Kilroy Realty (KRC) 424B5Prospectus supplement for primary offering

FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 424(b)(5)
REGISTRATION NO. 333-267440 and
REGISTRATION NO. 333-267440-01

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are not an offer to sell these securities, and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, Dated January 9, 2024

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus dated September 15, 2022)

Kilroy Realty, L.P.

$                    

    % Senior Notes due 20

guaranteed by

Kilroy Realty Corporation

The notes will bear interest at the rate of    % per year. Interest on the notes will be payable semi-annually in arrears on                and                 of each year, beginning                , 20    . The notes will mature on                ,                  20     unless earlier redeemed as described in this prospectus supplement.

Kilroy Realty, L.P., which we refer to as the operating partnership, may, at its option, redeem the notes at any time in whole or from time to time in part at the applicable redemption price described under “Description of Notes—Redemption of the Notes at the Option of the Operating Partnership” in this prospectus supplement.

The notes will be senior unsecured obligations of the operating partnership and will rank equally in right of payment with all of its other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to, among other things, all of its existing and future mortgage indebtedness and other secured indebtedness (to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness) and to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, whether secured or unsecured, of the operating partnership’s subsidiaries. The notes will be guaranteed by Kilroy Realty Corporation, which we refer to as the Company. The Company has no material assets other than its investment in the operating partnership.

The notes are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the notes on any securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes in any quotation system.

An investment in the notes involves various risks and prospective investors should carefully consider the matters discussed under “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-6 of this prospectus supplement and the matters discussed in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus before making a decision to invest in the notes.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

We expect that the notes will be ready for delivery in book-entry form through The Depository Trust Company on or about                , 2024.

Joint-Book Running Managers

The date of this prospectus supplement is                 , 2024.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prospectus Supplement

Prospectus

Kilroy Realty, L.P., or the operating partnership, is a Delaware limited partnership, and Kilroy Realty Corporation, or the Company or guarantor, is the sole general partner of the operating partnership. Unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, “we,” “us” and “our” refer collectively to the Company, the operating partnership and the Company’s other subsidiaries. References in this prospectus supplement to our or the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility mean the operating partnership’s $1.1 billion unsecured revolving credit

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facility, references in this prospectus supplement to our or the operating partnership’s term loan facility means the operating partnership’s $520.0 million unsecured term loan facility and references in this prospectus supplement to our or the operating partnership’s unsecured private placement notes mean (i) the operating partnership’s unsecured 4.30% senior notes, series A, due July 18, 2026, (ii) the operating partnership’s unsecured 4.35% senior notes, series B, due October 18, 2026, (iii) the operating partnership’s unsecured 3.35% senior notes, series A, due February 17, 2027, (iv) the operating partnership’s unsecured 3.45% senior notes, series B, due February 17, 2029, and (v) the operating partnership’s unsecured 4.27% senior notes due January 31, 2031, issued in private placements by the operating partnership, in each case unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires and, in each case as amended or supplemented from time to time. Borrowings under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility, term loan facility and unsecured private placement notes are guaranteed by the Company.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein and any free writing prospectus that we may prepare in connection with this offering. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with any information or make any representation that is different. If anyone provides you with any additional or different information, you should not rely on it. Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus nor any such free writing prospectus is an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the notes to which this prospectus supplement relates or an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction where, or to any person to whom, it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein or any free writing prospectus that we may provide you in connection with this offering is accurate on any date after the respective dates of those documents or, in the case of documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, after the respective dates those documents were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, funds from operations and prospects may have changed since those respective dates.

Industry and Market Data

In this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated and deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, we refer to information and statistics regarding, among other things, the industry, markets, submarkets and sectors in which we operate, which may include, among other things, whether and, if applicable, the percentage by which certain leases are above or below applicable market rents, estimated completion dates and costs of properties under development or redevelopment or in the tenant improvement phase, and the number of square feet of office and other space that we estimate could be developed from specific parcels of undeveloped land, which we refer to as “density,” or that we expect will be included in properties under development or redevelopment. We obtained this information and these statistics from various third-party sources and our own internal estimates. We believe that these sources and estimates are reliable, but this information and these statistics (whether obtained from third-party sources or based on our internal estimates) are subject to assumptions, estimates and other uncertainties, and we have not independently verified them and cannot guarantee their accuracy or completeness.

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in the notes involves risks. Before acquiring any notes pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should carefully consider the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein and any free writing prospectus that we may provide you in connection with this offering, including, without limitation, the risks set forth below and under the captions “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Kilroy Realty Corporation’s and Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, under the captions “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Kilroy Realty Corporation’s and Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and as described in other filings of Kilroy Realty Corporation and Kilroy Realty, L.P. with the SEC, that are incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. The occurrence of any of these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, funds from operations and prospects, as well as the trading price of the notes, and might cause you to lose all or a part of your investment in the notes. Please also refer to the sections in this prospectus supplement entitled “Industry and Market Data” and “Forward-Looking Statements.”

The effective subordination of the notes may limit our ability to satisfy our obligations under the notes.

The notes will be the operating partnership’s senior unsecured obligations and will rank equally in right of payment with all of its other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The notes will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to:

Similarly, the Company’s guarantee of the notes will be its senior unsecured obligation and will rank equally in right of payment with all of its other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and senior unsecured guarantees. The Company’s guarantee of the notes will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to:

The indenture that will govern the notes will not prohibit the operating partnership, the Company or any of their respective subsidiaries from incurring secured or unsecured indebtedness in the future and, although the indenture will contain covenants that will limit the ability of the operating partnership and its subsidiaries to

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incur secured and unsecured indebtedness, those covenants are subject to significant exceptions and limitations, and in any event the operating partnership and its subsidiaries may be able, without taking advantage of any such exceptions and limitations, to incur substantial amounts of additional secured and unsecured indebtedness without violating those covenants. Moreover, these covenants limiting the incurrence of indebtedness will not apply to the Company. For additional information, see “Description of Notes—Certain Covenants.”

In the event of the bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up of the operating partnership or the Company, assets that secure any of their respective secured indebtedness, secured guarantees and other secured obligations will be available to pay their respective obligations under the notes or the guarantee of the notes, as applicable, and their other respective unsecured indebtedness, unsecured guarantees and other unsecured obligations only after all of their respective indebtedness, guarantees and other obligations secured by those assets has been repaid in full, and we caution you that there may not be sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all the notes or the guarantee of the notes, as the case may be, then outstanding. In the event of the bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up of any of subsidiaries of the operating partnership or the Company, the rights of holders of indebtedness and other obligations of the operating partnership (including the notes) or the Company (including its guarantee of the notes), as the case may be, will be effectively subordinated to the prior claims of that subsidiary’s creditors and of the holders of any indebtedness or other obligations of or guaranteed by that subsidiary, except to the extent that the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be, is itself a creditor with recognized claims against that subsidiary, in which case those claims would still be effectively subordinated to all indebtedness, guarantees and other obligations secured by mortgages or other liens on the assets of that subsidiary (to the extent of the value of those assets) and would be subordinate to all indebtedness, guarantees and other obligations of that subsidiary senior to that held by the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be. Moreover, in the event of the bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up of any subsidiary of the operating partnership or the Company, the rights of holders of indebtedness and other obligations of the operating partnership (including the notes) or the Company (including its guarantee of the notes), as the case may be, will be effectively subordinated to any preferred equity interests in that subsidiary held by persons other than the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be. In addition, in the event of the bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up of any entity that the operating partnership or the Company accounts for using the equity method of accounting, the rights of holders of indebtedness and other obligations of the operating partnership (including the notes) or the Company (including its guarantee of the notes), as the case may be, will be subject to the prior claims of that entity’s creditors and the holders of any indebtedness or other obligations of or guaranteed by that entity, except to the extent that the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be, is itself a creditor with recognized claims against that entity, in which case those claims would still be effectively subordinated to all indebtedness, guarantees and other obligations secured by mortgages or other liens on the assets of that entity (to the extent of the value of those assets) and would be subordinate to all indebtedness, guarantees and other obligations of that entity senior to that held by the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be.

As of December 31, 2023, the operating partnership (excluding its subsidiaries) had no borrowings outstanding under its revolving credit facility and, in addition to trade payables and other liabilities, approximately $4.3 billion aggregate principal amount of outstanding unsecured indebtedness (including borrowings outstanding under its term loan facility, but before the impact of $18.2 million of unamortized deferred financing costs and $5.3 million of unamortized discounts for its unsecured senior notes and term loan facility), and had $1.1 billion of unused borrowing capacity available (subject to customary conditions) under its $1.1 billion revolving credit facility and its $520.0 million term loan facility was fully drawn. In addition, the operating partnership may elect to increase its total borrowing capacity (subject to receiving additional lender commitments and customary conditions) under its revolving credit facility and/or term loan facility by up to $630.0 million in the aggregate (which may consist of an increase in the amount of permissible revolving credit borrowings and/or the amount of permissible term loan borrowings), for a maximum combined borrowing capacity of up to $1.7 billion. As of December 31, 2023, the Company (excluding its subsidiaries) had no outstanding indebtedness and had guaranteed the operating partnership’s borrowings under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility, term loan facility and other outstanding indebtedness of the operating

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partnership totaling approximately $4.3 billion aggregate principal amount (before the impact of the unamortized deferred financing costs and the unamortized discounts for the unsecured senior notes and term loan facility referred to above). As of December 31, 2023, the subsidiaries of the operating partnership and the subsidiaries of the Company (excluding the operating partnership) had approximately $612.7 million of secured indebtedness outstanding (before the impact of $9.5 million of unamortized deferred financing costs) and no outstanding unsecured indebtedness, in addition to their trade payables and other liabilities. In addition, as of December 31, 2023, the subsidiaries of the operating partnership and the subsidiaries of the Company did not guarantee any indebtedness of the operating partnership or the Company.

We may not be able to meet our debt service obligations.

Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, including the notes, and to fund our operations, working capital and capital expenditures, depends on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our cash flow is subject to general economic, industry, financial, competitive, operating, legislative, regulatory, environmental and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

The instruments and agreements governing some of our outstanding indebtedness (including borrowings under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility, term loan facility and unsecured private placement notes) contain provisions that require us to repurchase for cash or repay that indebtedness under specified circumstances or upon the occurrence of specified events (including upon the acquisition by any person or group of more than a specified percentage of the aggregate voting power of all of the Company’s issued and outstanding voting stock, upon certain changes in the composition of a majority of the members of the Company’s board of directors, if the Company or one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries ceases to be the sole general partner of the operating partnership or the Company ceases to own, directly or indirectly, at least 60% of the voting equity interests in the operating partnership) and our future debt agreements and debt securities may contain similar provisions or may require that we repay or repurchase or offer to repurchase for cash the applicable indebtedness under specified circumstances or upon the occurrence of specified changes of control of the Company or the operating partnership or other events. We may not have sufficient funds to pay our indebtedness when due (including upon any such required repurchase, repayment or offer to repurchase), and we may not be able to arrange for the financing necessary to make those payments or repurchases on favorable terms or at all. In addition, our ability to make required payments on our indebtedness when due (including upon any such required repurchase, repayment or offer to repurchase) may be limited by the terms of other debt instruments or agreements. Our failure to pay amounts due in respect of any of our indebtedness when due would generally constitute an event of default under the instrument governing that indebtedness, which could permit the holders of that indebtedness to require the immediate repayment of that indebtedness in full and, in the case of secured indebtedness, could allow them to sell the collateral securing that indebtedness and use the proceeds to repay that indebtedness. Moreover, any acceleration of or default in respect of any of our indebtedness could, in turn, constitute an event of default under other debt instruments or agreements, thereby resulting in the acceleration and required repayment of that other indebtedness. Any of these events could materially adversely affect our ability to make payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness, including the notes, when due and could prevent us from making those payments altogether.

We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future sources of cash will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay amounts due on our indebtedness, including the notes, or to fund our other liquidity needs, including cash distributions to stockholders necessary to maintain the Company’s REIT qualification. Additionally, if we incur additional indebtedness in connection with future acquisitions or for any other purpose, our debt service obligations could increase.

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We may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness, including the notes, on or before maturity. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness or obtain additional financing will depend on, among other things:

As a result, we may not be able to refinance our indebtedness, including the notes, on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations, and additional borrowings or refinancings or proceeds of asset sales or other sources of cash are not available to us, we may not have sufficient cash to enable us to meet all of our obligations, including payments on the notes. Accordingly, if we cannot service our indebtedness, we may have to take actions such as seeking additional equity financing, delaying capital expenditures, or entering into strategic acquisitions and alliances.

Any of these events or circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, the trading price of our securities (including the notes) and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations and to pay dividends and distributions to our security holders. In addition, foreclosures of properties that we own could create taxable income without accompanying cash proceeds, which could require us to borrow or sell assets to raise the funds necessary to pay amounts due on our indebtedness, including the notes, and to meet the REIT distribution requirements under the Code, even if such actions are not on favorable terms.

Despite our substantial indebtedness, we may still incur significantly more debt, which could exacerbate the risks related to our indebtedness, and adversely impact our ability to pay the principal of or interest on the notes.

We may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. Although the agreements governing our secured and unsecured indebtedness limit, and the indenture governing the notes will limit, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of significant exceptions and, in addition, we will have the ability to incur additional indebtedness, which could be substantial, without violating the limitations imposed by these debt instruments. To the extent we incur additional indebtedness, we may face additional risks associated with our indebtedness, including our possible inability to pay the principal of and interest on the notes.

The Company has no significant operations, other than as the operating partnership’s general partner, and no material assets, other than its investment in the operating partnership.

The notes will be guaranteed by the Company. However, the Company has no significant operations, other than as general partner of the operating partnership, and no material assets, other than its investment in the operating partnership. Accordingly, if the operating partnership fails to make a payment on the notes when due, there can be no assurance that the Company would have funds to pay that amount pursuant to its guarantee. Furthermore, as described above under “—The effective subordination of the notes may limit our ability to satisfy our obligations under the notes,” the Company’s guarantee will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to:

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Federal and state laws allow courts, under specific circumstances, to void guarantees and require holders of guaranteed debt to return payments received from guarantors.

Under the federal bankruptcy law and comparable provisions of state fraudulent transfer laws, a court could void the guarantee of the notes provided by the Company or could subordinate the guarantee to all other debts and guarantees of the Company if, among other things, the Company, at the time it incurred or entered into its guarantee of the notes, received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for the incurrence of the guarantee and any of the following is also true:

In addition, under any of the circumstances described above, any payment by the Company pursuant to its guarantee of the notes could be voided and holders of the notes could be required to return those payments to the Company or to a fund for the benefit of the creditors of the Company.

The measures of insolvency for purposes of these fraudulent transfer laws will vary depending upon the law applied in any proceeding to determine whether a fraudulent transfer has occurred. Generally, however, a guarantor would be considered insolvent if:

Moreover, a court might also void the Company’s guarantee of the notes, without regard to the above factors, if it found that the Company entered into its guarantee with actual or deemed intent to hinder, delay, or defraud its creditors.

We cannot be certain as to the standards a court would use to determine whether reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration was received by the Company for its guarantee of the notes. If a court voided such guarantee, holders of the notes would no longer have a claim against the Company under such guarantee. In addition, the court might direct holders of the notes to repay any amounts already received from the Company under its guarantee.

If the court were to void the Company’s guarantee, require the return of monies paid by the Company under its guarantee or subordinate the guarantee to other obligations of the Company, we could not assure you that funds to pay the notes would be available from the operating partnership or any of our other subsidiaries or from any other source.

There is currently no trading market for the notes, and an active public trading market for the notes may not develop or, if it develops, be maintained or be liquid. The failure of an active public trading market for the notes to develop or be maintained is likely to adversely affect the market price and liquidity of the notes.

The notes are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the notes on any securities exchange or for inclusion in any quotation system. Although the underwriters have advised us that they intend to make a market in the notes, they are not obligated to do so and

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may discontinue any market-making at any time without notice. Accordingly, an active public trading market may not develop for the notes and, even if one develops, may not be maintained or be liquid. If an active public trading market for the notes does not develop or is not maintained, the market price and liquidity of the notes are likely to be adversely affected and holders may not be able to sell their notes at desired times and prices or at all. If any of the notes are traded after their purchase in this offering, they may trade at a discount, which could be substantial, from their purchase price.

The liquidity of the trading market, if any, and future trading prices of the notes will depend on many factors, including, among other things, prevailing interest rates, the financial condition, results of operations, business, prospects and credit quality of the operating partnership and its subsidiaries and the Company and its subsidiaries and other comparable entities, the market for similar securities and the overall securities markets, and may be adversely affected by unfavorable changes in any of these factors, many of which are beyond our control. In addition, market volatility or events or developments in the credit markets could materially and adversely affect the market value of the notes, regardless of the operating partnership’s, the Company’s or their respective subsidiaries’ financial condition, results of operations, business, prospects or credit quality.

The market price of the notes may fluctuate significantly.

The market price of the notes may fluctuate significantly in response to many factors, including:

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Many of the factors listed above are beyond our control. These factors may cause the market price of the notes to decline, regardless of our financial condition, results of operations, business or prospects. It is impossible to provide any assurance that the market price of the notes will not fall in the future, and it may be difficult for investors to resell the notes at prices they find attractive or at all.

Our management will have broad discretion in allocating the net proceeds of this offering.

Our management has significant flexibility in applying the net proceeds we expect to receive in this offering. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering as described in “Use of Proceeds,” but because the net proceeds are not required to be allocated to any specific investment or transaction, you cannot determine at this time the value or propriety of our application of the net proceeds, and you may not agree with our decisions. In addition, our use of the net proceeds from this offering may not yield a significant return or any return at all. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, business or prospects. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Holders of the notes will not be entitled to require us to redeem or repurchase the notes upon the occurrence of change of control or highly levered transactions or other designated events.

As of December 31, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under the operating partnership’s $1.1 billion revolving credit facility, and we had $1.1 billion of borrowing capacity available (subject to customary conditions) under the revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2023, we had $520.0 million of outstanding indebtedness under the operating partnership’s term loan facility, which was fully drawn. In addition, the operating partnership may elect to increase its total borrowing capacity (subject to receiving additional lender commitments and customary conditions) under its revolving credit facility and/or term loan facility by up to $630.0 million in the aggregate (which may consist of an increase in the amount of permissible revolving credit borrowings and/or the amount of permissible term loan borrowings), for a maximum combined borrowing capacity of up to $1.7 billion for the revolving credit facility and term loan facility. As of December 31, 2023, we had $850.0 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured private placement notes outstanding. The instruments and agreements governing some of our outstanding indebtedness (including borrowings under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility, term loan facility and unsecured private placement notes) contain provisions that require us to repurchase for cash or repay that indebtedness under specified circumstances or upon the occurrence of specified events (including upon the acquisition by any person or group of more than a specified percentage of the aggregate voting power of all of the Company’s issued and outstanding voting stock, upon certain changes in the composition of a majority of the members of the Company’s board of directors, if the Company or one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries ceases to be the sole general partner of the operating partnership or the Company ceases to own, directly or indirectly, at least 60% of the voting equity interests in the operating partnership) and our future debt agreements and debt securities may contain similar provisions or may require that we repay or repurchase or offer to repurchase for cash the applicable indebtedness under specified circumstances or upon the occurrence of specified changes of control of the Company or the operating partnership or other events. The notes offered hereby do not have any similar rights to require us to repurchase or repay the notes, whether upon the occurrence of a change of control or highly leveraged transaction or otherwise, even though these transactions could increase the amount of our indebtedness or otherwise adversely affect our capital structure or credit ratings, thereby adversely affecting the market value of the notes. These provisions may also allow holders of that other indebtedness to be repaid upon the occurrence of specified transactions or events, which may deplete our available cash and sources of financing and make it difficult or impossible for us to make payments on the notes when due.

An increase in interest rates could result in a decrease in the market value of the notes.

In general, as market interest rates rise, notes bearing interest at a fixed rate generally decline in value. Consequently, if you purchase these notes and market interest rates increase, the market value of your notes may decline. We cannot predict the future level of market interest rates.

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A downgrade in our credit ratings could materially adversely affect our business and financial condition and the market value of the notes.

The credit ratings assigned to the notes and other debt securities of the operating partnership could change based upon, among other things, our results of operations and financial condition. These ratings are subject to ongoing evaluation by credit rating agencies, and we cannot assure you that any rating will not be changed or withdrawn by a rating agency in the future if, in its judgment, circumstances warrant. Moreover, these credit ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold the notes or any other securities. If any of the credit rating agencies that have rated the notes or other debt securities of the operating partnership downgrades or lowers its credit rating, or if any credit rating agency indicates that it has placed any such rating on a so- called “watch list” for a possible downgrading or lowering or otherwise indicates that its outlook for that rating is negative, it could have a material adverse effect on our costs and availability of capital, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations (including payments on the notes) and to make dividends and distributions to our security holders and could also have a material adverse effect on the market value of the notes.

The notes are subject to early redemption.

As described under “Description of Notes—Redemption of the Notes at the Option of the Operating Partnership,” the operating partnership may, at its option, redeem the notes offered hereby at any time in whole or from time to time in part at the redemption prices described under such caption. Consequently, the operating partnership may choose to redeem your notes at times when prevailing interest rates are lower than the effective interest rate on your notes. If that were to occur, you may be unable to reinvest your redemption proceeds in an investment with a return that is as high as the return you would have earned on the notes had they not been redeemed and that presents a similar level of investment risk as the notes.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, contain, and documents we subsequently file with the SEC and incorporate by reference herein or therein may contain, certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, including, among other things, statements or information concerning our plans, objectives, capital resources, portfolio performance, results of operations, projected future occupancy and rental rates, lease expirations, debt maturities, potential investments, strategies such as capital recycling, development and redevelopment activity, projected construction costs, projected construction commencement and completion dates, projected square footage of space that could be constructed on undeveloped land that we own, projected rentable square footage of or number of units in properties under construction or in the development pipeline, anticipated proceeds from capital recycling activity or other dispositions and anticipated dates of those activities or dispositions, projected increases in the value of properties, dispositions, future executive incentive compensation, pending, potential or proposed acquisitions, plans to grow our net operating income and funds from operations, our ability to re-lease properties at or above current market rates, anticipated market conditions and demographics, and other forward-looking financial data, as well as the discussion under the captions “—Factors That May Influence Future Results of Operations,” “—Liquidity and Capital Resources of the Company” and “—Liquidity and Capital Resources of the Operating Partnership” in the section “Managements’ Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s and the operating partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “believes,” “expects,” “projects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “pro forma,” “estimates” or “anticipates” and the negative of these words and phrases and similar expressions that do not relate to historical matters. Forward-looking statements are based on our expectations, beliefs and assumptions as of the dates on which those forward-looking statements were made, and are not guarantees of future performance. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to uncertainties, risks, changes in circumstances, trends and factors that are difficult to predict, many of which are outside of our control. Accordingly, actual performance, results and events may vary materially from those indicated or implied in the forward-looking statements, and you should not rely on the forward-looking statements as predictions of future performance, results or events. Numerous factors could cause actual future performance, results and events to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements, including, among others:

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The risk factors included in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, and documents we subsequently file with the SEC and incorporate by reference herein or therein, are not exhaustive and additional factors could adversely affect our business and financial performance. For a discussion of additional factors that could materially adversely affect the Company’s and the operating partnership’s business and financial performance, see the factors included under the caption “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying prospectus and in Kilroy Realty Corporation’s and Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as supplemented by the risks described under the caption “Risk Factors” in Kilroy Realty Corporation’s and Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as well as the other risks described in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein or in any free writing prospectus we may provide you with in this offering. All forward-looking statements are based on information that was available and speak only as of the dates on which they were made. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement that becomes untrue because of subsequent events, new information or otherwise, except to the extent we are required to do so in connection with our ongoing requirements under federal securities laws.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We expect that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $                 million, after deducting the underwriting discount and our estimated expenses.

