NetScout Systems 10Q 2023 Q2 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the transition period from to

Commission file number 000-26251

NETSCOUT SYSTEMS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Delaware						04-2837575
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)						(IRS Employer Identification No.)

310 Littleton Road, Westford, MA 01886

(978) 614-4000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	NTCT	Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of October 26, 2022 was 72,246,039.

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NETSCOUT SYSTEMS, INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS



CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		1

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Unaudited Financial Statements:

	Consolidated Balance Sheets: At September 30 , 2022 and March 31, 2022	2

	Consolidated Statements of Operations: For the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	3

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income: For the three and six months ended Se ptember 30, 2022 and 2021	4

	Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity: For the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	5

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: For the six months ended Sept ember 30, 2022 and 2021	7

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	8

Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	40

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	40

PART II: OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	41

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	41

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	41

Item 5.	Other Information	41

Item 6.	Exhibits	42

SIGNATURES		43

Unless the context suggests otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Quarterly Report, to "NetScout," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to NetScout Systems, Inc. and, where appropriate, our consolidated subsidiaries.

NetScout, the NetScout logo, Adaptive Service Intelligence and other trademarks or service marks of NetScout appearing in this Quarterly Report are the property of NetScout Systems, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries and/or affiliates in the United States and/or other countries. Any third-party trade names, trademarks and service marks appearing in this Quarterly Report are the property of their respective holders.

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Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this Quarterly Report contain forward-looking statements under Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and other federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and are identified by terminology such as "may," "will," "could," "should," "expects," "plans," "intends," "seeks," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "potential," or "continue," or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including those described in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. These factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We cannot assure you that the results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.

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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Unaudited Financial Statements

NetScout Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share data)


	September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	320,325	$	636,161
Marketable securities	46,806		67,037
Accounts receivable and unbilled costs, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,903 and $1,649 at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively	139,126		148,245
Inventories and deferred costs	24,063		28,220
Prepaid income taxes	30,420		9,349

Prepaid expenses and other current assets	27,649		32,927
Total current assets	588,389		921,939
Fixed assets, net	38,752		41,337
Operating lease right-of-use assets	49,757		54,996
Goodwill	1,733,342		1,723,156
Intangible assets, net	393,650		433,419
Deferred income taxes	6,232		6,883

Other assets	11,931		12,979
Total assets	$	2,822,053	$	3,194,709
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	21,474	$	21,959
Accrued compensation	55,385		75,788
Accrued other	26,972		32,064
Income taxes payable	574		4,353

Deferred revenue and customer deposits	287,328		330,585
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	10,463		11,411
Total current liabilities	402,196		476,160
Other long-term liabilities	7,468		7,470
Deferred tax liability	71,510		78,899
Accrued long-term retirement benefits	30,917		34,737
Long-term deferred revenue and customer deposits	123,477		133,121
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	48,839		53,927
Long-term debt	200,000		350,000

Total liabilities	884,407		1,134,314
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:
5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022	—		—
Common stock, $0.001 par value:
300,000,000 shares authorized; 128,373,156 and 126,425,383 shares issued and 72,243,650 and 74,102,293 shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively	128		126
Additional paid-in capital	3,015,644		3,023,403
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,056)		141
Treasury stock at cost, 56,129,506 and 52,323,090 shares at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively	(1,497,886)		(1,373,840)
Retained earnings	420,816		410,565
Total stockholders' equity	1,937,646		2,060,395
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,822,053	$	3,194,709

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NetScout Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue:
Product	$	111,816	$	101,619	$	210,067	$	183,569
Service	116,265		110,299		226,826		218,621
Total revenue	228,081		211,918		436,893		402,190
Cost of revenue:
Product	25,881		20,340		52,686		43,505
Service	31,760		31,304		62,669		62,549
Total cost of revenue	57,641		51,644		115,355		106,054
Gross profit	170,440		160,274		321,538		296,136
Operating expenses:
Research and development	43,917		44,483		87,374		87,303
Sales and marketing	66,118		65,185		142,441		131,143
General and administrative	25,261		23,471		50,051		46,216
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	13,801		14,970		27,682		29,976
Restructuring charges	(60)		—		1,714		—


Total operating expenses	149,037		148,109		309,262		294,638
Income from operations	21,403		12,165		12,276		1,498
Interest and other expense, net:
Interest income	756		45		1,032		109
Interest expense	(2,242)		(2,411)		(4,106)		(4,566)
Other income (expense), net	(538)		30		(308)		(299)
Total interest and other expense, net	(2,024)		(2,336)		(3,382)		(4,756)
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)	19,379		9,829		8,894		(3,258)
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,996		1,933		(1,357)		187
Net income (loss)	$	17,383	$	7,896	$	10,251	$	(3,445)
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.24	$	0.11	$	0.14	$	(0.05)
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.24	$	0.11	$	0.14	$	(0.05)
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in computing:
Net income (loss) per share - basic	71,856		74,382		72,152		74,122
Net income (loss) per share - diluted	72,891		75,093		73,494		74,122

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NetScout Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income (loss)	$	17,383	$	7,896	$	10,251	$	(3,445)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Cumulative translation adjustments	(310)		(52)		(561)		(33)
Changes in market value of investments:
Changes in unrealized losses, net of tax of $0, $0, $3, and $2, respectively	—		—		(11)		(5)
Total net change in market value of investments	—		—		(11)		(5)
Changes in market value of derivatives:
Changes in market value of derivatives, net of (benefit) taxes of ($237), ($9), ($283), and $30, respectively	(762)		(33)		(910)		97
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income (loss), net of taxes (benefit) of $51, $9, $89, and ($15), respectively	163		31		285		(50)
Total net change in market value of derivatives	(599)		(2)		(625)		47
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(909)		(54)		(1,197)		9
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	16,474	$	7,842	$	9,054	$	(3,436)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NetScout Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Common Stock Voting			Additional Paid In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders' Equity

	Shares	Par Value						Shares	Stated Value
Balance, June 30, 2022	127,371,813	$	127	$	2,993,163	$	(147)	55,887,992	$	(1,489,687)	$	403,433	$	1,906,889
Net income											17,383		17,383

Unrealized net loss on derivative financial instruments						(599)							(599)
Cumulative translation adjustments						(310)							(310)

Issuance of common stock pursuant to vesting of restricted stock units	795,314	1											1
Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units granted to employees				15,942									15,942
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	206,029			6,539									6,539
Repurchase of treasury stock				—				241,514	(8,199)				(8,199)


Balance, September 30, 2022	128,373,156	$	128	$	3,015,644	$	(1,056)	56,129,506	$	(1,497,886)	$	420,816	$	1,937,646



	Six Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Common Stock Voting			Additional Paid In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders' Equity

	Shares	Par Value						Shares	Stated Value
Balance, March 31, 2022	126,425,383	$	126	$	3,023,403	$	141	52,323,090	$	(1,373,840)	$	410,565	$	2,060,395
Net income											10,251		10,251
Unrealized net investment losses						(11)							(11)
Unrealized net loss on derivative financial instruments						(625)							(625)
Cumulative translation adjustments						(561)							(561)


Issuance of common stock pursuant to vesting of restricted stock units	1,741,744	2											2
Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units granted to employees				30,702									30,702
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	206,029			6,539									6,539
Repurchase of treasury stock				(45,000)				3,806,416	(124,046)				(169,046)

Balance, September 30, 2022	128,373,156	$	128	$	3,015,644	$	(1,056)	56,129,506	$	(1,497,886)	$	420,816	$	1,937,646

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NetScout Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Common Stock Voting			Additional Paid In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders’ Equity

	Shares	Par Value						Shares	Stated Value
Balance, June 30, 2021	124,694,737	$	124	$	2,968,631	$	(1,877)	50,610,492	$	(1,327,273)	$	363,350	$	2,002,955
Net income											7,896		7,896

Unrealized net losses on derivative financial instruments						(2)							(2)
Cumulative translation adjustments						(52)							(52)

Issuance of common stock pursuant to vesting of restricted stock units	1,162,813	2											2
Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units granted to employees				16,183									16,183
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	251,308			6,890									6,890
Repurchase of treasury stock								1,280,705	(34,868)				(34,868)


Balance, September 30, 2021	126,108,858	$	126	$	2,991,704	$	(1,931)	51,891,197	$	(1,362,141)	$	371,246	$	1,999,004



	Six Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Common Stock Voting			Additional Paid In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock			Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders’ Equity

	Shares	Par Value						Shares	Stated Value
Balance, March 31, 2021	124,197,974	$	124	$	2,955,400	$	(1,940)	50,446,359	$	(1,322,496)	$	374,691	$	2,005,779
Net loss											(3,445)		(3,445)
Unrealized net investment losses						(5)							(5)
Unrealized net gains on derivative financial instruments						47							47
Cumulative translation adjustments						(33)							(33)

Issuance of common stock pursuant to vesting of restricted stock units	1,659,576	2											2
Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units granted to employees				29,414									29,414
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan	251,308			6,890									6,890
Repurchase of treasury stock								1,444,838	(39,645)				(39,645)


Balance, September 30, 2021	126,108,858	$	126	$	2,991,704	$	(1,931)	51,891,197	$	(1,362,141)	$	371,246	$	1,999,004

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NetScout Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	10,251	$	(3,445)
Adjustments to reconcile net (income) loss to cash (used in) provided by operating activities, net of the effects of acquisitions:
Depreciation and amortization	42,847		48,246
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		596
Operating lease right-of-use assets	5,327		4,904

Loss on disposal of fixed assets	13		2

Share-based compensation expense	32,082		30,700



Deferred income taxes	(5,963)		(6,270)
Other gains	—		(10)
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable and unbilled costs	8,850		34,935

Inventories	2,745		(5,481)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(15,583)		(7,082)
Accounts payable	(737)		(313)
Accrued compensation and other expenses	(19,562)		(17,753)
Operating lease liabilities	(6,128)		(5,591)


Income taxes payable	(4,383)		(2,225)
Deferred revenue	(52,148)		(23,874)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(2,389)		47,339
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of marketable securities	(60,914)		(11,343)
Proceeds from sales and maturity of marketable securities	81,131		13,266
Purchase of fixed assets	(5,215)		(4,301)

Purchase of intangible assets	(161)		—
Decrease in deposits	9		26





Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	14,850		(2,352)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of common stock under stock plans	2		2

Treasury stock repurchases, including accelerated share repurchases	(150,039)		(24,413)
Tax withholding on restricted stock units	(19,007)		(14,997)
Payment of debt issuance costs	—		(3,660)
Repayment of long-term debt	(150,000)		(350,000)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt	—		350,000


Net cash used in financing activities	(319,044)		(43,068)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(9,253)		(625)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(315,836)		1,294
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	636,161		467,176
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	320,325	$	468,470
Supplemental disclosures:
Cash paid for interest	$	3,001	$	2,540
Cash paid for income taxes	$	30,134	$	18,963
Non-cash transactions:
Transfers of inventory to fixed assets	$	1,371	$	2,657
Additions to property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable	$	289	$	243





Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	$	6,539	$	6,890




Unsettled share repurchases, included in accounts payable	$	—	$	235

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NetScout Systems, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared by NetScout Systems, Inc. (NetScout or the Company). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared under United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the Company's financial position and stockholders' equity, results of operations and cash flows. The year-end consolidated balance sheet data and statement of stockholders' equity were derived from the Company's audited financial statements, but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The results reported in these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2022.

Macroeconomic Conditions and COVID-19 Impact

The Company continues to closely monitor the current global and macroeconomic conditions, including the impact of the corona-virus (COVID-19) pandemic, the war in Ukraine, global geopolitical tension, stock market volatility, exchange rate fluctuations, rising inflation and interest rates, and the risk of a recession, on all aspects of its business, including the manner and extent to which they have impacted and could continue to impact its customers, employees, supply chain, and distribution network. The impacts of these global and macroeconomic trends and the COVID-19 pandemic remain uncertain. It is possible that the measures taken by the governments of countries affected and the resulting economic impact may materially and adversely affect the Company's future results of operations, cash flows and financial position as well as its customers.

The Company has the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about its ability to meet its future financial obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. The Company has taken and continues to take precautionary actions to manage costs and spending across the organization. This includes managing discretionary spending and hiring activities. In addition, based on covenant levels, the Company had, as of September 30, 2022, an incremental $600 million available under its revolving credit facility.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act) was enacted. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The Company had elected to defer the employer-paid portion of social security taxes. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had deferred $4.5 million of employer payroll taxes, which is required to be deposited by December 2022. The balance of $4.5 million was included as accrued other in the Company's consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2022.

The Company expects net cash provided by operations combined with cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities and borrowing availability under the revolving credit facility to provide sufficient liquidity to fund current obligations, capital spending, debt service requirements and working capital requirements over at least the next twelve months.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires companies to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination as if the acquiring company originated the related revenue contracts. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2021-08 is effective for the Company beginning April 1, 2023. Amendments within the standard are required to be applied on a prospective basis from the date of adoption. The adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and disclosures. We will apply the provisions of ASU 2021-08 after adoption to future acquisitions, if any.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The amendments provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain

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criteria are met. The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform, which clarifies the scope and application of certain optional expedients and exceptions regarding the original guidance. ASU 2021-01 may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022, that an entity has elected certain optional expedients for and that are retained through the end of the hedging relationship. The adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and disclosures.

NOTE 2 – REVENUE

Revenue Recognition Policy

The Company exercises judgment and uses estimates in connection with determining the amounts of product and service revenues to be recognized in each accounting period.

The Company derives revenues primarily from the sale of network management tools and cybersecurity solutions for service provider and enterprise customers, which include hardware, software, and service offerings. The Company's product sales consist of software only offerings and offerings which include hardware appliances with embedded software that are essential to providing customers the intended functionality of the solutions.

The Company accounts for revenue once a legally enforceable contract with a customer has been approved by the parties and the related promises to transfer products or services have been identified. A contract is defined by the Company as an arrangement with commercial substance identifying payment terms, each party’s rights and obligations regarding the products or services to be transferred and the amount the Company deems probable of collection. Customer contracts may include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether the products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately or as one combined performance obligation may require significant judgment. Revenue is recognized when control of the products or services are transferred to the Company's customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for products and services.

Product revenue is typically recognized upon fulfillment, provided a legally enforceable contract exists, control has passed to the customer, and in the case of software products, when the customer has the rights and ability to access the software, and collection of the related receivable is probable. If any significant obligations to the customer remain post-delivery, typically involving obligations relating to installation and acceptance by the customer, revenue recognition is deferred until such obligations have been fulfilled. The Company's service offerings include installation, integration, extended warranty and maintenance services, post-contract customer support, stand-ready software-as-a-service (SAAS) and other professional services including consulting and training. The Company generally provides software and/or hardware support as part of product sales. Revenue related to the initial bundled software and hardware support is recognized ratably over the support period. In addition, customers can elect to purchase extended support agreements for periods after the initial software/hardware warranty expiration. Support services generally include rights to unspecified upgrades (when and if available), telephone and internet-based support, updates, bug fixes and hardware repair and replacement. Consulting services are recognized upon delivery or completion of performance depending on the terms of the underlying contract. Reimbursements of out-of-pocket expenditures incurred in connection with providing consulting services are included in services revenue, with the offsetting expense recorded in cost of service revenue. Training services include on-site and classroom training. Training revenues are recognized upon delivery of the training.

Generally, the Company's contracts are accounted for individually. However, when contracts are closely interrelated and dependent on each other, it may be necessary to account for two or more contracts as one to reflect the substance of the group of contracts.

Bundled arrangements are concurrent customer purchases of a combination of the Company's product and service offerings that may be delivered at various points in time. The Company allocates the transaction price among the performance obligations in an amount that depicts the relative standalone selling prices (SSP) of each obligation. Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The Company uses a range of amounts to estimate SSP when it sells each of the products and services separately based primarily on the performance obligation's historical pricing. The Company also considers its overall pricing objectives and practices across different sales channels and geographies, and market conditions. Generally, the Company has established SSP for a majority of its service performance obligations based on historical standalone sales. In certain instances, the Company has established SSP for services based upon an estimate of profitability and the underlying cost to fulfill those services. SSP has primarily been established for product performance obligations as the average or median selling price the performance obligation was recently sold for, whether sold alone or sold as part of a bundle transaction. The Company reviews sales of the product performance obligations on a quarterly basis and

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updates, when appropriate, its SSP for such performance obligations to ensure that it reflects recent pricing experience. The Company's products are distributed through its direct sales force and indirect distribution channels through alliances with resellers and distributors. Revenue arrangements with resellers and distributors are recognized on a sell-in basis; that is, when control of the product transfers to the reseller or distributor. The Company records consideration given to a customer as a reduction of revenue to the extent they have recorded revenue from the customer. With limited exceptions, the Company's return policy does not allow product returns for a refund. Returns have been insignificant to date. In addition, the Company has a history of successfully collecting receivables from its resellers and distributors.

During the six months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $203.7 million related to the Company's deferred revenue balance reported at March 31, 2022.

Performance Obligations

Customer contracts may include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether the products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately or as one combined performance obligation may require significant judgment. The transaction price is allocated among performance obligations in bundled contracts in an amount that depicts the relative standalone selling prices of each obligation.

For contracts involving distinct hardware and software licenses, the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when control is transferred to the customer. For standalone maintenance and post-contract support (PCS) the performance obligation is satisfied ratably over the contract term as a stand-ready obligation. For consulting and training services, the performance obligation may be satisfied over the contract term as a stand-ready obligation, satisfied over a period of time as those services are delivered, or satisfied at the completion of the service when control has transferred, or the services have expired unused.

Payments for hardware, software licenses, one-year maintenance, PCS and consulting services, are typically due up front with payment terms of 30 to 90 days. However, the Company does have contracts pursuant to which billings occur ratably over a period of years following the transfer of control for the contracted performance obligations. Payments on multi-year maintenance, PCS and consulting services are typically due in annual installments over the contract term. The Company did not have any material variable consideration such as obligations for returns, refunds or warranties at September 30, 2022.

At September 30, 2022, the Company had total deferred revenue of $410.8 million, which represents the aggregate total contract price allocated to undelivered performance obligations. The Company expects to recognize $287.3 million, or 70%, of this revenue during the next 12 months, and expects to recognize the remaining $123.5 million, or 30%, of this revenue thereafter.

Because of NetScout's revenue recognition policies, there are circumstances for which the Company does not recognize revenue relating to sales transactions that have been billed, but the related account receivable has not been collected. While the receivable represents an enforceable obligation, the Company does not believe its right to payment is unconditional, therefore for balance sheet presentation purposes, the Company has not recognized the deferred revenue or the related account receivable and no amounts appear in the consolidated balance sheets for such transactions because control of the underlying deliverable has not transferred. The aggregate amount of unrecognized accounts receivable and deferred revenue was $6.8 million and $9.4 million at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively.

NetScout expects that the amount of billed and unbilled deferred revenue will change from quarter to quarter for several reasons, including the specific timing, duration and size of large customer support and service agreements, varying billing cycles of such agreements, the specific timing of customer renewals, and foreign currency fluctuations. The Company did not have material significant financing components, or variable consideration or performance obligations satisfied in a prior period recognized during the six months ended September 30, 2022.

Contract Balances

The Company may receive payments from customers based on billing schedules as established by the Company's contracts. Contract assets relate to performance obligations where control has transferred to the customer in advance of scheduled billings. The Company records unbilled accounts receivable representing the right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that have been transferred to a customer conditional on the passage of time. Deferred revenue relates to scenarios where billings with an unconditional right to payment occur before all performance obligations are delivered or payments are received in advance of performance under the contract.

Costs to Obtain Contracts

The Company has determined that the only significant incremental costs incurred to obtain contracts with customers within the scope of Topic 606 are sales commissions paid to its employees. Sales commissions are recorded as an asset and amortized to expense ratably over the remaining performance periods of the related contracts with remaining performance

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obligations. The Company expenses costs as incurred for sales commissions when the amortization period would have been one year or less.

At September 30, 2022, the consolidated balance sheet included $9.4 million in assets related to sales commissions to be expensed in future periods. A balance of $4.9 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and a balance of $4.5 million was included in other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2022. At March 31, 2022, the consolidated balance sheet included $8.8 million in assets related to sales commissions to be expensed in future periods. A balance of $4.6 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and a balance of $4.2 million was included in other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2022.

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the Company recognized $1.7 million, $1.5 million, $3.5 million and $3.1 million of amortization related to this sales commission asset, which is included in the sales and marketing expense line in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The Company continually monitors collections from its customers. The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable and determines the appropriate allowance for credit losses based on a combination of factors, including but not limited to, analysis of the aging schedules, past due balances, historical collection experience and prevailing economic conditions.

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):


Balance at March 31, 2022	$	1,649
Provision for allowance for credit losses	734
Recoveries and other adjustments	259
Write off charged against the allowance for credit losses	(739)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	1,903

NOTE 3 – CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of investments, trade accounts receivable and accounts payable. The Company's cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities are placed with financial institutions with high credit standings.

At September 30, 2022, the Company had one direct customer which accounted for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance, while no indirect channel partners accounted for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance. At March 31, 2022, the Company had no direct customers or indirect channel partners which accounted for more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance.

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, one direct customer, Verizon, accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total revenue, while no indirect channel partners accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, one direct customer, Verizon, accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total revenue, while no indirect channel partners accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. During the six months ended September 30, 2021, no direct customers or channel partners accounted for more than 10% of total revenue.

Historically, the Company has not experienced any significant failure of its customers' ability to meet their payment obligations nor does the Company anticipate material non-performance by its customers in the future; accordingly, the Company does not require collateral from its customers. However, if the Company's assumptions are incorrect, there could be an adverse impact on its allowance for doubtful accounts.

NOTE 4 – SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

On September 12, 2019, the Company's stockholders approved the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (2019 Plan), which replaced the Company's 2007 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (Amended 2007 Plan). The 2019 Plan permits the granting of incentive and nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, and other stock awards, collectively referred to as "share-based awards."

On September 10, 2020, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the 2019 Plan (2019 Amended Plan) to increase the number of shares reserved for issuance by 4,700,000 shares, established a one-year minimum vesting requirement for awards granted on or after September 10, 2020, and changed the factor used to calculate the increase or reduction in the number of shares available for issuance under the 2019 Amended Plan.

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On August 24, 2022, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the 2019 Amended Plan (2019 Second Amended Plan). This amendment increased the number of shares reserved for issuance by 7,000,000 shares and changed the factor used to calculate the increase or reduction in the number of shares available for issuance under the 2019 Second Amended Plan. At August 24, 2022, there was a total of 8,764,811 shares reserved for issuance under the 2019 Second Amended Plan, which consisted of 7,000,000 new shares plus 1,764,811 shares that remained available for grant under the 2019 Amended Plan as of August 24, 2022, the effective date of the 2019 Second Amended Plan. At September 30, 2022, an aggregate of 6,774,194 shares of unvested equity awards were outstanding under the 2019 Second Amended Plan.

Periodically, the Company grants share-based awards to employees, officers, and directors of the Company and its subsidiaries. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted performance-based restricted stock units to certain executive officers that vest based upon the Company's total shareholder return as compared to the Russell 2000 Index over a three-year period ending in June 2024. The performance-based restricted stock units were valued using the Monte Carlo Simulation model. The measurement and recognition of compensation expense is based on estimated fair values for all share-based payment awards made to its employees and directors. Share-based award grants are generally measured at fair value on the date of grant based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of the Company's common stock. Such value is recognized as a cost of revenue or an operating expense over the corresponding vesting period.

The following is a summary of share-based compensation expense including restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units granted pursuant to the Company's Amended 2007 Plan, the 2019 Plan, the 2019 Amended Plan, and the 2019 Second Amended Plan, and employee stock purchases made under the Company's 2011 Amended and Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), based on estimated fair values within the applicable cost and expense lines identified below (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of product revenue	$	315	$	321	$	607	$	595
Cost of service revenue	2,080		1,907		3,825		3,520
Research and development	4,580		4,902		9,011		8,993
Sales and marketing	6,043		5,842		11,793		10,656
General and administrative	3,483		3,763		6,846		6,936
	$	16,501	$	16,735	$	32,082	$	30,700

Employee Stock Purchase Plan – The Company maintains the ESPP for all eligible employees as described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2022. Under the ESPP, shares of the Company's common stock may be purchased on the last day of each bi-annual offering period at 85% of the fair value on the last day of such offering period. The offering periods run from March 1st through August 31st and from September 1st through the last day of February each year. During the six months ended September 30, 2022, employees purchased 206,029 shares under the ESPP and the fair value per share was $31.74.

On August 24, 2022, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the ESPP that increased the number of shares available under the ESPP by an additional 2,000,000 shares.

NOTE 5 – CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents and those investments with original maturities greater than three months to be marketable securities. Cash and cash equivalents mainly consisted of U.S. government and municipal obligations, commercial paper, certificate of deposits, money market instruments and cash maintained with various financial institutions at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022.

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Marketable Securities

The following is a summary of marketable securities held by NetScout at September 30, 2022, classified as short-term and long-term (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Type of security:
U.S. government and municipal obligations	$	17,776	$	(38)	$	17,738
Commercial paper	22,292		—		22,292
Corporate bonds	819		(4)		815
Certificates of deposit	5,961		—		5,961
Total short-term marketable securities	46,848		(42)		46,806


Total long-term marketable securities	—		—		—
Total marketable securities	$	46,848	$	(42)	$	46,806

The following is a summary of marketable securities held by NetScout at March 31, 2022, classified as short-term and long-term (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Type of security:
U.S. government and municipal obligations	$	40,895	$	(32)	$	40,863
Commercial paper	23,353		—		23,353
Corporate bonds	823		(2)		821
Certificates of deposit	2,000		—		2,000
Total short-term marketable securities	67,071		(34)		67,037


Total long-term marketable securities	—		—		—
Total marketable securities	$	67,071	$	(34)	$	67,037

Contractual maturities of the Company's marketable securities held at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Available-for-sale securities:
Due in 1 year or less	$	46,806	$	67,037
Due after 1 year through 5 years	—		—
	$	46,806	$	67,037

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NOTE 6 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value. Level 1 refers to fair values determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant other observable inputs, and Level 3 includes fair values estimated using significant non-observable inputs. The following tables present the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis using the fair value hierarchy at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022 (in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurements at
	September 30, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	274,776	$	45,549	$	—	$	320,325
U.S. government and municipal obligations	16,143		1,595		—		17,738
Commercial paper	—		22,292		—		22,292
Corporate bonds	815		—		—		815
Certificate of deposits	—		5,961		—		5,961



	$	291,734	$	75,397	$	—	$	367,131
LIABILITIES:


Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	(877)	$	—	$	(877)
	$	—	$	(877)	$	—	$	(877)


	Fair Value Measurements at
	March 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	617,734	$	18,427	$	—	$	636,161
U.S. government and municipal obligations	40,863		—		—		40,863
Commercial paper	—		23,353		—		23,353
Corporate bonds	821		—		—		821
Certificate of deposits	—		2,000		—		2,000
Derivative financial instruments	—		20		—		20

	$	659,418	$	43,800	$	—	$	703,218
LIABILITIES:


Derivative financial instruments	$	—	$	(78)	$	—	$	(78)
	$	—	$	(78)	$	—	$	(78)

This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. On a recurring basis, the Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value, including marketable securities and derivative financial instruments.

The Company's Level 1 investments are classified as such because they are valued using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency.

The Company's Level 2 investments are classified as such because they are valued using observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active.

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NOTE 7 – INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of actual cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by using the first in, first out (FIFO) method. Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Raw materials	$	16,137	$	14,779
Work in process	1,122		695
Finished goods	6,011		5,761
Deferred costs	793		6,985
	$	24,063	$	28,220

NOTE 8 – GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The Company has one reporting unit. The Company assesses goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, or on an interim basis if an event occurs or circumstances change that would, more likely than not, reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company completed its annual impairment test on January 31, 2022 using the qualitative assessment as the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value.

At September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, the carrying amount of goodwill was $1.7 billion. The change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended September 30, 2022 was due to the impact of foreign currency translation adjustments related to asset balances that are recorded in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar.

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended September 30, 2022 as follows (in thousands):


Balance at March 31, 2022	$	1,723,156








Foreign currency translation impact	10,186
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	1,733,342

Intangible Assets

The net carrying amounts of intangible assets were $393.7 million and $433.4 million at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recorded under the acquisition method of accounting at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The Company amortizes acquired intangible assets over their estimated useful lives.

Intangible assets include the following amortizable intangible assets at September 30, 2022 (in thousands):


	Estimated Useful Life in Years	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Developed technology	3 - 13 years	$	247,023	$	(226,092)	$	20,931
Customer relationships	8 - 18 years	757,925		(404,426)		353,499
Distributor relationships and technology licenses	1 - 6 years	11,371		(9,341)		2,030
Definite-lived trademark and trade name	2 - 9 years	57,245		(40,270)		16,975
Core technology	10 years	7,192		(7,192)		—

Non-compete agreements	3 years	292		(292)		—


Capitalized software	3 years	3,317		(3,317)		—

Other	1 - 20 years	1,208		(993)		215
		$	1,085,573	$	(691,923)	$	393,650

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Intangible assets include the following amortizable intangible assets at March 31, 2022 (in thousands):


	Estimated Useful Life in Years	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Developed technology	3 - 13 years	$	250,247	$	(224,426)	$	25,821
Customer relationships	8 - 18 years	769,404		(384,347)		385,057
Distributor relationships and technology licenses	1 - 6 years	11,408		(8,896)		2,512
Definite-lived trademark and trade name	2 - 9 years	57,748		(37,944)		19,804
Core technology	10 years	7,192		(7,192)		—

Non-compete agreements	3 years	292		(292)		—


Capitalized software	3 years	3,317		(3,317)		—
Other	1 - 20 years	1,208		(983)		225
		$	1,100,816	$	(667,397)	$	433,419

Amortization included as cost of product revenue consists of amortization of developed technology, distributor relationships and technology licenses, core technology and software. Amortization included as operating expense consists of all other intangible assets. The following table provides a summary of amortization expense for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Amortization of intangible assets included as:

Cost of product revenue	$	2,628	$	3,654	$	5,281	$	7,316
Operating expense	13,806		14,975		27,692		29,986
	$	16,434	$	18,629	$	32,973	$	37,302

The following is the expected future amortization expense at September 30, 2022 for the fiscal years ending March 31 (in thousands):


2023 (remaining six months)	$	32,700
2024	57,268
2025	50,167
2026	45,852
2027	42,995
Thereafter	164,668
	$	393,650

NOTE 9 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

NetScout operates internationally and, in the normal course of business, is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The exposures result from costs that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar, primarily the Euro, British Pound, Canadian Dollar, and Indian Rupee. The Company manages its foreign cash flow risk by hedging forecasted cash flows for operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies for up to twelve months, within specified guidelines through the use of forward contracts. The Company enters into foreign currency exchange contracts to hedge cash flow exposures from costs that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. These hedges are designated as cash flow hedges at inception.

NetScout also periodically enters into forward contracts to manage exchange rate risks associated with certain third-party transactions and for which the Company does not elect hedge accounting treatment as there is no difference in the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument and the hedged item.

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All of the Company's derivative instruments are utilized for risk management purposes, and the Company does not use derivatives for speculative trading purposes. These contracts will mature over the next twelve months and are expected to impact earnings on or before maturity.

The notional amounts and fair values of derivative instruments in the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Notional Amounts (a)				Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets				Accrued Other
	September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022		September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022		September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Forward contracts	$	10,830	$	5,578	$	—	$	20	$	877	$	78


					$	—	$	20	$	877	$	78

(a) Notional amounts represent the gross contract/notional amount of the derivatives outstanding.

The following table provides the effect that foreign exchange forward contracts designated as hedging instruments had on other comprehensive income (OCI) and results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Loss Recognized in OCI on Derivative (a)				Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (b)
	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021		Location	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Forward contracts	$	(999)	$	(42)	Research and development	$	17	$	(6)
					Sales and marketing	197		46
	$	(999)	$	(42)		$	214	$	40

(a)The amount represents the change in fair value of derivative contracts due to changes in spot rates.

(b)The amount represents reclassification from other comprehensive income to earnings that occurs when the hedged item affects earnings.

The following table provides the effect that foreign exchange forward contracts designated as hedging instruments had on other comprehensive income (OCI) and results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (a)				Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (b)
	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021		Location	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Forward contracts	$	(1,193)	$	127	Research and development	$	20	$	(14)
					Sales and marketing	354		(51)
	$	(1,193)	$	127		$	374	$	(65)

(a)The amount represents the change in fair value of derivative contracts due to changes in spot rates.

(b)The amount represents reclassification from other comprehensive income to earnings that occurs when the hedged item affects earnings.

The following table provides the effect that foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments had on the Company's results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Loss Recognized in Income (a)
	Location	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Forward contracts	General and administrative	$	—	$	(248)
		$	—	$	(248)

(a)The amount represents the change in fair value of derivative contracts due to changes in spot rates.

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NOTE 10 – LONG-TERM DEBT

On July 27, 2021, the Company amended and extended the Amended Credit Agreement (Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) with a syndicate of lenders by and among: the Company; JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan), as administrative agent and collateral agent; JPMorgan, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, BofA Securities Inc., RBC Capital Markets, PNC Capital Markets LLC and Mizuho Bank, Ltd., as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners; Santander Bank, N.A., U.S. Bank National Association, Fifth Third Bank National Association, Silicon Valley Bank and TD Bank, N.A., as co-documentation agents; and the lenders party thereto.

The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provides for a five-year, $800.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility, including a letter of credit sub-facility of up to $75.0 million. The Company may elect to use the credit facility for general corporate purposes (including to finance the repurchase of shares of the Company's common stock). The commitments under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement will expire on July 27, 2026, and any outstanding loans will be due on that date.

In connection with the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, the Company paid off the outstanding balance of $350 million under the Amended Credit Agreement by borrowing the same amount under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. Additionally, the Company recorded a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $0.6 million, representing the write off of unamortized deferred financing costs, which was included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022. On May 9, 2022, the Company repaid $150.0 million of borrowings under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. At September 30, 2022, $200 million was outstanding under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

At the Company's election, revolving loans under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement bear interest at either (a) an Alternate Base Rate per annum equal to the greatest of (1) the Wall Street Journal prime rate; (2) the New York Federal Reserve Bank (NYFRB) rate plus 0.50%, or (3) an adjusted one month LIBO rate plus 1%; or (b) a Term Benchmark Borrowing rate (for the interest period selected by the Company, subject to customary provisions regarding succession from LIBO rate to SOF rate in anticipation of the upcoming discontinuation of the LIBO rate), in each case plus an applicable margin. For the period from the delivery of the Company's financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, until the Company has delivered financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, the applicable margin will be 1.00% per annum for Term Benchmark Revolving loans and 0% per annum for Alternate Base Rate loans, and thereafter the applicable margin will vary depending on the Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio, ranging from 1.00% per annum for Alternate Base Rate loans and 2.00% per annum for Term Benchmark Revolving loans if the Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio is greater than 3.50 to 1.00, down to 0% per annum for Alternate Base Rate loans and 1.00% per annum for Term Benchmark Revolving loans if the Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio is equal to or less than 1.50 to 1.00.

The Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio is the ratio of its consolidated total debt compared to its consolidated EBITDA as defined in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (adjusted consolidated EBITDA). Adjusted consolidated EBITDA includes certain adjustments, including, without limitation, adjustments relating to extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring charges, certain restructuring charges, non-cash charges, certain transaction costs and expenses and certain pro forma adjustments in connection with material acquisitions and dispositions, all as set forth in detail in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

Commitment fees will accrue on the daily unused amount of the credit facility. For the period from the delivery of the Company's financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, until the Company has delivered financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, the commitment fee will be 0.15% per annum, and thereafter the commitment fee will vary depending on the Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio, ranging from 0.30% per annum if the Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio is greater than 2.75 to 1.00, down to 0.15% per annum if the Company's consolidated gross leverage ratio is equal to or less than 1.50 to 1.00.

Letter of credit participation fees are payable to each lender providing the letter of credit sub-facility on the amount of such lender's letter of credit exposure, during the period from the closing date of the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement to, but excluding, the date which is the later of (i) the date on which such lender's commitment terminates or (ii) the date on which such lender ceases to have any letter of credit exposure, at the applicable rate that would be used to determine the interest rate applicable to Term Benchmark Revolving loans assuming such loans were outstanding during the period. Additionally, the Company will pay a fronting fee to each issuing bank in amounts to be agreed to between the Company and the applicable issuing bank.

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rate period if the period is longer than three months. The Company may also prepay loans under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement at any time, without penalty, subject to certain notice requirements.

The loans and other obligations under the credit facility are (a) guaranteed by each of the Company’s wholly-owned material domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions, and (b) are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and the subsidiary guarantors, including a pledge of all the capital stock of material subsidiaries held directly by the Borrower and the subsidiary guarantors (which pledge, in the case of any foreign subsidiary, is limited to 65% of the voting stock), subject to certain customary exceptions and limitations. The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement generally prohibits any other liens on the assets of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions as described in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement contains certain covenants applicable to the Company and its restricted subsidiaries, including, without limitation, limitations on additional indebtedness, liens, various fundamental changes, dividends and distributions, investments (including acquisitions), transactions with affiliates, asset sales, including sale-leaseback transactions, speculative hedge agreements, payment of junior financing, changes in business and other limitations customary in senior secured credit facilities. The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain a certain consolidated net leverage ratio and removes the previous requirement under the Amended Credit Agreement that the Company maintain a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio. The Company's consolidated net leverage ratio is the ratio of its Consolidated Total Debt minus the lesser of unrestricted cash and 125% of adjusted consolidated EBITDA compared to its adjusted consolidated EBITDA. The Company’s maximum consolidated net leverage ratio is 4.00 to 1.00. These covenants and limitations are more fully described in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants, including the specified total consolidated net leverage ratio range of 4.00 to 1.00.

The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provides that events of default will exist in certain circumstances, including failure to make payment of principal or interest on the loans when required, failure to perform certain obligations under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and related documents including a failure to meet the maximum total consolidated net leverage ratio covenant, defaults under certain other indebtedness, certain insolvency events, certain events arising under ERISA, a change of control and certain other events. Upon an event of default, the administrative agent with the consent of, or at the request of, the holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the loans and commitments, may terminate the commitments and accelerate the maturity of the loans and enforce certain other remedies under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and the other loan documents.

The Company had unamortized capitalized debt issuance costs, net of $4.3 million at September 30, 2022, which are being amortized over the life of the revolving credit facility. The unamortized capitalized debt issuance costs balance of $1.1 million was included as prepaid expenses and other current assets and a balance of $3.2 million was included as other assets in the Company's consolidated balance sheet.

NOTE 11 – RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

During the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, the Company restructured certain departments to better align functions resulting in the termination of eighteen employees. As a result of the workforce reduction, during the six months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a restructuring charge totaling $1.8 million related to one-time employee-related termination benefits for the employees that were notified of their termination during the period. The one-time termination benefits are expected to be paid in full during the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023.

The following table provides a summary of the activity related to the restructuring plan and the restructuring liability (in thousands):


	Q1FY23 Plan




Balance at March 31, 2022		$	—
Restructuring charges to operations		1,771
Cash payments		(1,400)
Other adjustments		(120)
Balance at September 30, 2022		$	251

NOTE 12 - LEASES

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Right-of-use (ROU) assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the duration of the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company's contractual

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obligation to make lease payments over the lease term. The Company's policy is to combine lease and non-lease components and to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are classified as short-term leases. ROU assets are recorded and recognized at commencement for the lease liability amount, plus initial direct costs incurred less lease incentives received. Lease liabilities are recorded at the present value of future lease payments over the lease term at commencement. The discount rate used is generally the Company's estimated incremental borrowing rate unless the lessor's implicit rate is readily determinable. Incremental borrowing rates are calculated periodically to estimate the rate the Company would pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value over a similar term. Lease expenses relating to operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has operating leases for administrative, research and development, sales and marketing and manufacturing facilities and equipment under various non-cancelable lease agreements. The Company's leases have remaining lease terms ranging from 1 year to 9 years. The Company's lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease where it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. The Company considers several economic factors when making this determination, including but not limited to, the significance of leasehold improvements incurred in the office space, the difficulty in replacing the asset, underlying contractual obligations, or specific characteristics unique to a particular lease. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company has an obligation to return certain leased facilities to their original condition at the end of the respective lease term. These obligations were not material to the Company's financial statements for all periods presented.

Most of the Company's lease agreements contain variable payments, primarily for common area maintenance (CAM), which are expensed as incurred and not included in the measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities.

The components of operating lease cost for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Lease cost under long-term operating leases	$	3,084	$	3,197	$	6,207	$	6,472
Lease cost under short-term operating leases	1,204		1,183		1,978		1,743
Variable lease cost under short-term and long-term operating leases	873		750		1,856		1,583
Total operating lease cost	$	5,161	$	5,130	$	10,041	$	9,798

The table below presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases during the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	493	$	113

At September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, the weighted average remaining lease term in years and weighted average discount rate were as follows:


	September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Weighted average remaining lease term in years - operating leases	6.67		6.98

Weighted average discount rate - operating leases	4.0	%	4.0	%

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Future minimum payments under non-cancellable leases at September 30, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):


Year ending March 31:
2023 (remaining six months)	$	5,761
2024	11,636
2025	10,947
2026	9,586
2027	7,359
Thereafter	22,364
Total lease payments	$	67,653
Less imputed interest	(8,351)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	59,302

NOTE 13 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, NetScout is subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the amount of ultimate expense with respect to any current legal proceedings and claims, if determined adversely, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

As previously disclosed, in March 2016, Packet Intelligence LLC (Packet Intelligence or Plaintiff) filed a Complaint against NetScout and two subsidiary entities in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas asserting infringement of five United States patents. Plaintiff's Complaint alleged that legacy Tektronix GeoProbe products, including the G10 and GeoBlade products, infringed these patents. NetScout filed an Answer denying Plaintiff's allegations and asserting that Plaintiff's patents were, among other things, invalid, not infringed, and unenforceable due to inequitable conduct. In October 2017, a jury trial was held to address the parties' claims and counterclaims regarding infringement of three patents by the G10 and GeoBlade products, invalidity of these patents, and damages. In October 2017, the jury rendered a verdict finding in favor of the Plaintiff and that Plaintiff was entitled to $3,500,000 for pre-suit damages and $2,250,000 for post-suit damages. The jury indicated that the awarded damages amounts were intended to reflect a running royalty. In September 2018, the Court entered judgment and "enhanced" the jury verdict in the amount of $2.8 million as a result of a jury finding. The judgment also awarded pre- and post-judgment interest, and a running royalty on the G10 and GeoBlade products until the expiration of the patents at issue, the last date being June 2022. Following the entry of final judgment, NetScout appealed, and in July 2020, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (Federal Circuit) issued a decision vacating the $3,500,000 pre-suit damages award, affirming the $2,250,000 post-suit damages award, and remanding to the district court to determine what, if any, enhancement should be awarded. In March 2021, NetScout filed a petition for a writ of certiorari to the United States Supreme Court, which was subsequently denied, challenging, among other issues, the basis for enhanced damages and the patentability of the claimed technology. In addition, on September 8 and 9, 2021, in proceedings initiated by third parties that did not involve NetScout, the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) invalidated all the patent claims that were also asserted against NetScout in this case. After the PTAB decisions were issued, NetScout moved, among other things, to dismiss the case and enter judgment in its favor on the grounds that the PTAB decisions invalidating the asserted claims precluded Plaintiff from continuing to assert its patent infringement causes of action and from seeking damages from NetScout. The District Court denied NetScout’s motion with respect to its request to dismiss the case and enter judgment in its favor, but in response to alternative requests for relief requested by NetScout, vacated $1.7 million of the "enhanced" jury verdict amount of $2.8 million and also lowered the ongoing royalty rate on the G10 and GeoBlade products. The District Court entered an amended final judgment awarding Plaintiff $2.25 million in post-suit damages, $1.1 million in enhanced damages, pre- and post-judgment interest, and a running royalty on the G10 and GeoBlade products until the expiration of the patents at issue, the last expiration date being June 2022. On July 20, 2022, NetScout filed a notice of appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit from, among other things, the amended final judgment. In view of the current circumstances, and if the post-suit and enhanced damages award along with the associated interest and royalties survives the recent PTAB invalidation decisions and NetScout's appeal, NetScout has concluded that the risk of loss associated with such damages award remains "probable" in accounting terms, and that the risk of loss associated with pre-suit damages is remote.

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NOTE 14 – PENSION BENEFIT PLANS

Certain of the Company's non-U.S. employees participate in noncontributory defined benefit pension plans. None of the Company's employees in the U.S. participate in any noncontributory defined benefit pension plans. In general, these plans are funded based on considerations relating to legal requirements, underlying asset returns, the plan's funded status, the anticipated deductibility of the contribution, local practices, market conditions, interest rates and other factors.

The following sets forth the components of the Company's net periodic pension cost of the noncontributory defined benefit pension plans for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Service cost	$	41	$	44	$	86	$	88
Interest cost	84		88		176		180

Net periodic pension cost	$	125	$	132	$	262	$	268

Expected Contributions

During the six months ended September 30, 2022, the Company made contributions of $0.2 million to its defined benefit pension plans. During the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023, the Company's cash contribution requirements for its defined benefit pension plans are expected to be less than $1.0 million. As a majority of the participants within the Company's plans are all active employees, the benefit payments are not expected to be material in the foreseeable future.

NOTE 15 – TREASURY STOCK

On October 24, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program that enabled the Company to repurchase up to twenty-five million shares of its common stock (2017 Share Repurchase Program). This program became effective when the Company's previously disclosed twenty million share repurchase program was completed. The Company was not obligated to acquire any specific amount of common stock within any particular timeframe as a result of this share repurchase program. Through September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased a total of 22,497,332 shares for $612.6 million in the open market under the 2017 Share Repurchase Program, and at September 30, 2022, 2,502,668 shares of common stock remained available to be purchased under the 2017 Share Repurchase Program. The Company repurchased 3,255,814 and 921,299 shares for $105.0 million and $24.6 million under the 2017 Share Repurchase Program during the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

On May 3, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors approved a new share repurchase program that enables the Company to repurchase up to twenty-five million shares of its common stock (2022 Share Repurchase Program). The 2022 Share Repurchase Program will become effective once the 2017 Share Repurchase Program is completed. The Company is not obligated to acquire any specific amount of common stock within any particular timeframe as a result of the 2022 Share Repurchase Program.

On May 9, 2022, the Company entered into accelerated share repurchase (ASR) agreements with Mizuho Markets Americas LLC and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (the Dealers) to repurchase an aggregate of $150 million of the Company's common stock via accelerated stock repurchase transactions under the 2017 Share Repurchase Program. Under the terms of the ASR, the Company made a $75 million payment to each of the Dealers on May 10, 2022, and received an initial delivery of 1,627,907 shares from each of the Dealers, or 3,255,814 shares in the aggregate, which is approximately 70 percent of the total number of shares of the Company's common stock expected to be repurchased under the ASR. These shares were deducted under the 2017 Share Repurchase Program. The final number of shares repurchased under the ASR is dependent upon the average of the daily volume-weighted average prices of the Company’s common stock during the term of the ASR, less a discount and subject to adjustments pursuant to the terms and conditions of the ASR. The delivery of additional shares of common stock to the Company or an additional delivery of shares of common stock or a cash payment, at NetScout's election, by the Company to the Dealers may be required. The final settlement of each of the ASR transactions is expected to occur no later than the end of the third quarter of the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023.

In connection with the delivery of shares of the Company's common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, the Company withheld 550,602 shares and 523,539 shares at a cost of $19.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively, related to minimum statutory tax withholding requirements on these restricted stock units during the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These withholding transactions do not fall under the share repurchase programs described above, and therefore do not reduce the number of shares that are available for repurchase under those programs.

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NOTE 16 – NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

Calculations of the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share and potential common shares are as follows (in thousands, except for per share data):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	17,383	$	7,896	$	10,251	$	(3,445)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share - weighted average common shares outstanding	71,856		74,382		72,152		74,122
Dilutive common equivalent shares:

Weighted average restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units	1,035		711		1,342		—
Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per share - weighted average shares outstanding	72,891		75,093		73,494		74,122
Net loss per share:
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.24	$	0.11	$	0.14	$	(0.05)
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.24	$	0.11	$	0.14	$	(0.05)

The following table sets forth restricted stock units excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share, since their inclusion would be anti-dilutive (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2022	2021	2022	2021
Restricted stock units	1,755	1,845	1,430	990

Basic net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Unvested restricted shares, although legally issued and outstanding, are not considered outstanding for purposes of calculating basic earnings per share. Diluted net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding plus the dilutive effect, if any, of outstanding stock options, restricted shares and restricted stock units using the treasury stock method. The calculation of the dilutive effect of outstanding equity awards under the treasury stock method includes consideration of proceeds from the assumed exercise of stock options and unrecognized compensation expense as additional proceeds. As the Company incurred a net loss during the six months ended September 30, 2021, all outstanding restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units have an anti-dilutive effect and are therefore excluded from the computation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding.

The delivery of approximately 3.3 million shares under the Company's ASR agreements reduced the Company's outstanding shares used to determine the weighted average common shares outstanding for purposes of calculating basic and diluted earnings per share for the six months ended September 30, 2022. See Note 15 for additional information.

NOTE 17 – INCOME TAXES

Generally, the Company's effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate primarily due to foreign withholding taxes and U.S. taxation on foreign earnings, partially offset by research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits, stock related compensation and the foreign derived intangible income deduction.

The Company's effective income tax rates were 10.3% and 19.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits, the foreign derived intangible income deduction, and U.S. taxation of foreign earnings, as well as a discrete benefit from stock compensation during the three months ended September 30, 2022.

The Company's effective income tax rates were 15.3% and 5.7% for the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the effective tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits, the foreign derived intangible income deduction, and U.S. taxation of foreign earnings, as well as a discrete benefit from stock compensation during the six months ended September 30, 2022.

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NOTE 18 – SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

The Company reports revenues and income under one reportable segment.

The Company manages its business in the following geographic areas: United States, Europe, Asia and the rest of the world. The Company's policies mandate compliance with economic sanctions and the export controls.

Total revenue by geography is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
United States	$	145,665	$	133,662	$	280,466	$	236,555
Europe	35,322		34,536		69,087		73,092
Asia	15,511		15,000		29,186		32,316
Rest of the world	31,583		28,720		58,154		60,227
	$	228,081	$	211,918	$	436,893	$	402,190

The United States revenue includes sales to resellers in the United States. These resellers fulfill customer orders and may subsequently ship the Company's products to international locations. Further, the Company determines the geography of its sales after considering where the contract originated. A majority of revenue attributable to locations outside of the United States is a result of export sales. Substantially all of the Company's identifiable assets are located in the United States.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. When reviewing the discussion below, you should keep in mind the substantial risks and uncertainties that could impact our business. In particular, we encourage you to review the risks and uncertainties described in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ significantly from those projected in forward-looking statements contained in this report or implied by past results and trends. Forward-looking statements are statements that attempt to forecast or anticipate future developments in our business, financial condition or results of operations. See the section titled "Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements" that appears at the beginning of this Quarterly Report. These statements, like all statements in this report, speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report (unless another date is indicated), and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise these statements in light of future developments.

Overview

We are an industry leader with over three decades of experience in providing service assurance and cybersecurity solutions that are based on our pioneering deep packet inspection technology at scale, which is used by customers worldwide to protect their digital business services against disruption. Service providers and enterprises, including local, state and federal government agencies, rely on our solutions to achieve the visibility and protection necessary to optimize network performance, ensure the delivery of high-quality, mission-critical applications and services, gain timely insight into the end user experience and protect their networks from attack. With our offerings, customers can quickly, efficiently and effectively identify and resolve issues that result in downtime, interruptions to services, poor service quality or compromised data, thereby reducing meantime-to-resolution of issues and driving compelling returns on their investments in their networks and broader technology initiatives. Some of the more significant technology trends and catalysts for our business include the evolution of customers' digital transformation initiatives such as the migration to cloud environments, the rapidly evolving cybersecurity threat landscape, business intelligence and analytics advancements, and the 5G evolution in both the service provider and enterprise customer verticals.

Our operating results are influenced by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the mix and quantity of products and services sold, pricing, costs and availability of materials used in our products, growth in employee-related costs, including commissions, and the expansion of our operations. Factors that affect our ability to maximize our operating results include, but are not limited to, our ability to introduce and enhance existing products, the marketplace acceptance of those new or enhanced products, continued expansion into international markets, expansion into new or adjacent markets, development of strategic partnerships, competition, successful acquisition integration efforts, and our ability to control costs and make improvements in a highly competitive industry.

In response to the Russian military operations in Ukraine, we have ceased business operations in Russia, including sales, support on existing contracts and professional services. The United States and other countries have imposed sanctions on Russia that could impact our future revenue streams. These events did not have a material impact on our financial statements for the six months ended September 30, 2022. We will continue to monitor the impact of these events on all aspects of our business.

Macroeconomic Conditions and COVID-19 Impact

We continue to closely monitor current global and macroeconomic conditions, including the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the war in Ukraine, global geopolitical tension, stock market volatility, exchange rate fluctuations, rising inflation and interest rates, and the risk of a recession, on all aspects of our business, including the manner and extent to which they have impacted and could continue to impact our customers, employees, supply chain, and distribution network. The impacts of these global and macroeconomic trends and the COVID-19 pandemic remain uncertain. For fiscal year 2022 and the first half of fiscal year 2023, we observed that technology and project spending resumed and we focused on advancing our products, growing revenue, enhancing earnings per share, and generating free cash flow.

We believe our current cash reserves and access to capital through our revolving credit facility leave us well-positioned to manage our business as the pandemic continues and as a recovery slowly occurs. We expect net cash provided by operations combined with cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities and borrowing availability under our revolving credit facility to provide sufficient liquidity to fund current obligations, capital spending, debt service requirements and working capital requirements over at least the next twelve months. We continue to take actions to manage costs and increase productivity throughout our company but will invest in areas that advance our business for the future, as necessary. In addition to our cash equivalents, based on covenant levels at September 30, 2022, we had, as of September 30, 2022, an incremental $600 million available to us under our revolving credit facility.

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On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act) was enacted. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. We have elected to defer the employer-paid portion of social security taxes. As of September 30, 2022, we had deferred $4.5 million of employer payroll taxes which is required to be deposited by December 2022.

Results Overview

Total revenue increased $34.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to total revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to an increase in revenue from our radio frequency modeling projects from service provider customers, as well as an increase in revenue from cybersecurity offerings.

Our gross profit percentage remained flat at 74% during the six months ended September 30, 2022, as compared with the six months ended September 30, 2021.

Net income for the six months ended September 30, 2022 was $10.3 million, as compared with a net loss for the six months ended September 30, 2021 of $3.4 million, an increase of $13.7 million. The increase in net income was primarily due to a $34.7 million increase in revenue, a $5.0 million decrease in employee-related costs, a $4.7 million decrease in direct material costs, a $4.3 million decrease in amortization of intangible assets, a $2.3 million decrease in inventory obsolescence charges, and a $1.5 million decrease in income tax expense. These increases to net income were partially offset by a $19.3 million increase in costs to deliver radio frequency propagation modeling projects, a $7.4 million increase in expenses related to trade shows, user conferences and other events, a $5.1 million increase in travel expense attributable to the lifting of some COVID-19 related restrictions, a $3.2 million increase in commissions expense, a $1.7 million increase in restructuring expense, a $1.6 million increase in contractor fees, and a $1.3 million increase in advertising and other marketing-related expenses.

At September 30, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $367.1 million. This represents a decrease of $336.1 million from $703.2 million at March 31, 2022. This decrease was primarily due to $150.0 million used in treasury stock repurchases under an ASR program, $150.0 million used to repay long-term debt, $19.0 million used for tax withholdings on restricted stock units, $5.2 million used for capital expenditures, and $2.4 million used in operations during the six months ended September 30, 2022.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We supplement the United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) financial measures we report in quarterly and annual earnings announcements, investor presentations and other investor communications by reporting the following non-GAAP measures: non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP income from operations, non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP net income per share (diluted) and non-GAAP earnings before interest and other expense, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) from operations. Non-GAAP gross profit removes expenses related to the amortization of acquired intangible assets, share-based compensation, and acquisition-related depreciation. Non-GAAP income from operations includes the aforementioned adjustments and also removes business development and integration expense, compensation for post-combination services, restructuring charges, and transitional service agreement expenses. Non-GAAP net income includes the foregoing adjustments related to non-GAAP income from operations, and also removes loss on extinguishment of debt, net of related income tax effects. Non-GAAP diluted net income per share removes the share impact of non-GAAP adjustments utilized in the calculation of non-GAAP net income. Non-GAAP EBITDA from operations includes the aforementioned items related to non-GAAP income from operations and also removes non-acquisition related depreciation expense.

