Spinnaker ETF Series (FFIU) N-CSRSCertified semi-annual shareholder report (management investment company)

The UVA Unconstrained Medium-Term Fixed Income ETF, an exchange-traded fund (the “ETF”), is a diversified series of the Spinnaker ETF Series (the “Trust”). The Trust was established as a Delaware statutory trust under an Agreement and Declaration of Trust on December 21, 2016, and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”).

The ETF commenced operations on August 18, 2017. The investment objective of the ETF is to seek current income with limited risk to principal.  The ETF seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing principally in fixed income securities of any kind with dollar-weighted average effective duration between three and nine years, under normal circumstances.  Under normal market conditions, the ETF intends to invest at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of borrowings for investment purposes) in such securities.  Fixed income securities include bonds, debt securities, and income-producing instruments of any kind issued by governmental or private-sector entities.   

The Trust will issue and redeem shares at Net Asset Value (“NAV”) only in a large, specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit” or multiples thereof. A Creation Unit consists of 50,000 shares. Creation Unit transactions are typically conducted in exchange for the deposit or delivery of in-kind securities and/or cash. As a practical matter, only authorized participants may purchase or redeem these Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the shares are not redeemable securities of the ETF. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in proper form by Capital Investment Group, Inc. (the “Distributor”).  Individual shares of the ETF may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. Shares of the ETF are listed for trading on NYSE Arca under the trading symbol FFIU, and because shares will trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares of the ETF may trade at a price greater than or less than NAV.

Creation Transaction Fees. A creation transaction fee of $500 minimum per transaction (the "Creation Transaction Fee") is applicable to each transaction regardless of the number of Creation units purchased in the transaction.  An additional variable charge for cash creations or partial cash creations may also be imposed to compensate the ETF for the costs associated with buying the applicable securities.  The price for each Creation unit will equal the ETF's daily NAV per share times the number of Shares in a Creation unit plus the Creation Transaction Fees, and, if applicable, any transfer taxes.

Redemption Transaction Fees. A redemption transaction fee of $500 minimum per transaction (the "Redemption Transaction Fee") is applicable to each transaction regardless of the number of Creation units redeemed in the transaction.  An additional variable charge for cash redemptions or partial cash redemptions may also be imposed to compensate the ETF for the costs associated with selling the applicable securities.  The price for each Creation unit will equal the ETF's daily NAV per share times the number of Shares in a Creation unit plus the Redemption Transaction Fees, and, if applicable, any transfer taxes.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the ETF. The policies are in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).  The ETF follows the accounting and reporting guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification 946 “Financial Services – Investment Companies.”

Investment Valuation

The ETF’s investments in securities are carried at market value.  Securities listed on an exchange or quoted on a national market system are valued at the last sales price as of 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time. Securities traded in the NASDAQ over-the-counter market are generally valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. Other securities traded in the over-the-counter market and listed securities for which no sale was reported on that date are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and ask prices. Securities and assets for which representative market quotations are not readily available (e.g., if the exchange on which the security is principally traded closes early or if trading of the particular security is halted during the day and does not resume prior to the ETF’s net asset value calculation) or which cannot be accurately valued using the ETF’s normal pricing procedures are valued at fair value as determined in good faith under policies approved by the Board of Trustees (the “Board” or the “Trustees”). A security’s “fair value” price may differ from the price next available for that security using the ETF’s normal pricing procedures.  Instruments with maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value.

With respect to any portion of a ETF's assets that may be invested in other mutual funds, the value of the ETF's shares is based on the NAV of the shares of the other mutual funds in which the ETF invests. The valuation methods used by mutual funds in pricing their shares, including the circumstances under which they will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing, are included in the prospectuses of such funds. To the extent the ETF invests a portion of its assets in non-registered investment vehicles, the ETF's shares in the non-registered vehicles are fair valued at NAV.

With respect to an ETF's assets invested directly in securities, the ETF's investments are generally valued at current market prices. Equity securities, debt securities, options and futures are generally valued at the official closing price or, if none, the last reported sales price on the primary exchange or market on which they are listed (closing price). Equity securities and debt securities that are not traded primarily on an exchange are generally valued at the quoted bid price obtained from a broker-dealer.

Fair Value Measurement

Various inputs are used in determining the value of the ETF's investments.  These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:

Level 1: unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical securities

Level 2: other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities and identical securities in inactive markets, interest rates, credit risk, etc.)

Level 3: significant unobservable inputs (including the ETF’s own assumptions in determining fair value of investments)

The availability of observable inputs can vary from security to security and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of security, whether the security is new and not yet established in the marketplace, the liquidity of markets, and other characteristics particular to the security. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3.

The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls in its entirety, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. The following table summarizes the inputs as of December 31, 2022, for the ETF’s assets measured at fair value:

Investment Transactions and Investment Income

Investment transactions are accounted for as of the date purchased or sold (trade date).  Dividend income and expense are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis and includes accretion/amortization of discounts and premiums using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are determined on the identified cost basis, which is the same basis used for Federal income tax purposes.

Expenses

The ETF bears expenses incurred specifically on its behalf as well as a portion of general expenses, which are allocated according to methods reviewed annually by the Trustees.

Distributions

The ETF may declare and distribute dividends from net investment income, if any, monthly. The ETF generally declares and distributes capital gains, if any, annually. Dividends and distributions to shareholders are recorded on ex-date.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in the net assets from operations during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Federal Income Taxes

No provision for income taxes is included in the accompanying financial statements, as the ETF intends to distribute to shareholders all taxable investment income and realized gains and otherwise comply with Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies.

Advisor

The ETF pays a monthly fee to OBP Capital, LLC (the “Advisor”) calculated at the annual rate of 0.25% of the ETF’s average daily net assets.

The Advisor has engaged Universal Value Advisors as the sub-advisor of the ETF (the “Sub-Advisor”) to provide day to day portfolio management of the ETF. The Advisor pays a monthly fee to the Sub-Advisor calculated at the annual rate of 0.20% of the ETF’s average daily net assets. The Sub-Advisor is paid directly by the Advisor out of the advisory fees disclosed above.

The ETF and the Sub-Advisor have entered into a contractual agreement (the “Expense Limitation Agreement”) with the Trust, on behalf of the ETF, under which the Sub-Advisor has agreed to waive or reduce its fees and to assume other expenses of the ETF, if necessary, in amounts that limit the ETF’s total operating expenses (exclusive of (i) any front-end or contingent deferred loads; (ii) brokerage fees and commissions, (iii) acquired fund fees and expenses; (iv) fees and expenses associated with investments in other collective investment vehicles or derivative instruments (including for example option and swap fees and expenses); (v) borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short); (vi) taxes; and (vii) extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses (which may include indemnification of ETF officers and Trustees and contractual indemnification of ETF service providers (other than the Advisor or Sub-Advisor)) to not more than 0.50% of the average daily net assets of the ETF. The current term of the Expense Limitation Agreement is through October 31, 2023. While there can be no assurance that the Expense Limitation Agreement will continue after that date, it is expected to continue from year-to-year thereafter.

For the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022, the Advisor earned $17,104 in net advisory fees after payment of the sub-advisor fee.

For the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022, the Sub-Advisor earned $68,417 in sub-advisory fees, of which $43,816 were waived pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement.

Administrator

The ETF incurred $34,461 in administration fees, $9,516in custody fees, and $16,963 in fund accounting fees for the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022.

Compliance Services

The Nottingham Company, Inc. serves as the Trust’s compliance services provider including services as the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer. The Nottingham Company, Inc. is entitled to receive customary fees from the ETF for its services pursuant to the Compliance Services Agreement with the ETF.

Transfer Agent

Nottingham Shareholder Services, LLC (“Transfer Agent”) serves as transfer, dividend paying, and shareholder servicing agent for the ETF. For its services, the Transfer Agent is entitled to receive compensation from the ETF pursuant to the Transfer Agent’s fee arrangements with the ETF. The ETF incurred $6,039 in transfer agent fees during the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022.

Distributor

Capital Investment Group, Inc. (“Distributor”) serves as the ETF’s principal underwriter and distributor. The Distributor receives $6,500 per year paid in monthly installments for services provided and expenses assumed.  Additional expenses may be incurred for processing fees during the year. This expense is included in the shareholder fulfillment expenses on the Statement of Operations.

The Board is responsible for the management and supervision of the ETF. The Trustees approve all significant agreements between the Trust, on behalf of the ETF, and those companies that furnish services to the ETF; review performance of the Advisor and the ETF; and oversee activities of the ETF. Officers of the Trust and Trustees who are interested persons of the Trust or the Advisor will receive no salary or fees from the Trust. Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust or the Advisor within the meaning of the 1940 Act (the “Independent Trustees”) receive $5,000 per year payable quarterly and $2,000 per series in the Trust. The Trust will reimburse each Trustee and officer of the Trust for his or her travel and other expenses relating to attendance of Board meetings.  Additional fees may also be incurred during the year as special meetings are necessary in addition to the regularly scheduled meetings of the Board.

Certain officers of the Trust may also be officers of the Advisor or the Administrator.

For the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022, the aggregate cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of investment securities (excluding short-term securities and securities sold short) were as follows:

Distributions are determined in accordance with Federal income tax regulations, which differ from GAAP, and, therefore, may differ significantly in amount or character from net investment income and realized gains for financial reporting purposes. The general ledger is adjusted for permanent book/tax differences to reflect tax character but is not adjusted for temporary differences.

Management has reviewed the ETF’s tax positions to be taken on the federal income tax returns for the fiscal year/periods ended June 30, 2020 through June 30, 2022, and during the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022, and determined that the ETF does not have a liability for uncertain tax positions.  The ETF recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense in the Statement of Operations. During the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022, the ETF did not incur any interest or penalties.

Distributions during the year/period ended were characterized for tax purposes as follows:

At various times, the ETF may have cash, cash collateral, and due from broker balances that exceed federally insured limits. It is the opinion of management that the solvency of the financial institutions is not of a particular concern at this time.

Call/Prepayment Risk. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond may exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation earlier than expected. This may result in the ETF reinvesting proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the ETF’s income.

Interest Rate Risk. As interest rates rise, the value of fixed income securities held by the ETF are likely to decrease. Securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes, making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. Interest rates in the United States are near historic lows, which may increase the ETF's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. A wide variety of market factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policy (including the Federal Reserve ending its “quantitative easing” policy of purchasing large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government), rising inflation, and changes in general economic conditions. Interest rate changes can be sudden and unpredictable. Moreover, rising interest rates may lead to decreased liquidity in the bond markets, making it more difficult for the ETF to value or sell some or all of its bond investments at any given time.

Changes in interest rates may also affect the ETF’s share price; for example, a sharp rise in interest rates could cause the ETF’s share price to fall. Securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes, making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. Duration is an estimate of a security’s sensitivity to changes in prevailing interest rates that is based on certain factors that may prove to be incorrect. It is therefore not an exact measurement and may not be able to reliably predict a particular security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

Fixed Income Risk. When the ETF invests in fixed income securities, the value of your investment in the ETF will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned by the ETF. In general, the market price of fixed income securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. Other risk factors include credit risk (the debtor may default), extension risk (an issuer may exercise its right to repay principal on a fixed rate obligation held by the ETF later than expected), and prepayment risk (the debtor may pay its obligation early, reducing the amount of interest payments). These risks could affect the value of a particular investment by the ETF, possibly causing the ETF's share price and total return to be reduced and fluctuate more than other types of investments.

Authorized Participant Risk. Only an authorized participant (“Authorized Participant” or “AP”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the ETF. The ETF has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). Authorized Participant concentration risk may be heightened for exchange-traded funds that invest in securities issued by non-U.S. issuers or other securities or instruments that have lower trading volumes.

ETF Structure Risks. The ETF is structured as an ETF and as a result is subject to the special risks, including:

Management Risk. The ETF is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed portfolio. In managing the ETF’s portfolio securities, the Sub-Adviser will apply investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the ETF, but there can be no guarantee that these will produce the desired results. The Sub-Adviser’s decisions relating to the ETF’s duration will also affect the ETF’s yield, and in unusual circumstances will affect its share price. To the extent that the Sub-Adviser anticipates interest rates imprecisely, the ETF’s yield at times could lag those of other similarly managed funds.

Preferred Securities Risk. Investing in preferred stock involves the following risks: (i) certain preferred stocks contain provisions that allow an issuer under certain conditions to skip or defer distributions; (ii) preferred stocks may be subject to redemption, including at the issuer’s call, and, in the event of redemption, the ETF may not be able to reinvest the proceeds at comparable or favorable rates of return; (iii) preferred stocks are generally subordinated to bonds and other debt securities in an issuer’s capital structure in terms of priority for corporate income and liquidation payments; and (iv) preferred stocks may trade less frequently and in a more limited volume and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than many other securities.

Credit/Default Risk. Credit risk is the risk that issuers or guarantors of debt instruments or the counterparty to a derivatives contract, repurchase agreement, or loan of portfolio securities is unable or unwilling to make timely interest and/or principal payments or otherwise honor its obligations. Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic, social or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or other instrument or an issuer, and changes in economic, social, or political conditions generally can increase the risk of default by an issuer or counterparty, which can affect a security’s or other instrument’s credit quality or value and an issuer’s or counterparty’s ability to pay interest and principal when due. Debt instruments are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, which may be reflected in credit ratings. Securities issued by the U.S. government have limited credit risk. Credit rating downgrades and defaults (failure to make interest or principal payment) may potentially reduce the ETF’s income and Share price.

Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers are subject to risks not usually associated with owning securities of U.S. issuers. There is generally less publicly available information about foreign companies, particularly those not subject to the disclosure and reporting requirements of U.S. securities laws. Foreign issuers are generally not bound by uniform accounting, auditing, and financial reporting requirements and standards of practice comparable to those applicable to domestic issuers. Investments in foreign securities also involve the risk of possible adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations or currency exchange rates, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, limitation on the removal of cash or other assets of the ETF from foreign markets, political or financial instability, or diplomatic and other developments which could affect such investments. Further, economies of particular countries or areas of the world may differ favorably or unfavorably from the economy of the United States. Foreign securities often trade with less frequency and volume than domestic securities and therefore may exhibit greater price volatility. Investments in foreign markets also involve currency risk, which is the risk that the values of the ETF’s investments denominated in foreign currencies will decrease due to adverse changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies.

COVID-19 and Other Infectious Illnesses Risk. The outbreak of an infectious respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus known as COVID-19 has resulted in travel restrictions, closed international borders, enhanced health screenings at ports of entry and elsewhere, disruption of and delays in healthcare service preparation and delivery, prolonged quarantines, cancellations, supply chain disruptions, and lower consumer demand, as well as general concern and uncertainty. The impact of COVID-19, and other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future, could adversely affect the economies of many countries or the entire global economy, individual issuers and capital markets in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen. In addition, the impact of infectious illnesses in emerging market countries may be greater due to generally less established healthcare systems. Public health crises caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, or other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future, may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social and economic risks in certain countries or globally. As such, issuers of debt securities with operations, productions, offices, and/or personnel in (or other exposure to) areas affected with the virus may experience significant disruptions to their business and/or holdings. The potential impact on the credit markets may include market illiquidity, defaults and bankruptcies, among other consequences, particularly on issuers in the airline, travel and leisure and retail sectors.  The extent to which COVID-19 or other infectious illnesses will affect the ETF, the ETF’s service providers’ and/or issuer’s operations and results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information that may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 or other infectious illnesses and the actions taken to contain COVID-19 or other infectious illnesses. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected. As a result, whether or not the ETF invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to countries experiencing economic, political and/or financial difficulties, the value and liquidity of the ETF’s investments may be negatively affected by such events. If there is a significant decline in the value of the ETF’s portfolio, this may impact the ETF’s asset coverage levels for certain kinds of derivatives and other portfolio transactions. The duration of the COVID-19 outbreak, or any other infectious illness outbreak that may arise in the future, and its impact on the global economy cannot be determined with certainty.

Early Close/Trading Halt Risk. An exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities, or the ability to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments may be restricted, which may prevent the ETF from buying or selling certain securities or financial instruments. In these circumstances, the ETF may be unable to rebalance its portfolio, may be unable to accurately price its investments and may incur.

Cybersecurity Risk. As part of its business, the Advisor processes, stores, and transmits large amounts of electronic information, including information relating to the transactions of the ETF. The Advisor and the ETF are therefore susceptible to cybersecurity risk. Cybersecurity failures or breaches of the ETF or its service providers have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, the inability of ETF shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, and/or reputational damage. The ETF and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

Inflation-Indexed Bond Risk. Inflation-indexed bonds may change in value in response to actual or anticipated changes in inflation rates in a manner unanticipated by the ETF’s portfolio management team or investors generally. Inflation-indexed bonds are subject to debt securities risks.

Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities Risk. In addition to other risks commonly associated with investing in debt securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) are subject to “prepayment risk” and “extension risk.” Prepayment risk is the risk that, when interest rates fall, certain types of obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated, and the ETF may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. MBS are priced with an expectation of some anticipated level of prepayment of principal. Extension risk is the risk that, when interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated causing the value of these securities to fall. MBS are also subject to the risk of default on the underlying mortgages, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Reduced investor demand for mortgage loans and mortgage- related securities may adversely affect the liquidity and market value of MBS. The risks associated with investing in asset-backed securities (“ABS”) are similar to those associated with investing in MBS. ABS also entail certain risks not presented by MBS, including the risk that in certain states it may be difficult to perfect the liens securing the collateral backing certain ABS. In addition, certain ABS are based on loans that are unsecured, which means that there is no collateral to seize if the underlying borrower defaults.

U.S. Government Securities Risk. Debt securities issued or guaranteed by certain U.S. Government agencies, instrumentalities, and sponsored enterprises are not supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, so investments in their securities or obligations issued by them involve credit risk greater than investments in other types of U.S. Government securities.

Under the Trust’s organizational documents, its officers and Trustees are indemnified against certain liabilities arising out of the performance of their duties to the ETF. In addition, in the normal course of business, the Trust enters into contracts with its service providers, on behalf of the ETF, and others that provide for general indemnifications. The ETF’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the ETF.  The ETF expects risk of loss to be remote.

In accordance with GAAP, management has evaluated the need for disclosures and/or adjustments resulting from subsequent events through the date of issuance of the financial statements. This evaluation did not result in any subsequent events that necessitated disclosures and/or adjustments, other than the following items:

Distributions

Per share distributions for the ETF during the subsequent period were as follows:

Copies of the Advisor’s and Sub-Advisor’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures are included as Appendix A to the ETF’s Statement of Additional Information and are available, without charge, upon request, by calling 800-773-3863, and on the website of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) at http://www.sec.gov.  Information regarding how the ETF voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30, is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling the ETF at the number above and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

The ETF files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-PORT. The ETF’s Form N-PORT is available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also obtain copies without charge, upon request, by calling the ETF at 800-773-3863.

We are required to advise you within 60 days of the ETF’s fiscal year-end regarding federal tax status of certain distributions received by shareholders during each fiscal year.  The following information is provided for the ETF’s fiscal period ended December 31, 2022.

During the fiscal period ended December 31, 2022, the ETF paid $1,166,203 in income distributions but no long-term capital gain distributions.

Dividend and distributions received by retirement plans such as IRAs, Keogh-type plans, and 403(b) plans need not be reported as taxable income.  However, many retirement plans may need this information for their annual information meeting.

As a shareholder of the ETF, you incur ongoing costs, including management fees and other ETF expenses. This Example is intended to help you understand your ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in the ETF and to compare these costs with the ongoing costs of investing in other mutual funds.

The Example is based on an investment of $1,000 invested at the beginning of the period and held for the fiscal period from July 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022.

Actual Expenses – The first line of the table below provides information about actual account values and actual expenses. You may use the information in this line, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. Simply divide your account value by $1,000 (e.g., an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number in the first line under the heading entitled “Expenses Paid During Period” to estimate the expenses you paid on your account during this period.

Hypothetical Example for Comparison Purposes – The second line of the table below provides information about hypothetical account values and hypothetical expenses based on the ETF’s actual expense ratio and an assumed rate of return of 5% per year before expenses, which is not the ETF’s actual return. The hypothetical account values and expenses may not be used to estimate the actual ending account balance or expenses you paid for the period. You may use this information to compare the ongoing costs of investing in the ETF and other funds. To do so, compare this 5% hypothetical example with the 5% hypothetical examples that appear in the shareholder reports of the other funds.

Please note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight your ongoing costs only and do not reflect any transactional costs, such as sales charges (loads), redemption fees, or exchange fees. Therefore, the second line of the table is useful in comparing ongoing costs only and will not help you determine the relative total costs of owning different funds. In addition, if these transactional costs were included, your costs would have been higher.

In connection with the quarterly Board meeting held on May 23, 2022, the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, discussed the approval of the renewal of the management agreement, between the Trust and the Advisor, with respect to the ETF (the "Investment Advisory Agreement").

The Trustees were assisted by legal counsel throughout the review process.  The Trustees relied upon the advice of legal counsel and their own business judgment in determining the material factors to be considered in evaluating the Investment Advisory Agreement and the weight to be given to each factor considered. The conclusions reached by the Trustees were based on a comprehensive evaluation of all of the information provided and were not the result of any one factor.  Moreover, each Trustee may have afforded different weight to the various factors in reaching his conclusions with respect to the approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement.  In connection with their deliberations regarding approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Trustees reviewed materials prepared by the Advisor.

In deciding on whether to approve the renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Trustees considered numerous factors, including:

Conclusion. Having reviewed and discussed in depth such information from the Advisor as the Trustees believed to be reasonably necessary to evaluate the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and as assisted by the advice of legal counsel, the Trustees concluded that approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement was in the best interest of the shareholders of the ETF.

In connection with the quarterly Board meeting held on May 23, 2022, the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, discussed the approval of the renewal of the management agreement, between the Trust and the Sub-Advisor, with respect to the ETF (the "Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement").

The Trustees were assisted by legal counsel throughout the review process.  The Trustees relied upon the advice of legal counsel and their own business judgment in determining the material factors to be considered in evaluating the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement and the weight to be given to each factor considered.  The conclusions reached by the Trustees were based on a comprehensive evaluation of all of the information provided and were not the result of any one factor.  Moreover, each Trustee may have afforded different weight to the various factors in reaching his conclusions with respect to the approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. In connection with their deliberations regarding approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Trustees reviewed materials prepared by the Sub-Advisor.

In deciding on whether to approve the renewal of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Trustees considered numerous factors, including: