ADT (ADT) 10-K2023 FY Annual report

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) contains certain information and disclosures that are forward-looking and therefore subject to risks and uncertainties, including those described below. All statements other than statements of historical fact, included in this document are, or could be, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and are made in reliance on the safe harbor protections provided thereunder. These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things, the Company’s planned exit of the residential solar business (the “ADT Solar Exit”) and the expected costs and benefits of such exit; the repurchase of shares of the Company’s common stock under the authorized share repurchase program; the Company’s ability to reduce debt or improve leverage ratios, or to achieve or maintain its long‑term leverage goals; the integration of the December 2023 strategic bulk purchase of customer accounts; the commercial transaction between ADT and GTCR LLC (“GTCR”) (the “Commercial Divestiture”); the expected timetable for realizing expected benefits of the Commercial Divestiture; the strategic investment by and long term partnership with State Farm Fire & Casualty Company (“State Farm”); anticipated financial performance, management’s plans and objectives for future operations; the successful development, commercialization, and timing of new or joint products; the expected timing of product commercialization with State Farm or any changes thereto, including the ADT home security program for State Farm; business prospects; outcomes of regulatory proceedings; market conditions; our ability to deploy our business continuity and disaster plans and procedures to successfully respond to catastrophic events; our strategic partnership and ongoing relationship with Google LLC (“Google”); the expected timing of product commercialization with Google or any changes thereto; the successful internal development, commercialization, and timing of our next generation platform and innovative offerings; the successful conversion of customers who continue to utilize outdated technology; the current and future market size for existing, new, or joint products; any stated or implied outcomes with regards to the foregoing; and other matters. Forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections of this report entitled “Business,” “Risk Factors,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentences, any time we use the words “expects,” “intends,” “will,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “confident,” “continue,” “propose,” “seeks,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “might,” “goals,” “objectives,” “targets,” “planned,” “projects,” and, in each case, their negative or other various or comparable terminology, and similar expressions, we intend to clearly express that the information deals with possible future events and is forward-looking in nature. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to management. We caution that these statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control and could cause future events or results to be materially different from those stated or implied in this document, including, among others, factors relating to:

Forward-looking statements and information involve risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in, or reasonably inferred from, such statements, including without limitation, the risks and uncertainties disclosed or referenced in Part I Item 1A of this Annual Report under the heading “Risk Factors.” Therefore, caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Much of the information in this report that looks toward future performance is based on various factors and important assumptions about future events that may or may not actually occur. As a result, our operations and financial results in the future could differ materially and substantially from those we have discussed in the forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Any forward-looking statement made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise unless required by law.

ADT Inc., together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, “us”, and “ADT”), is a leading provider of security, interactive, and smart home solutions serving residential and small business customers in the United States (“U.S.”). As discussed below, on October 2, 2023, we completed the divestiture of our Commercial Business, which provided security and other solutions to commercial customers; and in January 2024, we announced our exit from the residential solar business, which provided residential solar and energy storage solutions since the acquisition of ADT Solar in 2021.

Our mission is to empower people to protect and connect what matters most with safe, smart, and sustainable solutions, delivered through innovative offerings, unrivaled safety, and a premium experience because we believe that everyone deserves to feel safe.

We primarily conduct business under the ADT brand, which we believe is a key competitive advantage for us and a contributor to our success due to the importance customers place on reputation and trust when purchasing our products and services. The strength of our brand is based upon a long-standing record of delivering high-quality, reliable products and services; expertise in system sales, installation, and monitoring; and superior customer care, all driven by our industry-leading experience and knowledge.

As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately 6.4 million security monitoring service subscribers. We serve our customers through our nationwide sales and service offices, monitoring and support centers, and large network of installation and service professionals.

ADT Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in May 2015 as a holding company with no assets or liabilities. In July 2015, we acquired Protection One, Inc. and ASG Intermediate Holding Corp. (collectively, the “Formation Transactions”), which were instrumental in the commencement of our operations. In May 2016, we acquired The ADT Security Corporation (formerly named The ADT Corporation) (“The ADT Corporation”) (the “ADT Acquisition”), which significantly increased our market share in the security systems industry, making us one of the largest monitored security companies in the U.S.

ADT Inc. is majority-owned by Prime Security Services TopCo (ML), L.P., which is majority-owned by Prime Security Services TopCo Parent, L.P. (“Ultimate Parent”). Ultimate Parent is ultimately majority-owned by Apollo Investment Fund VIII, L.P. and its related funds that are directly or indirectly managed by affiliates of Apollo.

In January 2018, we completed an initial public offering (“IPO”), and our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”), began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “ADT.”

As of December 31, 2023, Apollo owned approximately 54%, State Farm owned approximately 14%, and Google owned approximately 6% of our outstanding common stock, including shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Class B Common Stock”) (on an as-converted basis) and unvested shares of common stock.

On August 7, 2023, ADT, Iris Buyer LLC (“Iris Buyer”), a Delaware limited liability company and affiliate of GTCR, and, solely for certain purposes set forth in the Commercial Purchase Agreement (as defined below), Fire & Security Holdings, LLC (“F&S Holdings”), a Delaware limited liability company and an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of ADT, entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (the “Commercial Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which GTCR agreed to acquire all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of F&S Holdings, which directly or indirectly held all of the issued and outstanding equity interests in the subsidiaries of ADT that operated ADT’s commercial business (the “Commercial Business”) (previously defined as the “Commercial Divestiture”).

On October 2, 2023, we completed the Commercial Divestiture for a total purchase price of approximately $1,613 million in cash, subject to customary post-closing adjustments, and received net proceeds of approximately $1,585 million, excluding transaction costs.

The Commercial Divestiture supports our strategic vision and strengthens our financial profile, and we used net proceeds of approximately $1,518 million to reduce our debt. Refer to Note 8 “Debt” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 15 “Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules” for further information.

In December 2021, we entered the residential solar market with the ADT Solar acquisition, which allowed us to provide customers with solar and energy storage solutions, energy efficiency upgrades, and roofing services.

