and how those elements are packaged into a small form factor. Throughout our history, we have combined our proprietary technology with our development expertise to create innovative solutions to address existing and emerging market needs, such as augmented reality microdisplay engines; interactive display modules; consumer lidar components; and, most recently, automotive lidar sensors and software solutions for the automotive market.

In January, 2023, we acquired certain strategic assets of Germany-based Ibeo, which was founded in 1998 as a lidar hardware and software provider. Ibeo developed and launched the first lidar sensor to be automotive qualified for serial production with a Tier 1 automotive supplier and that is currently available in passenger cars by premium OEMs. Ibeo developed software solutions, including perception and validation software, which are also used by premium OEMs. In addition, Ibeo sold its products for non-automotive uses such as industrial, smart infrastructure and robotics applications.

For the automotive market, our integrated solution combines our MEMS-based dynamic-range lidar sensor and perception software, to be integrated on our custom ASIC, targeted for sale to premium automotive OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers. Our ADAS solution is intended to leverage edge computing and custom ASICs to enable our hardware and perception software to be integrated into an OEM’s ADAS stack.

In addition to our dynamic-range and long-range MAVIN sensor and perception software solution for the automotive market, our product suite includes our short-range flash-based MOVIA lidar sensor, for automotive and industrial applications, including smart infrastructure, robotics, and other commercial segments. Also, our validation software tool, the MOSAIK suite, is used by OEMs and other customers including Tier 1s for validating vehicle sensors for ADAS and AV applications. The tool includes software that automates the manual data classification or annotation process, significantly reducing the time and resources required by OEMs to validate their ADAS and AV systems.

In the recent past, we developed micro-display concepts and designs for use in head-mounted augmented reality, or AR, headsets and developed a 1440i MEMS module supporting AR headsets. We also developed an interactive display solution targeted at the smart speakers market and a small consumer lidar sensor for use indoors with smart home systems.

We completed the acquisition of assets from Ibeo Automotive Systems GmbH, which we refer to throughout this report as Ibeo, on January 31, 2023 pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 1, 2022, and amended as of January 31, 2023, by and between our wholly owned subsidiary, MicroVision GmbH organized under the laws of The Federal Republic of Germany, and Ibeo for a purchase price of EUR 15.0 million, or approximately $16.3 million, subject to potential reduction on the terms set forth in the Asset Purchase Agreement. Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, the purchase price also included advanced funds to Ibeo so that it could continue its operations while in insolvency during the period between signing and closing. Specifically, we advanced to Ibeo EUR 3.9 million, or approximately $4.1 million in December 2022; EUR 2.7 million, or approximately $3.0 million in January 2023; and EUR 0.6 million, or approximately $0.7 million in February 2023 shortly after the closing. These fund advances included amounts related to headcount reductions carried out by Ibeo management, decreasing the number of employees to transfer in connection with the acquisition to approximately 250 employees. These headcount reduction costs of approximately EUR 2.3 million, or approximately $2.5 million, were reimbursed to MicroVision by way of deduction from the purchase price in accordance with the Asset Purchase Agreement.

Although our development and productization efforts are now solely focused on our lidar sensors and related software solutions, our revenue in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 was largely derived from one customer, Microsoft Corporation, related to components that we developed for a high-definition display system. Our arrangement with this customer generated royalty income, which will not continue in future periods.

To date, we have been unable to secure customers at the scale needed to successfully launch our products. We have incurred significant losses since inception and we expect to continue to incur significant losses in the near term. We have funded our operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales and licensing activities.

MicroVision, Inc. was founded in 1993 as a Washington corporation and reincorporated in 2003 under the laws of the State of Delaware. Our headquarters is located at 18390 NE 68th Street, Redmond, Washington 98052, and our telephone number is (425) 936-6847.

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports are available free-of-charge from the investor page of our website, accessible at www.microvision.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Copies of these filings may also be obtained by visiting the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov, which contains current, quarterly and annual reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically.

Our Industry and Market Strategy

We are developing lidar sensors and perception software to address the needs of the Level 2+, or L2+, and Level 3, or L3, advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) markets to be used in automotive safety and autonomous driving applications. Our micro-electromechanical systems, or MEMS-based high-speed lidar sensors, which we call MAVIN™, use our pioneering laser beam scanning (LBS) technology. Our solution-based development approach recognizes two key realities of the L2+ and L3 markets: that safety is mission critical and that OEMs require cost efficiency and integration adaptability. With these factors in mind, we believe that our best-in-class MAVIN lidar sensors support critical safety needs by providing the highest resolution at range and velocity of moving objects with a dynamic field of view while running at 30 hertz, thus enabling ADAS features, such as automatic emergency braking, forward collision warning, and automatic emergency steering, at higher speeds of operation than most competing products.

Moreover, we tailor our solution to meet the needs of OEMs, integrating our MEMS-based lidar and edge computing to support Highway Pilot capabilities up to 130km/h, save development cost and time for OEMs with no training required for our sensor-fused output, reduce system cost by requiring fewer and cheaper sensors and reduced processing, and enable seamless integration with an OEM’s existing architecture. Our unique solution for the L2+ and L3 markets, we believe, has the potential to achieve our goal of enabling mission-critical safety systems while solving for OEMs’ cost and integration objectives.

With this customer-centric approach, our go-to-market strategy depends on building partnerships with OEMs and Tier-1 automotive suppliers, as well as with silicon companies to support our solution on their compute platforms. Although we are working to establish direct marketing and co-development relationships with OEMs, we could also derive revenue directly from Tier-1 suppliers in the form of licensing revenue.

Our Technology and Competitive Strength

We believe a significant competitive strength for us today is our long history of delivering LBS- and MEMS-based hardware and related firmware and software that meets reliability, predictability, and scalability standards of well-known OEMs and ODMs.

Core to our automotive lidar sensors, custom ASICs and perception software is proprietary technology that we have been developing, refining, productizing and protecting for nearly 30 years. Our patented LBS technology combines a MEMS scanning mirror, laser diode light sources, electronics, and optics that are controlled using our proprietary system control algorithms along with edge computing and machine learning in some systems. The MEMS scanning mirror is a key component of our technology system and is one of our core competencies. Our MEMS scanning mirror is a silicon device that oscillates in a precisely controlled closed loop pattern so that we can place a pixel of light at a precise point. This allows us to generate a projected image pixel-by-pixel for use in lidar sensing and display. Scanning modules with our technology can be designed to operate in one of three different modes: lidar sensing only, display and lidar sensing combined, and display only. We believe that our proprietary technology offers significant advantages over other lidar sensing systems and traditional displays.

Early applications of our proprietary technology included heads up displays for the U.S. military and automotive systems. The contemplated uses of our technology require incorporation of our components into the products of other companies or partners. Most recently, our technology can be found in a Microsoft heads up display product. In the past, we have worked with other global brands to incorporate our core technology into their consumer products.

The MAVIN DR, our dynamic-range automotive lidar sensor is designed to, and we believe can, meet or exceed OEM specifications, performing to 220 meters of range with an output resolution of up to 15.0 million points per second. Our hardware delivers a high point cloud density for a single-channel sensor as compared to competitive products. In addition to providing a low-latency, high-resolution point cloud at range, our sensor outputs axial, lateral, and vertical components of velocity of moving objects in the field of view at 30 hertz. This allows our solution to support a detailed understanding of the velocity of moving objects in real time, enabling fast and accurate path planning and maneuvering of the vehicle. Further, our proprietary scan locking feature ensures that our sensor is immune from interference from sunlight and from other lidar sensors.

Our Products and Revenue Strategy

Following our acquisition of assets from Ibeo, our product suite includes our MEMS-based high-speed automotive lidar sensors, perception software, flash-based automotive lidar sensor, lidar sensors for non-automotive industrial markets, and reference and validation software. We also provide engineering services in connection with these hardware and software products.

Central to our development and commercialization efforts is our MAVIN DR dynamic view lidar system targeted for sale to automotive OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers. MAVIN DR combines short-, medium- and long-range sensing and fields of view into one form factor. Dynamic range is key to enabling ADAS features at highway speeds. At speeds of up to 130 km/h (80 mph), ADAS systems need more time to make decisions and react in order to take proactive action and hence need resolution at range. Our MAVIN DR sensor produces an ultra-high-resolution point cloud showing drivable and non-drivable areas of the road ahead. With its low latency point cloud (30 hertz), we believe the MAVIN product line allows ADAS systems to respond more quickly, make split-second decisions and take action at high speeds.

Our perception software integrated with our automotive lidar hardware, and eventually ported into our digital ASIC, is also targeted for sale to automotive OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers. This perception software, included in our acquisition of assets from Ibeo, was developed in collaboration with an OEM customer and successfully passed through that OEM’s development qualification processes.

Also stemming from our acquisition of assets are our flash-based sensors, suitable for short- and mid-range use by customers in the automotive market, as well as non-automotive industrial markets. These solid-state sensors, comprising our MOVIA line of lidar sensors, are based on technology developed according to automotive-grade standards, featuring variable scan frequency, high resolution, a modular optics concept, and low power consumption. The availability of our MOVIA sensors support a revenue strategy that includes royalty revenues from automotive production, as well as sales in multiple markets including industrial, smart infrastructure, robotics, and commercial vehicles.

Our acquisition allows us to offer a system solution for validating vehicle sensors for ADAS and AV applications. This system, which we have branded MOSAIK, includes software that automates the manual data classification or annotation process. We believe the MOSAIK solution significantly reduces the time and resources required by OEMs to validate their ADAS and AV systems. In addition to the auto-annotation software, sales of this validation solution may include our lidar sensors.

Research and Development

We believe our research and development efforts have earned us a leadership position in the field of lidar sensors, LBS technology and applications as applied to automotive, consumer electronics and other markets. Our ability to attract customers and grow revenue will depend on our ability to maintain our technology leadership, to continually improve performance, reduce costs, and ensure functional safety and flexible design. Our research and development teams as of December 31, 2023 were located in Redmond, Washington, Hamburg, Germany and Nuremberg, Germany and were comprised of approximately 270 engineering and technical staff in optics, software engineering, electrical engineering, product engineering, and MEMS design.

Sales and Marketing

Our sales and marketing approach is account based, business-to-business targeting of automotive OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers and potential customers in several industrial markets. Our business development efforts are headed by executive management and business development representatives and are supported by engineers that assist customers during the design cycles of products. We have business development offices for our automotive and industrial solutions located in Germany and the United States. We engage potential customers directly, participate in trade shows, and maintain a website.

Manufacturing

We continue to invest in our manufacturing capabilities, evaluating long-term Tier 1 relationships and establishing new relationships with contract manufacturers, as we drive toward our goal of serving as a Tier 1 supplier to automotive OEM customers. While our current partner is manufacturing limited volumes and we are not otherwise manufacturing our products at significant volume at this time, in the past, when we have produced products or components, our products were manufactured by a contract manufacturer based on our proprietary design, process, test, quality, and reliability standards and incorporated our LBS technology and included MEMS and ASICs that were produced to order by semiconductor foundries. Our past manufacturing has not been subject to seasonal variations as our shipments have been relatively small and were in the early stages of product introduction. In the future, depending on our customers’ product mix, we may be affected by seasonal fluctuations which could affect working capital demands. Many of the raw materials used in our components are standard, although our MEMS, MEMS die, and ASICs have historically been manufactured to our specifications by separate single-source suppliers.

Competitive Conditions

Many companies are attempting to develop lidar sensors and ADAS solutions; the competitive landscape is highly crowded and rapidly evolving. We compete with pureplay lidar developers, some of which have recently completed de-SPAC transactions raising significant capital. Some of these companies have announced partnerships with OEMs, Tier 1 suppliers, and contract manufacturers that, even if nonexclusive, may appear more credible than we do in the marketplace. We also face competition from OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers that have internally developed lidar sensors. All of these OEMs and Tier 1s are significantly larger, more well-resourced, have long operating histories and enjoy relevant brand recognition. Many lidar developers are also building ADAS solutions with which our solution competes. Our competitors may succeed in developing innovative technologies and products that could render our technology or products commercially infeasible or technologically obsolete.

The lidar sensing industry has been characterized by rapid and significant technological advances. Our LBS technology system and products may not be competitive with such advances, and we may not have sufficient funds to invest in new technologies, products or processes. Although we believe our technology system and products could deliver higher performance and have other advantages, manufacturers of competing technologies may develop improvements to their technology that could reduce or eliminate the anticipated advantages of our products.

Intellectual Property and Proprietary Rights

We create intellectual property from three sources: internal research and development activities, technology acquisitions, and performance on development contracts. The inventions covered by our patent applications generally relate to systems controls in our LBS technology, component miniaturization, power reduction, feature enhancements, specific implementation of various system components, and design elements to facilitate mass production. Protecting these key-enabling technologies and components is a fundamental aspect of our strategy to penetrate diverse markets with unique products. As such, we intend to continue to develop our portfolio of proprietary and patented technologies at the system, component, and process levels.

We believe our extensive patent portfolio is the largest, broadest, and earliest filed LBS technology portfolio. We currently have over 700 issued patents and pending patents worldwide, including approximately 330 patents we acquired in the acquisition from Ibeo in January 2023. As our technology develops, we periodically review our patent portfolio and eliminate patents that are deemed of low value. Due to this ongoing portfolio management practice, the number of patents in our portfolio will vary at any given time.

Since our inception in 1993, we have acquired through portfolio purchases, patents that grant us exclusive rights to various LBS technologies. From time to time some of these patents may expire or be abandoned to better utilize resources expended to maintain and generate new intellectual property.

Our ability to compete effectively in automotive lidar or any other market we may enter may depend, in part, on our ability and the ability of our licensors to maintain the proprietary nature of these technologies.

We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. To protect our rights in these areas, we require all employees, and where appropriate, contractors, consultants, advisors and collaborators, to enter into confidentiality and non-compete agreements. There can be no assurance, however, that these agreements will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure of such trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information.

We have registered the name “MAVIN™,” “MOVIA™,” “MOSAIK™, “SAFE MOBILITY AT THE SPEED OF LIFE,” “PicoP®” and “MicroVision®” with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in various foreign countries.

Our Employees, People Operations and Workplace Safety

At the end of fiscal year 2023, throughout our global offices, we had approximately 340 predominantly full-time employees. We do not hire seasonal workers and none of our employees are represented by a labor union or works council.

Our principal objectives with respect to our workforce are to attract, retain, motivate, and reward our employees to achieve positive results for our customers and for MicroVision. To achieve these objectives, our employee benefit programs seek to (i) support skill building and prepare our employees for advancement through continuous learning, (ii) reward our employees through compensation awards and resources intended to motivate our employees and promote well-being, and (iii) continuously identify opportunities for development through regular employee input and engagement. We offer competitive compensation and benefits.

We also strive for continuous improvement in diversity and inclusivity among our employees, management, and board of directors, and seek to promote job opportunities to a diverse pool of qualified candidates. We are also committed to providing an inclusive work environment free of discrimination or harassment of any kind, supported by policies, communications, and reporting and resolution resources.

Protecting the safety, health, and well-being of our employees is also a key priority and we have implemented policies and practices to support this. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we remained focused on the health and safety of our employees by implementing appropriate safety protocols.

We work with third party independent experts in the field of laser safety to assist in meeting safety specifications. In addition, we monitor developments in the area of permissible laser exposure limits as established by International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and others. Independent experts have concluded that laser exposure to the eye resulting from use of LBS devices under normal operating conditions would be below the calculated maximum permissible exposure level set by the IEC.

You should carefully consider the risks described below together with the other information set forth in this report, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and future results. The risks described below are not the only risks facing our company. Risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Risk Factors Related to Our Business

We have a history of operating losses and expect to incur significant losses in the future.

We have had substantial losses since our inception. We cannot assure you that we will ever become or remain profitable.

The likelihood of our success must be considered in light of the expenses, difficulties and delays frequently encountered by companies formed to develop and commercialize new technologies. In particular, our operations to date have focused primarily on research and development of our LBS technology system, including products built around that technology such as our automotive lidar sensor, and development of demonstration units. We are unable to accurately estimate future revenues and operating expenses based upon historical performance.

