Winnebago Industries (WGO) 10-Q2023 Q3 Quarterly report

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

    Smaller Reporting Company ☐        Emerging Growth Company ☐

As of June 15, 2023, there were 30,210,602 shares of common stock, par value $0.50 per share, outstanding.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The use of the terms "Winnebago Industries," "Winnebago," "we," "our," and "us" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise requires, refers to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries.

The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein are prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The information furnished in these consolidated financial statements includes normal recurring adjustments, unless noted otherwise in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and reflects all adjustments that are, in management’s opinion, necessary for a fair presentation of such financial statements. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to SEC rules and regulations.

The consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 filed with the SEC. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending August 26, 2023.

In preparing the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements, we have evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and disclosure through the date of this filing noting no material subsequent events.

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) which reduces the number of models used to account for convertible instruments, amends diluted earnings per share ("EPS") calculations for convertible instruments, and amends the requirements for a contract (or embedded derivative) that is potentially settled in an entity's own shares to be classified in equity. Certain disclosure requirements were also added to increase transparency and decision-usefulness regarding a convertible instrument's terms and features. Additionally, the if-converted method must be used for including convertible instruments in diluted EPS as opposed to the treasury stock method. We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023 using the modified retrospective approach, resulting in a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $62.0 million, an increase to long-term debt of $43.8 million, a decrease in the deferred income tax liability of $10.8 million, and an increase to beginning retained earnings of $29.0 million. In addition, the adoption of the amended guidance reduced our non-cash interest expense by $3.9 million (pre-tax) for the three months ended May 27, 2023 and $11.2 million (pre-tax) for the nine months ended May 27, 2023. The if-converted method will be used prospectively to calculate the impact of our convertible instruments on diluted EPS. Under the if-converted method, the 4.7 million shares underlying our convertible instruments are assumed to have been outstanding at the beginning of the reporting period, and any interest expense related to these instruments is excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. Refer to Note 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on the change from the treasury stock method to the if-converted method.

On April 28, 2023, we purchased 100% of the equity interests of Lithionics Battery, LLC and Lithionics LLC (collectively, "Lithionics"), a premier lithium-ion battery solutions provider to the recreational equipment and specialty vehicle markets. Refer to Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information relating to the goodwill and other intangible assets acquired. Pro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented as the impact on our consolidated financial statements was not material.

Total transaction costs related to the Lithionics acquisition of $3.1 million were expensed during the third quarter of Fiscal 2023. Transaction costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

On August 31, 2021, we purchased 100% of the equity interests of Barletta Boat Company, LLC and Three Limes, LLC (collectively, "Barletta"), a manufacturer of high-quality, premium pontoon boats that are sold through a network of independent authorized dealers.

We acquired Barletta for a purchase price of $286.3 million, including cash payments of $240.1 million, $25.0 million in common stock issued to the sellers (subject to a discount noted below), and contingent consideration from earnout provisions. The common stock fair value included in the purchase price reflects a 12% discount, due to the lack of marketability as these are unregistered shares that have a one-year lockup restriction, which reduced the value of the common stock to $22.0 million. The contingent consideration includes both a potential stock payout as well as a potential cash payment based on achievement of certain financial performance metrics within the next year. The maximum payout under the earnout is $50.0 million in cash and $15.0 million in stock if all metrics are achieved. The fair value of the earnout as of August 31, 2021 was $24.2 million. As of May 27, 2023 and August 27, 2022, the total fair value of the earnout was $19.8 million and $39.8 million, respectively. The portion of the earnout liability that will be settled within a year was included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the remaining earnout liability was included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of May 27, 2023, the entire $19.8 million was included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Comparatively, as of August 27, 2022, $21.3 million was included in other current liabilities and $18.5 million was included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In the third quarter of Fiscal 2023, we paid $22.0 million to settle earnout obligations associated with the 2022 cash consideration earnout period. In the third quarter of Fiscal 2022, we issued 0.2 million shares of common stock in connection with the settlement of the 2021 earnout period obligation.

The total purchase price was allocated to the acquired net tangible and intangible assets of Barletta, based on their preliminary fair values at the date of the acquisition. This resulted in the recognition of goodwill of $136.1 million and other intangible assets of $111.4 million. Goodwill from the Barletta acquisition is recognized in our Marine segment. The other intangible assets acquired include a trade name, dealer network, and backlog. The trade name has an indefinite life, while the dealer network is being amortized on a straight line basis over 12 years. The backlog, which was being amortized over 10 months, was fully amortized as of August 27, 2022. We finalized the allocation of the purchase price in the third quarter of Fiscal 2022.

Total transaction costs related to the Barletta acquisition were $3.1 million, of which $2.4 million were expensed during the first quarter of Fiscal 2022. Transaction costs were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

We have eight operating segments: 1) Grand Design towables, 2) Winnebago towables, 3) Winnebago motorhomes, 4) Newmar motorhomes, 5) Chris-Craft marine, 6) Barletta marine, 7) Winnebago specialty vehicles and 8) Lithionics. Financial performance is evaluated based on each operating segment's Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("EBITDA"), as defined below, which excludes certain corporate administration expenses and non-operating income and expense.

Our three reportable segments are: Towable RV (an aggregation of the Grand Design towables and the Winnebago towables operating segments); Motorhome RV (an aggregation of the Winnebago motorhomes and Newmar motorhomes operating segments); and Marine (an aggregation of the Chris-Craft marine and Barletta marine operating segments). Towable RV is comprised of non-motorized RV products that are generally towed by another vehicle, along with other related manufactured products and services. Motorhome RV is comprised of products that include a motorhome chassis, along with other related manufactured products and services. Marine is comprised of products that include boats, along with other related manufactured products and services.

The Corporate / All Other category includes the Winnebago specialty vehicles and Lithionics operating segments as well as certain corporate administration expenses related to the oversight of the enterprise, such as corporate leadership and administration costs.

Identifiable assets of the reportable segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents and certain deferred tax balances. The general corporate assets are included in the Corporate / All Other category.

Our Chief Executive Officer (the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM")) regularly reviews consolidated financial results in their entirety and operating segment financial information through Adjusted EBITDA and has ultimate responsibility for enterprise decisions. Our CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the consolidated enterprise, reportable segments and between operating segments. Management of each operating segment has responsibility for operating decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance within their respective operating segment. The accounting policies of all reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022.

We monitor and evaluate operating performance of our reportable segments based on Adjusted EBITDA. We believe disclosing Adjusted EBITDA is useful to securities analysts, investors and other interested parties when evaluating companies in our industries. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other pretax adjustments made in order to present comparable results period over period. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include acquisition-related costs, litigation reserves, contingent consideration fair value adjustment, and non-operating income or loss.

Financial information by reportable segment is as follows:

Reconciliation of net income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:

Our assets that fund deferred compensation are marketable equity securities measured at fair value using quoted market prices and primarily consist of equity-based mutual funds. These securities, used to fund the Executive Share Option Plan and the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, are classified as Level 1 as they are traded in an active market for which closing stock prices are readily available. Refer to Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 for additional information regarding these plans.

The proportion of the assets that will fund options which expire within a year are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining assets are classified as non-current and are included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contingent consideration represents the earnout liability related to the Barletta acquisition and is valued using a probability-weighted scenario analysis of projected gross profit results and discounted at a risk-free rate. The contingent consideration is classified as Level 3. Actual gross profit results may differ significantly from those used in the estimate above, which may affect future payments. Changes in future payments will be reflected in future operating results as they occur.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the contingent consideration:

The fair value of the earnout liability that will be settled within a year is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining earnout liability is included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on the classification of earnout liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Certain financial instruments are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets primarily include goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, and right-of-use lease assets. These assets were originally recognized at amounts equal to the fair value determined at date of acquisition or purchase. If certain triggering events occur, or if an annual impairment test is required, we will evaluate the non-financial asset for impairment. If an impairment has occurred, the asset will be written down to its current estimated fair value. No impairments were recorded for non-financial assets in the nine months ended May 27, 2023 or May 28, 2022.

Certain financial instruments are not measured at fair value but are recorded at carrying amounts approximating fair value based on their short-term nature. These financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable, other payables, and long-term debt. If these instruments were measured at fair value in the financial statements, they would be classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of our long-term debt was determined using current quoted prices in active markets for our publicly traded debt obligations, which is classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fair value of our long-term debt.

The above inventory value, before reduction for the LIFO reserve, approximates replacement cost at the respective dates.

Depreciation expense was $7.6 million and $6.3 million for the three months ended May 27, 2023 and May 28, 2022, respectively; and $20.9 million and $17.0 million for the nine months ended May 27, 2023 and May 28, 2022, respectively.

We provide certain service and warranty on our products. From time to time, we also voluntarily incur costs for certain warranty-type expenses occurring after the normal warranty period expires to help protect the reputation of our products and maintain the goodwill of our customers. Estimated costs related to product warranty are accrued at the time of sale and are based upon historical warranty and service claims experience. Adjustments are made to accruals as claim data and cost experience becomes available.

In addition to the costs associated with the contractual warranty coverage provided on products, we also occasionally incur costs as a result of additional service actions not covered by warranties, including product recalls and customer satisfaction actions. Although we estimate and reserve for the cost of these service actions when probable and estimable, there can be no assurance that expense levels will remain at current levels or such reserves will continue to be adequate.

On July 15, 2022, we amended and restated our existing asset-backed revolving credit agreement ("ABL Credit Facility") to, among other things, increase the commitments available from $192.5 million to $350.0 million, and extend the maturity date from October 22, 2024 to July 15, 2027 (subject to certain factors which may accelerate the maturity date). The $350.0 million credit facility is on a revolving basis, subject to availability under a borrowing base consisting of eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory. The ABL Credit Facility is available for issuance of letters of credit to a specified limit of $35.0 million. We pay a commitment fee of 0.25% based on the average daily amount of the facility available, but unused during the most recent quarter. We can elect to base the interest rate on various rates plus specific spreads depending on the borrowing amount outstanding. If drawn, interest on ABL Credit Facility borrowings is at a floating rate based upon our election, either term SOFR or REVSOFR30 (as defined in the ABL Credit Facility agreement), plus, in each case, a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, as well as an applicable spread between 1.25% and 1.75%, depending on the usage of the facility during the most recent quarter. Based on current usage, we would pay an applicable spread of 1.25%. In connection with the amendment, we capitalized $1.2 million of issuance costs that will be amortized over the five-year term of the ABL Credit Facility.

On July 8, 2020, we closed our private offering (the “Senior Secured Notes Offering”) of $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “Senior Secured Notes”). The Senior Secured Notes were issued in accordance with an Indenture dated as of July 8, 2020 (the “Indenture”). The Senior Secured Notes will mature on July 15, 2028 unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. Interest on the Senior Secured Notes accrues starting July 8, 2020 and is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, which began on January 15, 2021.

Debt issuance costs incurred and capitalized are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated debt agreement. If early principal payments are made on the Senior Secured Notes, a proportional amount of the unamortized debt issuance costs is expensed. As part of the Senior Secured Notes Offering, we capitalized $7.5 million in debt issuance costs that will be amortized over the eight-year term of the agreement.

Refer to Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 for additional information regarding these credit agreements.

On November 1, 2019, we issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.5% unsecured convertible senior notes due 2025 (“Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers' transaction fees and offering expense payable by us, were approximately $290.2 million. The Convertible Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 1.5%, payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2020, and will mature on April 1, 2025, unless earlier converted or repurchased by us.

The Convertible Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of our common stock or a combination thereof, at our election, at an initial conversion rate of 15.6906 shares of common stock per $1 thousand principal amount of Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $63.73 per share, as adjusted pursuant to the terms of the indenture governing the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes may be converted at any time on or after October 1, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding October 1, 2024, the Convertible Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances:

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes at our option prior to the maturity date, and no sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes.

The conversion rate of the Convertible Notes may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in connection with a conversion of the Convertible Notes made following certain fundamental changes and under other circumstances set forth in the indenture. It is our current intent to settle all conversions of the Convertible Notes in cash. Our ability to cash settle may be limited depending on the stock price at the time of conversion.

On October 29, 2019 and October 30, 2019, in connection with the offering of the Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (collectively, the “Hedge Transactions”) that cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the Convertible Notes.

On October 29, 2019 and October 30, 2019, we also entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions (collectively, the “Warrant Transactions” and, together with the Hedge Transactions, the “Call Spread Transactions”), whereby we sold warrants at a higher strike price relating to the same number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the Convertible Notes, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.

  

The Hedge Transactions and the Warrant Transactions are separate transactions, in each case, and are not part of the terms of the Convertible Notes and will not affect any holder’s rights under the Convertible Notes. Holders of the Convertible Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Call Spread Transactions.

Refer to Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 for additional information regarding the Convertible Notes and the Call Spread Transactions.

In the first quarter of Fiscal 2023, we adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. The new guidance simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing certain separation models. As a result, more convertible debt instruments will be accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost.

Prior to our adoption of ASU 2020-06, we bifurcated the proceeds from the offering of the Convertible Notes between liability and equity components. On the date of issuance, the liability and equity components were calculated to be approximately $215.0 million and $85.0 million, respectively. The initial $215.0 million liability component was determined based on the fair value of similar debt instruments excluding the conversion feature assuming a hypothetical interest rate of 8%. The initial $85.0 million ($64.1 million net of tax) equity component represented the difference between the fair value of the initial $215.0 million in debt and

the $300.0 million of gross proceeds. The initial debt discount of $85.0 million was being amortized over the life of the Convertible Notes as non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method. We recognized $3.9 million and $11.2 million of non-cash interest expense during the three and nine months ended May 28, 2022, respectively. In addition, offering-related costs of $9.8 million were allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to the allocation of proceeds.

In connection with our adoption of ASU 2020-06, we derecognized the remaining unamortized interest discount on the Convertible Notes and therefore recorded no non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of the debt discount during the nine months ended May 27, 2023. As a result, the Convertible Notes are now accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost. Interest expense, representing the amortization of the debt issuance costs as well as the contractual interest expense is amortized using an effective interest rate of 2.1% over the term of the Convertible Notes. We recorded $1.6 million and $4.7 million of interest expense during the three and nine months ended May 27, 2023, respectively.

Refer to Note 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information related to the earnings per share impact associated with the Convertible Notes and our adoption of ASU-2020-06.

The net cost incurred in connection with the Call Spread Transactions was $11.2 million. These transactions are classified as equity and are not remeasured each reporting period.

As of May 27, 2023 and August 27, 2022, the fair value of long-term debt, gross, was $624.5 million and $634.2 million, respectively. The fair value of the Convertible Notes was $332.8 million as of May 27, 2023.

Generally, manufacturers in the same industries as us enter into repurchase agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale floorplan financing to dealers. Most dealers are financed on a "floorplan" basis under which a bank or finance company lends the dealer all, or substantially all, of the purchase price, collateralized by a security interest in the units purchased.

Our repurchase agreements generally provide that, in the event of default by the dealer on the agreement to pay the lending institution, we will repurchase the financed merchandise. The terms of these agreements, which generally can last up to 24 months, provide that our liability will be the lesser of remaining principal owed by the dealer to the lending institution, or dealer invoice less periodic reductions based on the time since the date of the original invoice. Our liability cannot exceed 100% of the

dealer invoice. In certain instances, we also repurchase inventory from dealers due to state law or regulatory requirements that govern voluntary or involuntary relationship terminations. Although laws vary from state to state, some states have laws in place that require manufacturers of recreational vehicles or boats to repurchase current inventory if a dealership exits the business. The total contingent liability on all of our repurchase agreements was approximately $2,069.8 million and $1,783.7 million at May 27, 2023 and August 27, 2022, respectively.

Our loss reserve for repurchase commitments contains uncertainties because the calculation requires management to make assumptions and apply judgment regarding a number of factors. Our risk of loss related to these repurchase commitments is significantly reduced by the potential resale value of any products that are subject to repurchase and is spread over numerous dealers and lenders. The aggregate contingent liability related to our repurchase agreements represents all financed dealer inventory at the period-end reporting date subject to a repurchase agreement, net of the greater of periodic reductions per the agreement or dealer principal payments. Based on these repurchase agreements and our historical loss experience, an associated loss reserve is established which is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our repurchase accrual was $1.3 million and $1.4 million at May 27, 2023 and August 27, 2022, respectively. Repurchase risk is affected by the credit worthiness of our dealer network. We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to establish the loss reserve for repurchase commitments.

There was no material activity related to repurchase agreements during the nine months ended May 27, 2023 and May 28, 2022.

We are involved in various legal proceedings which are considered ordinary and routine litigation incidental to the business, some of which are covered in whole or in part by insurance. While we believe the ultimate disposition of litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, the possibility exists that such litigation may have an impact on our results for a particular reporting period in which litigation effects become probable and reasonably estimable. Though we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change related to these matters, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the future. 

We do not have material contract assets or liabilities. Allowances for uncollectible receivables are established based on historical collection trends, write-off history, consideration of current conditions and expectations for future economic conditions.

No single dealer organization accounted for more than 10% of net revenue for the nine months ended May 27, 2023 or May 28, 2022.

