SEGMENT INFORMATION | 16. SEGMENT INFORMATION The Electrical segment manufactures high quality products used in the construction of electrical power systems including conduit, cable and installation accessories. This segment serves contractors in partnership with the electrical wholesale channel. The Safety & Infrastructure segment designs and manufactures solutions including metal framing, mechanical pipe, perimeter security and cable management for the protection and reliability of critical infrastructure. These solutions are marketed to contractors, original equipment manufacturers and end users. Both segments use Adjusted EBITDA as the primary measure of profit and loss. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is income (loss) before income taxes, adjusted to exclude unallocated expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, net, stock-based compensation, loss on extinguishment of debt, certain legal matters, and other items, such as inventory reserves and adjustments, (gain) loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment, insurance recovery related to damages of property, plant and equipment, release of indemnified uncertain tax positions, realized or unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency impacts of intercompany loans and related forward currency derivatives, gain on purchase of business, loss on assets held for sale, restructuring costs and transaction costs. Intersegment transactions primarily consist of product sales at designated transfer prices on an arm ’ s-length basis. Gross profit earned and reported within the segment is eliminated in the Company ’ s consolidated results. Certain manufacturing and distribution expenses are allocated between the segments on a pro rata basis due to the shared nature of activities. Recorded amounts represent a proportional amount of the quantity of product produced for each segment. Certain assets, such as machinery and equipment and facilities, are not allocated to each segment despite serving both segments. These shared assets are reported within the Safety & Infrastructure segment. The Company allocates certain corporate operating expenses that directly benefit our operating segments, such as insurance and information technology, on a basis that reasonably approximates an estimate of the use of these services. Three months ended December 29, 2023 December 30, 2022 (in thousands) External Net Sales Intersegment Sales Adjusted EBITDA External Net Sales Intersegment Sales Adjusted EBITDA Electrical $ 593,660 $ 1 $ 204,360 $ 638,705 $ — $ 243,836 Safety & Infrastructure 204,821 305 19,512 195,116 143 33,404 Eliminations — (306) — (143) Consolidated operations $ 798,481 $ — $ 833,821 $ — Presented below is a reconciliation of operating Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income before income taxes: Three months ended (in thousands) December 29, 2023 December 30, 2022 Operating segment Adjusted EBITDA Electrical $ 204,360 $ 243,836 Safety & Infrastructure 19,512 33,404 Total 223,872 277,240 Unallocated expenses (a) (10,349) (13,395) Depreciation and amortization (29,020) (25,967) Interest expense, net (7,793) (9,488) Stock-based compensation (4,757) (5,270) Other (b) (4,300) (1,069) Income before income taxes $ 167,653 $ 222,051 (a) Represents unallocated selling, general and administrative activities and associated expenses including, in part, executive, legal, finance, human resources, information technology, business development and communications. (b) Represents other items, such as inventory reserves and adjustments, loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment, insurance recovery related to damages of property, plant and equipment, release of indemnified uncertain tax positions, gain on purchase of business. realized or unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency impacts of intercompany loans and related forward currency derivatives, and restructuring charges. The Company ’ s net sales by geography were as follows for the three months ended December 29, 2023 and December 30, 2022: Three months ended (in thousands) December 29, 2023 December 30, 2022 United States $ 708,457 $ 750,087 Other Americas 21,209 20,554 Europe 57,408 52,030 Asia-Pacific 11,407 11,150 Total $ 798,481 $ 833,821 The table below shows the amount of net sales from external customers for each of the Company ’ s product categories which accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales in either period for the three months ended December 29, 2023 and December 30, 2022: Three months ended (in thousands) December 29, 2023 December 30, 2022 Metal Electrical Conduit and Fittings $ 139,240 $ 111,158 Electrical Cable & Flexible Conduit 115,693 123,726 Plastic Pipe and Conduit 243,840 316,165 Other Electrical products (a) 94,887 87,656 Electrical 593,660 638,705 Mechanical Pipe 84,498 78,774 Other Safety & Infrastructure products (b) 120,323 116,342 Safety & Infrastructure 204,821 195,116 Net sales $ 798,481 $ 833,821 (a) Other Electrical products includes International Cable Management, Fiberglass Conduit and Corrosion Resistant Conduit (b) Other S&I products includes Metal Framing and Fittings, Construction Services, Perimeter Security and Cable Management |