Boise Cascade (BCC) 10-Q2024 Q3 Quarterly report

Boise Cascade Company is a building products company headquartered in Boise, Idaho. As used in this Form 10-Q, the terms "Boise Cascade," "we," and "our" refer to Boise Cascade Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. We are one of the largest producers of engineered wood products (EWP) and plywood in North America and a leading United States wholesale distributor of building products.

We operate our business using two reportable segments: (1) Wood Products, which primarily manufactures EWP and plywood, and (2) Building Materials Distribution (BMD), which is a wholesale distributor of building materials. For more information, see Note 12, Segment Information.

The accompanying quarterly consolidated financial statements have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm but, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and stockholders' equity for the interim periods presented. Except as disclosed within these condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements, the adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in our annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The quarterly consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Boise Cascade and its subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. Quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the full year. These condensed notes to unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our 2023 Form 10-K and the other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The complete summary of significant accounting policies is included in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" in our 2023 Form 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, goodwill, intangible assets, and other long-lived assets; legal contingencies; guarantee obligations; indemnifications; assumptions used in retirement, medical, and workers' compensation benefits; assumptions used in the determination of right-of-use (ROU) assets and related lease liabilities; stock-based compensation; fair value measurements; income taxes; and vendor and customer rebates, among others. These estimates and assumptions are based on management's best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. We adjust such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in these estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods.

Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. For revenue disaggregated by major product line for each reportable segment, see Note 12, Segment Information.

Fees for shipping and handling charged to customers for sales transactions are included in "Sales" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. When control over products has transferred to the customer, we have elected to recognize costs related to shipping and handling as fulfillment costs. For our Wood Products segment, costs related to shipping and handling are included in "Materials, labor, and other operating expenses (excluding depreciation)" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. In our Wood Products segment, we view our shipping and handling costs as a cost of the manufacturing process and the movement of product to our end customers. For our BMD segment, costs related to shipping and handling of $67.7 million and $61.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $191.2 million and $175.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are included in "Selling and distribution expenses" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. In our BMD segment, our activities relate to the purchase and resale of finished products, and excluding shipping and handling costs from "Materials, labor, and other operating expenses (excluding depreciation)" provides us a clearer view of our operating performance and the effectiveness of our sales and purchasing functions.

Rebates are provided to our customers and our customers' customers based on the volume of their purchases, among other factors such as customer loyalty, conversion, and commitment, as well as temporary protection from price increases. We provide the rebates to increase the sell-through of our products. Rebates are generally estimated based on the expected amount to be paid and recorded as a decrease in "Sales." At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $96.3 million and $87.9 million, respectively, of rebates payable to our customers recorded in "Accrued liabilities, Other" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We also estimate expected cash discounts on trade accounts receivable based on an analysis of historical experience and record cash discounts as a decrease in "Sales." We adjust our estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the probability of rebates paid and cash discounts provided changes or when the amounts become fixed. There have not been significant changes to our estimates of rebates, although it is reasonably possible that a change in the estimate may occur.

We receive rebates and allowances from our vendors under a number of different programs, including vendor marketing programs. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $13.3 million and $17.4 million, respectively, of vendor rebates and allowances recorded in "Receivables, Other" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Rebates and allowances received from our vendors are recognized as a reduction of "Materials, labor, and other operating expenses (excluding depreciation)" when the product is sold, unless the rebates and allowances are linked to a specific incremental cost to sell a vendor's product. Amounts received from vendors that are linked to specific selling and distribution expenses are recognized as a reduction of "Selling and distribution expenses" in the period the expense is incurred.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of fixed lease payments over the lease term. The current portion of our operating and finance lease liabilities are recorded in "Accrued liabilities, Other" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We use our estimated incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. In determining our incremental borrowing rates, we give consideration to publicly available interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics, including credit rating, term, and collateralization.

For purposes of determining straight-line rent expense, the lease term is calculated from the date we first take possession of the facility, including any periods of free rent and any renewal option periods we are reasonably certain of exercising. Variable lease expense generally includes reimbursement of actual costs for common area maintenance, property taxes, and insurance on leased real estate and are recorded as incurred. Most of our operating lease expense is recorded in "Selling and distribution expenses" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, we do not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our leases.

Our short-term leases primarily include equipment rentals with lease terms on a month-to-month basis, which provide for our seasonal needs and flexibility in the use of equipment. Our short-term leases also include certain real estate for which either party has the right to cancel upon providing notice of 30 to 90 days. We do not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases.

Inventories included the following (work in process is not material):

Property and equipment consisted of the following asset classes:

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy under GAAP gives the highest priority to quoted market prices (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). In general, and where applicable, we use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities to determine fair value (Level 1). If quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities are not available to determine fair value, we use quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2). If quoted prices for identical or similar assets are not available or are unobservable, we may use internally developed valuation models, whose inputs include bid prices, and third-party valuations utilizing underlying asset assumptions (Level 3).

Our financial instruments are cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, long-term debt, and an interest rate swap. Our cash is recorded at cost, which approximates fair value, and our cash equivalents are money market funds. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we held $721.2 million and $899.4 million, respectively, in money market funds that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 1 inputs. The recorded values of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair values based on their short-term nature. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the book value of our fixed-rate debt for each period was $400.0 million, and the fair value was estimated to be $385.0 million and $374.5 million, respectively. The difference between the book value and the fair value is derived from the difference between the period-end market interest rate and the stated rate of our fixed-rate, long-term debt. We estimated the fair value of our fixed-rate debt using quoted market prices of our debt in inactive markets (Level 2 inputs). The interest rate on our variable-rate debt is based on market conditions such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) or a base rate. Because the interest rate on the variable-rate debt is based on current market conditions, we believe that the estimated fair value of the outstanding balance on our variable-rate debt approximates book value. As discussed below, we also have an interest rate swap to mitigate our variable interest rate exposure, the fair value of which is measured based on Level 2 inputs.

We are exposed to interest rate risk arising from fluctuations in variable-rate SOFR on our term loan and when we have loan amounts outstanding on our Revolving Credit Facility. At September 30, 2024, we had $50.0 million of variable-rate debt outstanding based on one-month term SOFR. Our objective is to limit the variability of interest payments on our debt. To meet this objective, we enter into receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps to mitigate the variable-rate cash flow exposure with fixed-rate cash flows. In accordance with our risk management strategy, we actively monitor our interest rate exposure and use derivative instruments from time to time to manage the related risk. We do not speculate using derivative instruments.

At September 30, 2024, we had one interest rate swap agreement. Under the interest rate swap, we receive one-month SOFR plus a spread adjustment of 0.10% variable interest rate payments and make fixed interest rate payments, thereby fixing the interest rate on $50.0 million of variable rate debt exposure. Payments on this interest rate swap, with a notional principal amount of $50.0 million, are due on a monthly basis at an annual fixed rate of 0.41%, and this swap expires in June 2025. The interest rate swap agreement was not designated as a cash flow hedge, and as a result, all changes in the fair value are recognized in "Change in fair value of interest rate swaps" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations rather than through other comprehensive income. At September 30, 2024 we recorded a current asset of $1.4 million in "Prepaid expenses and other" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. At December 31, 2023, we recorded a long-term asset of $3.0 million in "Other assets" on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. These assets represent the fair value of the interest rate swap agreement. The swap was valued based on observable inputs for similar assets and liabilities and other observable inputs for interest rates and yield curves (Level 2 inputs).

We are exposed to credit risk related to customer accounts receivable. In order to manage credit risk, we consider customer concentrations and current economic trends and monitor the creditworthiness of significant customers based on ongoing credit evaluations. At September 30, 2024, receivables from two customers accounted for approximately 17% and 12% of total receivables. At December 31, 2023, receivables from these two customers accounted for approximately 19% and 13% of total receivables. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total receivables.

There were no other accounting standards recently issued that had or are expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures.