In September 2020, we issued and sold 54,744,525 shares of Class B Common Stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $450 million, to Google in a private placement pursuant to a securities purchase agreement dated July 31, 2020. In connection with the issuance of the Class B Common Stock, the Company and Google entered into an Investor Rights Agreement (the “Google Investor Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which Google agreed to be bound by customary transfer restrictions and drag-along rights, and be afforded customary registration rights with respect to shares of Class B Common Stock held directly by Google. Under the terms of the Google Investor Rights Agreement, Google was prohibited, subject to certain exceptions, from transferring any shares of Class B Common Stock or any shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Class B Common Stock beneficially owned by Google until September 2023, or earlier if certain conditions occurred (the “Google Lock-up Period”). In December 2023, the Company and Google amended the Google Investor Rights Agreement to extend the Google Lock-up Period through June 2025, or earlier if certain conditions occur (see Note 11 “Equity” to our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

Our partnership with Google represents the combination of the leading security and smart home brand and the leading technology brand joining forces to introduce the next-generation smart and helpful home. As part of this partnership, each company has agreed to contribute $150 million upon the achievement of certain milestones toward the joint marketing of devices and services; customer acquisition; training of our employees for the sales, installation, customer service, and maintenance of the product and service offerings; and technology updates for products included in such offerings. In addition, in August 2022, the Company and Google executed an amendment to the Google Commercial Agreement, pursuant to which Google has agreed to commit an additional $150 million (together with the initial amounts, the “Google Success Funds”) to fund growth, data and insights, product innovation and technology advancements, customer acquisition, and marketing, as mutually agreed by the Company and Google. Each of the $150 million segments of the Google Success Funds will be triggered in three equal tranches, respectively, subject to the attainment of certain milestones.

In September 2022, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 5, 2022, with State Farm (the “State Farm Securities Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell in a private placement to State Farm, 133,333,333 shares of our Common Stock (the “State Farm Shares”) at a per share price of $9.00 for an aggregate purchase price of $1.2 billion (the “State Farm Strategic Investment”). Also in September 2022, in connection with the State Farm Strategic Investment, we commenced a tender offer to purchase up to 133,333,333 shares of our Common Stock (including shares issued upon conversion of Class B Common Stock) (the “Tender Shares”) at a per share price of $9.00 (the “Tender Offer”).

In October 2022, the State Farm Strategic Investment closed, and we issued and sold the State Farm Shares to State Farm pursuant to the State Farm Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Closing”). Also in October 2022, the Tender Offer expired, and we used the proceeds from the State Farm Strategic Investment to repurchase the Tender Shares, subject to the terms and conditions described in the Offer to Purchase dated September 12, 2022 (as amended from time to time, the “Offer to Purchase”).

In addition, we entered into a development agreement with State Farm (the “State Farm Development Agreement”), pursuant to which State Farm committed up to $300 million to fund product and technology innovation, customer growth, and marketing initiatives. Upon the Closing, we received $100 million of such commitment from State Farm, which is restricted until we use the funds for investment, as agreed upon with State Farm, in accordance with the State Farm Development Agreement (the “Opportunity Fund”), of which we used approximately $11 million during 2023.

Beginning in 2023, certain State Farm customers were able to receive ADT home security products and professional monitoring at a reduced cost as part of the partnership between ADT and State Farm. In connection with this arrangement, the Company receives a subsidy from State Farm for each system. Amounts are paid through the Opportunity Fund and were not material during 2023.

We evaluate and report our segment information based on the manner in which our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), who is the chief operating decision maker, evaluates performance and allocates resources. As a result of the Commercial Divestiture, we report results in two operating and reportable segments, CSB and Solar. Prior to the third quarter of 2023, the Commercial Business was reflected in the Commercial reportable segment. Certain allocated shared costs that were previously included in the Commercial reportable segment that did not qualify to be presented within discontinued operations are now reflected in the CSB reportable segment consistent with other unallocated corporate and other costs as discussed below.

Where applicable, prior periods have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect our current operating and reportable segment structure.

We organize our segments based primarily on customer type as follows:

Our core security offerings include burglar and life safety alarms, smart security cameras, smart home automation systems, and video surveillance systems (referred to collectively as security systems, solutions, or offerings). Our security offerings are

designed to detect intrusion; control access; sense movement, smoke, fire, carbon monoxide, flooding, temperature, and other environmental conditions and hazards; and address personal medical emergencies such as injuries or unanticipated falls. We offer our customers routine maintenance and the installation of upgraded or additional equipment, which provide additional value to the customer and generate incremental recurring monthly revenue. Additionally, our personal emergency response system products and services utilize our security monitoring infrastructure to provide customers with solutions that help to sustain independent living, detect when a fall occurs, and provide protection while on the go with geolocation capability.

During 2022, as part of our partnership with Google, we launched the Google Nest doorbell, rolled out mesh Wi-Fi, and launched Google indoor and outdoor cameras as part of our product offerings. In the first quarter of 2023, we launched our proprietary ADT+ app for our self setup line of DIY smart home security products, including Google Nest offerings, which allows customers to easily access and control their ADT devices through an intuitive app experience. Our comprehensive interactive technology platform is intended to provide customers with a seamless experience through a common application across security, life safety, automation, and analytics, and integrate the user experience, customer service experience, and back-end support. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we began our phased rollout of our ADT+ app for professional installation along with a new interactive and hardware lineup.

The vast majority of new residential customers choose our automation and smart home solutions, which provide customers the ability to remotely monitor and manage their environments through our customized web portal via web-enabled devices (such as smart phones), smart phone applications, or through touchscreen panels in their homes.

Our automation and smart home solutions allow customers to:

At the time of initial equipment installation, our CSB customers typically contract for both monitoring and maintenance services, which are generally governed by multi-year contracts. If a customer cancels or is otherwise in default under a monitoring contract prior to the end of the initial contract term, we have the right under the contract to receive a termination payment from the customer in an amount equal to a designated percentage of all remaining monthly payments.

The standard contract terms for CSB customers are two, three, or five years, with automatic renewals for successive 30-day periods, unless canceled by either party.

Customers are typically charged an upfront fee, which qualifying customers can pay over the course of the contract. We may then use these retail installment contract receivables as collateral for borrowings under our uncommitted receivables securitization financing agreement (the “2020 Receivables Facility”). Customers are also generally obligated to make monthly payments for monitoring services for the remainder of the initial contract term. Monitoring services are typically billed monthly or quarterly in advance, and more than 80% of our residential customers pay us these fees through automated payment methods, with new residential customers generally opting for these payment methods.

We design, install, and sell custom residential solar systems and energy storage solutions, energy efficiency upgrades, and roofing services through dedicated and specialized in-house sales and marketing, design and engineering, and installation teams. The standard contract for solar customers varies based on specifics of the job and generally covers the time from signing of the agreement to completion of installation, with certain warranties and guarantees covering workmanship and system performance. Additionally, a substantial portion of sales are financed by third parties.

As previously disclosed, in January 2024, we announced that we are exiting the residential solar market.

