Rekor Systems (REKR) 10-K2023 FY Annual report

CERTAIN TERMS

Unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”) to “Rekor Systems, Inc.,” “Rekor,” “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Rekor Systems, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. All statements other than statements of historical facts, such as statements regarding the objectives of management, timing and the likelihood of success of various activities, the future performance of current and prospective products and services and our future results of operations and financial position, are forward-looking statements, which include all expressions of the expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions, plans, prospects or strategies of the Company. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “target,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “possible,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by the management of the Company in light of their respective experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments and their potential effects on the Company as well as other factors they believe are appropriate in the circumstances. They speak only as of the date of this Annual Report and are subject to several substantial risks, uncertainties and assumptions described under the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report. Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified and some of which are beyond our control, actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied and you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting the Company will be those anticipated. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize or should any of the assumptions being made prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

Rekor is working to revolutionize public safety, urban mobility, and transportation management using AI-powered solutions designed to meet the distinct demands of each market we serve. We work hand-in-hand with our customers to deliver mission-critical traffic and engineering services that assist them in achieving their goals. Our vision is to improve the lives of citizens and the world around them by enabling safer, smarter, and greener roadways and communities. We work towards this  by collecting, connecting, and organizing mobility data, and making it accessible and useful to our customers for real-time insights and decisioning for situational awareness, rapid response, risk mitigation, and predictive analytics for resource and infrastructure planning and reporting.

To achieve these goals, we have developed a robust, interconnected hardware infrastructure and advanced, purpose-built software platforms. These powerful tools, enriched by a diverse range of data and state-of-the-art AI, can produce a level of roadway intelligence that we believe is unmatched. Our solutions empower clients to efficiently manage and optimize the complex interactions of vehicles in motion, ensuring smooth operations within and around public safety, urban mobility, and transportation systems.

Our operations are conducted primarily by our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Rekor Recognition Systems, Inc. ("Rekor Recognition"), Waycare Technologies, Ltd. (“Waycare”), Southern Traffic Services, Inc. (“STS”), and All Traffic Data Systems (“ATD”).

A New Operating System for Roadways

The condition of national transportation infrastructure systems is a matter of great concern, particularly in the United States.

As the private sector continues to innovate and make headlines with cutting-edge technologies such as autonomous vehicles, flying taxis, and smart delivery drones, it's paradoxical that essential issues such as roadway congestion, safety, vehicle emissions and equitable access are worsening at an alarming rate. On February 2, 2023, the US Department of Transportation declared a national crisis and state of emergency for roadway safety and launched an urgent roadway safety call-to-action demanding stakeholders to commit to specific actions to reverse the spike in serious injuries and deaths on our roadways.

According to a report from the American Society of Civil Engineers ("ASCE"), US infrastructure has been graded a C minus, indicating that there is significant and urgent need for improvement. Over 65% of the 4.2 million miles of US roadways are rated in poor condition, which impacts the safety of drivers and passengers. The issue of congestion is also a serious concern, estimated to cost US citizens a whopping $120 billion per year in economic and productivity losses. Furthermore, transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions – motorists' emissions, particularly when trapped in traffic account for a significant proportion of the country's total emissions are a leading contributor to declining sustainability, which has far-reaching environmental impacts. Addressing the road infrastructure issue is imperative for both economic and ecological reasons. Last but not least, tragically, more than 43,000 people lose their lives each year while using the nation's transportation network of streets, roads, and highways, which represents a stark failure in public safety and policy. If these transportation network issues remain unaddressed, it has been projected that the United States will face a $10 trillion loss in its gross domestic product.

To address these urgent issues and ensure the competitiveness of the US economy, an unprecedented amount of funding has been made available from the federal government through the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act ("IIJA"), the Inflation Reduction Act, and the CHIPS and Science Act, that is available to help create a digitally-enabled transportation infrastructure that can serve the public good and provide new economic value. This represents a once-in-a-generation level of investment and bipartisan support for creating and scaling digital transportation infrastructure for the 21st century. Rather than a complete reset or rebuilding of infrastructure, the focus is rather to leverage their power of funding and policymaking to build on previous investments, promote new technology layers, and ensure universal access to digital infrastructure systems throughout the country.

The ultimate objective is to adopt an augmented approach to existing physical infrastructure that blends the strengths of physical, digital, and operational infrastructure with mobility data, including mobile phones, connected vehicles, roadway sensors, and more. The goal is to enable and coordinate private and public collaboration through a digital-enabled mobility internet and operating system for the roadways that will advance smarter, safer, greener roadways for all.

This is a unique moment for Rekor, and one that we have been preparing for since 2018.

Roadway Intelligence

Rekor has become a leader in roadway intelligence by collecting, connecting, and organizing global mobility data since its inception. Today, our comprehensive portfolio of products and services offers multiple cutting-edge Internet of Things ("IoT") devices for roadside data collection, an array of curated and integrated data sets from a network of transportation ecosystem data providers, as well as platforms, applications, and data streams that have been tailored for use by a demanding customer base consisting of federal state and local government agencies and large corporate clients.

We specialize in collecting and aggregating mobility-related data from multiple sources into our Rekor One® roadway intelligence engine, transforming this data into knowledge and actionable insights, and securely distributing those insights to multiple users across various software platforms and applications. Our proprietary technologies use recent advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, data analysis, edge processing, and communications. They are designed to be integrated into existing roadway and roadway sensor infrastructure to deliver real-time and predictive analytics that address critical challenges in transportation management, public safety, urban mobility, and other key commercial markets.

By applying a multi-layer architectural approach and protocols inspired by the Open System Interconnection ("OSI") model, which was instrumental in creating computer operating systems in the 1970s and the internet in the 1980s, we are collaborating with members of the Rekor Partner Network to integrate various transportation infrastructure systems – hardware, technology, and datasets - into a cohesive network of roadway intelligence assets and insights. This involves consolidating fragmented and disparate systems, as well as adding new layers of connectivity, to create a unified environment. To achieve this goal, we are working closely with a wide range of stakeholders, including local and federal government agencies, law enforcement, transit providers, infrastructure owners/operators, automotive OEMs, and technology, communications and data providers.

At Rekor, we are forging a future where the mobility internet is not just connected, but interactive, delivering real-time roadway intelligence to revolutionize traffic management, public safety, maintenance, emergency services, and planning agencies, as well as supporting connected and autonomous vehicles. Our enduring mission is to innovate and perfect a unique, AI-driven, and edge-based IoT network. This network is designed to be pivotal in this transformation, working in harmony with key partners in the transportation and public safety ecosystem to deliver the most comprehensive insights impacting safety, health, and sustainability for roadways, communities, and citizens.

Our commitment is to continue to focus our investments, merging physical and digital infrastructure to lay the groundwork for a new, advanced operating system for roadways. As we move forward, Rekor is positioned to play an indispensable and impactful role, supporting private and public agencies as they design and construct digital infrastructure operating system of the future. We are dedicated to fulfilling the critical demand for real-time and predictive roadway intelligence, ensuring that our solutions are not just innovative but also instrumental in shaping the future of public safety, urban mobility, and transportation management.

Roadway Intelligence Powered by Rekor

Our Rekor One® roadway intelligence engine is purpose-built to be a single source of truth, powered by AI and fueled by rich data. With access to multiple sources of data and our award-winning AI-driven innovations, we provide a range of solutions that address diverse use cases across various public and private sector segments. Our platforms facilitate the efficient collection, analysis, and distribution of vast amounts of data, unlocking real-time and predictive operational insights that have previously been unavailable. Using our advanced technology and centralized platform, we are well-positioned to provide a single-source of truth for roadway intelligence, and help governments and businesses turn infrastructure data into actionable insights that increase mobility and safety, drive revenue, and power innovation for billions of people and trillions of interactions.

Our Rekor One® roadway intelligence engine allows us to deliver a range of solutions that serve government and commercial customers in the public safety, urban mobility and transportation management areas. Within the Rekor One® environment, our proprietary algorithms curate data from multiple sources, including edge-based IoT devices, existing roadway sensors, and a growing network of transportation data partners, unlocking multiple trillions of additional data points. We use this data to generate multi-dimensional insights in real-time, and AI-driven predictive analytics that leverage patterns of what happened in the past so that we can forecast what will happen in the future. These insights enable our customers to make better-informed proactive decisions and achieve improved operational efficiency through strategic resource allocation.

Rekor's solutions support diverse use cases, including: 1) traffic reports, including counts showing Federal Highway Administration ("FHWA") mandated vehicle classifications and speed, analytics for bicycle, pedestrians, and other micro-mobility modes, as well as patterns and hot spots for greenhouse gas emissions, 2) data driven traffic operations and traffic management, real-time incident detection and response, including proactive traffic calming around events, and 3) high-definition ("HD") video traffic surveillance, to assist law enforcement and support intelligence-based policing, including contactless compliance and enforcement, among others. With our advanced technology and domain expertise, we are well-equipped to serve multiple public agencies and private sector segments with comprehensive roadway intelligence.

To summarize, the Rekor One® roadway intelligence engine, along with our Rekor Partner Network allows us to collect, connect, and organize more data from the roadways than ever before possible, and generate rich insights that enable our customers to make thoughtful decisions impacting their communities every day. With our deep expertise and technology, Rekor is well positioned to help businesses and governments unlock the true potential of their infrastructure data, driving innovation and enhancing the lives of billions of people worldwide.

The Road Ahead

The United States government is investing heavily in upgrading and digitizing the nation’s outdated infrastructure. Recent technological advances, such as edge- and cloud-based computing, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things, have given us an unprecedented opportunity to revolutionize mobility and bridge the divide between rapidly evolving technology and aging infrastructure. We are actively engaged in providing state-of-the-art AI-driven roadway intelligence solutions to enhance public safety, urban mobility, and transportation management. By collecting, connecting, and organizing the world’s mobility data, Rekor delivers precise, real-time, and predictive actionable insights for any moving objects on roadways. We are dedicated to delivering mission-critical solutions that help to create intelligent, secure, and sustainable streets for all communities. The ultimate objective is for Rekor to be a foundational partner in building a digitally-enabled internet and operating system for roadways that will enable smarter, safer, and more eco-friendly mobility for all. Rekor is making mobility data widely accessible and useful for all, empowering customers to make informed decisions and drive meaningful progress towards a brighter future.

Platforms, Products, and Solutions

Rekor's revenue streams are driven by our cutting-edge software and data services, along with complementary hardware and peripheral products. The Rekor One® platform is the central hub of an integrated operating system, supporting the assimilation, analysis, and distribution of data from various sources. Our sales strategy involves offering subscriptions for our software solutions, utilizing the software as a service (“SaaS”) model. These subscriptions can be provided with or without hardware sales, and our platform is designed to enable customers to enhance their existing sensor network by integrating our proprietary sensors into the network over time. While we may continue to offer long-term licenses for certain strategic partnerships, we anticipate that the bulk of our revenue will come from our innovative subscription-based model.

  Rekor One® Intelligence Platform

Rekor One®, is the bedrock of our cutting-edge AI-powered roadway intelligence platforms, serving multiple missions with modular and rapid development capabilities. Our proprietary technology and machine learning models power all our solutions, including Rekor Command™ for transportation management, Rekor Discover™ for urban mobility, Rekor Scout® for public safety, plus various commercial use cases.

The security of Rekor One®, and all our market facing solutions is our top priority. We use industry-leading security technologies and standards, including end-to-end encryption and proprietary data filters, to ensure that all captured and connected data is protected from unauthorized access or use. We adhere to strict privacy protocols and provide customers with 24/7 access to their data until it is purged. Our platform is hosted on AWS GovCloud for secure data handling and stored in secure databases with limited access only to authorized system administrators. Moreover, Rekor One® incorporates a privacy filter that uses a proprietary algorithm to strip personally identifiable information (“PII”) from data, ensuring that data privacy is safeguarded.

  Rekor Command™ for Transportation Management

Commuters today face staggering congestion, widespread safety concerns, and rising fatalities that are made far worse by outdated, siloed transportation and traffic management systems that are often overwhelmed by large amounts of unusable data. Rekor enables municipalities to transform their approach to transportation management by sourcing, managing, and transforming massive amounts of data, including connected vehicle, event, construction, weather, telematics, existing customer infrastructure, and much more, into actionable insights through AI-enabled technology. Authorities can now shift from being siloed and reactive to an interoperable and proactive approach, saving lives, improving traffic flow, and reducing pollution in their cities. Rekor Command™ acts as a seamless command center for traffic operations and traffic management centers so they can have a holistic view of their roadways in real-time, and take appropriate action to help improve safety, sustainability, and efficiency for citizens across their communities. It’s been built to identify more incidents faster, to enable proactive traffic management through crash-risk prediction, and to do this in a collaborative way connecting agencies and stakeholders, including notifying citizens and the public. As a comprehensive cross-agency platform, Rekor Command™ offers dedicated applications for traffic management centers, freeway service patrol, first responders and maintenance crews, aligning them all to better address traffic challenges while arming them with the vital information needed to identify, manage, and recover from incidents, events and irregularities on their roadways.

Rekor Command™ – Roadway Monitoring Core Application & Events Management Application

The Roadway Monitoring Core application and Events Management application are fundamental applications that sit within the Rekor Command™ platform providing cross-agency incident detection and management functionality that allows customers to effectively implement incident detection and management within their existing workflows while accessing real-time information needed to rapidly identify, manage, and recover from incidents. Traffic management agencies are able to access a live map view of their roadways and are alerted to irregular events and potential incidents that have been identified through AI assisted analysis of multiple sources of data. Once confirmed by the agency, multiple responders are notified to rapidly approach and clear the roadways, enabling traffic to continue and roadway safety to improve.

Rekor Command™ – Community Connect Application

The Community Connect application within the Rekor Command™ platform allows agencies to integrate with systems that can notify public in real-time of events or incidents that are impacting the roadway. This application is a channel for agencies to interact directly with the public, keeping citizens up to date and aware of potentially dangerous events and incidents to help prevent additional incidents from occurring.

Rekor Command™ – Advanced Analytics Application

The Advanced Analytics application within the Rekor Command™ platform provides agencies with reporting capabilities to archive incident and event information, as well as analytics to help users better understand trends, patterns, and planning. This helps Departments of Transportation ("DOTs") to understand historic patterns and arms them with the insights needed to make more proactive decisions around resource allocation and planning.

Rekor Command™ – Road Conditions Application

The Road Conditions application within the Rekor Command™ platform provides several layers of critical information about real-time conditions happening on an agency’s roadways, including real-time weather information with high geospatial specificity, regular and irregular congestion, heightened crash risk, transit impact, and current roadway status. These additional insights and data feeds help further the real-time view agencies have of their roadways and provide additional layers of information that drive decision-making.

Rekor Command™ – Asset View Application

The Asset View application within the Rekor Command™ platform allows agencies to integrate with their existing assets on the roadway and showcase these assets in real-time within the Command platform. Agency assets become an additional layer of data to drive decision making and resource allocation. Assets that are typically integrated include freeway service patrol vehicles, highway police vehicles, city police vehicles, fire department vehicles, construction vehicles, EMS, maintenance vehicles, street sweep vehicles, and snowplows.

Rekor Discover™ for Urban Mobility

Traditional approaches to capturing roadway and infrastructure analytics for planning and engineering employ expensive, manual processes that use antiquated technology to capture a fraction of the information needed for a fraction of the time. Cities, states, and municipalities know that having a clear and accurate picture of what’s happening in and around the roadway is critical as they plan and invest in the infrastructure needed for smart cities, smart transit, self-driving vehicles, and multi-modal movement across their geographies. The Rekor Discover™ platform ingests data from Rekor’s state-of-the-art hardware and fully automates comprehensive analytics and actionable insights about the movement of objects across the roadway. Whether its passenger vehicles, or multi-axle commercial trucks, Rekor Discover™ pulls ground truth insights, both in real-time and historically, allowing agencies to better organize and execute their next-generation roadway planning and city building initiatives in a smart, safe, and future-proof way. Customers access their dashboard on web-based cloud instances and review on-demand traffic reports and analytics that breakdown vehicle volumes and patterns, FHWA 13-bin vehicle classification, electric vehicle volumes and hot spots, geospatial greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles, smog scores, average and spot speeds, along with a variety of other insights. In addition to agencies, many businesses need to understand the vehicle flow, patterns, types, and other important analytics regarding vehicles in their geographies. Whether it is an engineering firm collecting roadway data for their customers, or a real estate developer planning development in a specific area, the capture of accurate, holistic roadway data is valuable for their unique use cases.

Rekor Discover™ – Count, Class and Speed Application

The Count, Class and Speed ("CCS") application within the Rekor Discover™ platform delivers per vehicle record ("PVR") data and analytics that fully automate FHWA reporting requirements for 13-bin classification. Agencies can leverage Rekor’s portable or fixed AI-based systems to capture this data in a fully automated way and then access this rich data in real-time through the CCS application's cloud-based dashboards. In addition to FHWA-13 vehicle category classification, the application also provides vehicle counting, traffic data, and speed reporting, all accessible by different agencies determined time frames. Agencies can generate reports and extract data through a REST API or also by exporting data in multiple Traffic Monitoring Guide ("TMG") standard formats (PRN, .CSV, and .PDF) for integration with the tools they may already be using. With this technology agencies can make better-informed planning decisions with ground truth information.

Rekor Discover™ – Vehicle Insite Application

Rekor Discover’s Vehicle Insite application analyzes real-time video to provide actionable, on-property vehicle intelligence such as vehicle characteristics,  Electric Vehicle (EV) statistics and other visit metrics. Utilizing state-of-the-art AI and high-definition camera systems, Vehicle Insite delivers real-time traffic data to deepen the customer’s understanding of the vehicles visiting their properties, enabling enriched experiences and targeted marketing initiatives. Our Visit Metrics feature assists in the analysis of traffic flow patterns to prepare and plan for volume fluctuations, enabling a smooth and efficient experience. Our Vehicle Characteristics feature provides vehicle demographics to leverage in the creation of targeted marketing campaigns that engage and attract the ideal customer segments. Our Vehicle Characteristics feature provides vehicle demographics to leverage in the creation of targeted marketing campaigns that engage and attract the ideal customer segments. The Vehicle Insite application helps users better plan for electric vehicle ("EV") charge station deployment, understand the movement of EVs and their adoption, and gather insights on where emissions and greenhouse gases are emitted from the roadway. The application provides cloud-based dashboards and reports the count of EVs, provides heatmaps for EVs as well as a breakdown of EV models, greenhouse gas emissions and smog, and other useful metrics. Agencies can leverage Rekor’s AI-based systems to capture this data in a fully automated way and then access this rich data in real-time through the sustainability planning application.

Rekor Scout® for Public Safety

Rekor is helping to transform the typically siloed, reactive, single-purpose world of legacy law enforcement and security technology with real-time, AI-driven solutions that act as connectors between agencies and force multipliers in a chronically under-resourced space. The Rekor Scout® platform fully automates previously manual processes with collaborative solutions that keep all stakeholders apprised of developing situations and accelerate reaction times to incidents and offenders. The platform provides accurate license plate and vehicle recognition on nearly any IP, traffic, or security camera. It provides integrated AI support for both existing cameras and any proprietary Rekor AI systems in the network and displays results on a web-based dashboard that can be accessed from anywhere by any authorized user. The platform can connect authorized law enforcement agencies to National Crime Information Center (“NCIC”) lists, allowing them to establish customized hotlists with alerts, apply customized data retention policies and share data with other agencies. Vehicles listed on "blacklists" (stolen, terrorists, amber alerts, etc.) generate an alarm in the dispatching room so that they can be intercepted by a patrol. Millions of cars per week are automatically checked in this way. Through this platform agencies can access real-time alerting, forensic research tools, and investigative tools that accelerate public safety and security missions. Agencies and customers can access plate data by state or province from over 50 countries together with the vehicles’ make, model, color, body type, and direction of travel. Users can also access subtle and unique vehicle characteristics including rust, the presence of a roof rack, mismatched paint, or the like, which can be used for investigative policing and forensics. When combined with high performance reads, parallel processing capability and best-in-class hardware such as those built and deployed by Rekor, Rekor Scout® can be an absolute force multiplier capturing license plate data and vehicle characteristics across multiple lanes at high vehicle speeds with a high degree of accuracy.

Rekor Scout® can also be accessed through a smartphone app designed specifically for law enforcement. This app enables advanced data capture by public safety officers in the palm of the hand, providing access to extremely accurate license plate recognition in areas not covered by stationary or mobile sensors, even where there is no network connectivity. The mobile application retrieves vehicle license plate number and state of registration and automatically organizes information by sessions, capturing date, location, and timestamp. Verified reads then sync with the Rekor Scout® platform, and users can receive in-app alerts using plate matches from custom and connected hotlists. With on-device encrypted lists and data, the mobile application is compliant with the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Criminal Justice Information System (“CJIS”).

Through our eCommerce platform, we also offer commercial versions of Rekor Scout® which are sold as a subscription service. Rekor Scout® for commercial users includes specialized offerings that bring value to a variety of industries including parking, retail, logistics and security.

Additional Products Supporting Additional and Commercial Use-Cases

Rekor AutoNotice™ Application for Contactless Compliance

Rekor’s AutoNotice is a cloud-based financial management application that delivers a turnkey information and citation management solution for cities, states, and municipalities for both primary and secondary offenses. Our plate-based application provides a safe, equitable, and unbiased enforcement method that requires no human involvement. The application issues notices and/or sends information to registered vehicle owners when a non-compliant vehicle is detected by a Rekor AI system. Non-compliant vehicles are any vehicles actively detected to be violating the law or otherwise requiring a compliance notice. Non-compliance may include uninsured vehicles, vehicles with expired registration, and vehicles with outdated emissions/inspection statuses. In addition to the application, there is an application programming interface for third-party payment gateways for credit card transactions to accommodate both phone and web payments. The interface can also automatically record payments in the system and provide functionality to research, manage unapplied payments, and reconcile receipts. A full call-center is also provided with our AutoNotice application to help facilitate payment or information distribution to non-compliant citizens remotely. We have active deployments of our AutoNotice application for contactless compliance scanning millions of plates and delivering thousands of notices/tickets, including a program for the State of Oklahoma that facilitates enrolling uninsured motorists into a diversion program.

Rekor CarCheck® Application Program Interface ("API")

Rekor CarCheck® allows our powerful AI based vehicle and license plate recognition technology to be conveniently accessed for a wide range of commercial applications. This API supports nearly any programming language, analyzes still images of vehicles from different countries and responds in seconds with accurate license plate data, vehicle make, model, body type, color and orientation.

Rekor Hardware Products

Rekor’s portfolio of AI-based state-of-the-art hardware products are purpose-built to optimize the value of our software as well as bring the advantages of edge processing to capture real-time roadway data. Data capture, aggregation and AI/ML analysis is done on device, at the point of capture on the roadway, so that it can be efficiently delivered to the point of use without processing delays. This reduces costs and enables our systems to work with significantly reduced bandwidth requirements, allowing us to deploy in almost any area, at scale, gathering insights from the roadway in real-time where it matters.

Rekor Edge Max™

Rekor Edge Max™ is a fixed traffic data collection system that captures and transforms high-resolution roadway data into holistic traffic insights. Engineered for high-speed primary roadways and highways up to 120 mph, 3-4 lanes (up to 6 lanes with dual cameras), and 300 ft max range, Edge Max seamlessly captures and processes vehicle data on-device and from advanced distances. The system features a durable enclosure, onboard modem, easy mounting, optional solar power, and can be configured with two cameras to increase capture range. The system captures and analyzes vehicles using the embedded Edge Processing Unit ("EPU") and AI-powered video processing. The Edge Max can be integrated into a network and features an onboard modem, easy mounting, optional solar power, and can even be configured with multiple cameras to increase capture range. 

Rekor Edge Pro™

Rekor Edge Pro™ is a complete vehicle recognition solution that can be used on a standalone basis or integrated into a network. Engineered for roadway speeds up to 70 mph, 1-2 lanes, and 75 ft max range, the system can be deployed in neighborhoods, campuses, business districts, and can also be used for parking and access control. It captures and processes data on-device within a durable enclosure. The unit is simple to install and features optional solar power that expands the number of locations where Rekor Edge Pro™ can meet the customer’s needs. 

Rekor Edge Flex™

Rekor Edge Flex™ is a non-intrusive, portable data collection system that captures and transforms high-speed roadway data into holistic traffic insights. Powered by a range of modular batteries,  the Edge Flex is designed for temporary studies lasting 1 to 7 days. Edge Flex captures up to 12 lanes of traffic and employs AI-powered video processing to analyze it on site using the embedded EPU. Vehicle category classification, vehicle counts, and speed reports are made available in web-based dashboards or exported in multiple file formats that meet TMG standards.

Rekor Traffic Services

With the addition of STS in 2022 and ATD in 2024, Rekor offers 3000+ personnel-years of unparalleled traffic data collection and traffic engineering expertise and services to our customers using both traditional and AI-based approaches. Traffic services include, but are not limited to the following:

Our global presence features an installation base spanning the United States and several international countries, allowing us to deploy our highly experienced field staff anywhere to ensure our commercial and government clients receive tailored solutions irrespective of their geographical location. 

Traditional Traffic Studies

Rekor's traditional traffic studies serve as the cornerstone for both permanent and temporary traffic analytics projects, delivering vital data and insights for those involved in the planning and management of roadway infrastructure and commercial initiatives. Our team of experts provides accurate vehicle volume counts all year round, every hour of the day, supporting trend analysis, real-time adjustments, and the advancement of traffic management systems. We emphasize tailoring our approach to meet specific goals, ensuring that each project is conducted efficiently, effectively, and in a cost-conscious manner.

Innovative AI-driven Traffic Studies

For agencies seeking to enhance their traffic management services, Rekor presents the cutting-edge AI-driven Rekor Edge Series. These solutions, available in both portable and permanent formats, mark a significant departure from traditional methods. They can be deployed quickly at roadside locations, eliminating the need for manual data collection in potentially dangerous or traffic-heavy areas.

Transitioning to Rekor’s AI-driven systems not only increases the accuracy and efficiency of traffic data collection but also prioritizes the safety of road workers by minimizing their need to work in risky conditions or disrupt traffic flow. This innovative approach is swiftly gaining favor among commercial and public entities for its ability to ensure safety, minimize road disruptions, and deliver scalable and speedy solutions. These AI-powered systems are redefining the standards of efficiency and precision, allowing clients to adeptly meet contemporary traffic management challenges.

Extensive Traffic Engineering Services

Rekor is dedicated to offering comprehensive traffic engineering services, leveraging both historical and newly gathered data. Our advanced analytical methods convert raw data into actionable insights, supporting a wide range of studies, including:

Our extensive technology portfolio, combined with our ability to deploy skilled teams anywhere in the world for traffic engineering and traffic services, positions us as a leading force in shaping the future of traffic management and infrastructure development.

Competitive Strengths

Our unparalleled, patented technology has been prominently featured by renowned outlets and has driven our global expansion. We have repeatedly earned trust and business over established incumbents in highly competitive bidding processes, owing to our award-winning proprietary technology and exceptional customer service. We provide a unique breadth, depth, and sophistication that our integrated platform delivers to multiple missions and agencies. We maintain our first-mover advantage by tirelessly investing in our competitive strengths and key differentiators.

In the transportation management, public safety, urban mobility, and commercial markets, we possess and continue to cultivate a variety of competitive strengths that set us apart:

We are dedicated to continuously enhancing our competitive advantages and differentiators, driving innovation in the transportation management, public safety, and commercial markets.

Customer Segments and Markets

Our technology and solutions are transforming the transportation infrastructure landscape, empowering customers in 80 countries around the world. With many markets currently relying on outdated physical infrastructure, or in the early stages of technology adoption, we see immense potential for growth. Our diverse customer base includes cities, states, municipalities, law enforcement agencies, and more, and our success is evidenced by our multiple pilots, proof of concept, and full-scale deployment agreements throughout the Americas.

While we will continue to pursue opportunities to sell perpetual licenses and hardware, our primary focus is on providing cutting-edge SaaS offerings and services with recurring annual revenues. Our eCommerce site allows us to serve individuals and smaller organizations at scale using a self-service recurring revenue model.

We expect the market for our solutions and services to be extraordinary. We are dedicated to addressing a wide range of market segments, including intelligent transportation systems, smart mobility, traffic analytics, incident detection and location systems, traffic and parking management, smart cities, vehicle regulatory compliance programs, and more.

Since the launch of our Rekor One® roadway intelligence Engine in 2020, our market-specific solutions have gained increased adoption, both in the government and commercial sectors. We are confident in our competitive position and look forward to continued growth and success as we lead the way in intelligent infrastructure.

Business Drivers and Growth Strategies

Our products and services have demonstrated the ability to provide significant improvements in public safety and transportation management and we anticipate that this will drive our growth. The transportation infrastructure market is in the process of transformative change due to a convergence of political, economic, societal, and technological forces. These include rising safety concerns, rapid urbanization and a heightened awareness of the impact human mobility has on the planet. Both governments and businesses are seeking out new technologies and better ways to manage public safety, urban mobility and transportation management challenges. As a result, there has been a significant increase in government funding available to digitize transportation infrastructure in the United States and other countries with a focus on deploying proven near-term solutions that are scalable, efficient, equitable and sustainable. We believe the technologies that we have developed and are continuing to develop have positioned us to take advantage of these market forces.

Our use of AI to extract information about the movements of vehicles and other objects on the roadway has proven to be a core strength, allowing us to capture comprehensive and detailed roadway data with superior accuracy and speed. The modular design of our Rekor One® intelligence platform, in tandem with our proprietary edge processing and filtering technologies, have positioned us to emerge as a leader in facilitating the emerging industry of interactive roadway intelligence. Our mission is to gather the most accurate and detailed data that can be obtained from the roadway in real time and facilitate the aggregation and analysis of that data with other sources, so that  insights drawn from that aggregation and analysis can be delivered securely and efficiently to the persons who can make the best use of it. Automotive OEMs and government agencies in the transportation industry are starting to focus on how to leverage connected vehicle data with AI to improve safety. We are building partnerships and enhancing our solutions with data to facilitate the delivery of real-time information to citizens. With Rekor Command™ for transportation management, we are at the forefront of developing predictive analytics that deliver insights based on the analysis of aggregated data from a variety of sources. These sources include real time information drawn from roadway sensors and connected vehicles, off roadway sources such as weather and event data, as well as daily, seasonal and historical trend data.

The enhanced information we provide on roadway conditions is valuable to a wide range of stakeholders. During the past three years, we have initiated the delivery of products and services to a wide range of governmental and business customers. These customers are diverse, ranging from large government entities to small entrepreneurs, and the uses they make of our technology are varied. We have used these customer relationships as an opportunity to assess the full potential of the technologies we have been developing and to learn by doing as well as imagining. When the capital markets were strong, we pursued this strategy aggressively and independently.

In the transportation management and public safety areas, where we are furthest along with the delivery of revenue producing products and services, we expect to continue to employ a "land and expand" growth strategy. This focuses on scaling our resources to supporting growth within these industry segments through expansion of the products and services delivered to existing customers, as well as recruitment of new customers who become familiar with our products and services. By expanding our services and solutions to existing customers while also facilitating cooperation between our existing and new customers we expect to continually expand our information network.

As we develop our sales and marketing capabilities, we are concentrating primarily on subscription-based solutions, with hardware sales used primarily to drive these subscriptions. We continue to explore opportunities for acquisitions or strategic investments in complementary businesses, products, services, or technologies, including those that might benefit most from the use of our technology. These strategic partnerships, mergers, and acquisitions will be attractive to us when they allow us to accelerate our growth or expand our capability to continue leading the roadway intelligence industry.

Competition

Our strategy is to disrupt the transportation infrastructure industry by offering cutting-edge, data-driven solutions that provide unparalleled roadway intelligence, surpassing our competitors. The competition in roadway intelligence takes various forms - some solely focused on Automatic License Plate Recognition ("ALPR") and vehicle recognition technology, while others specialize in data creation, aggregation, insights platforms, or smart city technologies. Additionally, there are a variety of vendors supporting the classification, counting, and speed of vehicles according to FHWA guidelines.

To lead in this highly competitive industry, we must innovate and deliver new, groundbreaking products and services that set us apart from the competition. Our ability to efficiently collect massive amounts of data from existing infrastructure, combine it with third-party data sets, and process and transform this data into actionable insights using advanced AI and data analytical tools gives us a competitive edge. We also excel by providing tailored datasets and integrated solutions and workflows to multiple agencies through a single platform, allowing us to meet the unique needs of various markets. 

Our unique approach allows us to collect vehicle classification, counts and speed across all 13 FHWA classes. We also provide deeper classification for both traditional vehicles, connected vehicles, hybrid-electric vehicles, and can report on the interactions of these modes of transport with non-motorized roadway users – including bicycles and pedestrians. In the transportation management sector, these data collection and analysis abilities differentiate our results from others in the market.  In addition, we have the ability to accomplish this data collection without intruding on the roadway, which presents a leapfrog opportunity for us to gain and accelerate market segment share because of the serious concerns that our customers have for human safety. We believe that we can sustain our success in the roadway intelligence market because we have developed groundbreaking, innovative offerings that surpass the high standards set by established industry leaders. To penetrate these established markets, we must challenge the status quo, drive the evolution of industry standards, and deliver superior price and performance characteristics.

Although we were an early leader in the successful application of AI to vehicle recognition and continue to see significant potential for innovative applications of AI in the roadway intelligence area, we do not see the use of AI itself as a proprietary advantage. Rather our early start in using AI and machine learning to develop vehicle recognition and roadway data analysis algorithms for a diverse customer base has allowed us to maintain a lead over others who have had access to the same non-proprietary AI and machine learning techniques but have not used it as early or as widely as we have. As we increase our footprint in the industry, we preserve this advantage. However, the roadway is constantly changing with the introduction of new models and types of vehicles, as well as other modifications, such as plate designs. In order to minimize potential threats from others seeking to match our performance or undercut our prices, we must remain committed to delivering differentiated, unique solutions that provide greater value and benefits to our customers. Where we have developed proprietary technologies, such as our unique edge processing and privacy filter technologies, we have taken  action to protect our innovations and intellectual property rights. However,  our primary strategy for  establishing ourselves as a leader in the industry has been the pursuit of innovation and quality. . To maintain our competitive edge, we prioritize key factors such as design innovation, security and privacy features, product quality and reliability, and exceptional service and support.

We face intense competition in the transportation and public safety markets, pitted against rival companies with significant technical, marketing, distribution, and resource advantages, as well as established hardware, software, and service offerings. Furthermore, several competitors possess a larger installed base of active devices, making the competition even more fierce. By providing a comprehensive set of solutions across a wide range of use cases, however, we feel that we can stand apart from most of our competitors, who only operate in a narrow segment of the market. We are concentrating on providing data resources that are more reliable, efficient and readily available. This includes upgrading existing infrastructure to efficiently collect reliable data, aggregating that data with third-party data, processing the data with superior analytical tools, and delivering datasets and actionable insights tailored to the specific needs of multiple agencies through a single platform. Throughout the development of our products and platforms, we have paid particular attention to network and data processing efficiency to allow results to be distributed more effectively through existing communications networks. By facilitating a variety of modular upgrades to existing infrastructure, combining data from various sources, and providing valuable real-time, historical, and predictive insights, Rekor can continue to deliver solutions that meet the needs of customers across the value chain.

Marketing and Sales

We offer products and services in multiple markets, using direct sales, an eCommerce platform and extensive partnerships and alliances. Our direct sales force is organized into groups aligned to the Intelligent Traffic Systems (“ITS”) chapters and other targeted market segments, with a primary focus on direct-to-end-user sales through a high-touch consultative process. In addition, we have established partnerships and strategic alliances that allow us to bundle our technology into purpose-built solutions for various national and global market segments.

As we continue to increase our roadway intelligence engagement with national, state and municipal DOTs, we remain focused on law enforcement communities – both directly and indirectly through strategic partners and resellers/integrators. Our market-leading solutions provide significant value to DOTs for traffic management, planning and operations, and to municipal planning organizations for urban mobility.  In addition to these agencies, our solutions also enable law enforcement, intelligence-based policing, corporate campus security, and regulatory compliance for public security. Our technology enables us to understand vehicle characteristics and behaviors beyond simple license plate capture, and digital vehicle signatures – extending into traffic analytics, sustainability metrics, and weigh-in-motion studies for motorized as well as non-motorized movements, such as bicycles and pedestrians.  In 2024, we will be working to extend our reach into smaller communities as we continue to serve medium-large DOT and law enforcement departments with our direct sales representatives.

Given that our primary market is state and local governments in the United States, the majority of our sales efforts involve a request for proposal process and/or grant application process. In 2024, we will continue to capture and submit proposals and apply for grants for our customers, while also seeking opportunities to submit concurrently with strategic partners.

Our eCommerce platform offers businesses and individuals around the world a convenient way to purchase our high-value vehicle recognition solutions with just a credit card and a click. The platform allows for self-service sign-up and a range of subscription options while also funneling customers directly to our sales support team if they need more information. Our Edge Pro camera system is the first hardware device for sale directly through the eCommerce platform. With our ALPR software preloaded, customers can activate AI-based vehicle recognition services through a subscription online or by telephone. The device is shipped globally, with optional enhancements for solar power and various pole configurations.

Research and Development

The highly competitive industries where we compete are defined by swift technological advancements. As such, our success is reliant upon a consistent and timely release of innovative products, new rich data services, and advanced technologies to the market. To ensure our competitive edge, we are constantly developing cutting-edge technologies to enhance our existing offerings, expanding our range of solutions through rigorous research and development, as well as developing new AI models and algorithms, licensing intellectual property, and acquiring third-party datasets and technology. We are committed to staying abreast of our customers' technological developments, adhering to industry standards, and meeting their increasingly stringent demands for performance, productivity, quality, and predictability. As a result, we will continue to make significant investments in research and development and data and analytics as we strive to maintain our position as a leader in our field.

Proprietary Technology and Intellectual Property

Our innovative hardware devices, accessories, software, and services are protected by a collection of patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade dress, and other forms of intellectual property rights both in the United States and foreign countries. While we recognize the importance of owning these intellectual property rights and believe they contribute to our success, we know that the know-how of our skilled personnel and their technical competence and marketing abilities are the foundation of our Company's achievements.

To ensure our continued success, we prioritize the filing of patent applications to safeguard the innovations that arise from our research, development, and design efforts, and we are currently pursuing multiple patent applications. With our commitment to intellectual property rights and our talented personnel, we are well-positioned to lead the market in delivering cutting-edge solutions and services.

Acquisitions

On June 17, 2022, we completed the STS Acquisition.

On January 2, 2024, we completed the ATD Acquisition. For additional information, see Item 8 of Part II, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data — Note 17 — Subsequent Events”

Additional information concerning the STS and ATD Acquisitions is provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under ITEM 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations.”

Human Capital Management

We look for our employees to represent the best and brightest in our industry and the talent we select to be a part of our team defines our culture and success. Our global workforce is highly educated, technical and specialized, with a substantial majority of employees working in technical roles.

As of March 25, 2024, we had 351 employees, of which 347 were full-time and four considered part-time. We consider our employee relations to be good. To date, we have been able to locate and engage highly qualified employees as needed and do not expect our growth efforts to be constrained by a lack of qualified personnel.

Seasonality

We derive revenues substantially from the sale of software, hardware and related services and do not currently anticipate a significant seasonality impact on our revenues. There is a portion of our revenue that requires our technicians and field support team to work outside, their ability to work and provide services to our end customers can be impacted by inclement weather in the winter months. Should our penetration of tolling and other markets involving per recognition fees expand, we would expect to become more subject to seasonal traffic patterns.

Insurance and Risk Management

We maintain insurance covering professional liability and claims involving bodily injury, property and economic loss. We consider our present limits of coverage, deductibles, and reserves to be adequate. Whenever possible, we endeavor to eliminate or reduce the risk of loss on a project through quality assurance and control, risk management, workplace safety, and other similar methods.

Risk management is an integral part of our project management approach for fixed-price contracts and our project execution process. We also evaluate risk through internal risk analyses in which our management reviews higher-risk projects, contracts, or other business decisions that require corporate legal and risk management approval.

Regulation

We are regulated in some of the fields in which we operate. When working with governmental agencies and entities, we must comply with laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of contracts. These laws and regulations contain terms that, among other things, may require certification and disclosure of all costs or pricing data in connection with various contract negotiations. We are subject to the laws and regulations that restrict the use and dissemination of information classified for national security purposes.

To help ensure compliance with these laws and regulations, our employees are sometimes required to complete tailored ethics and other compliance training relevant to their position and our operations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Certain factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, in addition to other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment. 

Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure and Business

We are currently not profitable, and we may be unable to become profitable on a quarterly or annual basis.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, we had a loss from continuing operations of $45,685,000. We cannot assure that we will be profitable in the future or that our financial performance will sustain a sufficient level to completely support operations. Our ability to become profitable in future periods could be impacted by government activity and regulation, economic instability and other items that are not in our control. A significant portion of our expenses are fixed in advance. In addition, we have experienced and expect to continue to experience significant expenses related to acquisitions and the development of new products and services. Our success as a technology-based company focused on roadway intelligence will require us to generate sufficient new revenues from the roadway intelligence market to support our business plan while continuing to operate as a public company. As a result, we may continue to experience operating losses and net losses in the future, which would make it difficult to fund operations and achieve our business plan and could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

The market for certain of our solutions is new and unproven, may decline or experience limited growth and is dependent in part on our ability to attract new customers to adopt our platform and use our services.

The market for an ecosystem that connects government agencies, service providers and, ultimately, drivers is relatively new and some aspects of it are unproven, therefore, it is subject to several risks and uncertainties. We believe that our future success will significantly depend in large part on the growth, if any, of this market. The use of advanced vehicle recognition systems and marketplace data to obtain data on vehicles, drivers and the environment is still relatively new and potential customers may not recognize the need for, or benefits of, our platform and solutions. Moreover, if they do not recognize the need for and benefits of our platform and solutions, they may decide to adopt alternative services to satisfy some portion of their business needs.

Our ability to expand the market that our platforms and solutions address depends upon a number of factors, including the cost, performance and perceived value associated with them. The market for our platforms and solutions could fail to grow significantly or there could be a reduction in demand for its services as a result of a lack of acceptance, technological challenges, competing services, decreases in spending by current and prospective customers, weakening economic conditions and other causes. If our market does not experience significant growth, or demand for our services decreases, then our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We depend on component and product manufacturing provided by outsourcing partners, most of which are located outside of the U.S.

We rely on outsourcing partners primarily located in Europe and Asia to supply and manufacture many components of substantially all of our hardware products. Any failure of these partners to perform can have a negative impact on our cost or supply of components or finished goods. In addition, manufacturing or logistics in these locations or transit to final destinations can be disrupted for a variety of reasons, including natural and man-made disasters, information technology system failures, commercial disputes, military actions, economic, business, labor, environmental, public health or political issues, or international trade disputes.

Our internal investments and go-to-market strategy may place downward pressure on our operating margins.

To increase our revenue growth, we continue to invest in our business, including investments into new markets and in innovation and product development to expand the suite of solutions we provide to our customers. Our operating margins experience downward pressure in the short term as a result of these investments. Furthermore, our investments may not produce the expected results. If we are unable to successfully execute our go-to-market strategy and product development activities, we may experience continued losses.

We have not been a leading provider of traffic management and public safety products and services in the past and do not have the level of established contacts and existing business relationships that some of our competitors have.

Although it is growing, our presence in the transportation and public safety markets has been limited. As a result of this, although we believe our products and services have significant competitive advantages, we may encounter difficulties in establishing widespread market acceptance of our products in various markets and regions. Early successes in penetrating these markets and regions may not be able to be sustained once our ability to compete with our more established competitors comes to their attention. They may seek to develop more competitive products before their existing contracts expire, reduce prices, use to advantage their past association as a trusted provider and their superior financial and marketing resources and use other stratagems to competitive advantage, which could significantly impact our ability to continue to grow.

We may need to raise additional capital in the future, which may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all.

We have experienced fluctuations in earnings and cash flows from operations from year to year. To support business growth, or if our business declines, we may need to raise additional capital to support operations, pursue acquisitions or expand our operations. Such additional capital may be raised through bank borrowings, or other debt or equity financings. We cannot assure you that any additional capital will be available on a timely basis, on acceptable terms, or at all, and such additional financing may result in further dilution to our stockholders.

Our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to: our ability to increase revenue, reduce net losses and generate net income; market acceptance of our services, and the overall level of sales of our services; our need to respond to technological advancements and our competitors’ introductions of new products, services or technologies; our ability to control costs; promptness of customer payments; our ability to successfully negotiate arrangements with credit providers; and enhancements to subsidiaries’ infrastructure and systems.

If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will be reduced, and such securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our common stock. Additional equity or debt financing may not be available on favorable terms, on a timely basis, or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to continue our operations as planned, develop or enhance our products, expand our sales and marketing programs, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, or we may be forced to sell assets at prices below their stated value.

If we experience declining or flat revenues and fail to manage such declines effectively, we may be unable to execute our business plans and may experience future weaknesses in operating results.

To achieve future growth, we will need to continue to employ qualified personnel and invest in additional research and development and sales and marketing activities, which could limit our ability to reduce expenses or lead to increases in our expenses and result in future declines in operating results. In addition, our future expansion is expected to place a significant strain on our managerial, administrative, operational, financial and other resources. If we are unable to manage these activities or any revenue declines successfully, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

If we are unable to retain our existing customers, our revenue and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Customers have no obligation to renew their contracts or subscriptions after they expire, and these contracts and subscriptions may not be renewed on the same or more profitable terms. In addition, many of our large governmental contracts are subject to termination on short notice without cause. As a result, our ability to sustain our revenue base depends in part on contracts and subscription renewals. We may not be able to accurately predict future trends in customer renewals, and our customers’ renewal rates may decline or fluctuate because of several factors, including their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with our products and services, the prices of our services, the prices of the products and services offered by our competitors or reductions in our customers’ spending levels. If our customers do not renew their contracts and subscriptions for our products and services, renew on less favorable terms, or do not purchase additional functionality, our revenue may grow more slowly than expected or decline, and our profitability and gross margins may be harmed.

Our sales cycles for commercial and government clients can be long, unpredictable and require considerable time and expense, which may cause our operating results to fluctuate.

The timing of our revenue from sales to commercial and government clients is difficult to predict. These efforts require us to educate our clients about the use and benefit of our services, including the technical capabilities and potential cost savings to an organization. Commercial clients typically undertake a significant evaluation and pilot testing process that has in the past, resulted in lengthy sales cycles, typically several months. We spend substantial time, effort and money on our commercial sales efforts without any assurance that these efforts will produce any sales. In addition, subscriptions are frequently subject to budget constraints and unplanned administrative, processing and other delays. If sales expected from a specific client for a particular reporting period are not realized in that period or at all, our results could fall short of expectations and our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Industry consolidation may result in increased competition.

Some of our competitors have made or may make acquisitions or may enter into partnerships or other strategic relationships to offer a more comprehensive service than they had offered individually. In addition, new entrants not currently considered to be competitors may enter the market through acquisitions, partnerships or strategic relationships. We expect these trends to continue as companies attempt to strengthen or maintain their market positions. Many of the companies driving this trend have significantly greater financial, technical and other resources than we do and may be better positioned to acquire and offer complementary services and technologies. Such combinations and realignments may create more compelling service offerings or offer greater pricing flexibility than we can or may engage in business practices that make it more difficult for us to compete effectively, including on the basis of price, sales and marketing programs, technology or service functionality. These pressures could result in a loss of customers, reduction in revenues or limitation on our ability to grow.

We may not be able to respond to rapid technological changes in time to address the needs of our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our sales and profitability.

The cloud-based services and AI-based product markets in which many of our products and services compete are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent introduction of new products and services and evolving industry standards. Our ability to remain competitive will depend in large part on our ability to continue to enhance our existing products and services and develop new service offerings that keep pace with these markets’ rapid technological developments. Additionally, to achieve market acceptance, we must effectively anticipate and offer products and services that meet changing client demands in a timely manner. Clients may require features and capabilities that our current products and services do not have. If we fail to develop products and services that satisfy customer requirements in a timely and cost-effective manner, our ability to renew subscriptions with existing clients and our ability to create or increase demand for our products and services will be harmed, and our revenue and results of operations would be adversely affected.

The success of our business will depend, in part, on the continued services of certain key personnel and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel.

The success of our business will depend, in part, on the continued services of certain members of our management. Our inability to attract and retain qualified personnel could significantly disrupt our business.

Although we take prudent steps to retain key personnel, we face competition for qualified individuals from numerous professional services and technology companies. For example, our competitors may be able to attract and retain more qualified professional and technical personnel by offering more competitive compensation packages. If we are unable to attract new personnel and retain our current personnel, we may not be able to develop and maintain our services at the same levels as our competitors and we may, therefore, lose potential customers and sales penetration in certain markets. It may also be difficult to attract and retain qualified individuals in the timeframe demanded by our clients. Furthermore, some of our contracts may require us to employ only individuals who have particular government security clearance levels.

We may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of acquisitions which we consummate, and we may be subject to business uncertainties.

Uncertainties about the effect of our recent and planned acquisitions on employees and customers may have an adverse effect on our Company. These uncertainties may impair our ability to attract, retain and motivate key personnel for a period of time after the acquisitions, and could cause customers, suppliers and others that deal with us to seek to change existing business relationships with us, which may have an adverse effect on our Company. Employee retention may be particularly challenging, as employees may experience uncertainty about their future roles with us.

The achievement of the benefits expected from the integration of acquired companies may require us to incur significant costs. The incurrence of any such costs, as well as any unexpected costs or delays, in connection with such integration, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.

We may be required to write-down certain assets after completing our required annual evaluations, which may affect our reported financial results.

The initial determination of the fair value of assets we acquire upon consummation of an acquisition is based upon an internal valuation. We are required to analyze the carrying value of our acquired intangibles and goodwill on an annual basis going forward. After the detailed annual evaluation of the carrying value of the intangible assets, as supported by external analysis, we may be required to make adjustments to our consolidated balance sheet and/or statement of operations. Any adjustments will affect our reported financial results.

Our operating results may be harmed if we are required to collect sales or other related taxes for our licensing and subscription products and services or pay regulatory fees in jurisdictions where we have not historically done so.

Primarily due to the nature of our cloud-based services in certain states and countries, we do not believe we are required to collect sales or other related taxes from our customers in certain states or countries. However, one or more other states or countries may seek to impose sales, regulatory fees or other tax collection obligations on us, including for past sales by us or our resellers and other partners. A successful assertion that we should be collecting sales or other related taxes on our services or paying regulatory fees could result in substantial tax liabilities for past sales, discourage customers from purchasing our services or otherwise harm our business and operating results.

Improper disclosure of confidential and personal data could result in liability and harm to our reputation.

Our handling and storage of the data we collect from some of our customers, vendors and employees, and our processing of data, which may include confidential or personally identifiable information, through the services we provide, may be subject to a variety of laws and regulations, which have been adopted by various federal, state and foreign governments to regulate the collection, distribution, use and storage of personal information of individuals. Several foreign countries in which we conduct business, including the European Economic Area (“EEA”) and Canada, currently have in place or have recently proposed, laws or regulations concerning privacy, data protection and information security, which are more restrictive than those imposed in the United States. Some of these laws are in their early stages and we cannot yet determine the impact these revised laws and regulations, if implemented, may have on our business. However, any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with these privacy laws, regulations, policies or obligations or any security incident that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally identifiable information or other customer data in our possession, could result in government enforcement actions, litigation, fines and penalties and/or adverse publicity, all of which could have an adverse effect on our reputation and business.

For example, the EEA wide General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) became applicable on May 25, 2018, replacing the data protection laws of each EEA member state. The GDPR implemented more stringent operational requirements for processors and controllers of personal data, including, for example, expanded disclosures about how personal information is to be used, limitations on retention of information, increased requirements to erase an individual’s information upon request, mandatory data breach notification requirements and higher standards for data controllers to demonstrate that they have obtained valid consent for certain data processing activities. It also significantly increases penalties for non-compliance, including where we act as a service provider (e.g. data processor). If our privacy or data security measures fail to comply with applicable current or future laws and regulations, we may be subject to litigation, regulatory investigations, enforcement notices requiring us to change the way we use personal data or our marketing practices, fines, for example, of up to 20 million Euros or up to 4% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year (whichever is higher) under the GDPR, or other liabilities, as well as negative publicity and a potential loss of business.

Data protection regulation remains an area of increased focus in all jurisdictions and data protection regulations continue to evolve. There is no assurance that we will be able to meet new requirements that may be imposed on the transfer of personally identifiable information from the EU to the United States without incurring substantial expense or at all. European and/or multi-national customers may be reluctant to purchase or continue to use our services due to concerns regarding their data protection obligations. In addition, we may be subject to claims, legal proceedings or other actions by individuals or governmental authorities if they have reason to believe that our data privacy or security measures fail to comply with current or future laws and regulations.

Moreover, we must ensure that certain vendors and customers who have access to such information also have the appropriate privacy policies, procedures and protections in place. Although we take customary measures to protect such information, the continued occurrence of high-profile data breaches provides evidence of an external environment increasingly hostile to information security. If our security measures are breached as a result of third-party action, employee or subcontractor error, malfeasance or otherwise, and, as a result, someone obtains unauthorized access to customer data, our reputation may be damaged, our business may suffer and we could incur significant liability. Techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and are growing increasingly sophisticated. As a result, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures.

This environment demands that we continuously improve our design and coordination of security controls throughout our business. Despite these efforts, it is possible that our security controls over data, training and other practices we follow may not prevent the improper disclosure of personally identifiable or other confidential information.

If an actual or perceived breach of our security occurs, we could be liable under laws and regulations that protect personal or other confidential data resulting in increased costs or loss of revenues and the market perception of our services could be harmed.

Our business could be negatively impacted by cyber and other security threats or disruptions.

We face various cyber and other security threats, including attempts to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information and networks; insider threats; threats to the security of our facilities and infrastructure; and threats from terrorist acts or other acts of aggression. Cyber threats are constant and evolving and include, but are not limited to, computer viruses, malicious software, destructive malware, attacks by computer hackers attempts to gain unauthorized access to data, disruption or denial of service attacks, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in mission critical systems, unauthorized release or loss of confidential, personal or otherwise protected information (ours or that of our employees, customers or subcontractors), and corruption of data, networks or systems. In addition, we could be impacted by cyber threats or other disruptions or vulnerabilities found in products we use or in our partners’ or customers’ systems that are used in connection with our business. Our clients and subcontractors face similar threats and/or they may not be able to detect or deter them, or effectively mitigate resulting losses. These threats could damage our reputation as well as our subcontractor’s ability to perform and could affect our client’s ability to pay.

Although we use various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate the risk of these threats to us, our clients and our partners, there can be no assurance that these procedures and controls will be sufficient. The impact of these factors is difficult to predict, but one or more of them could result in the loss of information or capabilities, harm to individuals or property, damage to our reputation and/or require remedial actions or lead to loss of business, regulatory actions potential liability and financial loss, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.

We are dependent upon technology services, and if we experience damage, service interruptions or failures in our computer and telecommunications systems, our customer and worker relationships and our ability to attract new customers may be adversely affected.

Our business could be interrupted by damage to or disruption of our computer, telecommunications equipment, software systems, or software applications. Our customers’ businesses may be adversely affected by any system, application or equipment failure we experience. As a result of any of the foregoing, our relationships with our customers may be impaired, we may lose customers, our ability to attract new customers may be adversely affected and we could be exposed to contractual liability. Precautions in place to protect us from, or minimize the effect of, such events may not be adequate.

In addition, the failure or disruption of mail, communications and/or utilities could cause an interruption or suspension of our operations or otherwise harm our business. Our property and business interruption insurance may be inadequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur as a result of any system or operational failure or disruption and, as a result, revenue, profits and operating results could be adversely affected.

If we do not keep pace with rapid technological changes and evolving industry standards, we will not be able to remain competitive, and the demand for our services will likely decline.

The markets in which we operate are in general characterized by the following factors: changes due to rapid technological advances; additional qualification requirements related to technological challenges; and evolving industry standards and changes in the regulatory and legislative environment. Our future success will depend upon our ability to anticipate and adapt to changes in technology and industry standards and to effectively develop, introduce, market and gain broad acceptance of new product and service enhancements incorporating the latest technological advancements.

A downturn of the U.S. or global economy or in our ability to provide customers with a sustained level of support could result in our customers using fewer products and services or becoming unable to pay us for our services on a timely basis or at all, which would materially adversely affect our business.

Because demand for our solutions and services are sensitive to changes in the level of economic activity, our business may suffer during economic downturns. During periods of weak economic growth or economic contraction, the demand for outsourced services could decline. In addition, market forces may restrict our ability to sustain funding for our sales and support efforts. When the level of demand for our products and services drops, our operating profit could be impacted unfavorably because expenses may not decline as quickly as revenues. In these periods, we can only reduce selling and administrative expenses to a certain level without negatively impacting the long-term potential of our business.

Additionally, during economic downturns, government agencies and companies may slow the rate at which they pay their vendors, or they may become unable to pay their obligations. If our customers become unable to pay amounts owed to us or pay us more slowly, then our cash flow and profitability may suffer significantly.

Our ability to use our net operating losses to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations, which could subject our business to higher tax liability.

We may be limited in the portion of net operating loss carryforwards that we can offset future taxable income for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. As of December 31, 2023, we had gross federal and state net operating loss carryforwards, or NOLs, of approximately $156,392,000 and $149,122,000, respectively. A lack of future taxable income could adversely affect our ability to use these NOLs. In addition, future changes in our stock ownership, including through acquisitions, could result in ownership changes under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and may result in a limitation on the amount of NOL carryforwards that could be used annually to offset future taxable income and taxes payable. Our NOLs at December 31, 2023 may also be impaired under similar provisions of state law and may expire unused or underused, which would prevent us from using our NOL carryforwards to offset future taxable income.

Assertions by a third party that our services and solutions infringe its intellectual property, whether or not correct, could subject us to costly and time-consuming litigation or result in settlements or licensing arrangements that could affect our short-term or long-term profitability.

There is frequent litigation in the software and technology industries based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. Regardless of the merit of these claims, they can be time-consuming, result in costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel or require us to develop non-infringing technology or enter into license agreements. Because of the potential for court awards that are difficult to predict, it is not unusual to find even arguably unmeritorious claims settled for significant amounts. In addition, our service agreements may require us to indemnify our customers from certain third-party intellectual property infringement claims, which could increase our costs as a result of defending such claims and may require that we pay damages if there were an adverse ruling related to any such claims. Competitors may also seek to use these claims and the pendency of associated litigation as a means of attempting to discredit us or make potential customers fearful of using us, which could harm our relationships with our customers, deter future customers from subscribing to our services or expose us to further litigation. These costs, monetary or otherwise, associated with defending against third-party allegations of infringement could have negative effects on our business, financial condition and operating results. 

If our services are used to commit intentional or illegal acts, we may incur significant liabilities, our services may be perceived as not secure, and customers may curtail or stop using our services.

Certain services offered by us enable customers to capture data from video images. Although our service agreements require our customers to comply with all applicable laws, we do not exercise direct control overuse or content of information obtained by our customers through the use of our services. If our services are used by others to commit bad or illegal acts, we may become subject to claims and subject to other potential liabilities. Defending against such claims could be expensive and time-consuming, and there is a possibility that we could incur significant liability to entities who were harmed by such acts. As a result, our business may suffer, and our reputation may be damaged.

We use a limited number of data centers to deliver our services. Any disruption of service at these facilities could harm our business.

Our cloud-based services are hosted from third-party data center facilities located in various parts of the United States. We also use these facilities for some of our development efforts. We do not control the operation of these facilities. The owners of these data center facilities have no obligation to renew their agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If we are unable to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms, we may be required to transfer to new data center facilities, and we may incur significant costs and possible service interruption in connection with doing so. In addition, our operations and development efforts could be seriously affected by failures or interruptions in service at these facilities. Any changes in third-party service levels at these third-party data centers or any errors, defects, disruptions or other performance problems with our services related to the non-performance of these facilities could harm our reputation and may damage our clients’ businesses. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits to clients, subject us to potential liability, cause clients to terminate their subscriptions or harm our renewal rates.

Our data centers are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, intentional bad acts, pandemics, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, war, terrorist attacks, power losses, hardware failures, systems failures, telecommunications failures and similar events. The occurrence of a natural disaster, an act of terrorism, vandalism or other misconduct, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in our services. 

Our long-term success depends, in part, on our ability to expand the sales of our services to customers located outside of the United States, and thus our business is susceptible to risks associated with international sales and operations.

Conducting international operations subjects us to other risks than those we have generally faced in the United States. These risks include: localization of our services and adaptation for local practices, differences in local, legal standards and regulatory requirements; difficulties in managing and staffing international operations; fluctuations in currency exchange rates; dependence on customers, third parties, and channel partners with whom we do not have extensive experience; potentially adverse tax consequences, including the complexities of foreign value-added or other tax systems; reduced or varied protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; and increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities. Operating in international markets also requires significant management attention and financial resources. The investment and additional resources required to establish operations and manage growth in other countries may not produce desired levels of revenue or profitability.

Our success depends in part on our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights.

We rely on a combination of trade secret, patent, copyright, service mark and trademark laws, as well as confidentiality procedures and contractual restrictions, to establish and protect our intellectual property rights, all of which can provide only limited protection. In addition, we have not patented significant technologies used to provide our services. We cannot assure you any future patents that may be applied for and issued will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Any patents that we may issue in the future from future patent applications may not provide sufficiently broad protection or they may not prove to be enforceable in actions against alleged infringers. Also, we cannot assure you that any future service mark or trademark registrations will be issued for pending or future applications or that any registered service marks or trademarks will be enforceable or provide adequate protection of our proprietary rights.

We endeavor to enter into agreements with our employees and contractors and agreements with parties with whom we do business to limit access to and disclosure of our proprietary information. The steps we have taken, however, may not prevent unauthorized use or the reverse engineering of our technology. Moreover, others may independently develop technologies that are competitive to ours or infringe our intellectual property. Enforcement of our intellectual property rights also depends on our successful legal actions against these infringers, but these actions may not be successful, even when our rights have been infringed.

Furthermore, effective patent, trademark, service mark, copyright and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which our services are available. In addition, the legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability and scope of protection of intellectual property rights in Internet-related industries are uncertain and still evolving.

Material defects or errors in the software that we use to deliver our services could harm our reputation, result in significant costs to us and impair our ability to sell our solutions.

The software applications underlying our products and services are inherently complex and may contain material defects or errors, particularly when first introduced or when new versions or enhancements are released. Any defects that cause interruptions to the availability of our products and services could result in: a reduction in sales or delay in market acceptance of our services; sales credits or refunds to customers; loss of existing customers and difficulty in attracting new customers; reputational harm; and diversion of internal resources. The costs incurred in correcting any material defects or errors in our products and services may be substantial and could harm our operating results.

Government regulation of the Internet, telecommunications and other communications technologies could harm our business and operating results.

As internet commerce and telecommunications continue to evolve, increasing regulation by federal, state or foreign governments and agencies becomes more likely. Any increase in regulation could affect our clients’ ability to collect and share data, potentially reducing demand for our products and services. In addition, taxation of products and services provided over the Internet or other charges imposed by government agencies or by private organizations for accessing the Internet or utilizing telecommunications services may also be imposed. Any regulation imposing greater fees for internet use or restricting the exchange of information over the internet could diminish the viability of our services, which could harm our business and operating results.

Natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, and other catastrophic events or other events outside of our control may damage our business and operating results.

In the event of natural disasters, public health crises, such as pandemics and epidemics, including from the continued effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, political crises, such as terrorism, war, political instability or other conflicts, or other events outside of our control, our business and operating results could suffer. Moreover, these types of events could negatively impact consumer spending in the impacted regions or depending upon the severity, globally, which could adversely impact our operating results.

Risks relating to our common stock

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable reports about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business, our market and our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our shares, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease covering us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may cause the price of our common stock to decline.

As of March 25, 2024, we have a total of 85,324,918 shares of common stock outstanding. Based on shares outstanding as of March 25, 2024, 4,388,872 shares of common stock, or 5.1%, are beneficially owned by our officers, directors and their affiliated entities, and will be subject to volume limitations under Rule 144 under the Securities Act and various vesting agreements. In addition, 12,395,649 shares of our common stock that are subject to outstanding options, restricted stock units and warrants as of March 25, 2024, will become eligible for sale in the public market to the extent permitted by the provisions of various vesting agreements, and Rules 144 and 701 under the Securities Act.

We cannot predict what effect, if any, sales of our shares in the public market or the availability of shares for sale will have on the market price of our common stock. However, future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, including shares issued on exercise of outstanding options, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

The market price of our common stock may be volatile and this may adversely affect our stockholders.

The price at which our common stock trades may be volatile. The stock market can experience significant price and volume fluctuations that affect the market prices of all securities, including securities of companies like us. The market price of our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including:

In addition, the stock market in general has experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated to or disproportionate to the operating performance of companies in our industry. These broad market and industry factors may materially reduce the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance.

Investors may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.

In order to raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. We cannot assure investors that we will be able to sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is equal to or greater than the price per share paid by investors, and investors purchasing our shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders. The price per share at which we may sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share paid by investors.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently anticipate that for the foreseeable future we will retain all of our future earnings for the development, operation and growth of our business and general corporate purposes. Any future determination to pay dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.

Our executive officers, directors, principal stockholders and their affiliates will continue to exercise significant influence over our company, which will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could delay or prevent a change in corporate control.

As of March 25, 2024, our executive officers, directors, five percent or greater stockholders and their respective affiliates owned in the aggregate approximately 5.1% of our common stock.

These stockholders have the ability to influence us through this ownership position and may have a determining role in matters requiring stockholder approval. For example, these stockholders may be able to ultimately determine elections of directors, amendments of our organizational documents, or approval of any merger, sale of assets, or other major corporate transaction. This may prevent or discourage unsolicited acquisition proposals or offers for our common stock that you may feel are in your best interest as one of our stockholders. The interests of this group of stockholders may not always coincide with your interests or the interests of other stockholders and they may act in a manner that advances their best interests and not necessarily those of other stockholders, including seeking a premium value for their common stock, and might affect the prevailing market price for our common stock.

We are a “smaller reporting company” and, as a result of the reduced disclosure and governance requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies, our common stock may be less attractive to investors.

We are currently a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that we are not an investment company, an asset-backed issuer, or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a “smaller reporting company,” and have had annual revenues of less than $100 million and public float of less than $700 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. As a “smaller reporting company,” we are subject to lesser disclosure obligations in our SEC filings compared to other issuers. Specifically, "smaller reporting companies" are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in their filings, are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in their SEC filings, including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited consolidated financial statements in annual reports. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status as a “smaller reporting company” may make it harder for investors to analyze our operating results and financial prospects.

Delaware law and provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make a merger, tender offer or proxy contest difficult, thereby depressing the trading price of our common stock.

The anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with stockholders owning in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock for three years after the person becomes an interested stockholder, even if a change of control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. In addition, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may make the acquisition of our company more difficult, including that: the request of one or more stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than 35% of the vote at a meeting is required to call a stockholder meeting. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing and cause us to take certain actions you desire.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Rekor recognizes the critical importance of developing, implementing, and maintaining robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems and protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our data and our exposure management solutions. Our assessment and management of material risks from cybersecurity threats are integrated into our overall risk management processes. We implement and maintain various technical, physical, and organizational measures, processes, standards and policies designed to manage and mitigate material risks from cybersecurity threats to our information systems and data depending on the environment.

We have an established policy on information security, as well as overall corporate information, workforce and workplace standards policies. These are collectively designed to establish auditable procedures for information security oversight by management, including: 1) identification of different types and forms of information, 2) guidelines for acceptable use and dissemination of information, 3) handling use and destruction of information, 4) personnel and physical site security, 5) incident reporting and response, 6) recovery plans, and 7) standards for web-based applications, communications and mobile devices. Three levels of security procedures have been identified as relating to the sensitivity of the information we manage in connection with different operations. Our policies call for the individuals assigned to these procedures to review and certify them annually and to recommend changes where appropriate. All breaches are required to be reported to senior management and the Board, together with a report on response and recovery, as well as recommendations to address further challenges.

Our information security procedures are overseen by our Chief Information Security Officer, supported by our Chief Technology Officer and our IT Manager, who are responsible to provide regular reports to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer as well as the technology and social responsibility committee and the governance committee of our Board. These procedures are responsible for identifying, assessing, and managing cybersecurity threats and risks and work to monitor and evaluate our threat environment and risk profile using various methods. These methods include evaluating our and our industry’s risk profile, coordinating with law enforcement concerning select threats, and engaging with third parties to conduct external audits and threat assessments for certain systems.

Our Information Security Policy and procedures are reviewed on an ongoing basis. These procedures are implemented by our Chief Information Security Officer, assisted by Managed Service Provider (“MSP”). Our MSP has over 15 years of experience and possesses various cybersecurity certifications. Third-party service providers can assist us from time to time in identifying, assessing, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, including for example cybersecurity consultants and software providers, managed cybersecurity service providers, threat intelligence service providers, forensic investigators, penetration testing firms, dark web monitoring services, and professional services firms, including legal counsel and auditors. By partnering with these specialized providers, we can leverage their insights and expertise to implement cybersecurity strategies and processes that are designed to align with industry best practices.

Our senior management evaluates material risks from cybersecurity threats against our overall business objectives and this evaluation and the  management of material risks from cybersecurity threats is integrated into our overall risk management processes. This integration is designed to ensure that cybersecurity considerations are part of our decision-making processes. In addition, the Board’s Technology and Social Responsibility Committee includes a member who has had extensive experience in cybersecurity, including in particular cybersecurity standards for smart city transportation systems. 

See Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the risks from cybersecurity threats that may materially affect us and how they may do so.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Our principal executive offices are located at 6721 Columbia Gateway Drive, Suite 400, Columbia, Maryland 21046 and 55a Yigal Alon Street, Tel-Aviv, Israel. We do not own any real property. We do not consider any of our leased properties to be materially important to us. While we believe it is necessary to maintain offices through which our services are coordinated, we feel there are sufficient available office rental properties to adequately serve our needs should we need to relocate or expand our operations.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, the Company may be named as a party to various other lawsuits, claims and other legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. These actions typically seek, among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, breach of contract, property damage, infringement of proprietary rights, punitive damages, civil penalties or other losses, or injunctive or declaratory relief. With respect to such lawsuits, claims and proceedings the Company accrues reserves when a loss is probable, and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. It is the Company’s opinion that the outcome of these proceedings, individually and collectively, will not be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements as a whole.

Firestorm Principals

On August 19, 2019, we filed suit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against three former executives of the Company who were founders of two related former subsidiaries (the “Firestorm Principals”)—Rekor Systems, Inc. v. Suzanne Loughlin, et al., Case no. 1:19-cv-07767-VEC. The Firestorm Principals answered together with counterclaims on February 28, 2020. In 2020, the Firestorm Principals filed various suits in New York, Delaware and Virginia against directors and officers of the Company, alleging breach of fiduciary duty and libel. 

On March 22, 2023, the Company entered into a settlement agreement with the Firestorm Principals. Pursuant to the terms of the settlement agreement, the parties have mutually released and discharged all existing and potential actions, causes of action, suits, proceedings, debts, dues, contracts, damages or claims against each other, including certain claims for officer indemnification of the Firestorm Principals. In exchange for the mutual releases, the Company transferred certain Firestorm assets to CrisisRisk Strategies, LLC, made a payment of $175,000, and the Firestorm Principals extinguished of all rights to enforce their claims for payment with respect to principal and interest on the promissory notes issued in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Firestorm, and are giving up their rights to exercise the warrants issued in connection with the same.

As a result of the settlement agreement, the Company recorded a reduction to notes payable, the related accrued interest and other assets and liabilities already presented as discontinued operations. The Company also cancelled warrants to purchase 631,254 shares of common stock, which were issued in connection with the acquisition of Firestorm. 

H.C Wainwright & Co., LLC

In March 2023, the Company entered into an engagement letter with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, ("HCW"), related to a previous capital raise the Company completed in March 2023. That letter agreement contained provisions for both a “tail” fee due to HCW for any subsequent transactions the Company may enter into during the specified tail period with investors introduced to the Company by HCW during the term of the letter, as well as a right of first refusal ("ROFR"), to act as the Company's exclusive underwriter or placement agent on any subsequent financing transactions utilizing an underwriter or placement agent occurring within twelve months from the consummation of a transaction pursuant to the engagement letter.

In July 2023, subsequent to the announcement of an agreement the Company entered into with one of its stockholders in connection with the exercise of warrants held by the stockholder, which the Company refers to as the July Warrant Exercise Transaction, the Company received a letter from HCW claiming entitlement to certain “tail” fees and warrant consideration stemming from the agreement with the Company's stockholder. The Company believed then, and believes now, that this claim is without merit. As a result of this claim and for other reasons articulated to HCW, the Company terminated its engagement letter with HCW, including for cause, which, the Company believes, eliminated both the “tail” provision and the ROFR provision with respect to this transaction.

On or about October 23, 2023, HCW filed a complaint in New York State Supreme Court asserting a claim for breach of contract against the Company relating to the July Warrant Exercise Transaction. HCW sought to recover compensatory and consequential damages and certain warrants under its letter agreement with Rekor and other fees, not less than a cash fee of $825,000 and the value of warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 481,100 shares of common stock of the company at an exercise price of $2.00 per share as well as attorneys’ fees. On February 29, 2024, HCW filed a notice of discontinuance without prejudice and advised the court that it intends to commence a new proceeding by filing a new complaint that would address the claim in this lawsuit and subsequent events.  On March 4, 2024, the court discontinued this lawsuit without prejudice.

On February 29, 2024, HCW initiated a new action with the filing of complaint in New York State Supreme Court.  In this lawsuit, HCW advances the same breach of contract theory and seeks to recover the same damages as sought in the prior now-dismissed lawsuit.  In addition, HCW seeks to recover an additional $2,156,000 in damages plus the value of warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 805,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $3.125 per share in connection with Rekor’s February 2024 offering.  HCW alleges that Rekor breached its engagement letter with HCW by failing to give Rekor notice of this offering and failing to provide HCW with the opportunity to exercise the ROFR with respect to this transaction.

The Company believes these claims are without merit.  The Company intends to vigorously defend itself in this lawsuit.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) Claim

In 2023 two previous employees of the Company (the “Claimants”) filed a complaint with OSHA (the “OSHA Complaints”) against the Company. Shortly after the OSHA Complaints were filed against the Company, the Company filed a position statement to address the OSHA Complaints. On November 30, 2023, OSHA issued its determination that, based on the information gathered thus far in its investigation, OSHA was unable to conclude that there was reasonable cause to believe that a violation of the statute occurred. OSHA thereby dismissed the complaint.

Thereafter, Claimants appealed the determination by filing objections and requesting a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge.  The Company likewise filed a request for an award of attorneys’ fees. On January 4, 2024, the Office of Administrative Law Judges (“OALJ”) processed the appeals and issued its Notice of Docketing and Order of Consolidation.  On February 28, 2024, the OALJ issued an Order setting forth a revised schedule governing the case with the start of the hearing schedule for December 2, 2024.

The Company believes these claims are without merit.  The Company intends to vigorously defend itself in this lawsuit.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “REKR”.

Holders

As of March 25, 2024, there were 58 registered holders of record of our common stock, excluding stockholders for whom shares are held in “nominee” or “street name.” The actual number of common stockholders is greater than the number of record holders and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners, but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

Dividend Policy

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently do not anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Instead, we anticipate that all of our earnings will be used to provide working capital, to support our operations, and to finance the growth and development of our business, including potentially the acquisition of, or investment in, businesses, technologies or products that complement our existing business. Any future determination relating to dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, our future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, future prospects, applicable Delaware law, which provides that dividends are only payable out of surplus or current net profits and other factors our Board of Directors might deem relevant.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

STS Acquisition

As previously disclosed under Item 3.02 in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 17, 2022, as part of the purchase price the Company issued to the sellers of STS 798,666 unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $2,000,000. The stock consideration paid to the sellers was issued pursuant to an exemption under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and/or Regulation D, as promulgated thereunder.

Senior Notes with Warrants

As previously disclosed under Item 3.02 in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 18, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain accredited investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the investors in a private placement transaction (i) up to $15,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of senior secured promissory notes, and (ii) warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 7,500,000 shares of common stock of the Company.  In connection with the initial closing on January 18, 2023, the Company issued $12,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of notes and warrants to purchase 6,250,000 shares of Common Stock, resulting in proceeds to the Company of $12,500,000 before reimbursement of expenses.

ATD Acquisition

As previously disclosed under Item 3.02 in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 3, 2024, as part of the purchase price the Company issued to the sellers of ATD 3,496,464 unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $10,000,000. The stock consideration paid to the sellers was issued pursuant to an exemption under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and/or Regulation D, as promulgated thereunder. On February 27, 2024, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 to register these shares.

2023 Promissory Notes Redemption

On March 4, 2024, the Company completed the redemption of all its outstanding senior secured notes (the “2023 Promissory Notes”). The 2023 Promissory Notes were redeemed at the redemption price of 115% of the $12,500,000 aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Promissory Notes, or approximately $14,375,000, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date of approximately $263,000 (the “Redemption Payment”). The noteholders elected to accept $1,875,000 of the Redemption Payment in the form of 750,000 unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, having a value of $2.50 per share, with the remainder of the Redemption Payment to be paid in cash.

Use of Proceeds

We have generated losses since our inception and have relied on cash on hand, external bank lines of credit, short-term borrowing arrangements, issuance of debt, the sale of a note, sale of our non-core subsidiaries, and the sale of common stock to provide cash for operations. We attribute losses to financing costs, public company corporate overhead, lower than expected revenue, and lower gross profit of some of our subsidiaries. Our cash proceeds have been primarily used for the acquisitions described above, research and development, legal, financing costs, acquisition costs and sales and marketing expenses related to new product development and our strategic shift to develop and promote the capabilities of our technology offerings.

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report and the historical financial statements of Rekor Systems, Inc., and the related notes thereto.

Overview

Rekor is working to revolutionize public safety, urban mobility, and transportation management using AI-powered solutions designed to meet the distinct demands of each market we serve. We work hand-in-hand with our customers to deliver mission-critical traffic and engineering services that assist them in achieving their goals. Our vision is to improve the lives of citizens and the world around them by enabling safer, smarter, and greener roadways and communities. We work towards this by collecting, connecting, and organizing the world’s mobility data, and making it accessible and useful to our customers for real-time insights and decisioning for situational awareness, rapid response, risk mitigation, and predictive analytics for resource and infrastructure planning and reporting.

General

The information provided in this discussion and analysis of Rekor’s financial condition, and results of operations covers the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. In 2022, we divested our Automated Traffic Safety Enforcement ("ATSE") business, a non-core business unit. As a result of the divestiture, we determined that ATSE met the criteria to be considered discontinued and it was no longer presented with continuing operations. Additionally, in 2022, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Southern Traffic Services, Inc. ("STS"). This acquisition is included in the presentation of our continuing operations.

Acquisitions and Dispositions

On June 17, 2022, we completed the acquisition of STS by acquiring 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of STS. The acquisition included total consideration of $12,799,000 including: cash consideration of $6,500,000, $1,001,000 related to an earnout based on the achievement of certain performance metrics ("STS Earnout") and $1,298,000 contingent on the closing of a future contract ("STS Contingent Consideration"), 798,666 shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $2,000,000, and a $2,000,000 note. 

On December 6, 2022, we divested our ATSE business, a non-core business unit, for approximately $3,390,000.

On January 2, 2024, we completed the acquisition of All Traffic Data Services, LLC (“ATD”) for an aggregate purchase price of $19,795,000, consisting of $9,795,000 in cash which included closing adjustments and $10,000,000 of stock consideration.

Opportunities, Trends and Uncertainties

We look to identify the various trends, market cycles, uncertainties and other factors that may provide us with opportunities and present challenges that impact our operations and financial condition from time to time. Although there are many that we may not or cannot foresee, we believe that our results of operations and financial condition for the foreseeable future will be primarily affected by the following:

Other than as discussed above and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we are not aware of any trends, events or uncertainties that are likely to have a material effect on our financial condition.

Components of Operating Results

Revenues

The Company derives its revenues primarily from the sale of its roadway data aggregation, traffic management and licensing offerings. These offerings include a mixture of data collection, implementation, engineering, customer support and maintenance services as well as software and hardware. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products and services to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products and services.

Costs of revenues, excluding depreciation and amortization

Direct costs of revenues consist primarily of the portion of technical and non-technical salaries and wages and payroll-related costs incurred in connection with revenue-generating activities. Direct costs of revenues also include production expenses, data subscriptions, sub-consultant services and other expenses that are incurred in connection with our revenue-generating activities. Direct costs of revenues exclude the portion of technical and non-technical salaries and wages related to marketing efforts, vacations, holidays, and other time not spent directly generating fees under existing contracts. Such costs are included in operating expenses. We expense direct costs of revenues when they incur.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of general and administrative expenses, sales and marketing, research and development and depreciation and amortization. Personnel costs are the most significant component of operating expenses and consist of salaries, benefits, bonuses, payroll taxes and stock-based compensation expenses. Operating expenses also include impairment of assets.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist of personnel costs for our executive, finance, legal, human resources, and administrative departments. Additional expenses include office leases, professional fees, and insurance.

We expect our general and administrative expenses to continue to remain high for the foreseeable future due to the costs associated with our growth and the costs of accounting, compliance, legal, insurance, and investor relations as a public company. Our general and administrative expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of our revenue from period to period due to the timing and extent of these expenses. However, our general and administrative expenses have decreased as a percentage of our revenue and, to the extent we continue to be successful in generating increased revenue, we expect our general and administrative expenses to decrease as a percentage of our revenue over the long term.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses consist of personnel costs, marketing programs, travel and entertainment associated with sales and marketing personnel, expenses for conferences and trade shows. We will require significant investments in our sales and marketing expenses to continue the rate of growth in our revenues, further penetrate existing markets and expand our customer base into new markets.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses consist of personnel costs, software used to develop our products and consulting and professional fees for third-party development resources. Our research and development expenses support our efforts to continue to add capabilities to and improve the value of our existing products and services, as well as develop new products and services.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expenses are primarily attributable to our capital investments and consist of fixed asset depreciation, amortization of intangibles considered to have definite lives, and amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs.

Other Income (Expense)

Other income (expense) consists primarily of legal settlements, legal judgements, interest income and expense in connection with our debt arrangements, costs associated with the extinguishment of our debt arrangements, gains on the sale of subsidiaries, gains or losses on the sale of fixed assets, interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and note receivables.

Income Tax Provision

Income tax provision consists primarily of income taxes in certain domestic jurisdictions in which we conduct business. We have recorded deferred tax assets for which a full valuation allowance has been provided, including net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits. We expect to maintain this full valuation allowance for the foreseeable future as it is more likely than not that some or all of those deferred tax assets may not be realized based on our history of losses.

Results of Operations

Our historical operating results in dollars are presented below. The analysis of operations is solely related to continuing operations and does not consider the results of discontinued operations. The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the foregoing information contained in this Item 7 and with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto in Item 8 of Part II, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Only historical operating results are presented below. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

Revenue

The increase in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, was primarily attributable to our Urban Mobility product line. During the year ended December 31, 2023, revenue attributable to our Urban Mobility product line was $16,773,000, compared to $7,692,000 compared for the year ended December 31, 2022. Additionally, our contactless compliance revenue increased $1,110,000 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. The remaining increase in revenue growth during the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily attributable to increased sales in sales of the Company's software and hardware products. 

Cost of Revenue, Excluding Depreciation and Amortization

For the year ended December 31, 2023, cost of revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization increased compared to the corresponding prior periods primarily due to an increase in personnel and other direct costs such as hardware that were incurred to support our increase in revenue. The costs of revenue increased at a lower rate than our revenue increased as the Company was able to realize efficiencies in its operations and better manage its software costs. 

Operating Expenses 

General and Administrative Expenses

The increase in general and administrative expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, were primarily due to increases related to our automobile fleet and insurance. These costs were partially offset due to a decrease in our personnel costs related to a reduction of salaries and overall payroll during the year. Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized a $1,001,000 gain related to the remeasurement of the STS Earnout which decreased the Company's general and administrative expenses during the period. 

Selling and Marketing Expenses

The decrease in selling and marketing expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, was primarily due to a $965,000 decrease in stock-based compensation expenses.  

Research and Development Expense

The decrease in research and development expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, was primarily attributable to a decrease in subcontractor labor expenses as the Company utilized its current workforce to focus on the development of new products and software. 

Depreciation and Amortization

The increase in depreciation and amortization during the period is attributable primarily to the increased technology-based intangible assets that were acquired as part of our acquisition of STS.

Goodwill Impairment

During the third quarter of 2022, we experienced a significant decline in our market capitalization, which management deemed a triggering event related to goodwill. As a result, we performed an interim impairment assessment as of September 30, 2022 and determined that as of the reporting date we had an impairment related to goodwill in the amount of $34,835,000.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest expense increased period over period due to the issuance of the 2023 Promissory Notes. 

Other expense, net increased in the current period compared to the prior period as a result of legal judgements and settlements that happened during the year ended December 31, 2022. For additional details regarding our legal settlements please see Item 3 of Part I, “Legal Proceedings”. 

In connection with the sale of ATSE, we recognized a gain on the sale of the business of $2,643,000 during the year ended December 31, 2022. 

Gain on extinguishment of debt is a result of the settlement agreement in the Firestorm litigation. As part of the settlement, we recorded a reduction to notes payable, the related accrued interest and other assets and liabilities which were part of the Firestorm entities. 

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)

The provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2023, was $32,000, as compared to tax benefit of $987,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, which is due primarily to the step-up in the basis of intangible assets related to the STS acquisition. We established a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets in the fourth quarter of 2017 and have continued to maintain a full valuation allowance through the year ended December 31, 2023.

Non-GAAP Measures

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

We calculate EBITDA as net loss before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as net loss before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted for (i) impairment of intangible assets, (ii) loss on extinguishment of debt, (iii) stock-based compensation, (iv) losses or gains on sales of subsidiaries, (v) losses associated with equity method investments, (vi) merger and acquisition transaction costs and (vii) other unusual or non-recurring items. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of financial performance or liquidity under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”) and should not be considered as an alternative to net earnings or cash flow from operating activities as indicators of our operating performance or as a measure of liquidity or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are presented because we believe they are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of a company’s ability to service and/or incur debt. However, other companies in our industry may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do.

The following table sets forth the components of the EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods included (dollars in thousands):

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin

Adjusted Gross Profit is a non-GAAP financial measure that we define as revenue less cost of revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization. We define Adjusted Gross Margin as our Adjusted Gross Profit divided by our revenue. We expect Adjusted Gross Margin to continue to improve over time to the extent that we can gain efficiencies through the adoption of our technology and successfully cross-sell and upsell our current and future offerings. However, our ability to improve Adjusted Gross Margin over time is not guaranteed and could be impacted by the factors affecting our performance. We believe Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin are useful to investors, as they eliminate the impact of certain non-cash expenses and allow a direct comparison of these measures between periods without the impact of non-cash expenses and certain other nonrecurring operating expenses.

The following table sets forth the components of the Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin for the periods included (dollars in thousands):

Adjusted Gross Margin, for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased to 52.8% from 45.3% for the year ended December 31, 2022. As the Company continues to scale and standardize its product offerings it has begun to realize operational efficiencies that have resulted in an improved Adjusted Gross Margin. Additionally, the Company has worked diligently to reduce its software and data costs.  

Key Performance Indicators

We regularly review several indicators, including the following key indicators, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions.

Recurring Revenue

As part of the ongoing development of our selling strategy, we have been focusing on sales that employ contracts with recurring revenue. We expect these contracts to provide a more predictable stream of revenues, compared to one-time sales of hardware and software licenses which are generally more difficult to predict. Our recurring revenue model and revenue retention rates provide significant visibility into our future operating results and cash flow from operations. This visibility enables us to better manage and invest in our business. The following table sets forth our recurring revenue for the periods included (dollars in thousands):

As we continue to focus on long-term contracts with recurring revenue as part of our business model, we expect recurring revenue growth in future periods to continue to increase as we move to market our suite of products through our Rekor One™ platform. However, procurement requirements for some of our largest customers may result in periods when there is an increase one-time sales as compared to recurring revenues, which may cause the proportion of recurring revenues generated in those periods to fluctuate.

Total Contract Value

The total contract value of contracts won in the current period also provides us with visibility into our future operating results and cash flows from operations. Total contract value is a non-GAAP measure in which there are certain assumptions that we make when determining the total contract value of an agreement, such as the success rate of renewal periods, cancellations and usage estimates. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we won contracts valued at $49,087,000, compared to $21,962,000 of contracts won for the year ended December 31, 2022. This represents growth of $27,125,000 or 124%, period over period.

Performance Obligations

While a portion of the total contract value won in a particular period represents revenue earned during the period, the remainder represents future performance obligations that can provide an indication of our future revenues. As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $26,390,000 of performance obligations with respect to contracts that were closed prior to December 31, 2023 but have a contractual period beyond December 31, 2023. This represents growth of $4,978,000 or 23% compared to $21,412,000 of performance obligations as of December 31, 2022. These contracts generally cover a term of one to five years, during which the Company will recognize revenue ratably over the contract term. We currently expect to recognize approximately $18,624,000 of this amount over the succeeding twelve months, and the remainder is expected to be recognized over the following four years. On occasion, our customers will prepay the full contract or a substantial portion of the contract. Amounts related to the prepayment of the contract related to the performance obligation for a service period that is not yet met are recorded as part of our contract liabilities balance.

Lease Obligations

As of December 31, 2023, we had significant leased building space at the following locations:

We believe our facilities are in good condition and adequate for their current use. We expect to improve, replace and increase facilities as considered appropriate to meet the needs of our planned operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the periods below were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2023, had a net decrease of $7,892,000, which was attributable to the improvement of our Adjusted EBITDA of $8,754,000 which saw a 23% improvement period over period. 

The net increase in net cash used in investing activities of $8,534,000 was primarily due to a decrease in the outflow of funds related to merger and acquisition activities and capital expenditures. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company had net cash outflows of $1,388,000 related to capital expenditures compared to $4,171,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company had net cash outflows of $6,389,000 related to the acquisition of STS. This outflow was partially offset by $3,051,000 in cash proceeds from the sale of the Company's ATSE business unit. 

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 increased by $21,734,000 from the prior year ended December 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2023, as part of our 2023 Promissory Notes and the 2023 Registered Direct Offering, we received net proceeds of $11,100,000 and $9,159,000, respectively. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2023, we received gross proceeds of $10,996,000 related to the exercise of warrants associated to the 2023 Registered Direct Offering. Lastly, in the fourth quarter of 2023, we raised $14,330,000 related to our Series A Prime Revenue Sharing Notes. In the prior comparable period, through our 2022 Sales Agreement, we received net proceeds, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us, of $22,754,000.

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we funded our operations primarily through cash from the sale of equity, operating activities from our subsidiaries and the issuance of debt. As of December 31, 2023, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents from continuing operations of $15,385,000 and working capital of $8,100,000, as compared to unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $1,924,000 and a working capital deficit of $6,010,000 as of December 31, 2022. 

Balance Sheet Arrangements, Contractual Obligations and Commitments

As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have had or are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital resources or capital expenditures.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations is based upon our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. 

We believe the application of the estimates inherently required therein, are reasonable. These estimates are periodically reevaluated, and adjustments are made when facts and circumstances dictate a change. Rekor bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that the management of Rekor believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form management’s basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that may not be readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, or if management made different judgments or utilized different estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Judgment is required for the estimation of the standalone selling price (“SSP”) and the allocation of the transaction price by relative SSPs. We have arrangements that include multiple performance obligations in which we need to allocate the transaction price using the SSP. Our customer arrangements containing multiple performance obligations typically include the sale and installation of cameras systems, licensing of our software and the performance of maintenance services over a contractual term. In most instances, we have determined these performance obligations qualify as distinct performance obligations, as the customer can benefit from the service on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and our promise to transfer the service is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. For arrangements that contain multiple performance obligations, we exercise judgment in allocating the transaction price based on the relative SSP method by comparing the SSP of each distinct performance obligation to the total value of the contract. We apply judgment in determining the SSP for each distinct performance obligation.

Liquidity Analysis 

Our liquidity analysis requires a blend of judgment and estimation, relying on both quantitative data and qualitative insights to assess our ability to sustain our operations over the forward-looking period. Management’s analysis involves a comprehensive evaluation of numerous factors to determine whether we can continue our operations during the look-forward period.

We evaluate our recent financial performance, liquidity position, and our ability to meet our financial obligations as they become due. Factors such as financial projections, profitability, cash flow, and debt commitments require estimation and are examined to gauge our financial health.

Our ability to manage our cash flow is another critical aspect of the analysis. Effective cash flow management ensures that we have sufficient liquidity to cover our operating expenses, debt repayments, and other financial obligations. Our cash flow projections are reviewed to determine whether we can generate enough cash to sustain our operations during the look-forward period. Our estimates over our financial projections play a vital role in our analysis. We utilize various assumptions and factors such as market conditions, customer relationships, our sales pipeline, industry trends, and our strategic initiatives to develop and validate our financial projections.

Conducting a liquidity analysis is an exercise in judgment, requiring us to evaluate data points, forecasts, and qualitative insights to arrive at a comprehensive assessment of our ability to remain cash flow positive during the look-forward period. In this process, we must exercise caution, recognizing the inherent uncertainties and limitations of our estimations and financial analysis while striving to provide feasible plan that can successfully mitigate conditions and events that may raise doubt of our ability to continue as a going concern.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item.

REKOR SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

REKOR SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

REKOR SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

REKOR SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

REKOR SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 – BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Rekor Systems, Inc. (“Rekor”) was formed in February 2017. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rekor, the parent company, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Rekor Recognition Systems, Inc., Waycare Technologies Inc. and Waycare Technologies Ltd. (collectively, "Waycare") and Southern Traffic Services, Inc. ("STS") (collectively, the “Company”). The Company stands at the forefront of the roadway intelligence sector, revolutionizing public safety, urban mobility, and transportation management on a global scale. The Company's vision is to improve the lives of citizens and the world around them by enabling safer, smarter, and greener roadways and communities. The Company works towards this vision by collecting, connecting, and organizing the world’s mobility data, and making it accessible and useful to its customers for real-time insights and decisioning for situational awareness, rapid response, risk mitigation, and predictive analytics for resource and infrastructure planning and reporting.

On December 6, 2022, the Company divested its Automated Traffic Safety and Enforcement ("ATSE") business, a non-core business unit. As of December 31, 2022, the Company determined that the ATSE business unit met the criteria to be presented as discontinued operations.

On June 17, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of STS by acquiring 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of STS, which is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. 

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and in accordance with the accounting rules under Regulation S-X, as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the extensive use of management’s estimates. Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing consolidated financial statements. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to the collectability of accounts receivable, the fair value of intangible assets, the fair value of debt and equity instruments, income taxes and determination of standalone selling prices in contracts with customers that contain multiple performance obligations. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Liquidity and Going Concern

Dollar amounts, except per share data, in the notes to these consolidated financial statements are rounded to the closest $1,000.

Functional Currency

The U.S. dollar (“U.S. dollar” or “$“) is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the operations of the Company is conducted. Substantial revenues and a substantial portion of the operational costs are denominated in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, the functional currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar.

Transactions and balances originally denominated in U.S. dollars are presented at their original amounts. For non-U.S. dollar transactions and other items in the financial statements, the following exchange rates are used: (i) for transactions – exchange rates at transaction dates or average exchange rates; and (ii) for other items (derived from non-monetary balance sheet items such as depreciation and amortization) – historical exchange rates. Currency transaction gains and losses are presented in other expense, net on the consolidated statement of operations. The currency transaction gain for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $55,000 and $306,000, respectively. 

Concentration of Risk

The Company deposits its temporary cash investments with highly rated quality financial institutions that are located in the United States and Israel. The United States deposits are federally insured up to $250,000 per account. As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Company had deposits, including restricted cash, totaling $15,713,000 and $2,468,000, respectively, in multiple U.S. financial institutions and one Israeli financial institution.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, Customer A accounted for 18% of the Company's total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2022 no customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total revenue. 

As of December 31, 2023 Customer A and Customer B accounted for 22% and 13%, respectively, of the Company's consolidated accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2022, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's consolidated accounts receivable balance.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments to be cash equivalents.

Cash subject to contractual restrictions and not readily available for use is classified as restricted cash and cash equivalents. The Company’s restricted cash balances are primarily made up of cash collected on behalf of certain client jurisdictions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents for these client jurisdictions as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $328,000 and $254,000, respectively, and correspond to equal amounts of related liabilities.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of its clients’ financial condition, and the Company generally does not require collateral.

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivables, and contract liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Billed and unbilled accounts receivable are presented as part of accounts receivable, net, on the consolidated balance sheets. When billing occurs after services have been provided, such unbilled amounts will generally be billed and collected within 60 to 120 days but typically no longer than over the next twelve months. Unbilled accounts receivables of $946,000 and $935,000 were included in accounts receivable, net, in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses at an amount estimated to be sufficient to cover the risk of collecting less than full payment of the receivables. The Company estimates losses on receivables based on expected losses, including our historical experience of actual losses. Receivables are considered impaired and written-off when it is probable that all contractual payments due will not be collected in accordance with the terms of the agreement.  At each balance sheet date, the Company evaluates its receivables and will assess the allowance for credit losses based on specific customer collection issues and historical write-off trends. After all reasonable attempts to collect an account receivable have failed, the amount of the receivable is written off against the allowance. 

Note Receivables

In connection with the sale of its former TeamGlobal subsidiaries in June 2020, the Company received a $1,700,000, five and a half year promissory note due December 2025, that carries an interest rate of 4% and is secured by a first priority security interest in the shares of TeamGlobal. Monthly principal payments on the promissory note began in 2021. Based on the general market conditions, the security interest held by the Company and the credit quality of the buyer at the time of the sale, the Company determined that the fixed interest rate approximated the current market rate. The remaining balance due from TeamGlobal as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, was $822,000 and $1,162,000, respectively and is presented as part of notes receivable, current portion and note receivable, long-term on the consolidated balance sheets.

Inventory

Inventory principally consists of parts and finished goods held temporarily until installed for service. The Company regularly evaluates its ability to realize the value of inventory based on a combination of factors including the following: historical usage rates, forecasted sales or usage, estimated current and future market values and new product introductions. Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost is determined by the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method.

Accounts Payable, Accrued and Other Current Liabilities

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, amounts owed to related parties of $105,000 and $253,000 were presented as part of accounts payable and accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

A summary of other current liabilities is as follows (in thousands):

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost or fair value at acquisition date for assets obtained through business combinations, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation expense is presented as part of depreciation and amortization on the consolidated statements of operations.

Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over the following estimated lives:

Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures for additions, improvements and replacements are capitalized.

The Company tests its property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable. Recoverability of property and equipment is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Company recognizes an impairment loss, which is the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset, using the expected future discounted cash flows.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not recognize an impairment loss on its property and equipment.

Deposits

Deposits consist of cash payments made by the Company related to security deposits for leased assets and deposits on property and equipment which the Company has not yet received.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs to develop software to be sold, leased or marketed are expensed as incurred up to the point of technological feasibility for the related software product. There were no capitalized internally developed software costs not yet placed in service as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets include capitalized internally developed software and amounts recognized in connection with acquisitions, including customer relationships, technology and marketing related assets. Intangible assets, other than software development costs, are initially valued at fair market value using generally accepted valuation methods appropriate for the type of intangible asset. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the intangible assets. Intangible assets with definite lives are reviewed for impairment if indicators of impairment arise. Amortization expense related to intangible assets is presented as part of depreciation and amortization on the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not recognize an impairment loss on its intangible assets.

Leases

The Company accounts for its leases in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases ("ASC 842"). The standard provides several optional practical expedients for use in transition. The Company elected to use what the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) has deemed the “package of practical expedients,” which allows the Company not to reassess the Company’s previous conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and the accounting treatment for initial direct costs. ASU 2016-02 also provided several optional practical expedients for the ongoing accounting for leases. The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify, meaning that for leases with terms of twelve months or less, the Company will not recognize right-of-use ("ROU") assets or lease liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the Company has elected to use the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for leases of real estate, meaning that for these leases, the non-lease components are included in the associated ROU asset and lease liability balances on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease and the classification of that lease, if applicable, at inception. Operating leases are included in right-of-use operating lease assets, net, lease liabilities operating, short-term and lease liabilities operating, long-term, in the consolidated balance sheets. Financing leases are included in right-of-use financing lease assets, net, lease liabilities financing, short-term and lease liabilities financing, long-term, in the consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments under the lease. Lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The implicit rate within the Company’s operating leases are generally not determinable and the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. The determination of the Company’s incremental borrowing rate requires judgment. The Company determined the incremental borrowing rate for each lease using the Company’s current borrowing rate, adjusted for various factors including level of collateralization and term to align with the terms of the lease. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease prepayments, offset by lease incentives. Certain of the Company’s leases include options to extend or terminate the lease. An option to extend the lease is considered in connection with determining the ROU asset and lease liability when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise that option. An option to terminate is considered unless it is reasonably certain the Company will not exercise the option.

Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Business Combination

Management conducts a valuation analysis on the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date thereof. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances are initially established in connection with a business combination as of the acquisition date. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Amounts paid for acquisitions are allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The Company allocates a portion of the purchase price to the fair value of identifiable intangible assets. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based on a detailed valuation that uses information and assumptions provided by management. The Company allocates any excess purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired to goodwill.

Goodwill

The excess purchase consideration over the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized but rather subject to a periodic impairment testing on an annual basis. The Company will assess goodwill for impairment annually on October 1st of each year, or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it might be impaired, by comparing its carrying value to the reporting unit’s fair value. The Company will perform a qualitative assessment, to determine its fair value which includes an evaluation of relevant events and circumstances, including macroeconomic, industry and market conditions, the Company's overall financial performance, and trends in the value of the Company's common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company did not recognize any impairment to goodwill. 

During the third quarter of 2022, the Company experienced a significant decline in its market capitalization, which management deemed a triggering event related to goodwill. As a result, the Company performed an interim impairment assessment as of September 30, 2022, and determined that as of the reporting date the Company had an impairment related to its goodwill in the amount of $34,835,000. As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not identify any events that would cause it to assess goodwill for further impairment. 

The Company utilized a weighted combination of the income-based approach and market-based approach to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. Key assumptions used in the income-based approach included forecasts of revenue, operating income, depreciation and amortization expense, capital expenditures and future working capital requirements, terminal growth rates, and discount rates based upon the reporting unit's weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the risk associated with the operations at the time of the assessment. The income-based approach largely relied on inputs that were not observable to active markets, which would be deemed “Level 3” fair value measurements, as defined in the Fair Value of Financial Instruments section below. Key assumptions used in the market-based approach included the selection of appropriate peer group companies and the associated valuation multiples. Changes in the estimates and assumptions used to estimate fair value could materially affect the determination of fair value and the impairment test result.

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives its revenues primarily from the licensing and sale of its roadway data and traffic management product and service offerings. These offerings include a mixture of data collection, implementation, engineering, customer support and maintenance services, as well as software and hardware. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products and services to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products and services.

To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps:

The following table presents a summary of revenue (dollars in thousands):

Information about the Company’s revenue in different geographic regions, which is attributable to the Company’s operations located primarily in the United States and other countries is as follows (dollars in thousands):

For the year ended December 31, 2023, except for the United States, total revenue in any single country was less than 10% of consolidated revenue.

Revenues

Recurring revenue

Recurring revenue includes the Company’s SaaS revenue, subscription revenue, eCommerce revenue and customer support revenue. The Company generates recurring revenue both from long-term contracts with customers that provide for periodic payments and from short-term contracts that are automatically invoiced on a monthly basis. The Company’s recurring revenue is generated by a combination of direct sales, partner-assisted sales, and eCommerce sales.

Recurring revenues are generated through the Company’s Software-as-a-Service ("SaaS") model, where the Company provides customers with the right to access the Company’s software solutions for a fee. These services are made available to the customer continuously throughout the contractual period. However, the extent to which the customer uses the services may vary at the customer’s discretion. The contracts with customers are generally for a term of one to five years. The payments for SaaS solutions may be received either at the inception of the arrangement or over the term of the arrangement. These SaaS solutions are considered to have a single performance obligation where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit, and as such, we recognize revenue for these arrangements ratably over the term of the contractual agreement.

The Company also currently receives recurring revenues under contracts entered into using a subscription model for data collection services and bundled hardware and software over a period. Payments for these services and subscriptions are received periodically over the term of the agreement and revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement. In addition, some of our subscription revenue includes providing, through a web server, access to the Company’s software solutions, a self-managed database, and a cross-platform application programming interface. The subscription arrangements with these customers typically do not provide the customer with the right to take possession of the Company’s software at any time. Instead, customers are granted continuous access to the Company’s solutions over the contractual period. The Company’s subscription services arrangements are non-cancelable and do not contain refund-type provisions. Accordingly, any fixed consideration related to the arrangement is generally recognized as recurring revenue on a straight-line basis over the contract term beginning on the date access to the Company’s software is provided.

eCommerce revenue is defined by the Company as revenue obtained through direct sales on the Company’s eCommerce platform. The Company’s eCommerce revenue generally includes subscriptions to the Company’s vehicle recognition software which can be purchased online and activated through a digital key. The Company's contracts with customers are generally for a term of one month with automatic renewal each month. The Company invoices and receives fees from its customers monthly.

Customer support revenue is associated with perpetual licenses and long-term subscription arrangements and consists primarily of technical support and product updates. The Company’s customer support team is ready to provide these maintenance services, as needed, to the customer during the contract term. The customer benefits evenly throughout the contract period from the guarantee that the customer support resources and personnel will be available to them. As customer support is not critical to the customers' ability to derive benefit from their right to use the Company’s software, customer support is considered a distinct performance obligation when sold together with a long-term license for software. Customer support for perpetual and term licenses is renewable, generally on an annual basis, at the option of the customer. Customer support for subscription licenses is renewable concurrently with such licenses for the same duration of time. Revenue for customer support is recognized ratably over the contract period based on the start and end dates of the customer support obligation, in line with how the Company believes services are provided.

Product and service revenue

Product and service revenue is defined as the Company’s implementation revenue, perpetual license sales, hardware sales, engineering services and contactless compliance revenue.

Implementation revenue is recognized when the Company provides implementation or construction services to its customers. These services involve a fee for the implementation services and are typically associated with the sale of the Company’s data collection services, software and hardware. The Company’s implementation revenue is recognized over time as the implementation is completed.

In addition to recurring revenue from software sales, the Company recognizes point-in-time revenue related to the sale of perpetual software licenses. The Company sells perpetual licenses that provide customers the right to use software for an indefinite period in exchange for a one-time license fee, which is generally paid at contract inception. The Company’s perpetual licenses provide a right to use intellectual property (“IP”) that is functional in nature and has significant stand-alone functionality. Accordingly, for perpetual licenses of functional IP, revenue is recognized at the point-in-time when the customer has access to the software, which normally occurs once software activation keys have been made available to the customer.

The Company also generates revenue through the sale of hardware through its partner program and internal sales force distribution channels. The Company satisfies its performance obligation upon the transfer of control of hardware to its customers. The Company invoices end-user customers upon transfer of control of the hardware to its customers. The Company provides hardware installation services to customers which range from one to six months. The revenue related to the installation component is recognized over time as the implementation is completed.

Contactless compliance revenues reflect arrangements to provide hardware systems and services that identify uninsured motor vehicles, notify owners of non-compliance through a diversion citation, and assist them in obtaining the required insurance as an alternative to traditional enforcement methods. Revenue is recognized monthly based on the number of diversion citations collected by the relevant jurisdiction.

The Company also generates revenue through its engineering services. These services are provided at the request of its customers and the revenue related to these services is recognized over time as the service is completed.

Revenue by Customer Type

The following table presents a summary of revenue by revenue type (dollars in thousands):

Urban mobility