On December 11, 2018, our shareholders approved the Winnebago Industries, Inc. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan ("2019 Plan") as detailed in our Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The 2019 Plan allows us to grant or issue non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted share units, and other equity compensation to key employees and to non-employee directors. The 2019 Plan replaces the 2014 Omnibus Equity, Performance Award, and Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended, the "2014 Plan"). The number of shares of our common stock that may be awarded and issued under the 2019 Plan is 4.1 million shares, plus the shares subject to any awards outstanding under the 2014 Plan and our predecessor plan, the 2004 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2004 Plan”), on December 11, 2018 that subsequently expire, are forfeited or canceled, or are settled for cash. Until such time, awards under the 2014 Plan and the 2004 Plan, respectively, that were outstanding on December 11, 2018 will continue to be subject to the terms of the 2014 Plan or 2004 Plan, as applicable. Shares remaining available for future awards under the 2014 Plan were not carried over into the 2019 Plan.

Our effective tax rate was 21.4% and 24.2% for the three months ended May 27, 2023 and May 28, 2022, respectively, and 23.4% and 23.8% for the nine months ended May 27, 2023 and May 28, 2022, respectively. The decrease in tax rate for the three months ended May 27, 2023 compared to the three months ended May 28, 2022 was driven primarily by the impact of favorable tax return to provision adjustments. The decrease in tax rate for the nine months ended May 27, 2023 compared to the nine months ended May 28, 2022 was driven primarily by the impact of favorable tax return to provision adjustments in the current year and the impact of mostly consistent tax credits year-over-year over decreased income in the current year, offset by a net favorable benefit in the prior year related to stock compensation.

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law in the United States. Among other provisions, the IRA includes a 15% corporate minimum tax rate applied to certain large corporations and a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. We do not expect the IRA to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

We file a U.S. Federal tax return, as well as returns in various international and state jurisdictions. As of May 27, 2023, our Federal returns from Fiscal 2019 to present are subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service. With limited exceptions, state returns from Fiscal 2018 to present continue to be subject to review by state taxing jurisdictions. We are currently under review by certain U.S. state tax authorities for Fiscal 2019 through Fiscal 2021. We believe we have adequately reserved for our exposure to potential additional payments for uncertain tax positions in our liability for unrecognized tax benefits.

For both periods presented, the dilutive effect of stock compensation awards was determined using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, shares associated with certain anti-dilutive securities have been excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding calculation because the exercise of those options would lead to a net reduction in common shares outstanding or anti-dilution.

The terms "Winnebago," "we," "us," and "our," unless the context otherwise requires, refer to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect our future results. Unless otherwise noted, transactions and other factors significantly impacting our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity are discussed in order of magnitude.

Our MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 (including the information presented therein under Risk Factors), as well as our reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K and other publicly available information. All amounts herein are unaudited. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, unless otherwise noted.

Winnebago Industries, Inc. is one of the leading North American manufacturers of recreation vehicles ("RV"s) and marine products with a diversified portfolio used primarily in leisure travel and outdoor recreational activities. We produce our motorhome RV units in Iowa and Indiana; our towable RV units in Indiana; and our marine units in Indiana and Florida. We distribute our RV and marine products primarily through independent dealers throughout the U.S. and Canada, who then retail the products to the end consumer. We also distribute our marine products internationally through independent dealers, who then retail the products to the end consumer.

On April 28, 2023, we completed our acquisition of all the equity interests of Lithionics, a premier lithium-ion battery solutions provider to the recreational equipment and specialty vehicle markets. For further discussion regarding the acquisition, refer to Note 2 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 1 of Part I in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

This MD&A includes financial information prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), as well as certain adjusted or non-GAAP financial measures such as EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other pretax adjustments made in order to present comparable results from period to period.

These non-GAAP financial measures, which are not calculated or presented in accordance with GAAP, have been provided as information supplemental and in addition to the financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for, or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein. The non-GAAP financial measures presented may differ from similar measures used by other companies.

Included in "Results of Operations" below for the three and nine months ended May 27, 2023 compared to the comparable prior year period is a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA from net income, the nearest GAAP measure. We have included these non-GAAP performance measures as a comparable measure to illustrate the effect of non-recurring transactions that occurred during the reported periods and to improve comparability of our results from period to period. We believe Adjusted EBITDA provides meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance as this measure excludes amounts from net income that we do not consider part of our core operating results when assessing our performance. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include acquisition-related costs, litigation reserves, contingent consideration fair value adjustment, and non-operating income or loss.

The following is an analysis of changes in key items included in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended May 27, 2023 compared to the three months ended May 28, 2022: