UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED
MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Investment Company Act file number: 811-10221
AB TRUST
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)
1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
Joseph J. Mantineo
AllianceBernstein L.P.
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10105
(Name and address of agent for service)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (800) 221-5672
Date of fiscal year end: November 30, 2022
Date of reporting period: November 30, 2022
Explanatory Note:
Enclosed for filing you will find an amended Form N-CSR of the registrant’s original 2022 Form N-CSR filing of the referenced period. The purpose of this amended filing is to update Item 11 (b) and Item 13 (which is addressed in exhibits labeled Exhibit 12 (b)(1) and Exhibit 12 (b)(2) in the original filings). Except as set forth above, no other changes have been made to the Form N-CSR, and this amended filing does not amend, update or change any other items or disclosure found in the Form N-CSR.
ITEM 1. REPORTS TO STOCKHOLDERS.
NOV 11.30.22
ANNUAL REPORT
AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND
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Investment Products Offered | | • Are Not FDIC Insured • May Lose Value • Are Not Bank Guaranteed |
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
This shareholder report must be preceded or accompanied by the Fund’s prospectus for individuals who are not current shareholders of the Fund.
You may obtain a description of the Fund’s proxy voting policies and procedures, and information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, without charge. Simply visit AB’s website at www.abfunds.com, or go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “Commission”) website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227 4618.
The Fund files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Commission for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. The Fund’s Form N-PORT reports are available on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. AB publishes full portfolio holdings for the Fund monthly at www.abfunds.com.
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (ABI) is the distributor of the AB family of mutual funds. ABI is a member of FINRA and is an affiliate of AllianceBernstein L.P., the Adviser of the funds.
The [A/B] logo is a registered service mark of AllianceBernstein and AllianceBernstein® is a registered service mark used by permission of the owner, AllianceBernstein L.P.
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FROM THE PRESIDENT | | |
Dear Shareholder,
We’re pleased to provide this report for the AB Discovery Value Fund (the “Fund”). Please review the discussion of Fund performance, the market conditions during the reporting period and the Fund’s investment strategy.
At AB, we’re striving to help our clients achieve better outcomes by:
+ | | Fostering diverse perspectives that give us a distinctive approach to navigating global capital markets |
+ | | Applying differentiated investment insights through a connected global research network |
+ | | Embracing innovation to design better ways to invest and leading-edge mutual-fund solutions |
Whether you’re an individual investor or a multibillion-dollar institution, we’re putting our knowledge and experience to work for you every day.
For more information about AB’s comprehensive range of products and shareholder resources, please log on to www.abfunds.com.
Thank you for your investment in AB mutual funds—and for placing your trust in our firm.
Sincerely,
Onur Erzan
President and Chief Executive Officer, AB Mutual Funds
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 1 |
ANNUAL REPORT
January 9, 2023
This report provides management’s discussion of fund performance for the AB Discovery Value Fund for the annual reporting period ended November 30, 2022.
The Fund’s investment objective is long-term growth of capital.
NAV RETURNS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | 6 Months | | | 12 Months | |
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AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | | | | | | | |
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Class A Shares | | | -1.81% | | | | -6.98% | |
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Class C Shares | | | -2.20% | | | | -7.70% | |
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Advisor Class Shares1 | | | -1.72% | | | | -6.78% | |
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Class R Shares1 | | | -2.02% | | | | -7.42% | |
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Class K Shares1 | | | -1.89% | | | | -7.12% | |
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Class I Shares1 | | | -1.70% | | | | -6.81% | |
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Class Z Shares1 | | | -1.70% | | | | -6.71% | |
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Primary Benchmark: Russell 2500 Value Index | | | -1.25% | | | | -2.78% | |
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Russell 2500 Index | | | 0.40% | | | | -10.36% | |
1 | Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
INVESTMENT RESULTS
The table above shows the Fund’s performance compared to its primary benchmark, the Russell 2500 Value Index, as well as the Russell 2500 Index, which represents small- and mid-cap stocks, for the six- and 12-month periods ended November 30, 2022.
During the 12-month period, all share classes of the Fund underperformed the primary benchmark and outperformed the Russell 2500 Index, before sales charges. Overall security selection drove underperformance, relative to the benchmark. Selection within the industrials and consumer-staples sectors detracted, while selection within technology and financials contributed. Sector selection also detracted. An underweight to energy and an overweight to consumer discretionary detracted the most, while underweights to real estate and communication services offset some losses.
During the six-month period, all share classes of the Fund underperformed the primary benchmark and the Russell 2500 Index, before sales charges. Overall security selection was negative, as losses from selection within
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health care and consumer staples offset gains from selection within materials and technology. Overall sector selection was positive, as losses from underweights to financials and consumer staples were offset by gains from an overweight to industrials and an underweight to real estate.
The Fund did not utilize derivatives during either period.
MARKET REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY
US, international and emerging-market stocks declined during the 12-month period ended November 30, 2022. In response to persistently high inflation, central banks—led by the US Federal Reserve (the “Fed”)—took a hawkish pivot, which raised concerns that rapidly rising borrowing costs would slow economic growth significantly and tip global economies into recession. Volatility increased and stocks pulled back after the Fed announced its first interest-rate hike in March 2022, which was followed by five additional rate raises, including four consecutive 0.75% increases. Equity markets began to rebound at the end of the period, after some early evidence of easing inflationary pressures raised hopes that the Fed and other key central banks would soon slow the pace of rate hikes and review the impact of higher rates over a longer time horizon. Against a backdrop of rising rates, growth stocks came under pressure throughout most of the period. Within large-cap markets, growth stocks declined, while value stocks rose and outperformed growth stocks significantly. Large-cap stocks outperformed small-cap stocks on a relative basis, but both declined in absolute terms.
The Fund’s Senior Investment Management Team (the “Team”) seeks to invest opportunistically in what it considers to be undervalued companies with solid fundamentals and attractive long-term earnings prospects. The Fund’s emphasis continues to be at the stock-specific level, as the Team looks for companies that offer compelling valuation, strong free cash flow and significant company-level catalysts.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of equity securities of small- to mid-capitalization US companies. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in securities of small- to mid-capitalization companies. For purposes of this policy, small- to mid-capitalization companies are those that, at the time of investment, fall within the capitalization range between the smallest company in the Russell 2500 Value Index and the greater of $5 billion or the market capitalization of the largest company in the Russell 2500 Value Index. Because the Fund’s definition of small- to mid-capitalization companies is dynamic, the lower and upper limits on market capitalization will change with the markets.
(continued on next page)
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The Fund invests in companies that are determined by the Adviser to be undervalued, using the Adviser’s fundamental value approach. In selecting securities for the Fund’s portfolio, the Adviser uses its fundamental and quantitative research to identify companies whose long-term earnings power is not reflected in the current market price of their securities.
The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions, such as options, futures contracts, forwards and swaps. The Fund may use options strategies involving the purchase and/or writing of various combinations of call and/or put options, including on individual securities and stock indices, futures contracts (including futures contracts on individual securities and stock indices) or shares of exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). These transactions may be used, for example, in an effort to earn extra income, to adjust exposure to individual securities or markets, or to protect all or a portion of the Fund’s portfolio from a decline in value, sometimes within certain ranges.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by non-US companies.
The Fund may, at times, invest in shares of ETFs in lieu of making direct investments in equity securities. ETFs may provide more efficient and economical exposure to the type of companies and geographic locations in which the Fund seeks to invest than direct investments.
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DISCLOSURES AND RISKS
Benchmark Disclosure
The Russell 2500® Value Index and the Russell 2500™ Index are unmanaged and do not reflect fees and expenses associated with the active management of a mutual fund portfolio. The Russell 2500 Value Index represents the performance of small- to mid-cap value companies within the US. The Russell 2500 Index represents the performance of 2,500 small- to mid-cap companies within the US. An investor cannot invest directly in an index, and its results are not indicative of the performance for any specific investment, including the Fund.
A Word About Risk
Market Risk: The value of the Fund’s investments will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events, including public health crises (including the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness) and regional and global conflicts, that affect large portions of the market. It includes the risk that a particular style of investing, such as the Fund’s value approach, may be underperforming the market generally.
Capitalization Risk: Investments in small- and mid-capitalization companies may be more volatile than investments in large-capitalization companies. Investments in small-capitalization companies may have additional risks because these companies have limited product lines, markets or financial resources.
Foreign (Non-US) Risk: Investments in securities of non-US issuers may involve more risk than those of US issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
Currency Risk: Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.
Derivatives Risk: Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. Derivatives, especially over-the-counter derivatives, are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable or unwilling to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund.
Management Risk: The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results. Some of these techniques may incorporate, or rely upon, quantitative models,
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 5 |
DISCLOSURES AND RISKS (continued)
but there is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce risk or otherwise perform as expected.
These risks are fully discussed in the Fund’s prospectus. As with all investments, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
An Important Note About Historical Performance
The investment return and principal value of an investment in the Fund will fluctuate, so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance shown in this report represents past performance and does not guarantee future results. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance information shown. You may obtain performance information current to the most recent month-end by visiting www.abfunds.com.
All fees and expenses related to the operation of the Fund have been deducted. Net asset value (“NAV”) returns do not reflect sales charges; if sales charges were reflected, the Fund’s quoted performance would be lower. SEC returns reflect the applicable sales charges for each share class: a 4.25% maximum front-end sales charge for Class A shares and a 1%, 1-year contingent deferred sales charge for Class C shares. Returns for the different share classes will vary due to different expenses associated with each class. Performance assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes.
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HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE
GROWTH OF A $10,000 INVESTMENT IN THE FUND (unaudited)
11/30/2012 TO 11/30/2022
This chart illustrates the total value of an assumed $10,000 investment in AB Discovery Value Fund Class A shares (from 11/30/2012 to 11/30/2022) as compared to the performance of the Fund’s benchmarks. The chart reflects the deduction of the maximum 4.25% sales charge from the initial $10,000 investment in the Fund and assumes the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions.
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 7 |
HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE (continued)
AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURNS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | NAV Returns | | | SEC Returns (reflects applicable sales charges) | |
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CLASS A SHARES | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -6.98% | | | | -10.93% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.64% | | | | 3.74% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.74% | | | | 9.27% | |
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CLASS C SHARES | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -7.70% | | | | -8.54% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.85% | | | | 3.85% | |
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10 Years1 | | | 8.93% | | | | 8.93% | |
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ADVISOR CLASS SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -6.78% | | | | -6.78% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.89% | | | | 4.89% | |
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10 Years | | | 10.03% | | | | 10.03% | |
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CLASS R SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -7.42% | | | | -7.42% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.19% | | | | 4.19% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.32% | | | | 9.32% | |
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CLASS K SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -7.12% | | | | -7.12% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.52% | | | | 4.52% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.65% | | | | 9.65% | |
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CLASS I SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -6.81% | | | | -6.81% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.88% | | | | 4.88% | |
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10 Years | | | 10.03% | | | | 10.03% | |
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CLASS Z SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -6.71% | | | | -6.71% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.96% | | | | 4.96% | |
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Since Inception3 | | | 7.79% | | | | 7.79% | |
The Fund’s prospectus fee table shows the Fund’s total annual operating expense ratios as 1.08%, 1.83%, 0.83%, 1.52%, 1.21%, 0.86% and 0.78% for Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K, Class I and Class Z shares, respectively. The Financial Highlights section of this report sets forth expense ratio data for the current reporting period; the expense ratios shown above may differ from the expense ratios in the Financial Highlights section since they are based on different time periods.
1 | Assumes conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares after eight years. |
2 | These share classes are offered at NAV to eligible investors and their SEC returns are the same as their NAV returns. Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
3 | Inception date: 10/15/2013. |
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HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE (continued)
SEC AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURNS
AS OF THE MOST RECENT CALENDAR QUARTER-END
DECEMBER 31, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | SEC Returns (reflects applicable sales charges) | |
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CLASS A SHARES | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -19.90% | |
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5 Years | | | 2.58% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.36% | |
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CLASS C SHARES | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -17.75% | |
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5 Years | | | 2.70% | |
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10 Years1 | | | 8.03% | |
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ADVISOR CLASS SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -16.14% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.73% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.12% | |
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CLASS R SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -16.70% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.04% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.42% | |
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CLASS K SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -16.45% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.36% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.75% | |
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CLASS I SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -16.17% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.71% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.12% | |
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CLASS Z SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -16.13% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.79% | |
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Since Inception3 | | | 7.13% | |
1 | Assumes conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares after eight years. |
2 | Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
3 | Inception date: 10/15/2013. |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 9 |
EXPENSE EXAMPLE
(unaudited)
As a shareholder of the Fund, you incur two types of costs: (1) transaction costs, including sales charges (loads) on purchase payments, contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions and (2) ongoing costs, including management fees; distribution (12b-1) fees; and other Fund expenses. This example is intended to help you understand your ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in the Fund and to compare these costs with the ongoing costs of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example is based on an investment of $1,000 invested at the beginning of the period and held for the entire period as indicated below.
Actual Expenses
The table below provides information about actual account values and actual expenses. You may use the information, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. Simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number under the heading entitled “Expenses Paid During Period” to estimate the expenses you paid on your account during this period.
Hypothetical Example for Comparison Purposes
The table below also provides information about hypothetical account values and hypothetical expenses based on the Fund’s actual expense ratio and an assumed annual rate of return of 5% before expenses, which is not the Fund’s actual return. The hypothetical account values and expenses may not be used to estimate the actual ending account balance or expenses you paid for the period. You may use this information to compare the ongoing costs of investing in the Fund and other funds by comparing this 5% hypothetical example with the 5% hypothetical examples that appear in the shareholder reports of other funds.
Please note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight your ongoing costs only and do not reflect any transactional costs, such as sales charges (loads), or contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions. Therefore, the hypothetical example is useful in comparing ongoing costs only, and will not help you determine the relative total costs of owning different funds. In addition, if these transactional costs were included, your costs would have been higher.
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| | Beginning Account Value June 1, 2022 | | | Ending Account Value November 30, 2022 | | | Expenses Paid During Period* | | | Annualized Expense Ratio* | |
Class A | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 981.90 | | | $ | 5.42 | | | | 1.09 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,019.60 | | | $ | 5.52 | | | | 1.09 | % |
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EXPENSE EXAMPLE (continued)
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| | Beginning Account Value June 1, 2022 | | | Ending Account Value November 30, 2022 | | | Expenses Paid During Period* | | | Annualized Expense Ratio* | |
Class C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 978.00 | | | $ | 9.12 | | | | 1.84 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,015.84 | | | $ | 9.30 | | | | 1.84 | % |
Advisor Class | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 982.80 | | | $ | 4.18 | | | | 0.84 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.86 | | | $ | 4.26 | | | | 0.84 | % |
Class R | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 979.80 | | | $ | 7.59 | | | | 1.53 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,017.40 | | | $ | 7.74 | | | | 1.53 | % |
Class K | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 981.10 | | | $ | 6.06 | | | | 1.22 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,018.95 | | | $ | 6.17 | | | | 1.22 | % |
Class I | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 983.00 | | | $ | 4.23 | | | | 0.85 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.81 | | | $ | 4.31 | | | | 0.85 | % |
Class Z | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 983.00 | | | $ | 3.93 | | | | 0.79 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,021.11 | | | $ | 4.00 | | | | 0.79 | % |
* | Expenses are equal to the classes’ annualized expense ratios, multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by 183/365 (to reflect the one-half year period). |
** | Assumes 5% annual return before expenses. |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 11 |
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY
November 30, 2022 (unaudited)
PORTFOLIO STATISTICS
Net Assets ($mil): $2,844.4
TEN LARGEST HOLDINGS2
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Company | | U.S. $ Value | | | Percent of Net Assets | |
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Comerica, Inc. | | $ | 53,848,259 | | | | 1.9 | % |
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Acadia Healthcare Co., Inc. | | | 50,294,854 | | | | 1.8 | |
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First Citizens BancShares, Inc./NC – Class A | | | 49,212,943 | | | | 1.7 | |
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IDACORP, Inc. | | | 46,769,554 | | | | 1.6 | |
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Zions Bancorp NA | | | 45,345,195 | | | | 1.6 | |
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Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings, Inc. | | | 44,866,317 | | | | 1.6 | |
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Envista Holdings Corp. | | | 44,732,343 | | | | 1.6 | |
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Wintrust Financial Corp. | | | 44,422,180 | | | | 1.6 | |
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Huntsman Corp. | | | 44,127,697 | | | | 1.6 | |
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Stifel Financial Corp. | | | 43,525,648 | | | | 1.5 | |
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| | $ | 467,144,990 | | | | 16.5 | % |
1 | The Fund’s sector breakdown is expressed as a percentage of total investments (excluding security lending collateral) and may vary over time. |
Please note: The sector classifications presented herein are based on the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) which was developed by Morgan Stanley Capital International and Standard & Poor’s. The components are divided into sector, industry group, and industry sub-indices as classified by the GICS for each of the market capitalization indices in the broad market. These sector classifications are broadly defined. The “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report reflects more specific industry information and is consistent with the investment restrictions discussed in the Fund’s prospectus.
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PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS
November 30, 2022
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Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
COMMON STOCKS – 99.6% | |
Financials – 24.5% | |
Banks – 13.2% | |
Comerica, Inc. | | | 750,603 | | | $ | 53,848,259 | |
First BanCorp./Puerto Rico | | | 2,804,570 | | | | 43,134,287 | |
First Citizens BancShares, Inc./NC – Class A(a) | | | 60,276 | | | | 49,212,943 | |
First Hawaiian, Inc. | | | 1,544,066 | | | | 40,994,952 | |
Synovus Financial Corp. | | | 935,794 | | | | 39,425,001 | |
Texas Capital Bancshares, Inc.(b) | | | 493,625 | | | | 29,612,564 | |
Webster Financial Corp. | | | 534,639 | | | | 29,052,283 | |
Wintrust Financial Corp. | | | 485,860 | | | | 44,422,180 | |
Zions Bancorp NA | | | 875,052 | | | | 45,345,195 | |
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| | | | 375,047,664 | |
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Capital Markets – 3.5% | |
Cboe Global Markets, Inc. | | | 220,670 | | | | 27,989,783 | |
Moelis & Co. – Class A | | | 675,148 | | | | 29,179,897 | |
Stifel Financial Corp. | | | 677,442 | | | | 43,525,648 | |
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| | | | 100,695,328 | |
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Insurance – 6.7% | |
American Financial Group, Inc./OH | | | 215,586 | | | | 30,660,641 | |
Everest Re Group Ltd. | | | 82,410 | | | | 27,849,635 | |
Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. (The) | | | 247,951 | | | | 36,523,182 | |
Kemper Corp. | | | 526,850 | | | | 29,988,302 | |
Reinsurance Group of America, Inc. | | | 225,040 | | | | 32,495,776 | |
Selective Insurance Group, Inc.(a) | | | 341,645 | | | | 32,838,918 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 190,356,454 | |
| | | | | |
Thrifts & Mortgage Finance – 1.1% | |
BankUnited, Inc. | | | 817,963 | | | | 30,035,601 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 696,135,047 | |
| | | | | |
Industrials – 21.8% | |
Aerospace & Defense – 1.2% | |
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. – Class A | | | 1,263,070 | | | | 33,105,065 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Airlines – 1.2% | |
Alaska Air Group, Inc.(b) | | | 722,315 | | | | 34,266,624 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Building Products – 1.0% | |
Masonite International Corp.(b) | | | 363,427 | | | | 27,355,150 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Construction & Engineering – 5.5% | |
AECOM | | | 501,970 | | | | 42,667,450 | |
Arcosa, Inc. | | | 627,740 | | | | 38,354,914 | |
Dycom Industries, Inc.(b) | | | 280,589 | | | | 25,572,882 | |
Fluor Corp.(a)(b) | | | 985,310 | | | | 33,116,269 | |
WillScot Mobile Mini Holdings Corp.(b) | | | 369,421 | | | | 17,809,786 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 157,521,301 | |
| | | | | |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 13 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Electrical Equipment – 3.8% | |
Regal Rexnord Corp. | | | 323,718 | | | $ | 42,442,667 | |
Sensata Technologies Holding PLC | | | 526,010 | | | | 23,723,051 | |
Vertiv Holdings Co. | | | 3,017,970 | | | | 41,798,885 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 107,964,603 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Machinery – 2.1% | |
Oshkosh Corp. | | | 277,470 | | | | 25,546,663 | |
Timken Co. (The) | | | 441,280 | | | | 33,528,454 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 59,075,117 | |
| | | | | |
Marine – 0.8% | |
Star Bulk Carriers Corp.(a) | | | 1,254,704 | | | | 24,153,052 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Professional Services – 1.6% | |
Korn Ferry | | | 350,490 | | | | 19,988,445 | |
Robert Half International, Inc. | | | 312,845 | | | | 24,645,929 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 44,634,374 | |
| | | | | |
Road & Rail – 3.3% | |
Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings, Inc.(a) | | | 809,423 | | | | 44,866,317 | |
RXO, Inc.(a)(b) | | | 418,323 | | | | 7,948,137 | |
XPO Logistics, Inc.(b) | | | 1,068,800 | | | | 41,277,056 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 94,091,510 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Trading Companies & Distributors – 1.3% | | | | | | | | |
Herc Holdings, Inc.(a) | | | 293,367 | | | | 37,600,848 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 619,767,644 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Consumer Discretionary – 15.3% | |
Auto Components – 1.9% | |
Dana, Inc. | | | 1,831,591 | | | | 32,254,318 | |
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. (The)(b) | | | 1,931,720 | | | | 21,673,898 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 53,928,216 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diversified Consumer Services – 1.2% | | | | | | | | |
ADT, Inc.(a) | | | 3,625,211 | | | | 33,859,471 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure – 3.3% | |
Dine Brands Global, Inc.(a) | | | 414,671 | | | | 30,930,310 | |
Hilton Grand Vacations, Inc.(b) | | | 769,762 | | | | 33,884,923 | |
Papa John’s International, Inc.(a) | | | 350,679 | | | | 29,197,534 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 94,012,767 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Household Durables – 3.0% | |
KB Home(a) | | | 818,880 | | | | 25,704,643 | |
PulteGroup, Inc. | | | 878,450 | | | | 39,336,991 | |
Taylor Morrison Home Corp.(a)(b) | | | 712,121 | | | | 21,641,357 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 86,682,991 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Specialty Retail – 2.1% | |
Bath & Body Works, Inc. | | | 243,940 | | | | 10,367,450 | |
Sally Beauty Holdings, Inc.(b) | | | 1,929,210 | | | | 22,687,510 | |
Williams-Sonoma, Inc.(a) | | | 220,628 | | | | 25,791,413 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 58,846,373 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
14 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods – 3.8% | | | | | | | | |
Carter’s, Inc.(a) | | | 369,857 | | | $ | 27,014,355 | |
Ralph Lauren Corp.(a) | | | 358,902 | | | | 40,598,994 | |
Tapestry, Inc. | | | 1,082,480 | | | | 40,885,270 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 108,498,619 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 435,828,437 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Information Technology – 9.1% | | | | | | | | |
Communications Equipment – 0.8% | | | | | | | | |
Lumentum Holdings, Inc.(a)(b) | | | 393,670 | | | | 21,628,230 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components – 2.2% | | | | | | | | |
Avnet, Inc. | | | 726,239 | | | | 32,804,215 | |
Belden, Inc. | | | 372,772 | | | | 29,985,780 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 62,789,995 | |
| | | | | | | | |
IT Services – 1.0% | | | | | | | | |
Genpact Ltd. | | | 604,769 | | | | 27,885,899 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment – 1.8% | | | | | | | | |
Kulicke & Soffa Industries, Inc. | | | 404,682 | | | | 19,404,502 | |
ON Semiconductor Corp.(a)(b) | | | 293,770 | | | | 22,091,504 | |
Synaptics, Inc.(b) | | | 97,500 | | | | 10,332,075 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 51,828,081 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Software – 3.3% | | | | | | | | |
ACI Worldwide, Inc.(b) | | | 1,392,645 | | | | 29,106,280 | |
CommVault Systems, Inc.(b) | | | 527,797 | | | | 34,834,602 | |
NortonLifeLock, Inc. | | | 1,312,360 | | | | 30,131,786 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 94,072,668 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 258,204,873 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Real Estate – 6.2% | | | | | | | | |
Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) – 6.2% | | | | | | | | |
Broadstone Net Lease, Inc. – Class A(a) | | | 1,337,300 | | | | 22,693,981 | |
Camden Property Trust | | | 285,170 | | | | 34,314,506 | |
Cousins Properties, Inc. | | | 873,650 | | | | 23,046,887 | |
CubeSmart | | | 873,458 | | | | 36,152,427 | |
Physicians Realty Trust | | | 1,768,441 | | | | 26,402,824 | |
STAG Industrial, Inc. | | | 1,052,134 | | | | 34,625,730 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 177,236,355 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Health Care – 6.1% | |
Health Care Equipment & Supplies – 2.9% | | | | | | | | |
Envista Holdings Corp.(b) | | | 1,311,030 | | | | 44,732,343 | |
Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corp.(b) | | | 656,950 | | | | 36,092,833 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 80,825,176 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 15 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Health Care Providers & Services – 2.7% | | | | | | | | |
Acadia Healthcare Co., Inc.(a)(b) | | | 564,730 | | | $ | 50,294,854 | |
Pediatrix Medical Group, Inc.(a)(b) | | | 1,643,100 | | | | 26,256,738 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 76,551,592 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Life Sciences Tools & Services – 0.5% | | | | | | | | |
Syneos Health, Inc.(b) | | | 407,200 | | | | 14,366,016 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 171,742,784 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Materials – 6.0% | | | | | | | | |
Chemicals – 2.3% | | | | | | | | |
Huntsman Corp. | | | 1,588,470 | | | | 44,127,697 | |
Innospec, Inc. | | | 202,143 | | | | 22,415,637 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 66,543,334 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Containers & Packaging – 1.5% | | | | | | | | |
Berry Global Group, Inc. | | | 711,490 | | | | 41,693,314 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Metals & Mining – 2.2% | | | | | | | | |
ATI, Inc.(b) | | | 1,174,399 | | | | 35,830,913 | |
Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co. | | | 130,307 | | | | 27,532,566 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 63,363,479 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 171,600,127 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Energy – 4.7% | | | | | | | | |
Energy Equipment & Services – 1.2% | | | | | | | | |
Helmerich & Payne, Inc. | | | 687,410 | | | | 35,112,903 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels – 3.5% | | | | | | | | |
Cameco Corp.(a) | | | 1,106,760 | | | | 26,982,809 | |
HF Sinclair Corp. | | | 553,338 | | | | 34,495,091 | |
Magnolia Oil & Gas Corp. – Class A(a) | | | 1,446,542 | | | | 37,725,815 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 99,203,715 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 134,316,618 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Utilities – 2.5% | | | | | | | | |
Electric Utilities – 1.7% | | | | | | | | |
IDACORP, Inc. | | | 423,139 | | | | 46,769,554 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Gas Utilities – 0.8% | | | | | | | | |
Southwest Gas Holdings, Inc. | | | 336,855 | | | | 23,061,093 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 69,830,647 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Consumer Staples – 2.3% | | | | | | | | |
Food Products – 2.3% | | | | | | | | |
Hain Celestial Group, Inc. (The)(a)(b) | | | 1,476,074 | | | | 27,661,627 | |
Nomad Foods Ltd.(b) | | | 2,194,144 | | | | 38,375,578 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 66,037,205 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Communication Services – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
Media – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
Criteo SA (Sponsored ADR)(b) | | | 1,143,097 | | | | 30,932,205 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Total Common Stocks (cost $2,502,372,750) | | | | | | | 2,831,631,942 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
16 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS – 0.5% | |
Investment Companies – 0.5% | |
AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc. – Government Money Market Portfolio – Class AB, 3.50%(c)(d)(e) (cost $15,429,571) | | | 15,429,571 | | | $ | 15,429,571 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Investments Before Security Lending Collateral for Securities Loaned – 100.1% (cost $2,517,802,321) | | | | | | | 2,847,061,513 | |
| | | | | |
INVESTMENTS OF CASH COLLATERAL FOR SECURITIES LOANED – 1.7% | | | | | | | | |
Investment Companies – 1.7% | |
AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc. – Government Money Market Portfolio – Class AB, 3.50%(c)(d)(e) (cost $49,755,300) | | | 49,755,300 | | | | 49,755,300 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Total Investments – 101.8% (cost $2,567,557,621) | | | | | | | 2,896,816,813 | |
Other assets less liabilities – (1.8)% | | | | | | | (52,404,918 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Net Assets – 100.0% | | | | | | $ | 2,844,411,895 | |
| | | | | | | | |
(a) | Represents entire or partial securities out on loan. See Note E for securities lending information. |
(b) | Non-income producing security. |
(c) | Affiliated investments. |
(d) | The rate shown represents the 7-day yield as of period end. |
(e) | To obtain a copy of the fund’s shareholder report, please go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227-4618. |
Glossary:
ADR – American Depositary Receipt
REIT – Real Estate Investment Trust
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 17 |
STATEMENT OF ASSETS & LIABILITIES
November 30, 2022
| | | | |
Assets | |
Investments in securities, at value | |
Unaffiliated issuers (cost $2,502,372,750) | | $ | 2,831,631,942 | (a) |
Affiliated issuers (cost $65,184,871—including investment of cash collateral for securities loaned of $49,755,300) | | | 65,184,871 | |
Receivable for investment securities sold | | | 31,181,757 | |
Unaffiliated dividends receivable | | | 5,990,013 | |
Receivable for shares of beneficial interest sold | | | 797,159 | |
Affiliated dividends receivable | | | 37,849 | |
| | | | |
Total assets | | | 2,934,823,591 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities | |
Payable for collateral received on securities loaned | | | 49,755,300 | |
Payable for investment securities purchased | | | 25,123,111 | |
Payable for shares of beneficial interest redeemed | | | 13,454,161 | |
Advisory fee payable | | | 1,693,141 | |
Distribution fee payable | | | 79,339 | |
Transfer Agent fee payable | | | 56,969 | |
Administrative fee payable | | | 17,554 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 232,121 | |
| | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 90,411,696 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets | | $ | 2,844,411,895 | |
| | | | |
Composition of Net Assets | |
Paid-in capital | | $ | 2,360,482,039 | |
Distributable earnings | | | 483,929,856 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets | | $ | 2,844,411,895 | |
| | | | |
Net Asset Value Per Share—unlimited shares authorized, without par value
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class | | Net Assets | | | Shares Outstanding | | | Net Asset Value | |
| |
A | | $ | 260,309,262 | | | | 11,731,132 | | | $ | 22.19 | * |
| |
C | | $ | 9,541,185 | | | | 511,423 | | | $ | 18.66 | |
| |
Advisor | | $ | 1,485,482,094 | | | | 64,882,490 | | | $ | 22.89 | |
| |
R | | $ | 34,034,411 | | | | 1,599,145 | | | $ | 21.28 | |
| |
K | | $ | 17,615,601 | | | | 809,219 | | | $ | 21.77 | |
| |
I | | $ | 132,169,139 | | | | 6,003,812 | | | $ | 22.01 | |
| |
Z | | $ | 905,260,203 | | | | 41,179,785 | | | $ | 21.98 | |
| |
(a) | Includes securities on loan with a value of $211,314,205 (see Note E). |
* | The maximum offering price per share for Class A shares was $23.17 which reflects a sales charge of 4.25%. |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
18 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended November 30, 2022
| | | | | | | | |
Investment Income | | | | | | | | |
Dividends | | | | | | | | |
Unaffiliated issuers (net of foreign taxes withheld of $108,493) | | $ | 54,174,686 | | | | | |
Affiliated issuers | | | 180,681 | | | | | |
Securities lending income | | | 606,103 | | | $ | 54,961,470 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | |
Advisory fee (see Note B) | | | 21,998,945 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class A | | | 730,790 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class C | | | 110,430 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class R | | | 184,245 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class K | | | 54,416 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class A | | | 191,383 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class C | | | 7,500 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Advisor Class | | | 1,035,943 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class R | | | 95,807 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class K | | | 43,533 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class I | | | 138,635 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class Z | | | 215,692 | | | | | |
Custody and accounting | | | 230,313 | | | | | |
Registration fees | | | 137,336 | | | | | |
Printing | | | 105,053 | | | | | |
Administrative | | | 100,801 | | | | | |
Audit and tax | | | 65,447 | | | | | |
Legal | | | 56,616 | | | | | |
Trustees’ fees | | | 56,164 | | | | | |
Miscellaneous | | | 101,564 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total expenses | | | 25,660,613 | | | | | |
Less: expenses waived and reimbursed by the Adviser (see Notes B & E) | | | (18,152 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net expenses | | | | | | | 25,642,461 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | 29,319,009 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment and Foreign Currency Transactions | | | | | | | | |
Net realized gain on investment transactions | | | | | | | 183,169,816 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of: | | | | | | | | |
Investments | | | | | | | (436,127,645 | ) |
Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities | | | | | | | 760 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loss on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | | | | | (252,957,069 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates (see Note B) | | | | | | | 641 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Decrease in Net Assets from Operations | | | | | | $ | (223,637,419 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 19 |
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | |
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets from Operations | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | $ | 29,319,009 | | | $ | 33,602,957 | |
Net realized gain on investment transactions | | | 183,169,816 | | | | 561,596,301 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments and foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities | | | (436,126,885 | ) | | | 343,024,109 | |
Contributions from Affiliates (see Note B) | | | 641 | | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net assets from operations | | | (223,637,419 | ) | | | 938,223,367 | |
Distributions to Shareholders | | | | | | | | |
Class A | | | (29,905,009 | ) | | | (1,454,912 | ) |
Class C | | | (1,288,816 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
Advisor Class | | | (158,996,737 | ) | | | (9,965,363 | ) |
Class R | | | (3,790,542 | ) | | | (73,075 | ) |
Class K | | | (2,411,479 | ) | | | (119,933 | ) |
Class I | | | (14,259,872 | ) | | | (1,481,125 | ) |
Class Z | | | (92,482,454 | ) | | | (8,199,612 | ) |
Transactions in Shares of Beneficial Interest | | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) | | | 97,661,437 | | | | (285,614,854 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total increase (decrease) | | | (429,110,891 | ) | | | 631,314,493 | |
Net Assets | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | | 3,273,522,786 | | | | 2,642,208,293 | |
| | | | | | | | |
End of period | | $ | 2,844,411,895 | | | $ | 3,273,522,786 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
20 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2022
NOTE A
Significant Accounting Policies
AB Trust (the “Trust”) is organized as a Massachusetts business trust and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as a diversified, open-end management investment company. The Trust operates as a series company currently comprised of three funds. Each fund is considered to be a separate entity for financial reporting and tax purposes. This report relates only to the AB Discovery Value Fund (the “Fund”), a diversified fund. The Fund offers Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K, Class I and Class Z shares. Class B shares have been authorized but currently are not offered. Class A shares are sold with a front-end sales charge of up to 4.25% for purchases not exceeding $1,000,000. With respect to purchases of $1,000,000 or more, Class A shares redeemed within one year of purchase may be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1%. Class C shares are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1% on redemptions made within the first year after purchase, and 0% after the first year of purchase. Effective May 31, 2021, Class C shares automatically convert to Class A shares eight years after the end of the calendar month of purchase. Prior to May 31, 2021, Class C shares automatically converted to Class A shares 10 years after the end of the calendar month of purchase. Class R and Class K shares are sold without an initial or contingent deferred sales charge. Advisor Class, Class I and Class Z shares are sold without an initial or contingent deferred sales charge and are not subject to ongoing distribution expenses. All eight classes of shares have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights, except that the classes bear different distribution and transfer agency expenses. Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to its distribution plan. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), which require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Fund is an investment company under U.S. GAAP and follows the accounting and reporting guidance applicable to investment companies. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund.
1. Security Valuation
Portfolio securities are valued at market value determined on the basis of market quotations or, if market quotations are not readily available or are unreliable, at “fair value” as determined in accordance with procedures approved by and under the oversight of the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). Pursuant to these procedures, AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) serves as the Fund’s valuation designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 21 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
of the 1940 Act. In this capacity, the Adviser is responsible, among other things, for making all fair value determinations relating to the Fund’s portfolio investments, subject to the Board’s oversight.
