Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates (Policies) | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2024 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation: Management believes the following critical accounting policies, among others, affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition: The Company historically has recognized revenue from two streams, product revenue and tooling revenue. Product revenue is earned from the manufacture and sale of sheet molding compounds and thermoset and thermoplastic products. Revenue from product sales is generally recognized when products are shipped, as the Company transfers control to the customer and is entitled to payment upon shipment. In certain circumstances, the Company recognizes revenue from product sales when products are produced and the customer takes control at our production facility. Tooling revenue is earned from manufacturing multiple tools, molds and assembly equipment as part of a tooling program for a customer. Given that the Company is providing a significant service of producing highly interdependent component parts of the tooling program, each tooling program consists of a single performance obligation to provide the customer the capability to produce a single product. Based on the arrangement with the customer, the Company recognizes revenue either at a point in time or over a given period. When the Company does not have an enforceable right to payment, the Company recognizes tooling revenue at a point in time. In such cases, the Company recognizes revenue upon customer acceptance, which is when the customer has legal title to the tools. Certain tooling programs include an enforceable right to payment. In those cases, the Company recognizes revenue over time based on the extent of progress towards completion of its performance obligation. The Company uses a cost-to-cost measure of progress for such contracts because it best depicts the transfer of value to the customer and also correlates with the amount of consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to the customer. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash is held primarily in three banks in three separate jurisdictions. The Company had $42,348,000 cash on hand at September 30, 2024 and had $24,104,000 cash on hand at December 31, 2023. |
Accounts Receivable Allowances | Accounts Receivable Allowances: Management maintains allowances for credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. The Company has determined that no allowance for credit losses is needed at September 30, 2024 and none is needed at December 31, 2023. Management also records estimates for customer returns and deductions, discounts offered to customers, and for price adjustments. Should customer returns and deductions, discounts, and price adjustments fluctuate from the estimated amounts, additional allowances may be required. The Company had an allowance for estimated chargebacks of $229,000 at September 30, 2024 and $138,000 at December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes in the methodology of these calculations. |
Inventories | Inventories: Inventories, which include material, labor and manufacturing overhead, are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The inventories are accounted for using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method of determining inventory costs. Inventory quantities on-hand are regularly reviewed, and where necessary, provisions for excess and obsolete inventory are recorded based on historical and anticipated usage. The Company has recorded an allowance for slow moving and obsolete inventory of $673,000 at September 30, 2024 and $671,000 at December 31, 2023. |
Contract Assets/Liabilities | Contract Assets/Liabilities: Contract assets and liabilities represent the net cumulative customer billings, vendor payments and revenue recognized for tooling programs. For tooling programs where net revenue recognized and vendor payments exceed customer billings, the Company recognizes a contract asset. For tooling programs where net customer billings exceed revenue recognized and vendor payments, the Company recognizes a contract liability. Customer payment terms vary by contract and can range from progress payments based on work performed or one single payment once the contract is completed. The Company has recorded contract assets of $4,555,000 at September 30, 2024, and $77,000 at December 31, 2023. Contract assets are generally classified as current within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 the Company recognized no impairments on contract assets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized $3,902,000 of revenue from contract liabilities related to open jobs outstanding as of December 31, 2023. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes: The Company evaluates the balance of deferred tax assets that will be realized based on the premise that the Company is more-likely-than-not to realize deferred tax benefits through the generation of future taxable income. |
Long-Lived Assets | Long-Lived Assets: Long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangibles. The recoverability of long-lived assets is evaluated by an analysis of operating results and consideration of other significant events or changes in the business environment. The Company evaluates whether impairment exists for property, plant and equipment on the basis of undiscounted expected future cash flows from operations before interest. There were no impairment charges of the Company’s long-lived assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. |
Goodwill | Goodwill: The purchase consideration of acquired businesses has been allocated to the assets and liabilities acquired based on the estimated fair values on the respective acquisition dates. Based on these values, the excess purchase consideration over the fair value of the net assets acquired was allocated to goodwill. The Company accounts for goodwill in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other. FASB ASC Topic 350 prohibits the amortization of goodwill and requires these assets be reviewed for impairment. The annual impairment tests of goodwill may be completed through qualitative assessments; however, the Company may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to a quantitative impairment test for any period. The Company may resume the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. Under a qualitative and quantitative approach, the impairment test for goodwill consists of an assessment of whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount. As part of the qualitative assessment, the Company considers relevant events and circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying amount of the Company. Such events and circumstances could include changes in economic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, overall financial performance, and capital markets pricing. The Company places more weight on the events and circumstances that most affect the Company's fair value or carrying amount. These factors are all considered by management in reaching its conclusion about whether to perform step one of the impairment test. If the Company elects to bypass the qualitative assessment, or if a qualitative assessment indicates it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated carrying value exceeds its fair value, the Company proceeds to a quantitative approach. There were no impairment charges of the Company's goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. |
Self-Insurance | Self-Insurance: The Company is self-insured with respect to its facilities in Columbus, Ohio; Gaffney, South Carolina; Winona, Minnesota; and Brownsville, Texas for medical, dental and vision claims and Columbus, Ohio for workers’ compensation claims, all of which are subject to stop-loss insurance thresholds. The Company is also self-insured for dental and vision with respect to its Cobourg, Canada location. The Company has recorded an estimated liability for self-insured medical, dental and vision claims incurred but not reported and worker’s compensation claims incurred but not reported at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $1,057,000 and $988,000, respectively. Estimated liabilities for self-insurance are classified as current within accrued other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