We intend to use net proceeds from this offering to redeem or repay indebtedness and, to the extent not used for such purpose, for other general corporate purposes that may include funding development projects and acquiring land and properties. We may also hold net proceeds in cash, cash equivalents and/or marketable securities. Such indebtedness to be redeemed or repaid is expected to include $200.0 million of borrowings under the operating partnership’s term loan facility and may include borrowings, if any, under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2023, we had $520.0 million of outstanding indebtedness under the operating partnership’s term loan facility, which was fully drawn, and we had no borrowings outstanding under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility. The operating partnership’s term loan facility matures in October 2024 (which may be extended by two 12-month periods at the operating partnership’s election, subject to certain conditions) and, as of December 31, 2023, bore interest at a rate equal to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% (“Adjusted SOFR”) plus a margin of 0.950%. The operating partnership’s revolving credit facility matures in July 2025 (which may be extended by two six-month periods at the operating partnership’s election, subject to certain conditions) and, as of December 31, 2023, bore interest at a rate equal to Adjusted SOFR plus a margin of 0.900%.

As described above, we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to redeem or repay indebtedness, which is expected to include borrowings under the operating partnership’s term loan facility and may include borrowings, if any, under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility. Affiliates of most of the underwriters participating in this offering are lenders under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility and the operating partnership’s term loan facility, and the underwriters and/or their respective affiliates may from time to time hold debt securities or other indebtedness of the Company, the operating partnership or their respective subsidiaries. To the extent that net proceeds from this offering are used to repay any indebtedness of the Company, the operating partnership or any of their respective subsidiaries that is held by any of the underwriters or their respective affiliates, those underwriters and/or affiliates, as applicable, will receive proceeds from this offering through the repayment of that indebtedness. If 5% or more of such net proceeds (not including the underwriting discount) is used to repay indebtedness owed to at least one of the underwriters and/or affiliates of such underwriter, such underwriter or underwriters will be deemed to have a conflict of interest under Rule 5121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Inc., or FINRA. However, if such a conflict of interest were to occur, the appointment of a “qualified independent underwriter” would not be required under FINRA Rule 5121 because this offering is excluded from that requirement. For additional information, see “Underwriting (Conflicts of Interest)—Conflicts of Interest” and “Underwriting (Conflicts of Interest)—Other Relationships” in this prospectus supplement.

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DESCRIPTION OF NOTES

The notes will be issued pursuant to an indenture dated as of March 1, 2011 (the “base indenture”), as amended and supplemented by a supplemental indenture dated as of July 5, 2011 (the “supplemental indenture”; the base indenture, as amended and supplemented by the supplemental indenture, is referred to in this prospectus supplement as the “indenture”), in each case among the operating partnership, as issuer, the Company, as guarantor, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor in interest to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee. The terms of the notes include those stated in the indenture and those made part of the indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

The notes will be a series of “debt securities” referred to in the accompanying prospectus. The following description of some of the provisions of the notes and the indenture supplements, and to the extent inconsistent supersedes and replaces, the description of some of the general provisions of the debt securities and the indenture contained in the accompanying prospectus. The following description of some of the provisions of the notes, the officers’ certificate establishing certain terms of the notes and the indenture and the description of some of the general provisions of the debt securities and the indenture contained in the accompanying prospectus are not complete and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, the form of the notes and indenture which have been or will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which the accompanying prospectus is a part and which may be obtained as described under “Where You Can Find More Information” in the accompanying prospectus. We urge you to read those documents in their entirety because they, and not this description nor the description in the accompanying prospectus, define your rights as a holder of notes. You may request a copy of those documents from us as described in “Where You Can Find More Information” in the accompanying prospectus.

As used in this “Description of Notes” and in the “Description of Debt Securities and Related Guarantees” in the accompanying prospectus, references to the “operating partnership,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer solely to Kilroy Realty, L.P. and not to any of its subsidiaries and references to the “Company” or “guarantor” refer solely to Kilroy Realty Corporation and not to any of its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.

General

The notes:

The notes will constitute a single series of debt securities under the indenture and will initially be limited to an aggregate principal amount of $                 . The operating partnership may, without the consent of or notice to the

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holders of the notes, increase the principal amount of the notes by issuing additional notes of this series from time to time in the future. Any such additional notes will have the same terms and provisions as the notes offered hereby, except for any difference in issue date, issue price, date from which interest will begin to accrue, interest accrued prior to the issue date and first interest payment date of those additional notes. The notes offered hereby and any additional notes of this series that the operating partnership may issue in the future will vote and act together as a single series of debt securities under the indenture, which means that, in circumstances where the indenture provides for holders of the notes of this series to vote or take any action, the notes offered hereby and any additional notes of this series that the operating partnership may issue in the future will vote or take that action as a single series.

Except to the extent described below under “—Certain Covenants” and in the accompanying prospectus under “Description of Debt Securities and Related Guarantees—Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets,” the indenture governing the notes does not prohibit the operating partnership or the Company or any of the operating partnership’s or the Company’s subsidiaries from incurring additional secured or unsecured indebtedness or issuing preferred equity in the future, nor does the indenture afford holders of the notes protection in the event of (1) a recapitalization or other highly leveraged or similar transaction involving the operating partnership or the Company, (2) a change of control of the operating partnership or the Company or (3) a merger, consolidation, reorganization, restructuring or transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the operating partnership’s or the Company’s assets or similar transactions that may adversely affect the holders of the notes. The operating partnership or the Company may, in the future, enter into certain transactions, such as the sale of all or substantially all of the operating partnership’s or the Company’s assets or a merger or consolidation, that may increase the amount of the operating partnership’s or the Company’s indebtedness or substantially change the operating partnership’s or the Company’s assets, which may have a material adverse effect on the operating partnership’s ability to service its indebtedness, including the notes, or on the Company’s ability to pay amounts due under its guarantees of the notes. Furthermore, the notes and the indenture do not include any provisions that would allow holders of the notes to require the operating partnership or the Company to repurchase or redeem the notes in the event of a transaction of the nature described above. See “Risk factors—The effective subordination of the notes may limit our ability to satisfy our obligations under the notes” and “Risk Factors—Holders of the notes will not be entitled to require us to redeem or repurchase the notes upon the occurrence of change of control or highly leveraged transactions or other designated events.”

The operating partnership does not intend to apply to list the notes on any securities exchange or include them on any quotation system.

Interest

Interest on the notes will accrue at the rate of     % per year from and including                 , 2024 or the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or provided for, and will be payable semi-annually in arrears on                and                 of each year, beginning                 ,                 . The interest so payable will be paid to each holder in whose name a note is registered at the close of business on the                 or                 (whether or not a business day) immediately preceding the applicable interest payment date. Interest on the notes will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.

Ranking

The notes will be the operating partnership’s senior unsecured obligations and will rank equally in right of payment with all of the operating partnership’s other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness. The notes will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to:

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The indenture that will govern the notes will not prohibit the operating partnership, the Company or any of their respective subsidiaries from incurring secured or unsecured indebtedness or issuing preferred equity in the future and, although the indenture will contain covenants that will limit the ability of the operating partnership and its subsidiaries to incur secured and unsecured indebtedness, those covenants are subject to significant exceptions, and in any event the operating partnership and its subsidiaries may be able, without taking advantage of any such exceptions, to incur substantial amounts of additional secured and unsecured indebtedness without violating those covenants.

For additional information, see “Risk Factors—The effective subordination of the notes may limit our ability to satisfy our obligations under the notes.”

Company Guarantee

The Company will guarantee the operating partnership’s obligations under the notes, including the due and punctual payment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the notes, whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration, upon redemption or otherwise. Under the terms of the Company’s guarantee, holders of the notes will not be required to exercise their remedies against the operating partnership before they proceed directly against the Company. The Company’s obligations under the guarantee of the notes will be limited to the maximum amount that will not, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of the Company, result in the guarantee constituting a fraudulent transfer or conveyance. See “Risk factors—Federal and state laws allow courts, under specific circumstances, to void guarantees and require holders of guaranteed debt to return payments received from guarantors.”

The guarantee of the notes will be a senior unsecured obligation of the Company and will rank equally in right of payment with all other existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and senior unsecured guarantees of the Company. The Company’s guarantee of the notes will be effectively subordinated in right of payment to:

The covenants in the indenture that will limit the ability of the operating partnership and its subsidiaries to incur indebtedness will not apply to the Company.

The Company has no significant operations, other than as the operating partnership’s general partner, and no material assets, other than its investment in the operating partnership. Accordingly, if the operating partnership fails to make a payment on the notes when due, there can be no assurance that the Company would have funds to pay that amount pursuant to its guarantee. See “Risk factors—The Company has no significant operations, other than as the operating partnership’s general partner, and no material assets, other than its investment in the operating partnership.”

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For additional information, see “Risk Factors—The effective subordination of the notes may limit our ability to satisfy our obligations under the notes.”

Redemption of the Notes at the Option of the Operating Partnership

Prior to                    , 20    (     months prior to their maturity date) (the “Par Call Date”), the operating partnership may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, at a redemption price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount and rounded to three decimal places) equal to the greater of:

plus, in either case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date.

On or after the Par Call Date, the operating partnership may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date.

“Treasury Rate” means, with respect to any redemption date, the yield determined by the operating partnership in accordance with the following two paragraphs.

The Treasury Rate shall be determined by the operating partnership after 4:15 p.m., New York City time (or after such time as yields on U.S. government securities are posted daily by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), on the third business day preceding the date the notice of redemption is given based upon the yield or yields for the most recent day that appear after such time on such day in the most recent statistical release published by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System designated as “Selected Interest Rates (Daily)—H.15” (or any successor designation or publication) (“H.15”) under the caption “U.S. government securities–Treasury constant maturities–Nominal” (or any successor caption or heading) (“H.15 TCM”). In determining the Treasury Rate, the operating partnership shall select, as applicable: (1) the yield for the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 exactly equal to the period from the redemption date to the Par Call Date (the “Remaining Life”); or (2) if there is no such Treasury constant maturity on H.15 exactly equal to the Remaining Life, the two yields—one yield corresponding to the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 immediately shorter than and one yield corresponding to the Treasury constant maturity on H.15 immediately longer than the Remaining Life—and shall interpolate to the Par Call Date on a straight-line basis (using the actual number of days) using such yields and rounding the result to three decimal places; or (3) if there is no such Treasury constant maturity on H.15 shorter than or longer than the Remaining Life, the yield for the single Treasury constant maturity on H.15 closest to the Remaining Life. For purposes of this paragraph, the applicable Treasury constant maturity or maturities on H.15 shall be deemed to have a maturity date equal to the relevant number of months or years, as applicable, of such Treasury constant maturity from the redemption date.

If on the third business day preceding the date the notice of redemption is given H.15 TCM is no longer published, the operating partnership shall calculate the Treasury Rate based on the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity at 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the second business day preceding the date the notice of redemption is given of the United States Treasury security maturing on, or with a maturity that is closest to, the Par Call Date, as applicable. If there is no United States Treasury security maturing on the Par Call Date but there are two or more United States Treasury securities with a maturity date equally distant from the Par Call Date, one with a maturity date preceding the Par Call Date and one with a maturity date following the Par Call Date, the operating partnership shall select the United States Treasury security with a

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maturity date preceding the Par Call Date. If there are two or more United States Treasury securities maturing on the Par Call Date or two or more United States Treasury securities meeting the criteria of the preceding sentence, the operating partnership shall select from among these two or more United States Treasury securities the United States Treasury security that is trading closest to par based upon the average of the bid and asked prices for such United States Treasury securities at 11:00 a.m., New York City time. In determining the Treasury Rate in accordance with the terms of this paragraph, the semi-annual yield to maturity of the applicable United States Treasury security shall be based upon the average of the bid and asked prices (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) at 11:00 a.m., New York City time, of such United States Treasury security, and rounded to three decimal places.

The operating partnership’s actions and determinations in determining the redemption price shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, installments of interest that are due and payable on any interest payment date falling on or prior to a redemption date will be payable to the persons who were the registered holders of the notes (or one or more predecessor notes) at the close of business on the relevant record dates according to their terms and the provisions of the indenture. Written notice of redemption must be given to holders of the notes (or portions thereof) to be redeemed not less than 10 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date.

If the operating partnership redeems the notes in part, the trustee will select the notes to be redeemed (in principal amounts of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof) by such method as it deems fair and appropriate or, if applicable, as is required by the depository for notes in global form.

In the event of any redemption of notes, the operating partnership will not be required to:

Unless the operating partnership defaults in the payment of the redemption price and accrued interest on the notes (or portions thereof) called for redemption on a redemption date, then, from and after the redemption date, such notes (or portions thereof, as the case may be) shall cease to bear interest.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the operating partnership will not redeem the notes on any date if the principal amount of the notes has been accelerated, and the acceleration has not been rescinded or cured on or prior to the redemption date.

Certain Covenants

The following covenants will be applicable to the notes:

Aggregate Debt Test. The operating partnership will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur any Debt (including without limitation Acquired Debt) if, immediately after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt and the application of the proceeds from such Debt on a pro forma basis, the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Debt of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries (determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles) is greater than 60% of the sum of the following (without duplication):

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For purposes of this covenant, Debt will be deemed to be incurred by the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries whenever the operating partnership or such Subsidiary shall create, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable in respect thereof.

Debt Service Test. The operating partnership will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur any Debt (including without limitation Acquired Debt) if the ratio of Consolidated Income Available for Debt Service to Annual Debt Service Charge for the period consisting of the four consecutive fiscal quarters most recently ended prior to the date on which such additional Debt is to be incurred shall have been less than 1.5:1 on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt and the application of the proceeds from such Debt (determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles), and calculated on the following assumptions:

If the Debt giving rise to the need to make the calculation described in this covenant or any other Debt incurred after the first day of the relevant four-quarter period bears interest at a floating rate, then, for purposes of calculating the Annual Debt Service Charge, the interest rate on such Debt will be computed on a pro forma basis by applying the average daily rate which would have been in effect during the entire four-quarter period to the greater of the amount of such Debt outstanding at the end of such period or the average amount of such Debt outstanding during such period. For purposes of this covenant, Debt will be deemed to be incurred by the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries whenever the operating partnership or such Subsidiary shall create, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable in respect thereof.

Secured Debt Test. The operating partnership will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur any Debt (including without limitation Acquired Debt) secured by any Lien on any property or assets of the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries, whether owned on the date that the notes are originally issued or subsequently acquired, if, immediately after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt and the application of the proceeds from such Debt on a pro forma basis, the aggregate principal amount (determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles) of all outstanding Debt of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries which is secured by a Lien on any property or assets of the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries is greater than 40% of the sum of (without duplication):

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For purposes of this covenant, Debt will be deemed to be incurred by the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries whenever the operating partnership or such Subsidiary shall create, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable in respect thereof.

Maintenance of Total Unencumbered Assets. The operating partnership will not have at any time Total Unencumbered Assets of less than 150% of the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Unsecured Debt of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

Existence. Except as permitted by the covenant described in the accompanying prospectus under “Description of Debt Securities and Related Guarantees—Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets,” the operating partnership will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises, and the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises. However, neither the operating partnership nor the Company will be required to preserve any right or franchise if the board of directors of the operating partnership’s general partner or the Company (or any duly authorized committee of that board of directors), as the case may be, determines that the preservation of the right or franchise is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be.

Maintenance of Properties. The operating partnership will cause all of its properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or the business of any Subsidiary of the operating partnership to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair and working order and supplied with all necessary equipment and cause all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements to be made, all as in the judgment of the operating partnership may be necessary in order for the operating partnership to at all times properly and advantageously conduct its business carried on in connection with such properties.

Insurance. The operating partnership will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, keep in force upon all of its properties and operations insurance policies carried with responsible companies in such amounts and covering all such risks as is customary in the industry in which the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries do business in accordance with prevailing market conditions and availability.

Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. Each of the operating partnership and the Company will pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged before it becomes delinquent:

However, neither the Company nor the operating partnership will be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any tax, assessment, charge or claim the amount, applicability or validity of which is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.

Provision of Financial Information. The operating partnership and the Company will:

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The covenants described under this caption “—Certain Covenants” shall, insofar as they relate to the notes, be subject to covenant defeasance as described in the accompanying prospectus under “Description of Debt Securities and Related Guarantees—Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance,” provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the covenant of the operating partnership and the Company to do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect their respective existence (except as permitted by the provisions described in the accompanying prospectus under “Description of Debt Securities and Related Guarantees—Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets”) and the provisions described above under “—Provision of Financial Information” shall not be subject to covenant defeasance. In addition, the operating partnership and the Company may omit in any particular instance to comply, insofar as relates to the notes, with any covenant described under this caption “—Certain Covenants” (other than the covenant described under “—Provision of Financial Information”) if the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding notes waive such compliance.

Trustee

U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor in interest to U.S. Bank National Association) will initially act as the trustee, registrar and paying agent for the notes.

If the trustee becomes one of the operating partnership’s or the Company’s creditors, it will be subject to limitations on its rights to obtain payment of claims or to realize on some property received for any such claim, as security or otherwise. The trustee is permitted to engage in other transactions with the operating partnership, the Company or their respective subsidiaries. If, however, it acquires any conflicting interest, it must eliminate that conflict or resign.

Payments on the Notes; Paying Agent and Registrar; Transfer

The operating partnership will maintain an office or agency where notes may be presented or surrendered for payment and for registration of transfer and exchange. Interest on any note that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any interest payment date will be paid to the person in whose name that note (or one or more predecessor notes) is registered at the close of business on the applicable record date; provided, however, that except as provided in the next sentence, each installment of interest on any note may at the operating partnership’s option be paid by mailing a check for such interest to the address of the person entitled thereto as such address appears in the notes register or by wire transfer to an account maintained by the payee located

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inside the United States. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a (1) holder of certificated notes (if issued) in an aggregate principal amount of more than $5.0 million will have the right, upon application by such holder to the registrar for the notes not later than the relevant record date, to require that interest on those notes be paid by wire transfer in immediately available funds to that holder’s account within the United States, which application shall remain in effect until the holder notifies, in writing, the registrar to the contrary; and (2) the operating partnership will pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on notes in global form registered in the name of DTC or its nominee by wire transfer of immediately available funds to DTC or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered holder of such global notes. The operating partnership has initially designated the trustee as paying agent and registrar for the notes and its agency in Los Angeles, California as a place where notes may be presented for payment or for registration of transfer or exchange. The operating partnership may, however, change the paying agent or registrar without prior notice to the holders of the notes, and the operating partnership may act as paying agent or registrar.

If any interest payment date, stated maturity date or redemption date of a note is not a business day, the payment otherwise required to be made on such date may be made on the next business day with the same force and effect as if made on such interest payment date, stated maturity date or redemption date, as the case may be, and no interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after such interest payment date, stated maturity date or redemption date, as the case may be, until such next business day. All payments will be made in United States dollars.

A holder of notes may transfer or exchange notes at the office of the registrar in accordance with the indenture. Every note presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange or redemption shall (if so required by the operating partnership or the registrar) be duly endorsed, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the operating partnership and the registrar, duly executed by the registered holder thereof or such holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of notes, but the operating partnership may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection therewith, subject to limited exceptions.

The registered holder of a note will be treated as the owner of the note for all purposes.

No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Stockholders

No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in the indenture or any note or because of any indebtedness evidenced thereby shall be had against any past, present or future stockholder, employee, officer or director, as such, of the operating partnership or the Company (either in its capacity as the operating partnership’s general partner or as guarantor of the notes), all such liability being expressly waived and released by the acceptance of the notes by the registered holders and as part of the consideration for the issue of the notes.

Notices

The indenture provides that notices to holders of the notes will be given by mail to the addresses of holders of the notes as they appear in the note register.

Governing Law

The indenture, the notes and the guarantees endorsed on the notes will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

Definitions

As used under this caption “Description of Notes” and in the indenture, the following terms have the respective meanings specified below (the terms “Government Obligations,” “Subsidiary” and “Significant

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Subsidiary” are used in the accompanying prospectus and, as used therein, shall have the meanings set forth below):

“Acquired Debt” means Debt of a person:

Acquired Debt shall be deemed to be incurred on the date the acquired person is merged or consolidated with or into the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries or becomes a Subsidiary of the operating partnership or the date of the related acquisition, as the case may be.

“Annual Debt Service Charge” means, for any period, the interest expense of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, including, without duplication:

“Consolidated Income Available for Debt Service” for any period means Consolidated Net Income of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries for such period, plus amounts which have been deducted and minus amounts which have been added for, without duplication:

all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. “Consolidated Net Income” for any period means the amount of net income (or loss) of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries for such period, excluding, without duplication:

all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

“Debt” means, with respect to any person, any indebtedness of such person, whether or not contingent, in respect of:

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and also includes, to the extent not otherwise included, any obligation of such person to be liable for, or to pay, as obligor, guarantor or otherwise (other than for purposes of collection in the ordinary course of business), Debt of the types referred to above of another person (it being understood that Debt shall be deemed to be incurred by such person whenever such person shall create, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable in respect thereof). In the case of the fourth bullet point above, the term “Debt” shall not include any lease of property by such person as lessee which is required to be reflected on such person’s balance sheet as an operating lease in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

“Government Obligations” means securities which are:

and which, in either of the above cases, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof and also includes a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as provided by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

“Lien” means any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, charge, pledge, security interest, security agreement, or other encumbrance of any kind.

“Significant Subsidiary” means, with respect to the operating partnership or the Company, any Subsidiary which is a “significant subsidiary” (as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) of the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be.

