An enterprise is required by Sections 8.051 and 8.105 of the TBOC to indemnify a governing person, former governing person, delegate, or officer against reasonable expenses (including court costs, judgments, penalties, settlements, fines, excise and similar taxes, and reasonable attorney’s fees) actually incurred by the person in connection with a proceeding in which the person is a named defendant or respondent due to the fact that the person is or was in that governing position if the person has been wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of the proceeding. Under Section 8.052 of the TBOC, on application and after notice is provided, a court may order an enterprise to indemnify a governing person, former governing person, or delegate to the extent the court determines that the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances, without regard to whether the governing person, former governing person, or delegate applying to the court satisfies the requirements of Section 8.101 of the TBOC or has been found liable to the enterprise or for improperly receiving a personal benefit whether or not resulting from action taken in such person’s official capacity; however, if the person is found liable to the enterprise or is found liable on the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received by the person, the indemnification will be limited to reasonable expenses (including court costs, judgments, penalties, settlements, fines, excise and similar taxes, and reasonable attorney’s fees).
Under Section 8.151 of the TBOC, an enterprise may purchase or procure or establish and maintain insurance or another arrangement to indemnify or hold harmless an existing or former governing person, delegate, officer, employee, or agent against liability asserted against or incurred by the person in that capacity or arising out of the person’s status in that capacity, without regard to whether the enterprise otherwise would have had the power to indemnify the person against that liability under Chapter 8 of the TBOC, subject to certain conditions. Additionally, an enterprise may also take certain other steps for the benefit of the persons to be indemnified by the entreprise such as creating a trust fund, establishing self-insurance, granting a security interest or other lien on the enterprise’s assets to secure the indemnity obligation, or establishing a letter of credit, guaranty, or surety arrangement.
Under Section 8.104 of the TBOC, an enterprise may pay or reimburse reasonable expenses (including court costs, judgments, penalties, settlements, fines, excise and similar taxes, and reasonable attorney’s fees) incurred by a present governing person or delegate who was, is, or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding without making the determination required under Section 8.101(a) after the enterprise’s receipt of a written affirmation by the person of the person’s good faith belief that the person has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a receipt of a written undertaking by or on behalf of the person to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if the final determination is that the person has not met that standard or that indemnification is prohibited under Section 8.102 of the TBOC. Subject to Section 8.003 of the TBOC and to the extent consistent with law, Section 8.105 of the TBOC provides that an enterprise may advance expenses to an officer, employee, agent, or other person that is not a governing person as provided by (i) the enterprise’s governing documents, (ii) general or specific action of the enterprise’s board of directors or other governing authority, (iii) resolution of the enterprise’s owners or members, (iv) contract, or (v) common law.
Under Section 8.106 of the TBOC, an enterprise may pay or reimburse reasonable expenses incurred by a governing person, officer, employee, agent, delegate, or other person in connection with that person’s appearance as a witness or other participant in a proceeding at a time when the person is not a named defendant or respondent in the proceeding.
Under Section 8.003 of the TBOC, the circumstances in which an enterprise may or is required to indemnify, or may advance expenses to, a person under the TBOC may be restricted by the enterprise’s certificate of formation or written partnership agreement.
The articles of incorporation of Thomson Reuters Tax & Accounting provide that a director shall not be liable to Thomson Reuters Tax & Accounting or its shareholders for monetary damages for an act or omission in the director’s capacity as a director.
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