Post-retirement Benefits | Post-Retirement Benefits: Management records an accrual for post-retirement costs associated with the health care plan sponsored by Core Molding Technologies. Should actual results differ from the assumptions used to determine the reserves, additional provisions may be required. In particular, increases in future healthcare costs above the assumptions could have an adverse effect on Core Molding Technologies’ operations. The effect of a change in healthcare costs is described in Note 10, "Post-Retirement Benefits", of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Core Molding Technologies had a liability for post-retirement healthcare benefits based on actuarial computed estimates of $2,731,000 at September 30, 2024 and $3,116,000 at December 31, 2023. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280). This ASU updates reportable segment disclosure requirements by requiring disclosures of significant reportable segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of a segment's profit or loss. This ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the individual identified as the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. As this accounting standard only impacts disclosure, it will not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Fair Value Measurement | Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in a transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. Fair value is measured using the fair value hierarchy and related valuation methodologies as defined in the authoritative literature. This hierarchical valuation methodology provides a fair value framework that describes the categorization of assets and liabilities in three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets or liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows: Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations, in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. Level 3 -Significant unobservable inputs reflecting management's own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability. The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, debt, interest rate swaps and foreign currency derivatives. Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable carrying values as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of these financial instruments. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying amounts of the Huntington Term Loan approximated fair value due to the short-term nature of the underlying variable rate SOFR used to determine interest charged on the loans. The Company had Level 2 fair value measurements at September 30, 2024 relating to the Company’s interest rate swaps and foreign currency derivatives. Derivative and hedging activities Foreign Currency Derivatives The Company conducted business in foreign countries and paid certain expenses in foreign currencies; therefore, the Company was exposed to foreign currency exchange risk between the U.S. Dollar and foreign currencies, which could impact the Company’s operating income and cash flows. To mitigate risk associated with foreign currency exchange, the Company entered into forward contracts to exchange a fixed amount of U.S. Dollars for a fixed amount of foreign currency, which will be used to fund future foreign currency cash flows. At inception, all forward contracts are formally documented as cash flow hedges and are measured at fair value each reporting period. Derivatives are formally assessed both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, to ensure that derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. If it is determined that a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, or if the anticipated transaction is no longer probable of occurring, hedge accounting is discontinued, and any future mark-to-market adjustments are recognized in earnings. The effective portion of gain or loss is reported in other comprehensive income and the ineffective portion is reported in earnings. The impacts of these contracts were largely offset by gains and losses resulting from the impact of changes in exchange rates on transactions denominated in the foreign currency. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had no ineffective portion related to the cash flow hedges. The notional contract value of foreign currency derivatives was $33,813,000 and $9,195,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Interest Rate Swap The Company entered into an interest rate swap contract to fix the interest rate on an initial aggregate amount of $25,000,000 thereby reducing exposure to interest rate changes. The interest rate swap pays a fixed rate of 2.95% to the swap counterparty in exchange for daily SOFR. At inception, all interest rate swaps were formally documented as cash flow hedges and are measured at fair value each reporting period. See Note 11, "Debt", for additional information. The notional contract value of the interest rate swap was $22,187,000 and $23,229,000 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31,2023, respectively. Financial statement impacts The following table detail amounts related to our derivatives designated as hedging instruments (in thousands): Fair Value of Derivative Instruments Asset Derivatives Liability Derivatives Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Foreign exchange contracts Prepaid expenses other current assets $ 27 Accrued other liabilities $ 2,079 Other non-current assets $ — Other non-current liabilities $ — Interest rate swaps Prepaid expenses other current assets $ 237 Accrued other liabilities $ — Other non-current assets $ — Other non-current liabilities $ — Fair Value of Derivative Instruments Asset Derivatives Liability Derivatives Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Balance Sheet Location Fair Value Foreign exchange contracts Prepaid expenses other current assets $ 620 Accrued other liabilities $ — Other non-current assets $ — Other non-current liabilities $ — Interest rate swaps Prepaid expenses other current assets $ 419 Accrued other liabilities $ — Other non-current assets $ 105 Other non-current liabilities $ — The following tables summarize the amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI") for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Derivatives in subtopic 815-20 Cash Flow Hedging Relationship: Amount of Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivative Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (A) Amount of Realized Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income 2024 2023 2024 2023 Foreign exchange contracts $ (1,756) $ 88 Cost of goods sold $ (551) $ 897 Selling, general and administrative expense $ (164) $ 89 Interest rate swaps $ (427) $ 334 Interest expense $ 132 $ 125 The following tables summarize the amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) recognized in AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Derivatives in subtopic 815-20 Cash Flow Hedging Relationship: Amount of Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivative Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (A) Amount of Realized Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income 2024 2023 2024 2023 Foreign exchange contracts $ (2,972) $ 2,073 Cost of goods sold $ (246) $ 1,697 Selling, general and administrative expense $ (54) $ 168 Interest rate swaps $ 121 $ 707 Interest expense $ 406 $ 341 (A) The foreign currency derivative activity reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income is allocated to cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expense based on the percentage of foreign currency spend. |