These non-GAAP measures are not in accordance with GAAP, should not be considered an alternative for measures prepared in accordance with GAAP (revenue, gross profit, operating margin, net income and diluted net income per share), and may have limitations because they do not reflect all our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP measures should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measures. The presentation of non-GAAP information is not meant to be considered superior to, in isolation from, or as a substitute for results prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures will enhance the reader's overall understanding of our current financial performance and our prospects for the future by providing a higher degree of transparency for certain financial measures and providing a level of disclosure that helps investors understand how we plan and measure our business. We believe that providing these non-GAAP measures affords investors a view of our operating results that may be more easily compared to peer companies and also enables investors to consider our operating results on both a GAAP and non-GAAP basis during and following the integration period of our acquisitions. Presenting the GAAP measures on their own may not be indicative of our core operating results. Furthermore, management believes that the presentation of non-GAAP measures when shown in

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conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measures provides useful information to management and investors regarding present and future business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations.

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The following table reconciles gross profit, income from operations, net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share on a GAAP and non-GAAP basis for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (in thousands, except for per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021




Revenue (GAAP and non-GAAP)	$	228,081	$	211,918	$	436,893	$	402,190

GAAP gross profit	$	170,440	$	160,274	$	321,538	$	296,136




Share-based compensation expense	2,395		2,228		4,432		4,115
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	2,312		3,352		4,640		6,712


Acquisition related depreciation expense	4		7		11		12

Non-GAAP gross profit	$	175,151	$	165,861	$	330,621	$	306,975

GAAP income from operations	$	21,403	$	12,165	$	12,276	$	1,498




Share-based compensation expense	16,501		16,735		32,082		30,700
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	16,113		18,322		32,322		36,688
Business development and integration expense	—		—		—		(5)

Compensation for post-combination services	—		—		—		2
Restructuring charges	(60)		—		1,714		—

Acquisition related depreciation expense	59		64		124		124

Transitional service agreement expense	—		59		—		117

Non-GAAP income from operations	$	54,016	$	47,345	$	78,518	$	69,124





GAAP net income (loss)	$	17,383	$	7,896	$	10,251	$	(3,445)



Share-based compensation expense	16,501		16,735		32,082		30,700
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	16,113		18,322		32,322		36,688
Business development and integration expense	—		—		—		(5)

Compensation for post-combination services	—		—		—		2
Restructuring charges	(60)		—		1,714		—


Acquisition-related depreciation expense	59		64		124		124
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		596		—		596




Income tax adjustments	(8,691)		(8,315)		(17,136)		(14,404)
Non-GAAP net income	$	41,305	$	35,298	$	59,357	$	50,256

GAAP diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.24	$	0.11	$	0.14	$	(0.05)
Per share impact of non-GAAP adjustments identified above	0.33		0.36		0.67		0.72
Non-GAAP diluted net income per share	$	0.57	$	0.47	$	0.81	$	0.67

GAAP income from operations	$	21,403	$	12,165	$	12,276	$	1,498
Previous adjustments to determine non-GAAP income from operations	32,613		35,180		66,242		67,626
Non-GAAP income from operations	54,016		47,345		78,518		69,124
Depreciation excluding acquisition related	5,090		5,623		10,401		11,434
Non-GAAP EBITDA from operations	$	59,106	$	52,968	$	88,919	$	80,558

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make significant estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. These items are regularly monitored and analyzed by management for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates.

While all of our accounting policies impact the consolidated financial statements, certain policies are viewed to be critical. Critical accounting policies are those that are both most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and that require management's most subjective or complex judgments and estimates. We consider the following accounting policies to be critical in fully understanding and evaluating our financial results:

•revenue recognition; and

•valuation of goodwill, intangible assets and other acquisition accounting items.

Please refer to the critical accounting policies set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on May 19, 2022, for a description of all of our critical accounting policies and estimates.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021

Revenue

Product revenue consists of sales of our hardware products and licensing of our software products. Service revenue consists of customer support agreements, consulting, training and stand-ready software as a service offerings. During the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, one direct customer, Verizon, accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue, while no indirect channel partners accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue. During the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the service assurance product line accounted for approximately 73% and 77% of total revenue, respectively, and the cybersecurity product line accounted for approximately 27% and 23% of total revenue, respectively. The service assurance and cybersecurity product line results presented as a percentage of total revenue are not necessarily indicative of future revenue mix.


	Three Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Revenue:
Product	$	111,816	49	%	$	101,619	48	%	$	10,197	10	%
Service	116,265		51		110,299		52		5,966		5	%
Total revenue	$	228,081	100	%	$	211,918	100	%	$	16,163	8	%

Product. The 10%, or $10.2 million, increase in product revenue compared with the same period last year was primarily due to an increase in revenue from cybersecurity offerings, an increase in revenue from radio frequency propagation modeling projects, as well as an increase in revenue from service assurance offerings for enterprise customers.

Service. The 5%, or $6.0 million, increase in service revenue compared to the same period last year was primarily due to an increase in revenue from maintenance contracts.

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Total revenue by geography was as follows:


	Three Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
United States	$	145,665	64	%	$	133,662	63	%	$	12,003	9	%
International:
Europe	35,322		15		34,536		16		786		2	%
Asia	15,511		7		15,000		7		511		3	%
Rest of the world	31,583		14		28,720		14		2,863		10	%
Subtotal international	82,416		36		78,256		37		4,160		5	%
Total revenue	$	228,081	100	%	$	211,918	100	%	$	16,163	8	%

United States revenue increased 9%, or $12.0 million, primarily due to an increase in revenue from cybersecurity offerings, an increase in revenue from enterprise customers from service assurance offerings, and an increase in revenue from radio frequency propagation modeling projects, partially offset by a decrease in revenue from service provider customers from other service assurance offerings. The 5%, or $4.2 million, increase in international revenue compared with the same period last year was primarily driven by higher revenue from enterprise customers from service assurance offerings, as well as an increase in revenue from cybersecurity offerings.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost of product revenue consists primarily of material components, manufacturing personnel expenses, packaging materials, overhead and amortization of capitalized software, acquired developed technology and core technology. Cost of service revenue consists primarily of personnel, material, overhead and support costs.


	Three Months Ended										Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022					2021
				% of Revenue					% of Revenue		$		%
Cost of revenue
Product	$	25,881		11	%	$	20,340		10	%	$	5,541	27	%
Service	31,760			14		31,304			15		456		1	%
Total cost of revenue	$	57,641		25	%	$	51,644		25	%	$	5,997	12	%
Gross profit:
Product $	$	85,935		38	%	$	81,279		38	%	$	4,656	6	%
Product gross profit %	77		%			80		%
Service $	$	84,505		37	%	$	78,995		37	%	$	5,510	7	%
Service gross profit %	73		%			72		%
Total gross profit $	$	170,440				$	160,274				$	10,166	6	%
Total gross profit %	75		%			76		%

Product. The 27%, or $5.5 million, increase in cost of product revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to a $9.7 million increase in costs related to the delivery of radio frequency propagation modeling projects. This increase was partially offset by a $1.3 million decrease in inventory obsolescence charges, a $1.2 million decrease in direct material costs, and a $1.0 million decrease in the amortization of intangible assets. The product gross profit percentage decreased by three percentage points to 77% during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared with the three months ended September 30, 2021. The 6%, or $4.7 million, increase in product gross profit is attributable to the 10%, or $10.2 million, increase in product revenue, partially offset by the 27%, or $5.5 million, increase in cost of product revenue.

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Service. The service gross profit percentage increased by one percentage point to 73% during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared with the three months ended September 30, 2021. The 7%, or $5.5 million, increase in service gross profit is attributable to the 5%, or $6.0 million, increase in service revenue, partially offset by the 1%, or $0.5 million, increase in cost of service revenue.

Gross profit. Our gross profit increased 6%, or $10.2 million, during the three months ended September 30, 2022 when compared with the three months ended September 30, 2021. This increase is attributable to the increase in revenue of 8%, or $16.2 million, partially offset by the 12%, or $6.0 million, increase in cost of revenue. The gross profit percentage decreased by one percentage point to 75% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared with the three months ended September 30, 2021.

Operating Expenses


	Three Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Research and development	$	43,917	19	%	$	44,483	21	%	$	(566)	(1)	%
Sales and marketing	66,118		29		65,185		31		933		1	%
General and administrative	25,261		11		23,471		11		1,790		8	%
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	13,801		6		14,970		7		(1,169)		(8)	%
Restructuring charges	(60)		—		—		—		(60)		(100)	%


Total operating expenses	$	149,037	65	%	$	148,109	70	%	$	928	1	%

Research and development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses, fees for outside consultants, overhead and related expenses associated with the development of new products and the enhancement of existing products.

The 1%, or $0.6 million, decrease in research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to an $0.8 million decrease in employee-related expenses associated with a decrease in headcount.

Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses and commissions, overhead and other expenses associated with selling activities and marketing programs such as trade shows, seminars, advertising and new product launch activities.

The 1%, or $0.9 million, increase in total sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to a $1.5 million increase in travel expenses primarily attributable to the lifting of COVID-19 related restrictions, and a $1.4 million increase related to trade shows, user conferences and other events. These increases were partially offset by a $1.4 million decrease in commissions expense, and a $0.6 million decrease in advertising and other marketing related expenses.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses for executive, financial, legal and human resource employees, overhead and other corporate expenditures.

The 8%, or $1.8 million, increase in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to a $0.9 million increase in the provision for allowance for credit losses.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets. Amortization of acquired intangible assets consists primarily of amortization of customer relationships, definite-lived trademarks and trade names, and leasehold interests related to our acquisitions of Danaher Corporation's communications business (Comms Transaction), Simena, LLC, Network General Corporation, Avvasi Inc. and Efflux Systems, Inc.

The 8%, or $1.2 million, decrease in amortization of acquired intangible assets was largely due to a decrease in the amortization of intangible assets related to the Comms Transaction.

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Interest and Other Expense, Net. Interest and other expense, net includes interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, interest expense and other non-operating gains or losses.


	Three Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Interest and other expense, net	$	(2,024)	(1)	%	$	(2,336)	(1)	%	$	312	13	%

The 13%, or $0.3 million, decrease in interest and other expense, net was primarily due to a $0.7 million increase in interest income.

Income Taxes. The effective income tax rates were 10.3% and 19.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits, the foreign derived intangible income deduction, and U.S. taxation of foreign earnings, as well as a discrete benefit from stock compensation during the three months ended September 30, 2022.


	Three Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Income tax expense	$	1,996	1	%	$	1,933	1	%	$	63	3	%

Six Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021

Revenue

During the six months ended September 30, 2022, one direct customer, Verizon, accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue, while no indirect channel partner accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue. During the six months ended September 30, 2021, no direct customer or indirect channel partner accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue. During the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the service assurance product line accounted for approximately 73% and 74% of total revenue, respectively, and the cybersecurity product line accounted for approximately 27% and 26% of total revenue, respectively.


	Six Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Revenue:
Product	$	210,067	48	%	$	183,569	46	%	$	26,498	14	%
Service	226,826		52	%	218,621		54	%	8,205		4	%
Total revenue	$	436,893	100	%	$	402,190	100	%	$	34,703	9	%

Product. The 14%, or $26.5 million, increase in product revenue compared with the same period last year was primarily due to an increase in revenue from our radio frequency modeling projects from service provider customers, as well as an increase in revenue from cybersecurity offerings.

Service. The 4%, or $8.2 million, increase in service revenue compared with the same period last year was primarily due to an increase in revenue from maintenance contracts.

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Total revenue by geography was as follows:


	Six Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
United States	$	280,466	64	%	$	236,555	59	%	$	43,911	19	%
International:
Europe	69,087		16		73,092		18		(4,005)		(5)	%
Asia	29,186		7		32,316		8		(3,130)		(10)	%
Rest of the world	58,154		13		60,227		15		(2,073)		(3)	%
Subtotal international	156,427		36		165,635		41		(9,208)		(6)	%
Total revenue	$	436,893	100	%	$	402,190	100	%	$	34,703	9	%

United States revenue increased 19%, or $43.9 million, primarily due to an increase in revenue from service assurance offerings, including radio frequency propagation modeling projects, as well as cybersecurity offerings for enterprise and service provider customers. The 6%, or $9.2 million, decrease in international revenue compared with the same period last year was primarily driven by lower revenue from service assurance offerings, partially offset by increased revenue from enterprise customers from service assurance offerings, as well as an increase in revenue from cybersecurity offerings.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit


	Six Months Ended										Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022					2021
				% of Revenue					% of Revenue		$		%
Cost of revenue
Product	$	52,686		12	%	$	43,505		11	%	$	9,181	21	%
Service	62,669			14		62,549			16		120		—	%
Total cost of revenue	$	115,355		26	%	$	106,054		27	%	$	9,301	9	%
Gross profit:
Product $	$	157,381		36	%	$	140,064		35	%	$	17,317	12	%
Product gross profit %	75		%			76		%
Service $	$	164,157		38	%	$	156,072		39	%	$	8,085	5	%
Service gross profit %	72		%			71		%
Total gross profit $	$	321,538				$	296,136				$	25,402	9	%
Total gross profit %	74		%			74		%

Product. The 21%, or $9.2 million, increase in cost of product revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to a $19.3 million increase in costs related to the delivery of radio frequency propagation modeling projects. This increase was partially offset by a $4.7 million decrease in direct material costs, a $2.3 million decrease in obsolescence charges, a $2.0 million decrease in the amortization of intangible assets, and a $0.9 million decrease in employee-related costs associated with the timing of certain projects. The product gross profit percentage decreased by one percentage points to 75% during the six months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the six months ended September 30, 2021. The 12%, or $17.3 million, increase in product gross profit is attributable to the 14%, or $26.5 million, increase in product revenue, partially offset by the 21%, or $9.2 million, increase in cost of product revenue.

Service. The service gross profit percentage increased by one percentage point to 72% for the six months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the six months ended September 30, 2021. The 5%, or $8.1 million, increase in service gross profit is attributable to the 4%, or $8.2 million, increase in service revenue, partially offset by the $0.1 million increase in cost of service revenue.

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Gross profit. Our gross profit for the six months ended September 30, 2022 increased 9%, or $25.4 million, compared to the same period last year. This increase is primarily attributable to the increase in revenue of 9%, or $34.7 million, partially offset by the 9%, or $9.3 million, increase in cost of revenue. The gross profit percentage remained flat at 74% for the six months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the six months ended September 30, 2021.

Operating Expenses


	Six Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Research and development	$	87,374	20	%	$	87,303	22	%	$	71	—	%
Sales and marketing	142,441		33		131,143		33		11,298		9	%
General and administrative	50,051		11		46,216		11		3,835		8	%
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	27,682		6		29,976		7		(2,294)		(8)	%
Restructuring charges	1,714		—		—		—		1,714		100	%


Total operating expenses	$	309,262	70	%	$	294,638	73	%	$	14,624	5	%

Sales and marketing. The 9%, or $11.3 million, increase in total sales and marketing expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to a $7.4 million increase in expenses related to trade shows, user conferences and other events, a $3.8 million increase in travel expense primarily attributable to the lifting of COVID-19 related restrictions, a $3.2 million increase in commissions expense, and a $1.3 million increase in advertising and other marketing related expenses. These increases were partially offset by a $4.8 million decrease in employee-related expenses largely due to a decrease in variable incentive compensation.

General and administrative. The 8%, or $3.8 million, increase in general and administrative expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to an $0.8 million increase in the provision for allowance for credit losses, a $0.7 million increase in legal-related expenses, a $0.6 million increase in employee-related expenses largely due to an increase in variable incentive compensation, and a $0.5 million increase in rent and other facilities-related costs.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets. Amortization of acquired intangible assets consists primarily of amortization of customer relationships, definite-lived trademark and tradenames, and leasehold interest related to the Comms Transaction and the acquisitions of Simena LLC, Network General Corporation, Avvasi, Inc. and Efflux Systems, Inc.

The 8%, or $2.3 million, decrease in amortization of acquired intangible assets for the six months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period last year was largely due to a decrease in the amortization of intangible assets related to the Comms Transaction.

Restructuring. During the six months ended September 30, 2022, we restructured certain departments to better align functions. As a result of the restructuring program, we recorded $1.7 million of restructuring charges related to one-time employee-related termination benefits for the employees that were notified of their termination during the period. The one-time termination benefits are expected to be paid in full during the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023.

Interest and Other Expense, Net


	Six Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Interest and other expense, net	$	(3,382)	(1)	%	$	(4,756)	(1)	%	$	1,374	29	%

The 29%, or $1.4 million, decrease in interest and other expense, net was primarily due to a $0.9 million increase in interest income, and a $0.5 million decrease in interest expense due to a loss on the extinguishment of debt recorded during the six months ended September 30, 2021 partially offset by an increase in interest expense on the credit facility due to an increase

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in the average interest rate during the six months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the six months ended September 30, 2021.

Income Taxes. Our effective income tax rates were 15.3% and 5.7% for the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the effective rate for the six months ended September 30, 2021, primarily due to research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits, the foreign derived intangible income deduction, and U.S. taxation of foreign earnings, as well as a discrete benefit from stock compensation during the six months ended September 30, 2022.


	Six Months Ended								Change
	September 30,
	(Dollars in Thousands)
	2022				2021
			% of Revenue				% of Revenue		$		%
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	(1,357)	—	%	$	187	—	%	$	(1,544)	(826)	%

Backlog

We produce our products on the basis of our forecast of near-term demand and maintain inventory in advance of receipt of firm orders from customers. We configure our products to customer specifications and generally deliver products shortly after receipt of the purchase order. Service engagements are also included in certain orders. Customers generally may reschedule or cancel orders with little or no penalty. Our total backlog at any particular time is not necessarily indicative of future sales levels. Within total backlog, fulfillable backlog includes what we consider to represent orders that are ready and available to be delivered to customers as of the end of the reporting period. Delivery of our fulfillable backlog typically occurs early in the subsequent quarter. However, delivery may be delayed or accelerated due to various other reasons, including but not limited to, changes in timing of customer projects and product delivery schedules, which may or may not be within our control. Our total combined product backlog at September 30, 2022, June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022 was $60.5 million, $64.5 million and $92.8 million, respectively. Combined product backlog included fulfillable backlog of $43.6 million, $39.1 million and $51.5 million at September 30, 2022, June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively. Total backlog includes orders that were received late in the quarter and radio frequency propagation modeling projects. In some cases, we have begun these projects but have not yet hit billable milestones. Radio frequency propagation modeling project orders received in the third quarter of fiscal year 2022 allowed NetScout to bill for the entire projects based upon partial delivery. At September 30, 2022, deferred revenue related to these radio frequency propagation modeling projects included a gross balance $18.4 million compared to a gross balance of $19.9 million at June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022. A majority of the revenue for these projects is expected to be recognized into revenue throughout the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	320,325	$	636,161
Short-term marketable securities	46,806		67,037

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	367,131	$	703,198

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities

At September 30, 2022, cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $367.1 million, a $336.1 million decrease from $703.2 million at March 31, 2022. This decrease was primarily due to $150.0 million used in treasury stock repurchases under an ASR program, $150.0 million used to repay long-term debt, $19.0 million used for tax withholdings on restricted stock units, $5.2 million used for capital expenditures, and $2.4 million used in operations during the six months ended September 30, 2022. Cash held outside the United States was approximately $170.3 million.

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Cash and cash equivalents were impacted by the following:


	Six Months Ended
	September 30,
	(in thousands)
	2022		2021
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(2,389)	$	47,339
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	14,850	$	(2,352)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(319,044)	$	(43,068)

Net cash from operating activities

Cash used in operating activities was $2.4 million during the six months ended September 30, 2022, compared with $47.3 million of cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended September 30, 2021. The $49.7 million decrease was due in part to a $28.3 million decrease from deferred revenue, a $26.1 million decrease from accounts receivable, an $8.5 million decrease from prepaid expenses and other assets, a $5.4 million decrease from depreciation and amortization, a $2.2 million decrease from income tax payable, a $1.8 million decrease from accrued compensation and other expenses, and a $0.6 million decrease from the loss on extinguishment of debt. These decreases were partially offset by a $13.7 million increase from the change in net income, an $8.2 million increase from inventories, and a $1.4 million increase from share-based compensation during the six months ended September 30, 2022 as compared with the six months ended September 30, 2021.

Net cash from investing activities


	Six Months Ended
	September 30,
	(in thousands)
	2022		2021
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities included the following:
Purchase of marketable securities	$	(60,914)	$	(11,343)
Proceeds from sales and maturity of marketable securities	81,131		13,266
Purchase of fixed assets	(5,215)		(4,301)
Purchase of intangible assets	(161)		—

Decrease in deposits	9		26





	$	14,850	$	(2,352)

Cash provided by investing activities was $14.9 million during the six months ended September 30, 2022, compared with $2.4 million of cash used in investing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2021. The $17.2 million increase in cash provided by (used in) investing activities was due in part to an $18.3 million increase in cash inflow from marketable securities related to an increase of $67.9 million in proceeds from the sales and maturity of marketable securities, offset by a $49.6 million increase related to the purchase of marketable securities during the six months ended September 30, 2022 when compared with the six months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was partially offset by a $0.9 million increase in cash outflow for capital expenditures, and a $0.2 million cash outflow related to agreements to acquire technology licenses during the six months ended September 30, 2022.

Our investments in property and equipment consist primarily of computer equipment, demonstration units, office equipment and facility improvements. We plan to continue to invest in capital expenditures to support our infrastructure through the remainder of fiscal year 2023.

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Net cash from financing activities


	Six Months Ended
	September 30,
	(in thousands)
	2022		2021
Cash used in financing activities included the following:
Issuance of common stock under stock plans	$	2	$	2

Treasury stock repurchases, including accelerated share repurchases	(150,039)		(24,413)
Tax withholding on restricted stock units	(19,007)		(14,997)
Payment of debt issuance costs	—		(3,660)
Repayment of long-term debt	(150,000)		(350,000)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt	—		350,000


	$	(319,044)	$	(43,068)

Cash used in financing activities increased by $276.0 million to $319.0 million during the six months ended September 30, 2022, compared with $43.1 million of cash used in financing activities during the six months ended September 30, 2021.

During the six months ended September 30, 2022, we repurchased 3,255,814 shares for $150.0 million under our ASR program.

In connection with the delivery of our common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, we withheld 550,602 and 523,539 shares at a cost of $19.0 million and $15.0 million related to minimum statutory tax withholding requirements on these restricted stock units during the six months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These withholding transactions do not fall under the repurchase program described above, and therefore do not reduce the number of shares that are available for repurchase under that program.

Sources of Cash and Cash Requirements

Credit Facility

On July 27, 2021, we amended and extended the Amended Credit Agreement (Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) with a syndicate of lenders by and among: the Company; JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan), as administrative agent and collateral agent; JPMorgan, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, BofA Securities Inc., RBC Capital Markets, PNC Capital Markets LLC and Mizuho Bank, Ltd., as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners; Santander Bank, N.A., U.S. Bank National Association, Fifth Third Bank National Association, Silicon Valley Bank and TD Bank, N.A., as co-documentation agents; and the lenders party thereto.

The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provides for a five-year, $800.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility, including a letter of credit sub-facility of up to $75.0 million. We may elect to use the credit facility for general corporate purposes (including to finance the repurchase of shares of our common stock). The commitments under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement will expire on July 27, 2026, and any outstanding loans will be due on that date.

In connection with the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, we paid off the outstanding balance of $350 million under the Amended Credit Agreement by borrowing the same amount under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. Additionally, we recorded a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $0.6 million, representing the write off of unamortized deferred financing costs, which was included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022. On May 9, 2022, the Company repaid $150.0 million of borrowings under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. At September 30, 2022, $200 million was outstanding under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

At our election, revolving loans under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement bear interest at either (a) an Alternate Base Rate per annum equal to the greatest of (1) the Wall Street Journal prime rate; (2) the New York Federal Reserve Bank (NYFRB) rate plus 0.50%, or (3) an adjusted one month LIBO rate plus 1%; or (b) a Term Benchmark Borrowing rate (for the interest period selected by NetScout, subject to customary provisions regarding succession from LIBO rate to SOF rate in anticipation of the upcoming discontinuation of the LIBO rate), in each case plus an applicable margin. For the period from the delivery of the Company's financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, until we have delivered financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, the applicable margin will be 1.00% per annum for Term Benchmark Revolving loans and 0% per annum for Alternate Base Rate loans, and thereafter the applicable margin will vary depending on our consolidated gross leverage ratio, ranging from 1.00% per annum for Alternate Base Rate loans and 2.00% per annum for Term Benchmark Revolving loans if our consolidated gross leverage ratio is greater than 3.50 to 1.00, down to

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0% per annum for Alternate Base Rate loans and 1.00% per annum for Term Benchmark Revolving loans if our consolidated gross leverage ratio is equal to or less than 1.50 to 1.00.

Our consolidated gross leverage ratio is the ratio of our consolidated total debt compared to our consolidated EBITDA as defined in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (adjusted consolidated EBITDA). Adjusted consolidated EBITDA includes certain adjustments, including, without limitation, adjustments relating to extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring charges, certain restructuring charges, non-cash charges, certain transaction costs and expenses and certain pro forma adjustments in connection with material acquisitions and dispositions, all as set forth in detail in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

Commitment fees will accrue on the daily unused amount of the credit facility. For the period from the delivery of the Company's financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, until we have delivered financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, the commitment fee will be 0.15% per annum, and thereafter the commitment fee will vary depending on our consolidated gross leverage ratio, ranging from 0.30% per annum if our consolidated gross leverage ratio is greater than 2.75 to 1.00, down to 0.15% per annum if our consolidated gross leverage ratio is equal to or less than 1.50 to 1.00.

Letter of credit participation fees are payable to each lender providing the letter of credit sub-facility on the amount of such lender's letter of credit exposure, during the period from the closing date of the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement to, but excluding, the date which is the later of (i) the date on which such lender's commitment terminates or (ii) the date on which such lender ceases to have any letter of credit exposure, at the applicable rate that would be used to determine the interest rate applicable to Term Benchmark Revolving loans assuming such loans were outstanding during the period. Additionally, we will pay a fronting fee to each issuing bank in amounts to be agreed to between us and the applicable issuing bank.

Interest on Alternate Base Rate loans is payable at the end of each calendar quarter. Interest on Term Benchmark Revolving loans is payable at the end of each interest rate period or at the end of each three-month interval within an interest rate period if the period is longer than three months. We may also prepay loans under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement at any time, without penalty, subject to certain notice requirements.

The loans and other obligations under the credit facility are (a) guaranteed by each of our wholly-owned material domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions, and (b) are secured by substantially all of the assets of us and the subsidiary guarantors, including a pledge of all the capital stock of material subsidiaries held directly by the Borrower and the subsidiary guarantors (which pledge, in the case of any foreign subsidiary, is limited to 65% of the voting stock), subject to certain customary exceptions and limitations. The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement generally prohibits any other liens on the assets of NetScout and our restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions as described in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement contains certain covenants applicable to us and our restricted subsidiaries, including, without limitation, limitations on additional indebtedness, liens, various fundamental changes, dividends and distributions, investments (including acquisitions), transactions with affiliates, asset sales, including sale-leaseback transactions, speculative hedge agreements, payment of junior financing, changes in business and other limitations customary in senior secured credit facilities. The Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a certain consolidated net leverage ratio and removes the previous requirement under the Amended Credit Agreement that we maintain a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio. Our consolidated net leverage ratio is the ratio of our Consolidated Total Debt minus the lesser of unrestricted cash and 125% of adjusted consolidated EBITDA compared to our adjusted consolidated EBITDA. The Company’s maximum consolidated net leverage ratio is 4.00 to 1.00. These covenants and limitations are more fully described in the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants, including the specified total consolidated net leverage ratio range of 4.00 to 1.00.

We had unamortized capitalized debt issuance costs, net of $4.3 million at September 30, 2022, which are being amortized over the life of the revolving credit facility. The unamortized capitalized debt issuance costs balance of $1.1 million was included as prepaid expenses and other current assets and a balance of $3.2 million was included as other assets in our consolidated balance sheet.

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Expectations for Fiscal Year 2023

We are actively managing the business to generate cash flow and believe that we currently have adequate liquidity. We believe that these factors will allow us to meet our anticipated funding requirements.

We expect net cash provided by operating activities combined with cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities and borrowing availability under our revolving credit facility to provide sufficient liquidity to fund current obligations, capital spending, debt service requirements and working capital requirement over at least the next twelve months. We believe we will meet longer-term expected future cash requirements and obligations through a combination of cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances, and our revolving credit facility. However, macroeconomic conditions, including rising inflation and a potential recession, could increase our anticipated funding requirements.

A portion of our cash may be used to acquire or invest in complementary businesses or products, to obtain the right to use complementary technologies, to repay borrowings under our Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, or to repurchase shares of our common stock through our stock repurchase programs. From time to time, in the ordinary course of business, we evaluate potential acquisitions of such businesses, products or technologies. If our existing sources of liquidity are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities. The sale of additional equity or debt securities could result in additional dilution to our stockholders.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information with respect to recent accounting pronouncements on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 1 contained in the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk. We hold our cash, cash equivalents and investments for working capital purposes. Some of the securities we invest in are subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. To minimize this risk, we maintain our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and investments in a variety of securities, including money market funds and government debt securities. The risk associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investment portfolio. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, we believe that we do not have any material exposure to changes in the fair value of our investment portfolio as a result of changes in interest rates. Declines in interest rates, however, would reduce future interest income. The effect of a hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in overall interest rates would not have had a material impact on our operating results or the total fair value of the portfolio.

We are exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in interest rates related to our credit facility. At September 30, 2022, we owed $200 million on this loan with an interest rate of 4.12%. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the outstanding portion of our debt obligation as of September 30, 2022. Should the current weighted-average interest rate increase or decrease by 10%, the resulting annual increase or decrease to interest expense would be approximately $0.8 million as of September 30, 2022.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk. As a result of our foreign operations, we face exposure to movements in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily the Euro, British Pound, Canadian Dollar and Indian Rupee. The current exposures arise primarily from expenses denominated in foreign currencies. We currently engage in foreign currency hedging activities in order to limit these exposures. Periodically, we also enter into forward contracts to manage exchange risk associated with third-party transactions and for which we do not elect hedge accounting treatment. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes.

At September 30, 2022, we had foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedging instruments with notional amounts totaling $10.8 million. The valuation of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts at September 30, 2022 resulted in a liability balance of $877 thousand, reflecting unfavorable contract rates in comparison to current market rates at this date. At March 31, 2022, we had foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedging instruments with notional amounts totaling $5.6 million. The valuation of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts at March 31, 2022 resulted in a liability balance of $78 thousand, reflecting unfavorable contract rates in comparison to current market rates and an asset balance of $20 thousand, reflecting favorable rates in comparison to current market rates at this date. The effect of a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business would not have a material impact on our historical consolidated financial statements. As our international operations grow, we will continue to reassess our approach to manage our risk relating to fluctuations in currency rates.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

At September 30, 2022, NetScout, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act)). Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, at September 30, 2022, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level in ensuring that material information relating to NetScout, including its consolidated subsidiaries, required to be disclosed by NetScout in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, including ensuring that such material information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) occurred during the period covered by this quarterly report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II: OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For information regarding our legal proceedings, see Note 13 contained in the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended March 31, 2022. The risks discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K could materially affect our business, financial condition and future results. There have been no material changes to those risk factors since we filed our Annual Report on Form 10-K. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

The following table provides information about purchases we made during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Program
7/1/2022-7/31/2022	865	$	34.50	—	2,502,668
8/1/2022-8/31/2022	240,095	33.95		—	2,502,668
9/1/2022-9/30/2022	554	31.28		—	2,502,668
Total	241,514	$	33.95	—	2,502,668

(1)We purchased an aggregate of 241,514 shares during the three months ended September 30, 2022 transferred to us from employees in satisfaction of minimum tax withholding obligations associated with the vesting of restricted stock units during the period. Such purchases reflected in the table do not reduce the maximum number of shares that may be purchased under our previously announced stock repurchase programs (our previously disclosed twenty-five million share repurchase program authorized on October 24, 2017).

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

(a)Exhibits



3.1		Composite conformed copy of Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of NetScout (as amended) (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to NetScout's current report on Form 8-K, SEC File No. 000-26251, filed on September 21, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.2		Amended and Restated By-laws of NetScout (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to NetScout's current report on Form 8-K, SEC File No. 000-26251, filed on May 11, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).

10.1		NetScout Systems, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to NetScout’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, SEC File No. 333-267069, filed on August 25, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).

10.2		NetScout Systems, Inc. Amended and Restated 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to NetScout’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, SEC File No. 333-267069, filed on August 25, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).

31.1	+	Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2	+	Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1	++	Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2	++	Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS	+	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH	+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL	+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase document.

101.DEF	+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase document.

101.LAB	+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase document.

101.PRE	+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase document.

104		The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 formatted in Inline XBRL



+			Filed herewith.
++			Exhibit has been furnished, is not deemed filed and is not to be incorporated by reference into any of the Company's filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in any such filing.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


						NETSCOUT SYSTEMS, INC.

Date: November 3, 2022						/s/ Anil K. Singhal
						Anil K. Singhal
						President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
						(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 3, 2022						/s/ Jean Bua
						Jean Bua
						Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
						(Principal Financial Officer)
						(Principal Accounting Officer)

Positive
Negative
Uncertain
Constraining
Legalese
Litigous
Readability	H.S. junior Bad

NetScout Systems (NTCT) 10-Q2023 Q2 Quarterly report

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