Certain amounts in prior year's consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform with current year's presentation, none of which were considered material.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded $29.8 million and $101.1 million, respectively, of income tax expense and had an effective rate of 24.7% and 24.8%, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded $49.0 million and $131.7 million, respectively, of income tax expense and had an effective rate of 25.5% and 25.4%, respectively. For all periods, the primary reason for the difference between the federal statutory income tax rate of 21% and the effective tax rate was the effect of state taxes.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, cash paid for taxes, net of refunds received, were $90.0 million and $103.7 million, respectively.

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Weighted average common shares outstanding for the basic net income per common share calculation includes certain vested restricted stock units (RSUs) and performance stock units (PSUs) as there are no conditions under which those shares will not be issued. Diluted net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the combination of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and other potentially dilutive weighted average common shares. Other potentially dilutive weighted average common shares include the dilutive effect of RSUs and PSUs for each period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the exercise price of a share and the amount of compensation expense, if any, for future service that has not yet been recognized are assumed to be used to repurchase shares in the current period.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per common share:

The computation of the dilutive effect of other potential common shares excludes stock awards representing an insignificant number of shares of common stock in both the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and 0.1 million shares of common stock and an insignificant number of shares of common stock in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Under the treasury stock method, the inclusion of these stock awards would have been antidilutive.

On August 5, 2024, our wholly-owned subsidiary, Boise Cascade Building Materials Distribution L.L.C. (BMD), acquired assets of a door and millwork operation in Boise, Idaho. The purchase price of the acquisition was $3.5 million, inclusive of a $1.3 million contingent liability reflecting the acquisition date fair value of earn-out payments. We paid $2.2 million at the acquisition date and funded the acquisition and related costs with cash on hand.

On October 2, 2023, our wholly-owned subsidiary, BMD, completed the acquisition of BROSCO, a wholesale distributor specializing in doors and millwork, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated August 22, 2023 (Merger Agreement), by and among BMD, Firepit Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of BMD (the Merger Sub), BROSCO and the representative of the BROSCO stockholders. On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, on October 2, 2023, Merger Sub merged with and into BROSCO, with BROSCO surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of BMD (the BROSCO Acquisition). The purchase price of the BROSCO Acquisition was $166.2 million, net of cash acquired, and inclusive of a post-transaction closing adjustment of $3.4 million based upon working capital and indebtedness as defined in the Merger Agreement. We funded the BROSCO Acquisition and related costs with cash on hand.

The following table summarizes the final allocations of the BROSCO Acquisition purchase price consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their respective estimated fair values at the date of acquisition:

The following pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations as if the BROSCO facilities had been combined with us on January 1, 2022. The pro forma results are intended for information purposes only and do not purport to represent what the combined companies' results of operations would actually have been had the related transaction in fact occurred on January 1, 2022. They also do not reflect any cost savings, operating synergies, or revenue enhancements that we may achieve or the costs necessary to achieve these cost savings, operating synergies, revenue enhancements, or integration efforts.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price and related costs over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets of businesses acquired.

The carrying amount of our goodwill by segment is as follows:

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

Long-term debt consisted of the following:

On May 15, 2015, Boise Cascade and its principal operating subsidiaries, Boise Cascade Wood Products, L.L.C., and Boise Cascade Building Materials Distribution, L.L.C., as borrowers, and Boise Cascade Wood Products Holdings Corp., as guarantor, entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, as amended, (the Amended Agreement) with Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC, as administrative agent, and the banks named therein as lenders. The Amended Agreement includes a $400 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (Revolving Credit Facility) and a $50.0 million term loan (ABL Term Loan) maturing on the earlier of (a) September 9, 2027 and (b) 90 days prior to the maturity of our $400 million of 4.875% senior notes due July 1, 2030 (or the maturity date of any permitted refinancing indebtedness or permitted upsized refinancing indebtedness in respect thereof). Interest on borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and ABL Term Loan are payable monthly. Borrowings under the Amended Agreement are constrained by a borrowing base formula dependent upon levels of eligible receivables and inventory reduced by outstanding borrowings and letters of credit (Availability).

The Amended Agreement is secured by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of our assets, except for property and equipment. The proceeds of borrowings under the agreement are available for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

At both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and $4.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding. These letters of credit and borrowings, if any, reduce availability under the Revolving Credit Facility by an equivalent amount.

The ABL Term Loan was provided by institutions within the Farm Credit system. Borrowings under the ABL Term Loan may be repaid from time to time at the discretion of the borrowers without premium or penalty. However, any principal amount of ABL Term Loan repaid may not be subsequently re-borrowed.

Interest rates under the ABL Term Loan are based, at our election, on either Daily Simple SOFR, Term SOFR, or a base rate, as defined in the Amended Agreement, plus a spread over the index elected that ranges from 1.75% to 2.00% for SOFR rate loans and from 0.75% to 1.00% for base rate loans, both dependent on the amount of Average Excess Availability (as defined in the Amended Agreement). Both SOFR options include an additional credit spread adjustment of 0.10%. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the average interest rate on the ABL Term Loan was approximately 7.17%.

We have received and expect to continue receiving patronage credits under the ABL Term Loan. Patronage credits are distributions of profits from banks in the Farm Credit system, which are cooperatives that are required to distribute profits to their members. Patronage distributions, which are generally made in cash, are received in the year after they are earned. Patronage credits are recorded as a reduction to interest expense in the year earned. After giving effect to expected patronage distributions, the effective average net interest rate on the ABL Term Loan was approximately 6.2% during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

On July 27, 2020, we issued $400 million of 4.875% senior notes due July 1, 2030 (2030 Notes) through a private placement that was exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. Interest on our 2030 Notes is payable semiannually in arrears on January 1 and July 1. The 2030 Notes are guaranteed by each of our existing and future direct or indirect domestic subsidiaries that is a guarantor under our Amended Agreement.

The 2030 Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with all of the existing and future senior indebtedness of Boise Cascade Company and of the guarantors, senior to all of their existing and future subordinated indebtedness, effectively subordinated to all of their present and future senior secured indebtedness (including all borrowings with respect to our Amended Agreement to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness), and structurally subordinated to the indebtedness of any subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2030 Notes.

The terms of the indenture governing the 2030 Notes, among other things, limit the ability of Boise Cascade and our restricted subsidiaries to: incur additional debt; declare or pay dividends; redeem stock or make other distributions to stockholders; make investments; create liens on assets; consolidate, merge or transfer substantially all of their assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; and sell or transfer certain assets. The indenture governing the 2030 Notes permits us to pay dividends only if at the time of payment (i) no default has occurred or is continuing (or would result from such payment) under the indenture, and (ii) our consolidated leverage ratio is no greater than 3.5:1, or (iii) the dividend, together with other dividends since the issue date, would not exceed our "builder" basket under the indenture. In addition, the indenture includes certain specific baskets for the payment of dividends.

The indenture governing the 2030 Notes provides for customary events of default and remedies.

For information on our interest rate swap, see Interest Rate Risk and Interest Rate Swap of Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, cash payments for interest were $20.5 million and $21.7 million, respectively.

The components of lease expense were as follows:

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

Other information related to leases was as follows:

As of September 30, 2024, our minimum lease payment requirements for noncancelable operating and finance leases are as follows:

In first quarter 2024 and 2023, we granted two types of stock-based awards under our incentive plan: performance stock units (PSUs) and restricted stock units (RSUs).

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we granted 60,207 PSUs to our officers and other employees, subject to performance and service conditions. For the officers, the PSUs granted are subject to a three-year performance period. The number of shares actually awarded will range from 0% to 200% of the target amount. Achievement is measured in annual sub-periods, based on Boise Cascade's return on invested capital (ROIC) for 2024, 2025, and 2026. The average achievement for the three years included in the performance period will determine the number of earned PSUs, as approved by our compensation committee in accordance with the related grant agreement. We define ROIC as net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT) divided by average invested capital (based on a rolling thirteen-month average). We define NOPAT as net income plus after-tax financing expense. Invested capital is defined as total assets plus capitalized lease expense, less cash, cash equivalents, and current liabilities, excluding short-term debt. For the other employees, the PSUs granted are subject to a one-year performance period. The number of shares actually awarded will range from 0% to 200% of the target amount, depending upon Boise Cascade’s 2024 EBITDA, defined as income before interest (interest expense and interest income), income taxes, and depreciation and amortization, as approved by executive management, determined in accordance with the related grant agreement. Because the PSUs contain a performance condition, we record compensation expense over the requisite service period based on the most probable number of shares expected to vest.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we granted 93,282 PSUs to our officers and other employees, subject to performance and service conditions. The PSUs granted were subject to a one-year performance period. During the 2023 performance period, officers and other employees both earned 200% of the target based on Boise Cascade's 2023 ROIC and EBITDA, as applicable, determined by our compensation committee and executive management, as applicable, in accordance with the related grant agreements.

The PSUs granted to officers generally vest in a single installment three years from the date of grant, while the PSUs granted to other employees vest in three equal tranches each year after the grant date.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we granted an aggregate of 72,377 and 116,454 RSUs, respectively, to our officers, other employees, and nonemployee directors with only service conditions. The RSUs granted to officers and other employees vest in three equal tranches each year after the grant date. The RSUs granted to nonemployee directors vest in a single installment after a one year period.

We based the fair value of PSU and RSU awards on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the total fair value of PSUs and RSUs vested was $34.0 million and $16.8 million, respectively.

The following summarizes the activity of our PSUs and RSUs awarded under our incentive plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

We record compensation expense over the awards' vesting period and account for share-based award forfeitures as they occur, rather than making estimates of future forfeitures. Any shares not vested are forfeited. We recognize compensation expense for stock awards with only service conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Most of our stock-based compensation expense was recorded in "General and administrative expenses" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Total stock-based compensation recognized from PSUs and RSUs, net of forfeitures, was as follows:

The related tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, was $3.0 million and $2.9 million respectively. As of September 30, 2024, total unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements was $20.8 million. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.

On November 14, 2017, we announced that our board of directors approved a dividend policy to pay quarterly cash dividends to holders of our common stock. For more information regarding our dividend declarations and payments made during each of the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, see "Common stock dividends" on our Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity.

On October 30, 2024, our board of directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.21 per share on our common stock, payable on December 18, 2024, to stockholders of record on December 2, 2024. For a description of the restrictions in our asset-based credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes on our ability to pay dividends, see Note 7, Debt.

Future dividend declarations, including amount per share, record date and payment date, will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, legal capital requirements and surplus, our future operations and earnings, general financial condition, material cash requirements, restrictions imposed by our asset-based credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes, applicable laws, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

Louisiana Timber Procurement Company, L.L.C. (LTP) is an unconsolidated variable-interest entity that is 50% owned by us and 50% owned by Packaging Corporation of America (PCA). LTP procures sawtimber, pulpwood, residual chips, and other residual wood fiber to meet the wood and fiber requirements of us and PCA in Louisiana. We are not the primary beneficiary of LTP as we do not have power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of LTP. Accordingly, we do not consolidate LTP's results in our financial statements.

Related-party sales to LTP from our Wood Products segment in our Consolidated Statements of Operations were $2.6 million and $2.9 million, respectively, during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and $8.3 million and $9.0 million, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. These sales are recorded in "Sales" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Related-party wood fiber purchases from LTP were $22.1 million and $20.3 million, respectively, during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and $63.2 million and $61.5 million, respectively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. These costs are recorded in "Materials, labor, and other operating expenses (excluding depreciation)" in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

We operate our business using two reportable segments: Wood Products and BMD. We measure and evaluate our reportable segments based on net sales and segment operating income (loss). Accordingly, our chief operating decision maker reviews the performance of the company and allocates resources based primarily on net sales and segment operating income (loss) for our business segments. Unallocated corporate costs are presented as reconciling items to arrive at operating income. There are no differences in our basis of measurement of segment profit or loss from those disclosed in Note 15, Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" in our 2023 Form 10-K.    

An analysis of our operations by segment is as follows: