Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Foreign Currency Translation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include those of iRobot and its subsidiaries, after elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. iRobot has prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). For the Company's subsidiaries that transact in a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at period-end foreign exchange rates. Revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at the average foreign exchange rates for the period. Translation adjustments are excluded from the determination of net income (loss) and are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of stockholders' equity. The Company operates and reports using a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Accordingly, the Company’s fiscal quarters end on the Saturday that falls closest to the last day of the third month of each quarter. As used in the Annual Report on Form 10-K, "fiscal 2022" refers to the 52-week fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, "fiscal 2021" refers to the 52-week fiscal year ended January 1, 2022, and "fiscal 2020" refers to the 53-week fiscal year ended January 2, 2021. Liquidity The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the continuity of operations, realization of assets, and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has a long history of profitable operations, positive operating cash flows and substantial liquidity that was further strengthened during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic as consumer demand for iRobot's products increased considerably. During fiscal 2022, the Company’s revenue declined 24% from fiscal 2021 primarily due to lower orders from retailers and distributors in the United States and EMEA largely resulting from a decline in consumer sentiment, and resultant spending, driven by high inflation, rising interest rates, rising energy costs, the potential recessionary outlook and geopolitical instability, which was exacerbated by the Russia-Ukraine war. The lower revenue has resulted in operating losses of $240.4 million and operating cash outflows of $90.0 million for the fiscal 2022. As a result, the Company's cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments have declined from $234.5 million as of January 1, 2022 to $117.9 million as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has no outstanding borrowings from its $150.0 million available revolving line of credit which expires on June 30, 2023. On January 17, 2023, the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment (the "Fourth Amendment") to the Credit Agreement which reduces the amount of the facility from $150.0 million to $100.0 million and extends the maturity date of the Credit Agreement from June 30, 2023 to September 17, 2024 (see Note 8 for additional details about its Credit Agreement). Management has considered and assessed its ability to continue as a going concern for the one year from the date that the audited consolidated financial statements are issued. Management’s assessment included the preparation of cash flow forecasts taking into account actions already implemented. Management considered additional actions within its control that it would implement, if necessary, to maintain liquidity and operations in the ordinary course. Management has already undertaken the following actions to improve profitability and operating cash flows and align the organization to the lower revenue level: • During August 2022, the Company initiated a restructuring of its operations designed to better align its cost structure with near-term revenue and cash flow generation, advance key strategic priorities, increase efficiencies and improve its profitability going forward. As part of this August 2022 restructuring, the Company reduced its workforce and terminated approximately 100 employees, which represents 8% of its workforce and eliminated a number of open positions entering the third quarter of 2022. As a follow-on action to the company’s August 2022 restructuring of operations and in anticipation that market conditions will remain challenging into 2023, the Company initiated a new restructuring program at the beginning of February 2023 and reduced its workforce by approximately 85 employees or 7%. In addition to the reduction in force, iRobot’s 2023 operating plan incorporates scaled back working media and other demand-generation activities, limited investment in non-robotic product categories and minimal new hiring plans in 2023. At December 31, 2022, the Company had 1,254 employees. Including the aforementioned reduction in force of 85 employees, the Company has had a total reduction of 203 employees since the end of fiscal 2021. In addition to the reduction of its headcount, the Company signed a sublease agreement for a portion of its headquarter during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 and plans to further consolidate its global facilities footprint during fiscal 2023. iRobot currently anticipates that its August 2022 and February 2023 restructuring actions will deliver net cost savings of approximately $42.0 million in 2023, including actions associated with the facilities consolidation. • Inventory has consumed a significant amount of cash and the Company continues to manage its inventory level carefully. As of December 31, 2022, the inventory balance was $285.3 million, or 95 days, a reduction of $133.8 million, or 95 days from the third quarter of fiscal 2022. In 2023, the Company will continue to manage its inventory to a level that aligns with current run rates of the business. As such, iRobot has temporarily reduced robot production since late January 2023 at its contract manufacturing partners in China and Malaysia with plans to increase production in April 2023. While management estimates such actions will be sufficient to allow it to maintain liquidity and its operations in the ordinary course for at least 12 months from the issuance of these financial statements, there can be no assurance the Company will generate sufficient future cash flows from operations due to potential factors, including, but not limited to, further inflation, the continued rising interest rates, ongoing recessionary conditions or continued reduced demand for the Company’s products. If the Company is not successful in increasing demand for its products, or if macroeconomic conditions further constrain consumer demand, the Company may continue to experience adverse impacts to revenue and profitability. Additional actions within the Company’s control to maintain its liquidity and operations include optimizing its production volumes with contract manufacturers by reducing inventory supply forecast for cancellable purchase orders, further reducing discretionary spending in all areas of the business, decreasing working media spending and realigning resources through ongoing attrition without rehiring activity. Should the Company require further funding in the future, there can be no assurance that it will be able to obtain additional debt financing on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of these uncertainties. Use of Estimates The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and revenue and expenses. These estimates and judgments, include but are not limited to, revenue recognition, including performance obligations, standalone selling price, variable consideration and other obligations such as sales incentives and product returns; allowance for credit losses; impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets; valuation of non-marketable equity investments; product warranties; inventory excess and obsolescence; loss contingencies; accounting for stock-based compensation including valuation and assessments of performance-based awards; accounting for income taxes and related valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience, market participant fair value considerations, projected future cash flows, current economic conditions, and various other factors that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results and outcomes may differ from the Company’s estimates and assumptions. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company invests its excess cash primarily in money market funds or demand deposit accounts of major financial institutions. Accordingly, its cash and cash equivalents are subject to minimal credit and market risk. At December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, cash and cash equivalents totaled $117.9 million and $201.5 million, respectively. These cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Short Term Investments The Company's short term investments include marketable equity securities with readily determinable fair value. The fair value of investments is determined based on quoted market prices at the reporting date for those instruments. The change in fair value of the Company's investments in marketable equity securities is recognized as unrealized gains and losses in other (expense) income, net at the end of each reporting period. Investments consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, January 1, Cost Fair Cost Fair Marketable equity securities $ — $ — $ 23,286 $ 33,044 Total short term investments $ — $ — $ 23,286 $ 33,044 On July 22, 2021, Matterport, Inc. ("Matterport"), of which the Company held non-marketable equity securities, completed a merger with a special purpose acquisition company and began trading on Nasdaq under the symbol "MTTR." Prior to the merger, the Company accounted for the shares in Matterport as equity securities without readily determinable fair value. Upon consummation of the merger, the Company received 1.6 million shares of MTTR. The post merger Matterport shares received were subject to time based contractual sales restrictions which expired in January 2022. These shares were accounted for as marketable equity securities and measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in other (expense) income, net at the end of each reporting period. During fiscal 2021, the Company recorded gains of $30.2 million associated with the Matterport investment. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company sold these Matterport shares and received net proceeds of $16.2 million. In addition, the Company received an additional 0.2 million shares of Matterport during the first quarter of 2022 upon achievement of conditions set forth in the merger agreement, and sold these shares during the second quarter of 2022 for net proceeds of $1.2 million. During fiscal 2022, the Company recognized losses of $17.1 million in other (expense) income, net related to the sales of Matterport shares. As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any short term investments. On July 1, 2020, Teladoc Health, Inc. ("Teladoc") closed on its previously announced acquisition of InTouch Health, of which the Company held non-marketable equity securities. In exchange for its shares of InTouch Health, the Company received 0.2 million shares of Teladoc and recorded a gain of $38.6 million to other income, net during fiscal 2020. The Teladoc shares received were subject to time based contractual sales restrictions which expired in January 2021. These shares were accounted for as marketable equity securities and measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in other (expense) income, net at the end of each reporting period. As a result, the Company entered into an economic hedge in July 2020 to reduce the Company's exposure to stock price fluctuations during the restricted period. During the first quarter of 2021, the Company received net proceeds of $51.5 million related to the sale of Teladoc shares with gross proceeds of $60.1 million, net of settlement payment of $8.6 million for the related economic hedge. Allowance for Credit Losses The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable using an expected loss model that requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimate. The expected loss methodology is developed through consideration of factors including, but not limited to, historical collection experience, current customer credit ratings, customer concentrations, current and future economic and market conditions and age of the receivable. The Company reviews and adjusts the allowance for credit losses on a quarterly basis. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance when the Company determines that the balances are not recoverable. As of December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, the Company had an allowance for credit losses of $4.7 million and $4.6 million, respectively. Bad debt expense recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations during fiscal 2022 and 2021 were immaterial. Accounts receivable allowances Allowance for product returns : The Company records an allowance for product returns based on specific terms and conditions included in the customer agreements or based on historical experience and the Company's expectation of future returns. Allowance for other credits and incentives: The Company records an allowance related to customer incentives such as discounts, promotions, price protection and other support programs. The allowance is based on specific terms and conditions included in customer agreements, specific programs and sell-through expectations, historical experience and other factors. Activity related to accounts receivable allowances was as follows (in thousands): Fiscal Year Ended December 31, January 1, January 2, Allowance for product returns Balance at beginning of period $ 56,839 $ 64,343 $ 55,191 Provision 41,969 61,014 68,028 Deduction (49,657) (68,518) (58,876) Balance at end of period $ 49,151 $ 56,839 $ 64,343 Allowance for other credits and incentives Balance at beginning of period $ 101,606 $ 142,173 $ 134,046 Provision 269,187 267,821 285,139 Deduction (264,274) (308,388) (277,012) Balance at end of period $ 106,519 $ 101,606 $ 142,173 Inventory Inventory primarily consists of finished goods and, to a lesser extent, components, which are purchased from contract manufacturers. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost being determined using the standard cost method, which approximates actual costs determined on the first-in, first-out basis. Inventory costs primarily consist of materials, inbound freight, import duties, tariffs, and other handling fees. The Company writes down its inventory for estimated obsolescence or excess inventory based upon assumptions around market conditions and estimates of future demand. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Adjustments to reduce inventory to net realizable value are recognized in cost of revenue and have not been significant for the periods presented. Tariff Refunds In April 2020, the Company was granted a temporary exclusion from Section 301 List 3 tariffs by the United States Trade Representative ("USTR"). This exclusion, as extended in August 2020, eliminated the 25% tariff on Roomba products imported from China until December 31, 2020 and entitled the Company to a refund of approximately $57.0 million in tariffs paid since the date the Section 301 List 3 tariffs were imposed. The Company recognized a benefit of $36.5 million from tariff refund during fiscal 2020. In March 2022, the Section 301 List 3 Tariff Exclusion was reinstated, which eliminated the 25% tariff on Roomba products imported from China beginning on October 12, 2021 and continuing until December 31, 2022. This exclusion, which was subsequently extended until September 30, 2023 entitled the Company to a refund of approximately $32.0 million in tariffs paid. During fiscal 2022, the Company recognized a benefit of $11.7 million from tariff refunds as reduction to cost of product revenue related to tariffs paid on products imported after October 12, 2021 and sold during fiscal 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had received $26.8 million of the tariff refund and the outstanding refund receivable of $5.2 million is recorded in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows: Estimated Useful Life Computer and equipment 2-5 years Furniture and fixtures 5 Machinery and tooling 2-5 Business applications software 3-7 Leasehold improvements Lesser of economic benefit period or term of lease Expenditures for additions and improvements that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Repairs, maintenance costs and losses associated with disposals or retirements are charged to expense as incurred. Capitalization of Cloud Computing Arrangements The Company incurs costs to implement cloud computing arrangements that are hosted by third-party vendors. Beginning in fiscal 2020, and continuing through fiscal 2022, the Company began investing and implementing various new direct-to-consumer and marketing technology and tools. Implementation costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized until the software is ready for its intended use. The costs are then amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated hosting arrangement and are recognized as an operating expense within the consolidated statements of operations. During fiscal 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded amortization expenses of $1.8 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for these implementation costs. Capitalized costs were $7.3 million and $7.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, respectively, and are reported as a component of other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Business Combinations The Company allocates the purchase price of each acquisition to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Goodwill is measured as the excess of the purchase price over the value of net identified assets acquired. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and contingent consideration, where applicable, at the acquisition date, its estimates and assumptions are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which is generally one year from the acquisition date, any adjustment to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded against goodwill in the period in which the amount is determined. Any adjustment identified subsequent to the measurement period or the Company's final determination of estimated fair value, whichever comes first, is included in operating results in the period in which the adjustment is determined. Goodwill and Other Long-Lived Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but rather is assessed for impairment at the reporting unit level annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill impairment, if any, is determined by comparing the reporting unit's fair value to its carrying value. An impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the reporting unit's carrying value over its fair value, up to the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. Other long-lived assets primarily consist of property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and intangible assets. The Company periodically evaluates the recoverability of other long-lived assets whenever events and changes in circumstances, such as reductions in demand or significant economic slowdowns in the industry, indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. When indicators of impairment are present, the carrying values of the asset group are evaluated in relation to the future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying business. The net book value of the underlying asset is adjusted to fair value if the sum of the expected discounted cash flows is less than book value. Fair values are based on estimates of market prices and assumptions concerning the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows and assumed discount rates, reflecting varying degrees of perceived risk. The impairment assessment of goodwill and other long-lived assets involves significant estimates and assumptions, which may be unpredictable and inherently uncertain. These estimates and assumptions include identification of reporting units and asset groups, long-term growth rates, profitability, estimated useful lives, comparable market multiples, and discount rates. Any changes in these assumptions could impact the result of the impairment assessment. There was no impairment of goodwill during fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis in fiscal 2022 using an entity valuation which was derived based on the attribution of the agreed-upon purchase price for the Merger. During fiscal 2022, the Company recognized impairment charges on intangible assets associated with the acquisition of Aeris Cleantec AG (see Note 6) and incurred impairment charges related to the Facility restructuring plan discussed within Restructuring Charges in Note 2. There was no impairment of long-lived assets during fiscal 2021 and 2020. Strategic Investments The Company holds non-marketable equity securities as part of its strategic investments portfolio. The Company classifies the majority of these securities as equity securities without readily determinable fair values and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. These investments are valued using significant unobservable inputs or data in an inactive market and the valuation requires the Company's judgment due to the absence of market prices and inherent lack of liquidity. The Company monitors non-marketable equity investments for impairment indicators, such as deterioration in the investee's financial condition and business forecasts and lower valuations in recent or proposed financings. The estimated fair value is based on quantitative and qualitative factors including, but not limited to, subsequent financing activities by the investee and projected discounted cash flows. The Company performs an assessment on a quarterly basis to assess whether triggering events for impairment exist and to identify any observable price changes. During fiscal 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $3.9 million related to investments in non-marketable equity securities. Changes in fair value of non-marketable equity investments are recorded in other (expense) income, net on the consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, the Company's equity securities without readily determinable fair values totaled $15.1 million and $16.3 million, respectively, and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Warranty The Company generally provides a one-year warranty on all of its products except in countries where a two-year warranty is required against defects in materials and workmanship. The Company's standard warranty provides for repair or replacement of the associated products during the warranty period. The Company records estimated warranty costs in the period the related revenue is recognized based on historical experience, expectations of future costs to repair or replace including freight and knowledge of specific product failures outside the Company's historical experience. Actual results could differ from these estimates, which could cause increases or decreases to the warranty reserves in future periods. Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities The Company utilizes derivative instruments to partially offset its financial risks to foreign exchange risk. The Company does not engage in speculative hedging activity. In order to account for a derivative instrument as a cash flow hedge, specific criteria must be met, including: (i) ensuring at the inception of the hedge that formal documentation exists for both the hedging relationship and the entity’s risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge and (ii) at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, the hedging relationship is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value attributed to the hedged risk during the period that the hedge is designated. Cash flow hedge amounts that are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. Deferred gains and losses associated with cash flow hedges are recognized as a component of net sales in the same period as the related revenue is recognized. Absent meeting these criteria, changes in fair value are recognized in other (expense) income, net, in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company may also enter into non-designated foreign currency contracts to offset a portion of the foreign currency exchange gains and losses generated by the remeasurement of certain assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies. Changes in fair value are recognized in other (expense) income, net, in the consolidated statements of operations. Fair Value Measurements The Company accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value. The fair value is established based on a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. These tiers include: • Level 1 - observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets; • Level 2 - inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and • Level 3 - unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Stock-Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation through recognition of the fair value of the stock-based compensation as a charge against earnings. The Company issues equity incentive awards in the form of restricted stock units ("RSUs") and performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs"). The fair value for RSUs is based on the closing share price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. PSUs are aligned to specified performance targets such as financial metrics or the relative returns of the Company's common stock ("TSRs"). The fair value of PSUs aligned to specified performance metrics is determined based on the number of units expected to vest upon achievement of the performance conditions. The fair value for PSUs aligned to the TSR is based on a Monte Carlo simulation model. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation as an expense on a straight-line basis, over the requisite service period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur, rather than applying an estimated forfeiture rate. Research and Development Costs incurred in the research and development of the Company’s products are expensed as incurred. Advertising Expense Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in selling and marketing expenses. During the years ended December 31, 2022, January 1, 2022 and January 2, 2021 advertising expense totaled $146.6 million, $147.2 million and $145.2 million, respectively. Income Taxes The Company accounts for its income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which the Company recognizes the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled in each jurisdiction. A valuation allowance is provided if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that the related benefits will not be realized. In assessing the recoverability of its deferred tax assets, the Company evaluates all available evidence, both positive and negative, to assess whether it is more likely than not that sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of existing deferred tax assets in each taxpaying jurisdiction. For any deferred tax asset that exceeds the amount for which it is more likely than not that the Company will realize a benefit, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. During the third quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company concluded that, based on its evaluation of available positive and negative evidence, it is no longer more likely than not that its net U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets are recoverable. In assessing the realizability of its U.S. deferred tax assets, the key factors used to determine positive and negative evidence included its recent losses resulting in cumulative loss for the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, current macroeconomic trends, and expected future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences. Such objective negative evidence limits the Company's ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as its projections for future growth. Given the weight of objectively verifiable historical losses from the Company's U.S. operations, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $57.5 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2022 as a reserve against our net U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. The Company expects to continue to record a valuation allowance against these assets until sufficient positive evidence exists to support its reversal. As of December 31, 2022, January 1, 2022 and January 2, 2021, the Company had a valuation allowance of $99.4 million, $13.1 million and $7.6 million, respectively, for certain deferred tax assets for which the Company believes do not meet the "more likely than not" criteria for recognition. The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax provision. Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of accounts receivable and cash and cash equivalents. Management believes its credit policies are prudent and reflect normal industry terms and business risk. At December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2022, one customer accounted for 16.6% and 14.5% , respectively, of the Company's accounts receivable balance. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022, January 1, 2022, and January 2, 2021, there was one customer that accounted for 10% or more of total revenue, representing 22.6%, 21.8% and 22.7%, of the Company's total revenue, respectively. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts and money market fund |