We cannot be certain that we will succeed in obtaining development revenue or commercializing our technology or products at scale. In light of these factors, we expect to continue to incur significant losses and negative cash flow at least through 2024 and likely thereafter. There is significant risk that we will not achieve positive cash flow at any time in the future.

We will require additional capital to fund our operations at the level necessary to implement our business plan. Raising additional capital will dilute the value of current shareholders’ investment in us.

Based on our current operating plan, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. We will, however, require additional capital to fund our operating plan past that time. We will seek to obtain additional capital through the issuance of equity or debt securities, development revenue, product sales and/or licensing activities. There can be no assurance that any such efforts to obtain additional capital would be successful.

We are currently focused on developing and commercializing our automotive lidar solution. This involves introducing new technologies into an emerging market which creates significant uncertainty about our ability to accurately project the amounts and timing of revenue, costs and cash flows. Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the commercial success of our technologies, the rate at which OEMs introduce systems incorporating our products and technologies and the market acceptance and competitive position of such systems. Our expenses have increased significantly as a result of the January 2023 Ibeo acquisition and related headcount increase. If revenues continue to be less than we anticipate, if the mix of revenues and the associated margins vary from anticipated amounts, or if expenses exceed the amounts budgeted, we may require additional capital earlier than expected to fund our operations. In addition, our operating plan provides for the development of strategic relationships with suppliers of components, products and systems, and equipment manufacturers that may require additional investments by us.

Additional capital may not be available to us or, if available, may not be available on terms acceptable to us or on a timely basis. Raising additional capital may involve issuing securities with rights and preferences that are senior to our common stock and may dilute the value of our current shareholders’ investment in us. If adequate capital resources are not available on a timely basis, we may consider limiting our operations substantially and we may be unable to continue as a going concern. This limitation of operations could include reducing investments in our research and development projects, staff, operating costs, and capital expenditures which could jeopardize our ability to achieve our business goals or satisfy our customer requirements.

Risks Related to our Financial Statements and Results

Our revenue is generated from a small number of customers, and losing a significant customer will have a negative impact on our revenue.

In 2023, one commercial customer, Customer A accounted for $4.6 million in revenue, representing 63% of our total revenue, a second commercial customer accounted for $0.8 million in revenue, representing 11% of our total revenue and a third commercial customer accounted for $0.4 million in revenue, representing 5% of our total revenue. In 2022, Customer A accounted for $0.7 million in revenue, representing 100% of our total revenue. No revenue was recognized from this customer during the second half of 2022 or for the first three quarters of 2023 as no shipments of our components were reported by the customer during that period. In 2021, Customer A accounted for $2.5 million in revenue, representing 100% of our total revenue. Subsequent to fiscal year 2023, we do not expect to recognize further revenue from Customer A, which will negatively affect our future revenue.

We have, in the past, identified a material weakness in our internal controls.

In the second quarter of 2021, we identified a material weakness in the controls that support our determination of the grant date of equity awards. If we identify further material weaknesses in our internal controls, our failure to establish and maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could result in material misstatements in our financial statements and a failure to meet our reporting obligations. Any such failure could cause investors to lose confidence in the accuracy of our financial reports, harm our reputation and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

The audit of our internal controls over financial reporting for fiscal year 2024 will include controls of our subsidiary, MicroVision GmbH, which became a significant subsidiary upon the closing of our acquisition of assets from Ibeo in 2023. Accordingly, our internal control environment will become more complex and, therefore, the risk of a material weakness in internal controls will be higher.

Our stock price has fluctuated in the past, has recently been volatile and may be volatile in the future, and as a result, investors in our common stock could incur substantial losses.

Our stock price has fluctuated significantly in the past, has recently been volatile, and may be volatile in the future. Over the 52-week period ending February 26, 2024, our common stock has traded at a low of $1.82 and a high of $8.20. We may continue to experience sustained depression or substantial volatility in our stock price in the foreseeable future unrelated to our operating performance or prospects. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred a loss per share of $(0.45).

As a result of this volatility, investors may experience losses on their investment in our common stock. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including the following:

Since the price of our common stock has fluctuated in the past, has suffered recent declines and may be volatile in the future, investors in our common stock could incur substantial losses. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market, securities class-action litigation has often been instituted against companies. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. There can be no guarantee that our stock price will remain at current levels or that future sales of our common stock will not be at prices lower than those sold to investors.

Additionally, securities of certain companies have in the past few years experienced significant and extreme volatility in stock price due to short sellers of shares of common stock, known as a “short squeeze.” These short squeezes have caused extreme volatility in both the stock prices of those companies and in the market, and have led to the price per share of those companies to trade at a significantly inflated rate that is disconnected from the underlying value of the company. Many investors who have purchased shares in those companies at an inflated rate face the risk of losing a significant portion of their original investment, as in many cases the price per share has declined steadily as interest in those stocks have abated. There can be no assurance that our shares will not be subject to a short squeeze in the future, and investors may lose a significant portion or all of their investment if they purchase our shares at a rate that is significantly disconnected from our underlying value.

If we are unable to maintain our listing on The Nasdaq Global Market, it could become more difficult to sell our stock in the public market.

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Market. To maintain our listing on this market, we must meet Nasdaq’s listing maintenance standards. If we are unable to continue to meet Nasdaq’s listing maintenance standards for any reason, our common stock could be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Market. If our common stock were delisted, we may seek to list our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market, the NYSE American or on a regional stock exchange or, if one or more broker-dealer market makers comply with applicable requirements, the over-the-counter (OTC) market. Listing on such other market or exchange could reduce the liquidity of our common stock. If our common stock were to trade in the OTC market, an investor would find it more difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations for the price of, the common stock.

A delisting from The Nasdaq Global Market and failure to obtain listing on another market or exchange would subject our common stock to so-called penny stock rules that impose additional sales practice and market-making requirements on broker-dealers who sell or make a market in such securities. Consequently, removal from The Nasdaq Global Market and failure to obtain listing on another market or exchange could affect the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell or make a market in our common stock and the ability of purchasers of our common stock to sell their securities in the secondary market.

On February 26, 2024, the closing price of our common stock was $2.09 per share.

Our lack of financial resources relative to our competitors may limit our revenues, potential profits, overall market share or value.

Our products and solutions compete with other pureplay lidar developers, many of which have recently gone public through de-SPAC transactions and therefore have substantially greater financial resources than we have. We also face competition from OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers that have internally developed lidar sensors. All of these OEMS and Tier 1s are significantly larger, more well-resourced, have long operating histories and enjoy relevant brand recognition. Because of their greater resources, our competitors may develop or commercialize products more quickly than us and have access to more entrenched sales channels. This imbalance in financial resources and access could result for us in reduced revenues, lower margins or loss of market share, any of which could reduce the value of our business. Additionally, for a variety of reasons, customers may choose to purchase from suppliers that have substantially greater financial or other resources than we have.

Risks Related to Our Operations

Difficulty in qualifying a contract manufacturer, Tier 1 partner, or foundry for our products, or experiencing changes in our supply chain, could cause delays that may result in lost future revenues and damaged customer relationships.

Historically, we have relied on single or limited-source suppliers to manufacture our products. Establishing and maintaining a relationship with a contract manufacturer, automotive Tier 1 partner, or foundry is a time-consuming process, as our unique technologies may require significant manufacturing process adaptation to achieve full manufacturing capacity. To the extent that we are not able to establish or maintain a relationship with a contract manufacturer, Tier 1 partner, or foundry in a timely manner or at prices or on other terms that are acceptable to us, we may be unable to meet contract or production milestones. Moreover, changes in our supply chain could result in increased cost and delay and subject us to risks and uncertainties regarding, but not limited to, product warranty, product liability and quality control standards. The loss of any single or limited-source supplier, the failure of any of these suppliers to perform as expected or the disruption in the supply chain of components from these suppliers could cause significant delays in product deliveries, which could result in lost future revenues and damaged customer relationships.

Historically, we have been dependent on third parties to develop, manufacture, sell and market products incorporating our technology.

Our business strategy for commercializing our technology in products has historically included entering into development, manufacturing, licensing, sales and marketing arrangements with OEMs, ODMs and other third parties. These arrangements reduce our level of control over production and distribution and may subject us to risks and uncertainties regarding, but not limited to, product warranty, product liability and quality control standards.

We cannot be certain that we will be able to negotiate arrangements on acceptable terms, if at all, or that these arrangements will be successful in yielding commercially viable products. If we cannot establish or maintain these arrangements, we would require additional capital to undertake such activities on our own and would require extensive manufacturing, sales and marketing expertise that we do not currently possess and that may be difficult to obtain.

In addition, we could encounter significant delays in introducing our products and technology or find that the development, manufacture or sale of products incorporating our technology would not be feasible. To the extent that we enter into development, manufacturing, licensing, sales and marketing or other arrangements, our revenues will depend upon the performance of third parties. We cannot be certain that any such arrangements will be successful.

We could face lawsuits related to our use of LBS technology or other technologies, which would be costly, and any adverse outcome could limit our ability to commercialize our technology or products.

We are aware of several patents held by third parties that relate to certain aspects of light scanning displays, 3D sensing products, and other technologies that are core to our sensor hardware. These patents could be used as a basis to challenge the validity, limit the scope or limit our ability to obtain additional or broader patent rights of our patents. A successful challenge to the validity of our patents could limit our ability to commercialize our technology or products incorporating our LBS technology and, consequently, materially reduce our ability to generate revenues. Moreover, we cannot be certain that patent holders or other third parties will not claim infringement by us with respect to current and future technology. Because U.S. patent applications are held and examined in secrecy, it is also possible that presently pending U.S. applications could eventually be issued with claims that could be infringed by our products or our technology.

The defense and prosecution of a patent suit would be costly and time-consuming, even if the outcome were ultimately favorable to us. An adverse outcome in the defense of a patent suit could subject us to significant costs, require others and us to cease selling products incorporating our technology, require us to cease licensing our technology or require disputed rights to be licensed from third parties. Such licenses, if available, would increase our operating expenses. Moreover, if claims of infringement are asserted against our future co-development partners or customers, those partners or customers may seek indemnification from us for any damages or expenses they incur.

If we fail to manage expansion effectively, our revenue and expenses could be adversely affected.

Our ability to successfully offer products incorporating our technologies and implement our business plan in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning and management process. The growth in business and relationships with customers and other third parties has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management systems and resources. We will need to continue to improve our financial and managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures, and will need to continue to train and manage our work force. We continue to strengthen our compliance programs, including our compliance programs related to product certifications (in particular, certifications applicable to the automotive market), export controls, privacy and cybersecurity and anti-corruption. We may not be able to implement improvements in an efficient or timely manner and may discover deficiencies in existing controls, programs, systems and procedures, which could have an adverse effect on our business, reputation and financial results.

We target customers that are large companies with substantial negotiating power and potentially competitive internal solutions; if we are unable to sell our products to these customers, our prospects will be adversely affected.

Our potential customers, automotive OEMs in particular, are large, multinational companies with substantial negotiating power relative to us and, in some instances, may have internal solutions that are competitive to our products. These large, multinational companies also have significant resources, which may allow them to acquire or develop competitive technologies either independently or in partnership with others. Accordingly, even after investing significant resources to develop a product, we may not secure a series production award or, even after securing a series production award, may not be able to commercialize a product on profitable terms. If our products are not selected by these large companies or if these companies develop or acquire competitive technology or negotiate terms that are disadvantageous to us, it will have an adverse effect on our business prospects.

Our technology and products may be subject to environmental, health and safety regulations that could increase our development and production costs.

Our technology and products could become subject to environmental, health and safety regulations or amendments that could negatively impact our ability to commercialize our technology and products. Compliance with any such current or new regulations would likely increase the cost to develop and commercialize products, and violations may result in fines, penalties or suspension of production. If we become subject to any environmental, health, or safety laws or regulations that require us to cease or significantly change our operations to comply, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

Our operating results may be adversely impacted by worldwide political and economic uncertainties and specific conditions in the markets we address.

At various times in our history, including in the recent past, general worldwide economic conditions have experienced downturns due to slower economic activity, concerns about inflation, increased energy costs, decreased consumer confidence, reduced corporate profits and capital spending, and adverse business conditions. Any continuation or worsening of global economic and financial conditions could materially adversely affect: (i) our ability to raise, or the cost of, needed capital, (ii) demand for our current and future products, and (iii) our ability to commercialize products. Additionally, the outbreaks of wars or infectious diseases, as recently experienced, may cause an unexpected deterioration in economic conditions. We cannot predict the timing, strength, or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery, worldwide, regionally or in the automotive or technology industries.

Because we have recently expanded and plan to continue expanding our international operations and using foreign suppliers and manufacturers, our operating results could be harmed by economic, political, regulatory and other factors in foreign countries.

During 2021, we established an office in Germany and on January 31, 2023 we completed our acquisition of certain assets of Ibeo, with the result that we now have more employees and operations in Germany than in the U.S. In addition, we currently use foreign suppliers and partners and plan to continue to do so to manufacture current and future components and products, where appropriate. These international operations are subject to inherent risks, which may adversely affect us, including, but not limited to:

We have recently and may in the future make acquisitions. If we fail to successfully select, execute or integrate our acquisitions, then our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

On December 1, 2022, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement to acquire certain assets from Ibeo Automotive Systems GmbH. We expended significant management time and effort, as well as capital, identifying, evaluating, negotiating, and executing this transaction and, since the closing of the acquisition on January 31, 2023, we have invested additional time and capital working to integrate our new Hamburg- and Detroit-based teams and operations. We cannot guarantee that these integration efforts will be successful, that the goals of the acquisition will be realized, or that the increase to our operating expenses or cash requirements will be manageable.

In the future, we may again undertake acquisitions to add new products and technologies, acquire talent, gain new sales channels or enter into new markets or sales territories. In addition to possible stockholder approval, we may need approvals and licenses from relevant government authorities for the acquisitions and to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, which could result in increased delay and costs, and may disrupt our business strategy if we fail to do so. Furthermore, acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets, businesses, key personnel, customers, vendors and suppliers require significant attention from our management and could result in a diversion of resources from our existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our operations. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the financial results we expect. Acquisitions could result in the use of substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the occurrence of significant goodwill impairment charges, amortization expenses for other intangible assets and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant.

Before our acquisition of assets from Ibeo, we had no experience with acquisitions or the integration of acquired technology and personnel. Failure to successfully identify, complete, manage and integrate acquisitions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause our stock price to decline.

Our suppliers’ or manufacturing partners’ facilities could be damaged or disrupted by a natural disaster or labor strike, either of which would materially affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

A major catastrophe, such as an earthquake, monsoon, flood, infectious disease including the COVID-19 virus, or other natural disaster, labor strike, or work stoppage at our suppliers’ or manufacturers partners’ facilities or our customers, could result in a prolonged interruption of our business. A disruption resulting from any one of these events could cause significant delays in product shipments and the loss of sales and customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

If we are unable to obtain effective intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technology, we may be unable to compete with other companies.

Intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technology is important and uncertain. If we do not obtain effective intellectual property protection for our products, processes and technology, we may be subject to increased competition. Our commercial success will depend, in part, on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our key technologies by securing valid and enforceable patents and effectively maintaining unpatented technology as trade secrets.

We protect our proprietary technology by seeking to obtain United States and foreign patents in our name, or licenses to third party patents, related to proprietary technology, inventions, and improvements that may be important to the development of our business. However, our patent position involves complex legal and factual questions. The standards that the United States Patent and Trademark Office and its foreign counterparts use to grant patents are not always applied predictably or uniformly and can change.

Additionally, the scope of patents is subject to interpretation by courts and their validity can be subject to challenges and defenses, including challenges and defenses based on the existence of prior art. Consequently, we cannot be certain as to the extent to which we will be able to obtain patents for our new products and technology or the extent to which the patents that we already own, protect our products and technology. Reduction in scope of protection or invalidation of our licensed or owned patents, or our inability to obtain new patents, may enable other companies to develop products that compete directly with ours on the basis of the same or similar technology.

We also rely on the law of trade secrets to protect unpatented know-how and technology to maintain our competitive position. We try to protect this know-how and technology by limiting access to the trade secrets to those of our employees, contractors and partners, with a need-to-know such information and by entering into confidentiality agreements with parties that have access to it, such as our employees, consultants and business partners. Any of these parties could breach the agreements and disclose our trade secrets or confidential information, or our competitors might learn of the information in some other way. If any trade secret not protected by a patent were to be disclosed to or independently developed by a competitor, our competitive position could be negatively affected.

We could be subject to significant product liability claims that could be time-consuming and costly, divert management attention and adversely affect our ability to obtain and maintain insurance coverage.

We could be subject to product liability claims if any of the product applications are alleged to be defective or cause harmful effects. For example, because some of the scanning modules incorporating our LBS technology could scan a low power beam of colored light into the user’s eye, the testing, manufacture, marketing and sale of these products involve an inherent risk that product liability claims will be asserted against us.

Additionally, any misuse of our technology or products incorporating our technology by end users or third parties that obtain access to our technology, could result in negative publicity and could harm our brand and reputation. Product liability claims or other claims related to our products or our technology, regardless of their outcome, could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation, divert management time and attention, require us to pay significant damages, harm our reputation or hinder acceptance of our products. Any successful product liability claim may prevent us from obtaining adequate product liability insurance in the future on commercially desirable or reasonable terms. An inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of our products and technology.

Our operations could be adversely impacted by information technology system failures, network disruptions, or cyber security incidents.

We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit, store, and protect electronic data between our employees, customers, manufacturing partners and suppliers. Our systems and the third parties we rely on for related services are vulnerable to actual or attempted cybersecurity incidents, such as attacks by hackers, acts of vandalism, malware, social engineering, denial or degradation of service attacks, computer viruses, software bugs or vulnerabilities, supply chain attacks, phishing attacks, ransomware attacks, misplaced or lost data, human errors, malicious insiders or other similar events. Such systems are also susceptible to other disruptions due to events beyond our control, including, but are not limited to, natural disasters, power loss, and telecommunications failures. Our system redundancy may be inadequate and our disaster recovery planning may be ineffective or insufficient to account for all eventualities.

As security incidents have become more prevalent across industries we will need to continually examine, modify and update our systems. These updates or improvements may require implementation costs. In addition, we may not be able to monitor and react to all developments in a timely manner. The measures we do adopt may prove ineffective.

Any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with current and future regulatory or customer-driven privacy, data protection, and information security requirements, or to prevent or mitigate cyber incidents, could harm our business and expose us to potential litigation, liability, remediation costs, investigation costs, loss of revenue, damage to our reputation and loss of customers. While we maintain insurance coverage to address certain aspects of cyber risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all claims that may arise, should such an event occur.

We, and certain of our third-party vendors, collect and store personal information in connection with human resources operations and other aspects of our business. While we obtain assurances that any third parties we provide data to will protect this information and, where we believe appropriate, monitor the protections employed by these third parties, there is a risk the confidentiality of data held by us or by third parties may be compromised and expose us to liability for such breach.

Loss of any of our key personnel could have a negative effect on the operation of our business.

Our success depends on our executive officers and other key personnel and on the ability to attract and retain qualified new personnel. Achievement of our business objectives will require substantial additional expertise in the areas of sales and marketing, research and product development and manufacturing. Competition for qualified personnel in these fields is intense, and the inability to attract and retain additional highly skilled personnel, or the loss of key personnel, could hinder our ability to compete effectively in the automotive or technology markets and adversely affect our business strategy execution and results of operations.

Risks Related to Development for the Automotive Industry

If our products and solutions are not selected for inclusion in ADAS systems by automotive OEMs or automotive Tier 1 suppliers, our future prospects will be materially and adversely affected.

Automotive OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers design and develop ADAS technology over several years, undertaking extensive testing and qualification processes prior to selecting a product such as our lidar sensors and software for use in a particular system, product or vehicle model because such products will function as part of a larger system or platform and must meet certain other specifications. We have invested and will continue to invest significant time and resources to have our products considered and possibly selected by OEMs or Tier 1 suppliers for use in a particular system, product or vehicle model, which is known as a “series production win” or a “series production award.” In the case of ADAS technology, a series production award would mean that our lidar sensor and/or ADAS solution had been selected for use in a particular vehicle model. However, if we are unable to achieve a series production award with respect to a particular vehicle model, we may not have an opportunity to supply our products to the automotive OEM for that vehicle model for a period of many years. In many cases, this period can be as long as five to seven or more years. If our products are not selected by an automotive OEM or our suppliers for one vehicle model or if our products are not successful in that vehicle model, it is unlikely that our product will be deployed in other vehicle models of that OEM. If we fail to win a significant number of vehicle models from one or more of automotive OEMs or their suppliers, our future business prospects will be materially and adversely affected.

The complexity of our products and the limited visibility into the various environmental and other conditions under which potential customers may use the products could result in unforeseen delays or expenses from undetected defects, errors or reliability issues in hardware or software which could reduce the market adoption of our products, damage our reputation with prospective customers, expose us to product liability and other claims, and adversely affect our operating costs.

Our products are highly technical and complex and require high standards to manufacture and may experience defects, errors or reliability issues at various stages of development. We may be unable to timely manufacture or release products, or correct problems that have arisen or correct such problems to the customer’s satisfaction. Additionally, undetected errors, defects or security vulnerabilities could result in serious injury to the end users or bystanders of technology incorporating our products, inability of customers to commercialize technology incorporating our products, litigation against us, negative publicity and other consequences. These risks are particularly prevalent in the highly competitive ADAS market. These problems may also result in claims, including class actions, against us that could be costly to defend. Our reputation or brand may be damaged as a result of these problems and potential customers may be reluctant to buy our products, which could adversely affect our financial results.

Adverse conditions in the automotive industry or the global economy more generally could have adverse effects on our results of operations.

While we make our strategic planning decisions based on the assumption that the markets we are targeting will grow, our business is dependent, in large part on, and directly affected by, business cycles and other factors affecting the global automobile industry and global economy generally. Automotive production and sales are highly cyclical and depend on general economic conditions and other factors, including consumer spending and preferences, changes in interest rates and credit availability, consumer confidence, fuel costs, fuel availability, environmental impact, governmental incentives and regulatory requirements, and political volatility, especially in energy-producing countries and growth markets. In addition, automotive production and sales can be affected by our automotive OEM customers’ ability to continue operating in response to challenging economic conditions and in response to labor relations issues, regulatory requirements, trade agreements and other factors. The volume of automotive production in North America, Europe and the rest of the world has fluctuated, sometimes significantly, from year to year, and we expect such fluctuations to give rise to fluctuations in the demand for our products. Any significant adverse change in any of these factors may result in a reduction in automotive sales and production by our automotive OEM customers and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Developments in alternative technology may adversely affect the demand for our lidar technology.

Significant developments in alternative technologies, such as cameras and radar, may materially and adversely affect our business prospects in ways we do not currently anticipate. Existing and other camera and radar technologies may emerge as OEMs’ preferred alternative to our solution, which would result in the loss of competitiveness of our lidar solution. Our R&D efforts may not be sufficient to adapt to these changes in technology and our solution may not compete effectively with these alternative systems.

ADAS features may be delayed in adoption by OEMs, which would negatively impact our business prospects.

The ADAS market is fast evolving and there is generally a lack of an established regulatory framework. Vehicle regulators globally continue to consider new and enhanced emissions requirements, including electrification, to meet environmental and economic needs as well as pursue new safety standards to address emerging traffic risks. To control new vehicle prices, among other concerns, OEMs may need to dedicate technology and cost additions to new vehicle designs to meet these emissions and safety requirements and postpone the consumer cost pressures of new ADAS features. As additional safety requirements are imposed on vehicle manufacturers, our business prospects may be materially impacted.

Because the lidar and ADAS markets are rapidly evolving, it is difficult to forecast customer adoption rates, demand, and selling prices for our products and solutions.

We are pursuing opportunities in rapidly evolving markets, including technological and regulatory changes, and it is difficult to predict the timing and size of the opportunities. For example, lidar-based ADAS solutions require complex technology and because these automotive systems depend on technology from many companies, commercialization of ADAS products could be delayed or impaired on account of certain technological components of ours or others not being ready to be deployed in vehicles. In addition, the selling prices we are able to ultimately charge in the future for the products we are currently developing may be less than what we currently project. Our future financial performance will depend on our ability to make timely investments in the correct market opportunities. If one or more of these markets experience a shift in prospective customer demand, our products may not compete as effectively, if at all, and they may not be designed into commercialized products. Given the evolving nature of the markets in which we operate, it is difficult to predict customer demand or adoption rates for our products, selling prices or the future growth of our target markets. If demand does not develop or if we cannot accurately forecast it, the size of our markets, inventory requirements or future financial results will be adversely affected.

Because lidar is new in the markets we are seeking to enter, our market forecasts may not materialize as anticipated.

Our market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not materialize as anticipated. These forecasts and estimates relating to the expected size and growth of the markets for lidar-based technology may prove to be inaccurate. Even if these markets experience the forecasted growth we anticipate, we may not grow our business at similar rates, or at all. Our future growth is subject to many factors, including market adoption of our products, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that these forecasts will not be materially inaccurate.

None.

Risk Management and Strategy

Our Cybersecurity Processes

We continue to strengthen our cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems based on industry standards. Our measures include policies to promote internal compliance by our employees, policies and procedures to regularly evaluate the security of our information systems and implementation of third-party products, including intrusion prevention and detection solutions, multifactor identification and anti-virus software, to help detect and protect against potential cybersecurity threats. We educate our staff on cybersecurity matters with periodic risk awareness information, phishing awareness campaigns, and training materials. Moreover, given the rapid growth of our global operations in 2023 due to the Ibeo acquisition, and our expectations for near- and long-term strategic growth, our Information Technology, or IT, team is prioritizing enhancements to our response system and continuity plans.

A key dimension to the security and effectiveness of our information system is our compliance with standards that are unique to the industries in which we operate. For instance, it is critical that our information system achieves TISAX certification. Established by the German Association of the Automotive Industry, Trusted Information Security Assessment Exchange, or TISAX, is a globally recognized assessment and exchange mechanism for information security in the automotive industry. Automotive OEMs rely on the TISAX label to ensure that suppliers and partners have a solid information security management system in place. To successfully complete the TISAX assessment process in our German and U.S. operations, we are actively evaluating our cybersecurity measures and seeking enhancements, including engaging a third-party auditor and global standardization of our cybersecurity training program, to ensure a comprehensive and robust system.

We evaluate our third-party information system providers, as well as any other provider that may have access to our data, for their maturity and reliability, and as a matter of policy we choose to only work with reputable vendors.

Risks from Cybersecurity Threats

We have not encountered cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations or financial condition. Any material cybersecurity incident could have a material impact on our operations by causing a disruption to our ability to function as a global organization, by interrupting our internal and external communications and reporting or managing our operations. Refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this annual report on Form 10-K, including “Our operations could be adversely impacted by information technology system failures, network disruptions, or cybersecurity breaches,” for additional discussion about cybersecurity-related risks.

Governance

Board of Directors and Audit Committee

With delegated authority from our Board of Directors and in accordance with its charter, our Audit Committee is charged with the oversight of enterprise risk, including risk related to cybersecurity threats. Our Audit Committee Chair is expected to report regularly to our Board of Directors about our Audit Committee’s oversight of enterprise risk. Beginning in 2024, our Audit Committee Chair will report quarterly to our Board of Directors specifically about our cybersecurity incident management and governance.

Management, and specifically our Chief Financial Officer, reports to our Audit Committee on cybersecurity, including initiatives and strategies, and incident reporting and any lessons learned. Beginning in 2024, our Chief Financial Officer will make this report on a quarterly basis. From time to time, management will also engage in informal discussions with members of the Audit Committee about our cybersecurity practices and risks, including informing our Audit Committee Chair in a timely manner about any cybersecurity incidents that management determines may have a significant impact on our operations or that may trigger any reporting obligations.

Our Audit Committee will conduct an annual review of our cybersecurity measures and the effectiveness of our risk management strategies.

Management

Anubhav Verma, joined MicroVision in 2021 as our Chief Financial Officer. He is an experienced risk management professional and currently oversees the Company’s accounting and finance strategies, including risk management. Mr. Verma also oversees our IT team and, with regular communication with the team, is responsible for approving the IT budget, hiring of IT personnel, including third-party consultants, and approving cybersecurity processes and other cybersecurity-related matters. Although we do not currently employ a chief information security officer, we are working with an outside consulting firm that is serving in this role and assisting our internal team with the primary responsibility of overseeing our cybersecurity measures and risks.

The day-to-day responsibility for assessing, monitoring and managing our cybersecurity risks resides with our IT team. Across the IT team we have employees who have in-depth knowledge and decades of cybersecurity industry experience, including prior experience with developing and overseeing cybersecurity polices and processes for companies required to comply with NIST SP800-171, cybersecurity standards for companies that store sensitive unclassified information on behalf of the United States government, and former Ibeo employees having experience with TISAX compliance. Yet, we recognize the evolving and increasing threat that cybersecurity will have on our operations. As part of our long-term growth strategy, we expect to establish a dedicated cybersecurity team to oversee our cybersecurity risk management.

The IT Team Director regularly meets with the Chief Financial Officer and as appropriate the Chief Executive Officer to discuss cybersecurity risks. This ensures that management is informed about our current cybersecurity measures and aware of any potential risks facing our operations. In the event of a cybersecurity incident, we have put in place a reporting structure to inform the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Executive Officer and General Counsel promptly of any incident so that they may assess the appropriate response to the incident and any reporting concerns that may be triggered by the incident.

In September 2021, we entered into a lease on approximately 16,681 square feet of space located in Redmond, Washington that we use primarily for general office space. The lease provides for an initial term of 128 months that commenced November 1, 2021.

In September 2021, we entered into a second lease on approximately 36,062 square feet of space located in Redmond, Washington that we use primarily for product testing and lab space. The lease provides for an initial term of 120 months and commenced on December 1, 2022.

In April 2022, we entered into a lease on approximately 3,533 square feet of space located in Nuremberg, Germany that we use primarily for general office space for business development activities. The lease provides for a term of 60 months that commenced May 1, 2022.

In September 2022, we entered into a second lease on approximately 3,810 square feet of space located in Nuremberg, Germany that we use primarily for product testing for engineering and development activities. The lease provides for a term of 60 months that commenced November 15, 2022.

In connection with our January 2023 acquisition of assets from Ibeo, we assumed three leases in Hamburg, Germany covering approximately 45,208 square feet of office space, garages to house test and demonstration vehicles, space for IT network equipment, and long-range laser testing space.

In December 2023, we entered into a lease on approximately 60,000 square feet of space located in Hamburg, Germany that we will use primarily for general office space and product testing. This lease is intended to replace the office space described in the immediately preceding paragraph. The lease provides for a term of 60 months and will commence on the date the property is delivered to us, which is expected to occur between August 1, 2024 and December 31, 2024.

We believe that our facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the immediate future, and that, should it be needed, suitable additional or substitute space will be available to accommodate any such expansion of our operations. For a further description of our leased properties, see Note 11, Leases, of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference in response to this item.

We are subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the normal course of business. We are not currently party to any other legal proceedings that management believes are reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Not applicable.

Executive officers are appointed by our Board of Directors and hold office until their successors are elected and duly qualified. The following persons serve as executive officers of MicroVision, Inc.:

Sumit Sharma, age 50, was appointed Chief Executive Officer in February 2020 and served as Chief Operating Officer from June 2018 to February 2020, after serving as Vice President of Product Engineering and Operations since February 2017 and Vice President and Senior Director of Operations since September 2015. Prior to MicroVision, from April 2015 to September 2015, he was a Product Development and Operations consultant at BlueMadison Consulting. From November 2013 to March 2015, he was the Senior Director, Advanced Manufacturing Operations and Technology Development at Jawbone. From March 2011 to October 2013, he was the Head of Manufacturing Operations for project GLASS at Google. Mr. Sharma has extensive experience in optics, wearable technology, product development and qualification for automotive industry. Mr. Sharma also has deep experience in global operations and developing strategic partnerships. A patent holder, Mr. Sharma received his baccalaureate degree in engineering from New Jersey Institute of Technology.

Anubhav Verma, age 38, joined MicroVision in November 2021 as Chief Financial Officer. Prior to MicroVision, from October 2016 to November 2021, he led several growth initiatives including M&A and Capital Market transactions as Senior Vice President Finance of Exela Technologies. From November 2013 to October 2016, he was an Investment Professional of HandsOn Global Management driving end-to-end M&A deals including post-merger integration along with several rounds of capital market financings. From July 2009 to October 2013, he advised several Fortune 500 companies as an Investment Banker at Credit Suisse in their New York and Mumbai offices. Mr. Verma has extensive experience in Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), Capital Markets and Strategic Finance roles for publicly listed and privately held companies. Mr. Verma received a Bachelor of Technology degree in engineering and a Masters of Technology degree in engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay.

Drew Markham, age 56, joined MicroVision in June 2021 as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Before joining MicroVision, from January 2017 through June 2021, Ms. Markham was President at Avisé, a social purpose corporation, where she was a legal consultant to publicly traded technology companies. From January 2013 to December 2016, she was Vice President, Deputy General Counsel & Assistant Secretary at RealNetworks, Inc. From June 1999 to December 2012, she was an attorney with Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati. Ms. Markham received her Juris Doctor degree from the University of Washington School of Law and her Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from the University of Florida.

PART II.

Market Information

Our common stock began trading publicly on August 27, 1996. Our common stock trades on The Nasdaq Global Market under the ticker symbol “MVIS.” We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain all future earnings to fund the operations of our business and do not anticipate paying dividends on the common stock in the foreseeable future.

As of February 26, 2024, there were approximately 144 holders of record of 195,267,385 shares of common stock outstanding. As many of our shares of common stock are held by brokerages and institutions on behalf of shareholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of beneficial holders of our common stock represented by these record holders.

Stock Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” or incorporated by reference in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

The following graph shows a comparison from 2018 through 2023 of the cumulative total return for our common stock, the Russell 2000 Index and the Dow Jones US Electronic and Electrical Equipment Index. Our prior annual reports had included cumulative total return from the NASDAQ Electrical Components Index, however it is not included on this graph because the index has been discontinued. The comparisons in the graph are historical and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

On November 21, 2023, pursuant to subscription agreements dated as of November 14, 2023, between us and each of the purchasers, we sold in the aggregate 50,761 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”), at $1.97 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $0.1 million. The purchasers consisted of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and certain members of our Board of Directors.

On March 13, 2023, pursuant to a subscription agreement dated as of March 13, 2023, we sold to our Chief Executive Officer 100,000 shares of Common Stock, at $2.14 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $0.2 million.

The sales of our Common Stock described above were each undertaken in reliance upon an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), pursuant to Section 4(a)(2).

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. The following discussion focuses on the results of our operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. Similar discussion of the results of our operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021 can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Overview

Currently, our development and commercialization efforts are focused primarily on automotive lidar and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) markets where we can deliver safe mobility at the speed of life. Our integrated solution combines our lidar sensors, including our MEMS-based dynamic-range and flash-based short/mid-range, with perception software, to be integrated on our custom ASIC, targeted for sale to premium automotive OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers.

Although automotive lidar is our priority now, we have developed solutions for Augmented Reality, Interactive Displays, and Consumer Lidars. In the recent past, our strategy had been to sell AR displays or components, Interactive Displays, or Consumer Lidars to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and original design manufacturers (ODMs) for incorporation into their products.

We have incurred substantial losses since inception and expect to incur a significant loss during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. We have funded operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales and licensing activities. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available or that, if available, it will be available on terms acceptable to us on a timely basis. We cannot be certain that we will succeed in commercializing our technology or products.

Key accounting policies and estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. We evaluate our estimates on a continuous basis. We base our estimates on historical data, terms of existing contracts, our evaluation of trends in the consumer display and 3D sensing industries, information provided by our current and prospective customers and strategic partners, information available from other outside sources and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results form the basis for making judgments regarding the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe the following key accounting policies require significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Business combination

Our business combination is accounted for under the acquisition method. We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of the underlying net assets acquired and liabilities assumed over the purchase consideration is included in bargain purchase gain in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.

Intangible assets

Our intangible assets consist of acquired technology from the January 2023 Ibeo asset purchase and purchased patents. The estimated fair value of acquired technology was calculated through the income approach using the multi-period excess earnings and relief from royalty methodologies. The intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit, ranging from one to seventeen years. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparison of their carrying values to the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related intangible assets or group of assets over their remaining lives. Measurement of an impairment loss for our intangible assets is based on the difference between the fair value of the asset and its carrying value.

Share-based compensation

We issue share-based compensation to employees in the form of stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance stock units (PSUs). We account for the share-based awards by recognizing the fair value of share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award, net of estimated forfeitures. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of RSUs and non-executive PSUs is determined by the closing price of our common stock on the grant date or the period end date for the awards that are being measured by the service inception date. For performance-based awards, expense is recognized when it is probable the performance criteria will be achieved. If the likelihood becomes improbable that the performance criteria will be achieved, the expense is reversed. Executive PSUs that have market-based performance criteria are valued using a binomial option pricing model using the following inputs: stock price, volatility, and risk-free interest rates. Changes in estimated inputs or using other option valuation methods may result in materially different option values and share-based compensation expense.

Leases

Significant judgment may be required when determining whether a contract contains a lease, the length of the lease term, the allocation of the consideration in a contract between lease and non-lease components, and the determination of the discount rate included in our office lease. We review the underlying objective of each contract, the terms of the contract, and consider our current and future business conditions when making these judgments.

Results of Operations

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022.

Revenue

Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. We recognize revenue either at a point in time, or over time, depending upon the characteristics of the individual contract. If control of the deliverable(s) transfers over time, the revenue is recognized in proportion to the transfer of control. If control passes to the customer only upon completion and transfer of the asset, revenue is recognized at the completion of the contract.

In April 2017, we signed a contract with Microsoft Corporation to develop an LBS display system; the contract terminated effective December 31,2023. Under the agreement, we received an upfront payment of $10.0 million. In March 2020, Microsoft took over production of components that we had been producing for them. As a result, beginning in March 2020, we earned a royalty on each component shipped approximately equal to the gross profit we would have earned if we had continued to produce and ship the components. The increase in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily due to the recognition of the remaining $4.6 million of revenue as we believe the likelihood of further deliveries under the contract is remote. We do not expect to recognize any further revenue in connection with this contract.

The remaining increase in revenue during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the prior year was primarily a result of customer contracts assumed in connection with our January 2023 acquisition of assets from Ibeo.

The revenue backlog during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 was $3.1 million as compared to $0.0 million in 2022.

Cost of revenue

Cost of revenue includes the direct and allocated indirect costs of products and services sold to customers. Direct costs include labor, materials, reserves for estimated warranty expenses, and other costs incurred directly, or charged to us by our contract manufacturers, in the manufacture of these products. Indirect costs include labor, overhead, and other costs associated with operating our manufacturing capabilities. Overhead includes the costs of procuring, inspecting and storing material, facility and other costs, and is allocated to cost of revenue based on the proportion of indirect labor which supported revenue activities.

Cost of revenue can fluctuate significantly from period to period, depending on the product mix and volume, the level of overhead expense and the volume of direct material purchased. The increase in cost of revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily due to the amortization of intangible assets obtained in the acquisition of Ibeo assets of $1.4 million. The increase in 2023 was also driven by materials and labor associated with the corresponding increase in revenue this year.

Research and development expense

Research and development expense consists of compensation related costs of employees and contractors engaged in internal research and product development activities, direct material to support development programs, laboratory operations, outsourced development and processing work, and other operating expenses. We assign our research and development resources based on the business opportunity of the available projects, the skill mix of the resources available and the contractual commitments we have made to our customers. We believe that a substantial level of continuing research and development expenses will be required to further develop our scanning technology.

The increase in research and development expense during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily due to the Ibeo acquisition that resulted in higher salary and benefits expenses as a result of increased headcount of $21.2 million, increased depreciation expenses of $1.6 million, increased facilities and information technology expenses of $1.6 million compared to the prior year.

Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense

Sales, marketing, general and administrative expense includes compensation and support costs for marketing, sales, management and administrative staff, and for other general and administrative costs, including legal and accounting services, consultants and other operating expenses.

The increase in sales, marketing, general and administrative expense during the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily due to the Ibeo acquisition that resulted in increased salary and benefits expenses as a result of increased headcount of approximately $7.0 million, increased professional services of $1.3 million incurred in connection with the Ibeo acquisition, increased non-cash compensation expense of $1.1 million, increased depreciation expense of $1.1 million and increased purchased labor of $0.7 million.

Bargain purchase gain, net of tax

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a bargain purchase gain related to the acquisition of assets from Ibeo. The bargain purchase gain represents the excess of the fair value of the underlying net assets acquired and liabilities assumed over the purchase consideration paid in the transaction.

Other income (expense), net

The increase in other income during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 is due to a payment of $3.0 million as an incentive to terminate our previous building lease. The remainder of the increase is primarily due to income from investment securities.

Income taxes

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized tax expense of $1.1 million and $0.0 million, respectively, mainly related to income in foreign jurisdictions offset, partially offset by a deferred income tax benefit generated by the reduction to a deferred tax liability created as a result of the acquisition of Ibeo in Q2 2023. The change in income tax expense during the year ended December 31, 2023 was largely the result of profitability in foreign jurisdictions related to the Ibeo acquisition. As of December 31, 2023, we had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $463.1 million for federal income tax reporting purposes. In addition, we have research and development tax credits of $10.1 million. During 2023, $23.1 million federal net operating losses and $0.3 million general business credits expired unused. A majority of the net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credits available to offset future taxable income, if any, will expire in varying amounts from 2024 to 2043, if not previously used.

In certain circumstances, as specified in the Internal Revenue Code, a 50% or more ownership change by certain combinations of our shareholders during any three-year period would result in a limitation on our ability to use a portion of our net operating loss carryforwards.

We recognize interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. We did not have any unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2023 or at December 31, 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have incurred significant losses since inception. We have funded operations to date primarily through the sale of common stock, convertible preferred stock, warrants, the issuance of convertible debt and, to a lesser extent, from development contract revenues, product sales, and licensing activities. At December 31, 2023, we had $45.2 million in cash and cash equivalents and $28.6 million in investment securities. We also have approximately $19.0 million availability left on our existing $35.0 million ATM facility that was put in place in the third quarter of 2023. Based on our current operating plan for 2024 and beyond, we anticipate that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.

Operating activities

Cash used in operating activities totaled $67.1 million during 2023, compared to $38.0 million in 2022. Cash used in operating activities resulted primarily from cash used to fund our net loss, after adjusting for non-cash charges such as share-based compensation, depreciation and amortization charges and changes in operating assets and liabilities. The changes in cash used in operating activities were primarily attributed to the Ibeo acquisition that resulted in increased operating expenses to support the development of our lidar sensors. During the second half of 2023, we made a payment of $3.1 million to our contract manufacturing partner in connection with the buildup of MOVIA sensor inventory for direct sales to both automotive and non-automotive customers. Moreover, we expect to make additional payments to this partner totaling approximately $6.2 million over the first six months of 2024 in line with agreed-upon deliveries.

Investing activities

Cash provided by investing activities totaled $21.8 million in 2023, compared to cash used in investing activities of $38.1 million in 2022. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, we purchased short-term investment securities totaling $41.7 million and sold short-term investment securities totaling $76.7 million. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, we purchased short-term investment securities totaling $90.2 million and sold short-term investment securities totaling $60.6 million. Purchases of property and equipment during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $2.0 million and $4.4 million, respectively. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, we made payments totaling $11.2 million related to the acquisition of Ibeo assets. We expect to make the final payment related to the Ibeo acquisition of approximately $3.0 million and we expect restricted cash of $3.3 million to be released from escrow to Ibeo during the first quarter of 2024. In 2022, operating funds advanced to Ibeo during the pre-closing period totaling $4.1 million were included in cash used in investing activities.

Financing activities

Cash provided by financing activities totaled $72.4 million in 2023, compared to $14.3 million in 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we made principal payments under long-term debt totaling $0.4 million related to the loan under the Paycheck Protection Program of the 2020 CARES Act (PPP) administered by the Small Business Administration compared to $0.5 million in the prior year. Proceeds received from stock option exercises totaled $0.3 million during 2023 compared to $0.7 million during 2022.

The following is a list of our financing activities during 2023 and 2022.

Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the rate at which OEMs and other potential customers introduce products incorporating our technology and the market acceptance and competitive position of such products. Our ability to raise capital will depend on numerous factors, including the following:

If we are successful in establishing OEM co-development arrangements, we may receive full or partial funding for certain non-recurring engineering costs for technology development and/or product development. Nevertheless, we expect our capital requirements to remain high as we expand our activities and operations with the objective of commercializing our technology.

Contractual obligations

The following table lists our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

* Open purchase obligations represent commitments to purchase materials, capital equipment, maintenance agreements and other goods used in the normal operation of our business.

+ Minimum payments under operating leases included payments associated with the forward-starting lease of MicroVision GmbH with a target commencement date of August 1, 2024.

Recent accounting pronouncements

See Note 2, “Summary of significant accounting policies,” in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements found in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Interest Rate and Market Liquidity Risks

As of December 31, 2023, all of our cash and cash equivalents have variable interest rates; however, we believe our exposure to market and interest rate risks is not material. Due to the generally short-term maturities of our investment securities, we believe that the market risk arising from our holdings of these financial instruments is not significant. We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations; however, we do anticipate our labor costs to increase as a result of inflationary pressures.

Our investment policy generally directs that the investment managers should select investments to achieve the following goals: principal preservation, adequate liquidity, and return. As of December 31, 2023, our cash and cash equivalents are comprised of short-term highly rated (A rated securities and above) money market savings accounts and our short-term investments are comprised of highly rated corporate and government debt securities (A rated securities and above). The values of cash and cash equivalents and investment securities, available-for-sale as of December 31, 2023, are as follows (in thousands):

Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

Our major contract and collaborative research and development agreements, product sales, and licensing activity payments are currently made in U.S. dollars or Euros. Changes in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to the Euro and other currencies may affect revenue and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars. In addition, our international subsidiary financial statements are denominated in Euros. As such, the consolidated financial statements will continue to remain subject to the impact of foreign currency translation as our international operations continue to expand. We may enter into foreign currency hedges to offset material exposure to currency fluctuations when we can adequately determine the timing and amounts of the exposure.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

MicroVision, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of MicroVision, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and schedule (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 29, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Business Combination – Valuation of Acquired Intangible Assets

As described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company acquired certain net assets of Ibeo Automotive Systems (Ibeo), a lidar hardware and software provider based in Hamburg, Germany for total consideration of approximately EUR 20.0 million or $21.6 million, subject to settlement of working capital adjustments. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and included acquired intangible assets.

We identified the business combination, and in particular, the valuation of acquired intangible assets, as a critical audit matter because determining the fair value of acquired intangible assets required management to use complex valuation models based on underlying assumptions to estimate future cash flows. This, in turn, required significant and subjective auditor judgment, including the need to involve fair value specialists, in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence obtained.

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included:

● Testing the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of internal controls over the valuation of acquired intangible assets, including controls surrounding the valuation methodology and selection of assumptions used in the determination of the fair value of acquired intangible assets.

● With the assistance of valuation specialists, testing the reasonableness of the valuation methodology, discount rate, royalty rate, contributory asset rate, internal rate of return, and weighted average cost of capital used to estimate the fair value of acquired intangible assets.

● Testing the significant assumptions used to estimate future cash flows by testing the underlying data to supporting the assumptions and comparing the assumptions to industry trends and subsequent results to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates as of the date of the acquisition.

/s/ Moss Adams LLP

Seattle, Washington

February 29, 2024

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

MicroVision, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.