As of December 31, 2023, we operated six monitoring centers located throughout the U.S. and listed by Underwriters Laboratories (“UL”) in order to provide 24/7 year-round professional monitoring services to our customers, including our monitoring centers that also provide outsourced monitoring services for other security companies. Our monitoring centers are fully redundant, which means all monitoring operations can be automatically transferred to another monitoring center in case of an emergency such as fire, tornado, major interruption in telephone or computer service, or any other event affecting the functionality of one of our centers. To obtain and maintain a UL listing, a security systems monitoring center must be located in a building meeting UL’s structural requirements, have back-up computer and power systems, and meet UL specifications for staffing and standard operating procedures. Many jurisdictions have laws requiring that security systems for certain buildings be monitored by UL-listed centers, and in some instances, a UL listing is required by insurers of certain customers as a condition of insurance coverage. In addition, we implemented certain work from home actions, including for a majority of our monitoring center professionals, in compliance with UL work-from-home standards.

Upon the occurrence of certain initiating events, our monitored security systems send event-specific signals to our monitoring personnel who then relay appropriate information, based on the customer’s contract and preferences, to first responders, such as local police, fire departments, or medical emergency response centers and the customer or others on the customer’s emergency contact list. We continue to focus on our alarm verification technologies and partner with industry associations and various first responder agencies to help prioritize response events, enhance response policies, and develop processes that allow us to send data to emergency response centers directly. Additionally, our System Monitoring and Response Technology (“SMART”) monitoring solution differentiates our offerings, aims to result in faster and higher-quality responses, and is expected to reduce annual false alarms and customer care calls. ADT SMART monitoring can deliver alarms to connected and participating 911 centers faster than traditional voice handling speeds. During 2023, we also launched an Alarm Scoring pilot, which offers a uniform and reliable approach for categorizing alarm severity levels, enhances the accuracy of assessing potential life or property threats, and gives first responders precise and crucial alarm data for improved emergency responses.

Our field and call center operations comprise a nationwide network of sales and service offices, call centers, and support facilities across the U.S. We provide ongoing training to our field and call center employees, as well as our authorized dealers, and we continually measure and monitor customer satisfaction-oriented metrics across each customer touch point.

We staff our sales and service offices with qualified field solution advisors and installation and service technicians, and we utilize third-party subcontract labor when appropriate to assist with these efforts. Our objective is to provide a differentiated service experience by resolving customer issues remotely whenever possible and scheduling installation and service visits at times convenient for the customer. Our innovative virtual support program (the “Virtual Assistance Program”), which delivers a scalable, cost-efficient means of servicing our CSB customers through live video streaming with our skilled technicians to troubleshoot and resolve service issues. In 2023, we introduced the ADT WiFi Fix app, which allows virtual customer service agents to diagnose and address any WiFi issues impacting customers’ ADT equipment or other devices. These offerings provide customers with more options for receiving certain services that best fit their lifestyles while reducing the cost for us to provide these services and lowering our carbon footprint by avoiding thousands of vehicle trips each day.

Our call center operations provide support 24 hours a day on a year-round basis, and all requests are routed through our customer care agents to ensure technical service requests are handled promptly and professionally. In many cases, customer care specialists can remotely resolve non-emergency inquiries regarding service, billing, and alarm testing and support. We continue to offer customers additional choices in managing their services through customer-facing self-service tools via interactive voice response systems and the Internet. In addition, we use a network of external vendors, both domestic and outside of the U.S., to supplement our internal call center resources as needed.

We utilize a complementary mix of direct and indirect sales and distribution channels:

We focus on driving revenue by increasing consumer awareness and preference, improving consumer purchasing flexibility, and optimizing our go-to-market approach. To support the growth of our customer base, improve brand awareness, and drive greater market penetration, we consider new customer channels and lead generation methods, explore opportunities to provide branded solutions, and form strategic partnerships and alliances with various third parties.

We strive to optimize our marketing spend through a lead modeling process, whereby we dynamically allocate spend based on lead flow and measured marketing channel effectiveness. We market our offerings through national television, radio, and direct mail advertisements, as well as through Internet advertising, which includes national search engine marketing, email, online video, local search, and social media. We also have several affinity partnerships with organizations that promote our services to their customer bases. In addition, we market through social media influencers and celebrity spokespersons representing the ADT brand. In addition to Google and State Farm, our strategic partnerships and alliances include home builders, property management firms, homeowners’ associations, financial institutions, retailers, public utilities, and software service providers.

The residential and small business security and automation market primarily consists of owners and renters of single-family homes or apartments and small businesses owners. The market is generally characterized by a large and homogeneous customer base with less complex system installations. Many of our residential and small business customers are driven to purchase monitored security and automation services as a result of moving to a new location; a perceived or actual increase in crime or life safety concerns in their neighborhood; significant events such as the birth of a child or the opening of a new business; or incentives provided by insurance carriers that may offer lower insurance premium rates if a security system is installed or may require that a system be installed as a condition of coverage.

We also seek opportunities to leverage our brand name, our experience in security and smart home solutions, and our high degree of trust among our customer base to pursue new customers in complementary markets such as personal on-the-go security and safety. We have seen an increase in interest in smart home offerings and other mobile technology applications, which we believe is attributable to a variety of factors, including advancements in technology, younger generations of consumers, and shifts to de-urbanization. We believe our strategic initiatives will help us satisfy consumer demands in light of these macro-level dynamics and position us for sustainable growth for years to come.

Our goal is to maximize customer lifetime value for both new and existing customers by (i) continuing to evaluate our pricing and product offerings; (ii) managing costs and service strategies to provide enhanced value; (iii) upgrading existing customers to our interactive services, internet protocol (“IP”) video solutions, or other upgraded solutions where desirable; (iv) offering various cross-selling and bundling initiatives; and (v) achieving long customer tenure.

As previously disclosed, in January 2024, we announced that we are exiting the residential solar market.

We believe our principal competitors are:

We also compete with point solutions (products with one intended application) and home automation-only systems. In some cases, customers believe that these offerings replace the need for full-scale security systems. While we continue to see a shift toward self-installation offerings, certain third-party professional installers also offer professional installation alternatives.

In addition, some self-monitored solutions do not require a monthly fee for home automation services, which allows for no-cost alternatives to the professionally monitored (monthly fee-based) solutions that we provide. Although self-monitored solutions do not replace the need for professionally monitored solutions, as more features and functionality are built into these self-monitored solutions, the demand for some customers to opt for more expensive, professionally monitored options could be reduced.

We believe we are well positioned to compete with traditional and new competitors due to our focus on safety, security, convenience, and pricing; our nationwide team of sales consultants; our solid reputation for and expertise in providing reliable

security and monitoring services through our in-house network of redundant monitoring centers; our reliable product solutions; our highly skilled installation and service organization; and our partnerships with companies such as Google and State Farm.