In general, the market values of securities which are readily available and deemed reliable are determined as follows: securities listed on a national securities exchange (other than securities listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”)) or on a foreign securities exchange are valued at the last sale price at the close of the exchange or foreign securities exchange. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the last traded price from the previous day. Securities listed on more than one exchange are valued by reference to the principal exchange on which the securities are traded; securities listed only on NASDAQ are valued in accordance with the NASDAQ Official Closing Price; listed or over the counter (“OTC”) market put or call options are valued at the mid level between the current bid and ask prices. If either a current bid or current ask price is unavailable, the Adviser will have discretion to determine the best valuation (e.g., last trade price in the case of listed options); open futures are valued using the closing settlement price or, in the absence of such a price, the most recent quoted bid price. If there are no quotations available for the day of valuation, the last available closing settlement price is used; U.S. Government securities and any other debt instruments having 60 days or less remaining until maturity are generally valued at market by an independent pricing vendor, if a market price is available. If a market price is not available, the securities are valued at amortized cost. This methodology is commonly used for short term securities that have an original maturity of 60 days or less, as well as short term securities that had an original term to maturity that exceeded 60 days. In instances when amortized cost is utilized, the Valuation Committee (the “Committee”) must reasonably conclude that the utilization of amortized cost is approximately the same as the fair value of the security. Factors the Committee will consider include, but are not limited to, an impairment of the creditworthiness of the issuer or material changes in interest rates. Fixed-income securities, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, may be valued on the basis of prices provided by a pricing service or at a price obtained from one or more of the major broker-dealers. In cases where broker-dealer quotes are obtained, the Adviser may establish procedures whereby changes in market yields or spreads are used to adjust, on a daily basis, a recently obtained quoted price on a security. Swaps and other derivatives are valued daily, primarily using independent pricing services, independent pricing models using market inputs, as well as third party broker-dealers or counterparties. Open-end mutual funds are valued at the closing net asset value per share, while exchange traded funds are valued at the closing market price per share.
| | |
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22 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Securities for which market quotations are not readily available (including restricted securities) or are deemed unreliable are valued at fair value as deemed appropriate by the Adviser. Factors considered in making this determination may include, but are not limited to, information obtained by contacting the issuer, analysts, analysis of the issuer’s financial statements or other available documents. In addition, the Fund may use fair value pricing for securities primarily traded in non-U.S. markets because most foreign markets close well before the Fund values its securities at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The earlier close of these foreign markets gives rise to the possibility that significant events, including broad market moves, may have occurred in the interim and may materially affect the value of those securities. To account for this, the Fund generally values many of its foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available.
2. Fair Value Measurements
In accordance with U.S. GAAP regarding fair value measurements, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability (including those valued based on their market values as described in Note A.1 above). Inputs may be observable or unobservable and refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Fund. Unobservable inputs reflect the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. Each investment is assigned a level based upon the observability of the inputs which are significant to the overall valuation. The three-tier hierarchy of inputs is summarized below.
| • | | Level 1—quoted prices in active markets for identical investments |
| • | | Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.) |
| • | | Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) |
Where readily available market prices or relevant bid prices are not available for certain equity investments, such investments may be valued based on similar publicly traded investments, movements in relevant indices since last available prices or based upon underlying company fundamentals and
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 23 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
comparable company data (such as multiples to earnings or other multiples to equity). Where an investment is valued using an observable input, such as another publicly traded security, the investment will be classified as Level 2. If management determines that an adjustment is appropriate based on restrictions on resale, illiquidity or uncertainty, and such adjustment is a significant component of the valuation, the investment will be classified as Level 3. An investment will also be classified as Level 3 where management uses company fundamentals and other significant inputs to determine the valuation.
The following table summarizes the valuation of the Fund’s investments by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of November 30, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in Securities: | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stocks(a) | | $ | 2,831,631,942 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 2,831,631,942 | |
Short-Term Investments | | | 15,429,571 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 15,429,571 | |
Investments of Cash Collateral for Securities Loaned in Affiliated Money Market Fund | | | 49,755,300 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 49,755,300 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Investments in Securities | | | 2,896,816,813 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 2,896,816,813 | |
Other Financial Instruments(b) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 2,896,816,813 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 2,896,816,813 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | See Portfolio of Investments for sector classifications. |
(b) | Other financial instruments are derivative instruments, such as futures, forwards and swaps, which are valued at the unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on the instrument. Other financial instruments may also include swaps with upfront premiums, written options and written swaptions which are valued at market value. |
3. Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and commitments under forward currency exchange contracts are translated into U.S. dollars at the mean of the quoted bid and ask prices of such currencies against the U.S. dollar. Purchases and sales of portfolio securities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange prevailing when such securities were acquired or sold. Income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at rates of exchange prevailing when accrued.
Net realized gain or loss on foreign currency transactions represents foreign exchange gains and losses from sales and maturities of foreign fixed income investments, holding of foreign currencies, currency gains or losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on foreign investment transactions, and the difference between the amounts of dividends, interest and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the Fund’s books and
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24 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized currency gains and losses from valuing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities at period end exchange rates are reflected as a component of net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.
4. Taxes
It is the Fund’s policy to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute all of its investment company taxable income and net realized gains, if any, to shareholders. Therefore, no provisions for federal income or excise taxes are required. The Fund may be subject to taxes imposed by countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on income and/or capital gains earned or repatriated. Taxes are accrued and applied to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized appreciation/depreciation as such income and/or gains are earned.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements regarding accounting for uncertainties in income taxes, management has analyzed the Fund’s tax positions taken or expected to be taken on federal and state income tax returns for all open tax years (the current and the prior three tax years) and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the Fund’s financial statements.
5. Investment Income and Investment Transactions
Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date or as soon as the Fund is informed of the dividend. Interest income is accrued daily. Investment transactions are accounted for on the date the securities are purchased or sold. Investment gains or losses are determined on the identified cost basis. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date at the fair value of the securities received. The Fund amortizes premiums and accretes discounts as adjustments to interest income. The Fund accounts for distributions received from REIT investments or from regulated investment companies as dividend income, realized gain, or return of capital based on information provided by the REIT or the investment company.
6. Class Allocations
All income earned and expenses incurred by the Fund are borne on a pro-rata basis by each outstanding class of shares, based on the proportionate interest in the Fund represented by the net assets of such class, except for class specific expenses which are allocated to the respective class. Expenses of the Trust are charged proportionately to each fund or based on other appropriate methods. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are allocated among the various share classes based on respective net assets.
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 25 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
7. Dividends and Distributions
Dividends and distributions to shareholders, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Income dividends and capital gains distributions are determined in accordance with federal tax regulations and may differ from those determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. To the extent these differences are permanent, such amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax basis treatment; temporary differences do not require such reclassification.
NOTE B
Advisory Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Under the terms of the investment advisory agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an advisory fee at an annual rate of .75% of the first $2.5 billion, .65% of the next $2.5 billion and .60% in excess of $5 billion of the Fund’s average daily net assets. The fee is accrued daily and paid monthly.
Pursuant to the investment advisory agreement, the Fund may reimburse the Adviser for certain legal and accounting services provided to the Fund by the Adviser. For the year ended November 30, 2022, the reimbursement for such services amounted to $100,801.
The Fund compensates AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, under a Transfer Agency Agreement for providing personnel and facilities to perform transfer agency services for the Fund. ABIS may make payments to intermediaries that provide omnibus account services, sub-accounting services and/or networking services. Such compensation retained by ABIS amounted to $800,409 for the year ended November 30, 2022.
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (the “Distributor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, serves as the distributor of the Fund’s shares. The Distributor has advised the Fund that it has retained front-end sales charges of $8,142 from the sale of Class A shares and received $6,465 and $1,407 in contingent deferred sales charges imposed upon redemptions by shareholders of Class A and Class C shares, respectively, for the year ended November 30, 2022.
The Fund may invest in AB Government Money Market Portfolio (the “Government Money Market Portfolio”) which has a contractual annual advisory fee rate of .20% of the portfolio’s average daily net assets and bears its own expenses. The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive .10% of the advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio (resulting in a net advisory fee of .10%) until August 31, 2023. In connection with the investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its advisory fee from the Fund in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the effective advisory fee
| | |
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26 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. For the year ended November 30, 2022, such waiver amounted to $16,071.
A summary of the Fund’s transactions in AB mutual funds for the year ended November 30, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fund | | Market Value 11/30/21 (000) | | | Purchases at Cost (000) | | | Sales Proceeds (000) | | | Market Value 11/30/22 (000) | | | Dividend Income (000) | |
Government Money Market Portfolio | | $ | 23,530 | | | $ | 697,245 | | | $ | 705,345 | | | $ | 15,430 | | | $ | 181 | |
Government Money Market Portfolio* | | | 1,795 | | | | 247,927 | | | | 199,967 | | | | 49,755 | | | | 136 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 65,185 | | | $ | 317 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
* | Investments of cash collateral for securities lending transactions (see Note E). |
During the year ended November 30, 2022, the Adviser reimbursed the Fund $641 for trading losses incurred due to a dividend estimate error.
NOTE C
Distribution Services Agreement
The Fund has adopted a Distribution Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Under the Agreement, the Fund pays distribution and servicing fees to the Distributor at an annual rate of up to .30% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares, 1% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class C shares, .50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class R shares and .25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class K shares. There are no distribution and servicing fees on the Advisor Class, Class I and Class Z shares. Payments under the Agreement in respect of Class A shares are limited to an annual rate of ..25% of Class A shares’ average daily net assets. The fees are accrued daily and paid monthly. The Agreement provides that the Distributor will use such payments in their entirety for distribution assistance and promotional activities. Since the commencement of the Fund’s operations, the Distributor has incurred expenses in excess of the distribution costs reimbursed by the Fund in the amounts of $3,667,707, $2,785,071 and $904,131 for Class C, Class R and Class K shares, respectively. While such costs may be recovered from the Fund in future periods so long as the Agreement is in effect, the rate of the distribution and servicing fees payable under the Agreement may not be increased without a shareholder vote. In accordance with the Agreement,
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 27 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
there is no provision for recovery of unreimbursed distribution costs incurred by the Distributor beyond the current fiscal year for Class A shares. The Agreement also provides that the Adviser may use its own resources to finance the distribution of the Fund’s shares.
NOTE D
Investment Transactions
Purchases and sales of investment securities (excluding short-term investments) for the year ended November 30, 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Purchases | | | Sales | |
Investment securities (excluding U.S. government securities) | | $ | 1,496,961,246 | | | $ | 1,652,892,747 | |
U.S. government securities | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
The cost of investments for federal income tax purposes, gross unrealized appreciation and unrealized depreciation are as follows:
| | | | |
Cost | | $ | 2,602,031,047 | |
| | | | |
Gross unrealized appreciation | | $ | 498,059,768 | |
Gross unrealized depreciation | | | (203,274,002 | ) |
| | | | |
Net unrealized appreciation | | $ | 294,785,766 | |
| | | | |
1. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Fund may use derivatives in an effort to earn income and enhance returns, to replace more traditional direct investments, to obtain exposure to otherwise inaccessible markets (collectively, “investment purposes”), or to hedge or adjust the risk profile of its portfolio.
The Fund did not engage in derivatives transactions for the year ended November 30, 2022.
2. Currency Transactions
The Fund may invest in non-U.S. Dollar-denominated securities on a currency hedged or unhedged basis. The Fund may seek investment opportunities by taking long or short positions in currencies through the use of currency-related derivatives, including forward currency exchange contracts, futures and options on futures, swaps, and other options. The Fund may enter into transactions for investment opportunities when it anticipates that a foreign currency will appreciate or depreciate in value but securities denominated in that currency are not held by the Fund and do not present attractive investment opportunities. Such transactions may also be used when the Adviser believes that it may be more efficient than a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated security. The Fund may also conduct currency exchange contracts on a spot basis (i.e., for cash at the spot rate prevailing in the currency exchange market for buying or selling currencies).
| | |
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28 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE E
Securities Lending
The Fund may enter into securities lending transactions. Under the Fund’s securities lending program, all loans of securities will be collateralized continually by cash collateral and/or non-cash collateral. Non-cash collateral will include only securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities. The Fund cannot sell or repledge any non-cash collateral, such collateral will not be reflected in the portfolio of investments. If a loan is collateralized by cash, the Fund will be compensated for the loan from a portion of the net return from the income earned on cash collateral after a rebate is paid to the borrower (in some cases, this rebate may be a “negative rebate” or fee paid by the borrower to the Fund in connection with the loan), and payments are made for fees of the securities lending agent and for certain other administrative expenses. If the Fund receives non-cash collateral, the Fund will receive a fee from the borrower generally equal to a negotiated percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. The Fund will have the right to call a loan and obtain the securities loaned at any time on notice to the borrower within the normal and customary settlement time for the securities. While the securities are on loan, the borrower is obligated to pay the Fund amounts equal to any dividend income or other distributions from the securities; however, these distributions will not be afforded the same preferential tax treatment as qualified dividends. The Fund will not be able to exercise voting rights with respect to any securities during the existence of a loan, but will have the right to regain ownership of loaned securities in order to exercise voting or other ownership rights. Collateral received and securities loaned are marked to market daily to ensure that the securities loaned are secured by collateral. The lending agent currently invests the cash collateral received in Government Money Market Portfolio, an eligible money market vehicle, in accordance with the investment restrictions of the Fund, and as approved by the Board. The collateral received on securities loaned is recorded as an asset as well as a corresponding liability in the statement of assets and liabilities. The collateral will be adjusted the next business day to maintain the required collateral amount. The amounts of securities lending income from the borrowers and Government Money Market Portfolio are reflected in the statement of operations. When the Fund earns net securities lending income from Government Money Market Portfolio, the income is inclusive of a rebate expense paid to the borrower. In connection with the cash collateral investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has agreed to waive a portion of the Fund’s share of the advisory fees of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. When the Fund lends securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned. A principal risk of lending portfolio securities is that the borrower may fail to return the loaned
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 29 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
securities upon termination of the loan and that the collateral will not be sufficient to replace the loaned securities. The lending agent has agreed to indemnify the Fund in the case of default of any securities borrower.
A summary of the Fund’s transactions surrounding securities lending for the year ended November 30, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Government Money Market Portfolio | |
Market Value of Securities on Loan* | | | Cash Collateral* | | | Market Value of Non-Cash Collateral* | | | Income from Borrowers | | | Income Earned | | | Advisory Fee Waived | |
$ | 211,314,205 | | | $ | 49,755,300 | | | $ | 163,928,101 | | | $ | 469,891 | | | $ | 136,212 | | | $ | 2,081 | |
* | As of November 30, 2022. |
NOTE F
Shares of Beneficial Interest
Transactions in shares of beneficial interest for each class were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | | | | Amount | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | | | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Class A | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 1,210,380 | | | | 2,135,147 | | | | | | | $ | 28,049,850 | | | $ | 53,838,281 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 1,085,927 | | | | 66,393 | | | | | | | | 27,083,009 | | | | 1,344,465 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares converted from Class C | | | 72,597 | | | | 338,615 | | | | | | | | 1,672,832 | | | | 8,708,148 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (3,174,655 | ) | | | (3,431,160 | ) | | | | | | | (71,958,978 | ) | | | (83,793,329 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (805,751 | ) | | | (891,005 | ) | | | | | | $ | (15,153,287 | ) | | $ | (19,902,435 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class C | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 127,492 | | | | 260,804 | | | | | | | $ | 2,424,379 | | | $ | 5,691,267 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 57,670 | | | | – 0 | – | | | | | | | 1,217,999 | | | | – 0 | – | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares converted to Class A | | | (85,920 | ) | | | (395,489 | ) | | | | | | | (1,672,832 | ) | | | (8,708,148 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (195,382 | ) | | | (168,759 | ) | | | | | | | (3,747,251 | ) | | | (3,544,558 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (96,140 | ) | | | (303,444 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1,777,705 | ) | | $ | (6,561,439 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |
| |
30 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | | | | Amount | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | | | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Advisor Class | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 9,607,167 | | | | 15,628,283 | | | | | | | $ | 229,967,399 | | | $ | 400,721,198 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 5,066,090 | | | | 355,734 | | | | | | | | 130,046,545 | | | | 7,395,709 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (14,390,966 | ) | | | (13,204,620 | ) | | | | | | | (333,729,584 | ) | | | (334,684,471 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net increase | | | 282,291 | | | | 2,779,397 | | | | | | | $ | 26,284,360 | | | $ | 73,432,436 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class R | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 284,014 | | | | 325,104 | | | | | | | $ | 6,422,492 | | | $ | 7,804,821 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 157,808 | | | | 3,735 | | | | | | | | 3,790,542 | | | | 73,075 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (513,219 | ) | | | (909,027 | ) | | | | | | | (11,401,746 | ) | | | (21,359,825 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (71,397 | ) | | | (580,188 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1,188,712 | ) | | $ | (13,481,929 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class K | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 314,256 | | | | 446,171 | | | | | | | $ | 7,230,321 | | | $ | 10,841,577 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 98,428 | | | | 6,021 | | | | | | | | 2,411,472 | | | | 119,933 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (655,564 | ) | | | (685,337 | ) | | | | | | | (14,619,650 | ) | | | (16,009,473 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (242,880 | ) | | | (233,145 | ) | | | | | | $ | (4,977,857 | ) | | $ | (5,047,963 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class I | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 1,512,892 | | | | 2,226,693 | | | | | | | $ | 33,624,535 | | | $ | 54,740,747 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 575,377 | | | | 73,666 | | | | | | | | 14,206,069 | | | | 1,477,748 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (1,948,967 | ) | | | (5,776,663 | ) | | | | | | | (43,326,522 | ) | | | (141,684,317 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) | | | 139,302 | | | | (3,476,304 | ) | | | | | | $ | 4,504,082 | | | $ | (85,465,822 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class Z | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 5,157,313 | | | | 5,668,027 | | | | | | | $ | 114,943,185 | | | $ | 140,463,857 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 3,747,823 | | | | 408,983 | | | | | | | | 92,308,884 | | | | 8,187,843 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (5,248,294 | ) | | | (15,512,697 | ) | | | | | | | (117,281,513 | ) | | | (377,239,402 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) | | | 3,656,842 | | | | (9,435,687 | ) | | | | | | $ | 89,970,556 | | | $ | (228,587,702 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 31 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE G
Risks Involved in Investing in the Fund
Market Risk—The value of the Fund’s investments will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events, including public health crises (including the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness) and regional and global conflicts, that affect large portions of the market. It includes the risk that a particular style of investing, such as the Fund’s value approach, may be underperforming the market generally.
Capitalization Risk—Investments in small- and mid-capitalization companies may be more volatile than investments in large-capitalization companies. Investments in small-capitalization companies may have additional risks because these companies have limited product lines, markets or financial resources.
Foreign (Non-U.S.) Risk—Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve more risk than those of U.S. issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
Currency Risk—Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.
Derivatives Risk—Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. A short position in a derivative instrument involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the value of the underlying instrument, which could cause the Fund to suffer a (potentially unlimited) loss. Derivatives, especially over-the-counter derivatives, are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable or unwilling to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund.
LIBOR Transition and Associated Risk—A Fund may be exposed to debt securities, derivatives or other financial instruments that utilize the London Interbank Offered Rate, or “LIBOR,” as a “benchmark” or “reference rate” for various interest rate calculations. In 2017, the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced a desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021. The FCA and LIBOR’s administrator, ICE Benchmark Administration, have since announced that most LIBOR settings (which reflect LIBOR rates quoted in different currencies over various time periods) will no longer be published after the end of 2021 but that the most widely used U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will continue to be published until June 30, 2023. However,
| | |
| |
32 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
banks were strongly encouraged to cease entering into agreements with counterparties referencing LIBOR by the end of 2021. It is possible that a subset of LIBOR settings will be published after these dates on a “synthetic” basis, but any such publications would be considered non-representative of the underlying market. Since 2018 the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has published the secured overnight funding rate (referred to as SOFR), which is intended to replace U.S. Dollar LIBOR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement (repo) market and has been used increasingly on a voluntary basis in new instruments and transactions. In addition, on March 15, 2022, the Adjustable Interest Rate Act was signed into law. This law provides a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR with a benchmark rate that is selected by the Federal Reserve Board and based on SOFR for certain contracts that reference LIBOR without adequate fallback provisions.
The elimination of LIBOR or changes to other reference rates or any other changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of reference rates could have an adverse impact on the market for, or value of, any securities or payments linked to those reference rates, which may adversely affect a Fund’s performance and/or net asset value. Uncertainty and risk also remain regarding the willingness and ability of issuers and lenders to include revised provisions in new and existing contracts or instruments. Consequently, the transition from LIBOR to other reference rates may lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that are tied to LIBOR, fluctuations in values of LIBOR-related investments or investments in issuers that utilize LIBOR, increased difficulty in borrowing or refinancing and diminished effectiveness of hedging strategies, potentially adversely affecting a Fund’s performance. Furthermore, the risks associated with the expected discontinuation of LIBOR and transition may be exacerbated if the work necessary to effect an orderly transition to an alternative reference rate is not completed in a timely manner. Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known.
Indemnification Risk—In the ordinary course of business, the Fund enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. However, the Fund has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these indemnification provisions and expects the risk of loss thereunder to be remote. Therefore, the Fund has not accrued any liability in connection with these indemnification provisions.
Management Risk—The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively-managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results.
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 33 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Some of these techniques may incorporate, or rely upon, quantitative models, but there is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce risk or otherwise perform as expected.
NOTE H
Joint Credit Facility
A number of open-end mutual funds managed by the Adviser, including the Fund, participate in a $325 million revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) intended to provide short-term financing related to redemptions and other short term liquidity requirements, subject to certain restrictions. Commitment fees related to the Facility are paid by the participating funds and are included in miscellaneous expenses in the statement of operations. The Fund did not utilize the Facility during the year ended November 30, 2022.
NOTE I
Distributions to Shareholders
The tax character of distributions paid during the fiscal years ended November 30, 2022 and November 30, 2021 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | |
Distributions paid from: | | | | | | | | |
Ordinary income | | $ | 233,593,877 | | | $ | 21,294,020 | |
Net long-term capital gains | | | 69,541,032 | | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | |
Total taxable distributions | | $ | 303,134,909 | | | $ | 21,294,020 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As of November 30, 2022, the components of accumulated earnings (deficit) on a tax basis were as follows:
| | | | |
Undistributed ordinary income | | $ | 26,286,620 | |
Undistributed capital gains | | | 162,856,710 | |
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | | 294,786,526 | (a) |
| | | | |
Total accumulated earnings (deficit) | | $ | 483,929,856 | |
| | | | |
(a) | The differences between book-basis and tax-basis unrealized appreciation (depreciation) are attributable primarily to the tax deferral of losses on wash sales. |
For tax purposes, net realized capital losses may be carried over to offset future capital gains, if any. Funds are permitted to carry forward capital losses for an indefinite period, and such losses will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses. As of November 30, 2022, the Fund did not have any capital loss carryforwards.
During the current fiscal year, permanent differences primarily due to the utilization of earnings and profits distributed to shareholders on redemption of shares and contributions from the Adviser resulted in a net decrease in distributable earnings and a net increase in additional paid-in capital. These reclassifications had no effect on net assets.
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34 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE J
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Accounting Standards Update, ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden due to the discontinuation of the LIBOR and other interbank-offered based reference rates. ASU 2020-04 is effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. Management is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of applying ASU 2020-04.
NOTE K
Subsequent Events
Management has evaluated subsequent events for possible recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through the date the financial statements are issued. Management has determined that there are no material events that would require disclosure in the Fund’s financial statements through this date.
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 35 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class A | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 26.15 | | | | $ 19.27 | | | | $ 20.27 | | | | $ 22.06 | | | | $ 24.15 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .17 | | | | .20 | | | | .14 | | | | .12 | | | | .07 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.73 | ) | | | 6.79 | | | | (.34 | ) | | | .21 | | | | (.69 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.56 | ) | | | 6.99 | | | | (.20 | ) | | | .33 | | | | (.62 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.22 | ) | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.06 | ) | | | (.04 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.40 | ) | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.80 | ) | | | (2.12 | ) | | | (1.47 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 22.19 | | | | $ 26.15 | | | | $ 19.27 | | | | $ 20.27 | | | | $ 22.06 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (6.98 | )% | | | 36.43 | % | | | (1.09 | )% | | | 2.58 | % | | | (2.57 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $260,309 | | | | $327,794 | | | | $258,777 | | | | $368,201 | | | | $422,764 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.08 | % | | | 1.08 | % | | | 1.15 | % | | | 1.12 | % | | | 1.10 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.08 | % | | | 1.08 | % | | | 1.15 | % | | | 1.13 | % | | | 1.10 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | .75 | % | | | .82 | % | | | .87 | % | | | .64 | % | | | .30 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
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36 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class C | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 22.30 | | | | $ 16.47 | | | | $ 17.42 | | | | $ 19.34 | | | | $ 21.46 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income (loss)(a)(b) | | | (.00 | )(c) | | | .01 | | | | .02 | | | | (.02 | ) | | | (.09 | ) |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.45 | ) | | | 5.82 | | | | (.32 | ) | | | .16 | | | | (.60 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.45 | ) | | | 5.83 | | | | (.30 | ) | | | .14 | | | | (.69 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.01 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.01 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.19 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.65 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 18.66 | | | | $ 22.30 | | | | $ 16.47 | | | | $ 17.42 | | | | $ 19.34 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (7.70 | )% | | | 35.40 | % | | | (1.85 | )% | | | 1.84 | % | | | (3.31 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $9,541 | | | | $13,548 | | | | $15,006 | | | | $36,124 | | | | $59,761 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.83 | % | | | 1.83 | % | | | 1.90 | % | | | 1.88 | % | | | 1.85 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.83 | % | | | 1.83 | % | | | 1.90 | % | | | 1.88 | % | | | 1.85 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income (loss)(b) | | | (.02 | )% | | | .03 | % | | | .12 | % | | | (.10 | )% | | | (.44 | )% |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 37 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Advisor Class | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 26.90 | | | | $ 19.83 | | | | $ 20.83 | | | | $ 22.62 | | | | $ 24.72 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .23 | | | | .27 | | | | .19 | | | | .18 | | | | .13 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.78 | ) | | | 6.96 | | | | (.34 | ) | | | .21 | | | | (.71 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.55 | ) | | | 7.23 | | | | (.15 | ) | | | .39 | | | | (.58 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.28 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.21 | ) | | | (.12 | ) | | | (.09 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.46 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.85 | ) | | | (2.18 | ) | | | (1.52 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 22.89 | | | | $ 26.90 | | | | $ 19.83 | | | | $ 20.83 | | | | $ 22.62 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (6.78 | )% | | | 36.76 | % | | | (.82 | )% | | | 2.83 | % | | | (2.34 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $1,485,483 | | | | $1,738,004 | | | | $1,225,735 | | | | $1,310,091 | | | | $1,349,282 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | .83 | % | | | .83 | % | | | .90 | % | | | .87 | % | | | .85 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | .83 | % | | | .83 | % | | | .90 | % | | | .88 | % | | | .85 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.07 | % | | | 1.10 | % | | | .89 | % | | | .56 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
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38 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class R | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 25.16 | | | | $ 18.55 | | | | $ 19.54 | | | | $ 21.36 | | | | $ 23.48 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income (loss)(a)(b) | | | .07 | | | | .09 | | | | .07 | | | | .05 | | | | (.02 | ) |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.68 | ) | | | 6.55 | | | | (.34 | ) | | | .19 | | | | (.67 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.61 | ) | | | 6.64 | | | | (.27 | ) | | | .24 | | | | (.69 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.09 | ) | | | (.03 | ) | | | (.08 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.27 | ) | | | (.03 | ) | | | (.72 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 21.28 | | | | $ 25.16 | | | | $ 18.55 | | | | $ 19.54 | | | | $ 21.36 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (7.42 | )% | | | 35.79 | % | | | (1.43 | )% | | | 2.16 | % | | | (3.01 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $34,034 | | | | $42,024 | | | | $41,762 | | | | $60,911 | | | | $74,104 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.52 | % | | | 1.51 | % | | | 1.54 | % | | | 1.52 | % | | | 1.51 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.52 | % | | | 1.52 | % | | | 1.55 | % | | | 1.53 | % | | | 1.52 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income (loss)(b) | | | .30 | % | | | .37 | % | | | .46 | % | | | .24 | % | | | (.11 | )% |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 39 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class K | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 25.69 | | | | $ 18.94 | | | | $ 19.94 | | | | $ 21.74 | | | | $ 23.80 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .13 | | | | .17 | | | | .13 | | | | .10 | | | | .05 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.70 | ) | | | 6.67 | | | | (.35 | ) | | | .21 | | | | (.68 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.57 | ) | | | 6.84 | | | | (.22 | ) | | | .31 | | | | (.63 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.17 | ) | | | (.09 | ) | | | (.14 | ) | | | (.05 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.35 | ) | | | (.09 | ) | | | (.78 | ) | | | (2.11 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 21.77 | | | | $ 25.69 | | | | $ 18.94 | | | | $ 19.94 | | | | $ 21.74 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (7.12 | )% | | | 36.21 | % | | | (1.13 | )% | | | 2.48 | % | | | (2.69 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $17,616 | | | | $27,024 | | | | $24,349 | | | | $31,724 | | | | $37,062 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.21 | % | | | 1.21 | % | | | 1.23 | % | | | 1.21 | % | | | 1.20 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | 1.21 | % | | | 1.21 | % | | | 1.24 | % | | | 1.22 | % | | | 1.21 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | .58 | % | | | .68 | % | | | .77 | % | | | .55 | % | | | .20 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
| |
40 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class I | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 25.96 | | | | $ 19.14 | | | | $ 20.13 | | | | $ 21.94 | | | | $ 24.03 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .22 | | | | .25 | | | | .18 | | | | .17 | | | | .12 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.72 | ) | | | 6.73 | | | | (.32 | ) | | | .20 | | | | (.68 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.50 | ) | | | 6.98 | | | | (.14 | ) | | | .37 | | | | (.56 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.27 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.21 | ) | | | (.12 | ) | | | (.10 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.45 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.85 | ) | | | (2.18 | ) | | | (1.53 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 22.01 | | | | $ 25.96 | | | | $ 19.14 | | | | $ 20.13 | | | | $ 21.94 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (6.81 | )% | | | 36.71 | % | | | (.79 | )% | | | 2.81 | % | | | (2.35 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $132,169 | | | | $152,215 | | | | $178,761 | | | | $231,569 | | | | $222,060 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | .86 | % | | | .86 | % | | | .90 | % | | | .88 | % | | | .86 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | .86 | % | | | .86 | % | | | .90 | % | | | .88 | % | | | .86 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | .97 | % | | | 1.03 | % | | | 1.11 | % | | | .89 | % | | | .54 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 41 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class Z | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 25.93 | | | | $ 19.12 | | | | $ 20.11 | | | | $ 21.93 | | | | $ 24.01 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .24 | | | | .27 | | | | .20 | | | | .19 | | | | .14 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (1.72 | ) | | | 6.72 | | | | (.33 | ) | | | .19 | | | | (.68 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (1.48 | ) | | | 6.99 | | | | (.13 | ) | | | .38 | | | | (.54 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.29 | ) | | | (.18 | ) | | | (.22 | ) | | | (.14 | ) | | | (.11 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (2.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.64 | ) | | | (2.06 | ) | | | (1.43 | ) |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (2.47 | ) | | | (.18 | ) | | | (.86 | ) | | | (2.20 | ) | | | (1.54 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 21.98 | | | | $ 25.93 | | | | $ 19.12 | | | | $ 20.11 | | | | $ 21.93 | |
| | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | (6.71 | )% | | | 36.76 | % | | | (.71 | )% | | | 2.89 | % | | | (2.25 | )% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $905,260 | | | | $972,914 | | | | $897,818 | | | | $939,099 | | | | $781,102 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | .79 | % | | | .78 | % | | | .81 | % | | | .79 | % | | | .77 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e) | | | .79 | % | | | .78 | % | | | .81 | % | | | .79 | % | | | .78 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 1.05 | % | | | 1.11 | % | | | 1.19 | % | | | .97 | % | | | .62 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate. | | | 50 | % | | | 53 | % | | | 52 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 42 | % |
See footnote summary on page 43.
| | |
| |
42 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
(a) | Based on average shares outstanding. |
(b) | Net of expenses waived/reimbursed by the Adviser. |
(c) | Amount is less than $.005. |
(d) | Total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Initial sales charges or contingent deferred sales charges are not reflected in the calculation of total investment return. Total return does not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or the redemption of fund shares. Total investment return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
(e) | In connection with the Fund’s investments in affiliated underlying portfolios, the Fund incurs no direct expenses, but bears proportionate shares of the fees and expenses (i.e., operating, administrative and investment advisory fees) of the affiliated underlying portfolios. The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fees from the Fund in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of certain acquired fund fees and expenses, and for the year ended June 30, 2018, such waiver amounted to .01%. |
* | Includes the impact of proceeds received and credited to the Fund resulting from class action settlements, which enhanced the Fund’s performance for the years ended November 30, 2019 and November 30, 2018 by .05% and .04%, respectively. |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 43 |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Trustees of
AB Discovery Value Fund
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of AB Discovery Value Fund (the “Fund”) (one of the funds constituting AB Trust (the “Trust”)), including the portfolio of investments, as of November 30, 2022, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund (one of the funds constituting AB Trust) at November 30, 2022, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and its financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Trust’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Trust in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Trust is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and
| | |
| |
44 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM (continued)
disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of November 30, 2022, by correspondence with the custodian, brokers and others; when replies were not received from brokers or others, we performed other auditing procedures. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the auditor of one or more of the AB investment companies since 1968.
New York, New York
January 26, 2023
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 45 |
2022 FEDERAL TAX INFORMATION
(unaudited)
For Federal income tax purposes, the following information is furnished with respect to the distributions paid by the Fund during the taxable year ended November 30, 2022. For individual shareholders, the Fund designates 20.93% of dividends paid as qualified dividend income. For corporate shareholders, 20.62% of dividends paid qualify for the dividends received deduction. The Fund designates $69,541,032 of dividends paid as long-term capital gain dividends.
Shareholders should not use the above information to prepare their income tax returns. The information necessary to complete your income tax returns will be included with your Form 1099-DIV which will be sent to you separately in January 2023.
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46 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
| | |
Garry L. Moody(1), Chairman Jorge A. Bermudez(1) Michael J. Downey(1) Onur Erzan, President and Chief Executive Officer | | Nancy P. Jacklin(1) Jeanette W. Loeb(1) Carol C. McMullen(1) Marshall C. Turner, Jr.(1) |
OFFICERS
| | |
James W. MacGregor(2), Vice President Erik A. Turenchalk(2), Vice President Nancy E. Hay, Secretary Michael B. Reyes, Senior Vice President | | Joseph J. Mantineo, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer Phyllis J. Clarke, Controller Jennifer Friedland, Chief Compliance Officer |
| | |
Custodian and Accounting Agent State Street Bank and Trust Company State Street Corporation CCB/5 1 Iron Street Boston, MA 02210 Principal Underwriter AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. 501 Commerce Street Nashville, TN 37203 Legal Counsel Seward & Kissel LLP One Battery Park Plaza New York, NY 10004 | | Transfer Agent AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. P.O. Box 786003 San Antonio, TX 78278 Toll-Free (800) 221-5672 Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Ernst & Young LLP One Manhattan West New York, NY 1001 |
1 | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee. |
2 | The day-to-day management of, and investment decisions for, the Fund’s portfolio are made by the Adviser’s Small/Mid Cap Value Senior Investment Management Team. Messrs. MacGregor and Turenchalk are the investment professionals with the most significant responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio. |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 47 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Board of Trustees Information
The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the direction of the Board of Trustees. Certain information concerning the Fund’s Trustees is set forth below.