“Subsidiary” means, with respect to the operating partnership or the Company, any person (as defined in the indenture but excluding an individual), a majority of the outstanding voting stock, partnership interests, membership interests or other equity interest, as the case may be, of which is owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be, or by one or more other Subsidiaries of the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be. For the purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means stock having voting power for the election of directors, trustees or managers, as the case may be, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency.

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“Total Assets” means the sum of, without duplication:

all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

“Total Unencumbered Assets” means the sum of, without duplication:

all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that, in determining Total Unencumbered Assets as a percentage of outstanding Unsecured Debt for purposes of the covenant set forth above in “Certain Covenants—Maintenance of Total Unencumbered Assets,” all investments in unconsolidated limited partnerships, unconsolidated limited liability companies and other unconsolidated entities shall be excluded from Total Unencumbered Assets.

“Undepreciated Real Estate Assets” means, as of any date, the cost (original cost plus capital improvements) of real estate assets, right-of-use assets associated with leases of property required to be reflected as finance leases on the balance sheet of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles and related intangibles of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries on such date, before depreciation and amortization, all determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that “Undepreciated Real Estate Assets” shall not include right-of-use assets associated with leases of property required to be reflected as operating leases on the balance sheet of the operating partnership and its Subsidiaries in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

“Unsecured Debt” means Debt of the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries which is not secured by a Lien on any property or assets of the operating partnership or any of its Subsidiaries.

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SUPPLEMENTAL DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY’S CHARTER AND BYLAWS

The information appearing in the accompanying prospectus and the related registration statement on Form S-3 (File Nos. 333-267440 and 333-267440-01) filed by the Company and the operating partnership with the SEC on September 15, 2022 (the “Registration Statement”) under the caption “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of the Company’s Charter and Bylaws” has been supplemented and a portion of such information has been superseded by the information appearing in Item 5.03 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (including exhibit 3.1 thereto) filed with the SEC on December 12, 2023, and the information appearing in Item 5.03 of, and in exhibit 3.1 to, such Current Report on Form 8-K is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and may be obtained as described under “Where You Can Find More Information” in the accompanying prospectus; provided that no information in, or exhibit to, such Current Report on Form 8-K that is deemed to have been “furnished” to, rather than “filed” with, the SEC shall be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or the related Registration Statement. See “Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference” in this prospectus supplement. In addition, the first bullet point appearing under the caption “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of the Company’s Charter and Bylaws—Meetings of Stockholders” in the accompanying prospectus and the related Registration Statement is hereby amended by adding the phrase “or the chief executive officer” after the word “president” in such first bullet point. Prospective investors should carefully review the information in Item 5.03 of, and in exhibit 3.1 to, such Current Report on Form 8-K, as well as the other information included and incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, before acquiring any of the notes offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

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UNDERWRITING (CONFLICTS OF INTEREST)

BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, PNC Capital Markets LLC and Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. are acting as representatives of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting agreement among the Company, the operating partnership and the representatives of the underwriters, the operating partnership has agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each of the underwriters has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the operating partnership, the principal amount of notes set forth opposite its name below.

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement, the underwriters have agreed to purchase all of the notes sold under the underwriting agreement if any of these notes are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated.

The operating partnership and the Company have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities in connection with this offering, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

The underwriters are offering the notes, subject to prior sale, when, as and if delivered to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel and other conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.

Discounts

The representatives of the underwriters have advised us that the underwriters propose initially to offer the notes to the public at the public offering price appearing on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and may offer notes to dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of            % of the principal amount of the notes. The underwriters may allow, and the dealers may reallow, a discount not in excess of             % of the principal amount of the notes to other dealers. After the initial public offering, the public offering price, concession and discount may be changed.

The following table shows the underwriting discount to be paid to the underwriters by us.

The expenses of this offering, not including the underwriting discount, are estimated at $500,000 and are payable by us.

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New Issue of Notes

The notes are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the notes on any securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes on any automated quotation system. We have been advised by the underwriters that they presently intend to make a market in the notes after completion of the offering. However, they are under no obligation to do so and may discontinue any market-making activities at any time without any notice.

We cannot assure you that an active trading market for the notes will develop or as to the liquidity of any trading market that may develop. If an active trading market for the notes does not develop, or, if developed, is not sustained, the market price and liquidity of the notes may be adversely affected.

Price Stabilization and Short Positions

In connection with the offering of the notes, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the notes. Specifically, the underwriters may overallot in connection with this offering, creating a short position. In addition, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, the notes in the open market to cover short positions or to stabilize the price of the notes. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the notes above independent market levels, but no representation is made that the underwriters will engage in any of those transactions or of the magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above, if commenced, may have on the market price of the notes. The underwriters will not be required to engage in these activities, and if they engage in these activities, they may end any of these activities at any time without notice.

Delayed Settlement

We expect that the delivery of the notes will be made against payment therefor on or about the settlement date specified on the cover page of this prospectus supplement, which will be the third business day following the date of pricing of the notes (such settlement cycle being referred to herein as “T+3”). Under rules of the SEC, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to that trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade the notes before the second business day prior to the settlement date specified on the cover page of this prospectus supplement will be required, by virtue of the fact that the notes initially will settle in T+3, to specify an alternate settlement cycle at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed settlement and should consult their own advisors.

Conflicts of Interest

As described above under “Use of Proceeds,” we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to redeem or repay indebtedness, which is expected to include borrowings under the operating partnership’s term loan facility and may include borrowings, if any, under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility. Affiliates of most of the underwriters participating in this offering are lenders under the operating partnership’s revolving credit facility and the operating partnership’s term loan facility and the underwriters and/or their respective affiliates may from time to time hold debt securities or other indebtedness of the Company, the operating partnership or their respective subsidiaries. To the extent that net proceeds from this offering are used to repay any indebtedness of the Company, the operating partnership or any of their respective subsidiaries that is held by any of the underwriters or their respective affiliates, those underwriters and/or affiliates, as applicable, will receive proceeds from this offering through the repayment of that indebtedness. If 5% or more of such net proceeds (not including the underwriting discount) is used to repay indebtedness owed to at least one of the underwriters and/or affiliates of such underwriter, such underwriter or underwriters will be deemed to have a conflict of interest under Rule 5121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Inc., or FINRA. However, if such a conflict of interest were to occur, the appointment of a “qualified independent underwriter” would not be required under FINRA Rule 5121 because this offering is excluded from that requirement. For additional information, see “Use of Proceeds” above and “—Other Relationships” below.

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Other Relationships

In addition to the matters discussed above under “—Conflicts of Interest,” some or all of the underwriters and/or their respective affiliates have engaged in, and/or may in the future engage in, investment banking, commercial banking, financial advisory and/or other commercial transactions and dealings in the ordinary course of business with the Company and the operating partnership and/or other subsidiaries of ours, for which they have received and/or in the future may receive fees and commissions.

In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of the Company or the operating partnership. To the extent that any of the underwriters or their respective affiliates have lending relationships with the Company or the operating partnership or any of our other subsidiaries, they may also choose to hedge their credit exposure to the Company or the operating partnership or any such subsidiary, as the case may be, consistent with their customary risk management policies. Typically those underwriters and their affiliates would hedge such exposure by entering into transactions, which may consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in securities of the Company or the operating partnership, as the case may be, including potentially the notes offered hereby. Any such credit default swaps or short positions could adversely affect future trading prices of the notes offered hereby. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of securities or financial instruments of the Company or the operating partnership and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Selling Restrictions

No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the United States) that would permit a public offering of the notes, or the possession, circulation or distribution of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any other material relating to us or the notes where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, the notes may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus nor any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the notes may be distributed or published, in or from any country or jurisdiction except in compliance with any applicable rules and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction.

Each of the underwriters may arrange to sell the notes offered hereby in certain jurisdictions outside the United States, either directly or through affiliates, where they are permitted to do so.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

None of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any related free writing prospectus is a prospectus for the purposes of the Prospectus Regulation (as defined below). This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any related free writing prospectus have been prepared on the basis that any offer of notes in any Member State of the European Economic Area (the “EEA”) will only be made to a legal entity which is a qualified investor under the Prospectus Regulation (each, an “EEA Qualified Investor”). Accordingly, any person making or intending to make an offer in any Member State of the EEA of notes which are the subject of the offering contemplated in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any related free writing prospectus may only do so with respect to EEA Qualified Investors. Neither the Company, the operating partnership nor the underwriters have authorized, nor do they authorize, the making of any offer of notes in the EEA other than to EEA Qualified Investors. The expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129, as amended.

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PROHIBITION OF SALES TO EEA RETAIL INVESTORS—The notes are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any retail investor in the EEA. For these purposes: (a) a “retail investor” means a person who is one (or more) of: (i) a retail client as defined in point (11) of Article 4(1) of Directive 2014/65/EU, as amended (“MiFID II”); or (ii) a customer within the meaning of Directive (EU) 2016/97, as amended, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or (iii) not an EEA Qualified Investor; and (b) the expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the notes to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the notes. Consequently no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014, as amended (the “PRIIPs Regulation”) for offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to retail investors in the EEA has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to any retail investor in the EEA may be unlawful under the PRIIPs Regulation.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

None of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any related free writing prospectus is a prospectus for the purposes of the UK Prospectus Regulation (as defined below). This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any related free writing prospectus have been prepared on the basis that any offer of notes in the United Kingdom will only be made to a legal entity which is a qualified investor under the UK Prospectus Regulation (each, a “UK Qualified Investor”). Accordingly, any person making or intending to make an offer in the United Kingdom of notes which are the subject of the offering contemplated in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any related free writing prospectus may only do so with respect to UK Qualified Investors. Neither the Company, the operating partnership nor the underwriters have authorized, nor do they authorize, the making of any offer of notes in the United Kingdom other than to UK Qualified Investors. The expression “UK Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law of the United Kingdom by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, as amended (the “EUWA”).

PROHIBITION OF SALES TO UNITED KINGDOM RETAIL INVESTORS—The notes are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any retail investor in the United Kingdom. For these purposes: (a) a “retail investor” means a person who is one (or more) of: (i) a retail client, as defined in point (8) of Article 2 of Regulation (EU) No 2017/565 as it forms part of domestic law of the United Kingdom by virtue of the EUWA; or (ii) a customer within the meaning of the provisions of the United Kingdom’s Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended (the “FSMA”) and any rules or regulations made under the FSMA to implement Directive (EU) 2016/97, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client, as defined in point (8) of Article 2(1) of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 as it forms part of domestic law of the United Kingdom by virtue of the EUWA; or (iii) not a UK Qualified Investor; and (b) the expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the notes to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the notes. Consequently, no key information document required by Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 as it forms part of domestic law of the United Kingdom by virtue of the EUWA (the “UK PRIIPs Regulation”) for offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to retail investors in the United Kingdom has been prepared and therefore offering or selling the notes or otherwise making them available to any retail investor in the United Kingdom may be unlawful under the UK PRIIPs Regulation.

The communication of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, any related free writing prospectus and any other document or materials relating to the issue of the notes offered hereby (together, the “Relevant Offering Documents”) is not being made, and the Relevant Offering Documents have not been approved, by an authorized person for the purposes of section 21 of the FSMA. Accordingly, the Relevant Offering Documents are not being distributed to, and must not be passed on to, the general public in the United Kingdom. The Relevant Offering Documents are for distribution only to persons who (i) have professional experience in matters relating to investments and who fall within the definition of investment

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professionals (as defined in Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the “Financial Promotion Order”)), (ii) fall within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Financial Promotion Order, (iii) are outside the United Kingdom, or (iv) are other persons to whom it may otherwise lawfully be made under the Financial Promotion Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”). The Relevant Offering Documents are directed only at relevant persons and must not be acted on or relied on by persons who are not relevant persons. Any investment or investment activity to which any of the Relevant Offering Documents relates will be engaged in only with relevant persons. Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on any of the Relevant Offering Documents or any of their contents.

Any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the FSMA) in connection with the issue or sale of the notes may only be communicated or caused to be communicated in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the operating partnership or the Company.

All applicable provisions of the FSMA must be complied with in respect to anything done by any person in relation to the notes in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia

No placement document, prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document has been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (“ASIC”), in relation to this offering. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not constitute a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act 2001 (the “Corporations Act”), and do not purport to include the information required for a prospectus, product disclosure statement or other disclosure document under the Corporations Act.

Any offer in Australia of the notes may only be made to persons (the “Exempt Investors”) who are “sophisticated investors” (within the meaning of section 708(8) of the Corporations Act), “professional investors” (within the meaning of section 708(11) of the Corporations Act) or otherwise pursuant to one or more exemptions contained in section 708 of the Corporations Act so that it is lawful to offer the notes without disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act.

The notes applied for by Exempt Investors in Australia must not be offered for sale in Australia in the period of 12 months after the date of allotment under this offering, except in circumstances where disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act would not be required pursuant to an exemption under section 708 of the Corporations Act or otherwise or where the offer is pursuant to a disclosure document which complies with Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act. Any person acquiring notes must observe such Australian on-sale restrictions.

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus contain general information only and do not take account of the investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs of any particular person. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain any securities recommendations or financial product advice. Before making an investment decision, investors need to consider whether the information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is appropriate to their needs, objectives and circumstances, and, if necessary, seek expert advice on those matters.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relate to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (“DFSA”). This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Offered

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Securities Rules of the DFSA. They must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein or therein and has no responsibility for this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. The notes to which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relate may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the notes offered should conduct their own due diligence on the notes. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus you should consult an authorized financial advisor.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The notes have not been and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document other than (i) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “SFO”) and any rules made under the SFO or (ii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “C(WUMP)O”), or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the C(WUMP)O; and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the notes has been or will be issued or has been or will be in the possession of any person for the purposes of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere) which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to notes which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” as defined in the SFO and any rules made under the SFO.

You are advised to exercise caution in relation to the offer. If you are in any doubt about the contents of this prospectus supplement and/or the accompanying prospectus, you should obtain independent professional advice.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The notes have not been and will not be registered pursuant to Article 4, Paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act of Japan (Act No. 25 of 1948, as amended) (the “FIEA”), on the grounds that the offering of the notes in Japan is made as a private placement for a small number of investors as prescribed under Article 2, Paragraph 3, Item 2 (III) of the FIEA.

Accordingly, the notes will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the account or benefit of any resident in Japan (which term, as used herein, means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to, or for the account or benefit of, others for reoffering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Japan, except under circumstances which will result in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations and guidelines, including the requirements applicable to such private placement for a small number of investors under the FIEA, under which the notes may be offered to up to 49 offerees in Japan and may only be transferred en bloc without subdivision to a single investor.

Any offeree in Japan shall acknowledge and agree that it does not need any explanation of important matters under the Financial Instruments Sales Act of Japan (Act No. 101 of 2000, as amended).

Subject to the foregoing, the notes may be offered in Japan to qualified institutional investors (as defined in Article 2, Paragraph 3, Item 1 of the FIEA and Article 10 of the Ministerial Ordinance Concerning Definitions provided in Article 2 of the FIEA), with the exclusion from the counting of the 49 offerees above. Any qualified institutional investor who acquires the notes is subject to the resale restriction that such qualified institutional investor cannot further assign the notes to anyone other than another qualified institutional investor, and such assignment shall be made with the condition of entry into an agreement setting forth such transfer restriction.

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Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been registered as a prospectus under the Securities and Futures Act 2001 (the “SFA”) by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, and the offer of the notes in Singapore is made primarily pursuant to the exemptions under Sections 274 and 275 of the SFA. Accordingly, this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the notes may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the notes be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to any person in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA) (an “Institutional Investor”) pursuant to Section 274 of the SFA, (ii) to an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA) (an “Accredited Investor”) or other relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) (a “Relevant Person”) and pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer referred to in Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA and (where applicable) Regulation 3 of the Securities and Futures (Classes of Investors) Regulations 2018, or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with, the conditions of any other applicable exemption or provision of the SFA.

It is a condition of the offer that where the notes are subscribed for or acquired pursuant to an offer made in reliance on Section 275 of the SFA by a Relevant Person which is:

securities or securities-based derivatives contracts (each as defined in Section 2(1) of the SFA) of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within 6 months after that corporation or that trust has subscribed for or acquired the notes except:

Singapore Securities and Futures Act Product Classification—Solely for the purposes of its obligations pursuant to Sections 309B(1)(a) and 309B(1)(c) of the SFA, the operating partnership has determined, and hereby notifies all relevant persons (as defined in Section 309A of the SFA) that the notes are “prescribed capital markets products” (as defined in the Securities and Futures (Capital Markets Products) Regulations 2018) and “Excluded Investment Products” (as defined in MAS Notice SFA 04-N12: Notice on the Sale of Investment Products and MAS Notice FAA-N16: Notice on Recommendations on Investment Products).

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Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland

The prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are not intended to constitute an offer or solicitation to purchase or invest in the notes. The notes may not be publicly offered, directly or indirectly, in Switzerland within the meaning of the Swiss Financial Services Act (“FinSA”) and no application has or will be made to admit the notes to trading on any trading venue (exchange or multilateral trading facility) in Switzerland. Neither this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the notes constitutes a prospectus pursuant to the FinSA, and neither this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the notes may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or a document which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is automatically updated and superseded if information contained in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, or information that we later file with the SEC prior to the termination of this offering that is incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein, modifies or replaces such statements. We incorporate by reference the following documents we filed with the SEC:

We are also incorporating by reference any additional documents that we file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act on or after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the termination of this offering. We are not, however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions thereof or exhibits thereto, whether specifically listed above or filed in the future, that are deemed to have been “furnished to,” rather than “filed” with the SEC, including our compensation committee report and performance graph included or incorporated by reference in any Annual Report on Form 10-K or proxy statement, or any information or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K, or any exhibits filed pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K that are not deemed “filed” with the SEC. In addition, information appearing on, or that can be accessed through, websites maintained by the Company or the operating partnership is not a part of, or incorporated by reference in, this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or the related registration statement.

To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including exhibits, if they are specifically incorporated by reference in the documents, call or write Kilroy Realty Corporation, 12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200, Los Angeles, California 90064, Attention: Secretary (telephone (310) 481-8400).

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LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California. Certain legal matters relating to Maryland law will be passed upon for us by Ballard Spahr LLP, Baltimore, Maryland. Sidley Austin LLP will act as counsel for the underwriters.

EXPERTS

The financial statements of Kilroy Realty Corporation incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement by reference to Kilroy Realty Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and the effectiveness of Kilroy Realty Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports. Such financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance upon the reports of such firm given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

The financial statements of Kilroy Realty, L.P. incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement by reference to Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and the effectiveness of Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports. Such financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance upon the reports of such firm given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

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PROSPECTUS

KILROY REALTY CORPORATION

Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Depositary Shares, Warrants and Guarantees

KILROY REALTY, L.P.

Debt Securities

We may offer from time to time in one or more series or classes (i) debt securities of Kilroy Realty, L.P. which may be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Kilroy Realty Corporation, (ii) shares of Kilroy Realty Corporation’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, (iii) shares or fractional shares of Kilroy Realty Corporation’s preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, (iv) depositary shares representing fractional or multiple shares of Kilroy Realty Corporation’s preferred stock and (v) warrants to purchase preferred stock or common stock, referred to collectively in this prospectus as the offered securities, separately or together, in separate series in amounts, at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to this prospectus.

The specific terms of the offered securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, along with any applicable modifications of or additions to the general terms of the debt securities as described in this prospectus, and will include, where applicable (i) in the case of debt securities and, as applicable, related guarantees, the specific terms of such debt securities, which may be either senior or subordinated, secured or unsecured, and related guarantees, (ii) in the case of common stock, any initial public offering price; (iii) in the case of preferred stock, the specific title and any dividend, liquidation, redemption, conversion, voting and other rights and any initial public offering price; (iv) in the case of depositary shares, the fractional or multiple shares of preferred stock represented by each such depositary share; and (v) in the case of warrants, the duration, offering price, exercise price and detachability. In addition, such specific terms may include limitations on actual or constructive ownership and restrictions on transfer of the offered securities, in each case as may be appropriate to preserve Kilroy Realty Corporation’s status as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for United States federal income tax purposes.

The applicable prospectus supplement will also contain information, where applicable, about (i) certain United States federal income tax consequences relating to, and (ii) any listing on a securities exchange of, the offered securities covered by such prospectus supplement.

The securities may be offered directly, through agents we may designate from time to time or by, to or through underwriters or dealers. The securities also may be offered by securityholders, if so provided in a prospectus supplement hereto. We will provide specific information about any selling securityholders in one or more supplements to this prospectus. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any of the offered securities, their names, and any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement with or among them, will be set forth in, or will be calculable from the information set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. See “Plan of Distribution.” No offered securities may be sold without delivery of this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such series of offered securities.

Kilroy Realty Corporation’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol “KRC.” On September 14, 2022, the last reported sales price of Kilroy Realty Corporation’s common stock on the NYSE was $49.92 per share.

Before you invest in the offered securities, you should consider the risks discussed in “Risk Factors” on page 1.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or completeness of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is September 15, 2022.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Kilroy Realty, L.P., or the operating partnership, is a Delaware limited partnership. Kilroy Realty Corporation, or the Company or guarantor, is the sole general partner of the operating partnership. Unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, in this prospectus, “we,” “us” and “our” refer collectively to the Company, the operating partnership and the Company’s other subsidiaries, references to “Company common stock” or similar references refer to the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company and references to “common units” or similar references refer to the common units of the operating partnership.

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in either and any free writing prospectus that we may provide you in connection with the offered securities. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information or make any representation that is different. If anyone provides you with any additional or different information, you should not rely on it. Neither this prospectus nor the applicable prospectus supplement nor any such free writing prospectus is an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate or an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction where, or to any person to whom, it is unlawful to make an offer or solicitation. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in either or any free writing prospectus that we may provide you in connection with the offered securities is accurate on any date after the respective dates of those documents or, in the case of documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement, after the respective dates those documents were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, funds from operations and prospects may have changed since those respective dates.

