| ● | | prompt internal reporting to an appropriate person or persons of violations of the Code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code; and |
| ● | | accountability for adherence to the Code. |
(A) “Covered Officer” means the principal executive officer and senior financial officers, including the principal financial officer, controller or principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions. The Covered Officers of the Funds shall be identified in Schedule I, as amended from time to time.
(B) “Compliance Officer” means the person appointed by the Funds’ Board to administer the Code. The Compliance Officer of the Funds shall be identified in Schedule II as amended from time to time.
(C) “Director” or “Trustee” means a director or trustee of the Funds, as applicable.
(D) “Executive Officer” shall have the same meaning as set forth in Rule 3b-7 of the 1934 Act. Subject to any changes in the Rule, an Executive Officer means the president, any vice president, any officer who performs a policy making function, or any other person who performs similar policy making functions for the Funds.
(E) “Independent Director/Trustee” means a director/trustee of the Board who is not an “interested person” of the Funds within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“Investment Company Act”).
(F) “Implicit Waiver” means the Compliance Officer failed to take action within a reasonable period of time regarding a material departure from a provision of the Code that has been made known to an Executive Officer.
(G) “Restricted List” means that listing of securities maintained by the Compliance Officer in which trading by certain individuals subject to the Funds’ 17j-1 code of ethics is generally prohibited.
(H) “Waiver” means the approval by the Compliance Officer of a material departure from a provision of the Code.
IV. | Honest and Ethical Conduct |
(A) Overview. A “conflict of interest” occurs when a Covered Officer’s personal interest interferes with the interests of, or his or her service to, the Funds. For example, a conflict of interest would arise if a Covered Officer, or a member of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position with the Funds.
Certain conflicts of interest arise out of the relationships between Covered Officers and the Funds and already are subject to conflict of interest provisions in the Investment Company Act and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). For example, Covered Officers may not individually engage in certain transactions (such as the purchase or sale of securities or other property) with the Funds because of their status as “affiliated persons” of the Funds. The Funds’ and certain of its service providers’ compliance policies, programs and procedures are designed to prevent, or identify and correct, violations of these provisions. This Code does not, and is not intended to, restate or replace these programs and procedures, and such conflicts fall outside of the parameters of this Code.