Patents, trademarks, copyrights, and other proprietary rights are important to our business, and we continuously refine our intellectual property strategy to maintain and improve our competitive position. Where possible and appropriate, we seek to register or patent new intellectual property to protect our ongoing technological innovations and strengthen our brand, and we take appropriate action against infringements or misappropriations of our intellectual property rights by others. We review third-party intellectual property rights to help avoid infringement and to identify strategic opportunities. We typically enter into confidentiality agreements to further protect our intellectual property. Patents extend for limited periods of time in the various countries where patent protection is obtained. Trademark rights may potentially extend for longer periods of time and are typically dependent upon the use of the trademarks.

We own a portfolio of patents that relate to a variety of monitored security and automation technologies utilized in our business, including security panels and sensors, video and information management solutions, and our SMART monitoring solution that aims to reduce false alarms and improve response effectiveness. We also own a portfolio of trademarks, including ADT, ADT Pulse, and ADT+. In addition, we are a licensee of intellectual property, including from our third-party suppliers and technology partners.

Certain trademarks associated with the ADT brand that we own within the U.S. and Canada are owned outside of the U.S. and Canada by Johnson Controls International PLC (as successor to Tyco International Ltd., “Tyco”). In certain instances, such trademarks are licensed in certain territories outside the U.S. and Canada by Johnson Controls to certain third parties. Pursuant to the Tyco Trademark Agreement entered into between The ADT Corporation and Tyco in connection with the separation of The ADT Corporation from Tyco in 2012, we are generally prohibited from registering, attempting to register, or using the ADT brand outside the U.S. and its territories and Canada. As a result, if we choose to sell products or services or otherwise do business outside the U.S. and Canada, we do not have the right to use the ADT brand to promote our products and services.

In connection with the sale of our Canadian operations in 2019, we entered into a non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with TELUS Corporation (“TELUS”) pursuant to which we will not have any operations in Canada, subject to limited exceptions, for a period of seven years from the date of sale. Additionally, we entered into a patent and trademark license agreement with TELUS granting (i) the use of our patents in Canada for a period of seven years, and (ii) exclusive use of our trademarks in Canada for a period of five years and non-exclusive use for an additional two years thereafter.

In addition, we granted the Commercial Business a license to continue to use the ADT brand and other Company trademarks for a period of twelve months to transition from Company branding (the “Brand License”). We have also agreed to a covenant not to assert a claim against the Commercial Business for infringement of the Company's patents as of the Commercial Divestiture for products and services that were used in the Commercial Business prior to the Commercial Divestiture, and has provided the Commercial Business with a paid-up, irrevocable, non-assignable (with limited exceptions) license to continue to use certain software and other Company intellectual property in the same manner.

Our residential security and home automation business has historically experienced a certain level of seasonality primarily as a result of fluctuations in the housing market. Since more household moves typically take place during the second and third calendar quarters of each year, our disconnect rate, new customer additions and installation volume, and related cash subscriber acquisition costs are historically higher in these quarters than in the first and fourth calendar quarters. However, other factors such as the level of marketing expense, relevant promotional offers, and timing of third-party account purchases can impact these trends. Further, we may see increased servicing costs related to more alarm signals and customer service requests as a result of inclement weather-related incidents.

We believe the COVID-19 Pandemic affected some of these seasonal trends beginning in 2020 as we experienced a lower volume of customer relocations, which was followed by a slight increase during 2021 as the number of household moves increased. Since 2022, we have seen fewer relocations related to housing market conditions and higher non-payment disconnects largely related to the weaker macroeconomic environment. We are currently unable to determine whether there will be any ongoing impact on our seasonality, and we may continue to experience fluctuations in certain trends, such as relocations, in the future.

Our operations are subject to numerous federal, state, and local laws and regulations related to occupational licensing, building codes, tax, and permitting, as well as consumer protection and privacy, labor and employment, and environmental protection. Changes in laws and regulations can positively and negatively affect our operations and impact the manner in which we conduct our business.

Most states in which we operate have employee and/or business licensing laws directed specifically toward professional installation and monitoring of security devices, as well as solar installations. Our business is also subject to requirements, codes, and standards imposed by local government jurisdictions, as well as various insurance, approval and listing, and standards organizations. We maintain the relevant and necessary licenses related to the provision of installation of security and solar systems and related services in the jurisdictions in which we operate.

Additionally, we rely extensively on telecommunications service providers, which are regulated in the U.S. by the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) and state public utilities commissions, to communicate signals as part of the functionality and monitoring of security and solar systems.

Our security business is subject to various state and local measures aimed at reducing false alarms. Such measures include requiring permits for individual alarm systems, revoking such permits following a specified number of false alarms, imposing fines on customers or alarm monitoring companies for false alarms, limiting the number of times police will respond to alarms at a particular location after a specified number of false alarms, requiring additional verification of an alarm signal before the police respond, or providing no response to residential system alarms.

Our solar business is exposed to federal, state, and local government regulations and policies concerning the electric utility industry, as well as internal policies of the electric utility companies, including with respect to electricity pricing, tax credits and other incentives, and the interconnection of customer-owned electricity generation.

Our advertising and sales practices are regulated by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and state and consumer protection laws, which may include restrictions on the manner in which we promote the sale of our products and services and require us to provide most consumers with three-day or longer rescission rights.

Our collection and use of personal information and communications with current and potential customers are regulated by federal and state laws, which include restrictions on the use of telemarketing, auto-dialing technology, email marketing, and text communications; restrictions on the sale, sharing, and use of personal information; as well as requirements for the protection of thereof and actions to be taken in the event of a loss with respect thereto.

We use credit scoring to qualify our residential customers for certain offers and financing options. The use of credit reporting and scoring and offering financing options to our residential customers is subject to federal and state laws, including the federal Fair Credit Reporting Act, which limit the use of consumer credit reports, prohibit discrimination against protected classes when offering or granting credit, and require certain disclosures to customers in the event that we take an adverse action based on a consumer credit report.

We provide some residential customers the option of paying us up-front charges in installments and certain other customers the option of using third-party financing arrangements, all of which are subject to federal and state laws regulating consumer finance. These laws require certain mandatory consumer disclosures and, in some cases, limit our ability to impose certain fees and charges. In addition, some jurisdictions require us to register or obtain licenses in order to make installment contract or third-party financing options available to our customers.

Our operations are subject to regulation under the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) and equivalent state laws. Failure to comply with applicable OSHA regulations or other federal, state, and local laws and regulations, even if no work-related serious injury or death occurs, may result in civil or criminal enforcement and substantial penalties, significant capital expenditures, or suspension or limitation of operations.