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RISK FACTORS

Investment in the offered securities involves risks. Before acquiring any offered securities pursuant to this prospectus, you should carefully consider the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, in the applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectus that we may provide you in connection with the offered securities, including, without limitation, the risks set forth under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (or similar captions) in Kilroy Realty Corporation’s and Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, incorporated into this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement by reference, as updated in subsequent filings of Kilroy Realty Corporation and Kilroy Realty, L.P. with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, that are incorporated by reference in either. The occurrence of any of these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, funds from operations and prospects and might cause you to lose all or a part of your investment in the offered securities. Please also refer to the section entitled “Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, contain, and documents we subsequently file with the SEC and incorporate by reference herein or therein may contain, certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, including, among other things, statements or information concerning our plans, objectives, capital resources, portfolio performance, results of operations, projected future occupancy and rental rates, lease expirations, debt maturities, potential investments, strategies such as capital recycling, development and redevelopment activity, projected construction costs, projected construction commencement and completion dates, projected square footage of space that could be constructed on undeveloped land that we own, projected rentable square footage of or number of units in properties under construction or in the development pipeline, anticipated proceeds from capital recycling activity or other dispositions and anticipated dates of those activities or dispositions, projected increases in the value of properties, dispositions, future executive incentive compensation, pending, potential or proposed acquisitions, plans to grow our net operating income and funds from operations, our ability to re-lease properties at or above current market rates, anticipated market conditions and demographics and other forward-looking financial data. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “believes,” “expects,” “projects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “pro forma,” “estimates” or “anticipates” and the negative of these words and phrases and similar expressions that do not relate to historical matters. Forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, beliefs and assumptions, and are not guarantees of future performance. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to uncertainties, risks, changes in circumstances, trends and factors that are difficult to predict, many of which are outside of our control. Accordingly, actual performance, results and events may vary materially from those indicated or implied in the forward-looking statements, and you should not rely on the forward-looking statements as predictions of future performance, results or events. Numerous factors could cause actual future performance, results and events to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements, including, among others:

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The factors included in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, and documents we subsequently file with the SEC and incorporate by reference herein or therein, are not exhaustive and additional factors could adversely affect our business and financial performance. For a discussion of additional factors that could materially adversely affect the Company’s and the operating partnership’s business and financial performance, see the factors included under the caption “Risk Factors” in this prospectus, in the applicable prospectus supplement, in the Company’s and the operating partnership’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in the Company’s and the operating partnership’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as well as the other risks described in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein. All forward-looking statements are based on information that was available and speak only as of the dates on which they were made. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement that becomes untrue because of subsequent events, new information or otherwise, except to the extent we are required to do so in connection with our ongoing requirements under federal securities laws.

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THE COMPANY

We are a self-administered REIT active in premier office, life science and mixed-use submarkets in the United States. We own, develop, acquire and manage real estate assets, consisting primarily of Class A properties in Greater Los Angeles, San Diego County, the San Francisco Bay Area, Greater Seattle and Austin, Texas, which we believe have strategic advantages and strong barriers to entry. Class A real estate encompasses attractive and efficient buildings of high quality that are attractive to tenants, are well-designed and constructed with above-average material, workmanship and finishes and are well-maintained and managed.

Kilroy Realty Corporation is a Maryland corporation organized to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, which, as of June 30, 2022, owned its interests in all of its properties through the operating partnership, which is a Delaware limited partnership. We generally conduct substantially all of our operations through the operating partnership in which, as of June 30, 2022, Kilroy Realty Corporation owned an approximate 99.0% common general partnership interest. The remaining approximately 1.0% common limited partnership interest in the operating partnership as of June 30, 2022 was owned by non-affiliated investors and certain directors and officers of Kilroy Realty Corporation.

The Company’s outstanding common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “KRC.”

Our principal executive offices are located at 12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200, Los Angeles, California 90064. Our telephone number is (310) 481-8400.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the offered securities as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will not receive any of the proceeds from sales of offered securities by selling securityholders.

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES AND RELATED GUARANTEES

This section describes the general terms and provisions of the operating partnership’s debt securities. When our operating partnership offers to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a supplement to this prospectus, along with any applicable modifications of or additions to the general terms of the debt securities as described in this prospectus, including the terms of any related guarantees by the Company and the terms, if any, on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for other securities. To the extent the information contained in the prospectus supplement differs from this summary description, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement.

The debt securities may be offered either separately, or together with, or upon the conversion or exercise of or in exchange for, other securities described in this prospectus. Debt securities may be the operating partnership’s senior, senior subordinated or subordinated obligations and may be issued in one or more series. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be the operating partnership’s direct, unsecured senior obligations and will rank equally in right of payment with all of its other senior unsecured indebtedness.

Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be issued under the indenture dated as of March 1, 2011, as amended and supplemented by a supplemental indenture thereto dated as of July 5, 2011 (as so amended and supplemented, the “indenture”), among the operating partnership, the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as successor trustee. The indenture contains the full legal text of the matters described in this section. We have summarized select portions of the indenture below. The summary is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to all the provisions of the indenture, including definitions of the terms used in the indenture. Whenever we refer to particular sections or defined terms of the indenture in this prospectus or in a prospectus supplement, those sections or defined terms are incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement, and this summary also is subject to and qualified by reference to the description of the particular terms of a particular series of debt securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement. The form of the indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this prospectus is a part and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you. Capitalized terms used in the summary and not defined herein have the meanings specified in the indenture.

As used in this “Description of Debt Securities and Related Guarantees,” references to the “operating partnership,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer solely to Kilroy Realty, L.P. and not to any of its subsidiaries and references to the “Company” or “guarantor” refer solely to Kilroy Realty Corporation and not to any of its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.

General

The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of the Company’s board of directors and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a resolution of the Company’s board of directors, in an officer’s certificate or by a supplemental indenture. The particular terms of each series of debt securities, along with any applicable modifications of or additions to the general terms of the debt securities as described in this prospectus, will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to such series (including any pricing supplement or term sheet). A prospectus supplement, pricing supplement or term sheet may change any of the terms of the debt securities described in this prospectus.

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Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, we can issue an unlimited amount of the operating partnership’s debt securities under the indenture that may be in one or more series with the same or various maturities, at par, at a premium, or at a discount. We will set forth in a prospectus supplement (including any pricing supplement or term sheet) relating to any series of debt securities being offered, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities, if applicable:

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As discussed above, we may issue debt securities of the operating partnership that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. In addition, we may denominate the purchase price of any of the debt securities in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, and the principal of and any premium and interest on any series of debt securities may be payable in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units. The applicable prospectus supplement will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any such debt securities.

No Protection in the Event of a Change of Control

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities of any series will not contain any provisions which may afford holders of the debt securities of such series protection in the event the operating partnership or the Company has a change of control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change of control), which could adversely affect holders of debt securities.

Covenants

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement any restrictive covenants applicable to any issue of any series of debt securities.

Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the operating partnership and the Company may consolidate with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of their respective assets to, or merge with or into, any other entity, provided that the following conditions are met:

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Upon any such merger, consolidation or conveyance, the resulting, surviving or transferee person shall succeed to, and may exercise every right and power of, the operating partnership or the Company, as the case may be, under the indenture.

Events of Default

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture provides that the following events are “Events of Default” with respect to any series of debt securities:

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A supplemental indenture or officer’s certificate establishing the terms of a particular series of debt securities may delete, modify or add to the Events of Default described above.

If an Event of Default with respect to the debt securities of a particular series occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default specified in the last bullet above, which shall result in an automatic acceleration), then in every case the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series may declare the principal amount of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the debt securities of such series to be due and payable immediately by written notice thereof to the operating partnership and the Company (and to the trustee if given by the holders). However, at any time after the declaration of acceleration (or automatic acceleration) with respect to the debt securities of such series has occurred, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series outstanding may rescind and annul the declaration and its consequences if:

The indenture also provides that the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may waive any past default or Event of Default with respect to the debt securities of such series and its consequences, except, among other things, a default:

The trustee will be required to give notice to the holders of the debt securities of any particular series within 90 days of a default under the indenture with respect to the debt securities of such series known to a responsible officer (as defined in the indenture) of the trustee unless the default has been cured or waived; provided, however, that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of the debt securities of such series of any default with respect to the debt securities of such series (except a default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any or interest on the debt securities of such series) if responsible officers of the trustee in good faith determine the withholding to be in the interest of the holders of the debt securities of such series; and provided, further, that in the case of a default with respect to the debt securities of any series of the character specified in the penultimate bullet point of the first paragraph under this caption “Events of Default,” no such notice to holders of debt securities of such series shall be given until at least 60 days after the occurrence thereof.

The indenture provides that no holder of the debt securities of a particular series may institute any action or proceedings, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for any remedy thereunder, unless:

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This provision will not prevent, however, any holder of the debt securities of any series from instituting suit for the enforcement of payment of the principal of or premium if any, or interest on such debt securities on or after the respective due dates thereof.

Subject to provisions in the indenture relating to its duties in case of default, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request or direction of any holders of debt securities of any series then outstanding under the indenture, unless the holders of debt securities of such series shall have offered to the trustee reasonable security or indemnity. The holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or of exercising any trust or power conferred upon the trustee with respect to the debt securities of such series. However, the trustee may refuse to follow any direction which is in conflict with any law or the indenture or which may involve the trustee in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the holders of the debt securities of such series not joining therein.

Within 120 days after the close of each fiscal year, the operating partnership and the Company must deliver a certificate of an officer certifying to the trustee whether or not the officer has knowledge of any default under the indenture and, if so, specifying each default and the nature and status thereof.

Modification, Waiver and Meetings

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, modifications and amendments of the indenture will be permitted to be made pursuant to a supplemental indenture entered into by the operating partnership, the Company and the trustee with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture (including consent obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the outstanding debt securities of such series); provided, however, that no modification or amendment may, without the consent of the holder of each debt security affected thereby:

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, modifications and amendments of the indenture will be permitted to be made by supplemental indenture executed by the operating partnership, the Company and the trustee without the consent of any holder of the debt securities for, among other things, any of the following purposes:

The operating partnership and the Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with certain specified covenants in the indenture with respect to the debt securities of any series (which, if expressly stated in the prospectus supplement applicable to the debt securities of such series, may include any additional covenants specified in such prospectus supplement) if the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of such series waive such compliance. In determining whether the holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding debt securities have given any request, demand, authorization,

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direction, notice, consent or waiver under the indenture or whether a quorum is present at a meeting of holders of debt securities, the indenture provides that debt securities owned by the operating partnership, the Company or any other obligor upon the debt securities or the guarantees thereof or any affiliate of the operating partnership, the Company, or of any other such obligor shall be disregarded.

The indenture contains provisions for convening meetings of the holders of debt securities of any series. A meeting of the holders of debt securities of any series will be permitted to be called at any time by the trustee, and also, upon request, by the operating partnership or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series, in any case upon notice given as provided in the indenture. Except for any consent that must be given by the holder of each debt security affected by certain modifications and amendments of the indenture, any resolution presented at a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present will be permitted to be adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series; provided, however, that, except for any consent that must be given by the holder of each debt security affected as referred to above, any resolution with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action that may be made, given or taken by the holders of a specified percentage, which is less than a majority, in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series may be adopted at a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present by the affirmative vote of the holders of the specified percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series. Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of holders of debt securities of any series duly held in accordance with the indenture will be binding on all holders of the debt securities of such series. The quorum at any meeting called to adopt a resolution, and at any reconvened meeting, of the debt securities of any series will be holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series; provided, however, that if any action is to be taken at the meeting with respect to a request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which may be given by the holders of not less than a specified percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series, holders of the specified percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series will constitute a quorum with respect to that matter. In the absence of a quorum at the reconvening of any adjourned meeting, such adjourned meeting may be further adjourned for a period of not less than ten days; at the reconvening of any meeting adjourned or further adjourned for lack of a quorum, the persons entitled to vote 25% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities of such series shall constitute a quorum.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, if any action is to be taken at a meeting of holders of debt securities of any series with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action that the indenture expressly provides may be taken by holders of such series and one or more additional series acting collectively and voting together as a single class, there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for that meeting and the principal amount of outstanding debt securities of all such series that are entitled to vote in favor of that request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be taken into account in determining whether such action has been made, given or taken under the indenture.

Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to any series of debt securities, and the Company shall be released from its guarantee of the debt securities of such series (subject to the survival of a limited number of specified provisions) when:

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The indenture provides that the operating partnership may elect:

To effect legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, the operating partnership will be required to make an irrevocable deposit with the trustee, in trust for such purpose, of money and/or Government Obligations that, through the scheduled payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the principal, premium, if any, and interest on the debt securities of such series on the scheduled due dates or the applicable redemption date, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of the indenture and the debt securities of such series. Upon any legal defeasance (but not covenant defeasance) the Company will be released from its guarantee of the debt securities of such series.

The trust described in the preceding paragraph may only be established if, among other things:

In the event we effect covenant defeasance with respect to the debt securities of any series, then any failure by the operating partnership or the Company to comply with any covenant as to which there has been covenant defeasance will not constitute an Event of Default. However, if the debt securities of such series are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of any other Event of Default, the amount of monies and/or Government Obligations deposited with the trustee to effect such covenant defeasance may not be sufficient to pay amounts

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due on the debt securities of such series at the time of any acceleration resulting from such Event of Default. However, the operating partnership and the Company would remain liable to make payment of such amounts due at the time of acceleration.

Governing Law

The indenture, the debt securities and any guarantees endorsed on the certificates evidencing the debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York.

Book-entry System

The Global Notes

The debt securities of each series will be initially issued in the form of one or more registered debt securities in global form, without interest coupons, or the global notes. Upon issuance, each of the global notes will be deposited with the trustee as custodian for The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, and registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC.

Ownership of beneficial interests in a global note will be limited to persons who have accounts with DTC, or DTC participants, or persons who hold interests through DTC participants. We expect that under procedures established by DTC:

Beneficial interests in global notes may not be exchanged for notes in physical, certificated form except in the limited circumstances described below.

Book-entry Procedures for the Global Notes

All interests in the global notes will be subject to the operations and procedures of DTC. We provide the following summary of those operations and procedures solely for the convenience of investors. The operations and procedures of DTC are controlled by that settlement system and may be changed at any time. None of the operating partnership, the Company or the applicable underwriters are responsible for those operations or procedures.

DTC has advised us that it is:

DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between its participants through electronic book-entry changes to the accounts of its participants. DTC’s participants include securities brokers and dealers, including underwriters, banks and trust

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companies, clearing corporations and other organizations. Indirect access to DTC’s system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies; these indirect participants clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC participant, either directly or indirectly. Investors who are not DTC participants may beneficially own securities held by or on behalf of DTC only through DTC participants or indirect participants in DTC.

So long as DTC’s nominee is the registered owner of a global note, that nominee will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by that global note for all purposes under the indenture. Except as provided below, owners of beneficial interests in a global note:

As a result, each investor who owns a beneficial interest in a global note of any series must rely on the procedures of DTC to exercise any rights of a holder of debt securities of such series under the indenture (and, if the investor is not a participant or an indirect participant in DTC, on the procedures of the direct, or, if applicable, indirect DTC participant through which the investor owns its interest).

Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest with respect to the debt securities represented by a global note will be made by the trustee to DTC or DTC’s nominee as the registered holder of the global note. Neither the operating partnership, the Company nor the trustee will have any responsibility or liability for the payment of amounts to owners of beneficial interests in a global note, for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of those interests by DTC, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of DTC relating to those interests.

Payments by participants and indirect participants in DTC to the owners of beneficial interests in a global note will be governed by standing instructions and customary industry practice and will be the responsibility of those participants or indirect participants and DTC.

Transfers between participants in DTC will be effected under DTC’s procedures and will be settled in same-day funds.

Certificated Notes

If the debt securities of any series are initially issued as global notes, debt securities of such series in physical, certificated form will be issued and delivered to each person that DTC identifies as a beneficial owner of the debt securities of such series only if:

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following is a summary of some of the terms and provisions of the capital stock of Kilroy Realty Corporation. The following description does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the provisions of the Company’s charter and bylaws. See “Where You Can Find More Information.” As used in this “Description of Capital Stock,” references to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer solely to Kilroy Realty Corporation and not to any of its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.

Common Stock

General

The Company’s charter authorizes us to issue 280,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of June 30, 2022, we had 116,870,970 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.

Shares of our common stock:

We may pay distributions on shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to the preferential rights of any series or class of capital stock that we may issue in the future with rights to dividends and other distributions senior to the Company’s common stock. However, we may only pay distributions when the board of directors (in its sole discretion) authorizes a distribution out of legally available funds.

The Company’s board of directors may:

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Certain Provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL, the Company’s stockholders are generally not liable for our debts or obligations. If we liquidate, we will first pay all debts and other liabilities, including debts and liabilities arising out of the Company’s status as general partner of the operating partnership, and, second, any preferential distributions on any outstanding shares of our preferred stock. Each holder of the Company’s common stock then will share ratably in our remaining assets. All shares of the Company’s common stock have equal distribution, liquidation and voting rights, and have no preference or exchange rights, subject to the ownership limits in the Company’s charter or as permitted by the board of directors pursuant to executed agreements waiving these ownership limits with respect to specific stockholders.

Under the MGCL, we generally require approval by the Company’s stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to vote before we can:

Because the term “substantially all” of a company’s assets is not defined in the MGCL, it is subject to Maryland common law and to judicial interpretation and review in the context of the unique facts and circumstances of any particular transaction. Although the MGCL allows the Company’s charter to establish a lesser percentage of affirmative votes by the Company’s stockholders for approval of those actions, the Company’s charter does not include such a provision.

Preferred Stock

The Company’s charter authorizes us to issue 30,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, none of which are currently classified and designated or are outstanding. As of June 30, 2022, 30,000,000 shares of the Company’s preferred stock were available for classification, designation and issuance.

We may classify, designate and issue authorized shares of preferred stock, in one or more classes or series, as authorized by the board of directors without the prior consent of the Company’s stockholders. The board of directors may grant the holders of preferred stock of any class or series preferences, powers and rights—voting or otherwise—senior to the rights of holders of shares of the Company’s common stock. The board of directors can authorize the issuance of currently authorized shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control transaction that might involve a premium price for holders of shares of the Company’s common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. All shares of preferred stock which are issued and are or become outstanding are or will be fully paid and nonassessable. Before we may issue any shares of preferred stock of any class or series, the MGCL and the Company’s charter require the board of directors to determine the following with respect to such class or series:

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Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of the Company’s Capital Stock

Internal Revenue Code Requirements

To maintain the Company’s tax status as a REIT, five or fewer “individuals,” as that term is defined in the Code, which includes certain entities, may not own, actually or constructively, more than 50% in value of the Company’s issued and outstanding capital stock at any time during the last half of a taxable year. Constructive ownership provisions in the Code determine if any individual or entity constructively owns the Company’s capital stock for purposes of this requirement. In addition, 100 or more persons must beneficially own the Company’s capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year or during a proportionate part of a short taxable year. Also, rent from tenants in which we actually or constructively own a 10% or greater interest is not qualifying income for purposes of the gross income tests of the Code. To help ensure we meet these tests, the Company’s charter restricts the acquisition and ownership of shares of the Company’s common stock.

Transfer Restrictions in the Company’s Charter

Subject to exceptions specified therein, the Company’s charter provides that no holder may own, either actually or constructively under the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Code, more than 7.0%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock.

In addition, because rent from tenants in which we actually or constructively own a 10% or greater interest is not qualifying rent for purposes of the gross income tests under the Code, the Company’s charter provides that no holder may own, either actually or constructively by virtue of the constructive ownership provisions of the Code, which differ from the constructive ownership provisions used for purposes of the preceding sentence, more than 9.8%, by number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock.

We refer to the limits described in the two preceding paragraphs, together, as the “ownership limits.”

The constructive ownership provisions set forth in the Code are complex, and may cause shares of the Company’s common stock owned actually or constructively by a group of related individuals and/or entities to be constructively owned by one individual or entity. As a result, the acquisition of shares of the Company’s common stock in an amount that does not exceed the ownership limits, or the acquisition of an interest in an entity that actually or constructively owns the Company’s common stock, could, nevertheless cause that individual or entity, or another individual or entity, to own constructively shares in excess of the ownership limits and thus violate the ownership limits described above or otherwise permitted by the Company’s board of directors.

The Company’s charter permits the board of directors to waive the ownership limits with respect to a particular common stockholder if the board of directors, among other things:

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As a condition of this waiver, the Company’s board of directors may require opinions of counsel satisfactory to it and/or undertakings or representations from the applicant with respect to preserving the Company’s REIT status. The board of directors has waived the ownership limit applicable to the Company’s common stock for John Kilroy, members of his family and some of his or their affiliated entities, allowing them to own up to 19.6% of the Company’s common stock. However, the board of directors conditioned this waiver upon the receipt of undertakings and representations from Mr. Kilroy which it believed were reasonably necessary to conclude that the waiver would not cause us to fail to qualify and maintain the Company’s status as a REIT.

In addition to the foregoing ownership limits, the Company’s charter provides that no holder may own, either actually or constructively under the applicable attribution rules of the Code, any shares of the Company’s common stock if, as a result of this ownership:

If shares of common stock are transferred to any person in a manner which result in the Company’s capital stock being beneficially owned by less than 100 persons (determined without reference to any rules of attribution), the Company’s charter provides that the transfer shall be null and void in its entirety, and the intended transferee will acquire no rights in such common stock.

Under the Company’s charter, any person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire actual or constructive ownership of the Company’s shares of common stock that violate any of the foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership must give us notice immediately and provide us with any other information that we may request to determine the effect of the transfer on the Company’s status as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply if the Company’s board of directors determines that it is no longer in the Company’s best interest to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT.

The terms of any class or series of preferred stock that we may issue in the future may include restrictions on ownership and transfer, and provide for exceptions to or waivers of those restrictions, similar to those described under this caption “—Transfer Restrictions in the Company’s Charter,” as well as remedies for violation of those restrictions similar to those described below under “—Effect of Violation of Ownership Limits and Transfer Restrictions.”

Effect of Violation of Ownership Limits and Transfer Restrictions

The Company’s charter provides that if any transfer or other event occurs that, if effective, would result in any person owning shares of Company’s common stock in violation of the ownership limits or other restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock described above, the number of shares of common stock that otherwise would cause such person to violate the ownership limits or other restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock (the “excess shares”) will be transferred automatically to a trust, the beneficiary of which will be a qualified charitable organization selected by us or, if for any reason that transfer is not automatically effective, then the transfer of such excess shares shall be void ab initio and the purported transferee will not have any rights in such excess shares. The automatic transfer will be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the violative transfer.

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The trustee of the charitable trust must:

Excess shares transferred to the charitable trust shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to us at a price per share equal to the lesser of the price paid by the prohibited transferee or owner for the excess shares (or, if the event which resulted in the transfer to the charitable shares did not involve the purchase of the applicable stock for fair value, the market price of such shares on the day of the event which resulted in the transfer of such shares to the charitable trust) and the market price on the date we accept such offer. We will have the right to accept such offer until the charitable trust has sold the excess shares as described above.

The trustee shall be designated by us and be unaffiliated with us and any prohibited transferee or owner. Prior to a sale of any excess shares by the trust, the trustee will receive, in trust for the beneficiary, all dividends and other distributions paid by us with respect to the excess shares, and may also exercise all voting rights with respect to the excess shares.

The Company’s charter provides that, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that the shares have been transferred to the trust, the trustee shall have the authority, at the trustee’s sole discretion:

However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee may not rescind and recast the vote. Any dividend or other distribution paid to the prohibited transferee or owner, prior to our discovery that the shares had been automatically transferred to a trust as described above, must be repaid to the trustee upon demand for distribution to the beneficiary of the trust. If the transfer to the trust as described above is not automatically effective, for any reason, to prevent violation of the applicable ownership limit or as otherwise permitted by the board of directors, then the Company’s charter provides that the transfer of the excess shares will be void ab initio.

If the Company’s board of directors shall at any time determine in good faith that a person has acquired, intends to acquire or own, has attempted to acquire or own, or may acquire or own the Company’s common stock in violation of the limits described above, the Company’s charter provides that the board of directors shall take actions to refuse to give effect to or to prevent the ownership or acquisition, including, but not limited to:

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All certificates representing shares of the Company’s capital stock bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above.

All persons who own at least a specified percentage of the outstanding shares of the Company’s stock must file with us a completed questionnaire annually containing information about their ownership of the shares, as set forth in the applicable Treasury regulations. Under current Treasury regulations, the percentage is between 0.5% and 5.0%, depending on the number of record holders of the Company’s shares. In addition, each stockholder may be required to disclose to us in writing information about the actual and constructive ownership of the Company’s shares as the board of directors deems necessary to comply with the provisions of the Code applicable to a REIT or to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or governmental agency.

These ownership limitations could discourage a takeover or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of the Company’s shares of capital stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which stockholders might believe to be otherwise in their best interest.

Transfer Agent and Registrar for Shares of Capital Stock

Computershare Trust Company, N.A. is the transfer agent and registrar for shares of the Company’s common stock.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

We may issue warrants for the purchase of the Company’s preferred stock or common stock. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any other offered securities offered by the applicable prospectus supplement and may be attached to or separate from such offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between the Company and a warrant agent specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants of such series and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any provisions of the warrants offered hereby. Further terms of the warrants and the applicable warrant agreements will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. As used in this “Description of Warrants,” references to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer solely to Kilroy Realty Corporation and not to any of its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, including, where applicable, the following:

Copies of the applicable form of warrant agreement and warrant may be obtained from us upon request, and the statements made within this prospectus relating to the warrant agreement and warrant to be issued pursuant to the warrant agreement are summaries of certain anticipated provisions, and do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the applicable warrant agreement and related warrants.

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DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES

We may, at our option, elect to offer fractional or multiple shares of preferred stock, rather than single shares of preferred stock. In the event we exercise this option, we may issue depository receipts evidencing depositary shares, each of which will represent a fraction or multiple of, to be described in an applicable prospectus supplement, a share of a particular series of preferred stock. The preferred stock represented by depositary shares will be deposited under a deposit agreement between us and a bank or trust company selected by us. Subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, each owner of a depositary share will, in general, be entitled, in proportion to the applicable fraction or multiple of a share of preferred stock represented by the depositary share, to all of the rights and preferences of the preferred stock or other equity stock represented thereby, including any dividend, voting, redemption, conversion or liquidation rights. For a description of our common stock and preferred stock, see the descriptions in this prospectus under the heading “Description of Capital Stock.” As used in this “Description of Depositary Shares,” references to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer solely to Kilroy Realty Corporation and not to any of its subsidiaries, unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires.

The depositary shares will be evidenced by depositary receipts issued pursuant to the deposit agreement. The particular terms of the depositary shares offered by the applicable prospectus supplement will be described in the prospectus supplement, which may also include a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences.

Copies of the applicable form of deposit agreement and depositary receipt may be obtained from us upon request, and the statements made within this prospectus relating to the deposit agreement and the depositary receipt to be issued pursuant to the deposit agreement are summaries of certain anticipated provisions, and do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the applicable deposit agreement and related depositary receipts.

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DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL PROVISIONS OF THE PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF KILROY REALTY, L.P.

The following is a summary of certain terms and provisions of the Seventh Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the operating partnership, which we refer to, together with any subsequent amendments, supplements or restatements thereof, as the “partnership agreement.” The following description does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the provisions of the partnership agreement. For more detail, you should refer to the partnership agreement itself, which is incorporated by reference to our SEC filings. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Management of the Partnership

The operating partnership is a Delaware limited partnership. The Company is the sole general partner of the operating partnership and conducts substantially all of its business through the operating partnership.

As the sole general partner of the operating partnership, the Company exercises exclusive and complete discretion in the day-to-day management and control of the operating partnership. Subject to certain exceptions set forth in the partnership agreement, the Company can cause the operating partnership to enter into certain major transactions including acquisitions, dispositions and refinancings and cause changes in its line of business, capital structure and distribution policies. Limited partners may not transact business for, or participate in the management activities or decisions of, the operating partnership, except as provided in the partnership agreement and as required by applicable law.

The operating partnership may issue both preferred limited partnership interests and common limited partnership interests. As of June 30, 2022, the operating partnership did not have any preferred units issued and outstanding. In this discussion, we refer collectively to any preferred units the operating partnership may issue in the future as preferred units, and to the preferred units and the common units as the units.

Indemnification of the Company’s Officers and Directors

To the extent permitted by applicable law, the partnership agreement provides indemnity to the Company, as general partner, and its officers, directors, employees, agents and any other persons the Company may designate. Similarly, the partnership agreement limits the Company’s liability, as well as that of its officers, directors, employees and agents, to the operating partnership.

Transferability of Partnership Interests

Generally, the Company may not voluntarily withdraw from or transfer or assign its interest in the operating partnership without the consent of the holders of at least 60% of the common units including the Company’s interest. The limited partners may, without the consent of the general partner, transfer, assign, sell, encumber or otherwise dispose of their units in the operating partnership to family members, affiliates (as defined under federal securities laws) and charitable organizations and as collateral in connection with certain lending transactions, and, with the consent of the general partner, may also transfer, assign or sell their units to accredited investors. In each case, the transferee must agree to assume the transferor’s obligations under the partnership agreement. This transfer is also subject to the Company’s right of first refusal to purchase the limited partner’s units for our benefit.

In addition, without the Company’s consent, limited partners may not transfer their units:

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The Company may not engage in any “termination transaction” without the approval of at least 60% of the common units in the operating partnership, including the Company’s general partnership interest in the operating partnership. Termination transactions consist of:

In connection with a termination transaction, all common limited partners must either receive, or have the right to elect to receive, for each common unit an amount of cash, securities or other property equal to the product of:

If, in connection with a termination transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer is made to holders of Company common stock, and the common stockholders accept the purchase, tender or exchange offer, each holder of common units must either receive, or must have the right to elect to receive, the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property which that holder would have received if immediately prior to the purchase, tender or exchange offer it had exercised its right to redeem common units, received shares of Company common stock in exchange for its common units, and accepted the purchase, tender or exchange offer.

The Company also may merge or otherwise combine its assets with another entity with the approval of at least 60% of the common units if:

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The board of directors of the Company, in the Company’s capacity as general partner, will reasonably determine relative fair market values and rights, preferences and privileges of the limited partners as of the time of the termination transaction. These values may not be less favorable to the limited partners than the relative values reflected in the terms of the termination transaction.

The Company must use commercially reasonable efforts to structure termination transactions to avoid causing the common limited partners to recognize gain for federal income tax purposes by virtue of the occurrence of or their participation in the termination transaction. In addition, the operating partnership must use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the common limited partners to minimize any taxes payable in connection with any repayment, refinancing, replacement or restructuring of indebtedness, or any sale, exchange or other disposition of its assets.

Issuance of Additional Units Representing Partnership Interests

As sole general partner of the operating partnership, the Company has the ability to cause the operating partnership to issue additional units representing general and limited partnership interests. These units may include units representing preferred limited partnership interests.

Capital Contributions by the Company to the Operating Partnership

The Company may borrow additional funds in excess of the funds available from borrowings or capital contributions from a financial institution or other lender or through public or private debt offerings. The Company may then lend these funds to the operating partnership on the same terms and conditions that applied to the Company. In some cases, the Company may instead contribute these funds as an additional capital contribution to the operating partnership and increase its interest in the operating partnership and decrease the interests of the limited partners.

Tax Matters that Affect the Operating Partnership

The Company has the authority under the partnership agreement to make tax elections under the Code on the operating partnership’s behalf.

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Allocations of Net Income and Net Losses to Partners

The net income of the operating partnership will generally be allocated:

Net losses of the operating partnership will generally be allocated:

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the partnership agreement generally provides that the operating partnership’s adjusted net income (as defined in the partnership agreement) will first be allocated to the holders of any preferred units that the operating partnership may issue in the future to the extent of their preferred returns, with the remaining items of net income or net loss allocated according to the provisions described above. The allocations described above are subject to compliance with the provisions of Sections 704(b) and 704(c) of the Code and the associated Treasury regulations.

Operations and Management of the Operating Partnership

The operating partnership must be operated in a manner that will enable the Company to maintain its qualification as a REIT and avoid any federal income tax liability. The partnership agreement provides that the Company will determine from time to time, but not less frequently than quarterly, the net operating cash revenues of the operating partnership, as well as net sales and refinancing proceeds, pro rata in accordance with the partners respective percentage interests, subject to the distribution preferences with respect to any preferred units that the operating partnership may issue in the future. The partnership agreement further provides that the operating partnership will assume and pay when due, or reimburse the Company for payment of, all expenses that the Company incurs relating to the ownership and operation of, or for the benefit of, the operating partnership and all costs and expenses relating to the Company’s operations.

Term of the Partnership Agreement

The operating partnership will continue in full force and effect until December 31, 2095, or until sooner dissolved in accordance with the terms of the partnership agreement.

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Common Limited Partnership Units

General

The partnership agreement provides that, subject to the distribution preferences of any preferred units that may be issued in the future, common units are entitled to receive quarterly distributions of available cash on a pro rata basis in accordance with their respective percentage interests. As of June 30, 2022, 1,150,574 issued and outstanding common units were held by our common limited partners, which consisted of certain non-affiliated investors and certain directors and officers of the Company.

Redemption/Exchange Rights

Common limited partners have the right to require the operating partnership to redeem part or all of their common units for cash based upon the fair market value of an equivalent number of shares of Company common stock at the time of the redemption. Alternatively, the Company may elect to acquire those units tendered for redemption in exchange for shares of Company common stock. The Company’s acquisition will be on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, stock dividends, issuance of some rights, some extraordinary distributions and similar events. However, even if the Company elects not to acquire tendered units in exchange for shares of common stock, holders of common units that are corporations or limited liability companies may require that the Company issue common stock in exchange for their common units, subject to applicable ownership limits or any other limit as provided in the Company’s charter or as otherwise determined by the board of directors, as applicable. The Company presently anticipates that the Company will elect to issue shares of common stock in exchange for common units in connection with each redemption request, rather than having the operating partnership redeem the common units for cash. With each redemption or exchange, the Company increases its percentage ownership interest in the operating partnership. Common limited partners may exercise this redemption right from time to time, in whole or in part, except when, as a consequence of shares of common stock being issued, any person’s actual or constructive stock ownership would exceed the ownership limits, or any other limit as provided in the Company’s charter or as otherwise determined by the board of directors.

Common Limited Partner Approval Rights

The partnership agreement provides that if the limited partners own at least 5% of the common units representing common partnership interests in the operating partnership, including those common units held by the Company as general partner, the Company will not, on behalf of the operating partnership and without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% of the common units representing limited partnership interests in the operating partnership, dissolve the operating partnership, unless the dissolution or sale is incident to a merger or a sale of substantially all of the Company’s assets.

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CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF THE COMPANY’S CHARTER AND BYLAWS

The following is a description of certain provisions of Maryland law and the Company’s charter and bylaws. This description is not complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, Maryland law and the Company’s charter and bylaws. You should read the Company’s charter and bylaws, which are incorporated by reference to our SEC filings. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

The Board of Directors

The Company’s charter provides that the number of the directors shall be established by its bylaws, but cannot be less than the minimum number required by the Maryland General Corporation Law, or MGCL, which is one. The Company’s bylaws allow the board of directors to fix or change the number to not fewer than three and not more than 13 members. The number of directors is currently fixed at seven. A majority of the remaining board of directors may fill any vacancy, other than a vacancy caused by removal. A majority of the board of directors may fill a vacancy resulting from an increase in the number of directors. The stockholders entitled to vote for the election of directors at an annual or special meeting of the Company’s stockholders may fill a vacancy resulting from the removal of a director.

The Company’s charter and bylaws provide that a majority of the board of directors must be “independent directors.” An “independent director” is a director who is not:

No Cumulative Voting

Holders of shares of Company common stock have no right to cumulative voting for the election of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders, the holders of a majority of the shares of Company common stock entitled to vote will be able to elect all of the successors of the directors at that meeting.

Removal of Directors

The Company’s charter provides that its stockholders may remove a director only for “cause” and only by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors. The MGCL does not define the term “cause.” As a result, removal for “cause” is subject to Maryland common law and to judicial interpretation and review in the context of the unique facts and circumstances of any particular situation.

Election of Directors

The Company’s bylaws provide a majority vote standard for uncontested elections of directors. As a result, except in the case of directors to be elected by the holders of any class or series of the Company’s preferred stock, at each meeting of stockholders at which the election of directors is uncontested, a director nominee will be elected to the board of directors only if the number of votes cast “FOR” the nominee exceeds the number of votes cast “AGAINST” the nominee (with abstentions and broker non-votes not counted as a vote cast either “FOR” or “AGAINST” the director nominee). A plurality vote standard applies in contested elections, in which case stockholders will not be permitted to vote “AGAINST” any director nominee but will only be permitted to vote “FOR” or withhold their vote with respect to such nominee. An election will be considered to be contested if the Company’s secretary has received notice that a stockholder or group of stockholders has nominated or

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proposes to nominate one or more persons for election as a director and, at least 14 days prior to the date on which notice of the meeting is first mailed to stockholders, the nomination has not been withdrawn and would thereby cause the number of director nominees to exceed the number of directors to be elected at the meeting.

Under the MGCL, if an incumbent director is not re-elected at a meeting of stockholders at which he or she stands for re-election in an uncontested election, then the incumbent director continues to serve in office as a holdover director until his or her successor is elected and qualifies. However, the Company’s bylaws provide that if an incumbent director is not re-elected due to his or her failure to receive a majority of the votes cast in an uncontested election, the director will promptly tender his or her resignation as a director, subject to acceptance by the board of directors. The nominating and corporate governance committee of the board of directors will then make a recommendation to the board of directors as to whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation or whether other action should be taken. The board of directors will publicly disclose within 90 days of certification of the stockholder vote its decision and rationale regarding whether to accept, reject or take other action with respect to the tendered resignation. If a director’s tendered resignation is not accepted by the board of directors, such director would continue to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualified or his or her earlier death, retirement, resignation or removal. If a director’s tendered resignation is accepted, then the board of directors may, among other things, fill the resulting vacancy or decrease the size of the board of directors.

The Company is not Subject to the Maryland Business Combination Statute

The Company has elected not to be subject to the “business combination” provisions of the MGCL (sections 3-601 through 3-604) and it cannot rescind such election and become subject to these business combination provisions without the approval of holders of a majority of its shares entitled to vote.

In the event that the Company decides to be subject to the business combinations provision, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are generally prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. A business combination includes a merger, consolidation or share exchange. A business combination may also include an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined in the MGCL as:

A person is not an interested stockholder under the business combinations provisions of the MGCL if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which such person would otherwise have become an interested stockholder.

At the conclusion of the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

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These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. None of these provisions of Maryland law will apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of directors of the corporation prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder.

As a result of the Company’s decision not to be subject to the business combinations statute, an interested stockholder would be able to effect a “business combination” without complying with the requirements discussed above, which may make it easier for stockholders who become interested stockholders to consummate a business combination involving the Company. However, the Company cannot assure you that any business combinations will be consummated or, if consummated, will result in a purchase of shares of capital stock from its stockholders at a premium.

The Company is not Subject to the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Statute

The Company has elected in its bylaws not to be subject to the “control share acquisition” provisions of the MGCL (sections 3-701 through 3-710). If it wants to be subject to these provisions, its bylaws would need to be amended. Such amendments would require the approval of the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote.

Maryland law provides that “control shares” of a company acquired in a “control share acquisition” have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to vote, excluding shares owned by the acquiror or by officers or directors who are employees of the Company. “Control shares” are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other voting shares of stock previously acquired by the acquiror, or over which the acquiror is able to directly or indirectly exercise voting power, except solely by revocable proxy, would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:

“Control shares” do not include shares of stock the acquiring person is entitled to vote having obtained prior stockholder approval. Generally, “control share acquisition” means the acquisition of control shares.

A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition may compel the board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to consider voting rights for the shares. The meeting must be held within 50 days of demand. If no request for a meeting is made, the Company may present the question at any stockholders’ meeting.

If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then, subject to conditions and limitations, the corporation may redeem any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights previously have been approved, for fair value. Fair value is determined without regard to the absence of voting rights for control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of control shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of these appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid in the control share acquisition. Limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters’ rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.

The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the company is a party to the transaction, or to acquisitions approved or exempted by its charter or

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bylaws. Because the Company is not subject to these provisions, stockholders who acquire a substantial block of Company common stock do not need approval of the other stockholders before exercising full voting rights with respect to their shares on all matters. This may make it easier for any of these control share stockholders to effect a business combination with the Company. However, the Company cannot assure you that any business combinations will be consummated or, if consummated, will result in a purchase of shares of Company common stock from any stockholder at a premium.

Unsolicited Takeovers

Under certain provisions of the MGCL relating to unsolicited takeovers, a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and at least three independent directors may elect to be subject to certain statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers which, among other things, would automatically classify the board of directors into three classes with staggered terms of three years each and vest in its board of directors the exclusive right to determine the number of directors and the exclusive right, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, to fill vacancies on the board of directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum. These statutory provisions also provide that any director elected to fill a vacancy shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred, rather than the next annual meeting of directors as would otherwise be the case, and until his successor is elected and qualified.

An election to be subject to any or all of the foregoing statutory provisions may be made in the Company’s charter or bylaws, or by resolution of the board of directors. Any such statutory provision to which the Company elects to be subject will apply even if other provisions of Maryland law or the Company’s charter or bylaws provide to the contrary.

If the Company made an election to be subject to the statutory provisions described above, the board of directors would automatically be classified into three classes with staggered terms of office of three years each, and would have the exclusive right to determine the number of directors and the exclusive right to fill vacancies on the board of directors. Moreover, any director elected to fill a vacancy would hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred.

In such instance, the classification and staggered terms of office of the directors would make it more difficult for a third party to gain control of the board of directors since at least two annual meetings of stockholders, instead of one, generally would be required to effect a change in the majority of the board of directors.

The Company has not elected to become subject to the foregoing statutory provisions relating to unsolicited takeovers. However, the Company could by resolutions adopted by the board of directors and without stockholder approval, elect to become subject to some or all of these statutory provisions.

Amendment of the Company’s Charter and Bylaws

The Company’s charter may generally be amended only if the amendment is declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by its stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote on the amendment. The Company’s bylaws generally may be amended by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors or of a majority of the Company’s shares entitled to vote. However, the following bylaw provisions may be amended only by the approval of a majority of the Company’s shares of capital stock entitled to vote:

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Meetings of Stockholders

The Company’s bylaws provide for annual meetings of its stockholders to elect directors and to transact other business properly brought before the meeting. In addition, a special meeting of stockholders may be called by:

The MGCL provides that the Company’s stockholders also may act by unanimous written consent without a meeting with respect to any action that they are required or permitted to take at a meeting. To do so, each stockholder entitled to vote on the matter must sign the consent setting forth the action.

Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business

The Company’s bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election to the board of directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by stockholders at the meeting may be made only:

The Company’s bylaws also provide that with respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in the notice of meeting may be brought before the meeting.

The advance notice provisions of the Company’s bylaws could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of the shares of common stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing market price or which holders of the Company’s common stock believe is in their best interests.

Proxy Access

The Company’s bylaws permit a stockholder, or group of up to twenty stockholders, owning at least 3% of the Company’s outstanding common stock continuously for at least the prior three years to nominate a candidate for election to the board of directors and inclusion in the Company’s proxy materials for its annual meeting of stockholders; provided that the total number of all stockholder nominees included in the Company’s proxy materials shall not exceed 25% of the number of directors then serving on the board of directors. The foregoing proxy access right is subject to additional eligibility, procedural and disclosure requirements set forth in the Company’s bylaws.

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Exclusive Forum

The Company’s bylaws provide that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Baltimore Division, shall be the sole and exclusive forum for:

Dissolution of the Company

Under the MGCL, the Company may be dissolved if a majority of the entire board of directors determines by resolution that dissolution is advisable and submits a proposal for dissolution for consideration at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, and this proposal is approved, by the vote of the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Company’s capital stock entitled to vote on the dissolution.

Indemnification and Limitation of Liability of Directors and Officers

The Company’s charter and bylaws, and the partnership agreement, provide for indemnification of its officers and directors against liabilities to the fullest extent permitted by the MGCL, as amended from time to time.

The MGCL permits the Company to indemnify its directors and officers and other parties against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

Under the MGCL, the Company may indemnify its directors or officers against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses that they actually incur in connection with the proceeding unless the proceeding is one by the Company or in its right and the director or officer has been found to be liable to the Company. In addition, the Company may not indemnify a director or officer in any proceeding charging improper personal benefit to them if they were found to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was received. The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order or settlement does not create a presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted. The termination of any proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted.

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In addition, the MGCL provides that, unless limited by its charter, a corporation shall indemnify any director or officer who is made a party to any proceeding by reason of service in that capacity against reasonable expenses incurred by the director or officer in connection with the proceeding, in the event that the director or officer is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of the proceeding. The Company’s charter contains no such limitation.

As permitted by the MGCL, the Company’s charter limits the liability of its directors and officers to the Company and its stockholders for money damages, subject to specified restrictions. However, the liability of the Company’s directors and officers to it and its stockholders for money damages is not limited if:

This provision does not limit the Company’s ability or its stockholders’ ability to obtain other relief, such as an injunction or rescission.

The partnership agreement provides that the Company, as general partner, and its officers and directors are indemnified to the same extent its officers and directors are indemnified in its charter. The partnership agreement limits the Company’s liability and the liability of its officers and directors to the operating partnership and its partners to the same extent that its charter limits the liability of its officers and directors to it and its stockholders. See “Description of Material Provisions of the Partnership Agreement of Kilroy Realty, L.P.—Indemnification of the Company’s Officers and Directors.”

Insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of directors, officers or persons controlling the Company for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, the Company has been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Indemnification Agreements

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with certain of its executive officers and directors. The indemnification agreements provide that:

The Company’s indemnification agreements with its executive officers and directors offer substantially the same scope of coverage afforded by applicable law. In addition, as contracts, these indemnification agreements provide greater assurance to its directors and executive officers that indemnification will be available because they cannot be modified unilaterally in the future by the board of directors or the stockholders to eliminate the rights that they provide.

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Anti-takeover Effect of Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of the Company’s Charter and Bylaws

If the resolution of the board of directors exempting the Company from the business combination provisions of the MGCL and the applicable provision in its bylaws exempting it from the control share acquisition provisions of the MGCL are rescinded or revoked (which in each case would require stockholder approval) or it elects to be subject to the unsolicited takeover provisions of the MGCL, then the business combination, control share acquisition and unsolicited takeover provisions of the MGCL, the provisions of its charter on removal of directors, the advance notice provisions of its bylaws and certain other provisions of its charter and bylaws and Maryland law could delay, deter or prevent a change of control of the Company or other transactions that might involve a premium price for holders of its capital stock or otherwise be in their best interest.

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UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations regarding our election to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) and the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our capital stock and the operating partnership’s debt securities. For purposes of this discussion, references to “we,” “our” and “us” mean only Kilroy Realty Corporation and do not include any of its subsidiaries, except as otherwise indicated. This summary is for general information only and is not tax advice. The information in this summary is based on:

in each case, as of the date of this prospectus. In addition, the administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS include its practices and policies as expressed in private letter rulings that are not binding on the IRS except with respect to the particular taxpayers who requested and received those rulings. The sections of the Code and the corresponding Treasury Regulations that relate to qualification and taxation as a REIT are highly technical and complex. The following discussion sets forth certain material aspects of the sections of the Code that govern the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its stockholders and the holders of the operating partnership’s debt securities. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code provisions, Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof. Potential tax reforms may result in significant changes to the rules governing U.S. federal income taxation. New legislation, Treasury Regulations, administrative interpretations and practices and/or court decisions may significantly and adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of such qualification, or the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities, including those described in this discussion. Moreover, the law relating to the tax treatment of other entities, or an investment in other entities, could change, making an investment in such other entities more attractive relative to an investment in a REIT. Any such changes could apply retroactively to transactions preceding the date of the change. We have not requested, and do not plan to request, any rulings from the IRS that we qualify as a REIT, and the statements in this prospectus are not binding on the IRS or any court. Thus, we can provide no assurance that the tax considerations contained in this discussion will not be challenged by the IRS or will be sustained by a court if challenged by the IRS. This summary does not discuss any state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences, or any tax consequences arising under any U.S. federal tax laws other than U.S. federal income tax laws, associated with the acquisition, ownership or disposition of our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities, or our election to be taxed as a REIT.

You are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences to you of:

Taxation of Our Company

General. We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1997. We believe that we have been organized and have operated in a manner that has allowed us to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code commencing with such taxable year,

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and we intend to continue to be organized and operate in this manner. However, qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code, including through actual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we have been organized and have operated, or will continue to be organized and operate, in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. See “—Failure to Qualify” for potential tax consequences if we fail to qualify as a REIT.

Latham & Watkins LLP has acted as our tax counsel in connection with our filing this prospectus and our election to be taxed as a REIT. Latham & Watkins LLP has rendered an opinion to us, as of the date of this prospectus, to the effect that, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1997, we have been organized and have operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code, and our proposed method of operation will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code. It must be emphasized that this opinion was based on various assumptions and representations as to factual matters, including representations made by us in a factual certificate provided by one or more of our officers. In addition, this opinion was based upon our factual representations set forth in this prospectus. Moreover, our qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code, which are discussed below, including through actual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership, the results of which have not been and will not be reviewed by Latham & Watkins LLP. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that our actual results of operations for any particular taxable year have satisfied or will satisfy those requirements. Further, the anticipated U.S. federal income tax treatment described herein may be changed, perhaps retroactively, by legislative, administrative or judicial action at any time. Latham & Watkins LLP has no obligation to update its opinion subsequent to the date of such opinion.

Provided we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal corporate income taxes on our REIT taxable income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the “double taxation” that ordinarily results from investment in a C corporation. A C corporation is a corporation that generally is required to pay tax at the corporate level. Double taxation means taxation once at the corporate level when income is earned and once again at the stockholder level when the income is distributed. We will, however, be required to pay U.S. federal income tax as follows:

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We and our subsidiaries may be subject to a variety of taxes other than U.S. federal income tax, including payroll taxes and state and local income, property and other taxes on our assets and operations.

Requirements for Qualification as a REIT. The Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:

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The Code provides that conditions (1) to (4), inclusive, must be met during the entire taxable year and that condition (5) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. Conditions (5) and (6) do not apply until after the first taxable year for which an election is made to be taxed as a REIT. For purposes of condition (6), the term “individual” includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefit plan, a private foundation or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes, but generally does not include a qualified pension plan or profit sharing trust.

We believe that we have been organized and have operated in a manner that has allowed us, and will continue to allow us, to satisfy conditions (1) through (7) inclusive, during the relevant time periods. In addition, our charter provides for restrictions regarding ownership and transfer of our shares that are intended to assist us in continuing to satisfy the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. A description of the share ownership and transfer restrictions relating to our capital stock is contained in the discussion in this prospectus under the heading “Description of Capital Stock—Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of the Company’s Capital Stock.” These restrictions, however, do not ensure that we have previously satisfied, and may not ensure that we will, in all cases, be able to continue to satisfy, the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. If we fail to satisfy these share ownership requirements, then except as provided in the next sentence, our status as a REIT will terminate. If, however, we comply with the rules contained in applicable Treasury Regulations that require us to ascertain the actual ownership of our shares and we do not know, or would not have known through the exercise of reasonable diligence, that we failed to meet the requirement described in condition (6) above, we will be treated as having met this requirement. See “—Failure to Qualify.”

In addition, we may not maintain our status as a REIT unless our taxable year is the calendar year. We have and will continue to have a calendar taxable year.

Ownership of Interests in Partnerships, Limited Liability Companies and Qualified REIT Subsidiaries. In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a partnership (for purposes of this discussion, references to “partnership” include a limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and references to “partner” include a member in such a limited liability company), Treasury Regulations provide that the REIT will be deemed to own its proportionate share of the assets of the partnership based on its interest in partnership capital, subject to special rules relating to the 10% asset test described below. Also, the REIT will be deemed to be entitled to its proportionate share of the income of that entity. The assets and gross income of the partnership retain the same character in the hands of the REIT for purposes of Section 856 of the Code, including satisfying the gross income tests and the asset tests. Thus, our pro rata share of the assets and items of income of the operating partnership, including the operating partnership’s share of these items of any partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in which it owns an interest, is treated as our assets and items of income for purposes of applying the requirements described in this discussion, including the gross income and asset tests described below. A brief summary of the rules governing the U.S. federal income taxation of partnerships is set forth below in “—Tax Aspects of the Operating Partnership, the Subsidiary Partnerships and the Limited Liability Companies.”

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We have control of the operating partnership and the subsidiary partnerships and intend to operate them in a manner consistent with the requirements for our qualification as a REIT. If we become a limited partner or non-managing member in any partnership and such entity takes or expects to take actions that could jeopardize our status as a REIT or require us to pay tax, we may be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. In addition, it is possible that a partnership could take an action which could cause us to fail a gross income or asset test, and that we would not become aware of such action in time to dispose of our interest in the partnership or take other corrective action on a timely basis. In such a case, we could fail to qualify as a REIT unless we were entitled to relief, as described below.

We may from time to time own and operate certain properties through wholly-owned subsidiaries that we intend to be treated as “qualified REIT subsidiaries” under the Code. A corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will qualify as our qualified REIT subsidiary if we own 100% of the corporation’s outstanding stock and do not elect with the subsidiary to treat it as a “taxable REIT subsidiary,” as described below. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not treated as a separate corporation, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of a qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the parent REIT for all purposes under the Code, including all REIT qualification tests. Thus, in applying the U.S. federal income tax requirements described in this discussion, any qualified REIT subsidiaries we own are ignored, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of such corporations are treated as our assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not subject to U.S. federal income tax, and our ownership of the stock of a qualified REIT subsidiary will not violate the restrictions on ownership of securities, as described below under “—Asset Tests.”

Ownership of Interests in Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. We, through the operating partnership, own interests in companies that have elected, together with us, to be treated as our taxable REIT subsidiaries, and we may acquire securities in additional taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. A taxable REIT subsidiary is a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) other than a REIT in which a REIT directly or indirectly holds stock, and that has made a joint election with such REIT to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. If a taxable REIT subsidiary owns more than 35% of the total voting power or value of the outstanding securities of another corporation, such other corporation will also be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Other than some activities relating to lodging and health care facilities, a taxable REIT subsidiary may generally engage in any business, including the provision of customary or non-customary services to tenants of its parent REIT. A taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to U.S. federal income tax as a regular C corporation. A REIT is not treated as holding the assets of a taxable REIT subsidiary or as receiving any income that the taxable REIT subsidiary earns. Rather, the stock issued by the taxable REIT subsidiary is an asset in the hands of the REIT, and the REIT generally recognizes as income the dividends, if any, that it receives from the taxable REIT subsidiary. A REIT’s ownership of securities of a taxable REIT subsidiary is not subject to the 5% or 10% asset test described below. See “—Asset Tests.” For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, taxpayers are subject to a limitation on their ability to deduct net business interest generally equal to 30% of adjusted taxable income, subject to certain exceptions. For any taxable year beginning in 2019 or 2020, the 30% limitation has been increased to a 50% limitation, provided that for partnerships the 50% limitation applies for any taxable year beginning in 2020 only. Taxpayers may elect to use their 2019 adjusted taxable income for purposes of computing their 2020 limitation. See “—Annual Distribution Requirements.” While not certain, this provision may limit the ability of our taxable REIT subsidiaries to deduct interest, which could increase their taxable income.

Ownership of Interests in Subsidiary REITs. We own and may acquire direct or indirect interests in one or more entities that have elected or will elect to be taxed as REITs under the Code (each, a “Subsidiary REIT”). A Subsidiary REIT is subject to the various REIT qualification requirements and other limitations described herein that are applicable to us. If a Subsidiary REIT were to fail to qualify as a REIT, then (i) that Subsidiary REIT would become subject to U.S. federal income tax and (ii) the Subsidiary REIT’s failure to qualify could have an adverse effect on our ability to comply with the REIT income and asset tests, and thus could impair our ability to qualify as a REIT unless we could avail ourselves of certain relief provisions.

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Income Tests. We must satisfy two gross income requirements annually to maintain our qualification as a REIT. First, in each taxable year we must derive directly or indirectly at least 75% of our gross income (excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, certain hedging transactions and certain foreign currency gains) from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property, including “rents from real property,” dividends from other REITs and, in certain circumstances, interest, or certain types of temporary investments. Second, in each taxable year we must derive at least 95% of our gross income (excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, certain hedging transactions and certain foreign currency gains) from the real property investments described above or dividends, interest and gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, or from any combination of the foregoing. For these purposes, the term “interest” generally does not include any amount received or accrued, directly or indirectly, if the determination of all or some of the amount depends in any way on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount received or accrued generally will not be excluded from the term “interest” solely by reason of being based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales.

Rents we receive from a tenant will qualify as “rents from real property” for the purpose of satisfying the gross income requirements for a REIT described above only if all of the following conditions are met:

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We generally do not intend, and, as the general partner of the operating partnership, we do not intend to permit the operating partnership, to take actions we believe will cause us to fail to satisfy the rental conditions described above. However, we may intentionally fail to satisfy some of these conditions to the extent we determine, based on the advice of our tax counsel, that the failure will not jeopardize our tax status as a REIT. In addition, with respect to the limitation on the rental of personal property, we generally have not obtained appraisals of the real property and personal property leased to tenants. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with our determinations of value.

Income we receive that is attributable to the rental of parking spaces at the properties generally will constitute rents from real property for purposes of the gross income tests if certain services provided with respect to the parking spaces are performed by independent contractors from whom we derive no revenue, either directly or indirectly, or by a taxable REIT subsidiary, and certain other conditions are met. We believe that the income we receive that is attributable to parking spaces will meet these tests and, accordingly, will constitute rents from real property for purposes of the gross income tests.

From time to time, we may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging activities may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps, and floors, options to purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Income from a hedging transaction, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, that is clearly identified as a hedging transaction as specified in the Code will not constitute gross income under, and thus will be exempt from, the 75% and 95% gross income tests. The term “hedging transaction,” as used above, generally means (A) any transaction we enter into in the normal course of our business primarily to manage risk of (1) interest rate changes or fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made by us to acquire or carry real estate assets, or (2) currency fluctuations with respect to an item of qualifying income under the 75% or 95% gross income test or any property which generates such income and (B) new transactions entered into to hedge the income or loss from prior hedging transactions, where the property or indebtedness which was the subject of the prior hedging transaction was extinguished or disposed of. To the extent that we do not properly identify such transactions as hedges or we hedge with other types of financial instruments, the income from those transactions is not likely to be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our status as a REIT.

To the extent our taxable REIT subsidiaries pay dividends or interest, our allocable share of such dividend or interest income will qualify under the 95%, but not the 75%, gross income test (except that our allocable share of such interest would also qualify under the 75% gross income test to the extent the interest is paid on a loan that is adequately secured by real property).

We will monitor the amount of the dividend and other income from our taxable REIT subsidiaries and will take actions intended to keep this income, and any other nonqualifying income, within the limitations of the gross income tests. Although we expect these actions will be sufficient to prevent a violation of the gross income tests, we cannot guarantee that such actions will in all cases prevent such a violation.

If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for the year if we are entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Code. We generally may make use of the relief provisions if:

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It is not possible, however, to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions. For example, if we fail to satisfy the gross income tests because nonqualifying income that we intentionally accrue or receive exceeds the limits on nonqualifying income, the IRS could conclude that our failure to satisfy the tests was not due to reasonable cause. If these relief provisions do not apply to a particular set of circumstances, we will not qualify as a REIT. See “—Failure to Qualify” below. As discussed above in “—General,” even if these relief provisions apply, and we retain our status as a REIT, a tax would be imposed with respect to our nonqualifying income. We may not always be able to comply with the gross income tests for REIT qualification despite periodic monitoring of our income.

Prohibited Transaction Income. Any gain that we realize on the sale of property (other than any foreclosure property) held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, including our share of any such gain realized by the operating partnership, either directly or through its subsidiary partnerships, will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax, unless certain safe harbor exceptions apply. This prohibited transaction income may also adversely affect our ability to satisfy the gross income tests for qualification as a REIT. Under existing law, whether property is held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business is a question of fact that depends on all the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction. As the general partner of the operating partnership, we intend to cause the operating partnership to hold its properties for investment with a view to long-term appreciation, to engage in the business of acquiring, developing and owning its properties and to make occasional sales of the properties as are consistent with our investment objectives. We do not intend, and do not intend to permit the operating partnership or its subsidiary partnerships, to enter into any sales that are prohibited transactions. However, the IRS may successfully contend that some or all of the sales made by the operating partnership or its subsidiary partnerships are prohibited transactions. We would be required to pay the 100% penalty tax on our allocable share of the gains resulting from any such sales. The 100% penalty tax will not apply to gains from the sale of assets that are held through a taxable REIT subsidiary, but such income will be subject to regular U.S. federal corporate income tax.

Penalty Tax. Any redetermined rents, redetermined deductions, excess interest or redetermined TRS service income we generate will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. In general, redetermined rents are rents from real property that are overstated as a result of any services furnished to any of our tenants by a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours, redetermined deductions and excess interest represent any amounts that are deducted by a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours for amounts paid to us that are in excess of the amounts that would have been deducted based on arm’s length negotiations, and redetermined TRS service income is income of a taxable REIT subsidiary that is understated as a result of services provided to us or on our behalf. Rents we receive will not constitute redetermined rents if they qualify for certain safe harbor provisions contained in the Code.

We do not believe we have been, and do not expect to be, subject to this penalty tax, although any rental or service arrangements we enter into from time to time may not satisfy the safe-harbor provisions referenced above. These determinations are inherently factual, and the IRS has broad discretion to assert that amounts paid between related parties should be reallocated to clearly reflect their respective incomes. If the IRS successfully made such an assertion, we would be required to pay a 100% penalty tax on any overstated rents paid to us, or any excess deductions or understated income of our taxable REIT subsidiaries.

Asset Tests. At the close of each calendar quarter of our taxable year, we must also satisfy certain tests relating to the nature and diversification of our assets. First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets must be represented by real estate assets, cash, cash items and U.S. government securities. For purposes of this test, the term “real estate assets” generally means real property (including interests in real property and interests in mortgages on real property or on both real property and, to a limited extent, personal property), shares (or

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transferable certificates of beneficial interest) in other REITs, any stock or debt instrument attributable to the investment of the proceeds of a stock offering or a public offering of debt with a term of at least five years (but only for the one-year period beginning on the date the REIT receives such proceeds), debt instruments of publicly offered REITs, and personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property for which the rent attributable to personal property is not greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease.

Second, not more than 25% of the value of our total assets may be represented by securities (including securities of taxable REIT subsidiaries), other than those securities includable in the 75% asset test.

Third, of the investments included in the 25% asset class, and except for certain investments in other REITs, our qualified REIT subsidiaries and taxable REIT subsidiaries, the value of any one issuer’s securities may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets, and we may not own more than 10% of the total vote or value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. Certain types of securities we may own are disregarded as securities solely for purposes of the 10% value test, including, but not limited to, securities satisfying the “straight debt” safe harbor, securities issued by a partnership that itself would satisfy the 75% income test if it were a REIT, any loan to an individual or an estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and any security issued by a REIT. In addition, solely for purposes of the 10% value test, the determination of our interest in the assets of a partnership in which we own an interest will be based on our proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership, excluding for this purpose certain securities described in the Code. From time to time we may own securities (including debt securities) of issuers that do not qualify as a REIT, a qualified REIT subsidiary or a taxable REIT subsidiary. We intend that our ownership of any such securities will be structured in a manner that allows us to comply with the asset tests described above.

Fourth, not more than 20% (25% for taxable years beginning after July 30, 2008 and before January 1, 2018) of the value of our total assets may be represented by the securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries. We and the operating partnership own interests in companies that have elected, together with us, to be treated as our taxable REIT subsidiaries, and we may acquire securities in additional taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. So long as each of these companies qualifies as a taxable REIT subsidiary of ours, we will not be subject to the 5% asset test, the 10% voting securities limitation or the 10% value limitation with respect to our ownership of the securities of such companies. We believe that the aggregate value of our taxable REIT subsidiaries has not exceeded, and in the future will not exceed, 20% (25% for taxable years beginning after July 30, 2008 and before January 1, 2018) of the aggregate value of our gross assets. We generally do not obtain independent appraisals to support these conclusions. In addition, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with our determinations of value.

Fifth, not more than 25% of the value of our total assets may be represented by debt instruments of publicly offered REITs to the extent those debt instruments would not be real estate assets but for the inclusion of debt instruments of publicly offered REITs in the meaning of real estate assets, as described above (e.g., a debt instrument issued by a publicly offered REIT that is not secured by a mortgage on real property).

The asset tests must be satisfied at the close of each calendar quarter of our taxable year in which we (directly or through any partnership or qualified REIT subsidiary) acquire securities in the applicable issuer, and also at the close of each calendar quarter in which we increase our ownership of securities of such issuer (including as a result of an increase in our interest in any partnership that owns such securities). For example, our indirect ownership of securities of each issuer will increase as a result of our capital contributions to the operating partnership or as limited partners exercise any redemption/exchange rights. Also, after initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our status as a REIT for failure to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values. If we fail to satisfy an asset test because we acquire securities or other property during a quarter (including as a result of an increase in our interest in any partnership), we may cure this failure by disposing of sufficient nonqualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. We believe that we have maintained, and we intend to maintain, adequate records of the

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value of our assets to ensure compliance with the asset tests. If we fail to cure any noncompliance with the asset tests within the 30-day cure period, we would cease to qualify as a REIT unless we are eligible for certain relief provisions discussed below.

Certain relief provisions may be available to us if we discover a failure to satisfy the asset tests described above after the 30-day cure period. Under these provisions, we will be deemed to have met the 5% and 10% asset tests if the value of our nonqualifying assets (i) does not exceed the lesser of (a) 1% of the total value of our assets at the end of the applicable quarter or (b) $10,000,000, and (ii) we dispose of the nonqualifying assets or otherwise satisfy such tests within (a) six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b) the period of time prescribed by Treasury Regulations to be issued. For violations of any of the asset tests due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and that are, in the case of the 5% and 10% asset tests, in excess of the de minimis exception described above, we may avoid disqualification as a REIT after the 30-day cure period by taking steps including (i) the disposition of sufficient nonqualifying assets, or the taking of other actions, which allow us to meet the asset tests within (a) six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b) the period of time prescribed by Treasury Regulations to be issued, (ii) paying a tax equal to the greater of (a) $50,000 or (b) the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets, and (iii) disclosing certain information to the IRS.

Although we believe we have satisfied the asset tests described above and plan to take steps to ensure that we satisfy such tests for any quarter with respect to which retesting is to occur, there can be no assurance that we will always be successful, or will not require a reduction in the operating partnership’s overall interest in an issuer (including in a taxable REIT subsidiary). If we fail to cure any noncompliance with the asset tests in a timely manner, and the relief provisions described above are not available, we would cease to qualify as a REIT.

Annual Distribution Requirements. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we are required to distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our stockholders each year in an amount at least equal to the sum of:

For these purposes, our REIT taxable income is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain. In addition, for purposes of this test, non-cash income generally means income attributable to leveled stepped rents, original issue discount, cancellation of indebtedness, or a like-kind exchange that is later determined to be taxable.

In addition, our REIT taxable income will be reduced by any taxes we are required to pay on any gain we recognize from the disposition of any asset we acquired from a corporation that is or has been a C corporation in a transaction in which our tax basis in the asset is less than the fair market value of the asset, in each case determined as of the date on which we acquired the asset, within the five-year period following our acquisition of such asset, as described above under “—General.”

For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, and except as provided below, a taxpayer’s deduction for net business interest expense will generally be limited to 30% of its taxable income, as adjusted for certain items of income, gain, deduction or loss. For any taxable year beginning in 2019 or 2020, the 30% limitation has been increased to a 50% limitation, provided that for partnerships the 50% limitation applies for any taxable year beginning in 2020 only. Taxpayers may elect to use their 2019 adjusted taxable income for purposes of computing their 2020 limitation. Any business interest deduction that is disallowed due to this limitation may be carried forward to future taxable years, subject to special rules applicable to partnerships. If we or any of our subsidiary partnerships (including the operating partnership) are subject to this interest expense limitation, our

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REIT taxable income for a taxable year may be increased. Taxpayers that conduct certain real estate businesses may elect not to have this interest expense limitation apply to them, provided that they use an alternative depreciation system to depreciate certain property. We believe that we or any of our subsidiary partnerships that are subject to this interest expense limitation will be eligible to make this election. If such election is made, although we or such subsidiary partnership, as applicable, would not be subject to the interest expense limitation described above, depreciation deductions may be reduced and, as a result, our REIT taxable income for a taxable year may be increased.

We generally must pay, or be treated as paying, the distributions described above in the taxable year to which they relate. At our election, a distribution will be treated as paid in a taxable year if it is declared before we timely file our tax return for such year and paid on or before the first regular dividend payment after such declaration, provided such payment is made during the 12-month period following the close of such year. These distributions are treated as received by our stockholders in the year in which they are paid. This is so even though these distributions relate to the prior year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement. In order to be taken into account for purposes of our distribution requirement, except as provided below, the amount distributed must not be preferential—i.e., every stockholder of the class of stock to which a distribution is made must be treated the same as every other stockholder of that class, and no class of stock may be treated other than according to its dividend rights as a class. This preferential dividend limitation will not apply to distributions made by us, provided we qualify as a “publicly offered REIT.” We believe that we are, and expect we will continue to be, a publicly offered REIT. However, Subsidiary REITs we may own from time to time may not be publicly offered REITs. To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gain, or distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our REIT taxable income, as adjusted, we will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax on the undistributed amount. We believe that we have made, and we intend to continue to make, timely distributions sufficient to satisfy these annual distribution requirements and to minimize our corporate tax obligations. In this regard, the partnership agreement of the operating partnership authorizes us, as the general partner of the operating partnership, to take such steps as may be necessary to cause the operating partnership to distribute to its partners an amount sufficient to permit us to meet these distribution requirements and to minimize our corporate tax obligation.

We expect that our REIT taxable income will be less than our cash flow because of depreciation and other non-cash charges included in computing REIT taxable income. Accordingly, we anticipate that we generally will have sufficient cash or liquid assets to enable us to satisfy the distribution requirements described above. However, from time to time, we may not have sufficient cash or other liquid assets to meet these distribution requirements due to timing differences between the actual receipt of income and actual payment of deductible expenses, and the inclusion of income and deduction of expenses in determining our taxable income. In addition, we may decide to retain our cash, rather than distribute it, in order to repay debt or for other reasons. If these timing differences occur, we may borrow funds to pay dividends or pay dividends in the form of taxable stock distributions in order to meet the distribution requirements, while preserving our cash.

Under some circumstances, we may be able to rectify an inadvertent failure to meet the 90% distribution requirement for a year by paying “deficiency dividends” to our stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. In that case, we may be able to avoid being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, subject to the 4% excise tax described below. However, we will be required to pay interest to the IRS based upon the amount of any deduction claimed for deficiency dividends. While the payment of a deficiency dividend will apply to a prior year for purposes of our REIT distribution requirements, it will be treated as an additional distribution to our stockholders in the year such dividend is paid. In addition, if a dividend we have paid is treated as a preferential dividend, in lieu of treating the dividend as not counting toward satisfying the 90% distribution requirement, the IRS may provide a remedy to cure such failure if the IRS determines that such failure is (or is of a type that is) inadvertent or due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect.

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Furthermore, we will be required to pay a 4% excise tax to the extent we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of 85% of our ordinary income for such year, 95% of our capital gain net income for the year and any undistributed taxable income from prior periods. Any ordinary income and net capital gain on which U.S. federal corporate income tax is imposed for any year is treated as an amount distributed during that year for purposes of calculating this excise tax.

For purposes of the 90% distribution requirement and excise tax described above, dividends declared during the last three months of the taxable year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified date during such period and paid during January of the following year, will be treated as paid by us and received by our stockholders on December 31 of the year in which they are declared.

Like-Kind Exchanges. We may dispose of real property that is not held primarily for sale in transactions intended to qualify as like-kind exchanges under the Code. Such like-kind exchanges are intended to result in the deferral of gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The failure of any such transaction to qualify as a like-kind exchange could require us to pay U.S. federal income tax, possibly including the 100% prohibited transaction tax, or deficiency dividends, depending on the facts and circumstances surrounding the particular transaction.

Tax Liabilities and Attributes Inherited in Connection with Acquisitions. From time to time, we or the operating partnership may acquire other corporations or entities and, in connection with such acquisitions, we may succeed to the historical tax attributes and liabilities of such entities. For example, if we acquire a C corporation and subsequently dispose of its assets within five years of the acquisition, we could be required to pay the built-in gain tax described above under “—General.” In addition, in order to qualify as a REIT, at the end of any taxable year, we must not have any earnings and profits accumulated in a non-REIT year. As a result, if we acquire a C corporation, we must distribute the corporation’s earnings and profits accumulated prior to the acquisition before the end of the taxable year in which we acquire the corporation. We also could be required to pay the acquired entity’s unpaid taxes even though such liabilities arose prior to the time we acquired the entity.

Moreover, we may from time to time acquire other REITs through a merger or acquisition. If any such REIT failed to qualify as a REIT for any of its taxable years, such REIT would be liable for (and we or our subsidiary, as the surviving corporation in the merger or acquisition, would be obligated to pay) regular U.S. federal corporate income tax on its taxable income for such taxable years. In addition, if such REIT was a C corporation at the time of the merger or acquisition, the tax consequences described in the preceding paragraph generally would apply. If such REIT failed to qualify as a REIT for any of its taxable years, but qualified as a REIT at the time of such merger or acquisition, and we acquired such REIT’s assets in a transaction in which our tax basis in the assets of such REIT is determined, in whole or in part, by reference to such REIT’s tax basis in such assets, we generally would be subject to tax on the built-in gain on each asset of such REIT as described above if we were to dispose of the asset in a taxable transaction during the five-year period following such REIT’s requalification as a REIT, subject to certain exceptions. Moreover, even if such REIT qualified as a REIT at all relevant times, we would similarly be liable for other unpaid taxes (if any) of such REIT (such as the 100% tax on gains from any sales treated as “prohibited transactions” as described above under “—Prohibited Transaction Income”).

Furthermore, after our acquisition of another corporation or entity, the asset and income tests will apply to all of our assets, including the assets we acquire from such corporation or entity, and to all of our income, including the income derived from the assets we acquire from such corporation or entity. As a result, the nature of the assets that we acquire from such corporation or entity and the income we derive from those assets may have an effect on our tax status as a REIT.

Failure to Qualify. If we discover a violation of a provision of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT, certain specified cure provisions may be available to us. Except with respect to violations of the gross income tests and asset tests (for which the cure provisions are described above), and provided the

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violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, these cure provisions generally impose a $50,000 penalty for each violation in lieu of a loss of REIT status. If we fail to satisfy the requirements for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the relief provisions do not apply, we will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2018, on our taxable income. Distributions to stockholders in any year in which we fail to qualify as a REIT will not be deductible by us. As a result, we anticipate that our failure to qualify as a REIT would reduce the cash available for distribution by us to our stockholders. In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will not be required to distribute any amounts to our stockholders and all distributions to stockholders will be taxable as regular corporate dividends to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. In such event, corporate stockholders may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. In addition, non-corporate stockholders, including individuals, may be eligible for the preferential tax rates on qualified dividend income. Non-corporate stockholders, including individuals, generally may deduct up to 20% of dividends from a REIT, other than capital gain dividends and dividends treated as qualified dividend income, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026 for purposes of determining their U.S. federal income tax (but not for purposes of the 3.8% Medicare tax), subject to certain holding period requirements and other limitations. If we fail to qualify as a REIT, such stockholders may not claim this deduction with respect to dividends paid by us. Unless entitled to relief under specific statutory provisions, we would also be ineligible to elect to be treated as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year for which we lose our qualification. It is not possible to state whether in all circumstances we would be entitled to this statutory relief.

Tax Aspects of the Operating Partnership, the Subsidiary Partnerships and the Limited Liability Companies

General. Substantially all of our investments are held indirectly through the operating partnership. In addition, the operating partnership holds certain of its investments indirectly through subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies that we believe are and will continue to be treated as partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, entities that are treated as partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes are “pass-through” entities which are not required to pay U.S. federal income tax. Rather, partners of such partnerships are allocated their shares of the items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the partnership, and are potentially required to pay tax on this income, without regard to whether they receive a distribution from the partnership. We will include in our income our share of these partnership items for purposes of the various gross income tests, the computation of our REIT taxable income, and the REIT distribution requirements. Moreover, for purposes of the asset tests, we will include our pro rata share of assets held by the operating partnership, including its share of the assets of its subsidiary partnerships, based on our capital interests in each such entity. See “—Taxation of Our Company—Ownership of Interests in Partnerships, Limited Liability Companies and Qualified REIT Subsidiaries.” A disregarded entity is not treated as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of a disregarded entity are treated as assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of its parent that is not a disregarded entity (e.g., the operating partnership) for all purposes under the Code, including all REIT qualification tests.

Entity Classification. Our interests in the operating partnership and the subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies involve special tax considerations, including the possibility that the IRS might challenge the status of these entities as partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For example, an entity that would otherwise be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes may nonetheless be taxable as a corporation if it is a “publicly traded partnership” and certain other requirements are met. A partnership would be treated as a publicly traded partnership if its interests are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or a substantial equivalent thereof, within the meaning of applicable Treasury Regulations. We do not anticipate that the operating partnership or any subsidiary partnership will be treated as a publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation. However, if any such entity were treated as a corporation, it would be required to pay an entity-level tax on its income. In this situation, the character of our assets and items of gross income would change and could prevent us from satisfying the

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REIT asset tests and possibly the REIT income tests. See “—Taxation of Our Company—Asset Tests” and “—Income Tests.” This, in turn, could prevent us from qualifying as a REIT. See “—Taxation of Our Company—Failure to Qualify” for a discussion of the effect of our failure to meet these tests. In addition, a change in the tax status of the operating partnership or a subsidiary treated as a partnership or disregarded entity to a corporation might be treated as a taxable event. If so, we might incur a tax liability without any related cash payment. We believe the operating partnership and each of the subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies are and will continue to be treated as partnerships or disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Allocations of Items of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction. A partnership agreement (or, in the case of a limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the limited liability company agreement) generally will determine the allocation of income and loss among partners. These allocations, however, will be disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the provisions of Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder. Generally, Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder require that partnership allocations respect the economic arrangement of the partners.

The partnership agreement of the operating partnership provides for preferred distributions of cash and preferred allocations of income to the holders of its preferred units, if any. Upon our issuance of shares of preferred stock for cash or other consideration, we will contribute the net proceeds or other consideration from such issuance to the operating partnership in exchange for preferred units with similar terms. In general, all remaining items of income and loss will be allocated to the holders of common units in proportion to the number of common units held by each unit holder. See the discussion under “Description of Material Provisions of the Partnership Agreement of Kilroy Realty, L.P.—Allocations of Net Income and Net Losses to Partners” included elsewhere in this prospectus, describing the allocations of net income and net losses to partners required pursuant to the partnership agreement of the operating partnership. Some limited partners have agreed to guarantee debt of the operating partnership, either directly or indirectly through an agreement to make capital contributions to the operating partnership under limited circumstances. As a result, and notwithstanding the above discussion of allocations of income and loss to holders of common units, these limited partners could under limited circumstances be allocated a disproportionate amount of net loss of the operating partnership or a disproportionate amount of net income of the operating partnership to offset any such allocations of net loss.

If an allocation of partnership income or loss does not comply with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder, the item subject to the allocation will be reallocated in accordance with the partners’ interests in the partnership. This reallocation will be determined by taking into account all of the facts and circumstances relating to the economic arrangement of the partners with respect to such item. The allocations of taxable income and loss of the operating partnership and any subsidiaries that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes are intended to comply with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

Tax Allocations With Respect to the Properties. Under Section 704(c) of the Code, items of income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to appreciated or depreciated property that is contributed to a partnership in exchange for an interest in the partnership must be allocated in a manner so that the contributing partner is charged with the unrealized gain or benefits from the unrealized loss associated with the property at the time of the contribution. The amount of the unrealized gain or unrealized loss generally is equal to the difference between the fair market value or book value and the adjusted tax basis of the contributed property at the time of contribution (this difference is referred to as a book-tax difference), as adjusted from time to time. These allocations are solely for U.S. federal income tax purposes and do not affect the book capital accounts or other economic or legal arrangements among the partners.

The operating partnership may, from time to time, acquire interests in property in exchange for interests in the operating partnership. In that case, the tax basis of these property interests generally will carry over to the

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operating partnership, notwithstanding their different book (i.e., fair market) value. The partnership agreement requires that income and loss allocations with respect to these properties be made in a manner consistent with Section 704(c) of the Code. Treasury Regulations issued under Section 704(c) of the Code provide partnerships with a choice of several methods of accounting for book-tax differences, including retention of the “traditional method” or the election of certain methods which would permit any distortions caused by a book-tax difference to be entirely rectified on an annual basis or with respect to a specific taxable transaction such as a sale. We and the operating partnership have determined to use the “traditional method” for accounting for book-tax differences for the properties initially contributed to the operating partnership and for certain assets contributed subsequently. We and the operating partnership have not yet decided what method will be used to account for book-tax differences for properties acquired by the operating partnership in the future.

In general, the partners of the operating partnership who acquired their limited partnership interests through a contribution of appreciated property (including us with respect to certain property) will be allocated depreciation deductions for tax purposes that are lower than such deductions would have been if they had been determined on a pro rata basis. In addition, in the event of the disposition of any of the contributed assets which have such a book-tax difference, all income attributable to such book-tax difference (as adjusted) generally will be allocated to the contributing partners. These allocations will tend to eliminate the book-tax difference over the life of the operating partnership. However, under the traditional method, the special allocation rules of Section 704(c) of the Code do not always entirely eliminate the book-tax difference on an annual basis or with respect to a specific taxable transaction such as a sale. Thus, the carryover basis of the contributed assets in the hands of the operating partnership may cause us or other partners to be allocated lower depreciation and other deductions, and possibly an amount of taxable income in the event of a sale of such contributed properties in excess of the economic or book income allocated to us or other partners as a result of the sale. Such an allocation might cause us or other partners to recognize taxable income in excess of cash proceeds in the event of a sale or other disposition of property, which might adversely affect our ability to comply with the REIT distribution requirements. See “—Taxation of Our Company—Requirements for Qualification as a REIT” and “—Annual Distribution Requirements.”

Any property acquired by the operating partnership in a taxable transaction will initially have a tax basis equal to its fair market value, and Section 704(c) of the Code generally will not apply.

Partnership Audit Rules. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 changed the rules applicable to U.S. federal income tax audits of partnerships. Under the new rules (which are generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017), among other changes and subject to certain exceptions, any audit adjustment to items of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit of a partnership (and any partner’s distributive share thereof) is determined, and taxes, interest, or penalties attributable thereto are assessed and collected, at the partnership level. It is possible that these rules could result in partnerships in which we directly or indirectly invest, including the operating partnership, being required to pay additional taxes, interest and penalties as a result of an audit adjustment, and we, as a direct or indirect partner of these partnerships, could be required to bear the economic burden of those taxes, interest, and penalties even though we, as a REIT, may not otherwise have been required to pay additional corporate-level taxes as a result of the related audit adjustment. Investors are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to these changes and their potential impact on their investment in our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities.

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to Holders of Our Capital Stock and the Operating Partnership’s Debt Securities

The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to you of acquiring, owning and disposing of our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities. This discussion is limited to holders who hold our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities as “capital assets” within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to a holder’s particular

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circumstances, including the alternative minimum tax. In addition, except where specifically noted, it does not address consequences relevant to holders subject to special rules, including, without limitation:

THIS DISCUSSION IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED AS TAX ADVICE. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK OR THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP’S DEBT SECURITIES ARISING UNDER OTHER U.S. FEDERAL TAX LAWS (INCLUDING ESTATE AND GIFT TAX LAWS), UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAXING JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE TAX TREATY.

For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is treated as:

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For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. holder” is any beneficial owner of our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities that is neither a U.S. holder nor an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. Accordingly, partnerships holding our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities and the partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to them.

Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock

Distributions Generally. Distributions out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as dividends and, other than with respect to capital gain dividends and certain amounts which have previously been subject to corporate level tax, as discussed below, will be taxable to our taxable U.S. holders as ordinary income when actually or constructively received. See “—Tax Rates” below. As long as we qualify as a REIT, these distributions will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of U.S. holders that are corporations or, except to the extent described in “—Tax Rates” below, the preferential rates on qualified dividend income applicable to non-corporate U.S. holders, including individuals. For purposes of determining whether distributions to holders of our capital stock are out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, our earnings and profits will be allocated first to our outstanding preferred stock, if any, and then to our outstanding common stock.

To the extent that we make distributions on our capital stock in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits allocable to such stock, these distributions will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to a U.S. holder to the extent of the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in such shares of stock. This treatment will reduce the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in such shares of stock by such amount, but not below zero. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits and in excess of a U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in its shares will be taxable as capital gain. Such gain will be taxable as long-term capital gain if the shares have been held for more than one year. Dividends we declare in October, November, or December of any year and which are payable to a holder of record on a specified date in any of these months will be treated as both paid by us and received by the holder on December 31 of that year, provided we actually pay the dividend on or before January 31 of the following year. U.S. holders may not include in their own income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses.

U.S. holders that receive taxable stock distributions, including distributions partially payable in our common stock and partially payable in cash, would be required to include the full amount of the distribution (i.e., the cash and the stock portion) as a dividend (subject to limited exceptions) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as described above. The amount of any distribution payable in our common stock generally is equal to the amount of cash that could have been received instead of the common stock. Depending on the circumstances of a U.S. holder, the tax on the distribution may exceed the amount of the distribution received in cash, in which case such U.S. holder would have to pay the tax using cash from other sources. If a U.S. holder sells the common stock it received in connection with a taxable stock distribution in order to pay this tax and the proceeds of such sale are less than the amount required to be included in income with respect to the stock portion of the distribution, such U.S. holder could have a capital loss with respect to the stock sale that could not be used to offset such income. A U.S. holder that receives common stock pursuant to such distribution generally has a tax basis in such common stock equal to the amount of cash that could have been received instead of such common stock as described above, and has a holding period in such common stock that begins on the day immediately following the payment date for the distribution.

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Capital Gain Dividends. Dividends that we properly designate as capital gain dividends will be taxable to our taxable U.S. holders as a gain from the sale or disposition of a capital asset held for more than one year, to the extent that such gain does not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year and may not exceed our dividends paid for the taxable year, including dividends paid the following year that are treated as paid in the current year. U.S. holders that are corporations may, however, be required to treat up to 20% of certain capital gain dividends as ordinary income. If we properly designate any portion of a dividend as a capital gain dividend, then, except as otherwise required by law, we presently intend to allocate a portion of the total capital gain dividends paid or made available to holders of all classes of our capital stock for the year to the holders of each class of our capital stock in proportion to the amount that our total dividends, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, paid or made available to the holders of each such class of our capital stock for the year bears to the total dividends, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, paid or made available to holders of all classes of our capital stock for the year. In addition, except as otherwise required by law, we will make a similar allocation with respect to any undistributed long-term capital gains which are to be included in our stockholders’ long-term capital gains, based on the allocation of the capital gain amount which would have resulted if those undistributed long-term capital gains had been distributed as “capital gain dividends” by us to our stockholders.

Retention of Net Capital Gains. We may elect to retain, rather than distribute as a capital gain dividend, all or a portion of our net capital gains. If we make this election, we would pay tax on our retained net capital gains. In addition, to the extent we so elect, our earnings and profits (determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) would be adjusted accordingly, and a U.S. holder generally would:

Passive Activity Losses and Investment Interest Limitations. Distributions we make and gain arising from the sale or exchange of our capital stock by a U.S. holder will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result, U.S. holders generally will not be able to apply any “passive losses” against this income or gain. A U.S. holder generally may elect to treat capital gain dividends, capital gains from the disposition of our capital stock and income designated as qualified dividend income, as described in “—Tax Rates” below, as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation, but in such case, the holder will be taxed at ordinary income rates on such amount. Other distributions made by us, to the extent they do not constitute a return of capital, generally will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation.

Dispositions of Our Capital Stock. Except as described below under “—Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock—Redemption or Repurchase by Us,” if a U.S. holder sells or disposes of shares of our capital stock, it will recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received on the sale or other disposition and the holder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares. This gain or loss, except as provided below, will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holder has held such capital stock for more than one year. However, if a U.S. holder recognizes a loss upon the sale or other disposition of capital stock that it has held for six months or less, after applying certain holding period rules, the loss recognized will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the

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extent the U.S. holder received distributions from us which were required to be treated as long-term capital gains. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Redemption or Repurchase by Us. A redemption or repurchase of shares of our capital stock will be treated under Section 302 of the Code as a distribution (and taxable as a dividend to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits as described above under “—Distributions Generally”) unless the redemption or repurchase satisfies one of the tests set forth in Section 302(b) of the Code and is therefore treated as a sale or exchange of the redeemed or repurchased shares. The redemption or repurchase generally will be treated as a sale or exchange if it:

all within the meaning of Section 302(b) of the Code.

In determining whether any of these tests has been met, shares of our capital stock, including common stock and other equity interests in us, considered to be owned by the U.S. holder by reason of certain constructive ownership rules set forth in the Code, as well as shares of our capital stock actually owned by the U.S. holder, generally must be taken into account. Because the determination as to whether any of the alternative tests of Section 302(b) of the Code will be satisfied with respect to the U.S. holder depends upon the facts and circumstances at the time that the determination must be made, U.S. holders are advised to consult their tax advisors to determine such tax treatment.

If a redemption or repurchase of shares of our capital stock is treated as a distribution, the amount of the distribution will be measured by the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received. See “—Distributions Generally.” A U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the redeemed or repurchased shares generally will be transferred to the holder’s remaining shares of our capital stock, if any. If a U.S. holder owns no other shares of our capital stock, under certain circumstances, such basis may be transferred to a related person or it may be lost entirely. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of a redemption or repurchase of our capital stock.

If a redemption or repurchase of shares of our capital stock is not treated as a distribution, it will be treated as a taxable sale or exchange in the manner described under “—Dispositions of Our Capital Stock.”

Tax Rates. The maximum tax rate for non-corporate taxpayers for (1) long-term capital gains, including certain “capital gain dividends,” generally is 20% (although depending on the characteristics of the assets which produced these gains and on designations which we may make, certain capital gain dividends may be taxed at a 25% rate) and (2) “qualified dividend income” generally is 20%. In general, dividends payable by REITs are not eligible for the reduced tax rate on qualified dividend income, except to the extent that certain holding period requirements have been met and the REIT’s dividends are attributable to dividends received from taxable corporations (such as its taxable REIT subsidiaries) or to income that was subject to tax at the corporate/REIT level (for example, if the REIT distributed taxable income that it retained and paid tax on in the prior taxable year). Capital gain dividends will only be eligible for the rates described above to the extent that they are properly designated by the REIT as “capital gain dividends.” U.S. holders that are corporations may be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income. In addition, non-corporate U.S. holders, including individuals, generally may deduct up to 20% of dividends from a REIT, other than capital gain dividends and dividends treated as qualified dividend income, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026 for purposes of determining their U.S. federal income tax (but not for purposes of the 3.8% Medicare tax), subject to certain holding period requirements and other limitations.

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Taxation of Tax-Exempt Holders of Our Capital Stock

Dividend income from us and gain arising upon a sale of shares of our capital stock generally should not be unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to a tax-exempt holder, except as described below. This income or gain will be UBTI, however, to the extent a tax-exempt holder holds its shares as “debt-financed property” within the meaning of the Code. Generally, “debt-financed property” is property the acquisition or holding of which was financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt holder.

For tax-exempt holders that are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations or supplemental unemployment benefit trusts exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9) or (c)(17) of the Code, respectively, income from an investment in our shares will constitute UBTI unless the organization is able to properly claim a deduction for amounts set aside or placed in reserve for specific purposes so as to offset the income generated by its investment in our shares. These prospective investors should consult their tax advisors concerning these “set aside” and reserve requirements.

Notwithstanding the above, however, a portion of the dividends paid by a “pension-held REIT” may be treated as UBTI as to certain trusts that hold more than 10%, by value, of the interests in the REIT. A REIT will not be a “pension-held REIT” if it is able to satisfy the “not closely held” requirement without relying on the “look-through” exception with respect to certain trusts or if such REIT is not “predominantly held” by “qualified trusts. ” As a result of restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock contained in our charter, we do not expect to be classified as a “pension-held REIT,” and as a result, the tax treatment described above should be inapplicable to our holders. However, because our common stock is (and, we anticipate, will continue to be) publicly traded, we cannot guarantee that this will always be the case.

Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock

The following discussion addresses the rules governing U.S. federal income taxation of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our capital stock by non-U.S. holders. These rules are complex, and no attempt is made herein to provide more than a brief summary of such rules. Accordingly, the discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation and does not address other federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences that may be relevant to a non-U.S. holder in light of its particular circumstances. We urge non-U.S. holders to consult their tax advisors to determine the impact of U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income and other tax laws and any applicable tax treaty on the acquisition ownership and disposition of shares of our capital stock, including any reporting requirements.

Distributions Generally. Distributions (including any taxable stock distributions) that are neither attributable to gains from sales or exchanges by us of United States real property interests (“USRPIs”) nor designated by us as capital gain dividends (except as described below) will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent that they are made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such distributions ordinarily will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, unless the distributions are treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the non-U.S. holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such dividends are attributable). Under certain treaties, however, lower withholding rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply to dividends from a REIT. Certain certification and disclosure requirements must be satisfied for a non-U.S. holder to be exempt from withholding under the effectively connected income exemption. Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business generally will not be subject to withholding but will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis at the regular rates, in the same manner as dividends paid to U.S. holders are subject to U.S. federal income tax. Any such dividends received by a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may also be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate (applicable after deducting U.S. federal income taxes paid on such effectively connected income) or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.

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Except as otherwise provided below, we expect to withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% on any distributions made to a non-U.S. holder unless:

Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a non-U.S. holder to the extent that such distributions do not exceed the adjusted tax basis of the holder’s capital stock, but rather will reduce the adjusted tax basis of such stock. To the extent that such distributions exceed the non-U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in such capital stock, they generally will give rise to gain from the sale or exchange of such stock, the tax treatment of which is described below. However, such excess distributions may be treated as dividend income for certain non-U.S. holders. For withholding purposes, we expect to treat all distributions as made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. However, amounts withheld may be refundable if it is subsequently determined that the distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, provided that certain conditions are met.

Capital Gain Dividends and Distributions Attributable to a Sale or Exchange of United States Real Property Interests. Distributions to a non-U.S. holder that we properly designate as capital gain dividends, other than those arising from the disposition of a USRPI, generally should not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, unless:

Pursuant to the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act, which is referred to as “FIRPTA,” distributions to a non-U.S. holder that are attributable to gain from sales or exchanges by us of USRPIs, whether or not designated as capital gain dividends, will cause the non-U.S. holder to be treated as recognizing such gain as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. holders generally would be taxed at the regular rates applicable to U.S. holders, subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals. We also will be required to withhold and to remit to the IRS 21% of any distribution to non-U.S. holders attributable to gain from sales or exchanges by us of USRPIs. Distributions subject to FIRPTA may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation. The amount withheld is creditable against the non-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. However, any distribution with respect to any class of stock that is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market located in the United States is not subject to FIRPTA, and therefore, not subject to the 21% U.S. withholding tax described above, if the non-U.S. holder did not own more than 10% of such class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. Instead, such distributions generally will be treated as ordinary dividend distributions and subject to withholding in the manner described above with respect to ordinary dividends. In

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addition, distributions to certain non-U.S. publicly traded shareholders that meet certain record-keeping and other requirements (“qualified shareholders”) are exempt from FIRPTA, except to the extent owners of such qualified shareholders that are not also qualified shareholders own, actually or constructively, more than 10% of our capital stock. Furthermore, distributions to “qualified foreign pension funds” or entities all of the interests of which are held by “qualified foreign pension funds” are exempt from FIRPTA. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of these rules.

Retention of Net Capital Gains. Although the law is not clear on the matter, it appears that amounts we designate as retained net capital gains in respect of our capital stock should be treated with respect to non-U.S. holders as actual distributions of capital gain dividends. Under this approach, the non-U.S. holders may be able to offset as a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability their proportionate share of the tax paid by us on such retained net capital gains and to receive from the IRS a refund to the extent their proportionate share of such tax paid by us exceeds their actual U.S. federal income tax liability. If we were to designate any portion of our net capital gain as retained net capital gain, non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the taxation of such retained net capital gain.

Sale of Our Capital Stock. Except as described below under “—Redemption or Repurchase by Us,” gain realized by a non-U.S. holder upon the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless such stock constitutes a USRPI. In general, stock of a domestic corporation that constitutes a “United States real property holding corporation,” or USRPHC, will constitute a USRPI. We believe that we are a USRPHC. Our capital stock will not, however, constitute a USRPI so long as we are a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity.” A “domestically controlled qualified investment entity” includes a REIT in which at all times during a five-year testing period less than 50% in value of its stock is held directly or indirectly by non-United States persons, subject to certain rules. For purposes of determining whether a REIT is a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity,” a person who at all applicable times holds less than 5% of a class of stock that is “regularly traded” is treated as a United States person unless the REIT has actual knowledge that such person is not a United States person. We believe, but cannot guarantee, that we are a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity.” Because our common stock is (and, we anticipate, will continue to be) publicly traded, no assurance can be given that we will continue to be a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity.”

Even if we do not qualify as a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity” at the time a non-U.S. holder sells our capital stock, gain realized from the sale or other taxable disposition by a non-U.S. holder of such capital stock would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax under FIRPTA as a sale of a USRPI if:

In addition, dispositions of our capital stock by qualified shareholders are exempt from FIRPTA, except to the extent owners of such qualified shareholders that are not also qualified shareholders own, actually or constructively, more than 10% of our capital stock. Furthermore, dispositions of our capital stock by “qualified foreign pension funds” or entities all of the interests of which are held by “qualified foreign pension funds” are exempt from FIRPTA. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of these rules.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, gain from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock not otherwise subject to FIRPTA will be taxable to a non-U.S. holder if either (a) the investment in our capital stock is treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the non-U.S. holder maintains a permanent

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establishment in the United States to which such gain is attributable), in which case the non-U.S. holder will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. holders with respect to such gain, except that a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such gain, as adjusted for certain items, or (b) the non-U.S. holder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met, in which case the non-U.S. holder will be subject to a 30% tax on the non-U.S. holder’s capital gains (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty), which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of the non-U.S. holder (even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States), provided the non-U.S. holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses. In addition, even if we are a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, upon disposition of our capital stock, a non-U.S. holder may be treated as having gain from the sale or other taxable disposition of a USRPI if the non-U.S. holder (1) disposes of such stock within a 30-day period preceding the ex-dividend date of a distribution, any portion of which, but for the disposition, would have been treated as gain from the sale or exchange of a USRPI and (2) acquires, or enters into a contract or option to acquire, or is deemed to acquire, other shares of that stock during the 61-day period beginning with the first day of the 30-day period described in clause (1), unless such class of stock is “regularly traded” and the non-U.S. holder did not own more than 10% of such class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution described in clause (1).

If gain on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, the non-U.S. holder would be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return and would be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax with respect to such gain in the same manner as a taxable U.S. holder (subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals). In addition, if the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, and if shares of the applicable class of our capital stock were not “regularly traded” on an established securities market, the purchaser of such capital stock generally would be required to withhold and remit to the IRS 15% of the purchase price.

Redemption or Repurchase by Us. A redemption or repurchase of shares of our capital stock will be treated under Section 302 of the Code as a distribution (and taxable as a dividend to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits) unless the redemption or repurchase satisfies one of the tests set forth in Section 302(b) of the Code and is therefore treated as a sale or exchange of the redeemed or repurchased shares. See “—Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock—Redemption or Repurchase by Us.” Qualified shareholders and their owners may be subject to different rules, and should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of such rules. If the redemption or repurchase of shares is treated as a distribution, the amount of the distribution will be measured by the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received. See “—Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock—Distributions Generally” above. If the redemption or repurchase of shares is not treated as a distribution, it will be treated as a taxable sale or exchange in the manner described above under “—Sale of Our Capital Stock.”

Taxation of Holders of the Operating Partnership’s Debt Securities

The following summary describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of the operating partnership’s debt securities. This discussion assumes the debt securities will be issued with less than a statutory de minimis amount of original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, this discussion is limited to persons purchasing the debt securities for cash at original issue and at their original “issue price” within the meaning of Section 1273 of the Code (i.e., the first price at which a substantial amount of the debt securities is sold to the public for cash).

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U.S. Holders

Payments of Interest. Interest on a debt security generally will be taxable to a U.S. holder as ordinary income at the time such interest is received or accrued, in accordance with such U.S. holder’s method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Sale or Other Taxable Disposition. A U.S. holder will recognize gain or loss on the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of a debt security. The amount of such gain or loss generally will equal the difference between the amount received for the debt security in cash or other property valued at fair market value (less amounts attributable to any accrued but unpaid interest, which will be taxable as interest to the extent not previously included in income) and the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the debt security. A U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in a debt security generally will be equal to the amount the U.S. holder paid for the debt security. Any gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. holder has held the debt security for more than one year at the time of such sale or other taxable disposition. Otherwise, such gain or loss will be short-term capital gain or loss. Long-term capital gains recognized by certain non-corporate U.S. holders, including individuals, generally will be taxable at a reduced rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Non-U.S. Holders

Payments of Interest. Interest paid on a debt security to a non-U.S. holder that is not effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding, provided that:

If a non-U.S. holder does not satisfy the requirements above, such non-U.S. holder will be subject to withholding tax of 30%, subject to a reduction in or an exemption from withholding on such interest as a result of an applicable tax treaty. To claim such entitlement, the non-U.S. holder must provide the applicable withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or other applicable documentation) claiming a reduction in or exemption from withholding tax under the benefit of an income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is established.

If interest paid to a non-U.S. holder is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the non-U.S. holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such interest is attributable), the non-U.S. holder will be exempt from the U.S. federal withholding tax described above. To claim the exemption, the non-U.S. holder must furnish to the applicable withholding agent a valid IRS Form W-8ECI, certifying that interest paid on a debt security is not subject to withholding tax because it is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business within the United States.

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Any such effectively connected interest generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular rates. A non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may also be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected interest, as adjusted for certain items.

The certifications described above must be provided to the applicable withholding agent prior to the payment of interest and must be updated periodically. Non-U.S. holders that do not timely provide the applicable withholding agent with the required certification, but that qualify for a reduced rate under an applicable income tax treaty, may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable income tax treaty.

Sale or Other Taxable Disposition. A non-U.S. holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of a debt security (such amount excludes any amount allocable to accrued and unpaid interest, which generally will be treated as interest and may be subject to the rules discussed above in “—Taxation of Holders of the Operating Partnership’s Debt Securities—Non-U.S. Holders—Payments of Interest”) unless:

Gain described in the first bullet point above generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular rates. A non-U.S. holder that is a corporation also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected gain, as adjusted for certain items.

A non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet point above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on gain realized upon the sale or other taxable disposition of a debt security, which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of the non-U.S. holder (even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States), provided the non-U.S. holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses.

Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding any applicable income tax treaties that may provide for different rules.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

U.S. Holders. A U.S. holder may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding when such holder receives payments on our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities or proceeds from the sale or other taxable disposition of such stock or debt securities (including a redemption or retirement of a debt security). Certain U.S. holders are exempt from backup withholding, including corporations and certain tax-exempt organizations. A U.S. holder will be subject to backup withholding if such holder is not otherwise exempt and:

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Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedures for obtaining such an exemption.

Non-U.S. Holders. Payments of dividends on our capital stock or interest on the operating partnership’s debt securities generally will not be subject to backup withholding, provided the applicable withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know the holder is a United States person and the holder either certifies its non-U.S. status, such as by furnishing a valid IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI, or otherwise establishes an exemption. However, information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with any distributions on our capital stock or interest on the operating partnership’s debt securities paid to the non-U.S. holder, regardless of whether such distributions constitute a dividend or whether any tax was actually withheld. In addition, proceeds of the sale or other taxable disposition of such stock or debt securities (including a retirement or redemption of a debt security) within the United States or conducted through certain U.S.-related brokers generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting, if the applicable withholding agent receives the certification described above and does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such holder is a United States person, or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Proceeds of a disposition of such stock or debt securities conducted through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting.

Copies of information returns that are filed with the IRS may also be made available under the provisions of an applicable treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is established.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a non-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Medicare Contribution Tax on Unearned Income

Certain U.S. holders that are individuals, estates or trusts are required to pay an additional 3.8% tax on, among other things, dividends on stock, interest on debt obligations and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or debt obligations, subject to certain limitations. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of these rules on their ownership and disposition of our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities.

Additional Withholding Tax on Payments Made to Foreign Accounts

Withholding taxes may be imposed under Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code (such sections commonly referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”)) on certain types of payments made to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends on our capital stock, interest on the operating partnership’s debt securities or (subject to the proposed Treasury Regulations discussed below) gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities, in each case paid to a “foreign financial institution” or a “non-financial foreign entity” (each as defined in the Code), unless (1) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain diligence and reporting obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any “substantial United States owners” (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign

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entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence and reporting requirements in clause (1) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain “specified United States persons” or “United States owned foreign entities” (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.

Under the applicable Treasury Regulations and administrative guidance, withholding under FATCA generally applies to payments of dividends on our capital stock or interest on the operating partnership’s debt securities. While withholding under FATCA would have applied also to payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of stock or debt securities on or after January 1, 2019, proposed Treasury Regulations eliminate FATCA withholding on payments of gross proceeds entirely. Taxpayers generally may rely on these proposed Treasury Regulations until final Treasury Regulations are issued. Because we may not know the extent to which a distribution is a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes at the time it is made, for purposes of these withholding rules we may treat the entire distribution as a dividend.

Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential application of withholding under FATCA to their investment in our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities.

Other Tax Consequences

State, local and non-U.S. income tax laws may differ substantially from the corresponding U.S. federal income tax laws, and this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the tax laws of any state, local or non-U.S. jurisdiction, or any U.S. federal tax other than income tax. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the effect of state, local and non-U.S. tax laws with respect to our tax treatment as a REIT and on an investment in our capital stock or the operating partnership’s debt securities.

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SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

If the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is used by selling securityholders for the resale of any securities registered thereunder, information about such selling securityholders, their beneficial ownership of the securities and their relationship with us will be set forth in a prospectus supplement, in a post-effective amendment, or in filings we make with the SEC under the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference to such registration statement.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We, or selling securityholders, may sell the offered securities on a delayed or continuous basis through agents, underwriters or dealers, directly to one or more purchasers, through a combination of any of these methods of sale, or in any other manner, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. As used herein, the term “selling securityholder” includes pledgees, donees, transferees or other successors-in-interest that receive the applicable offered securities from a selling securityholder as a gift, distribution or other transfer (including a purchase) after the date of this prospectus. We will identify the specific plan of distribution, including any underwriters, dealers, agents or direct purchasers and their compensation, in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Underwriters may offer and sell the offered securities at: (i) a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, (ii) market prices prevailing at the time of sale, (iii) prices related to the prevailing market prices at the time of sale or (iv) negotiated prices. We also may, from time to time, authorize broker-dealers acting as our agents to offer and sell the offered securities upon the terms and conditions as are set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. In connection with the sale of offered securities, underwriters and agents may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of discounts or commissions and may also receive commissions from purchasers of offered securities. Underwriters and agents may sell offered securities to or through dealers, and the dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters, agents and/or commissions from the purchasers.

Any discounts or commissions paid by us to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of offered securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers, will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters, dealers and agents may be entitled, under agreements entered into with us and our operating partnership, to indemnification against and contribution toward civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. We will describe any indemnification agreement in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, any offered securities issued hereunder will be a new issue with no established trading market (other than our common stock). If we sell any shares of our common stock pursuant to a prospectus supplement, such shares will be listed on the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance. We may elect to list any other offered securities issued hereunder on any exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. Any underwriters or agents to or through whom such offered securities are sold by us or our operating partnership for public offering and sale may make a market in such offered securities, but such underwriters or agents will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot assure you as to the liquidity of the trading market for any such offered securities.

If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by institutions or other suitable purchasers to purchase the offered securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in the prospectus supplement. These purchasers may include, among others, commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies and educational and charitable institutions. Delayed delivery contracts will be subject to the condition that the purchase of the offered securities covered by the delayed delivery contracts will not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which the purchaser is subject. The underwriters, dealers and agents will not have any responsibility with respect to the validity or performance of these contracts.

In connection with the distributions of offered securities of selling securityholders, the selling securityholders, underwriters, selling group members and their respective affiliates may (i) enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of such offered securities in the course of hedging the positions they assume, (ii) sell our offered securities short and

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deliver the offered securities of the selling securityholders to close out such short positions, (iii) enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions which require the delivery to them of offered securities offered by the selling securityholder, which they may in turn resell or (iv) pledge offered securities to a broker-dealer or other financial institution, which, upon a default by the selling securityholder under the transaction to which such pledge relates, they may in turn resell.

In addition, the selling securityholders may sell offered securities pursuant to Rule 144 adopted under the Securities Act, as permitted by that rule, or under Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act, rather than pursuant to an applicable prospectus supplement and this prospectus. In effecting sales, broker-dealers or agents engaged by us or the selling securityholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate. Broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions, discounts or concessions from the selling securityholders.

To facilitate the offering of any offered securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the price of such offered securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of such offered securities, which involves the sale by persons participating in the offering of more such offered securities than we or the selling securityholders, as applicable, sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover the over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising any option to purchase additional offered securities that we or the selling securityholders, as applicable, may grant. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of such offered securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if offered securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of such offered securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.

The underwriters, dealers and agents and their affiliates may engage in transactions with and perform services for us and our operating partnership in the ordinary course of business.

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LEGAL MATTERS

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, certain legal matters regarding the validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California, and Ballard Spahr LLP, Baltimore, Maryland. Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California, has issued an opinion to us regarding certain tax matters described under “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

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EXPERTS

The financial statements of Kilroy Realty Corporation incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, and the effectiveness of Kilroy Realty Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports. Such financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance upon the reports of such firm, given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

The financial statements of Kilroy Realty, L.P. incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, and the effectiveness of Kilroy Realty, L.P.’s internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports. Such financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance upon the reports of such firm, given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

The Company files proxy statements and the Company and the operating partnership file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The Company’s website is located at http://www.kilroyrealty.com and the Company and the operating partnership make their periodic reports and other information filed with or furnished to the SEC available, free of charge, through the Company’s website, as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information on, or that can be accessed through, the Company’s website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus and does not constitute a part of this prospectus.

The Company and the operating partnership have filed with the SEC a Registration Statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus is a part, including exhibits, schedules and amendments filed with, or incorporated by reference in, the Registration Statement, under the Securities Act with respect to the securities registered hereby. This prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement do not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement and exhibits and schedules to the Registration Statement. For further information with respect to us, the operating partnership and the securities registered hereby, reference is made to the Registration Statement, including the exhibits to the Registration Statement. Statements contained in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to in, or incorporated by reference in, this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement are not necessarily complete and, where that contract is an exhibit to the Registration Statement or an exhibit to a document incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, each statement is qualified in all respects by the exhibit to which the reference relates. The Registration Statement is available to you on the SEC’s website.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto or a document which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto is automatically updated and superseded if information contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto, or information that we later file with the SEC that is incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto, modifies or replaces such statement. We incorporate by reference the following documents we filed with the SEC:

We are also incorporating by reference any additional documents that we file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from the date of this prospectus until the termination of the offering described in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement. We are not, however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions thereof or exhibits thereto, whether specifically listed above or filed in the future, that are deemed to have been “furnished to,” rather than “filed” with the SEC, including our compensation committee report and performance graph included or incorporated by reference in any Annual Report on Form 10-K or proxy statement, or any information or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K, or any exhibits filed pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K that are not deemed “filed” with the SEC.

To the extent that any Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company or the operating partnership after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering described in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement expressly states that the information in such Current Report on Form 8-K (including any exhibits thereto) amends, supplements, supersedes or replaces any of the information set forth in this prospectus, then such Current Report on Form 8-K shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus unless and until such time as the Company or operating partnership files a subsequent Current Report on Form 8-K or other document that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein and that expressly states that it supersedes or replaces such earlier Current Report on Form 8-K or the information therein in its entirety.

To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, including exhibits, if they are specifically incorporated by reference in the documents, call or write Kilroy Realty Corporation, 12200 West Olympic Boulevard, Suite 200, Los Angeles, California 90064, Attention: Secretary (telephone (310) 481-8400).

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Kilroy Realty, L.P.

$                    

    % Senior Notes due 20

guaranteed by

Kilroy Realty Corporation

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

BofA Securities

J.P. Morgan

Wells Fargo Securities

PNC Capital Markets LLC

Scotiabank

                , 2024