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INTERESTED TRUSTEE | | | |
| | | |
Onur Erzan,# 1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10105
47 (2021) | | Senior Vice President of AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) Head of Global Client Group and Head of Private Wealth. He oversees AB’s entire private wealth management business and third-party institutional and retail franchise, where he is responsible for all client services, sales and marketing, as well as product strategy, management and development worldwide. Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the AB Mutual Funds as of April 1, 2021. He is also a member of the Equitable Holdings Management Committee. Prior to joining the firm in January 2021, he spent 19 years with McKinsey (management consulting firm), most recently as a senior partner and co-leader of its Wealth & Asset Management practice. In addition, he co-led McKinsey’s Banking & Securities Solutions (a portfolio of data, analytics, and digital assets and capabilities) globally. | | | 75 | | | None |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
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48 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE |
| | | |
Garry L. Moody,## Chairman of the Board 70 (2008) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Partner, Deloitte & Touche LLP (1995-2008) where he held a number of senior positions, including Vice Chairman, and U.S. and Global Investment Management Practice Managing Partner; President, Fidelity Accounting and Custody Services Company (1993-1995), where he was responsible for accounting, pricing, custody and reporting for the Fidelity mutual funds; and Partner, Ernst & Young LLP (1975-1993), where he served as the National Director of Mutual Fund Tax Services and Managing Partner of its Chicago Office Tax department. He is a member of the Investment Company Institute’s Board of Governors and the Independent Directors Council’s Governing Council, where he serves as Chairman of its Governance Committee. He is Chairman of the AB Funds and Chairman of the Independent Directors Committees since January 2023 and he has served as a director or trustee, and as Chairman of the Audit Committees, of the AB Funds since 2008. | | | 75 | | | None |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 49 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) |
| | | |
Jorge A. Bermudez,## 71 (2020) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Chief Risk Officer of Citigroup, Inc., a global financial services company, from November 2007 to March 2008, Chief Executive Officer of Citigroup’s Commercial Business Group in North America and Citibank Texas from 2005 to 2007, and a variety of other executive and leadership roles at various businesses within Citigroup prior to then; Chairman (2018) of the Texas A&M Foundation Board of Trustees (Trustee since 2013) and Chairman of the Smart Grid Center Board at Texas A&M University since 2012; director of, among others, Citibank N.A. from 2005 to 2008, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Houston Branch from 2009 to 2011, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas from 2011 to 2017, and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas from 2010 to 2016. He has served as director or trustee of the AB Funds since January 2020. | | | 75 | | | Moody’s Corporation since April 2011 and Chair of its Audit Committee since December 2022 |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Michael J. Downey,## 79 (2005) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Chairman of The Asia Pacific Fund, Inc. (registered investment company) since prior to 2018 until January 2019. From 1987 until 1993, Chairman and CEO of Prudential Mutual Fund Management, director of the Prudential mutual funds, and member of the Executive Committee of Prudential Securities, Inc. He has served as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since 2005. | | | 75 | | | None |
| | |
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50 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) |
| | | |
Nancy P. Jacklin,## 74 (2006) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Professorial Lecturer at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (2008-2015). U.S. Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (which is responsible for ensuring the stability of the international monetary system), (December 2002-May 2006); Partner, Clifford Chance (1992-2002); Sector Counsel, International Banking and Finance, and Associate General Counsel, Citicorp (1985-1992); Assistant General Counsel (International), Federal Reserve Board of Governors (1982-1985); and Attorney Advisor, U.S. Department of the Treasury (1973-1982). Member of the Bar of the District of Columbia and of New York; and member of the Council on Foreign Relations. She has served as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since 2006 and has been Chair of the Governance and Nominating Committees of the AB Funds since August 2014. | | | 75 | | | None |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Jeanette W. Loeb,## 70 (2020) | | Chief Executive Officer of PetCareRx (e-commerce pet pharmacy) from 2002 to 2011 and 2015 to present. Director of New York City Center since 2005. She was a director of AB Multi-Manager Alternative Fund, Inc. (fund of hedge funds) from 2012 to 2018. Formerly, affiliated with Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (financial services) from 1977 to 1994, including as a partner there of from 1986 to 1994. She has served as director or trustee of the AB Funds since April 2020. | | | 75 | | | Apollo Investment Corp. (business development company) since August 2011 |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 51 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) |
| | | |
Carol C. McMullen,## 67 (2016) | | Managing Director of Slalom Consulting (consulting) since 2014, private investor and a member of the Advisory Board of Butcher Box (since 2018). Formerly, member, Partners Healthcare Investment Committee (2010-2019); Director of Norfolk & Dedham Group (mutual property and casualty insurance) from 2011 until November 2016; Director of Partners Community Physicians Organization (healthcare) from 2014 until December 2016; and Managing Director of The Crossland Group (consulting) from 2012 until 2013. She has held a number of senior positions in the asset and wealth management industries, including at Eastern Bank (where her roles included President of Eastern Wealth Management), Thomson Financial (Global Head of Sales for Investment Management), and Putnam Investments (where her roles included Chief Investment Officer, Core and Growth and Head of Global Investment Research). She has served on a number of private company and non-profit boards, and as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since June 2016. | | | 75 | | | None |
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52 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) |
| | | |
Marshall C. Turner, Jr.,## 81 (2005) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Former Chairman and CEO of Dupont Photomasks, Inc. (semi-conductor manufacturing equipment). He was a Director of Xilinx, Inc. (programmable logic semi-conductors and adaptable, intelligent computing) from 2007 through August 2020, and is a former director of 33 other companies and organizations. He has extensive operating leadership and venture capital investing experience, including five interim or full-time CEO roles, and prior service as general partner of institutional venture capital partnerships. He also has extensive non-profit board leadership experience, and currently serves on the board of the George Lucas Educational Foundation. He has served as a director of one AB Fund since 1992, and director or trustee of all AB Funds since 2005. He has served as both Chairman of the AB Funds and Chairman of the Independent Directors Committees from 2014 through December 2022. | | | 75 | | | None |
* | The address for each of the Fund’s disinterested Trustees is c/o AllianceBernstein L.P., Attention: Legal and Compliance Department—Mutual Fund Legal, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105. |
** | There is no stated term of office for the Fund’s Trustees. |
*** | The information above includes each Trustee’s principal occupation during the last five years and other information relating to the experience, attributes and skills relevant to each Trustee’s qualifications to serve as a Trustee, which led to the conclusion that each Trustee should serve as a Trustee for the Fund. |
# | Mr. Erzan is an “interested trustee” of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to his position as a Senior Vice President of the Adviser. |
## | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee. |
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | 53 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
Officers of the Trust
Certain information concerning the Fund’s Officers is listed below.
| | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS* AND AGE | | PRINCIPAL POSITION(S) HELD WITH FUND | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
Onur Erzan 47 | | President and Chief Executive Officer | | See biography above. |
| | | | |
James W. MacGregor 55 | | Vice President | | Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of US Small and Mid-Cap Value Equities. of the Adviser,** with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. He is also Head – US Value Equities since 2019. |
| | | | |
Erik A. Turenchalk
49 | | Vice President | | Senior Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Nancy E. Hay 50 | | Secretary | | Vice President and Counsel of the Adviser**, with which she has been associated since prior to 2018 and Assistant Secretary of ABI**. |
| | | | |
Michael B. Reyes 46 | | Senior Vice President | | Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Joseph J. Mantineo 63 | | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer | | Senior Vice President of AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”)**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Phyllis J. Clarke 62 | | Controller | | Vice President of ABIS**, with which she has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Jennifer Friendland
48 | | Chief Compliance Officer | | Vice President of the Adviser** since 2020 and Mutual Fund Chief Compliance Officer (of all Funds since January 2023 and of the ETF Funds since 2022). Before joining the Adviser** in 2020, she was Chief Compliance Officer at WestEnd Advisors, LLC from prior to 2018 until 2019. |
* | The address for each of the Fund’s Officers is 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105. |
** | The Adviser, ABI and ABIS are affiliates of the Fund. |
The Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) has additional information about the Fund’s Trustees and Officers and is available without charge upon request. Contact your financial representative or AB at (800) 227-4618, or visit www.abfunds.com, for a free prospectus or SAI.
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54 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
Operation and Effectiveness of the Fund’s Liquidity Risk Management Program:
In October 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) adopted the open-end fund liquidity rule (the “Liquidity Rule”). In June 2018 the SEC adopted a requirement that funds disclose information about the operation and effectiveness of their Liquidity Risk Management Program (“LRMP”) in their reports to shareholders.
One of the requirements of the Liquidity Rule is for the Fund to designate an Administrator of the Fund’s Liquidity Risk Management Program. The Administrator of the Fund’s LRMP is AllianceBernstein L.P., the Fund’s investment adviser (the “Adviser”). The Adviser has delegated the responsibility to its Liquidity Risk Management Committee (the “Committee”).
Another requirement of the Liquidity Rule is for the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Fund Board”) to receive an annual written report from the Administrator of the LRMP, which addresses the operation of the Fund’s LRMP and assesses its adequacy and effectiveness. The Adviser provided the Fund Board with such annual report during the first quarter of 2022, which covered the period January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021 (the “Program Reporting Period”).
The LRMP’s principal objectives include supporting the Fund’s compliance with limits on investments in illiquid assets and mitigating the risk that the Fund will be unable to meet its redemption obligations in a timely manner.
Pursuant to the LRMP, the Fund classifies the liquidity of its portfolio investments into one of the four categories defined by the SEC: Highly Liquid, Moderately Liquid, Less Liquid, and Illiquid. These classifications are reported to the SEC on Form N-PORT.
During the Program Reporting Period, the Committee reviewed whether the Fund’s strategy is appropriate for an open-end structure, incorporating any holdings of less liquid and illiquid assets. If the Fund participated in derivative transactions, the exposure from such transactions were considered in the LRMP.
The Committee also performed an analysis to determine whether the Fund is required to maintain a Highly Liquid Investment Minimum (“HLIM”). The Committee also incorporated the following information when determining the Fund’s reasonably anticipated trading size for purposes of liquidity monitoring: historical net redemption activity, a Fund’s concentration in an issuer, shareholder concentration, investment performance, total net assets, and distribution channels.
The Adviser informed the Fund Board that the Committee believes the Fund’s LRMP is adequately designed, has been implemented as intended,
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and has operated effectively since its inception. No material exceptions have been noted since the implementation of the LRMP. During the Program Reporting Period, liquidity in all markets was significantly recovered and improved compared to the prior reporting period which included extreme levels of price volatility and relative illiquidity beginning in March 2020 with COVID-19 impacts. As such, the program operated in a relatively robust and benign liquidity environment experienced in markets during the Program Reporting Period. There were no liquidity events that impacted the Fund or its ability to timely meet redemptions during the Program Reporting Period.
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Information Regarding the Review and Approval of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement
The disinterested trustees (the “directors”) of AB Trust (the “Company”) unanimously approved the continuance of the Company’s Advisory Agreement with the Adviser in respect of AB Discovery Value Fund (the “Fund”) at a meeting held in-person on May 3-5, 2022 (the “Meeting”).
Prior to approval of the continuance of the Advisory Agreement, the directors had requested from the Adviser, and received and evaluated, extensive materials. They reviewed the proposed continuance of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser and with experienced counsel who are independent of the Adviser, who advised on the relevant legal standards. The directors also reviewed additional materials, including comparative analytical data prepared by the Senior Vice President for the Fund. The directors also discussed the proposed continuance in private sessions with counsel.
The directors considered their knowledge of the nature and quality of the services provided by the Adviser to the Fund gained from their experience as directors or trustees of most of the registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, their overall confidence in the Adviser’s integrity and competence they have gained from that experience, the Adviser’s initiative in identifying and raising potential issues with the directors and its responsiveness, frankness and attention to concerns raised by the directors in the past, including the Adviser’s willingness to consider and implement organizational and operational changes designed to improve investment results and the services provided to the AB Funds. The directors noted that they have four regular meetings each year, at each of which they review extensive materials and information from the Adviser, including information on the investment performance of the Fund and the money market fund advised by the Adviser in which the Fund invests a portion of its assets.
The directors also considered all factors they believed relevant, including the specific matters discussed below. During the course of their deliberations, the directors evaluated, among other things, the reasonableness of the advisory fee. The directors did not identify any particular information that was all-important or controlling, and different directors may have attributed different weights to the various factors. The directors determined that the selection of the Adviser to manage the Fund and the overall arrangements between the Fund and the Adviser, as provided in the Advisory Agreement, including the advisory fee, were fair and reasonable in light of the services performed, expenses incurred and such other matters as the directors considered relevant in the exercise of their business
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judgment. The material factors and conclusions that formed the basis for the directors’ determinations included the following:
Nature, Extent and Quality of Services Provided
The directors considered the scope and quality of services provided by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement, including the quality of the investment research capabilities of the Adviser and the other resources it has dedicated to performing services for the Fund. The directors noted that the Adviser from time to time reviews the Fund’s investment strategies and from time to time proposes changes intended to improve the Fund’s relative or absolute performance for the directors’ consideration. They also noted the professional experience and qualifications of the Fund’s portfolio management team and other senior personnel of the Adviser. The directors also considered that the Advisory Agreement provides that the Fund will reimburse the Adviser for the cost to it of providing certain clerical, accounting, administrative and other services to the Fund by employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. Requests for these reimbursements are made on a quarterly basis and subject to approval by the directors. Reimbursements, to the extent requested and paid, result in a higher rate of total compensation from the Fund to the Adviser than the fee rate stated in the Advisory Agreement. The directors noted that the methodology used to determine the reimbursement amounts had been reviewed by an independent consultant retained at the request of the directors. The quality of administrative and other services, including the Adviser’s role in coordinating the activities of the Fund’s other service providers, also was considered. The directors concluded that, overall, they were satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the Fund under the Advisory Agreement.
Costs of Services Provided and Profitability
The directors reviewed a schedule of the revenues and expenses and related notes indicating the profitability of the Fund to the Adviser for calendar years 2020 and 2021 that had been prepared with an expense allocation methodology arrived at in consultation with an independent consultant at the request of the directors. The directors noted the assumptions and methods of allocation used by the Adviser in preparing fund-specific profitability data and understood that there are a number of potentially acceptable allocation methodologies for information of this type. The directors noted that the profitability information reflected all revenues and expenses of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund, including those relating to its subsidiaries that provide transfer agency, distribution and brokerage services to the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of the profitability of the Advisory Agreement with the profitability of fund advisory contracts for unaffiliated funds because comparative information is not generally publicly available and is affected by numerous factors. The directors focused on the profitability of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund before taxes and distribution
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58 | AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
expenses. The directors concluded that the Adviser’s level of profitability from its relationship with the Fund was not unreasonable.
Fall-Out Benefits
The directors considered the other benefits to the Adviser and its affiliates from their relationships with the Fund and the money market fund advised by the Adviser in which the Fund invests, including, but not limited to, benefits relating to soft dollar arrangements (whereby investment advisers receive brokerage and research services from brokers that execute agency transactions for their clients); 12b-1 fees and sales charges received by the Fund’s principal underwriter (which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser) in respect of certain classes of the Fund’s shares; brokerage commissions paid by the Fund to brokers affiliated with the Adviser; and transfer agency fees paid by the Fund to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser. The directors recognized that the Adviser’s profitability would be somewhat lower without these benefits. The directors understood that the Adviser also might derive reputational and other benefits from its association with the Fund.
Investment Results
In addition to the information reviewed by the directors in connection with the Meeting, the directors receive detailed performance information for the Fund at each regular Board meeting during the year.
At the Meeting, the directors reviewed performance information prepared by an independent service provider (the “15(c) service provider”), showing the performance of the Class A Shares of the Fund against a group of similar funds (“peer group”) and a larger group of similar funds (“peer universe”), each selected by the 15(c) service provider, and information prepared by the Adviser showing performance of the Class A Shares against a broad-based securities market index, in each case for the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods ended February 28, 2022 and (in the case of comparisons with the broad-based securities market index) for the period from inception. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s investment performance was acceptable.
Advisory Fees and Other Expenses
The directors considered the advisory fee rate payable by the Fund to the Adviser and information prepared by the 15(c) service provider concerning advisory fee rates payable by other funds in the same category as the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of advisory fees because there are variations in the services that are included in the fees paid by other funds. The directors compared the Fund’s contractual effective advisory fee rate with a peer group median and discussed with the Adviser the reasons it was above the median. The directors also took into account the impact on the advisory fee rate of the administrative expense reimbursement paid to the Adviser in the latest fiscal year.
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The directors also considered the Adviser’s fee schedule for other clients utilizing investment strategies similar to those of the Fund. For this purpose, they reviewed the relevant advisory fee information from the Adviser’s Form ADV and in a report from the Fund’s Senior Vice President and noted the differences between the Fund’s fee schedule, on the one hand, and the Adviser’s institutional fee schedule and the schedule of fees charged by the Adviser to any offshore funds and for services to any sub-advised funds utilizing investment strategies similar to those of the Fund, on the other. The directors noted that the Adviser may, in some cases, agree to fee rates with large institutional clients that are lower than those reviewed by the directors and that they had previously discussed with the Adviser its policies in respect of such arrangements. The directors also compared the advisory fee rate for the Fund with that for another fund advised by the Adviser utilizing similar investment strategies.
The Adviser reviewed with the directors the significantly greater scope of the services it provides to the Fund relative to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients. In this regard, the Adviser noted, among other things, that, compared to institutional and offshore or sub-advisory accounts, the Fund (i) demands considerably more portfolio management, research and trading resources due to significantly higher daily cash flows; (ii) has more tax and regulatory restrictions and compliance obligations; (iii) must prepare and file or distribute regulatory and other communications about fund operations; and (iv) must provide shareholder servicing to retail investors. The Adviser also reviewed the greater legal risks presented by the large and changing population of Fund shareholders who may assert claims against the Adviser in individual or class actions, and the greater entrepreneurial risk in offering new fund products, which require substantial investment to launch, may not succeed, and generally must be priced to compete with larger, more established funds resulting in lack of profitability to the Adviser until a new fund achieves scale. In light of the substantial differences in services rendered by the Adviser to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients as compared to the Fund, and the different risk profile, the directors considered these fee comparisons inapt and did not place significant weight on them in their deliberations.
In connection with their review of the Fund’s advisory fee, the directors also considered the total expense ratio of the Class A shares of the Fund in comparison to a peer group and a peer universe selected by the 15(c) service provider. The Class A expense ratio of the Fund was based on the Fund’s latest fiscal year. The directors noted that it was likely that the expense ratios of some of the other funds in the Fund’s category were lowered by waivers or reimbursements by those funds’ investment advisers, which in some cases might be voluntary or temporary. The directors view expense ratio information as relevant to their evaluation of the Adviser’s services because the Adviser is responsible for coordinating services provided to the Fund by others. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s expense ratio was acceptable.
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Economies of Scale
The directors noted that the advisory fee schedule for the Fund contains breakpoints and that the Fund’s net assets were higher than a breakpoint level. Accordingly, the Fund’s current effective advisory fee rate reflected a reduction due to the breakpoint and would be further reduced to the extent the net assets of the Fund increase. The directors took into consideration prior presentations by an independent consultant on economies of scale in the mutual fund industry and for the AB Funds, and presentations from time to time by the Adviser concerning certain of its views on economies of scale. The directors also had requested and received from the Adviser certain updates on economies of scale in advance of the Meeting. The directors believe that economies of scale may be realized (if at all) by the Adviser across a variety of products and services, and not only in respect of a single fund. The directors noted that there is no established methodology for setting breakpoints that give effect to the fund-specific services provided by a fund’s adviser and to the economies of scale that an adviser may realize in its overall mutual fund business or those components of it which directly or indirectly affect a fund’s operations. The directors observed that in the mutual fund industry as a whole, as well as among funds similar to the Fund, there is no uniformity or pattern in the fees and asset levels at which breakpoints (if any) apply. The directors also noted that the advisory agreements for many funds do not have breakpoints at all. Having taken these factors into account, the directors concluded that the Fund’s breakpoint arrangements were acceptable and provide a means for sharing any economies of scale.
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This page is not part of the Shareholder Report or the Financial Statements.
AB FAMILY OF FUNDS
US EQUITY
CORE
Core Opportunities Fund
Select US Equity Portfolio
Sustainable US Thematic Portfolio
GROWTH
Concentrated Growth Fund
Discovery Growth Fund
Growth Fund
Large Cap Growth Fund
Small Cap Growth Portfolio
VALUE
Discovery Value Fund
Equity Income Fund
Relative Value Fund
Small Cap Value Portfolio
Value Fund
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL EQUITY
CORE
Global Core Equity Portfolio
International Strategic Core Portfolio
Sustainable Global Thematic Fund
Sustainable International Thematic Fund
Tax-Managed Wealth Appreciation Strategy
Wealth Appreciation Strategy
GROWTH
Concentrated International Growth Portfolio
VALUE
All China Equity Portfolio
International Value Fund
FIXED INCOME
MUNICIPAL
High Income Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate California Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate Diversified Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate New York Municipal Portfolio
Municipal Bond Inflation Strategy
Tax-Aware Fixed Income Opportunities Portfolio
National Portfolio
Arizona Portfolio
California Portfolio
Massachusetts Portfolio
Minnesota Portfolio
New Jersey Portfolio
New York Portfolio
Ohio Portfolio
Pennsylvania Portfolio
Virginia Portfolio
TAXABLE
Bond Inflation Strategy
Global Bond Fund
High Income Fund
High Yield Portfolio
Income Fund
Intermediate Duration Portfolio
Limited Duration High Income Portfolio
Short Duration Income Portfolio
Short Duration Portfolio
Sustainable Thematic Credit Portfolio
Total Return Bond Portfolio
ALTERNATIVES
All Market Real Return Portfolio
Global Real Estate Investment Fund
Select US Long/Short Portfolio
MULTI-ASSET
All Market Total Return Portfolio
Emerging Markets Multi-Asset Portfolio
Global Risk Allocation Fund
Sustainable Thematic Balanced Portfolio
CLOSED-END FUNDS
AllianceBernstein Global High Income Fund
AllianceBernstein National Municipal Income Fund
EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS
Tax-Aware Short Duration Municipal ETF
Ultra Short Income ETF
We also offer Government Money Market Portfolio, which serves as the money market fund exchange vehicle for the AB mutual funds. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the Fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the Fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time.
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
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NOTES
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NOTES
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AB DISCOVERY VALUE FUND
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105
800 221 5672
DV-0151-1122
NOV 11.30.22
ANNUAL REPORT
AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND
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Investment Products Offered | | • Are Not FDIC Insured • May Lose Value • Are Not Bank Guaranteed |
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
This shareholder report must be preceded or accompanied by the Fund’s prospectus for individuals who are not current shareholders of the Fund.
You may obtain a description of the Fund’s proxy voting policies and procedures, and information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, without charge. Simply visit AB’s website at www.abfunds.com, or go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “Commission”) website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227 4618.
The Fund files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Commission for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. The Fund’s Form N-PORT reports are available on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. AB publishes full portfolio holdings for the Fund monthly at www.abfunds.com.
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (ABI) is the distributor of the AB family of mutual funds. ABI is a member of FINRA and is an affiliate of AllianceBernstein L.P., the Adviser of the funds.
The [A/B] logo is a registered service mark of AllianceBernstein and AllianceBernstein® is a registered service mark used by permission of the owner, AllianceBernstein L.P.
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FROM THE PRESIDENT | | |
Dear Shareholder,
We’re pleased to provide this report for the AB International Value Fund (the "Fund"). Please review the discussion of Fund performance, the market conditions during the reporting period and the Fund’s investment strategy.
At AB, we’re striving to help our clients achieve better outcomes by:
+ | | Fostering diverse perspectives that give us a distinctive approach to navigating global capital markets |
+ | | Applying differentiated investment insights through a connected global research network |
+ | | Embracing innovation to design better ways to invest and leading-edge mutual-fund solutions |
Whether you’re an individual investor or a multibillion-dollar institution, we’re putting our knowledge and experience to work for you every day.
For more information about AB’s comprehensive range of products and shareholder resources, please log on to www.abfunds.com.
Thank you for your investment in AB mutual funds—and for placing your trust in our firm.
Sincerely,
Onur Erzan
President and Chief Executive Officer, AB Mutual Funds
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 1 |
ANNUAL REPORT
January 10, 2023
This report provides management’s discussion of fund performance for the AB International Value Fund for the annual reporting period ended November 30, 2022.
The Fund’s investment objective is long-term growth of capital.
NAV RETURNS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | 6 Months | | | 12 Months | |
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AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND1,2 | | | | | | | | |
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Class A Shares | | | -0.15% | | | | -4.78% | |
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Class C Shares | | | -0.55% | | | | -5.50% | |
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Advisor Class Shares3 | | | 0.00% | | | | -4.49% | |
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Class R Shares3 | | | -0.31% | | | | -5.03% | |
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Class K Shares3 | | | -0.15% | | | | -4.73% | |
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Class I Shares3 | | | -0.08% | | | | -4.53% | |
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MSCI EAFE Index (net) | | | -3.59% | | | | -10.14% | |
1 | Includes the impact of proceeds received and credited to the Fund resulting from class-action settlements, which enhanced the performance of all share classes of the Fund for the six- and 12-month periods ended November 30, 2022, by 0.01% and 0.01%, respectively. |
2 | The returns shown are based on net asset values calculated for shareholder transactions and may differ from the returns shown in the Financial Highlights, which reflect adjustments made to the net asset values in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. |
3 | Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
INVESTMENT RESULTS
The table above shows the Fund’s performance compared to its benchmark, the Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia and the Far East (“MSCI EAFE”) Index (net), for the six- and 12-month periods ended November 30, 2022.
During the 12-month period, all share classes of the Fund outperformed the benchmark, before sales charges. Security selection drove the outperformance, relative to the benchmark, mainly due to selection within the industrials and consumer-staples sectors, while selection within consumer discretionary and materials detracted. Sector selection also contributed. Gains from an underweight to technology and an overweight to energy added to returns, while an overweight to consumer discretionary and an underweight to health care detracted. Overall country selection (a result of bottom-up security analysis combined with fundamental research) detracted, as an underweight to Australia offset gains from an underweight to Germany.
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During the six-month period, all share classes of the Fund outperformed the benchmark, before sales charges. Security selection was positive, mainly due to selection within financials and real estate, while selection within consumer discretionary and consumer staples was negative. Sector selection was also positive. Overweights to consumer discretionary and consumer staples contributed most, offsetting losses from an overweight to communication services and an underweight to industrials. Overall country selection detracted for the period. An overweight to South Korea detracted most, while an overweight to the US contributed.
The Fund utilized derivatives in the form of currency forwards for hedging purposes, which added to absolute returns for the 12-month period and detracted for the six-month period.
MARKET REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY
US, international and emerging-market stocks declined during the 12-month period ended November 30, 2022. In response to persistently high inflation, central banks—led by the US Federal Reserve (the “Fed”)—took a hawkish pivot, which raised concerns that rapidly rising borrowing costs would slow economic growth significantly and tip global economies into recession. Volatility increased and stocks pulled back after the Fed announced its first interest-rate hike in March 2022, which was followed by five additional rate raises, including four consecutive 0.75% increases. Equity markets began to rebound at the end of the period, after some early evidence of easing inflationary pressures raised hopes that the Fed and other key central banks would soon slow the pace of rate hikes and review the impact of higher rates over a longer time horizon. Against a backdrop of rising rates, growth stocks came under pressure throughout most of the period. Within large-cap markets, growth stocks declined, while value stocks rose and outperformed growth stocks significantly. Large-cap stocks outperformed small-cap stocks on a relative basis, but both declined in absolute terms.
The Fund’s Senior Investment Management Team (the “Team”) continues to identify opportunities against a changing market backdrop. The Team has flexibility to adjust the Fund’s positions in real time when warranted, and to maintain conviction through short-term volatility. As markets face new uncertainties, the Team believes that this disciplined approach is the best way to capture the long-term potential for equities.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of equity securities of established companies selected from more than 40 industries and more than 40 developed and emerging-market countries. These
(continued on next page)
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 3 |
countries currently include the developed nations in Europe and the Far East, Canada, Australia and emerging-market countries worldwide. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests significantly (at least 40%—unless market conditions are not deemed favorable by the Adviser) in securities of non-US companies. In addition, the Fund invests, under normal circumstances, in the equity securities of companies located in at least three countries.
The Fund invests in companies that are determined by the Adviser to be undervalued, using a fundamental value approach. In selecting securities for the Fund’s portfolio, the Adviser uses its fundamental and quantitative research to identify companies whose stocks are priced low in relation to their perceived long-term earnings power.
Currencies can have a dramatic impact on equity returns, significantly adding to returns in some years and greatly diminishing them in others. The Adviser evaluates currency and equity positions separately and may seek to hedge the currency exposure resulting from securities positions when it finds the currency exposure unattractive. To hedge a portion of its currency risk, the Fund may from time to time invest in currency-related derivatives, including forward currency exchange contracts, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, swaps and options. The Adviser may also seek investment opportunities by taking long or short positions in currencies through the use of currency-related derivatives.
The Fund may enter into other derivatives transactions, such as options, futures contracts, forwards and swaps. The Fund may use options strategies involving the purchase and/or writing of various combinations of call and/or put options, including on individual securities and stock indices, futures contracts (including futures contracts on individual securities and stock indices) or shares of exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). These transactions may be used, for example, in an effort to earn extra income, to adjust exposure to individual securities or markets, or to protect all or a portion of the Fund’s portfolio from a decline in value, sometimes within certain ranges.
The Fund may, at times, invest in shares of ETFs in lieu of making direct investments in equity securities. ETFs may provide more efficient and economical exposure to the type of companies and geographic locations in which the Fund seeks to invest than direct investments. The Fund may invest in depositary receipts, instruments of supranational entities denominated in the currency of any country, securities of multinational companies and “semi-governmental securities,” and enter into forward commitments.
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DISCLOSURES AND RISKS
Benchmark Disclosure
The MSCI EAFE Index is unmanaged and does not reflect fees and expenses associated with the active management of a mutual fund portfolio. The MSCI EAFE Index (net, free float-adjusted, market capitalization weighted) represents the equity market performance of developed markets, excluding the US and Canada. MSCI makes no express or implied warranties or representations, and shall have no liability whatsoever with respect to any MSCI data contained herein. The MSCI data may not be further redistributed or used as a basis for other indices, any securities or financial products. This report is not approved, reviewed or produced by MSCI. Net returns reflect the reinvestment of dividends after deduction of non-US withholding tax. An investor cannot invest directly in an index, and its results are not indicative for any specific investment, including the Fund.
A Word About Risk
Market Risk: The value of the Fund’s investments will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events, including public health crises (including the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness) and regional and global conflicts, that affect large portions of the market. It includes the risk that a particular style of investing, such as the Fund’s value approach, may be underperforming the market generally.
Foreign (Non-US) Risk: Investments in securities of non-US issuers may involve more risk than those of US issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
Emerging-Market Risk: Investments in emerging-market countries may have more risk because the markets are less developed and less liquid as well as being subject to increased economic, political, regulatory or other uncertainties.
Currency Risk: Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.
Derivatives Risk: Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. Derivatives, especially over-the-counter derivatives, are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable or unwilling to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund.
Leverage Risk: When the Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, it may be more volatile because leverage tends to exaggerate the
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 5 |
DISCLOSURES AND RISKS (continued)
effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s investments. The Fund may create leverage through the use of reverse repurchase agreements, forward commitments, or by borrowing money.
Management Risk: The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results. Some of these techniques may incorporate, or rely upon, quantitative models, but there is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce risk or otherwise perform as expected.
These risks are fully discussed in the Fund’s prospectus. As with all investments, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
An Important Note About Historical Performance
The investment return and principal value of an investment in the Fund will fluctuate, so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance shown in this report represents past performance and does not guarantee future results. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance information shown. You may obtain performance information current to the most recent month-end by visiting www.abfunds.com.
All fees and expenses related to the operation of the Fund have been deducted. Net asset value (“NAV”) returns do not reflect sales charges; if sales charges were reflected, the Fund’s quoted performance would be lower. SEC returns reflect the applicable sales charges for each share class: a 4.25% maximum front-end sales charge for Class A shares and a 1% 1-year contingent deferred sales charge for Class C shares. Returns for the different share classes will vary due to different expenses associated with each class. Performance assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes.
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HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE
GROWTH OF A $10,000 INVESTMENT IN THE FUND (unaudited)
11/30/2012 TO 11/30/2022
This chart illustrates the total value of an assumed $10,000 investment in AB International Value Fund Class A shares (from 11/30/2012 to 11/30/2022) as compared to the performance of the Fund’s benchmark. The chart reflects the deduction of the maximum 4.25% sales charge from the initial $10,000 investment in the Fund and assumes the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions.
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HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE (continued)
AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURNS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | NAV Returns | | | SEC Returns (reflects applicable sales charges) | |
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CLASS A SHARES | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -4.78% | | | | -8.84% | |
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5 Years | | | -1.62% | | | | -2.46% | |
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10 Years | | | 3.37% | | | | 2.92% | |
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CLASS C SHARES | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -5.50% | | | | -6.44% | |
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5 Years | | | -2.36% | | | | -2.36% | |
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10 Years1 | | | 2.61% | | | | 2.61% | |
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ADVISOR CLASS SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -4.49% | | | | -4.49% | |
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5 Years | | | -1.35% | | | | -1.35% | |
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10 Years | | | 3.65% | | | | 3.65% | |
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CLASS R SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -5.03% | | | | -5.03% | |
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5 Years | | | -1.87% | | | | -1.87% | |
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10 Years | | | 3.12% | | | | 3.12% | |
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CLASS K SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
| | |
1 Year | | | -4.73% | | | | -4.73% | |
| | |
5 Years | | | -1.60% | | | | -1.60% | |
| | |
10 Years | | | 3.42% | | | | 3.42% | |
| | |
CLASS I SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
| | |
1 Year | | | -4.53% | | | | -4.53% | |
| | |
5 Years | | | -1.30% | | | | -1.30% | |
| | |
10 Years | | | 3.80% | | | | 3.80% | |
The Fund’s current prospectus fee table shows the Fund’s total annual operating expense ratios as 1.61%, 2.38%, 1.36%, 1.86%, 1.55% and 1.12% for Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K and Class I shares, respectively, gross of any fee waivers or expense reimbursements. Contractual fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements reduced the Fund’s total annual operating expense ratios to 1.25%, 2.00%, 1.00%, 1.50%, 1.25% and 1.00% for Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K and Class I shares, respectively. These waivers/reimbursements may not be terminated prior to February 28, 2023, and may be extended by the Adviser for additional one-year terms. Absent reimbursements or waivers, performance would have been lower. The Financial Highlights section of this report sets forth expense ratio data for the current reporting period; the expense ratios shown above may differ from the expense ratios in the Financial Highlights section since they are based on different time periods.
1 | Assumes conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares after eight years. |
2 | These share classes are offered at NAV to eligible investors and their SEC returns are the same as their NAV returns. Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
| | |
| |
8 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE (continued)
SEC AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURNS
AS OF THE MOST RECENT CALENDAR QUARTER-END
DECEMBER 31, 2022 (unaudited)
| | | | |
| |
| | SEC Returns (reflects applicable sales charges) | |
| |
CLASS A SHARES | | | | |
| |
1 Year | | | -14.62% | |
| |
5 Years | | | -2.89% | |
| |
10 Years | | | 2.24% | |
| |
CLASS C SHARES | | | | |
| |
1 Year | | | -12.41% | |
| |
5 Years | | | -2.79% | |
| |
10 Years1 | | | 1.92% | |
| |
ADVISOR CLASS SHARES2 | | | | |
| |
1 Year | | | -10.62% | |
| |
5 Years | | | -1.81% | |
| |
10 Years | | | 2.96% | |
| |
CLASS R SHARES2 | | | | |
| |
1 Year | | | -11.04% | |
| |
5 Years | | | -2.30% | |
| |
10 Years | | | 2.44% | |
| |
CLASS K SHARES2 | | | | |
| |
1 Year | | | -10.81% | |
| |
5 Years | | | -2.05% | |
| |
10 Years | | | 2.73% | |
| |
CLASS I SHARES2 | | | | |
| |
1 Year | | | -10.65% | |
| |
5 Years | | | -1.75% | |
| |
10 Years | | | 3.11% | |
1 | Assumes conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares after eight years. |
2 | Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 9 |
EXPENSE EXAMPLE
(unaudited)
As a shareholder of the Fund, you incur two types of costs: (1) transaction costs, including sales charges (loads) on purchase payments, contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions and (2) ongoing costs, including management fees; distribution (12b-1) fees; and other Fund expenses. This example is intended to help you understand your ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in the Fund and to compare these costs with the ongoing costs of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example is based on an investment of $1,000 invested at the beginning of the period and held for the entire period as indicated below.
Actual Expenses
The table below provides information about actual account values and actual expenses. You may use the information, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. Simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number under the heading entitled “Expenses Paid During Period” to estimate the expenses you paid on your account during this period.
Hypothetical Example for Comparison Purposes
The table below also provides information about hypothetical account values and hypothetical expenses based on the Fund’s actual expense ratio and an assumed annual rate of return of 5% before expenses, which is not the Fund’s actual return. The hypothetical account values and expenses may not be used to estimate the actual ending account balance or expenses you paid for the period. You may use this information to compare the ongoing costs of investing in the Fund and other funds by comparing this 5% hypothetical example with the 5% hypothetical examples that appear in the shareholder reports of other funds.
Please note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight your ongoing costs only and do not reflect any transactional costs, such as sales charges (loads), or contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions. Therefore, the hypothetical example is useful in comparing ongoing costs only, and will not help you determine the relative total costs of owning different funds. In addition, if these transactional costs were included, your costs would have been higher.
| | |
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10 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
EXPENSE EXAMPLE (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning Account Value June 1, 2022 | | | Ending Account Value November 30, 2022 | | | Expenses Paid During Period* | | | Annualized Expense Ratio* | |
Class A | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 998.50 | | | $ | 6.26 | | | | 1.25 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,018.80 | | | $ | 6.33 | | | | 1.25 | % |
Class C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 994.50 | | | $ | 10.00 | | | | 2.00 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,015.04 | | | $ | 10.10 | | | | 2.00 | % |
Advisor Class | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,000.00 | | | $ | 5.01 | | | | 1.00 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.05 | | | $ | 5.06 | | | | 1.00 | % |
Class R | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 996.90 | | | $ | 7.51 | | | | 1.50 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,017.55 | | | $ | 7.59 | | | | 1.50 | % |
Class K | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 998.50 | | | $ | 6.26 | | | | 1.25 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,018.80 | | | $ | 6.33 | | | | 1.25 | % |
Class I | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 999.20 | | | $ | 5.01 | | | | 1.00 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.05 | | | $ | 5.06 | | | | 1.00 | % |
* | Expenses are equal to the classes’ annualized expense ratios, multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by 183/365 (to reflect the one-half year period). |
** | Assumes 5% annual return before expenses. |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 11 |
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY
November 30, 2022 (unaudited)
PORTFOLIO STATISTICS
Net Assets ($mil): $106.8
1 | The Fund’s sector and country breakdowns are expressed as a percentage of total investments (excluding security lending collateral) and may vary over time. The Fund also enters into derivative transactions, which may be used for hedging or investment purposes (see “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report for additional details). “Other” country weightings represent 1.8% or less in the following: Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Israel, Luxembourg, Macau, Norway, South Africa and Sweden. |
Please note: The sector classifications presented herein are based on the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) which was developed by Morgan Stanley Capital International and Standard & Poor’s. The components are divided into sector, industry group, and industry sub-indices as classified by the GICS for each of the market capitalization indices in the broad market. These sector classifications are broadly defined. The “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report reflects more specific industry information and is consistent with the investment restrictions discussed in the Fund’s prospectus.
| | |
| |
12 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY (continued)
November 30, 2022 (unaudited)
TEN LARGEST HOLDINGS1
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Company | | U.S. $ Value | | | Percent of Net Assets | |
| | |
Nestle SA (REG) | | $ | 4,137,258 | | | | 3.9 | % |
| | |
Roche Holding AG (Genusschein) | | | 4,066,467 | | | | 3.8 | |
| | |
Shell PLC | | | 3,067,210 | | | | 2.9 | |
| | |
Sanofi | | | 2,833,629 | | | | 2.6 | |
| | |
British American Tobacco PLC | | | 2,449,461 | | | | 2.3 | |
| | |
Natwest Group PLC | | | 2,412,485 | | | | 2.3 | |
| | |
Airbus SE | | | 2,371,676 | | | | 2.2 | |
| | |
Koninklijke Ahold Delhaize NV | | | 2,296,980 | | | | 2.1 | |
| | |
BNP Paribas SA | | | 2,255,547 | | | | 2.1 | |
| | |
Bank of Ireland Group PLC | | | 2,248,187 | | | | 2.1 | |
| | |
| | $ | 28,138,900 | | | | 26.3 | % |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 13 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS
November 30, 2022
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
COMMON STOCKS – 100.1% | | | | | | | | |
Financials – 18.9% | | | | | | | | |
Banks – 16.1% | | | | | | | | |
ABN AMRO Bank NV(a) | | | 152,653 | | | $ | 1,968,600 | |
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria SA | | | 309,140 | | | | 1,821,775 | |
Bank Leumi Le-Israel BM | | | 142,400 | | | | 1,305,381 | |
Bank of Ireland Group PLC | | | 271,126 | | | | 2,248,187 | |
BNP Paribas SA | | | 40,140 | | | | 2,255,547 | |
Erste Group Bank AG | | | 52,880 | | | | 1,655,746 | |
KBC Group NV | | | 36,980 | | | | 2,048,458 | |
Natwest Group PLC | | | 758,569 | | | | 2,412,485 | |
Resona Holdings, Inc. | | | 317,600 | | | | 1,528,494 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 17,244,673 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diversified Financial Services – 1.0% | | | | | | | | |
ORIX Corp. | | | 63,900 | | | | 1,035,318 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Insurance – 1.8% | | | | | | | | |
Suncorp Group Ltd. | | | 234,260 | | | | 1,906,393 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 20,186,384 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Industrials – 17.1% | | | | | | | | |
Aerospace & Defense – 5.3% | | | | | | | | |
Airbus SE | | | 20,660 | | | | 2,371,676 | |
Saab AB – Class B | | | 35,010 | | | | 1,302,383 | |
Safran SA | | | 16,080 | | | | 1,987,258 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 5,661,317 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Electrical Equipment – 2.5% | | | | | | | | |
Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | | | 32,400 | | | | 1,342,496 | |
Prysmian SpA | | | 36,440 | | | | 1,284,174 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,626,670 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Industrial Conglomerates – 3.1% | | | | | | | | |
Hitachi Ltd. | | | 29,300 | | | | 1,566,947 | |
Melrose Industries PLC | | | 1,082,218 | | | | 1,750,761 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,317,708 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Machinery – 4.3% | | | | | | | | |
Alstom SA | | | 41,883 | | | | 1,099,678 | |
Amada Co., Ltd. | | | 227,400 | | | | 1,833,278 | |
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. | | | 80,300 | | | | 1,720,776 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 4,653,732 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Professional Services – 1.9% | | | | | | | | |
Dip Corp. | | | 29,800 | | | | 895,728 | |
UT Group Co., Ltd. | | | 57,500 | | | | 1,150,155 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,045,883 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 18,305,310 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Consumer Discretionary – 14.1% | | | | | | | | |
Auto Components – 1.0% | | | | | | | | |
Faurecia SE(b) | | | 65,539 | | | | 1,091,884 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
14 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Automobiles – 3.4% | | | | | | | | |
Stellantis NV | | | 142,697 | | | $ | 2,245,937 | |
Suzuki Motor Corp. | | | 38,500 | | | | 1,388,847 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,634,784 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure – 2.7% | | | | | | | | |
Entain PLC | | | 104,280 | | | | 1,785,245 | |
Galaxy Entertainment Group Ltd. | | | 183,000 | | | | 1,112,541 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,897,786 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Household Durables – 2.5% | | | | | | | | |
Persimmon PLC | | | 53,660 | | | | 831,132 | |
Sony Group Corp. | | | 22,500 | | | | 1,863,902 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,695,034 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Specialty Retail – 1.3% | | | | | | | | |
Kingfisher PLC | | | 452,480 | | | | 1,323,232 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods – 3.2% | | | | | | | | |
Burberry Group PLC | | | 82,370 | | | | 2,177,024 | |
Pandora A/S | | | 16,850 | | | | 1,282,804 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,459,828 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 15,102,548 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Consumer Staples – 11.0% | | | | | | | | |
Food & Staples Retailing – 2.2% | | | | | | | | |
Koninklijke Ahold Delhaize NV | | | 78,820 | | | | 2,296,980 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Food Products – 6.5% | | | | | | | | |
Morinaga & Co., Ltd./Japan | | | 25,500 | | | | 686,989 | |
Nestle SA (REG) | | | 34,760 | | | | 4,137,258 | |
Nomad Foods Ltd.(b) | | | 64,760 | | | | 1,132,652 | |
Salmar ASA | | | 28,180 | | | | 993,325 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 6,950,224 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Tobacco – 2.3% | | | | | | | | |
British American Tobacco PLC | | | 59,740 | | | | 2,449,461 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 11,696,665 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Materials – 9.7% | | | | | | | | |
Chemicals – 3.8% | | | | | | | | |
Arkema SA | | | 17,970 | | | | 1,597,743 | |
Tosoh Corp. | | | 136,400 | | | | 1,619,483 | |
Zeon Corp. | | | 91,800 | | | | 894,626 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 4,111,852 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Construction Materials – 2.1% | | | | | | | | |
CRH PLC | | | 55,200 | | | | 2,219,122 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Metals & Mining – 3.8% | | | | | | | | |
Anglo American PLC | | | 37,510 | | | | 1,559,483 | |
ArcelorMittal SA | | | 50,370 | | | | 1,381,100 | |
Endeavour Mining PLC | | | 52,646 | | | | 1,110,335 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 4,050,918 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 10,381,892 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 15 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Health Care – 8.4% | | | | | | | | |
Health Care Equipment & Supplies – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
ConvaTec Group PLC(a) | | | 424,333 | | | $ | 1,187,209 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Pharmaceuticals – 7.3% | | | | | | | | |
Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.(c) | | | 15,400 | | | | 913,591 | |
Roche Holding AG (Genusschein) | | | 12,450 | | | | 4,066,467 | |
Sanofi | | | 31,370 | | | | 2,833,629 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 7,813,687 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 9,000,896 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Energy – 6.0% | | | | | | | | |
Energy Equipment & Services – 2.9% | | | | | | | | |
Shell PLC | | | 104,940 | | | | 3,067,210 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels – 3.1% | | | | | | | | |
Cameco Corp.(c) | | | 42,950 | | | | 1,046,331 | |
Repsol SA | | | 144,804 | | | | 2,235,820 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,282,151 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 6,349,361 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Communication Services – 5.8% | | | | | | | | |
Diversified Telecommunication Services – 2.9% | | | | | | | | |
Deutsche Telekom AG (REG) | | | 79,310 | | | | 1,613,382 | |
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corp. | | | 53,200 | | | | 1,475,182 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,088,564 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Entertainment – 2.0% | | | | | | | | |
GungHo Online Entertainment, Inc.(c) | | | 53,600 | | | | 817,103 | |
Konami Group Corp. | | | 29,400 | | | | 1,384,424 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,201,527 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Media – 0.9% | | | | | | | | |
Criteo SA (Sponsored ADR)(b) | | | 34,690 | | | | 938,712 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 6,228,803 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Utilities – 3.7% | | | | | | | | |
Electric Utilities – 3.7% | | | | | | | | |
EDP – Energias de Portugal SA | | | 461,824 | | | | 2,191,375 | |
Enel SpA | | | 316,480 | | | | 1,707,341 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,898,716 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Information Technology – 3.2% | | | | | | | | |
Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment – 2.1% | | | | | | | | |
NXP Semiconductors NV | | | 6,450 | | | | 1,134,168 | |
SK Hynix, Inc. | | | 16,100 | | | | 1,062,600 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,196,768 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | | | 24,070 | | | | 1,156,538 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3,353,306 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
16 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Real Estate – 2.2% | | | | | | | | |
Real Estate Management & Development – 2.2% | | | | | | | | |
Aroundtown SA | | | 256,520 | | | $ | 621,797 | |
Daito Trust Construction Co., Ltd. | | | 15,800 | | | | 1,763,038 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 2,384,835 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Common Stocks (cost $108,439,920) | | | | | | | 106,888,716 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS – 1.5% | | | | | | | | |
Investment Companies – 1.5% | | | | | | | | |
AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc. –Government Money Market Portfolio –Class AB, 3.50%(d)(e)(f) (cost $1,604,090) | | | 1,604,090 | | | | 1,604,090 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Investments Before Security Lending Collateral for Securities Loaned – 101.6% (cost $110,044,010) | | | | | | | 108,492,806 | |
| | | | | | | | |
INVESTMENTS OF CASH COLLATERAL FOR SECURITIES LOANED – 0.3% | | | | | | | | |
Investment Companies – 0.3% | | | | | | | | |
AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc. –Government Money Market Portfolio –Class AB, 3.50%(d)(e)(f) (cost $345,254) | | | 345,254 | | | | 345,254 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Total Investments – 101.9% (cost $110,389,264) | | | | | | | 108,838,060 | |
Other assets less liabilities – (1.9)% | | | | | | | (1,993,730 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Assets – 100.0% | | | | | | $ | 106,844,330 | |
| | | | | | | | |
FORWARD CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONTRACTS (see Note D)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Counterparty | | Contracts to Deliver (000) | | | In Exchange For (000) | | | Settlement Date | | | Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | |
Bank of America, NA | | SEK | 31,425 | | | USD | 2,951 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | $ | (41,596 | ) |
Bank of America, NA | | USD | 725 | | | SEK | 7,851 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | 23,070 | |
Bank of America, NA | | BRL | 2,336 | | | USD | 441 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | (8,907 | ) |
Bank of America, NA | | USD | 433 | | | BRL | 2,336 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | 16,673 | |
Bank of America, NA | | CHF | 888 | | | USD | 910 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | (29,420 | ) |
Bank of America, NA | | EUR | 6,383 | | | USD | 6,166 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | (478,792 | ) |
Bank of America, NA | | KRW | 2,368,235 | | | USD | 1,657 | | | | 01/30/2023 | | | | (160,627 | ) |
Bank of America, NA | | USD | 2,465 | | | SEK | 25,832 | | | | 02/03/2023 | | | | 5,682 | |
Barclays Bank PLC | | USD | 1,360 | | | SGD | 1,904 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | 39,671 | |
BNP Paribas SA | | GBP | 619 | | | USD | 738 | | | | 01/18/2023 | | | | (9,169 | ) |
Citibank, NA | | USD | 1,601 | | | SEK | 16,732 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | (8,009 | ) |
Citibank, NA | | EUR | 2,200 | | | USD | 2,155 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | (135,401 | ) |
Citibank, NA | | USD | 523 | | | EUR | 506 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | 3,784 | |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 17 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Counterparty | | Contracts to Deliver (000) | | | In Exchange For (000) | | | Settlement Date | | | Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) | |
Citibank, NA | | CAD | 881 | | | USD | 646 | | | | 01/19/2023 | | | $ | (9,888 | ) |
Citibank, NA | | USD | 5,602 | | | AUD | 8,829 | | | | 01/19/2023 | | | | 403,104 | |
Deutsche Bank AG | | USD | 534 | | | CHF | 525 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | 20,959 | |
Goldman Sachs Bank USA | | JPY | 155,526 | | | USD | 1,081 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | (44,994 | ) |
Goldman Sachs Bank USA | | USD | 508 | | | EUR | 518 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | 31,093 | |
HSBC Bank USA | | ILS | 2,345 | | | USD | 672 | | | | 01/19/2023 | | | | (16,775 | ) |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | BRL | 2,336 | | | USD | 433 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | (16,758 | ) |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | USD | 441 | | | BRL | 2,336 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | 8,907 | |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | USD | 522 | | | JPY | 75,484 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | 25,028 | |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | EUR | 537 | | | USD | 531 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | (28,196 | ) |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | USD | 431 | | | BRL | 2,336 | | | | 01/04/2023 | | | | 16,818 | |
Natwest Markets PLC | | KRW | 328,260 | | | USD | 231 | | | | 01/30/2023 | | | | (21,273 | ) |
Natwest Markets PLC | | USD | 489 | | | CNH | 3,500 | | | | 02/16/2023 | | | | 10,543 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | NOK | 3,864 | | | USD | 375 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | (17,389 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | SEK | 4,935 | | | USD | 441 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | (28,940 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 624 | | | NOK | 6,690 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | 55,373 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 500 | | | SEK | 5,472 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | 20,595 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 605 | | | SEK | 6,305 | | | | 12/01/2022 | | | | (4,850 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | JPY | 622,044 | | | USD | 4,289 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | (215,293 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 3,367 | | | JPY | 485,411 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | 148,071 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | CHF | 753 | | | USD | 799 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | 3,200 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | CHF | 1,105 | | | USD | 1,131 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | (37,574 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 1,224 | | | CHF | 1,196 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | 40,170 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | EUR | 1,936 | | | USD | 1,929 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | (86,377 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 2,201 | | | EUR | 2,190 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | 78,998 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 353 | | | EUR | 339 | | | | 12/08/2022 | | | | (227 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | HKD | 4,511 | | | USD | 575 | | | | 01/12/2023 | | | | (1,914 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | GBP | 271 | | | USD | 328 | | | | 01/18/2023 | | | | 472 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 292 | | | GBP | 247 | | | | 01/18/2023 | | | | 5,891 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | AUD | 355 | | | USD | 224 | | | | 01/19/2023 | | | | (17,305 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 268 | | | AUD | 400 | | | | 01/19/2023 | | | | 3,765 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 482 | | | MXN | 9,410 | | | | 01/19/2023 | | | | 1,586 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | SEK | 2,865 | | | USD | 273 | | | | 02/03/2023 | | | | (608 | ) |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | USD | 284 | | | NOK | 2,826 | | | | 02/03/2023 | | | | 3,414 | |
UBS AG | | USD | 1,247 | | | JPY | 177,724 | | | | 12/02/2022 | | | | 39,713 | |
UBS AG | | USD | 3,070 | | | CHF | 3,001 | | | | 12/07/2022 | | | | 103,611 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (310,091 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | Security is exempt from registration under Rule 144A or Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933. These securities are considered restricted, but liquid and may be resold in transactions exempt from registration. At November 30, 2022, the aggregate market value of these securities amounted to $3,155,809 or 2.9% of net assets. |
(b) | Non-income producing security. |
(c) | Represents entire or partial securities out on loan. See Note E for securities lending information. |
(d) | Affiliated investments. |
(e) | The rate shown represents the 7-day yield as of period end. |
(f) | To obtain a copy of the fund’s shareholder report, please go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227-4618. |
| | |
| |
18 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | |
Currency Abbreviations: AUD – Australian Dollar BRL – Brazilian Real CAD – Canadian Dollar CHF – Swiss Franc CNH – Chinese Yuan Renminbi (Offshore) EUR – Euro GBP – Great British Pound HKD – Hong Kong Dollar ILS – Israeli Shekel JPY – Japanese Yen KRW – South Korean Won MXN – Mexican Peso NOK – Norwegian Krone SEK – Swedish Krona SGD – Singapore Dollar USD – United States Dollar | | |
Glossary:
ADR – American Depositary Receipt
REG – Registered Shares
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 19 |
STATEMENT OF ASSETS & LIABILITIES
November 30, 2022
| | | | |
Assets | | | | |
Investments in securities, at value | | | | |
Unaffiliated issuers (cost $108,439,920) | | $ | 106,888,716 | (a) |
Affiliated issuers (cost $1,949,344—including investment of cash collateral for securities loaned of $345,254) | | | 1,949,344 | |
Foreign currencies, at value (cost $7,665,253) | | | 7,681,974 | |
Unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts | | | 1,110,191 | |
Unaffiliated dividends receivable | | | 583,052 | |
Receivable due from Adviser | | | 15,136 | |
Receivable for shares of beneficial interest sold | | | 9,885 | |
Receivable for investment securities sold and foreign currency transactions | | | 5,602 | |
Affiliated dividends receivable | | | 3,358 | |
| | | | |
Total assets | | | 118,247,258 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities | | | | |
Payable for investment securities purchased and foreign currency transactions | | | 6,117,163 | |
IRS closing agreement fees for foreign tax reclaims (see Note A.4) | | | 3,292,427 | |
Unrealized depreciation on forward currency exchange contracts | | | 1,420,282 | |
Payable for collateral received on securities loaned | | | 345,254 | |
Payable for shares of beneficial interest redeemed | | | 77,888 | |
Administrative fee payable | | | 18,123 | |
Distribution fee payable | | | 16,084 | |
Transfer Agent fee payable | | | 8,310 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 107,397 | |
| | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 11,402,928 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets | | $ | 106,844,330 | |
| | | | |
Composition of Net Assets | | | | |
Paid-in capital | | $ | 222,779,697 | |
Accumulated loss | | | (115,935,367 | ) |
| | | | |
Net Assets | | $ | 106,844,330 | |
| | | | |
Net Asset Value Per Share—unlimited shares authorized, without par value
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class | | Net Assets | | | Shares Outstanding | | | Net Asset Value | |
| |
A | | $ | 68,800,836 | | | | 5,336,436 | | | $ | 12.89 | * |
| |
C | | $ | 938,463 | | | | 74,405 | | | $ | 12.61 | |
| |
Advisor | | $ | 27,309,085 | | | | 2,064,876 | | | $ | 13.23 | |
| |
R | | $ | 4,286,504 | | | | 335,621 | | | $ | 12.77 | |
| |
K | | $ | 4,380,885 | | | | 341,478 | | | $ | 12.83 | |
| |
I | | $ | 1,128,557 | | | | 88,143 | | | $ | 12.80 | |
| |
(a) | Includes securities on loan with a value of $1,754,506 (see Note E). |
* | The maximum offering price per share for Class A shares was $13.46 which reflects a sales charge of 4.25%. |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
20 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended November 30, 2022
| | | | | | | | |
Investment Income | | | | | | | | |
Dividends | | | | | | | | |
Unaffiliated issuers (net of foreign taxes withheld of $442,892) | | $ | 3,545,979 | | | | | |
Affiliated issuers | | | 23,455 | | | | | |
Foreign withholding tax reclaims (see Note A.4) | | | 7,511,955 | | | | | |
Securities lending income | | | 34,450 | | | | | |
IRS closing agreement fees (see Note A.4) | | | (3,330,427 | ) | | $ | 7,785,412 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | |
Advisory fee (see Note B) | | | 824,944 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class A | | | 173,649 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class C | | | 10,038 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class R | | | 22,330 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class K | | | 13,400 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class A | | | 189,993 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class C | | | 3,126 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Advisor Class | | | 78,260 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class R | | | 11,612 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class K | | | 10,720 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class I | | | 223 | | | | | |
Audit and tax | | | 155,149 | | | | | |
Administrative | | | 101,361 | | | | | |
Registration fees | | | 83,127 | | | | | |
Custody and accounting | | | 71,813 | | | | | |
Printing | | | 42,944 | | | | | |
Legal | | | 35,472 | | | | | |
Trustees’ fees | | | 18,895 | | | | | |
Miscellaneous | | | 25,302 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total expenses | | | 1,872,358 | | | | | |
Less: expenses waived and reimbursed by the Adviser (see Notes B & E) | | | (553,881 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net expenses | | | | | | | 1,318,477 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | 6,466,935 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment and Foreign Currency Transactions | | | | | | | | |
Net realized gain (loss) on: | | | | | | | | |
Investment transactions(a) | | | | | | | (1,381,250 | ) |
Forward currency exchange contracts | | | | | | | 905,810 | |
Foreign currency transactions | | | | | | | (101,085 | ) |
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of: | | | | | | | | |
Investments | | | | | | | (12,113,248 | ) |
Forward currency exchange contracts | | | | | | | (293,684 | ) |
Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities | | | | | | | (34,976 | ) |
Net loss on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | | | | | (13,018,433 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Decrease in Net Assets from Operations | | | | | | $ | (6,551,498 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
(a) | Net of foreign realized capital gains taxes of $38,661. |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 21 |
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | |
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets from Operations | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | $ | 6,466,935 | | | $ | 2,970,269 | |
Net realized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (576,525 | ) | | | 14,060,323 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments and foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities | | | (12,441,908 | ) | | | (1,405,954 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net assets from operations | | | (6,551,498 | ) | | | 15,624,638 | |
Distributions to Shareholders | | | | | | | | |
Class A | | | (2,083,908 | ) | | | (586,986 | ) |
Class C | | | (15,455 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
Advisor Class | | | (938,935 | ) | | | (310,439 | ) |
Class R | | | (128,902 | ) | | | (23,282 | ) |
Class K | | | (175,426 | ) | | | (58,644 | ) |
Class I | | | (37,014 | ) | | | (66,285 | ) |
Transactions in Shares of Beneficial Interest | | | | | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (9,126,499 | ) | | | (18,530,391 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total decrease | | | (19,057,637 | ) | | | (3,951,389 | ) |
Net Assets | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | | 125,901,967 | | | | 129,853,356 | |
| | | | | | | | |
End of period | | $ | 106,844,330 | | | $ | 125,901,967 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
22 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2022
NOTE A
Significant Accounting Policies
AB Trust (the “Trust”) is organized as a Massachusetts business trust and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as a diversified, open-end management investment company. The Trust operates as a series company currently comprised of three funds. Each fund is considered to be a separate entity for financial reporting and tax purposes. This report relates only to the AB International Value Fund (the “Fund”), a diversified fund. The Fund offers Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K and Class I shares. Class B share have been authorized but currently are not offered. Class A shares are sold with a front-end sales charge of up to 4.25% for purchases not exceeding $1,000,000. With respect to purchases of $1,000,000 or more, Class A shares redeemed within one year of purchase may be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1%. Class C shares are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1% on redemptions made within the first year after purchase, and 0% after the first year of purchase. Effective May 31, 2021, Class C shares automatically convert to Class A shares eight years after the end of the calendar month of purchase. Prior to May 31, 2021, Class C shares automatically converted to Class A shares 10 years after the end of the calendar month of purchase. Class R and Class K shares are sold without an initial or contingent deferred sales charge. Advisor Class and Class I shares are sold without an initial or contingent deferred sales charge and are not subject to ongoing distribution expenses. All seven classes of shares have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights, except that the classes bear different distribution and transfer agency expenses. Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to its distribution plan. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), which require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Fund is an investment company under U.S. GAAP and follows the accounting and reporting guidance applicable to investment companies. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund.
1. Security Valuation
Portfolio securities are valued at market value determined on the basis of market quotations or, if market quotations are not readily available or are unreliable, at “fair value” as determined in accordance with procedures approved by and under the oversight of the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). Pursuant to these procedures, AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) serves as the Fund’s valuation designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 23 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
of the 1940 Act. In this capacity, the Adviser is responsible, among other things, for making all fair value determinations relating to the Fund’s portfolio investments, subject to the Board’s oversight.
In general, the market values of securities which are readily available and deemed reliable are determined as follows: securities listed on a national securities exchange (other than securities listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”)) or on a foreign securities exchange are valued at the last sale price at the close of the exchange or foreign securities exchange. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the last traded price from the previous day. Securities listed on more than one exchange are valued by reference to the principal exchange on which the securities are traded; securities listed only on NASDAQ are valued in accordance with the NASDAQ Official Closing Price; listed or over the counter (“OTC”) market put or call options are valued at the mid level between the current bid and ask prices. If either a current bid or current ask price is unavailable, the Adviser will have discretion to determine the best valuation (e.g., last trade price in the case of listed options); open futures are valued using the closing settlement price or, in the absence of such a price, the most recent quoted bid price. If there are no quotations available for the day of valuation, the last available closing settlement price is used; U.S. Government securities and any other debt instruments having 60 days or less remaining until maturity are generally valued at market by an independent pricing vendor, if a market price is available. If a market price is not available, the securities are valued at amortized cost. This methodology is commonly used for short term securities that have an original maturity of 60 days or less, as well as short term securities that had an original term to maturity that exceeded 60 days. In instances when amortized cost is utilized, the Valuation Committee (the “Committee”) must reasonably conclude that the utilization of amortized cost is approximately the same as the fair value of the security. Factors the Committee will consider include, but are not limited to, an impairment of the creditworthiness of the issuer or material changes in interest rates. Fixed-income securities, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, may be valued on the basis of prices provided by a pricing service or at a price obtained from one or more of the major broker-dealers. In cases where broker-dealer quotes are obtained, the Adviser may establish procedures whereby changes in market yields or spreads are used to adjust, on a daily basis, a recently obtained quoted price on a security. Swaps and other derivatives are valued daily, primarily using independent pricing services, independent pricing models using market inputs, as well as third party broker-dealers or counterparties. Open-end mutual funds are valued at the closing net asset value per share, while exchange traded funds are valued at the closing market price per share.
| | |
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24 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Securities for which market quotations are not readily available (including restricted securities) or are deemed unreliable are valued at fair value as deemed appropriate by the Adviser. Factors considered in making this determination may include, but are not limited to, information obtained by contacting the issuer, analysts, analysis of the issuer’s financial statements or other available documents. In addition, the Fund may use fair value pricing for securities primarily traded in non-U.S. markets because most foreign markets close well before the Fund values its securities at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The earlier close of these foreign markets gives rise to the possibility that significant events, including broad market moves, may have occurred in the interim and may materially affect the value of those securities. To account for this, the Fund generally values many of its foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available.
2. Fair Value Measurements
In accordance with U.S. GAAP regarding fair value measurements, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability (including those valued based on their market values as described in Note A.1 above). Inputs may be observable or unobservable and refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Fund. Unobservable inputs reflect the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. Each investment is assigned a level based upon the observability of the inputs which are significant to the overall valuation. The three-tier hierarchy of inputs is summarized below.
| • | | Level 1—quoted prices in active markets for identical investments |
| • | | Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.) |
| • | | Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) |
The fair value of debt instruments, such as bonds, and over-the-counter derivatives is generally based on market price quotations, recently executed market transactions (where observable) or industry recognized
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 25 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
modeling techniques and are generally classified as Level 2. Pricing vendor inputs to Level 2 valuations may include quoted prices for similar investments in active markets, interest rates, coupon rates, yield curves, option adjusted spreads, default rates, credit spreads and other unique security features in order to estimate the relevant cash flows which is then discounted to calculate fair values. If these inputs are unobservable and significant to the fair value, these investments will be classified as Level 3.
Where readily available market prices or relevant bid prices are not available for certain equity investments, such investments may be valued based on similar publicly traded investments, movements in relevant indices since last available prices or based upon underlying company fundamentals and comparable company data (such as multiples to earnings or other multiples to equity). Where an investment is valued using an observable input, such as another publicly traded security, the investment will be classified as Level 2. If management determines that an adjustment is appropriate based on restrictions on resale, illiquidity or uncertainty, and such adjustment is a significant component of the valuation, the investment will be classified as Level 3. An investment will also be classified as Level 3 where management uses company fundamentals and other significant inputs to determine the valuation.
The following table summarizes the valuation of the Fund’s investments by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of November 30, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in Securities: | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
Assets: | |
Common Stocks: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financials | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 20,186,384 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 20,186,384 | |
Industrials | | | – 0 | – | | | 18,305,310 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 18,305,310 | |
Consumer Discretionary | | | – 0 | – | | | 15,102,548 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 15,102,548 | |
Consumer Staples | | | 1,132,652 | | | | 10,564,013 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 11,696,665 | |
Materials | | | – 0 | – | | | 10,381,892 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 10,381,892 | |
Health Care | | | – 0 | – | | | 9,000,896 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 9,000,896 | |
Energy | | | 1,046,331 | | | | 5,303,030 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 6,349,361 | |
Communication Services | | | 938,712 | | | | 5,290,091 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 6,228,803 | |
Utilities | | | – 0 | – | | | 3,898,716 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 3,898,716 | |
Information Technology | | | 1,134,168 | | | | 2,219,138 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 3,353,306 | |
Real Estate | | | – 0 | – | | | 2,384,835 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 2,384,835 | |
Short-Term Investments | | | 1,604,090 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 1,604,090 | |
Investments of Cash Collateral for Securities Loaned in Affiliated Money Market Fund | | | 345,254 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 345,254 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Investments in Securities | | | 6,201,207 | | | | 102,636,853 | (a) | | | – 0 | – | | | 108,838,060 | |
Other Financial Instruments(b): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets: | |
Forward Currency Exchange Contracts | | | – 0 | – | | | 1,110,191 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 1,110,191 | |
| | |
| |
26 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in Securities: | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
Liabilities: | |
Forward Currency Exchange Contracts | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | (1,420,282 | ) | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | (1,420,282 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 6,201,207 | | | $ | 102,326,762 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 108,527,969 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | A significant portion of the Fund’s foreign equity investments are categorized as Level 2 investments since they are valued using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available, see Note A.1. |
(b) | Other financial instruments are derivative instruments, such as futures, forwards and swaps, which are valued at the unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on the instrument. Other financial instruments may also include swaps with upfront premiums, written options and written swaptions which are valued at market value. |
3. Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and commitments under forward currency exchange contracts are translated into U.S. dollars at the mean of the quoted bid and ask prices of such currencies against the U.S. dollar. Purchases and sales of portfolio securities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange prevailing when such securities were acquired or sold. Income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at rates of exchange prevailing when accrued.
Net realized gain or loss on foreign currency transactions represents foreign exchange gains and losses from sales and maturities of foreign fixed income investments, holding of foreign currencies, currency gains or losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on foreign investment transactions, and the difference between the amounts of dividends, interest and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the Fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized currency gains and losses from valuing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities at period end exchange rates are reflected as a component of net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.
4. Taxes
It is the Fund’s policy to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute all of its investment company taxable income and net realized gains, if any, to shareholders. Therefore, no provisions for federal income or excise taxes are required. The Fund may be subject to taxes imposed by countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on income and/or capital gains earned or repatriated. Taxes are accrued and applied to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized appreciation/depreciation as such income and/or gains are earned. The Fund files withholding tax reclaims in certain jurisdictions to recover a portion of amounts
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 27 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
previously withheld. The Fund may record a reclaim receivable based on, among other things, a jurisdiction’s legal obligation to pay reclaims as well as payment history and market convention.
In consideration of recent decisions rendered by the European courts, the Fund filed reclaims to recover taxes withheld on dividends earned from certain European Union countries during calendar years 2009 through 2012 (“EU Reclaims”). These filings are subject to various administrative and judicial proceedings within these countries. For the year ended November 30, 2022, The Fund successfully recovered taxes withheld by France and is reflected in the statement of operations. No other amounts for additional tax reclaims are disclosed in the financial statements due to the uncertainty as to the ultimate resolution of proceedings, the likelihood of receipt of these reclaims, and the potential timing of payment.
In the event that EU reclaims received by the Fund during a fiscal year exceed foreign withholding taxes paid by the Fund, and the Fund previously passed through to its shareholders foreign taxes incurred by the Fund to be used as a credit or deduction on a shareholder’s income tax return, the Fund will enter into a closing agreement with the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) in order to pay the associated liability. All closing agreement fees with the IRS related to reclaim amounts received by the fund are reflected as a reduction to income in the statement of operations.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements regarding accounting for uncertainties in income taxes, management has analyzed the Fund’s tax positions taken or expected to be taken on federal and state income tax returns for all open tax years (the current and the prior three tax years) and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the Fund’s financial statements.
5. Investment Income and Investment Transactions
Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date or as soon as the Fund is informed of the dividend. Interest income is accrued daily. Investment transactions are accounted for on the date the securities are purchased or sold. Investment gains or losses are determined on the identified cost basis. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date at the fair value of the securities received. The Fund amortizes premiums and accretes discounts as adjustments to interest income. The Fund accounts for distributions received from REIT investments or from regulated investment companies as dividend income, realized gain, or return of capital based on information provided by the REIT or the investment company.
6. Class Allocations
All income earned and expenses incurred by the Fund are borne on a pro-rata basis by each outstanding class of shares, based on the proportionate interest in the Fund represented by the net assets of such class,
| | |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
except for class specific expenses which are allocated to the respective class. Expenses of the Trust are charged proportionately to each fund or based on other appropriate methods. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are allocated among the various share classes based on respective net assets.
7. Dividends and Distributions
Dividends and distributions to shareholders, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Income dividends and capital gains distributions are determined in accordance with federal tax regulations and may differ from those determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. To the extent these differences are permanent, such amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax basis treatment; temporary differences do not require such reclassification.
NOTE B
Advisory Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Under the terms of the investment advisory agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an advisory fee at an annual rate of .75% of the first $2.5 billion, .65% of the next $2.5 billion and .60% in excess of $5 billion of the Fund’s average daily net assets. The fee is accrued daily and paid monthly. The Adviser has agreed to waive its fees and bear certain expenses to the extent necessary to limit total operating expenses (excluding expenses associated with acquired fund fees and expenses other than the advisory fees of any AB mutual funds in which the Fund may invest, interest expense, taxes, extraordinary expenses, and brokerage commissions and other transaction costs) on an annual basis (the “Expense Caps”) to 1.25%, 2.00%, 1.00%, 1.50%, 1.25% and 1.00% of daily average net assets for Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K, and Class I shares, respectively. For the year ended November 30, 2022, such reimbursements/waivers amounted to $551,876.
Pursuant to the investment advisory agreement, the Fund may reimburse the Adviser for certain legal and accounting services provided to the Fund by the Adviser. For the year ended November 30, 2022, the reimbursement for such services amounted to $101,361.
The Fund compensates AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, under a Transfer Agency Agreement for providing personnel and facilities to perform transfer agency services for the Fund. ABIS may make payments to intermediaries that provide omnibus account services, sub-accounting services and/or networking services. Such compensation retained by ABIS amounted to $108,806 for the year ended November 30, 2022.
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 29 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (the “Distributor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, serves as the distributor of the Fund’s shares. The Distributor has advised the Fund that it has retained front-end sales charges of $334 from the sale of Class A shares and received $94 and $110 in contingent deferred sales charges imposed upon redemptions by shareholders of Class A and Class C shares, respectively, for the year ended November 30, 2022.
The Fund may invest in AB Government Money Market Portfolio (the “Government Money Market Portfolio”) which has a contractual annual advisory fee rate of .20% of the portfolio’s average daily net assets and bears its own expenses. The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive .10% of the advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio (resulting in a net advisory fee of .10%) until August 31, 2023. In connection with the investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its advisory fee from the Fund in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the effective advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. For the year ended November 30, 2022, such waiver amounted to $1,588.
A summary of the Fund’s transactions in AB mutual funds for the year ended November 30, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fund | | Market Value 11/30/21 (000) | | | Purchases at Cost (000) | | | Sales Proceeds (000) | | | Market Value 11/30/22 (000) | | | Dividend Income (000) | |
Government Money Market Portfolio | | $ | 984 | | | $ | 28,804 | | | $ | 28,184 | | | $ | 1,604 | | | $ | 23 | |
Government Money Market Portfolio* | | | 319 | | | | 30,543 | | | | 30,517 | | | | 345 | | | | 1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,949 | | | $ | 24 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
* | Investments of cash collateral for securities lending transactions (see Note E). |
NOTE C
Distribution Services Agreement
The Fund has adopted a Distribution Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Under the Agreement, the Fund pays distribution and servicing fees to the Distributor at an annual rate of up to .30% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares, 1% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class C shares, .50% of the Fund’s
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
average daily net assets attributable to Class R shares and .25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class K shares. There are no distribution and servicing fees on the Advisor Class and Class I shares. Payments under the Agreement in respect of Class A shares are currently limited to an annual rate of .25% of Class A shares’ average daily net assets. The fees are accrued daily and paid monthly. The Agreement provides that the Distributor will use such payments in their entirety for distribution assistance and promotional activities. Since the commencement of the Fund’s operations, the Distributor has incurred expenses in excess of the distribution costs reimbursed by the Fund in the amounts of $6,493,537, $2,379,775 and $2,431,114 for Class C, Class R and Class K shares, respectively. While such costs may be recovered from the Fund in future periods so long as the Agreement is in effect, the rate of the distribution and servicing fees payable under the Agreement may not be increased without a shareholder vote. In accordance with the Agreement, there is no provision for recovery of unreimbursed distribution costs incurred by the Distributor beyond the current fiscal year for Class A shares. The Agreement also provides that the Adviser may use its own resources to finance the distribution of the Fund’s shares.
NOTE D
Investment Transactions
Purchases and sales of investment securities (excluding short-term investments) for the year ended November 30, 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Purchases | | | Sales | |
Investment securities (excluding U.S. government securities) | | $ | 45,114,151 | | | $ | 49,805,092 | |
U.S. government securities | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
The cost of investments for federal income tax purposes, gross unrealized appreciation and unrealized depreciation are as follows:
| | | | |
Cost | | $ | 111,876,479 | |
| | | | |
Gross unrealized appreciation | | $ | 11,022,094 | |
Gross unrealized depreciation | | | (14,023,205 | ) |
| | | | |
Net unrealized depreciation | | $ | (3,001,111 | ) |
| | | | |
1. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Fund may use derivatives in an effort to earn income and enhance returns, to replace more traditional direct investments, to obtain exposure to otherwise inaccessible markets (collectively, “investment purposes”), or to hedge or adjust the risk profile of its portfolio.
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The principal type of derivative utilized by the Fund, as well as the methods in which they may be used are:
| • | | Forward Currency Exchange Contracts |
The Fund may enter into forward currency exchange contracts in order to hedge its exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates on its foreign portfolio holdings, to hedge certain firm purchase and sale commitments denominated in foreign currencies and for non-hedging purposes as a means of making direct investments in foreign currencies, as described below under “Currency Transactions”.
A forward currency exchange contract is a commitment to purchase or sell a foreign currency at a future date at a negotiated forward rate. The gain or loss arising from the difference between the original contract and the closing of such contract would be included in net realized gain or loss on forward currency exchange contracts. Fluctuations in the value of open forward currency exchange contracts are recorded for financial reporting purposes as unrealized appreciation and/or depreciation by the Fund. Risks may arise from the potential inability of a counterparty to meet the terms of a contract and from unanticipated movements in the value of a foreign currency relative to the U.S. dollar.
During the year ended November 30, 2022, the Fund held forward currency exchange contracts for hedging purposes.
The Fund typically enters into International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreements (“ISDA Master Agreement”) with its OTC derivative contract counterparties in order to, among other things, reduce its credit risk to OTC counterparties. ISDA Master Agreements include provisions for general obligations, representations, collateral and events of default or termination. Under an ISDA Master Agreement, the Fund typically may offset with the OTC counterparty certain derivative financial instruments’ payables and/or receivables with collateral held and/or posted and create one single net payment (close-out netting) in the event of default or termination. In the event of a default by an OTC counterparty, the return of collateral with market value in excess of the Fund’s net liability, held by the defaulting party, may be delayed or denied.
The Fund’s ISDA Master Agreements may contain provisions for early termination of OTC derivative transactions in the event the net assets of the Fund decline below specific levels (“net asset contingent features”). If these levels are triggered, the Fund’s OTC counterparty has the right to terminate such transaction and require the Fund to pay or receive a settlement amount in connection with the terminated transaction. If OTC
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
derivatives were held at period end, please refer to netting arrangements by the OTC counterparty table below for additional details.
During the year ended November 30, 2022, the Fund had entered into the following derivatives:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Asset Derivatives | | | Liability Derivatives | |
Derivative Type | | Statement of Assets and Liabilities Location | | Fair Value | | | Statement of Assets and Liabilities Location | | Fair Value | |
Foreign currency contracts | | Unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts | | $ | 1,110,191 | | | Unrealized depreciation on forward currency exchange contracts | | $ | 1,420,282 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | $ | 1,110,191 | | | | | $ | 1,420,282 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative Type | | Location of Gain or (Loss) on Derivatives Within Statement of Operations | | Realized Gain or (Loss) on Derivatives | | | Change in Unrealized Appreciation or (Depreciation) | |
Foreign currency contracts | | Net realized gain (loss) on forward currency exchange contracts; Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of forward currency exchange contracts | | $ | 905,810 | | | $ | (293,684 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | $ | 905,810 | | | $ | (293,684 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The following table represents the average monthly volume of the Fund’s derivative transactions during the year ended November 30, 2022:
| | | | |
Forward Currency Exchange Contracts: | | | | |
Average principal amount of buy contracts | | $ | 29,220,328 | |
Average principal amount of sale contracts | | $ | 28,168,923 | |
For financial reporting purposes, the Fund does not offset derivative assets and derivative liabilities that are subject to netting arrangements in the statement of assets and liabilities.
All OTC derivatives held at period end were subject to netting arrangements. The following table presents the Fund’s derivative assets and liabilities by OTC counterparty net of amounts available for offset under ISDA Master Agreements (“MA”) and net of the related collateral received/pledged by the Fund as of November 30, 2022. Exchange-traded
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 33 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
derivatives and centrally cleared swaps are not subject to netting arrangements and as such are excluded from the table.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Counterparty | | Derivative Assets Subject to a MA | | | Derivatives Available for Offset | | | Cash Collateral Received* | | | Security Collateral Received* | | | Net Amount of Derivative Assets | |
Bank of America, NA | | $ | 45,425 | | | $ | (45,425 | ) | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – |
Barclays Bank PLC | | | 39,671 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 39,671 | |
Citibank, NA | | | 406,888 | | | | (153,298 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 253,590 | |
Deutsche Bank AG | | | 20,959 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 20,959 | |
Goldman Sachs Bank USA | | | 31,093 | | | | (31,093 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | | 50,753 | | | | (44,954 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 5,799 | |
Natwest Markets PLC | | | 10,543 | | | | (10,543 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | | 361,535 | | | | (361,535 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
UBS AG | | | 143,324 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 143,324 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,110,191 | | | $ | (646,848 | ) | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 463,343 | ^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Counterparty | | Derivative Liabilities Subject to a MA | | | Derivatives Available for Offset | | | Cash Collateral Pledged* | | | Security Collateral Pledged* | | | Net Amount of Derivative Liabilities | |
Bank of America, NA | | $ | 719,342 | | | $ | (45,425 | ) | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 673,917 | |
BNP Paribas SA | | | 9,169 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 9,169 | |
Citibank, NA | | | 153,298 | | | | (153,298 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Goldman Sachs Bank USA | | | 44,994 | | | | (31,093 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 13,901 | |
HSBC Bank USA | | | 16,775 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 16,775 | |
Morgan Stanley Capital Services, Inc. | | | 44,954 | | | | (44,954 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Natwest Markets PLC | | | 21,273 | | | | (10,543 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 10,730 | |
State Street Bank & Trust Co. | | | 410,477 | | | | (361,535 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 48,942 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,420,282 | | | $ | (646,848 | ) | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 773,434 | ^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
* | The actual collateral received/pledged may be more than the amount reported due to over-collateralization. |
^ | Net amount represents the net receivable/payable that would be due from/to the counterparty in the event of default or termination. The net amount from OTC financial derivative instruments can only be netted across transactions governed under the same master agreement with the same counterparty. |
2. Currency Transactions
The Fund may invest in non-U.S. Dollar-denominated securities on a currency hedged or unhedged basis. The Fund may seek investment opportunities by taking long or short positions in currencies through the use of currency-related derivatives, including forward currency exchange contracts, futures
| | |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
and options on futures, swaps, and other options. The Fund may enter into transactions for investment opportunities when it anticipates that a foreign currency will appreciate or depreciate in value but securities denominated in that currency are not held by the Fund and do not present attractive investment opportunities. Such transactions may also be used when the Adviser believes that it may be more efficient than a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated security. The Fund may also conduct currency exchange contracts on a spot basis (i.e., for cash at the spot rate prevailing in the currency exchange market for buying or selling currencies).
NOTE E
Securities Lending
The Fund may enter into securities lending transactions. Under the Fund’s securities lending program, all loans of securities will be collateralized continually by cash collateral and/or non-cash collateral. Non-cash collateral will include only securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities. The Fund cannot sell or repledge any non-cash collateral, such collateral will not be reflected in the portfolio of investments. If a loan is collateralized by cash, the Fund will be compensated for the loan from a portion of the net return from the income earned on cash collateral after a rebate is paid to the borrower (in some cases, this rebate may be a “negative rebate” or fee paid by the borrower to the Fund in connection with the loan), and payments are made for fees of the securities lending agent and for certain other administrative expenses. If the Fund receives non-cash collateral, the Fund will receive a fee from the borrower generally equal to a negotiated percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. The Fund will have the right to call a loan and obtain the securities loaned at any time on notice to the borrower within the normal and customary settlement time for the securities. While the securities are on loan, the borrower is obligated to pay the Fund amounts equal to any dividend income or other distributions from the securities; however, these distributions will not be afforded the same preferential tax treatment as qualified dividends. The Fund will not be able to exercise voting rights with respect to any securities during the existence of a loan, but will have the right to regain ownership of loaned securities in order to exercise voting or other ownership rights. Collateral received and securities loaned are marked to market daily to ensure that the securities loaned are secured by collateral. The lending agent currently invests the cash collateral received in Government Money Market Portfolio, an eligible money market vehicle, in accordance with the investment restrictions of the Fund, and as approved by the Board. The collateral received on securities loaned is recorded as an asset as well as a corresponding liability in the statement of assets and liabilities. The collateral will be adjusted the next business day to maintain the required collateral amount. The amounts of securities
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 35 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
lending income from the borrowers and Government Money Market Portfolio are reflected in the statement of operations. When the Fund earns net securities lending income from Government Money Market Portfolio, the income is inclusive of a rebate expense paid to the borrower. In connection with the cash collateral investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has agreed to waive a portion of the Fund’s share of the advisory fees of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. When the Fund lends securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned. A principal risk of lending portfolio securities is that the borrower may fail to return the loaned securities upon termination of the loan and that the collateral will not be sufficient to replace the loaned securities. The lending agent has agreed to indemnify the Fund in the case of default of any securities borrower.
A summary of the Fund’s transactions surrounding securities lending for the year ended November 30, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Government Money Market Portfolio | |
Market Value of Securities on Loan* | | | Cash Collateral* | | | Market Value of Non-Cash Collateral* | | | Income from Borrowers | | | Income Earned | | | Advisory Fee Waived | |
$ | 1,754,506 | | | $ | 345,254 | | | $ | 1,582,302 | | | $ | 32,988 | | | $ | 1,462 | | | $ | 417 | |
* | As of November 30, 2022. |
NOTE F
Shares of Beneficial Interest
Transactions in shares of beneficial interest for each class were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | | | | Amount | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | | | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Class A | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 404,551 | | | | 461,561 | | | | | | | $ | 5,075,512 | | | $ | 6,642,673 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends | | | 134,508 | | | | 41,071 | | | | | | | | 1,880,417 | | | | 533,507 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares converted from Class C | | | 5,038 | | | | 53,038 | | | | | | | | 66,360 | | | | 787,169 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (835,783 | ) | | | (1,318,311 | ) | | | | | | | (10,564,284 | ) | | | (18,643,871 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (291,686 | ) | | | (762,641 | ) | | | | | | $ | (3,541,995 | ) | | $ | (10,680,522 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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36 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | | | | Amount | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | | | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Class C | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 5,952 | | | | 8,396 | | | | | | | $ | 77,460 | | | $ | 117,500 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends | | | 1,036 | | | | – 0 | – | | | | | | | 14,278 | | | | – 0 | – | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares converted to Class A | | | (5,144 | ) | | | (54,295 | ) | | | | | | | (66,360 | ) | | | (787,169 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (18,413 | ) | | | (40,933 | ) | | | | | | | (233,376 | ) | | | (563,151 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (16,569 | ) | | | (86,832 | ) | | | | | | $ | (207,998 | ) | | $ | (1,232,820 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Advisor Class | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 138,576 | | | | 172,998 | | | | | | | $ | 1,829,764 | | | $ | 2,471,355 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends | | | 51,990 | | | | 18,534 | | | | | | | | 743,976 | | | | 246,319 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (423,678 | ) | | | (388,773 | ) | | | | | | | (5,435,432 | ) | | | (5,613,711 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (233,112 | ) | | | (197,241 | ) | | | | | | $ | (2,861,692 | ) | | $ | (2,896,037 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class R | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 45,421 | | | | 87,142 | | | | | | | $ | 565,186 | | | $ | 1,229,701 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends | | | 9,274 | | | | 1,804 | | | | | | | | 128,819 | | | | 23,270 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (109,279 | ) | | | (185,859 | ) | | | | | | | (1,400,632 | ) | | | (2,589,477 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (54,584 | ) | | | (96,913 | ) | | | | | | $ | (706,627 | ) | | $ | (1,336,506 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class K | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 179,736 | | | | 308,530 | | | | | | | $ | 2,389,300 | | | $ | 4,088,352 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends | | | 12,602 | | | | 4,536 | | | | | | | | 175,426 | | | | 58,644 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (326,575 | ) | | | (408,575 | ) | | | | | | | (4,193,446 | ) | | | (5,698,030 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (134,237 | ) | | | (95,509 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1,628,720 | ) | | $ | (1,551,034 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class I | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 15,776 | | | | 318,443 | | | | | | | $ | 198,418 | | | $ | 4,155,141 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends | | | 2,673 | | | | 5,134 | | | | | | | | 37,014 | | | | 66,285 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (31,183 | ) | | | (368,220 | ) | | | | | | | (414,899 | ) | | | (5,054,898 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (12,734 | ) | | | (44,643 | ) | | | | | | $ | (179,467 | ) | | $ | (833,472 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
NOTE G
Risks Involved in Investing in the Fund
Market Risk—The value of the Fund’s investments will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 37 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
changes or other events, including public health crises (including the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness) and regional and global conflicts, that affect large portions of the market. It includes the risk that a particular style of investing, such as the Fund’s value approach, may be underperforming the market generally.
Foreign (Non-U.S.) Risk—Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve more risk than those of U.S. issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
Emerging Market Risk—Investments in emerging market countries may have more risk because the markets are less developed and less liquid as well as being subject to increased economic, political, regulatory or other uncertainties.
Currency Risk—Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.
Derivatives Risk—Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. A short position in a derivative instrument involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the value of the underlying instrument, which could cause the Fund to suffer a (potentially unlimited) loss. Derivatives, especially over-the-counter derivatives, are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable or unwilling to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund.
Leverage Risk—When the Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its investments, its performance may be volatile because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s investments. The Fund may create leverage through the use of reverse repurchase arrangements, forward currency exchange contracts, forward commitments, dollar rolls or futures or by borrowing money. The use of other types of derivative instruments by the Fund, such as options and swaps, may also result in a form of leverage. Leverage may result in higher returns to the Fund than if the Fund were not leveraged, but may also adversely affect returns, particularly if the market is declining.
LIBOR Transition and Associated Risk—A Fund may be exposed to debt securities, derivatives or other financial instruments that utilize the London Interbank Offered Rate, or “LIBOR,” as a “benchmark” or “reference rate” for various interest rate calculations. In 2017, the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR,
| | |
| |
38 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
announced a desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021. The FCA and LIBOR’s administrator, ICE Benchmark Administration, have since announced that most LIBOR settings (which reflect LIBOR rates quoted in different currencies over various time periods) will no longer be published after the end of 2021 but that the most widely used U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will continue to be published until June 30, 2023. However, banks were strongly encouraged to cease entering into agreements with counterparties referencing LIBOR by the end of 2021. It is possible that a subset of LIBOR settings will be published after these dates on a “synthetic” basis, but any such publications would be considered non-representative of the underlying market. Since 2018 the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has published the secured overnight funding rate (referred to as SOFR), which is intended to replace U.S. Dollar LIBOR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement (repo) market and has been used increasingly on a voluntary basis in new instruments and transactions. In addition, on March 15, 2022, the Adjustable Interest Rate Act was signed into law. This law provides a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR with a benchmark rate that is selected by the Federal Reserve Board and based on SOFR for certain contracts that reference LIBOR without adequate fallback provisions.
The elimination of LIBOR or changes to other reference rates or any other changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of reference rates could have an adverse impact on the market for, or value of, any securities or payments linked to those reference rates, which may adversely affect a Fund’s performance and/or net asset value. Uncertainty and risk also remain regarding the willingness and ability of issuers and lenders to include revised provisions in new and existing contracts or instruments. Consequently, the transition from LIBOR to other reference rates may lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that are tied to LIBOR, fluctuations in values of LIBOR-related investments or investments in issuers that utilize LIBOR, increased difficulty in borrowing or refinancing and diminished effectiveness of hedging strategies, potentially adversely affecting a Fund’s performance. Furthermore, the risks associated with the expected discontinuation of LIBOR and transition may be exacerbated if the work necessary to effect an orderly transition to an alternative reference rate is not completed in a timely manner. Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known.
Indemnification Risk—In the ordinary course of business, the Fund enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. However, the Fund has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these indemnification provisions and expects the risk of loss thereunder to be remote. Therefore,
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 39 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
the Fund has not accrued any liability in connection with these indemnification provisions.
Management Risk—The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively-managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results. Some of these techniques may incorporate, or rely upon, quantitative models, but there is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce risk or otherwise perform as expected.
NOTE H
Joint Credit Facility
A number of open-end mutual funds managed by the Adviser, including the Fund, participate in a $325 million revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) intended to provide short-term financing related to redemptions and other short term liquidity requirements, subject to certain restrictions. Commitment fees related to the Facility are paid by the participating funds and are included in miscellaneous expenses in the statement of operations. The Fund did not utilize the Facility during the year ended November 30, 2022.
NOTE I
Distributions to Shareholders
The tax character of distributions paid during the fiscal years ended November 30, 2022 and November 30, 2021 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | |
Distributions paid from: | | | | | | | | |
Ordinary income | | $ | 3,379,640 | | | $ | 1,045,636 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total taxable distributions paid | | $ | 3,379,640 | | | $ | 1,045,636 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As of November 30, 2022, the components of accumulated earnings (deficit) on a tax basis were as follows:
| | | | |
Undistributed ordinary income | | $ | 1,237,521 | |
Accumulated capital and other losses | | | (120,261,593 | )(a) |
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | | (3,033,606 | )(b) |
| | | | |
Total accumulated earnings (deficit) | | $ | (122,057,678 | )(c) |
| | | | |
(a) | As of November 30, 2022, the Fund had a net capital loss carryforward of $120,261,593. |
(b) | The differences between book-basis and tax-basis unrealized appreciation (depreciation) are attributable primarily to the recognition for tax purposes of unrealized gains/losses on certain derivative instruments, the tax treatment of passive foreign investment companies (PFICs), and the tax deferral of losses on wash sales. |
(c) | The difference between book-basis and tax-basis components of accumulated earnings (deficit) are attributable primarily to the tax treatment of refunded EU foreign tax reclaims. |
| | |
| |
40 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
For tax purposes, net realized capital losses may be carried over to offset future capital gains, if any. Funds are permitted to carry forward capital losses for an indefinite period, and such losses will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses. As of November 30, 2022, the Fund had a net short-term capital loss carryforward of $40,253,764 and a net long-term capital loss carryforward of $80,007,829, which may be carried forward for an indefinite period.
During the current fiscal year, there were no permanent differences that resulted in adjustments to accumulated loss or additional paid-in capital.
NOTE J
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Accounting Standards Update, ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden due to the discontinuation of the LIBOR and other interbank-offered based reference rates. ASU 2020-04 is effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. Management is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of applying ASU 2020-04.
NOTE K
Subsequent Events
Management has evaluated subsequent events for possible recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through the date the financial statements are issued. Management has determined that there are no material events that would require disclosure in the Fund’s financial statements through this date.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 41 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class A | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 13.94 | | | | $ 12.58 | | | | $ 12.84 | | | | $ 12.32 | | | | $ 14.98 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .74 | | | | .30 | | | | .11 | | | | .19 | | | | .16 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (1.42 | ) | | | 1.15 | | | | (.23 | ) | | | .36 | | | | (2.54 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.68 | ) | | | 1.45 | | | | (.12 | ) | | | .55 | | | | (2.38 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.37 | ) | | | (.09 | ) | | | (.14 | ) | | | (.03 | ) | | | (.28 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 12.89 | | | | $ 13.94 | | | | $ 12.58 | | | | $ 12.84 | | | | $ 12.32 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(c)* | | | (5.08 | )%^ | | | 11.51 | % | | | (.85 | )% | | | 4.47 | % | | | (16.20 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000,000’s omitted) | | | $69 | | | | $79 | | | | $80 | | | | $102 | | | | $117 | |
|
Ratio to average net assets of: | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.43 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.76 | % | | | 1.61 | % | | | 1.65 | % | | | 1.61 | % | | | 1.43 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 5.92 | % | | | 2.10 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.56 | % | | | 1.11 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 42 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 48 | % | | | 47 | % | | | 34 | % |
See footnote summary on page 47.
| | |
| |
42 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class C | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 13.56 | | | | $ 12.25 | | | | $ 12.46 | | | | $ 12.02 | | | | $ 14.45 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .61 | | | | .20 | | | | .03 | | | | .10 | | | | .05 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (1.38 | ) | | | 1.11 | | | | (.24 | ) | | | .34 | | | | (2.47 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.77 | ) | | | 1.31 | | | | (.21 | ) | | | .44 | | | | (2.42 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.18 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.00 | )(d) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.01 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 12.61 | | | | $ 13.56 | | | | $ 12.25 | | | | $ 12.46 | | | | $ 12.02 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(c)* | | | (5.80 | )%^ | | | 10.69 | % | | | (1.67 | )% | | | 3.66 | % | | | (16.77 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $938 | | | | $1,233 | | | | $2,178 | | | | $4,775 | | | | $8,295 | |
|
Ratio to average net assets of: | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 2.00 | % | | | 2.00 | % | | | 2.00 | % | | | 2.22 | % | | | 2.18 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 2.54 | % | | | 2.38 | % | | | 2.43 | % | | | 2.37 | % | | | 2.18 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 4.97 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | .26 | % | | | .86 | % | | | .34 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 42 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 48 | % | | | 47 | % | | | 34 | % |
See footnote summary on page 47.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 43 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Advisor Class | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 14.29 | | | | $ 12.90 | | | | $ 13.16 | | | | $ 12.63 | | | | $ 15.33 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .77 | | | | .35 | | | | .15 | | | | .23 | | | | .20 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (1.42 | ) | | | 1.17 | | | | (.23 | ) | | | .36 | | | | (2.59 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.65 | ) | | | 1.52 | | | | (.08 | ) | | | .59 | | | | (2.39 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.41 | ) | | | (.13 | ) | | | (.18 | ) | | | (.06 | ) | | | (.31 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 13.23 | | | | $ 14.29 | | | | $ 12.90 | | | | $ 13.16 | | | | $ 12.63 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(c)* | | | (4.77 | )%^ | | | 11.82 | % | | | (.68 | )% | | | 4.72 | % | | | (15.92 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000,000’s omitted) | | | $27 | | | | $33 | | | | $32 | | | | $38 | | | | $46 | |
|
Ratio to average net assets of: | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.20 | % | | | 1.18 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.51 | % | | | 1.36 | % | | | 1.40 | % | | | 1.36 | % | | | 1.18 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 6.01 | % | | | 2.36 | % | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.84 | % | | | 1.36 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 42 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 48 | % | | | 47 | % | | | 34 | % |
See footnote summary on page 47.
| | |
| |
44 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class R | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 13.81 | | | | $ 12.46 | | | | $ 12.71 | | | | $ 12.20 | | | | $ 14.83 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .69 | | | | .26 | | | | .08 | | | | .16 | | | | .12 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (1.40 | ) | | | 1.14 | | | | (.22 | ) | | | .35 | | | | (2.52 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.71 | ) | | | 1.40 | | | | (.14 | ) | | | .51 | | | | (2.40 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.33 | ) | | | (.05 | ) | | | (.11 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.23 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 12.77 | | | | $ 13.81 | | | | $ 12.46 | | | | $ 12.71 | | | | $ 12.20 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(c)* | | | (5.33 | )%^ | | | 11.26 | % | | | (1.12 | )% | | | 4.18 | % | | | (16.41 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $4,286 | | | | $5,387 | | | | $6,068 | | | | $9,623 | | | | $12,079 | |
|
Ratio to average net assets of: | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.50 | % | | | 1.50 | % | | | 1.50 | % | | | 1.69 | % | | | 1.72 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 2.00 | % | | | 1.86 | % | | | 1.88 | % | | | 1.83 | % | | | 1.73 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 5.52 | % | | | 1.85 | % | | | .74 | % | | | 1.32 | % | | | .82 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 42 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 48 | % | | | 47 | % | | | 34 | % |
See footnote summary on page 47.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 45 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class K | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 13.87 | | | | $ 12.54 | | | | $ 12.81 | | | | $ 12.29 | | | | $ 14.93 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .64 | | | | .30 | | | | .12 | | | | .20 | | | | .16 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (1.31 | ) | | | 1.13 | | | | (.23 | ) | | | .35 | | | | (2.52 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.67 | ) | | | 1.43 | | | | (.11 | ) | | | .55 | | | | (2.36 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.37 | ) | | | (.10 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.03 | ) | | | (.28 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 12.83 | | | | $ 13.87 | | | | $ 12.54 | | | | $ 12.81 | | | | $ 12.29 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(c)* | | | (5.03 | )%^ | | | 11.49 | % | | | (.92 | )% | | | 4.48 | % | | | (16.09 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $4,381 | | | | $6,599 | | | | $7,162 | | | | $8,425 | | | | $9,390 | |
|
Ratio to average net assets of: | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.25 | % | | | 1.40 | % | | | 1.41 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.68 | % | | | 1.55 | % | | | 1.57 | % | | | 1.52 | % | | | 1.42 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 5.08 | % | | | 2.09 | % | | | 1.02 | % | | | 1.65 | % | | | 1.12 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 42 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 48 | % | | | 47 | % | | | 34 | % |
See footnote summary on page 47.
| | |
| |
46 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class I | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 13.88 | | | | $ 12.57 | | | | $ 12.86 | | | | $ 12.35 | | | | $ 15.01 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .78 | | | | .32 | | | | .15 | | | | .24 | | | | .23 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | (1.42 | ) | | | 1.15 | | | | (.23 | ) | | | .35 | | | | (2.54 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.64 | ) | | | 1.47 | | | | (.08 | ) | | | .59 | | | | (2.31 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.44 | ) | | | (.16 | ) | | | (.21 | ) | | | (.08 | ) | | | (.35 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 12.80 | | | | $ 13.88 | | | | $ 12.57 | | | | $ 12.86 | | | | $ 12.35 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(c)* | | | (4.83 | )%^ | | | 11.78 | % | | | (.64 | )% | | | 4.87 | % | | | (15.77 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $1,129 | | | | $1,400 | | | | $1,829 | | | | $7,342 | | | | $4,280 | |
|
Ratio to average net assets of: | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.03 | % | | | .98 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.26 | % | | | 1.12 | % | | | 1.14 | % | | | 1.11 | % | | | .99 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 6.26 | % | | | 2.28 | % | | | 1.30 | % | | | 1.97 | % | | | 1.61 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 42 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 48 | % | | | 47 | % | | | 34 | % |
(a) | Based on average shares outstanding. |
(b) | Net of expenses waived/reimbursed by the Adviser. |
(c) | Total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Initial sales charges or contingent deferred sales charges are not reflected in the calculation of total investment return. Total return does not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or the redemption of fund shares. Total investment return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
(d) | Amount is less than $.005. |
* | Includes the impact of proceeds received and credited to the Fund resulting from class action settlements, which enhanced the Fund’s performance for the years ended November 30, 2022, November 30, 2020 and November 30, 2019 by .01%, .04% and .19%, respectively. |
^ | The net asset value and total return include adjustments in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for financial reporting purposes. As such, the net asset value and total return for shareholder transactions may differ from financial statements. |
See notes to financial statements.
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 47 |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Trustees of
AB International Value Fund
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of AB International Value Fund (the “Fund”) (one of the funds constituting AB Trust (the “Trust”)), including the portfolio of investments, as of November 30, 2022, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund (one of the funds constituting AB Trust) at November 30, 2022, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and its financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Trust’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Trust in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Trust is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and
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48 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM (continued)
disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of November 30, 2022, by correspondence with the custodian, brokers and others; when replies were not received from brokers or others, we performed other auditing procedures. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the auditor of one or more of the AB investment companies since 1968.
New York, New York
January 26, 2023
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 49 |
2022 FEDERAL TAX INFORMATION
(unaudited)
For Federal income tax purposes, the following information is furnished with respect to the earnings of the Fund for the taxable year ended November 30, 2022.
For the taxable year ended November 30, 2022, the Fund designates 88.41% as the maximum amount that may be considered qualified dividend income for individual shareholders.
Shareholders should not use the above information to prepare their income tax returns. The information necessary to complete your income tax returns will be included with your Form 1099-DIV which will be sent to you separately in January 2023.
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50 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
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Garry L. Moody(1), Chairman Jorge A. Bermudez(1) Michael J. Downey(1) Onur Erzan, President and Chief Executive Officer | | Nancy P. Jacklin(1) Jeanette W. Loeb(1) Carol C. McMullen(1) Marshall C. Turner, Jr.(1) |
OFFICERS
| | |
Justin Moreau(2), Vice President Avi Lavi(2), Vice President Nancy E. Hay, Secretary Michael B. Reyes, Senior Vice President | | Joseph J. Mantineo, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer Phyllis J. Clarke, Controller Jennifer Friedland, Chief Compliance Officer |
| | |
Custodian and Accounting Agent State Street Bank and Trust Company
State Street Corporation CCB/5
1 Iron Street
Boston, MA 02210 Principal Underwriter AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. 501 Commerce Street Nashville, TN 37203 Legal Counsel Seward & Kissel LLP One Battery Park Plaza New York, NY 10004 | | Transfer Agent AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. P.O. Box 786003 San Antonio, TX 78278 Toll-Free (800) 221-5672 Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Ernst & Young LLP One Manhattan West New York, NY 10001 |
1 | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee. |
2 | The day-to-day management of, and investment decisions for, the Fund’s portfolio are made by the Adviser’s International Value Senior Investment Management Team. Messrs. Moreau and Lavi are the investment professionals with the most significant responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio. |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 51 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Board of Trustees Information
The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the direction of the Board of Trustees. Certain information concerning the Fund’s Trustees is set forth below.
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INTERESTED TRUSTEE | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Onur Erzan,# 1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10105 47 (2021) | | Senior Vice President of AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) Head of Global Client Group and Head of Private Wealth. He oversees AB’s entire private wealth management business and third-party institutional and retail franchise, where he is responsible for all client services, sales and marketing, as well as product strategy, management and development worldwide. Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the AB Mutual Funds as of April 1, 2021. He is also a member of the Equitable Holdings Management Committee. Prior to joining the firm in January 2021, he spent 19 years with McKinsey (management consulting firm), most recently as a senior partner and co-leader of its Wealth & Asset Management practice. In addition, he co-led McKinsey’s Banking & Securities Solutions (a portfolio of data, analytics, and digital assets and capabilities) globally. | | | 75 | | | None |
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52 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE | | | | | | |
| | | |
Garry L. Moody,## Chairman of the Board 70 (2008) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Partner, Deloitte & Touche LLP (1995-2008) where he held a number of senior positions, including Vice Chairman, and U.S. and Global Investment Management Practice Managing Partner; President, Fidelity Accounting and Custody Services Company (1993-1995), where he was responsible for accounting, pricing, custody and reporting for the Fidelity mutual funds; and Partner, Ernst & Young LLP (1975-1993), where he served as the National Director of Mutual Fund Tax Services and Managing Partner of its Chicago Office Tax department. He is a member of the Investment Company Institute’s Board of Governors and the Independent Directors Council’s Governing Council, where he serves as Chairman of its Governance Committee. He is Chairman of the AB Funds and Chairman of the Independent Directors Committees since January 2023 and he has served as a director or trustee, and as Chairman of the Audit Committees, of the AB Funds since 2008. | | | 75 | | | None |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 53 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | |
| | | |
Jorge A. Bermudez,## 71 (2020) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Chief Risk Officer of Citigroup, Inc., a global financial services company, from November 2007 to March 2008, Chief Executive Officer of Citigroup’s Commercial Business Group in North America and Citibank Texas from 2005 to 2007, and a variety of other executive and leadership roles at various businesses within Citigroup prior to then; Chairman (2018) of the Texas A&M Foundation Board of Trustees (Trustee since 2013) and Chairman of the Smart Grid Center Board at Texas A&M University since 2012; director of, among others, Citibank N.A. from 2005 to 2008, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Houston Branch from 2009 to 2011, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas from 2011 to 2017, and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas from 2010 to 2016. He has served as director or trustee of the AB Funds since January 2020. | | | 75 | | | Moody’s Corporation since April 2011 and Chair of its Audit Committee since December 2022 |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Michael J. Downey,## 79 (2005) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Chairman of The Asia Pacific Fund, Inc. (registered investment company) since prior to 2018 until January 2019. From 1987 until 1993, Chairman and CEO of Prudential Mutual Fund Management, director of the Prudential mutual funds, and member of the Executive Committee of Prudential Securities, Inc. He has served as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since 2005. | | | 75 | | | None |
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54 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | |
| | | |
Nancy P. Jacklin,## 74 (2006)
| | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Professorial Lecturer at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (2008-2015). U.S. Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (which is responsible for ensuring the stability of the international monetary system), (December 2002-May 2006); Partner, Clifford Chance (1992-2002); Sector Counsel, International Banking and Finance, and Associate General Counsel, Citicorp (1985-1992); Assistant General Counsel (International), Federal Reserve Board of Governors (1982-1985); and Attorney Advisor, U.S. Department of the Treasury (1973-1982). Member of the Bar of the District of Columbia and of New York; and member of the Council on Foreign Relations. She has served as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since 2006 and has been Chair of the Governance and Nominating Committees of the AB Funds since August 2014. | | | 75 | | | None |
| | | | | | | | |
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Jeanette W. Loeb,## 70 (2020) | | Chief Executive Officer of PetCareRx (e-commerce pet pharmacy) from 2002 to 2011 and 2015 to present. Director of New York City Center since 2005. She was a director of AB Multi-Manager Alternative Fund, Inc. (fund of hedge funds) from 2012 to 2018. Formerly, affiliated with Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (financial services) from 1977 to 1994, including as a partner thereof from 1986 to 1994. She has served as director or trustee of the AB Funds since April 2020. | | | 75 | | | Apollo Investment Corp. (business development company) since August 2011 |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 55 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | |
| | | |
Carol C. McMullen,## 67 (2016)
| | Managing Director of Slalom Consulting (consulting) since 2014, private investor and a member of the Advisory Board of Butcher Box (since 2018). Formerly, member, Partners Healthcare Investment Committee (2010-2019); Director of Norfolk & Dedham Group (mutual property and casualty insurance) from 2011 until November 2016; Director of Partners Community Physicians Organization (healthcare) from 2014 until December 2016; and Managing Director of The Crossland Group (consulting) from 2012 until 2013. She has held a number of senior positions in the asset and wealth management industries, including at Eastern Bank (where her roles included President of Eastern Wealth Management), Thomson Financial (Global Head of Sales for Investment Management), and Putnam Investments (where her roles included Chief Investment Officer, Core and Growth and Head of Global Investment Research). She has served on a number of private company and non-profit boards, and as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since June 2016. | | | 75 | | | None |
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56 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | |
| | | |
Marshall C. Turner, Jr.,## 81 (2005) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Former Chairman and CEO of Dupont Photomasks, Inc. (semi-conductor manufacturing equipment). He was a Director of Xilinx, Inc. (programmable logic semi-conductors and adaptable, intelligent computing) from 2007 through August 2020, and is a former director of 33 other companies and organizations. He has extensive operating leadership and venture capital investing experience, including five interim or full-time CEO roles, and prior service as general partner of institutional venture capital partnerships. He also has extensive non-profit board leadership experience, and currently serves on the board of the George Lucas Educational Foundation. He has served as a director of one AB Fund since 1992, and director or trustee of all AB Funds since 2005. He has served as both Chairman of the AB Funds and Chairman of the Independent Directors Committees from 2014 through December 2022. | | | 75 | | | None |
* | The address for each of the Fund’s disinterested Trustees is c/o AllianceBernstein L.P., Attention: Legal and Compliance Department—Mutual Fund Legal, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105. |
** | There is no stated term of office for the Fund’s Trustees. |
*** | The information above includes each Trustee’s principal occupation during the last five years and other information relating to the experience, attributes and skills relevant to each Trustee’s qualifications to serve as a Trustee, which led to the conclusion that each Trustee should serve as a Trustee for the Fund. |
# | Mr. Erzan is an “interested trustee” of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to his position as a Senior Vice President of the Adviser. |
## | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee. |
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 57 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
Officers of the Trust
Certain information concerning the Fund’s Officers is listed below.
| | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS* AND AGE | | PRINCIPAL POSITION(S) HELD WITH FUND | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
Onur Erzan 47 | | President and Chief Executive Officer | | See biography above. |
| | | | |
Avi Lavi 56 | | Vice President | | Senior Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. He is also Chief Investment Officer of Global and International Value Equities. |
| | | | |
Justin Moreau 37 | | Vice President | | Senior Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated in a substantially similar capacity to his current position, including as a research analyst, since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Nancy E. Hay 50 | | Secretary | | Vice President and Counsel of the Adviser**, with which she has been associated since prior to 2018 and Assistant Secretary of ABI**. |
| | | | |
Michael B. Reyes 46 | | Senior Vice President | | Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Joseph J. Mantineo 63 | | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer | | Senior Vice President of AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”)**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Phyllis J. Clarke 62 | | Controller | | Vice President of ABIS**, with which she has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Jennifer Friedland 48 | | Chief Compliance Officer | | Vice President of the Adviser** since 2020 and Mutual Fund Chief Compliance Officer (of all Funds since January 2023 and of the ETF Funds since 2022). Before joining the Adviser** in 2020, she was Chief Compliance Officer at WestEnd Advisors, LLC from prior to 2018 until 2019. |
* | The address for each of the Fund’s Officers is 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105. |
** | The Adviser, ABI and ABIS are affiliates of the Fund. |
The Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) has additional information about the Fund’s Trustees and Officers and is available without charge upon request. Contact your financial representative or AB at (800) 227-4618, or visit www.abfunds.com, for a free prospectus or SAI.
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58 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
Operation and Effectiveness of the Fund’s Liquidity Risk Management Program:
In October 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) adopted the open-end fund liquidity rule (the “Liquidity Rule”). In June 2018 the SEC adopted a requirement that funds disclose information about the operation and effectiveness of their Liquidity Risk Management Program (“LRMP”) in their reports to shareholders.
One of the requirements of the Liquidity Rule is for the Fund to designate an Administrator of the Fund’s Liquidity Risk Management Program. The Administrator of the Fund’s LRMP is AllianceBernstein L.P., the Fund’s investment adviser (the “Adviser”). The Adviser has delegated the responsibility to its Liquidity Risk Management Committee (the “Committee”).
Another requirement of the Liquidity Rule is for the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Fund Board”) to receive an annual written report from the Administrator of the LRMP, which addresses the operation of the Fund’s LRMP and assesses its adequacy and effectiveness. The Adviser provided the Fund Board with such annual report during the first quarter of 2022, which covered the period January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021 (the “Program Reporting Period”).
The LRMP’s principal objectives include supporting the Fund’s compliance with limits on investments in illiquid assets and mitigating the risk that the Fund will be unable to meet its redemption obligations in a timely manner.
Pursuant to the LRMP, the Fund classifies the liquidity of its portfolio investments into one of the four categories defined by the SEC: Highly Liquid, Moderately Liquid, Less Liquid, and Illiquid. These classifications are reported to the SEC on Form N-PORT.
During the Program Reporting Period, the Committee reviewed whether the Fund’s strategy is appropriate for an open-end structure, incorporating any holdings of less liquid and illiquid assets. If the Fund participated in derivative transactions, the exposure from such transactions were considered in the LRMP.
The Committee also performed an analysis to determine whether the Fund is required to maintain a Highly Liquid Investment Minimum (“HLIM”). The Committee also incorporated the following information when determining the Fund’s reasonably anticipated trading size for purposes of liquidity monitoring: historical net redemption activity, a Fund’s concentration in an issuer, shareholder concentration, investment performance, total net assets, and distribution channels.
The Adviser informed the Fund Board that the Committee believes the Fund’s LRMP is adequately designed, has been implemented as intended,
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 59 |
and has operated effectively since its inception. No material exceptions have been noted since the implementation of the LRMP. During the Program Reporting Period, liquidity in all markets was significantly recovered and improved compared to the prior reporting period which included extreme levels of price volatility and relative illiquidity beginning in March 2020 with COVID-19 impacts. As such, the program operated in a relatively robust and benign liquidity environment experienced in markets during the Program Reporting Period. There were no liquidity events that impacted the Fund or its ability to timely meet redemptions during the Program Reporting Period.
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60 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
Information Regarding the Review and Approval of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement
The disinterested trustees (the “directors”) of AB Trust (the “Company”) unanimously approved the continuance of the Company’s Advisory Agreement with the Adviser in respect of AB International Value Fund (the “Fund”) at a meeting held in-person on May 3-5, 2022 (the “Meeting”).
Prior to approval of the continuance of the Advisory Agreement, the directors had requested from the Adviser, and received and evaluated, extensive materials. They reviewed the proposed continuance of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser and with experienced counsel who are independent of the Adviser, who advised on the relevant legal standards. The directors also reviewed additional materials, including comparative analytical data prepared by the Senior Vice President for the Fund. The directors also discussed the proposed continuance in private sessions with counsel.
The directors considered their knowledge of the nature and quality of the services provided by the Adviser to the Fund gained from their experience as directors or trustees of most of the registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, their overall confidence in the Adviser’s integrity and competence they have gained from that experience, the Adviser’s initiative in identifying and raising potential issues with the directors and its responsiveness, frankness and attention to concerns raised by the directors in the past, including the Adviser’s willingness to consider and implement organizational and operational changes designed to improve investment results and the services provided to the AB Funds. The directors noted that they have four regular meetings each year, at each of which they review extensive materials and information from the Adviser, including information on the investment performance of the Fund and the money market fund advised by the Adviser in which the Fund invests a portion of its assets.
The directors also considered all factors they believed relevant, including the specific matters discussed below. During the course of their deliberations, the directors evaluated, among other things, the reasonableness of the advisory fee. The directors did not identify any particular information that was all-important or controlling, and different directors may have attributed different weights to the various factors. The directors determined that the selection of the Adviser to manage the Fund and the overall arrangements between the Fund and the Adviser, as provided in the Advisory Agreement, including the advisory fee, were fair and reasonable in light of the services performed, expenses incurred and such other matters as the directors considered relevant in the exercise of their business judgment. The material factors and conclusions that formed the basis for the directors’ determinations included the following:
Nature, Extent and Quality of Services Provided
The directors considered the scope and quality of services provided by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement, including the quality of the investment
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 61 |
research capabilities of the Adviser and the other resources it has dedicated to performing services for the Fund. The directors noted that the Adviser from time to time reviews the Fund’s investment strategies and from time to time proposes changes intended to improve the Fund’s relative or absolute performance for the directors’ consideration. They also noted the professional experience and qualifications of the Fund’s portfolio management team and other senior personnel of the Adviser. The directors also considered that the Advisory Agreement provides that the Fund will reimburse the Adviser for the cost to it of providing certain clerical, accounting, administrative and other services to the Fund by employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. Requests for these reimbursements are made on a quarterly basis and subject to approval by the directors. Reimbursements, to the extent requested and paid, result in a higher rate of total compensation from the Fund to the Adviser than the fee rate stated in the Advisory Agreement. The directors noted that the methodology used to determine the reimbursement amounts had been reviewed by an independent consultant at the request of the directors. The quality of administrative and other services, including the Adviser’s role in coordinating the activities of the Fund’s other service providers, also was considered. The directors concluded that, overall, they were satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the Fund under the Advisory Agreement.
Costs of Services Provided and Profitability
The directors reviewed a schedule of the revenues and expenses and related notes indicating the profitability of the Fund to the Adviser for calendar years 2020 and 2021 that had been prepared with an expense allocation methodology arrived at in consultation with an independent consultant at the request of the directors. The directors noted the assumptions and methods of allocation used by the Adviser in preparing fund-specific profitability data and understood that there are a number of potentially acceptable allocation methodologies for information of this type. The directors noted that the profitability information reflected all revenues and expenses of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund, including those relating to its subsidiaries that provide transfer agency, distribution and brokerage services to the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of the profitability of the Advisory Agreement with the profitability of fund advisory contracts for unaffiliated funds because comparative information is not generally publicly available and is affected by numerous factors. The directors focused on the profitability of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund before taxes and distribution expenses. The directors concluded that the Adviser’s level of profitability from its relationship with the Fund was not unreasonable.
Fall-Out Benefits
The directors considered the other benefits to the Adviser and its affiliates from their relationships with the Fund and the money market fund advised by the Adviser in which the Fund invests, including, but not limited to, benefits relating to soft dollar arrangements (whereby investment advisers
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62 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
receive brokerage and research services from brokers that execute agency transactions for their clients); 12b-1 fees and sales charges received by the Fund’s principal underwriter (which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser) in respect of certain classes of the Fund’s shares; brokerage commissions paid by the Fund to brokers affiliated with the Adviser; and transfer agency fees paid by the Fund to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser. The directors recognized that the Adviser’s profitability would be somewhat lower without these benefits. The directors understood that the Adviser also might derive reputational and other benefits from its association with the Fund.
Investment Results
In addition to the information reviewed by the directors in connection with the Meeting, the directors receive detailed performance information for the Fund at each regular Board meeting during the year.
At the Meeting, the directors reviewed performance information prepared by an independent service provider (the “15(c) service provider”), showing the performance of the Class A Shares of the Fund against a group of similar funds (“peer group”) and a larger group of similar funds (“peer universe”), each selected by the 15(c) service provider, and information prepared by the Adviser showing performance of the Class A Shares against a broad-based securities market index, in each case for the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods ended February 28, 2022 and (in the case of comparisons with the broad-based securities market index) for the period from inception. Based on their review and their discussion with the Adviser of the reasons for the Fund’s underperformance in the periods reviewed, the directors concluded that the Fund’s investment performance was acceptable.
Advisory Fees and Other Expenses
The directors considered the advisory fee rate payable by the Fund to the Adviser and information prepared by the 15(c) service provider concerning advisory fee rates payable by other funds in the same category as the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of advisory fees because there are variations in the services that are included in the fees paid by other funds. The directors compared the Fund’s contractual effective advisory fee rate with a peer group median. Taking into account the administrative expense reimbursement paid to the Adviser in the latest fiscal year, the directors noted that the Adviser’s total rate of compensation was close to the median.
The directors also considered the Adviser’s fee schedule for other clients utilizing investment strategies similar to those of the Fund. For this purpose, they reviewed the relevant advisory fee information from the Adviser’s Form ADV and in a report from the Fund’s Senior Vice President and noted the differences between the Fund’s fee schedule, on the one
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 63 |
hand, and the Adviser’s institutional fee schedule and the schedule of fees charged by the Adviser to any offshore funds and for services to any sub-advised funds utilizing investment strategies similar to those of the Fund, on the other. The directors noted that the Adviser may, in some cases, agree to fee rates with large institutional clients that are lower than those reviewed by the directors and that they had previously discussed with the Adviser its policies in respect of such arrangements. The directors also compared the advisory fee rate for the Fund with that for another fund advised by the Adviser utilizing similar investment strategies.
The Adviser reviewed with the directors the significantly greater scope of the services it provides to the Fund relative to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients. In this regard, the Adviser noted, among other things, that, compared to institutional and offshore or sub-advisory accounts, the Fund (i) demands considerably more portfolio management, research and trading resources due to significantly higher daily cash flows; (ii) has more tax and regulatory restrictions and compliance obligations; (iii) must prepare and file or distribute regulatory and other communications about fund operations; and (iv) must provide shareholder servicing to retail investors. The Adviser also reviewed the greater legal risks presented by the large and changing population of Fund shareholders who may assert claims against the Adviser in individual or class actions, and the greater entrepreneurial risk in offering new fund products, which require substantial investment to launch, may not succeed, and generally must be priced to compete with larger, more established funds resulting in lack of profitability to the Adviser until a new fund achieves scale. In light of the substantial differences in services rendered by the Adviser to institutional, offshore fund and sub-advised fund clients as compared to the Fund, and the different risk profile, the directors considered these fee comparisons inapt and did not place significant weight on them in their deliberations.
In connection with their review of the Fund’s advisory fee, the directors also considered the total expense ratio of the Class A shares of the Fund in comparison to a peer group and a peer universe selected by the 15(c) service provider. The Class A expense ratio of the Fund was based on the Fund’s latest fiscal year and the directors considered the Adviser’s expense cap for the Fund. The directors noted that it was likely that the expense ratios of some of the other funds in the Fund’s category were lowered by waivers or reimbursements by those funds’ investment advisers, which in some cases might be voluntary or temporary. The directors view expense ratio information as relevant to their evaluation of the Adviser’s services because the Adviser is responsible for coordinating services provided to the Fund by others. The directors noted that the Fund’s expense ratio was above the medians. After reviewing and discussing the Adviser’s explanation for this, the directors concluded that the Fund’s expense ratio was acceptable.
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64 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
Economies of Scale
The directors noted that the advisory fee schedule for the Fund contains breakpoints that reduce the fee rates on assets above specified levels. The directors took into consideration prior presentations by an independent consultant on economies of scale in the mutual fund industry and for the AB Funds, and presentations from time to time by the Adviser concerning certain of its views on economies of scale. The directors also had requested and received from the Adviser certain updates on economies of scale in advance of the Meeting. The directors believe that economies of scale may be realized (if at all) by the Adviser across a variety of products and services, and not only in respect of a single fund. The directors noted that there is no established methodology for setting breakpoints that give effect to the fund-specific services provided by a fund’s adviser and to the economies of scale that an adviser may realize in its overall mutual fund business or those components of it which directly or indirectly affect a fund’s operations. The directors observed that in the mutual fund industry as a whole, as well as among funds similar to the Fund, there is no uniformity or pattern in the fees and asset levels at which breakpoints (if any) apply. The directors also noted that the advisory agreements for many funds do not have breakpoints at all. Having taken these factors into account, the directors concluded that the Fund’s shareholders would benefit from a sharing of economies of scale in the event the Fund’s net assets exceed a breakpoint in the future.
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 65 |
This page is not part of the Shareholder Report or the Financial Statements.
AB FAMILY OF FUNDS
US EQUITY
CORE
Core Opportunities Fund
Select US Equity Portfolio
Sustainable US Thematic Portfolio
GROWTH
Concentrated Growth Fund
Discovery Growth Fund
Growth Fund
Large Cap Growth Fund
Small Cap Growth Portfolio
VALUE
Discovery Value Fund
Equity Income Fund
Relative Value Fund
Small Cap Value Portfolio
Value Fund
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL EQUITY
CORE
Global Core Equity Portfolio
International Strategic Core Portfolio
Sustainable Global Thematic Fund
Sustainable International Thematic Fund
Tax-Managed Wealth Appreciation Strategy
Wealth Appreciation Strategy
GROWTH
Concentrated International Growth Portfolio
VALUE
All China Equity Portfolio
International Value Fund
FIXED INCOME
MUNICIPAL
High Income Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate California Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate Diversified Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate New York Municipal Portfolio
Municipal Bond Inflation Strategy
Tax-Aware Fixed Income Opportunities Portfolio
National Portfolio
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TAXABLE
Bond Inflation Strategy
Global Bond Fund
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Short Duration Portfolio
Sustainable Thematic Credit Portfolio
Total Return Bond Portfolio
ALTERNATIVES
All Market Real Return Portfolio
Global Real Estate Investment Fund
Select US Long/Short Portfolio
MULTI-ASSET
All Market Total Return Portfolio
Emerging Markets Multi-Asset Portfolio
Global Risk Allocation Fund
Sustainable Thematic Balanced Portfolio
CLOSED-END FUNDS
AllianceBernstein Global High Income Fund
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EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS
Tax-Aware Short Duration Municipal ETF
Ultra Short Income ETF
We also offer Government Money Market Portfolio, which serves as the money market fund exchange vehicle for the AB mutual funds. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the Fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the Fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time.
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
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NOTES
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abfunds.com | | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | 67 |
NOTES
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68 | AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
AB INTERNATIONAL VALUE FUND
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105
800 221 5672
IV-0151-1122
NOV 11.30.22
ANNUAL REPORT
AB VALUE FUND
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Investment Products Offered | | • Are Not FDIC Insured • May Lose Value • Are Not Bank Guaranteed |
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
This shareholder report must be preceded or accompanied by the Fund’s prospectus for individuals who are not current shareholders of the Fund.
You may obtain a description of the Fund’s proxy voting policies and procedures, and information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, without charge. Simply visit AB’s website at www.abfunds.com, or go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “Commission”) website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227 4618.
The Fund files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Commission for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. The Fund’s Form N-PORT reports are available on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. AB publishes full portfolio holdings for the Fund monthly at www.abfunds.com.
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (ABI) is the distributor of the AB family of mutual funds. ABI is a member of FINRA and is an affiliate of AllianceBernstein L.P., the Adviser of the funds.
The [A/B] logo is a registered service mark of AllianceBernstein and AllianceBernstein® is a registered service mark used by permission of the owner, AllianceBernstein L.P.
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FROM THE PRESIDENT | | |
Dear Shareholder,
We’re pleased to provide this report for the AB Value Fund (the “Fund”). Please review the discussion of Fund performance, the market conditions during the reporting period and the Fund’s investment strategy.
At AB, we’re striving to help our clients achieve better outcomes by:
+ | | Fostering diverse perspectives that give us a distinctive approach to navigating global capital markets |
+ | | Applying differentiated investment insights through a connected global research network |
+ | | Embracing innovation to design better ways to invest and leading-edge mutual-fund solutions |
Whether you’re an individual investor or a multibillion-dollar institution, we’re putting our knowledge and experience to work for you every day.
For more information about AB’s comprehensive range of products and shareholder resources, please log on to www.abfunds.com.
Thank you for your investment in AB mutual funds—and for placing your trust in our firm.
Sincerely,
Onur Erzan
President and Chief Executive Officer, AB Mutual Funds
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 1 |
ANNUAL REPORT
January 5, 2023
This report provides management’s discussion of fund performance for the AB Value Fund for the annual reporting period ended November 30, 2022.
The Fund’s investment objective is long-term growth of capital.
NAV RETURNS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | 6 Months | | | 12 Months | |
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AB VALUE FUND | | | | | | | | |
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Class A Shares | | | 1.88% | | | | 3.39% | |
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Class C Shares | | | 1.52% | | | | 2.62% | |
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Advisor Class Shares1 | | | 2.06% | | | | 3.66% | |
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Class R Shares1 | | | 1.66% | | | | 2.91% | |
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Class K Shares1 | | | 1.86% | | | | 3.25% | |
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Class I Shares1 | | | 2.02% | | | | 3.66% | |
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Russell 1000 Value Index | | | 0.90% | | | | 2.42% | |
1 | Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
INVESTMENT RESULTS
The table above shows the Fund’s performance compared to its benchmark, the Russell 1000 Value Index, for the six- and 12-month periods ended November 30, 2022.
During the 12-month period, all share classes of the Fund outperformed the benchmark, before sales charges. Security selection drove outperformance, relative to the benchmark. Selection within the consumer-discretionary and financials sectors contributed most, while selection within health care and energy detracted. Sector selection was also positive. Gains from underweights to communication services and consumer discretionary offset losses from an overweight to technology and an underweight to the industrials sector.
During the six-month period, all share classes of the Fund outperformed the benchmark, before sales charges. Both security and sector selection contributed to returns. Security selection within financials and consumer staples was positive, while selection within energy and health care offset some gains. From a sector selection perspective, an underweight to materials and an overweight to consumer discretionary added to returns, while an overweight to communication services and an underweight to energy detracted.
The Fund did not utilize derivatives during the six- or 12-month periods.
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2 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MARKET REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY
US, international and emerging-market stocks declined during the 12-month period ended November 30, 2022. In response to persistently high inflation, central banks—led by the US Federal Reserve (the “Fed”)—took a hawkish pivot, which raised concerns that rapidly rising borrowing costs would slow economic growth significantly and tip global economies into recession. Volatility increased and stocks pulled back after the Fed announced its first interest-rate hike in March 2022, which was followed by five additional rate raises, including four consecutive 0.75% increases. Equity markets began to rebound at the end of the period, after some early evidence of easing inflationary pressures raised hopes that the Fed and other key central banks would soon slow the pace of rate hikes and review the impact of higher rates over a longer time horizon. Against a backdrop of rising rates, growth stocks came under pressure throughout most of the period. Within large-cap markets, growth stocks declined, while value stocks rose and outperformed growth stocks significantly. Large-cap stocks outperformed small-cap stocks on a relative basis, but both declined in absolute terms.
The Fund’s Senior Investment Management Team (the “Team”) continues to focus on attractively valued opportunities, targeting a diversified range of companies. The Team utilizes a disciplined value process to determine when a company’s stock price doesn’t reflect its long-term ability to generate earnings, and selects those value stocks to build a diversified portfolio.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of equity securities of US companies with relatively large market capitalizations that the Adviser believes are undervalued. The Fund invests in companies that are determined by the Adviser to be undervalued using the fundamental value approach of the Adviser. The fundamental value approach seeks to identify a universe of securities that are considered to be undervalued because they are attractively priced relative to their future earnings power and dividend-paying capability.
In selecting securities for the Fund’s portfolio, the Adviser uses its fundamental and quantitative research to identify companies whose long-term earnings power and dividend-paying capability are not reflected in the current market price of their securities.
The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions, such as options, futures contracts, forwards and swaps. The Fund may use options strategies involving the purchase and/or writing of various combinations of call and/or put options, including on individual securities and
(continued on next page)
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 3 |
stock indices, futures contracts (including futures contracts on individual securities and stock indices) or shares of exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). These transactions may be used, for example, in an effort to earn extra income, to adjust exposure to individual securities or markets, or to protect all or a portion of the Fund’s portfolio from a decline in value, sometimes within certain ranges.
The Fund may, at times, invest in shares of ETFs in lieu of making direct investments in equity securities. ETFs may provide more efficient and economical exposure to the type of companies and geographic locations in which the Fund seeks to invest than direct investments.
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4 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
DISCLOSURES AND RISKS
Benchmark Disclosure
The Russell 1000® Value Index is unmanaged and does not reflect fees and expenses associated with the active management of a mutual fund portfolio. The Russell 1000 Value Index represents the performance of large-cap value companies within the US. An investor cannot invest directly in an index, and its results are not indicative of the performance for any specific investment, including the Fund.
A Word About Risk
Market Risk: The value of the Fund’s investments will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events, including public health crises (including the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness) and regional and global conflicts, that affect large portions of the market. It includes the risk that a particular style of investing, such as the Fund’s value approach, may be underperforming the market generally.
Foreign (Non-US) Risk: Investments in securities of non-US issuers may involve more risk than those of US issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
Currency Risk: Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.
Derivatives Risk: Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. Derivatives, especially over-the-counter derivatives, are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable or unwilling to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund.
Management Risk: The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results. Some of these techniques may incorporate, or rely upon, quantitative models, but there is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce risk or otherwise perform as expected.
These risks are fully discussed in the Fund’s prospectus. As with all investments, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 5 |
DISCLOSURES AND RISKS (continued)
An Important Note About Historical Performance
The investment return and principal value of an investment in the Fund will fluctuate, so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance shown in this report represents past performance and does not guarantee future results. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance information shown. You may obtain performance information current to the most recent month-end by visiting www.abfunds.com.
All fees and expenses related to the operation of the Fund have been deducted. Net asset value (“NAV”) returns do not reflect sales charges; if sales charges were reflected, the Fund’s quoted performance would be lower. SEC returns reflect the applicable sales charges for each share class: a 4.25% maximum front-end sales charge for Class A shares and a 1% 1-year contingent deferred sales charge for Class C shares. Returns for the different share classes will vary due to different expenses associated with each class. Performance assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes.
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6 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE
GROWTH OF A $10,000 INVESTMENT IN THE FUND (unaudited)
11/30/2012 TO 11/30/2022
This chart illustrates the total value of an assumed $10,000 investment in AB Value Fund Class A shares (from 11/30/2012 to 11/30/2022) as compared to the performance of the Fund’s benchmark. The chart reflects the deduction of the maximum 4.25% sales charge from the initial $10,000 investment in the Fund and assumes the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 7 |
HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE (continued)
AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURNS AS OF NOVEMBER 30, 2022 (unaudited)
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| | NAV Returns | | | SEC Returns (reflects applicable sales charges) | |
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CLASS A SHARES | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | 3.39% | | | | -1.01% | |
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5 Years | | | 5.53% | | | | 4.62% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.72% | | | | 8.25% | |
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CLASS C SHARES | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | 2.62% | | | | 1.68% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.74% | | | | 4.74% | |
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10 Years1 | | | 7.92% | | | | 7.92% | |
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ADVISOR CLASS SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | 3.66% | | | | 3.66% | |
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5 Years | | | 5.80% | | | | 5.80% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.02% | | | | 9.02% | |
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CLASS R SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | 2.91% | | | | 2.91% | |
| | |
5 Years | | | 5.07% | | | | 5.07% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.27% | | | | 8.27% | |
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CLASS K SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | 3.25% | | | | 3.25% | |
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5 Years | | | 5.39% | | | | 5.39% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.60% | | | | 8.60% | |
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CLASS I SHARES2 | | | | | | | | |
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1 Year | | | 3.66% | | | | 3.66% | |
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5 Years | | | 5.84% | | | | 5.84% | |
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10 Years | | | 9.07% | | | | 9.07% | |
The Fund’s current prospectus fee table shows the Fund’s total annual operating expense ratios as 0.95%, 1.71%, 0.70%, 1.41%, 1.11% and 0.68% for Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K and Class I shares, respectively. The Financial Highlights section of this report sets forth expense ratio data for the current reporting period; the expense ratios shown above may differ from the expense ratios in the Financial Highlights section since they are based on different time periods.
1 | Assumes conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares after eight years. |
2 | These share classes are offered at NAV to eligible investors and their SEC returns are the same as their NAV returns. Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans, and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
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8 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE (continued)
SEC AVERAGE ANNUAL RETURNS
AS OF THE MOST RECENT CALENDAR QUARTER-END
DECEMBER 31, 2022 (unaudited)
| | | | |
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| | SEC Returns (reflects applicable sales charges) | |
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CLASS A SHARES | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -10.94% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.04% | |
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10 Years | | | 7.41% | |
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CLASS C SHARES | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -8.52% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.15% | |
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10 Years1 | | | 7.08% | |
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ADVISOR CLASS SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -6.78% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.18% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.16% | |
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CLASS R SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -7.33% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.48% | |
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10 Years | | | 7.43% | |
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CLASS K SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -7.15% | |
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5 Years | | | 3.78% | |
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10 Years | | | 7.75% | |
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CLASS I SHARES2 | | | | |
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1 Year | | | -6.76% | |
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5 Years | | | 4.23% | |
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10 Years | | | 8.20% | |
1 | Assumes conversion of Class C shares into Class A shares after eight years. |
2 | Please note that these share classes are for investors purchasing shares through accounts established under certain fee-based programs sponsored and maintained by certain broker-dealers and financial intermediaries, institutional pension plans, and/or investment advisory clients of, and certain other persons associated with, the Adviser and its affiliates or the Fund. |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 9 |
EXPENSE EXAMPLE
(unaudited)
As a shareholder of the Fund, you incur two types of costs: (1) transaction costs, including sales charges (loads) on purchase payments, contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions and (2) ongoing costs, including management fees; distribution (12b-1) fees; and other Fund expenses. This example is intended to help you understand your ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in the Fund and to compare these costs with the ongoing costs of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example is based on an investment of $1,000 invested at the beginning of the period and held for the entire period as indicated below.
Actual Expenses
The table below provides information about actual account values and actual expenses. You may use the information, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. Simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number under the heading entitled “Expenses Paid During Period” to estimate the expenses you paid on your account during this period.
Hypothetical Example for Comparison Purposes
The table below also provides information about hypothetical account values and hypothetical expenses based on the Fund’s actual expense ratio and an assumed annual rate of return of 5% before expenses, which is not the Fund’s actual return. The hypothetical account values and expenses may not be used to estimate the actual ending account balance or expenses you paid for the period. You may use this information to compare the ongoing costs of investing in the Fund and other funds by comparing this 5% hypothetical example with the 5% hypothetical examples that appear in the shareholder reports of other funds.
Please note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight your ongoing costs only and do not reflect any transactional costs, such as sales charges (loads), or contingent deferred sales charges on redemptions. Therefore, the hypothetical example is useful in comparing ongoing costs only, and will not help you determine the relative total costs of owning different funds. In addition, if these transactional costs were included, your costs would have been higher.
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10 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
EXPENSE EXAMPLE (continued)
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| | Beginning Account Value June 1, 2022 | | | Ending Account Value November 30, 2022 | | | Expenses Paid During Period* | | | Annualized Expense Ratio* | |
Class A | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,018.80 | | | $ | 4.81 | | | | 0.95 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.31 | | | $ | 4.81 | | | | 0.95 | % |
Class C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,015.20 | | | $ | 8.64 | | | | 1.71 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,016.50 | | | $ | 8.64 | | | | 1.71 | % |
Advisor Class | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.60 | | | $ | 3.55 | | | | 0.70 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,021.56 | | | $ | 3.55 | | | | 0.70 | % |
Class R | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,016.60 | | | $ | 6.67 | | | | 1.32 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,018.45 | | | $ | 6.68 | | | | 1.32 | % |
Class K | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,018.60 | | | $ | 5.62 | | | | 1.11 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,019.50 | | | $ | 5.62 | | | | 1.11 | % |
Class I | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actual | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,020.20 | | | $ | 3.44 | | | | 0.68 | % |
Hypothetical** | | $ | 1,000 | | | $ | 1,021.66 | | | $ | 3.45 | | | | 0.68 | % |
* | Expenses are equal to the classes’ annualized expense ratios, multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by 183/365 (to reflect the one-half year period). |
** | Assumes 5% annual return before expenses. |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 11 |
PORTFOLIO SUMMARY
November 30, 2022 (unaudited)
PORTFOLIO STATISTICS
Net Assets ($mil): $400.6
TEN LARGEST HOLDINGS2
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Company | | U.S. $ Value | | | Percent of Net Assets | |
| | |
Walmart, Inc. | | $ | 17,666,545 | | | | 4.4 | % |
| | |
Wells Fargo & Co. | | | 16,762,553 | | | | 4.2 | |
| | |
Bank of America Corp. | | | 14,827,813 | | | | 3.7 | |
| | |
Oracle Corp. | | | 13,228,588 | | | | 3.3 | |
| | |
PACCAR, Inc. | | | 12,808,014 | | | | 3.2 | |
| | |
Progressive Corp. (The) | | | 11,535,902 | | | | 2.9 | |
| | |
NXP Semiconductors NV | | | 11,064,908 | | | | 2.8 | |
| | |
PulteGroup, Inc. | | | 10,314,580 | | | | 2.6 | |
| | |
Medtronic PLC | | | 10,289,506 | | | | 2.6 | |
| | |
Comcast Corp. – Class A | | | 10,248,318 | | | | 2.6 | |
| | |
| | $ | 128,746,727 | | | | 32.3 | % |
1 | The Fund’s sector breakdown is expressed as a percentage of total investments and may vary over time. |
Please note: The sector classifications presented herein are based on the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) which was developed by Morgan Stanley Capital International and Standard & Poor’s. The components are divided into sector, industry group, and industry sub-indices as classified by the GICS for each of the market capitalization indices in the broad market. These sector classifications are broadly defined. The “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report reflects more specific industry information and is consistent with the investment restrictions discussed in the Fund’s prospectus.
| | |
| |
12 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS
November 30, 2022
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
COMMON STOCKS – 99.8% | |
Financials – 18.7% | |
Banks – 8.8% | |
Bank of America Corp. | | | 391,752 | | | $ | 14,827,813 | |
First Citizens BancShares, Inc./NC – Class A | | | 4,566 | | | | 3,727,956 | |
Wells Fargo & Co. | | | 349,584 | | | | 16,762,553 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 35,318,322 | |
| | | | | |
Capital Markets – 3.3% | |
LPL Financial Holdings, Inc. | | | 22,311 | | | | 5,281,237 | |
Morgan Stanley | | | 84,297 | | | | 7,845,522 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 13,126,759 | |
| | | | | |
Insurance – 6.6% | |
MetLife, Inc. | | | 130,918 | | | | 10,041,411 | |
Progressive Corp. (The) | | | 87,294 | | | | 11,535,902 | |
Reinsurance Group of America, Inc. | | | 33,346 | | | | 4,815,162 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 26,392,475 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | 74,837,556 | |
| | | | | |
Health Care – 15.8% | |
Health Care Equipment & Supplies – 4.1% | | | | | | | | |
Medtronic PLC | | | 130,181 | | | | 10,289,506 | |
Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. | | | 50,282 | | | | 6,038,868 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 16,328,374 | |
| | | | | |
Health Care Providers & Services – 3.7% | | | | | | | | |
Centene Corp.(a) | | | 102,178 | | | | 8,894,595 | |
UnitedHealth Group, Inc. | | | 10,674 | | | | 5,846,790 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 14,741,385 | |
| | | | | |
Life Sciences Tools & Services – 1.9% | | | | | | | | |
Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. | | | 13,735 | | | | 7,694,622 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Pharmaceuticals – 6.1% | | | | | | | | |
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | | | 58,233 | | | | 4,674,945 | |
Merck & Co., Inc. | | | 87,405 | | | | 9,625,039 | |
Roche Holding AG (Sponsored ADR) | | | 245,749 | | | | 10,056,049 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 24,356,033 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | 63,120,414 | |
| | | | | |
Consumer Discretionary – 12.1% | | | | | | | | |
Auto Components – 0.6% | | | | | | | | |
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. (The)(a) | | | 97,227 | | | | 1,090,887 | |
Magna International, Inc. | | | 18,240 | | | | 1,123,401 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 2,214,288 | |
| | | | | |
Automobiles – 1.8% | |
Ford Motor Co. | | | 528,969 | | | | 7,352,669 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure – 3.3% | | | | | | | | |
Hyatt Hotels Corp. – Class A(a) | | | 77,036 | | | | 7,728,251 | |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 13 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Restaurant Brands International, Inc. | | | 81,333 | | | $ | 5,396,445 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 13,124,696 | |
| | | | | |
Household Durables – 2.6% | |
PulteGroup, Inc. | | | 230,339 | | | | 10,314,580 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Internet & Direct Marketing Retail – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
eBay, Inc. | | | 94,622 | | | | 4,299,624 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Specialty Retail – 1.6% | |
AutoZone, Inc.(a) | | | 2,526 | | | | 6,514,554 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
Tapestry, Inc. | | | 118,080 | | | | 4,459,882 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 48,280,293 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Industrials – 9.8% | |
Aerospace & Defense – 0.8% | |
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. – Class A | | | 117,006 | | | | 3,066,727 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Construction & Engineering – 1.1% | | | | | | | | |
AECOM | | | 50,338 | | | | 4,278,730 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Electrical Equipment – 1.9% | |
Regal Rexnord Corp. | | | 36,104 | | | | 4,733,595 | |
Sensata Technologies Holding PLC | | | 65,938 | | | | 2,973,804 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 7,707,399 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Industrial Conglomerates – 1.0% | | | | | | | | |
General Electric Co. | | | 48,301 | | | | 4,152,437 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Machinery – 3.2% | |
PACCAR, Inc. | | | 120,933 | | | | 12,808,014 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Road & Rail – 0.5% | |
Lyft, Inc. – Class A(a) | | | 169,427 | | | | 1,900,971 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Trading Companies & Distributors – 1.3% | | | | | | | | |
WW Grainger, Inc. | | | 9,071 | | | | 5,470,358 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 39,384,636 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Information Technology – 9.4% | |
Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment – 2.8% | | | | | | | | |
NXP Semiconductors NV | | | 62,926 | | | | 11,064,908 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Software – 5.3% | |
NortonLifeLock, Inc. | | | 341,501 | | | | 7,840,863 | |
Oracle Corp. | | | 159,323 | | | | 13,228,588 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 21,069,451 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
14 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals – 1.3% | | | | | | | | |
Western Digital Corp.(a) | | | 145,649 | | | $ | 5,352,601 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 37,486,960 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Communication Services – 8.5% | |
Diversified Telecommunication Services – 3.4% | | | | | | | | |
Charter Communications, Inc. – Class A(a) | | | 8,984 | | | | 3,515,349 | |
Comcast Corp. – Class A | | | 279,703 | | | | 10,248,318 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 13,763,667 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Entertainment – 1.4% | |
Walt Disney Co. (The)(a) | | | 57,892 | | | | 5,665,890 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Interactive Media & Services – 2.1% | | | | | | | | |
Alphabet, Inc. – Class C(a) | | | 62,892 | | | | 6,380,393 | |
Meta Platforms, Inc. – Class A(a) | | | 17,339 | | | | 2,047,736 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 8,428,129 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Wireless Telecommunication Services – 1.6% | | | | | | | | |
T-Mobile US, Inc.(a) | | | 40,873 | | | | 6,190,625 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 34,048,311 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Energy – 7.1% | |
Energy Equipment & Services – 2.4% | | | | | | | | |
Baker Hughes Co. | | | 336,086 | | | | 9,753,216 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels – 4.7% | | | | | | | | |
Cameco Corp. | | | 164,108 | | | | 4,000,953 | |
EOG Resources, Inc. | | | 62,777 | | | | 8,909,940 | |
Valero Energy Corp. | | | 44,191 | | | | 5,904,801 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 18,815,694 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 28,568,910 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Consumer Staples – 6.9% | |
Beverages – 2.5% | |
Coca-Cola Co. (The) | | | 155,318 | | | | 9,879,778 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Food & Staples Retailing – 4.4% | | | | | | | | |
Walmart, Inc. | | | 115,907 | | | | 17,666,545 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 27,546,323 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Utilities – 4.6% | |
Electric Utilities – 2.2% | | | | | | | | |
American Electric Power Co., Inc. | | | 92,016 | | | | 8,907,149 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
Multi-Utilities – 2.4% | |
Ameren Corp. | | | 107,665 | | | | 9,616,638 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 18,523,787 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 15 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
Company | | Shares | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
Materials – 3.6% | |
Chemicals – 1.7% | |
LyondellBasell Industries NV – Class A | | | 80,345 | | | $ | 6,830,129 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Metals & Mining – 1.9% | | | | | | | | |
ATI, Inc.(a) | | | 251,469 | | | | 7,672,319 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 14,502,448 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Real Estate – 3.3% | | | | | | | | |
Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) – 3.3% | | | | | | | | |
Americold Realty Trust, Inc. | | | 99,388 | | | | 2,966,732 | |
CubeSmart | | | 110,775 | | | | 4,584,977 | |
VICI Properties, Inc. | | | 171,459 | | | | 5,863,898 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 13,415,607 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Common Stocks (cost $337,677,921) | | | | | | | 399,715,245 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS – 0.3% | | | | | | | | |
Investment Companies – 0.3% | | | | | | | | |
AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc. – Government Money Market Portfolio – Class AB, 3.50%(b)(c)(d) (cost $1,142,439) | | | 1,142,439 | | | | 1,142,439 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Total Investments – 100.1% (cost $338,820,360) | | | | | | | 400,857,684 | |
Other assets less liabilities – (0.1)% | | | | | | | (244,611 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Net Assets – 100.0% | | | | | | $ | 400,613,073 | |
| | | | | | | | |
(a) | Non-income producing security. |
(b) | Affiliated investments. |
(c) | The rate shown represents the 7-day yield as of period end. |
(d) | To obtain a copy of the fund’s shareholder report, please go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227-4618. |
Glossary:
ADR – American Depositary Receipt
REIT – Real Estate Investment Trust
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
16 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
STATEMENT OF ASSETS & LIABILITIES
November 30, 2022
| | | | |
Assets | |
Investments in securities, at value | |
Unaffiliated issuers (cost $337,677,921) | | $ | 399,715,245 | |
Affiliated issuers (cost $1,142,439) | | | 1,142,439 | |
Receivable for investment securities sold | | | 7,346,402 | |
Unaffiliated dividends receivable | | | 846,746 | |
Receivable for shares of beneficial interest sold | | | 16,775 | |
Affiliated dividends receivable | | | 2,082 | |
| | | | |
Total assets | | | 409,069,689 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities | | | | |
Payable for investment securities purchased | | | 7,400,256 | |
Payable for shares of beneficial interest redeemed | | | 726,595 | |
Advisory fee payable | | | 175,728 | |
Administrative fee payable | | | 18,123 | |
Distribution fee payable | | | 12,262 | |
Transfer Agent fee payable | | | 8,688 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 114,964 | |
| | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 8,456,616 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets | | $ | 400,613,073 | |
| | | | |
Composition of Net Assets | | | | |
Paid-in capital | | $ | 294,829,422 | |
Distributable earnings | | | 105,783,651 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets | | $ | 400,613,073 | |
| | | | |
Net Asset Value Per Share—unlimited shares authorized, without par value
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class | | Net Assets | | | Shares Outstanding | | | Net Asset Value | |
| |
A | | $ | 48,670,769 | | | | 2,811,448 | | | $ | 17.31 | * |
| |
C | | $ | 1,474,300 | | | | 84,871 | | | $ | 17.37 | |
| |
Advisor | | $ | 341,918,935 | | | | 19,697,681 | | | $ | 17.36 | |
| |
R | | $ | 327,905 | | | | 19,080 | | | $ | 17.19 | |
| |
K | | $ | 6,582,723 | | | | 388,646 | | | $ | 16.94 | |
| |
I | | $ | 1,638,441 | | | | 95,338 | | | $ | 17.19 | |
| |
* | The maximum offering price per share for Class A shares was $18.08 which reflects a sales charge of 4.25%. |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 17 |
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended November 30, 2022
| | | | | | | | |
Investment Income | |
Dividends | |
Unaffiliated issuers (net of foreign taxes withheld of $86,260) | | $ | 8,435,545 | | | | | |
Affiliated issuers | | | 12,145 | | | | | |
Securities lending income | | | 3,684 | | | $ | 8,451,374 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | |
Advisory fee (see Note B) | | | 2,241,213 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class A | | | 122,101 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class C | | | 15,044 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class R | | | 1,648 | | | | | |
Distribution fee—Class K | | | 17,390 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class A | | | 21,629 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class C | | | 786 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Advisor Class | | | 154,141 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class R | | | 705 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class K | | | 13,912 | | | | | |
Transfer agency—Class I | | | 323 | | | | | |
Administrative | | | 101,361 | | | | | |
Registration fees | | | 90,513 | | | | | |
Custody and accounting | | | 68,194 | | | | | |
Audit and tax | | | 56,378 | | | | | |
Legal | | | 37,529 | | | | | |
Printing | | | 31,914 | | | | | |
Trustees’ fees | | | 22,736 | | | | | |
Miscellaneous | | | 24,921 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total expenses | | | 3,022,438 | | | | | |
Less: expenses waived and reimbursed by the Adviser (see Notes B & E) | | | (1,026 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net expenses | | | | | | | 3,021,412 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | 5,429,962 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment and Foreign Currency Transactions | | | | | | | | |
Net realized gain on investment transactions | | | | | | | 39,963,402 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of: | | | | | | | | |
Investments | | | | | | | (31,191,299 | ) |
Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities | | | | | | | 113 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net gain on investment and foreign currency transactions | | | | | | | 8,772,216 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates (see Note B) | | | | | | | 13 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Increase in Net Assets from Operations | | | | | | $ | 14,202,191 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
18 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | |
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets from Operations | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | $ | 5,429,962 | | | $ | 4,726,565 | |
Net realized gain on investment transactions | | | 39,963,402 | | | | 47,496,583 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments and foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities | | | (31,191,186 | ) | | | 41,356,638 | |
Contributions from Affiliates (see Note B) | | | 13 | | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase in net assets from operations | | | 14,202,191 | | | | 93,579,786 | |
Distributions to Shareholders | |
Class A | | | (4,822,400 | ) | | | (513,606 | ) |
Class C | | | (124,090 | ) | | | (828 | ) |
Advisor Class | | | (35,661,440 | ) | | | (4,454,741 | ) |
Class R | | | (32,231 | ) | | | (1,380 | ) |
Class K | | | (714,299 | ) | | | (65,667 | ) |
Class I | | | (176,866 | ) | | | (22,428 | ) |
Transactions in Shares of Beneficial Interest | | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) | | | 2,234,670 | | | | (29,455,800 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total increase (decrease) | | | (25,094,465 | ) | | | 59,065,336 | |
Net Assets | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | | 425,707,538 | | | | 366,642,202 | |
| | | | | | | | |
End of period | | $ | 400,613,073 | | | $ | 425,707,538 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 19 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2022
NOTE A
Significant Accounting Policies
AB Trust (the “Trust”) is organized as a Massachusetts business trust and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as a diversified, open-end management investment company. The Trust operates as a series company currently comprised of three funds. Each fund is considered to be a separate entity for financial reporting and tax purposes. This report relates only to the AB Value Fund (the “Fund”), a diversified fund. The Fund offers Class A, Class C, Advisor Class, Class R, Class K and Class I shares. Class B shares have been authorized but currently are not offered. Class A shares are sold with a front-end sales charge of up to 4.25% for purchases not exceeding $1,000,000. With respect to purchases of $1,000,000 or more, Class A shares redeemed within one year of purchase may be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1%. Class C shares are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge of 1% on redemptions made within the first year after purchase, and 0% after the first year of purchase. Effective May 31, 2021, Class C shares automatically convert to Class A shares eight years after the end of the calendar month of purchase. Prior to May 31, 2021, Class C shares automatically converted to Class A shares 10 years after the end of the calendar month of purchase. Class R and Class K shares are sold without an initial or contingent deferred sales charge. Advisor Class and Class I shares are sold without an initial or contingent deferred sales charge and are not subject to ongoing distribution expenses. All seven classes of shares have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights, except that the classes bear different distribution and transfer agency expenses. Each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to its distribution plan. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), which require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Fund is an investment company under U.S. GAAP and follows the accounting and reporting guidance applicable to investment companies. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund.
1. Security Valuation
Portfolio securities are valued at market value determined on the basis of market quotations or, if market quotations are not readily available or are unreliable, at “fair value” as determined in accordance with procedures approved by and under the oversight of the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). Pursuant to these procedures, AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) serves as the Fund’s valuation designee pursuant to Rule 2a-5 of the 1940 Act. In this capacity, the Adviser is responsible, among other
| | |
| |
20 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
things, for making all fair value determinations relating to the Fund’s portfolio investments, subject to the Board’s oversight.
In general, the market values of securities which are readily available and deemed reliable are determined as follows: securities listed on a national securities exchange (other than securities listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”)) or on a foreign securities exchange are valued at the last sale price at the close of the exchange or foreign securities exchange. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the last traded price from the previous day. Securities listed on more than one exchange are valued by reference to the principal exchange on which the securities are traded; securities listed only on NASDAQ are valued in accordance with the NASDAQ Official Closing Price; listed or over the counter (“OTC”) market put or call options are valued at the mid level between the current bid and ask prices. If either a current bid or current ask price is unavailable, the Adviser will have discretion to determine the best valuation (e.g., last trade price in the case of listed options); open futures are valued using the closing settlement price or, in the absence of such a price, the most recent quoted bid price. If there are no quotations available for the day of valuation, the last available closing settlement price is used; U.S. Government securities and any other debt instruments having 60 days or less remaining until maturity are generally valued at market by an independent pricing vendor, if a market price is available. If a market price is not available, the securities are valued at amortized cost. This methodology is commonly used for short term securities that have an original maturity of 60 days or less, as well as short term securities that had an original term to maturity that exceeded 60 days. In instances when amortized cost is utilized, the Valuation Committee (the “Committee”) must reasonably conclude that the utilization of amortized cost is approximately the same as the fair value of the security. Factors the Committee will consider include, but are not limited to, an impairment of the creditworthiness of the issuer or material changes in interest rates. Fixed-income securities, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, may be valued on the basis of prices provided by a pricing service or at a price obtained from one or more of the major broker-dealers. In cases where broker-dealer quotes are obtained, the Adviser may establish procedures whereby changes in market yields or spreads are used to adjust, on a daily basis, a recently obtained quoted price on a security. Swaps and other derivatives are valued daily, primarily using independent pricing services, independent pricing models using market inputs, as well as third party broker-dealers or counterparties. Open-end mutual funds are valued at the closing net asset value per share, while exchange traded funds are valued at the closing market price per share.
Securities for which market quotations are not readily available (including restricted securities) or are deemed unreliable are valued at fair value as
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 21 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
deemed appropriate by the Adviser. Factors considered in making this determination may include, but are not limited to, information obtained by contacting the issuer, analysts, analysis of the issuer’s financial statements or other available documents. In addition, the Fund may use fair value pricing for securities primarily traded in non-U.S. markets because most foreign markets close well before the Fund values its securities at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The earlier close of these foreign markets gives rise to the possibility that significant events, including broad market moves, may have occurred in the interim and may materially affect the value of those securities. To account for this, the Fund generally values many of its foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available.
2. Fair Value Measurements
In accordance with U.S. GAAP regarding fair value measurements, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability (including those valued based on their market values as described in Note A.1 above). Inputs may be observable or unobservable and refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Fund. Unobservable inputs reflect the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. Each investment is assigned a level based upon the observability of the inputs which are significant to the overall valuation. The three-tier hierarchy of inputs is summarized below.
| • | | Level 1—quoted prices in active markets for identical investments |
| • | | Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.) |
| • | | Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) |
Where readily available market prices or relevant bid prices are not available for certain equity investments, such investments may be valued based on similar publicly traded investments, movements in relevant indices since last available prices or based upon underlying company fundamentals and comparable company data (such as multiples to earnings or other multiples to equity). Where an investment is valued using an observable input,
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22 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
such as another publicly traded security, the investment will be classified as Level 2. If management determines that an adjustment is appropriate based on restrictions on resale, illiquidity or uncertainty, and such adjustment is a significant component of the valuation, the investment will be classified as Level 3. An investment will also be classified as Level 3 where management uses company fundamentals and other significant inputs to determine the valuation.
The following table summarizes the valuation of the Fund’s investments by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of November 30, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in Securities: | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
Assets: | |
Common Stocks(a) | | $ | 399,715,245 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 399,715,245 | |
Short-Term Investments | | | 1,142,439 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 1,142,439 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Investments in Securities | | | 400,857,684 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 400,857,684 | |
Other Financial Instruments(b) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 400,857,684 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 400,857,684 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | See Portfolio of Investments for sector classifications. |
(b) | Other financial instruments are derivative instruments, such as futures, forwards and swaps, which are valued at the unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on the instrument. Other financial instruments may also include swaps with upfront premiums, written options and written swaptions which are valued at market value. |
3. Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and commitments under forward currency exchange contracts are translated into U.S. dollars at the mean of the quoted bid and ask prices of such currencies against the U.S. dollar. Purchases and sales of portfolio securities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange prevailing when such securities were acquired or sold. Income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at rates of exchange prevailing when accrued.
Net realized gain or loss on foreign currency transactions represents foreign exchange gains and losses from sales and maturities of foreign fixed income investments, holding of foreign currencies, currency gains or losses realized between the trade and settlement dates on foreign investment transactions, and the difference between the amounts of dividends, interest and foreign withholding taxes recorded on the Fund’s books and the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts actually received or paid. Net unrealized currency gains and losses from valuing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities at period end exchange rates are reflected as a component of net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 23 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
4. Taxes
It is the Fund’s policy to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute all of its investment company taxable income and net realized gains, if any, to shareholders. Therefore, no provisions for federal income or excise taxes are required. The Fund may be subject to taxes imposed by countries in which it invests. Such taxes are generally based on income and/or capital gains earned or repatriated. Taxes are accrued and applied to net investment income, net realized gains and net unrealized appreciation/depreciation as such income and/or gains are earned.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements regarding accounting for uncertainties in income taxes, management has analyzed the Fund’s tax positions taken or expected to be taken on federal and state income tax returns for all open tax years (the current and the prior three tax years) and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the Fund���s financial statements.
5. Investment Income and Investment Transactions
Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date or as soon as the Fund is informed of the dividend. Interest income is accrued daily. Investment transactions are accounted for on the date the securities are purchased or sold. Investment gains or losses are determined on the identified cost basis. Non-cash dividends, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date at the fair value of the securities received. The Fund amortizes premiums and accretes discounts as adjustments to interest income. The Fund accounts for distributions received from REIT investments or from regulated investment companies as dividend income, realized gain, or return of capital based on information provided by the REIT or the investment company.
6. Class Allocations
All income earned and expenses incurred by the Fund are borne on a pro-rata basis by each outstanding class of shares, based on the proportionate interest in the Fund represented by the net assets of such class, except for class specific expenses which are allocated to the respective class. Expenses of the Trust are charged proportionately to each fund or based on other appropriate methods. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are allocated among the various share classes based on respective net assets.
7. Dividends and Distributions
Dividends and distributions to shareholders, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Income dividends and capital gains distributions are determined in accordance with federal tax regulations and may differ from
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24 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
those determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. To the extent these differences are permanent, such amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax basis treatment; temporary differences do not require such reclassification.
NOTE B
Advisory Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Under the terms of the investment advisory agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an advisory fee at an annual rate of .55% of the first $2.5 billion, .45% of the next $2.5 billion and .40% in excess of $5 billion, of the Fund’s average daily net assets. The fee is accrued daily and paid monthly.
Pursuant to the investment advisory agreement, the Fund may reimburse the Adviser for certain legal and accounting services provided to the Fund by the Adviser. For the year ended November 30, 2022, the reimbursement for such services amounted to $101,361.
The Fund compensates AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, under a Transfer Agency Agreement for providing personnel and facilities to perform transfer agency services for the Fund. ABIS may make payments to intermediaries that provide omnibus account services, sub-accounting services and/or networking services. Such compensation retained by ABIS amounted to $103,523 for the year ended November 30, 2022.
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (the “Distributor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, serves as the distributor of the Fund’s shares. The Distributor has advised the Fund that it has retained front-end sales charges of $1,374 from the sale of Class A shares and received $86 and $1,648 in contingent deferred sales charges imposed upon redemptions by shareholders of Class A and Class C shares, respectively, for the year ended November 30, 2022.
The Fund may invest in AB Government Money Market Portfolio (the “Government Money Market Portfolio”) which has a contractual annual advisory fee rate of .20% of the portfolio’s average daily net assets and bears its own expenses. The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive .10% of the advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio (resulting in a net advisory fee of .10%) until August 31, 2023. In connection with the investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its advisory fee from the Fund in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the effective advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. For the year ended November 30, 2022, such waiver amounted to $1,009.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 25 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
A summary of the Fund’s transactions in AB mutual funds for the year ended November 30, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fund | | Market Value 11/30/21 (000) | | | Purchases at Cost (000) | | | Sales Proceeds (000) | | | Market Value 11/30/22 (000) | | | Dividend Income (000) | |
Government Money Market Portfolio | | $ | 322 | | | $ | 132,546 | | | $ | 131,726 | | | $ | 1,142 | | | $ | 12 | |
Government Money Market Portfolio* | | | 2,519 | | | | 15,226 | | | | 17,745 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 0 | ** |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,142 | | | $ | 12 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
* | Investments of cash collateral for securities lending transactions (see Note E). |
** | Amount is less than $500. |
During the year ended November 30, 2022, the Adviser reimbursed the Fund $13 for losses incurred due to a dividend estimate error.
NOTE C
Distribution Services Agreement
The Fund has adopted a Distribution Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Under the Agreement, the Fund pays distribution and servicing fees to the Distributor at an annual rate of up to .30% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares, 1% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class C shares, .50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class R shares and .25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class K shares. There are no distribution and servicing fees on the Advisor Class and Class I shares. Payments under the Agreement in respect of Class A shares are limited to an annual rate of .25% of Class A shares’ average daily net assets. The fees are accrued daily and paid monthly. The Agreement provides that the Distributor will use such payments in their entirety for distribution assistance and promotional activities. Since the commencement of the Fund’s operations, the Distributor has incurred expenses in excess of the distribution costs reimbursed by the Fund in the amounts of $977,641, $147,868 and $84,899 for Class C, Class R and Class K shares, respectively. While such costs may be recovered from the Fund in future periods so long as the Agreement is in effect, the rate of the distribution and servicing fees payable under the Agreement may not be increased without a shareholder vote. In accordance with the Agreement, there is no provision for recovery of unreimbursed distribution costs incurred by the Distributor beyond the current fiscal year for Class A shares. The Agreement also provides that the Adviser may use its own resources to finance the distribution of the Fund’s shares.
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26 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE D
Investment Transactions
Purchases and sales of investment securities (excluding short-term investments) for the year ended November 30, 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Purchases | | | Sales | |
Investment securities (excluding U.S. government securities) | | $ | 185,312,724 | | | $ | 219,184,992 | |
U.S. government securities | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
The cost of investments for federal income tax purposes, gross unrealized appreciation and unrealized depreciation are as follows:
| | | | |
Cost | | $ | 339,423,877 | |
| | | | |
Gross unrealized appreciation | | $ | 78,685,419 | |
Gross unrealized depreciation | | | (17,251,612 | ) |
| | | | |
Net unrealized appreciation | | $ | 61,433,807 | |
| | | | |
1. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Fund may use derivatives in an effort to earn income and enhance returns, to replace more traditional direct investments, to obtain exposure to otherwise inaccessible markets (collectively, “investment purposes”), or to hedge or adjust the risk profile of its portfolio.
The Fund did not engage in derivatives transactions for the year ended November 30, 2022.
2. Currency Transactions
The Fund may invest in non-U.S. Dollar-denominated securities on a currency hedged or unhedged basis. The Fund may seek investment opportunities by taking long or short positions in currencies through the use of currency-related derivatives, including forward currency exchange contracts, futures and options on futures, swaps, and other options. The Fund may enter into transactions for investment opportunities when it anticipates that a foreign currency will appreciate or depreciate in value but securities denominated in that currency are not held by the Fund and do not present attractive investment opportunities. Such transactions may also be used when the Adviser believes that it may be more efficient than a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated security. The Fund may also conduct currency exchange contracts on a spot basis (i.e., for cash at the spot rate prevailing in the currency exchange market for buying or selling currencies).
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 27 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE E
Securities Lending
The Fund may enter into securities lending transactions. Under the Fund’s securities lending program, all loans of securities will be collateralized continually by cash collateral and/or non-cash collateral. Non-cash collateral will include only securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities. The Fund cannot sell or repledge any non-cash collateral, such collateral will not be reflected in the portfolio of investments. If a loan is collateralized by cash, the Fund will be compensated for the loan from a portion of the net return from the income earned on cash collateral after a rebate is paid to the borrower (in some cases, this rebate may be a “negative rebate” or fee paid by the borrower to the Fund in connection with the loan), and payments are made for fees of the securities lending agent and for certain other administrative expenses. If the Fund receives non-cash collateral, the Fund will receive a fee from the borrower generally equal to a negotiated percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. The Fund will have the right to call a loan and obtain the securities loaned at any time on notice to the borrower within the normal and customary settlement time for the securities. While the securities are on loan, the borrower is obligated to pay the Fund amounts equal to any dividend income or other distributions from the securities; however, these distributions will not be afforded the same preferential tax treatment as qualified dividends. The Fund will not be able to exercise voting rights with respect to any securities during the existence of a loan, but will have the right to regain ownership of loaned securities in order to exercise voting or other ownership rights. Collateral received and securities loaned are marked to market daily to ensure that the securities loaned are secured by collateral. The lending agent currently invests the cash collateral received in Government Money Market Portfolio, an eligible money market vehicle, in accordance with the investment restrictions of the Fund, and as approved by the Board. The collateral received on securities loaned is recorded as an asset as well as a corresponding liability in the statement of assets and liabilities. The collateral will be adjusted the next business day to maintain the required collateral amount. The amounts of securities lending income from the borrowers and Government Money Market Portfolio are reflected in the statement of operations. When the Fund earns net securities lending income from Government Money Market Portfolio, the income is inclusive of a rebate expense paid to the borrower. In connection with the cash collateral investment by the Fund in Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has agreed to waive a portion of the Fund’s share of the advisory fees of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. When the Fund lends securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned. A principal risk of lending portfolio securities is that the borrower may fail to return the loaned
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
securities upon termination of the loan and that the collateral will not be sufficient to replace the loaned securities. The lending agent has agreed to indemnify the Fund in the case of default of any securities borrower.
A summary of the Fund’s transactions surrounding securities lending for the year ended November 30, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Government Money Market Portfolio | |
Market Value of Securities on Loan* | | | Cash Collateral* | | | Market Value of Non-Cash Collateral* | | | Income from Borrowers | | | Income Earned | | | Advisory Fee Waived | |
$ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 3,568 | | | $ | 116 | | | $ | 17 | |
* | As of November 30, 2022. |
NOTE F
Shares of Beneficial Interest
Transactions in shares of beneficial interest for each class were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | | | | Amount | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | | | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Class A | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 137,477 | | | | 104,025 | | | | | | | $ | 2,315,350 | | | $ | 1,873,392 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 244,701 | | | | 29,169 | | | | | | | | 4,213,745 | | | | 440,446 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares converted from Class C | | | 7,743 | | | | 19,330 | | | | | | | | 132,560 | | | | 362,348 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (301,779 | ) | | | (336,268 | ) | | | | | | | (5,036,982 | ) | | | (5,948,838 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) | | | 88,142 | | | | (183,744 | ) | | | | | | $ | 1,624,673 | | | $ | (3,272,652 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 38,449 | | | | 59,722 | | | | | | | $ | 649,158 | | | $ | 1,097,983 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 4,990 | | | | 32 | | | | | | | | 86,833 | | | | 495 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares converted to Class A | | | (7,686 | ) | | | (19,212 | ) | | | | | | | (132,560 | ) | | | (362,348 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (27,569 | ) | | | (34,301 | ) | | | | | | | (444,465 | ) | | | (631,610 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net increase | | | 8,184 | | | | 6,241 | | | | | | | $ | 158,966 | | | $ | 104,520 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 29 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | | | | Amount | | | | |
| | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | | | Year Ended November 30, 2022 | | | Year Ended November 30, 2021 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Advisor Class | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 1,977,506 | | | | 2,051,586 | | | | | | | $ | 33,412,153 | | | $ | 35,906,418 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 1,827,748 | | | | 252,827 | | | | | | | | 31,473,817 | | | | 3,817,681 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (3,798,401 | ) | | | (3,711,354 | ) | | | | | | | (63,929,432 | ) | | | (65,667,145 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) | | | 6,853 | | | | (1,406,941 | ) | | | | | | $ | 956,538 | | | $ | (25,943,046 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class R | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 3,140 | | | | 2,017 | | | | | | | $ | 53,351 | | | $ | 34,069 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 1,878 | | | | 92 | | | | | | | | 32,230 | | | | 1,380 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (5,307 | ) | | | (4,464 | ) | | | | | | | (90,124 | ) | | | (74,828 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (289 | ) | | | (2,355 | ) | | | | | | $ | (4,543 | ) | | $ | (39,379 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class K | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 104,716 | | | | 118,527 | | | | | | | $ | 1,733,886 | | | $ | 2,060,679 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 42,341 | | | | 4,428 | | | | | | | | 714,292 | | | | 65,666 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (176,899 | ) | | | (133,193 | ) | | | | | | | (2,914,819 | ) | | | (2,320,728 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (29,842 | ) | | | (10,238 | ) | | | | | | $ | (466,641 | ) | | $ | (194,383 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Class I | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares sold | | | 1,797 | | | | 1,309 | | | | | | | $ | 29,835 | | | $ | 23,244 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares issued in reinvestment of dividends and distributions | | | 2,266 | | | | 295 | | | | | | | | 38,642 | | | | 4,419 | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Shares redeemed | | | (6,089 | ) | | | (7,660 | ) | | | | | | | (102,800 | ) | | | (138,523 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net decrease | | | (2,026 | ) | | | (6,056 | ) | | | | | | $ | (34,323 | ) | | $ | (110,860 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | |
NOTE G
Risks Involved in Investing in the Fund
Market Risk—The value of the Fund’s investments will fluctuate as the stock or bond market fluctuates. The value of its investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events, including public health crises (including the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness) and regional and global conflicts, that affect large portions of the market. It includes the risk that a particular style of investing, such as the Fund’s value approach, may be underperforming the market generally.
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30 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Foreign (Non-U.S.) Risk—Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve more risk than those of U.S. issuers. These securities may fluctuate more widely in price and may be more difficult to trade due to adverse market, economic, political, regulatory or other factors.
Currency Risk—Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s investments or reduce its returns.
Derivatives Risk—Derivatives may be difficult to price or unwind and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund. A short position in a derivative instrument involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the value of the underlying instrument, which could cause the Fund to suffer a (potentially unlimited) loss. Derivatives, especially over-the-counter derivatives, are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable or unwilling to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund.
LIBOR Transition and Associated Risk—A Fund may be exposed to debt securities, derivatives or other financial instruments that utilize the London Interbank Offered Rate, or “LIBOR,” as a “benchmark” or “reference rate” for various interest rate calculations. In 2017, the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced a desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021. The FCA and LIBOR’s administrator, ICE Benchmark Administration, have since announced that most LIBOR settings (which reflect LIBOR rates quoted in different currencies over various time periods) will no longer be published after the end of 2021 but that the most widely used U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will continue to be published until June 30, 2023. However, banks were strongly encouraged to cease entering into agreements with counterparties referencing LIBOR by the end of 2021. It is possible that a subset of LIBOR settings will be published after these dates on a “synthetic” basis, but any such publications would be considered non-representative of the underlying market. Since 2018 the Federal Reserve Bank of New York has published the secured overnight funding rate (referred to as SOFR), which is intended to replace U.S. Dollar LIBOR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement (repo) market and has been used increasingly on a voluntary basis in new instruments and transactions. In addition, on March 15, 2022, the Adjustable Interest Rate Act was signed into law. This law provides a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR with a benchmark rate that is selected by the Federal Reserve Board and based on SOFR for certain contracts that reference LIBOR without adequate fallback provisions.
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 31 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The elimination of LIBOR or changes to other reference rates or any other changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of reference rates could have an adverse impact on the market for, or value of, any securities or payments linked to those reference rates, which may adversely affect a Fund’s performance and/or net asset value. Uncertainty and risk also remain regarding the willingness and ability of issuers and lenders to include revised provisions in new and existing contracts or instruments. Consequently, the transition from LIBOR to other reference rates may lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that are tied to LIBOR, fluctuations in values of LIBOR-related investments or investments in issuers that utilize LIBOR, increased difficulty in borrowing or refinancing and diminished effectiveness of hedging strategies, potentially adversely affecting a Fund’s performance. Furthermore, the risks associated with the expected discontinuation of LIBOR and transition may be exacerbated if the work necessary to effect an orderly transition to an alternative reference rate is not completed in a timely manner. Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known.
Indemnification Risk—In the ordinary course of business, the Fund enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. However, the Fund has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these indemnification provisions and expects the risk of loss thereunder to be remote. Therefore, the Fund has not accrued any liability in connection with these indemnification provisions.
Management Risk—The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively-managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Portfolio, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results. Some of these techniques may incorporate, or rely upon, quantitative models, but there is no guarantee that these models will generate accurate forecasts, reduce risk or otherwise perform as expected.
NOTE H
Joint Credit Facility
A number of open-end mutual funds managed by the Adviser, including the Fund, participate in a $325 million revolving credit facility (the “Facility”) intended to provide short-term financing related to redemptions and other short term liquidity requirements, subject to certain restrictions. Commitment fees related to the Facility are paid by the participating funds and are included in miscellaneous expenses in the statement of operations. The Fund did not utilize the Facility during the year ended November 30, 2022.
| | |
| |
32 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE I
Distributions to Shareholders
The tax character of distributions paid during the fiscal years ended November 30, 2022 and November 30, 2021 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | |
Distributions paid from: | | | | | | | | |
Ordinary income | | $ | 16,429,574 | | | $ | 5,058,650 | |
Net long-term capital gains | | | 25,101,752 | | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | |
Total taxable distributions paid | | $ | 41,531,326 | | | $ | 5,058,650 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As of November 30, 2022, the components of accumulated earnings (deficit) on a tax basis were as follows:
| | | | |
Undistributed ordinary income | | $ | 4,908,608 | |
Undistributed capital gains | | | 39,441,123 | |
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) | | | 61,433,920 | (a) |
| | | | |
Total accumulated earnings (deficit) | | $ | 105,783,651 | |
| | | | |
(a) | The difference between book-basis and tax-basis unrealized appreciation (depreciation) is attributable primarily to the tax deferral of losses on wash sales. |
For tax purposes, net realized capital losses may be carried over to offset future capital gains, if any. Funds are permitted to carry forward capital losses for an indefinite period, and such losses will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses. As of November 30, 2022, the Fund did not have any capital loss carryforwards.
During the current fiscal year, permanent differences primarily due to contributions from the Adviser resulted in a net increase in distributable earnings and a net decrease in additional paid-in capital. These reclassifications had no effect on net assets.
NOTE J
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Accounting Standards Update, ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden due to the discontinuation of the LIBOR and other interbank-offered based reference rates. ASU 2020-04 is effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. Management is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of applying ASU 2020-04.
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 33 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NOTE K
Subsequent Events
Management has evaluated subsequent events for possible recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through the date the financial statements are issued. Management has determined that there are no material events that would require disclosure in the Fund’s financial statements through this date.
| | |
| |
34 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class A | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 18.45 | | | | $ 14.86 | | | | $ 15.30 | | | | $ 15.36 | | | | $ 15.93 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .19 | | | | .16 | | | | .19 | | | | .20 | | | | .14 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | .44 | | | | 3.61 | | | | (.30 | ) | | | .38 | | | | (.55 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | .63 | | | | 3.77 | | | | (.11 | ) | | | .58 | | | | (.41 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.18 | ) | | | (.18 | ) | | | (.22 | ) | | | (.15 | ) | | | (.16 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (1.59 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (1.77 | ) | | | (.18 | ) | | | (.33 | ) | | | (.64 | ) | | | (.16 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 17.31 | | | | $ 18.45 | | | | $ 14.86 | | | | $ 15.30 | | | | $ 15.36 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | 3.39 | % | | | 25.68 | % | | | (.76 | )% | | | 4.14 | % | | | (2.52 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $48,671 | | | | $50,255 | | | | $43,203 | | | | $46,800 | | | | $51,284 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | .95 | % | | | .95 | % | | | .99 | % | | | .99 | % | | | .97 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | .95 | % | | | .95 | % | | | .99 | % | | | .99 | % | | | .97 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 1.12 | % | | | .90 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.38 | % | | | .90 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 46 | % | | | 42 | % | | | 61 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 40 | % |
See footnote summary on page 41.
| | |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 35 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class C | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 18.50 | | | | $ 14.85 | | | | $ 15.28 | | | | $ 15.30 | | | | $ 15.81 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .06 | | | | .03 | | | | .09 | | | | .09 | | | | .02 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | .44 | | | | 3.63 | | | | (.32 | ) | | | .38 | | | | (.53 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | .50 | | | | 3.66 | | | | (.23 | ) | | | .47 | | | | (.51 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.04 | ) | | | (.01 | ) | | | (.09 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (1.59 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (1.63 | ) | | | (.01 | ) | | | (.20 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 17.37 | | | | $ 18.50 | | | | $ 14.85 | | | | $ 15.28 | | | | $ 15.30 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | 2.62 | % | | | 24.75 | % | | | (1.54 | )% | | | 3.35 | % | | | (3.23 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $1,474 | | | | $1,419 | | | | $1,046 | | | | $1,899 | | | | $2,681 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.71 | % | | | 1.71 | % | | | 1.75 | % | | | 1.74 | % | | | 1.72 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.71 | % | | | 1.71 | % | | | 1.75 | % | | | 1.74 | % | | | 1.73 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | .38 | % | | | .15 | % | | | .69 | % | | | .62 | % | | | .13 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 46 | % | | | 42 | % | | | 61 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 40 | % |
See footnote summary on page 41.
| | |
| |
36 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Advisor Class | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 18.50 | | | | $ 14.90 | | | | $ 15.33 | | | | $ 15.40 | | | | $ 15.96 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .23 | | | | .21 | | | | .23 | | | | .24 | | | | .18 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | .44 | | | | 3.60 | | | | (.30 | ) | | | .37 | | | | (.54 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | .67 | | | | 3.81 | | | | (.07 | ) | | | .61 | | | | (.36 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.22 | ) | | | (.21 | ) | | | (.25 | ) | | | (.19 | ) | | | (.20 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (1.59 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (1.81 | ) | | | (.21 | ) | | | (.36 | ) | | | (.68 | ) | | | (.20 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 17.36 | | | | $ 18.50 | | | | $ 14.90 | | | | $ 15.33 | | | | $ 15.40 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | 3.66 | % | | | 25.97 | % | | | (.47 | )% | | | 4.43 | % | | | (2.31 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $341,919 | | | | $364,323 | | | | $314,298 | | | | $320,680 | | | | $312,921 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | .70 | % | | | .70 | % | | | .74 | % | | | .74 | % | | | .72 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | .70 | % | | | .70 | % | | | .74 | % | | | .74 | % | | | .72 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 1.37 | % | | | 1.15 | % | | | 1.68 | % | | | 1.64 | % | | | 1.15 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 46 | % | | | 42 | % | | | 61 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 40 | % |
See footnote summary on page 41.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 37 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class R | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 18.32 | | | | $ 14.71 | | | | $ 15.14 | | | | $ 15.20 | | | | $ 15.76 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .12 | | | | .08 | | | | .13 | | | | .13 | | | | .07 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | .43 | | | | 3.59 | | | | (.30 | ) | | | .38 | | | | (.53 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | .55 | | | | 3.67 | | | | (.17 | ) | | | .51 | | | | (.46 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.09 | ) | | | (.06 | ) | | | (.15 | ) | | | (.08 | ) | | | (.10 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (1.59 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (1.68 | ) | | | (.06 | ) | | | (.26 | ) | | | (.57 | ) | | | (.10 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 17.19 | | | | $ 18.32 | | | | $ 14.71 | | | | $ 15.14 | | | | $ 15.20 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | 2.91 | % | | | 25.14 | % | | | (1.18 | )% | | | 3.69 | % | | | (2.96 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $328 | | | | $355 | | | | $320 | | | | $578 | | | | $847 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.37 | % | | | 1.41 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.42 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.37 | % | | | 1.41 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.42 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | .71 | % | | | .44 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | .90 | % | | | .43 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 46 | % | | | 42 | % | | | 61 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 40 | % |
See footnote summary on page 41.
| | |
| |
38 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class K | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 18.09 | | | | $ 14.57 | | | | $ 15.01 | | | | $ 15.08 | | | | $ 15.63 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .16 | | | | .13 | | | | .17 | | | | .18 | | | | .12 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | .43 | | | | 3.54 | | | | (.30 | ) | | | .37 | | | | (.53 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | .59 | | | | 3.67 | | | | (.13 | ) | | | .55 | | | | (.41 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.15 | ) | | | (.15 | ) | | | (.20 | ) | | | (.13 | ) | | | (.14 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (1.59 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (1.74 | ) | | | (.15 | ) | | | (.31 | ) | | | (.62 | ) | | | (.14 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 16.94 | | | | $ 18.09 | | | | $ 14.57 | | | | $ 15.01 | | | | $ 15.08 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | 3.25 | % | | | 25.51 | % | | | (.94 | )% | | | 4.03 | % | | | (2.65 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $6,583 | | | | $7,571 | | | | $6,248 | | | | $7,267 | | | | $8,380 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.11 | % | | | 1.11 | % | | | 1.14 | % | | | 1.13 | % | | | 1.11 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | 1.11 | % | | | 1.11 | % | | | 1.14 | % | | | 1.13 | % | | | 1.11 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | .97 | % | | | .74 | % | | | 1.28 | % | | | 1.24 | % | | | .75 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 46 | % | | | 42 | % | | | 61 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 40 | % |
See footnote summary on page 41.
| | |
| |
abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 39 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Class I | |
| | Year Ended November 30, | |
| | 2022 | | | 2021 | | | 2020 | | | 2019 | | | 2018 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 18.34 | | | | $ 14.77 | | | | $ 15.20 | | | | $ 15.27 | | | | $ 15.82 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(a)(b) | | | .23 | | | | .21 | | | | .23 | | | | .24 | | | | .18 | |
| | | | | |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | .44 | | | | 3.58 | | | | (.29 | ) | | | .38 | | | | (.53 | ) |
| | | | | |
Contributions from Affiliates | | | .00 | (c) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | .67 | | | | 3.79 | | | | (.06 | ) | | | .62 | | | | (.35 | ) |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Dividends from net investment income | | | (.23 | ) | | | (.22 | ) | | | (.26 | ) | | | (.20 | ) | | | (.20 | ) |
| | | | | |
Distributions from net realized gain on investment transactions | | | (1.59 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | (.11 | ) | | | (.49 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (1.82 | ) | | | (.22 | ) | | | (.37 | ) | | | (.69 | ) | | | (.20 | ) |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 17.19 | | | | $ 18.34 | | | | $ 14.77 | | | | $ 15.20 | | | | $ 15.27 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total investment return based on net asset value(d)* | | | 3.66 | % | | | 25.97 | % | | | (.44 | )% | | | 4.42 | % | | | (2.16 | )% |
| | | | | |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) | | | $1,638 | | | | $1,785 | | | | $1,527 | | | | $1,613 | | | | $1,479 | |
| | | | | |
Ratio to average net assets of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements | | | .68 | % | | | .68 | % | | | .71 | % | | | .70 | % | | | .68 | % |
| | | | | |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements | | | .68 | % | | | .68 | % | | | .71 | % | | | .70 | % | | | .68 | % |
| | | | | |
Net investment income(b) | | | 1.40 | % | | | 1.17 | % | | | 1.72 | % | | | 1.68 | % | | | 1.17 | % |
| | | | | |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 46 | % | | | 42 | % | | | 61 | % | | | 45 | % | | | 40 | % |
See footnote summary on page 41.
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40 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
(a) | Based on average shares outstanding. |
(b) | Net of expenses waived/reimbursed by the Adviser. |
(c) | Amount is less than $.005. |
(d) | Total investment return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period, and redemption on the last day of the period. Initial sales charges or contingent deferred sales charges are not reflected in the calculation of total investment return. Total return does not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or the redemption of fund shares. Total investment return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
* | Includes the impact of proceeds received and credited to the Fund resulting from class action settlements, which enhanced the Fund’s performance for the years ended November 30, 2019 and November 30, 2018 by .04% and .06%, respectively. |
See notes to financial statements.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 41 |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Trustees of
AB Value Fund
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of AB Value Fund (the “Fund”) (one of the funds constituting AB Trust (the “Trust”)), including the portfolio of investments, as of November 30, 2022, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund (one of the funds constituting AB Trust) at November 30, 2022, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and its financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Trust’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Trust in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Trust is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and
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42 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM (continued)
disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of November 30, 2022, by correspondence with the custodian, brokers and others; when replies were not received from brokers or others, we performed other auditing procedures. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the auditor of one or more of the AB investment companies since 1968.
New York, New York
January 26, 2023
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 43 |
2022 FEDERAL TAX INFORMATION
(unaudited)
For Federal income tax purposes, the following information is furnished with respect to the distributions paid by the Fund during the taxable year ended November 30, 2022. For corporate shareholders, 36.56% of dividends paid qualify for the dividends received deduction. For individual shareholders, the Fund designates 41.96% of dividends paid as qualified dividend income. The Fund designates $25,101,752 of dividends paid as long-term capital gain dividends.
Shareholders should not use the above information to prepare their income tax returns. The information necessary to complete your income tax returns will be included with your Form 1099-DIV which will be sent to you separately in January 2023.
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44 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
| | |
Garry L. Moody(1), Chairman Jorge A. Bermudez(1) Michael J. Downey(1) Onur Erzan, President and Chief Executive Officer | | Nancy P. Jacklin(1) Jeanette W. Loeb(1) Carol C. McMullen(1) Marshall C. Turner, Jr.(1) |
OFFICERS
| | |
Cem Inal(2), Vice President Nancy E. Hay, Secretary Michael B. Reyes, Senior Vice President | | Joseph J. Mantineo, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer Phyllis J. Clarke, Controller Jennifer Friedland, Chief Compliance Officer |
| | |
Custodian and Accounting Agent State Street Bank and Trust Company State Street Corporation CCB/5 1 Iron Street Boston, MA 02210 Principal Underwriter AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. 501 Commerce Street Nashville, TN 37203 Legal Counsel Seward & Kissel LLP One Battery Park Plaza New York, NY 10004 | | Transfer Agent AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. P.O. Box 786003 San Antonio, TX 78278 Toll-Free (800) 221-5672 Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Ernst & Young LLP One Manhattan West New York, NY 10001 |
|
|
|
1 | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee. |
2 | The day-to-day management of, and investment decisions for, the Fund’s portfolio are made by the Adviser’s U.S. Value Senior Investment Management Team. Mr. Inal is the investment professional with the most significant responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio. |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 45 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Board of Trustees Information
The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the direction of the Board of Trustees. Certain information concerning the Fund’s Trustees is set forth below.
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE |
INTERESTED TRUSTEE | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Onur Erzan,# 1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10105 47 (2021) | | Senior Vice President of AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”), Head of Global Client Group and Head of Private Wealth. He oversees AB’s entire private wealth management business and third-party institutional and retail franchise, where he is responsible for all client services, sales and marketing, as well as product strategy, management and development worldwide. Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the AB Mutual Funds as of April 1, 2021. He is also a member of the Equitable Holdings Management Committee. Prior to joining the firm in 2021, he spent over 19 years with McKinsey, most recently as a senior partner and co-leader of its Wealth & Asset Management practice. In addition, he co-led McKinsey’s Banking & Securities Solutions (a portfolio of data, analytics and digital assets and capabilities) globally. | | | 75 | | | None |
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46 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Garry L. Moody,## Chairman of the Board 70 (2008) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Partner, Deloitte & Touche LLP (1995-2008) where he held a number of senior positions, including Vice Chairman, and U.S. and Global Investment Management Practice Managing Partner; President, Fidelity Accounting and Custody Services Company (1993-1995), where he was responsible for accounting, pricing, custody and reporting for the Fidelity mutual funds; and Partner, Ernst & Young LLP (1975-1993), where he served as the National Director of Mutual Fund Tax Services and Managing Partner of its Chicago Office Tax department. He is a member of the Investment Company Institute’s Board of Governors and the Independent Directors Council’s Governing Council, where he serves as Chairman of its Governance Committee. He is Chairman of the AB Funds and Chairman of the Independent Directors Committees since January 2023 and he has served as a director or trustee, and as Chairman of the Audit Committees, of the AB Funds since 2008. | | | 75 | | | None |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 47 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | | |
| | | |
Jorge A. Bermudez,## 71 (2020) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Chief Risk Officer of Citigroup, Inc., a global financial services company, from November 2007 to March 2008, Chief Executive Officer of Citigroup’s Commercial Business Group in North America and Citibank Texas from 2005 to 2007, and a variety of other executive and leadership roles at various businesses within Citigroup prior to then; Chairman (2018) of the Texas A&M Foundation Board of Trustees (Trustee since 2013) and Chairman of the Smart Grid Center Board at Texas A&M University since 2012; director of, among others, Citibank N.A. from 2005 to 2008, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Houston Branch from 2009 to 2011, the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas from 2011 to 2017, and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas from 2010 to 2016. He has served as director or trustee of the AB Funds since January 2020. | | | 75 | | | Moody’s Corporation since April 2011 and Chair of its Audit Committee since December 2022 |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Michael J. Downey,## 79 (2005) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Formerly, Chairman of The Asia Pacific Fund, Inc. (registered investment company) since prior to 2018 until January 2019. From 1987 until 1993, Chairman and CEO of Prudential Mutual Fund Management, director of the Prudential mutual funds, and member of the Executive Committee of Prudential Securities, Inc. He has served as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since 2005. | | | 75 | | | None |
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48 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Nancy P. Jacklin,## 74 (2006) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Professorial Lecturer at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (2008-2015). U.S. Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (which is responsible for ensuring the stability of the international monetary system), (December 2002-May 2006); Partner, Clifford Chance (1992-2002); Sector Counsel, International Banking and Finance, and Associate General Counsel, Citicorp (1985-1992); Assistant General Counsel (International), Federal Reserve Board of Governors (1982-1985); and Attorney Advisor, U.S. Department of the Treasury (1973-1982). Member of the Bar of the District of Columbia and of New York; and member of the Council on Foreign Relations. She has served as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since 2006 and has been Chair of the Governance and Nominating Committees of the AB Funds since August 2014. | | | 75 | | | None |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Jeanette W. Loeb,## 70 (2020) | | Chief Executive Officer of PetCareRx (e-commerce pet pharmacy) from 2002 to 2011 and 2015 to present. Director of New York City Center since 2005. She was a director of AB Multi-Manager Alternative Fund, Inc. (fund of hedge funds) from 2012 to 2018. Formerly, affiliated with Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (financial services) from 1977 to 1994, including as a partner thereof from 1986 to 1994. She has served as director or trustee of the AB Funds since April 2020. | | | 75 | | | Apollo Investment Corp. (business development company) since August 2011 |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 49 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Carol C. McMullen,## 67 (2016) | | Managing Director of Slalom Consulting (consulting) since 2014, private investor and a member of the Advisory Board of Butcher Box (since 2018). Formerly, member, Partners Healthcare Investment Committee (2010-2019); Director of Norfolk & Dedham Group (mutual property and casualty insurance) from 2011 until November 2016; Director of Partners Community Physicians Organization (healthcare) from 2014 until December 2016; and Managing Director of The Crossland Group (consulting) from 2012 until 2013. She has held a number of senior positions in the asset and wealth management industries, including at Eastern Bank (where her roles included President of Eastern Wealth Management), Thomson Financial (Global Head of Sales for Investment Management), and Putnam Investments (where her roles included Chief Investment Officer, Core and Growth and Head of Global Investment Research). She has served on a number of private company and non-profit boards, and as a director or trustee of the AB Funds since June 2016. | | | 75 | | | None |
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50 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS*, AGE AND (YEAR FIRST ELECTED)** | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S), DURING PAST FIVE YEARS AND OTHER INFORMATION*** | | PORTFOLIOS IN AB FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE | | | OTHER PUBLIC COMPANY DIRECTORSHIPS CURRENTLY HELD BY TRUSTEE
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEE (continued) | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Marshall C. Turner, Jr.##
81 (2005) | | Private Investor since prior to 2018. Former Chairman and CEO of Dupont Photomasks, Inc. (semi-conductor manufacturing equipment). He was a Director of Xilinx, Inc. (programmable logic semi-conductors and adaptable, intelligent computing) from 2007 through August 2020, and is a former director of 33 other companies and organizations. He has extensive operating leadership and venture capital investing experience, including five interim or full-time CEO roles, and prior service as general partner of institutional venture capital partnerships. He also has extensive non-profit board leadership experience, and currently serves on the board of the George Lucas Educational Foundation. He has served as a director of one AB Fund since 1992, and director or trustee of all AB Funds since 2005. He has served as both Chairman of the AB Funds and Chairman of the Independent Directors Committees from 2014 through December 2022. | | | 75 | | | None |
* | The address for each of the Fund’s disinterested Trustees is c/o AllianceBernstein L.P., Attention: Legal and Compliance Department—Mutual Fund Legal, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105 |
** | There is no stated term of office for the Fund’s Trustees. |
*** | The information above includes each Trustee’s principal occupation during the last five years and other information relating to the experience, attributes and skills relevant to each Trustee’s qualifications to serve as a Trustee, which led to the conclusion that each Trustee should serve as a Trustee for the Fund. |
# | Mr. Erzan is an “interested trustee” of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act, due to his position as a Senior Vice President of the Adviser. |
## | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee, and the Independent Directors Committee. |
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 51 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND (continued)
Officers of the Trust
Certain information concerning the Fund’s Officers is listed below.
| | | | |
NAME, ADDRESS* AND AGE | | PRINCIPAL POSITION(S) HELD WITH FUND | | PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
Onur Erzan 47 | | President and Chief Executive Officer | | See biography above. |
| | | | |
Cem Inal 53 | | Vice President | | Senior Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. He is also Co-Chief Investment Officer – US Large Cap Value Equities since 2020. |
| | | | |
Nancy E. Hay 50 | | Secretary | | Vice President and Counsel of the Adviser**, with which she has been associated since prior to 2018 and Assistant Secretary of ABI**. |
| | | | |
Michael B. Reyes 46 | | Senior Vice President | | Vice President of the Adviser**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Joseph J. Mantineo 63 | | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer | | Senior Vice President of AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”)**, with which he has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Phyllis J. Clarke 62 | | Controller | | Vice President of ABIS**, with which she has been associated since prior to 2018. |
| | | | |
Jennifer Friedland 48 | | Chief Compliance Officer | | Vice President of the Adviser** since 2020 and Mutual Fund Chief Compliance Officer (of all Funds since January 2023 and of the ETF Funds since 2022). Before joining the Adviser** in 2020, she was Chief Compliance Officer at WestEnd Advisors, LLC from prior to 2018 until 2019. |
* | The address for each of the Fund’s Officers is 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105. |
** | The Adviser, ABI and ABIS are affiliates of the Fund. |
The Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) has additional information about the Fund’s Trustees and Officers and is available without charge upon request. Contact your financial representative or AB at (800) 227-4618, or visit www.abfunds.com, for a free prospectus or SAI.
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52 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
Operation and Effectiveness of the Fund’s Liquidity Risk Management Program:
In October 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) adopted the open-end fund liquidity rule (the “Liquidity Rule”). In June 2018 the SEC adopted a requirement that funds disclose information about the operation and effectiveness of their Liquidity Risk Management Program (“LRMP”) in their reports to shareholders.
One of the requirements of the Liquidity Rule is for the Fund to designate an Administrator of the Fund’s Liquidity Risk Management Program. The Administrator of the Fund’s LRMP is AllianceBernstein L.P., the Fund’s investment adviser (the “Adviser”). The Adviser has delegated the responsibility to its Liquidity Risk Management Committee (the “Committee”).
Another requirement of the Liquidity Rule is for the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Fund Board”) to receive an annual written report from the Administrator of the LRMP, which addresses the operation of the Fund’s LRMP and assesses its adequacy and effectiveness. The Adviser provided the Fund Board with such annual report during the first quarter of 2022, which covered the period January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021 (the “Program Reporting Period”).
The LRMP’s principal objectives include supporting the Fund’s compliance with limits on investments in illiquid assets and mitigating the risk that the Fund will be unable to meet its redemption obligations in a timely manner.
Pursuant to the LRMP, the Fund classifies the liquidity of its portfolio investments into one of the four categories defined by the SEC: Highly Liquid, Moderately Liquid, Less Liquid, and Illiquid. These classifications are reported to the SEC on Form N-PORT.
During the Program Reporting Period, the Committee reviewed whether the Fund’s strategy is appropriate for an open-end structure, incorporating any holdings of less liquid and illiquid assets. If the Fund participated in derivative transactions, the exposure from such transactions were considered in the LRMP.
The Committee also performed an analysis to determine whether the Fund is required to maintain a Highly Liquid Investment Minimum (“HLIM”). The Committee also incorporated the following information when determining the Fund’s reasonably anticipated trading size for purposes of liquidity monitoring: historical net redemption activity, a Fund’s concentration in an issuer, shareholder concentration, investment performance, total net assets, and distribution channels.
The Adviser informed the Fund Board that the Committee believes the Fund’s LRMP is adequately designed, has been implemented as intended,
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 53 |
and has operated effectively since its inception. No material exceptions have been noted since the implementation of the LRMP. During the Program Reporting Period, liquidity in all markets was significantly recovered and improved compared to the prior reporting period which included extreme levels of price volatility and relative illiquidity beginning in March 2020 with COVID-19 impacts. As such, the program operated in a relatively robust and benign liquidity environment experienced in markets during the Program Reporting Period. There were no liquidity events that impacted the Fund or its ability to timely meet redemptions during the Program Reporting Period.
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54 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
Information Regarding the Review and Approval of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement
The disinterested trustees (the “directors”) of AB Trust (the “Company”) unanimously approved the continuance of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser in respect of AB Value Fund (the “Fund”) at a meeting held in-person on May 3-5, 2022 (the “Meeting”).
Prior to approval of the continuance of the Advisory Agreement, the directors had requested from the Adviser, and received and evaluated, extensive materials. They reviewed the proposed continuance of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser and with experienced counsel who are independent of the Adviser, who advised on the relevant legal standards. The directors also reviewed additional materials, including comparative analytical data prepared by the Senior Vice President for the Fund. The directors also discussed the proposed continuance in private sessions with counsel.
The directors considered their knowledge of the nature and quality of the services provided by the Adviser to the Fund gained from their experience as directors or trustees of most of the registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, their overall confidence in the Adviser’s integrity and competence they have gained from that experience, the Adviser’s initiative in identifying and raising potential issues with the directors and its responsiveness, frankness and attention to concerns raised by the directors in the past, including the Adviser’s willingness to consider and implement organizational and operational changes designed to improve investment results and the services provided to the AB Funds. The directors noted that they have four regular meetings each year, at each of which they review extensive materials and information from the Adviser, including information on the investment performance of the Fund and the money market fund advised by the Adviser in which the Fund invests a portion of its assets.
The directors also considered all factors they believed relevant, including the specific matters discussed below. During the course of their deliberations, the directors evaluated, among other things, the reasonableness of the advisory fee. The directors did not identify any particular information that was all-important or controlling, and different directors may have attributed different weights to the various factors. The directors determined that the selection of the Adviser to manage the Fund and the overall arrangements between the Fund and the Adviser, as provided in the Advisory Agreement, including the advisory fee, were fair and reasonable in light of the services performed, expenses incurred and such other matters as the directors considered relevant in the exercise of their business
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 55 |
judgment. The material factors and conclusions that formed the basis for the directors’ determinations included the following:
Nature, Extent and Quality of Services Provided
The directors considered the scope and quality of services provided by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement, including the quality of the investment research capabilities of the Adviser and the other resources it has dedicated to performing services for the Fund. The directors noted that the Adviser from time to time reviews the Fund’s investment strategies and from time to time proposes changes intended to improve the Fund’s relative or absolute performance for the directors’ consideration. They also noted the professional experience and qualifications of the Fund’s portfolio management team and other senior personnel of the Adviser. The directors also considered that the Advisory Agreement provides that the Fund will reimburse the Adviser for the cost to it of providing certain clerical, accounting, administrative and other services to the Fund by employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. Requests for these reimbursements are made on a quarterly basis and subject to approval by the directors. Reimbursements, to the extent requested and paid, result in a higher rate of total compensation from the Fund to the Adviser than the fee rate stated in the Advisory Agreement. The directors noted that the methodology used to determine the reimbursement amounts had been reviewed by an independent consultant at the request of the directors. The quality of administrative and other services, including the Adviser’s role in coordinating the activities of the Fund’s other service providers, also was considered. The directors concluded that, overall, they were satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the Fund under the Advisory Agreement.
Costs of Services Provided and Profitability
The directors reviewed a schedule of the revenues and expenses and related notes indicating the profitability of the Fund to the Adviser for calendar years 2020 and 2021 that had been prepared with an expense allocation methodology arrived at in consultation with an independent consultant at the request of the directors. The directors noted the assumptions and methods of allocation used by the Adviser in preparing fund-specific profitability data and understood that there are a number of potentially acceptable allocation methodologies for information of this type. The directors noted that the profitability information reflected all revenues and expenses of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund, including those relating to its subsidiaries that provide transfer agency, distribution and brokerage services to the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of the profitability of the Advisory Agreement with the profitability of fund advisory contracts for unaffiliated funds because comparative information is not generally publicly available and is affected by numerous factors. The directors focused on the profitability of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund before taxes and distribution
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56 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
expenses. The directors concluded that the Adviser’s level of profitability from its relationship with the Fund was not unreasonable.
Fall-Out Benefits
The directors considered the other benefits to the Adviser and its affiliates from their relationships with the Fund and the money market fund advised by the Adviser in which the Fund invests, including, but not limited to, benefits relating to soft dollar arrangements (whereby investment advisers receive brokerage and research services from brokers that execute agency transactions for their clients); 12b-1 fees and sales charges received by the Fund’s principal underwriter (which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser) in respect of certain classes of the Fund’s shares; brokerage commissions paid by the Fund to brokers affiliated with the Adviser; and transfer agency fees paid by the Fund to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser. The directors recognized that the Adviser’s profitability would be somewhat lower without these benefits. The directors understood that the Adviser also might derive reputational and other benefits from its association with the Fund.
Investment Results
In addition to the information reviewed by the directors in connection with the Meeting, the directors receive detailed performance information for the Fund at each regular Board meeting during the year.
At the Meeting, the directors reviewed performance information prepared by an independent service provider (the “15(c) service provider”), showing the performance of the Class A Shares of the Fund against a group of similar funds (“peer group”) and a larger group of similar funds (“peer universe”), each selected by the 15(c) service provider, and information prepared by the Adviser showing performance of the Class A Shares against a broad-based securities market index, in each case for the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods ended February 28, 2022 and (in the case of comparisons with the broad-based securities market index) for the period from inception. Based on their review and their discussion with the Adviser of the reasons for the Fund’s underperformance in the periods reviewed, the directors concluded that the Fund’s investment performance was acceptable.
Advisory Fees and Other Expenses
The directors considered the advisory fee rate payable by the Fund to the Adviser and information prepared by the 15(c) service provider concerning advisory fee rates payable by other funds in the same category as the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of advisory fees because there are variations in the services that are included in the fees paid by other funds. The directors compared the Fund’s contractual effective advisory fee rate with a peer group median and took into account the impact on the advisory fee rate of the administrative expense reimbursement paid to the Adviser in the latest fiscal year.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 57 |
The directors also considered the Adviser’s fee schedule for other clients utilizing investment strategies similar to those of the Fund. For this purpose, they reviewed the relevant advisory fee information from the Adviser’s Form ADV and in a report from the Fund’s Senior Vice President and noted the differences between the Fund’s fee schedule, on the one hand, and the Adviser’s institutional fee schedule, on the other. The directors noted that the Adviser may, in some cases, agree to fee rates with large institutional clients that are lower than those reviewed by the directors and that they had previously discussed with the Adviser its policies in respect of such arrangements.
The Adviser reviewed with the directors the significantly greater scope of the services it provides to the Fund relative to institutional clients. In this regard, the Adviser noted, among other things, that, compared to institutional accounts, the Fund (i) demands considerably more portfolio management, research and trading resources due to significantly higher daily cash flows; (ii) has more tax and regulatory restrictions and compliance obligations; (iii) must prepare and file or distribute regulatory and other communications about fund operations; and (iv) must provide shareholder servicing to retail investors. The Adviser also reviewed the greater legal risks presented by the large and changing population of Fund shareholders who may assert claims against the Adviser in individual or class actions, and the greater entrepreneurial risk in offering new fund products, which require substantial investment to launch, may not succeed, and generally must be priced to compete with larger, more established funds resulting in lack of profitability to the Adviser until a new fund achieves scale. In light of the substantial differences in services rendered by the Adviser to institutional clients as compared to the Fund, and the different risk profile, the directors considered these fee comparisons inapt and did not place significant weight on them in their deliberations.
In connection with their review of the Fund’s advisory fee, the directors also considered the total expense ratio of the Class A shares of the Fund in comparison to a peer group and a peer universe selected by the 15(c) service provider. The Class A expense ratio of the Fund was based on the Fund’s latest fiscal year. The directors noted that it was likely that the expense ratios of some of the other funds in the Fund’s category were lowered by waivers or reimbursements by those funds’ investment advisers, which in some cases might be voluntary or temporary. The directors view expense ratio information as relevant to their evaluation of the Adviser’s services because the Adviser is responsible for coordinating services provided to the Fund by others. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s expense ratio was acceptable.
Economies of Scale
The directors noted that the advisory fee schedule for the Fund contains breakpoints that reduce the fee rates on assets above specified levels. The
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58 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
directors took into consideration prior presentations by an independent consultant on economies of scale in the mutual fund industry and for the AB Funds, and presentations from time to time by the Adviser concerning certain of its views on economies of scale. The directors also had requested and received from the Adviser certain updates on economies of scale in advance of the Meeting. The directors believe that economies of scale may be realized (if at all) by the Adviser across a variety of products and services, and not only in respect of a single fund. The directors noted that there is no established methodology for setting breakpoints that give effect to the fund-specific services provided by a fund’s adviser and to the economies of scale that an adviser may realize in its overall mutual fund business or those components of it which directly or indirectly affect a fund’s operations. The directors observed that in the mutual fund industry as a whole, as well as among funds similar to the Fund, there is no uniformity or pattern in the fees and asset levels at which breakpoints (if any) apply. The directors also noted that the advisory agreements for many funds do not have breakpoints at all. Having taken these factors into account, the directors concluded that the Fund’s shareholders would benefit from a sharing of economies of scale in the event the Fund’s net assets exceed a breakpoint in the future.
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abfunds.com | | AB VALUE FUND | 59 |
This page is not part of the Shareholder Report or the Financial Statements.
AB FAMILY OF FUNDS
US EQUITY
CORE
Core Opportunities Fund
Select US Equity Portfolio
Sustainable US Thematic Portfolio
GROWTH
Concentrated Growth Fund
Discovery Growth Fund
Growth Fund
Large Cap Growth Fund
Small Cap Growth Portfolio
VALUE
Discovery Value Fund
Equity Income Fund
Relative Value Fund
Small Cap Value Portfolio
Value Fund
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL EQUITY
CORE
Global Core Equity Portfolio
International Strategic Core Portfolio
Sustainable Global Thematic Fund
Sustainable International Thematic Fund
Tax-Managed Wealth Appreciation Strategy
Wealth Appreciation Strategy
GROWTH
Concentrated International Growth Portfolio
VALUE
All China Equity Portfolio
International Value Fund
FIXED INCOME
MUNICIPAL
High Income Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate California Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate Diversified Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate New York Municipal Portfolio
Municipal Bond Inflation Strategy
Tax-Aware Fixed Income Opportunities Portfolio
National Portfolio
Arizona Portfolio
California Portfolio
Massachusetts Portfolio
Minnesota Portfolio
New Jersey Portfolio
New York Portfolio
Ohio Portfolio
Pennsylvania Portfolio
Virginia Portfolio
TAXABLE
Bond Inflation Strategy
Global Bond Fund
High Income Fund
High Yield Portfolio
Income Fund
Intermediate Duration Portfolio
Limited Duration High Income Portfolio
Short Duration Income Portfolio
Short Duration Portfolio
Sustainable Thematic Credit Portfolio
Total Return Bond Portfolio
ALTERNATIVES
All Market Real Return Portfolio
Global Real Estate Investment Fund
Select US Long/Short Portfolio
MULTI-ASSET
All Market Total Return Portfolio
Emerging Markets Multi-Asset Portfolio
Global Risk Allocation Fund
Sustainable Thematic Balanced Portfolio
CLOSED-END FUNDS
AllianceBernstein Global High Income Fund
AllianceBernstein National Municipal Income Fund
EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS
Tax-Aware Short Duration Municipal ETF
Ultra Short Income ETF
We also offer Government Money Market Portfolio, which serves as the money market fund exchange vehicle for the AB mutual funds. You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. The Fund may impose a fee upon sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the Fund’s liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors. An investment in the Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the Fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time.
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
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60 | AB VALUE FUND | | abfunds.com |
AB VALUE FUND
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105
800 221 5672
VAL-0151-1122
ITEM 2. CODE OF ETHICS.
(a) The registrant has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. A copy of the registrant’s code of ethics is filed herewith as Exhibit 12(a)(1).
(b) During the period covered by this report, no material amendments were made to the provisions of the code of ethics adopted in 2(a) above.
(c) During the period covered by this report, no implicit or explicit waivers to the provisions of the code of ethics adopted in 2(a) above were granted.
ITEM 3. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT.
The registrant’s Board of Directors has determined that independent directors Garry L. Moody, Marshall C. Turner, Jr. and Jorge A. Bermudez qualify as audit committee financial experts.
ITEM 4. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.
(a) - (c) The following table sets forth the aggregate fees billed by the independent registered public accounting firm Ernst & Young LLP, for the Fund’s last two fiscal years for professional services rendered for: (i) the audit of the Fund’s annual financial statements included in the Fund’s annual report to stockholders; (ii) assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit of the Fund’s financial statements and are not reported under (i), which include advice and education related to accounting and auditing issues and quarterly press release review (for those Funds which issue press releases), and preferred stock maintenance testing (for those Funds that issue preferred stock); and (iii) tax compliance, tax advice and tax return preparation.
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| | | | | Audit Fees | | | Audit-Related Fees | | | Tax Fees | |
AB International Value Fund | | | 2021 | | | $ | 43,383 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 14,516 | |
| | | 2022 | | | $ | 45,552 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 97,157 | |
AB Discovery Value Fund | | | 2021 | | | $ | 38,527 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 14,110 | |
| | | 2022 | | | $ | 40,453 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 34,343 | |
AB Value Fund | | | 2021 | | | $ | 33,832 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,072 | |
| | | 2022 | | | $ | 35,524 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 30,203 | |
(d) Not applicable.
(e) (1) Beginning with audit and non-audit service contracts entered into on or after May 6, 2003, the Fund’s Audit Committee policies and procedures require the pre-approval of all audit and non-audit services provided to the Fund by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. The Fund’s Audit Committee policies and procedures also require pre-approval of all audit and non-audit services provided to the Adviser and Service Affiliates to the extent that these services are directly related to the operations or financial reporting of the Fund.
(e) (2) All of the amounts for Audit Fees, Audit-Related Fees and Tax Fees in the table under Item 4 (a) – (c) are for services pre-approved by the Fund’s Audit Committee.
(f) Not applicable.
(g) The following table sets forth the aggregate non-audit services provided to the Fund, the Fund’s Adviser and entities that control, are controlled by or under common control with the Adviser that provide ongoing services to the Fund:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | All Fees for Non-Audit Services Provided to the Portfolio, the Adviser and Service Affiliates | | | Total Amount of Foregoing Column Pre- approved by the Audit Committee (Portion Comprised of Audit Related Fees) (Portion Comprised of Tax Fees) | |
AB International Value Fund | | | 2021 | | | $ | 941,756 | | | $ | 14,516 | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | (14,516 | ) |
| | | 2022 | | | $ | 2,029,615 | | | $ | 97,157 | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | (97,157 | ) |
AB Discovery Value Fund | | | 2021 | | | $ | 941,350 | | | $ | 14,110 | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | (14,110 | ) |
| | | 2022 | | | $ | 1,966,801 | | | $ | 34,343 | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | (34,343 | ) |
AB Value Fund | | | 2021 | | | $ | 938,312 | | | $ | 11,072 | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | (11,072 | ) |
| | | 2022 | | | $ | 1,962,661 | | | $ | 30,203 | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | $ | (30,203 | ) |
(h) The Audit Committee of the Fund has considered whether the provision of any non-audit services not pre-approved by the Audit Committee provided by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm to the Adviser and Service Affiliates is compatible with maintaining the auditor’s independence.
ITEM 5. AUDIT COMMITTEE OF LISTED REGISTRANTS.
Not applicable to the registrant.
ITEM 6. INVESTMENTS.
Please see Schedule of Investments contained in the Report to Shareholders included under Item 1 of this Form N-CSR.
ITEM 7. DISCLOSURE OF PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.
Not applicable to the registrant.
ITEM 8. PORTFOLIO MANAGERS OF CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.
Not applicable to the registrant.
ITEM 9. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANY AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS.
Not applicable to the registrant.
ITEM 10. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
There have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Fund’s Board of Directors since the Fund last provided disclosure in response to this item.
ITEM 11. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
(a) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3 (c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) are effective at the reasonable assurance level based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this document.
(b) There were no changes in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 12. DISCLOSURE OF SECURITIES LENDING ACTIVITIES FOR CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.
Not applicable to the registrant.
ITEM 13. EXHIBITS.
The following exhibits are attached to this Form N-CSR:
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
(Registrant): AB Trust
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By: | | /s/ Onur Erzan |
| | Onur Erzan |
| | President |
Date: March 3, 2023
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
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By: | | /s/ Onur Erzan |
| | Onur Erzan |
| | President |
|
Date: March 3, 2023 |
| |
By: | | /s/ Joseph J. Mantineo |
| | Joseph J. Mantineo |
| | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer |
|
Date: March 3, 2023 |