Additionally, in certain jurisdictions, we must obtain licenses or permits to comply with standards governing employee selection, training, and business conduct.

We continue to monitor emerging developments regarding environmental protection laws. At this time, we do not believe that federal, state, and local laws and regulations relating to the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, or any existing or pending climate change legislation, regulation, or international treaties or accords are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business.

As we seek to accomplish our corporate mission and execute on our strategic initiatives, our activities both directly and indirectly impact our customer base, our employees, and the communities we serve. We place a strong emphasis on environmental, social, and governance issues, and we believe such emphasis enhances our corporate performance, while enabling us to hire and retain top talent who share these values and passion about our organization.

The discussion below excludes individuals no longer employed by ADT as a result of the Commercial Divestiture.

As of December 31, 2023, we employed approximately 14,300 people, including approximately 2,400 direct field solution advisors; 3,300 installation and service technicians; 3,800 customer care professionals; and 900 phone sales representatives. During 2023, we made significant reductions to our workforce in our Solar segment as part of our overall branch rationalization and restructuring announced in November 2023.

Approximately 6% of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements; and we believe our relations with our employees and labor unions have generally been positive.

ADT defines a Performance Culture as our shared values, priorities, and principles that shape beliefs and drive behaviors and decision-making to achieve high levels of performance at individual, team, and organizational levels. We are committed to fostering a culture and environment where every team member feels valued and empowered to collaborate and contribute to the achievement of business results as well as their individual career goals. We placed additional focus on differentiating individual employee performance for the 2022 performance year, which was reinforced through performance-based pay differentiation in 2023 via the merit pay process, the annual incentive plan, and the long-term incentive plan, subject to team member eligibility. In addition, we recently enhanced our annual performance rating scale to improve differentiation.

Our success in attracting, retaining, and developing a strong, dedicated, and diverse workforce depends in large part on our hiring and retaining top talent across the entire organization, especially regarding our management team and employees who interface directly with our customers, who make up most of our organization. We offer our employees competitive compensation, benefits, and health and wellness programs, as well as training, networking, development resources, performance feedback, and coaching. In addition, our long-term equity compensation plans are intended to align management interests with those of our stockholders and to encourage the creation of long-term value. We continue to deploy talent using a mix of hybrid, remote, and in-person work arrangements (based on role) to support talent attraction and retention in alignment with business

needs. We made significant enhancements to our employee listening platform in 2023, designed to help ensure our environment promotes high levels of employee engagement and retention. Further, we expanded our talent management review practice in 2023 with leadership and advancement evaluations, as well as succession planning for our Executive Leadership Team (“ELT”) roles reporting to the CEO.

We are committed to building and sustaining a culture of inclusive diversity and deliberately advancing the maturity and effectiveness of our practices. Talent diversity starts with the recruitment and hiring process and continues through the learning, development, advancement, and retention of employees with wide-ranging backgrounds and experiences. We highly value our employees’ diversity; and we aim to promote diversity awareness in all our talent management processes. We also monitor our talent diversity to understand our position relative to external benchmarks and the labor market.

As of December 31, 2023, overall diversity representation improved versus the prior year, with about half of our workforce comprised of racially and ethnically diverse employees and over 35% comprised of female employees. Executive racial and ethnic diversity also improved from the prior year.

ADT’s Inclusive Diversity and Belonging Council (the “AIDBC”) and its ten Business Employee Resource Groups (“BERG”) are central to our ability to execute our IDB priorities. The AIDBC represents a broad cross section of our organization, including executive and senior management, that focuses on driving IDB commitments and priorities by identifying and prioritizing action, taking accountability for achieving results, and informing updates made to our CEO. Our IDB “North Star,” which states that everyone deserves to feel safe, is defined by four strategic pillars: Inclusion, Diversity, Growth, and Unity (Community). The AIDBC partners with human resources leaders and business executives to establish commitments and action plans focused on attracting, growing, and developing talent through participation in business-sponsored IDB initiatives and community work. ADT’s diversity-recruiting approach is built around four key strategies: diverse pipelines for critical talent, relationship building with diverse organizations, fostering an internal cultural of diversity champions, and ensuring recruiters and hiring managers are committed to diversity. IDB learning and education is supported by a comprehensive suite of on-demand resources; and IDB education and awareness continues to be a high-priority. We continue to encourage the sharing of diverse ideas; celebrate differences; value diversity; and provide the resources, space, and opportunity for employees to thrive and succeed.

BERGs offer our employees specific opportunities to partner and collaborate through learning and networking, volunteer projects, and mentoring. Our BERGs also participate in various business initiatives; and executives and officers from across the Company leverage their time, networks, and resources to support BERG initiatives and projects. To support BERG community advocacy and outreach, each BERG is granted a small budget to donate to nonprofit organizations that align with their missions. Deliberate growth and development of our BERGs is central to engaging and educating our employees about IDB.

We devote significant resources to team members’ wellness, health, and safety. We continue to provide an annual well-being program available to all team members, which includes a variety of education and coaching programs. Employees enrolled in our self-insured medical plan are eligible for cash incentives by completing certain well-being activities.

Our Environmental, Health, and Safety (“EHS”) vision is to build a culture that promotes safe behaviors on each task, every day, to achieve zero incidents and enhance employee wellness, and to minimize our environmental impact. In order to achieve our vision, we strive to incorporate our values of people, prevention, and accountability into our business. We focus on compliance with all applicable EHS requirements, and we believe that all occupational injuries and illnesses, as well as environmental incidents, are generally preventable. For example, we continue to institute fleet safety initiatives on our vehicles, including installing and maintaining collision warning and auto-braking technologies. Our EHS management system includes expectations for compliance, accountability, sustainability, and continuous improvement to foster a culture of safety that enables our employees to minimize risk and to understand and follow safety rules, as well as to identify, avoid, and correct unsafe actions, behaviors, or situations.

We are committed to reducing our environmental impact by promoting environmental stewardship throughout our organization, and we continuously strive to improve our carbon footprint. We are also assessing environmental risk on our operations as one aspect of our enterprise risk management review process and plan to continue to do so on an ongoing basis. We have implemented our ADT Environmental Absolutes framework, which represents our focus on complying with environmental requirements, addressing proper disposal of waste streams, and promoting recycling of materials. We employ waste recycling and diversion programs and continue to monitor waste levels and reduce unnecessary trash hauls. We also continually explore methods to reduce greenhouse gases from our motor vehicle fleet, including through the purchase of newer vehicle models having greater fuel efficiency, the use of hybrid vehicles, and virtual service and installation. Our Virtual Assistance Program aims to lower our carbon footprint by avoiding thousands of vehicle trips each day. In addition, we have focused on efficiency improvements in lighting, air handling, and data operations while continuing to rationalize our real estate portfolio and through the utilization of renewable energy.

Our Corporate Social Responsibility program is evolving to better align with our corporate strategy of offering safe, smart, and sustainable solutions. To that end, we are focusing on community programs that aim to create spaces where people feel safe. By supporting ‘safe places,’ we are helping provide preventative solutions with a broad impact. Through financial contributions and in-kind product donations of smart security systems, ADT can make a difference for these organizations. In addition, ADT employees volunteer for activities in their communities such as for block-beautification events and mentoring programs. ADT also supports a variety of nonprofits through volunteerism, corporate philanthropy, and in-kind product donations.

ADT prioritizes strong corporate governance, believing that this is the foundation for financial integrity and superior performance. Our board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) is responsible for the oversight of our business and approves our operating values which are reflected in our Code of Conduct (the “Code”).

We are committed to working to ensure all ADT employees uphold our core Company values of trust, collaboration, service, and innovation. This begins with the Code which describes our commitment to our customers, investors, communities, and each other. The Code outlines employee expectations and helps foster a culture of integrity. We adhere to the governance requirements established by federal and state law, the SEC, and the NYSE; and we strive to establish appropriate risk management methods and control procedures to adequately manage and monitor the major risks we may face day to day.

Additional information about our corporate responsibility priorities and approach and related reports are available on our website. The contents of our website and these reports are referenced for general information only and are not incorporated into this Annual Report.

From time to time, we have used, and expect in the future to use, our website as a means of disclosing material information to the public in a broad, non-exclusionary manner, including for purposes of the SEC’s Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD). Financial and other material information regarding the Company is routinely posted on our website and accessible at https://investor.adt.com. In order to receive notifications regarding new postings to our website, investors are encouraged to enroll on our website to receive automatic email alerts. None of the information on our website is incorporated into this Annual Report.

Our business operates in markets that are characterized by rapidly changing technologies, evolving industry standards, potential new entrants, and changes in customer needs and expectations. Accordingly, our future success depends in part on our ability to accomplish the following: identify emerging technological trends in our target end-markets; develop, acquire, and maintain competitive products and services that capitalize on existing and emerging trends; enhance our existing products and services by adding innovative features on a timely and cost-effective basis that differentiates us from our competitors; incorporate popular third-party interactive products and services into our product and service offerings; sufficiently capture and protect intellectual property rights in new inventions and other innovations; and develop or acquire and bring products and services, including enhancements, to market quickly and cost-effectively.

Our ability to develop, alone or with third parties, or to acquire new products and services that are technologically innovative requires the investment of significant resources and can affect our competitive position. In addition, the dynamic nature of these changes requires that we simultaneously engage in significant technology developmental efforts across our operations, including platform development, sales, marketing, customer care, customer self-service, virtual service, billing, and other substantive and administrative functions. Upgrading and implementing changes to any one of our systems could present challenges, including potential interruptions to system operations as changes are made, which could disrupt or reduce their efficiency in the short term and temporarily affect the quality of the products and services offered to customers. Moreover, the age of our systems and architecture may present unique challenges that we have not previously encountered as we undertake these developmental efforts simultaneously across our operations. These system updates and development efforts divert resources from other potential investments in our businesses, and they may not lead to the development of new commercially successful technologies, products, or services on a timely basis.

From time to time, we enter into strategic partnerships with third parties to broaden and develop our offerings and marketing efforts. These strategic partnerships may require us to undertake significant commitments and make substantial expenditures and there can be no assurance that the expected benefits from these partnerships will be realized. For example, in July 2020, we entered into the Google Commercial Agreement, pursuant to which Google agreed to supply us with certain Google Devices and Services for sale to our customers. We have agreed, with certain exceptions, to exclusively provide or sell those Google Devices and Services to our customers, although Google can sell the same or similar devices to our competitors who may more successfully commercialize products or services that are competitive to ours, thereby materially harming our business. Given this exclusivity arrangement with Google, if Google fails to perform or to provide Google Devices and Services that continually meet the demands of our customers, or fails to provide continued innovation and investment in their relevant product businesses, or if we fail to provide or sell the Google Devices and Services that Google provides, or if we fail to develop products and services with Google that our customers find desirable, all in a timely manner, or if Google were to begin offering security products or services competitive to our own, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially, adversely impacted. In addition, subject to customary termination rights related to breach and change of control, the Google Commercial Agreement has an initial term of seven years from the date that the Google Devices and Services are successfully integrated into our end-user security and automation platform. Product introductions and the timing of such integration are focused on customer experience and are mutually agreed upon. Until such integration occurs, Google has the contractual right to require us, with certain exceptions, to exclusively offer those Google Devices and Services without integration for all new professional installations and for existing customers who do not have ADT Pulse or ADT Control interactive services.

In November 2020, we announced the ongoing development of our proprietary ADT-owned next-generation professional security and automation technology platform. Our comprehensive interactive platform is intended to provide customers with a seamless experience across security, life safety, automation, and analytics through a common application that integrates the user experience, the customer service experience, and back-end support. We may not achieve a successful platform rollout in a

timely manner, within budget, or in a manner that enables the commercialization of products and services that meet the continually evolving demands of our customers, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. As we begin to commercialize products based upon our interactive platform, we have adjusted our processes for reviewing and securing intellectual property rights. Nevertheless, we may become the target of additional lawsuits alleging that we have infringed the patents or technology of third parties. Regardless of the merits of these lawsuits and any steps we take to mitigate infringement risk, any allegations could cause us to incur significant costs to defend and resolve, and could harm our business and reputation, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In September 2022, we entered into a strategic relationship with State Farm with the goal of expanding our customer base by developing integrated solutions for State Farm’s customers. As part of the strategic relationship, in October 2022, we entered into the State Farm Development Agreement, pursuant to which State Farm committed up to $300 million to fund product and technology innovation, customer growth, and marketing initiatives with us. Subject to the terms of the State Farm Development Agreement, we have agreed not to enter into any development, marketing, distribution, or other arrangement with certain competitors of State Farm and to refrain from developing, marketing, distributing, or making available to certain competitors of State Farm any products or services developed in connection with the State Farm Development Agreement. If we fail to successfully develop products and services that are utilized by State Farm’s customer base pursuant to the State Farm Development Agreement, we may not achieve or realize the anticipated financial, strategic and other benefits of the strategic relationship with State Farm, and our growth prospects and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected. Subject to termination rights related to breach and change of control, the State Farm Development Agreement has an initial term of three years from October 13, 2022.

Any new or enhanced products and services that we develop alone or pursuant to existing or new agreements with third parties may not satisfy customer preferences, and potential product failures may cause customers to reject our products and services. As a result, these products and services may not achieve market acceptance, and our brand image could suffer. In addition, our competitors may introduce superior products or business strategies, impairing our brand and the desirability of our products and services, which may cause customers to defer or forego purchases of our products and services, or to decline to enter into new monthly installment contracts or to cancel or fail to renew existing contracts. If our competitors implement new technologies before we can implement them, those competitors may be able to provide more effective products than ours, possibly at lower prices, and experience higher adoption rates and popularity. Any delay or failure in the introduction of new or enhanced solutions could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In addition, the markets for our products and services may not develop or grow as we anticipate, and any changes in our go-to-market approach may not be seen as favorable by customers. The failure of our technology, products, or services to gain market acceptance, the potential for product defects, or the obsolescence of our products and services could significantly reduce our revenue, increase our operating costs, or otherwise materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We experience significant competitive pressure in both the do-it-for-me (“DIFM”) and DIY spaces. The monitored security industry is highly fragmented and subject to significant competition and pricing pressures. We experience significant competitive pricing pressures in the DIFM space on installation, monitoring, and service fees. Several competitors offer comparable or lower installation and monitoring fees, and others may charge significantly more for installation, but in many cases, less for monitoring. We also face competition in the DIY space from companies such as SimpliSafe, Apple HomeKit, and Amazon Ring, which enable customers to self-monitor and control their environments without third-party involvement through the Internet, text messages, emails, or similar communications. Some DIY providers may also offer professional monitoring with the purchase of their systems and equipment without a contractual commitment, or offer new IoT devices and services with automated features and capabilities, which may be appealing to customers and put us at a competitive disadvantage. In addition, certain DIY providers have a significantly broader customer base and product offering than us, allowing them to cross-subsidize their offerings through their other product offerings and cross-sell interactive and security solutions that are competitive with our offerings to customers who are loyal to the competitor’s brand. Continuing expansion in customers’ options to choose systems that they can in part or fully install could increase our attrition rates over time and the risk of accelerated amortization of customer contracts resulting from a declining customer base.

In addition, cable, telecommunications, and large technology companies have expanded into the home automation and monitored security industry and are bundling their existing offerings with interactive and monitored security services, often at lower monthly monitoring rates. These companies: (i) may have existing access to and relationships with customers, as well as highly recognized brands, which may drive increased awareness of their security/automation offerings relative to ours; (ii) may have access to greater capital and resources than us; and (iii) may spend significantly more on advertising, marketing, and promotional resources, as well as the acquisition of other companies with home automation solution offerings, any of which

could have a material adverse effect on our ability to drive awareness and demand for our products and services. We may also face competition for direct sales from our independent, third-party authorized dealers, who may offer installation in particular markets for considerably less than we do.

Additionally, one or more of our competitors either in the DIFM or DIY space could develop a significant technological advantage over us, allowing them to provide additional or better-quality service or lower prices, which could put us at a competitive disadvantage. Continued pricing pressure, technology improvements, competitor brand loyalty, and continuing shifts in customer preferences toward self-monitoring and DIY could adversely impact our customer base, revenue, and/or pricing structure and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Aggressive pricing strategies adopted by our competitors could cause us to lose market share, reduce our prices, and add significant pressure on our cost structure.

In addition, in connection with our continued rollout of Google Nest products, and as our pricing model becomes more transparent to consumers and we offer more optionality with tiered pricing and pricing disaggregation as compared to our current pricing model, our competitors may be better able to underprice us in the marketplace and our customers and potential customers may determine they can achieve a lower cost solution or higher value with an alternative provider. Changes in the transparency of our pricing may also result in new customers selecting lower cost solutions than they otherwise would have and our existing customers switching to our lower cost solutions or demanding that we lower the cost of their existing solutions, which could impact our revenue and profitability.

Furthermore, the new smart home communication protocol Matter launched in 2022, with new Matter-compatible products already available. The project group was launched and introduced by Amazon, Apple, Google, Comcast, and others, with about 280 members currently in the working group, including ADT. The goal of Matter is to make all smart home devices interoperable which presents risks for our smart home offerings because interoperable smart home offerings make it easier and less costly for consumers to switch providers, making it more difficult for ADT to retain existing subscribers.

It has been common practice in the insurance industry to provide a reduction in rates for consumer policies written on homes that have monitored security systems. This practice benefits our business, as it makes our products more attractive and benefits customer retention, However, there can be no assurance that insurance companies will continue to offer these rate reductions.

If these incentives are reduced or eliminated, new homeowners who otherwise might not feel the need for monitored security services would have to be acquired through our standard sales and marketing processes, which could be at a higher cost of acquisition, and existing customers may choose to disconnect or not renew their service contracts, which could increase our attrition rates. In addition, as a result of our strategic relationship with State Farm, other insurance companies may offer rate reduction policies that favor our competitors’ customers or may otherwise modify their practices in detriment of our customers. In each case, our growth prospects and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

In February 2022, a major provider of 3G cellular networks began to retire its network and a major provider of Code-Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) began to do so in December 2022. Of our customers impacted by these retirements, we transitioned, or provided our customers with the means to transition, all but a relatively small number of customer accounts. None of these remaining customers have responded to our multiple requests to upgrade their systems and therefore we could not transition them prior to the relevant transition dates. A failure to effectively transition these customers away from retired networks will result in a loss of signal to the systems and certain services we provide, which may impact our ability to bill and

collect for services provided. Implementation of additional service charges in connection with these transitions may cause customers to view such charges unfavorably, which could increase our customer attrition. We cannot know the full impact of network retirement on our customers and therefore on our business until sometime after all such retirements have occurred.

If we are unable to upgrade cellular equipment at customer sites to meet new network standards or to respond to other changes carriers are making or may make to their networks in a timely and cost-effective manner, whether due to an insufficient supply of electronic components or parts, an insufficient skilled labor force, or due to any other reason, or if we are sued by one or more customers due to our inability to provide certain services, or due to any loss incurred while we are not able to provide certain services, or due to any continuous billing for services after a prior or future transition date, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows, could be materially adversely affected. We have also recently become aware that one or more telecom carriers are beginning the process to retire their time-division multiplexing (“TDM”) nodes that service toll-free numbers, which could require us to further upgrade certain of our customer equipment.

In November 2017, as part of the FCC’s efforts to facilitate the transition from traditional copper-based wireline networks to IP-based fiber broadband networks, the FCC repealed its rules requiring telecommunications carriers to provide direct advanced public notice to consumers of the retirement of copper-based wireline networks. Many of our customers rely solely on copper-based telephone networks to transmit alarm signals from their premises to our monitoring stations. Since some customer alarm systems are not compatible with IP-based communication paths, we will be required to upgrade or install new technologies, which may include the need to subsidize the replacement of the customers’ outdated systems at our expense. The carrier’s ability to retire copper-based wireline networks without advanced notice could lead to customer confusion and impede our ability to timely transfer customers to new network technologies. Any technology upgrades or implementations could require significant capital expenditures, may increase our attrition rates, and may also divert management and other resource attention away from customer service and sales efforts for new customers. In the future, we may not be able to successfully implement new technologies or adapt existing technologies to changing market demands. If we are unable to adapt in a timely manner to changing technologies, market conditions or customer preferences, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, we use broadband Internet access service to support our product offerings, such as video monitoring and surveillance, and as a communications option for alarm monitoring and other services. Video monitoring and surveillance services use significantly more bandwidth than non-video Internet activity. As utilization rates and penetration of these services increase, the need for increased network capacity might necessitate incurring additional capital or operational expenditures to avoid service disruptions as well as ensure a seamless video experience for our customers, which could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Police departments in certain jurisdictions do not respond to calls from monitored security service companies unless certain conditions are met, such as video or other verification or eyewitness accounts of suspicious activities, either as a matter of policy or by local ordinance. We offer video verification or the option to receive a response from private guard companies in certain jurisdictions, which increases the cost of some security systems and may increase the cost to customers. If additional police and fire departments refuse to respond or are prohibited from responding to calls from monitored security service companies unless certain conditions, such as those mentioned above, are met, consumer trust and confidence in our solutions may be damaged and our ability to attract and retain customers could be negatively impacted, and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Our business depends on our reputation and ability to maintain good relationships with our customers, dealers, suppliers, and local regulators, among others. Our reputation may be harmed either through product defects, such as the failure of one or more of our customers’ alarm systems, or shortfalls in customer service. Customers generally judge our performance through their interactions with staff at our monitoring and customer care centers, dealers, and field installation and service technicians, as well as their day-to-day interactions with our products and mobile applications. Any failure to meet customers’ expectations in such customer service areas could harm our reputation or customer relationships and cause an increase in attrition rates or make it difficult to obtain new customers or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In addition, we have attempted to control the operating costs of certain of our customer care operations using lower cost labor in certain foreign countries that may be subject to relatively higher degrees of political and social instability and may lack the infrastructure to withstand political unrest or natural disasters. The occurrence of natural disasters, pandemics, political or economic instability, or other activities in such countries could result in the sudden and continued closure of operations that in turn could cause disruptions in our operations and a failure to maintain our existing level and quality of customer care. The practice of utilizing labor based in foreign countries has come under increased scrutiny in the United States. Governmental authorities could seek to limit or penalize our operations, and our customers may not value the services provided by such operations. In addition, we are subject to applicable anti-corruption laws and regulations, such as The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, that prohibit certain types of payments and which could expose us to significant penalties, fines, settlements, costs and consent orders that may curtail or restrict our business. Any such outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our brand names are critical to our success. Unauthorized use of our brand names by third parties may materially adversely affect our business and reputation, including the perceived quality and reliability of our products and services, as well as brand loyalty. We rely on trademark law, company brand name protection policies, and agreements with our employees, customers, business partners, and others to protect the value of our brand names. Despite our precautions, we cannot provide assurance that those procedures are sufficiently effective to protect against unauthorized third-party use of our brand names. In recent years, various third parties have used our brand names to engage in fraudulent activities, including unauthorized telemarketing conducted in our names to induce our existing customers to switch to competing monitoring service providers, lead generation activities for competitors, and obtaining personally identifiable or personal financial information. Third parties sometimes use our names and trademarks, or other confusingly similar variations thereof, in other contexts that may impact our brands. We may not be successful in detecting, investigating, preventing, or prosecuting all unauthorized third-party use of our brand names. Future litigation with respect to such unauthorized use could also result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources. Additionally, pursuant to the Brand License we entered into in connection with the Commercial Divestiture, GTCR is allowed to use the ADT brand and other trademarks for a period of 12 months. During this period, we have limited control over the use of the ADT Commercial brand by GTCR, which may increase the risk of damage to the brand for our remaining businesses. These factors could materially adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our success depends in part on our continued ability to use trademarks to capitalize on our brands’ name-recognition and to further develop our brands in the U.S, as well as in other international markets should we choose to expand and continue to grow our business outside of the U.S. in the future. Not all the trademarks that are used by our brands have been registered in all of the countries in which we may do business in the future, and some trademarks may never be registered in any or all of these countries. Rights in trademarks are generally territorial in nature and are obtained on a country-by-country basis by the first person to obtain protection through use or registration in that country in connection with specified products and services. Some countries’ laws do not protect unregistered trademarks at all or make them more difficult to enforce; and third parties may have filed for “ADT” or marks similar to our blue octagon logo in countries where we have not registered these brands as trademarks. Accordingly, we may not be able to adequately protect our brands everywhere in the world and use of such brands may result in liability for trademark infringement, trademark dilution, or unfair competition.

For example, certain trademarks associated with the ADT brand, including “ADT” and the blue octagon, are owned in all territories outside of the U.S. and Canada by Johnson Controls, which acquired and merged with and into Tyco. In certain instances, such trademarks are licensed in certain territories outside the U.S. and Canada by Johnson Controls to third parties. Pursuant to a trademark agreement entered into between The ADT Corporation and Tyco (the “Tyco Trademark Agreement”) in connection with the separation of The ADT Corporation from Tyco in 2012, which endures in perpetuity, we are prohibited from ever registering, attempting to register or using such trademarks outside the U.S. (including Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands) and Canada, and we may not challenge Tyco’s rights in such trademarks outside the U.S. and Canada. Additionally, under the Tyco Trademark Agreement, we and Tyco each has the right to propose new secondary source indicators (e.g., “Pulse”) to become designated source indicators of such party. To qualify as a designated source indicator, certain specified criteria must be met, including that the indicator has not been used as a material indicator by the non-proposing party or its affiliates over the previous seven years. If we are unable to object to Tyco’s proposal for a new designated source indicator by successfully asserting that the new indicator did not meet the requisite criteria, we would subsequently be precluded from using, registering, or attempting to register such indicator in any jurisdiction, including the U.S. and Canada, whether alone or in connection with an ADT brand. Any dilution, infringement, or customer confusion with respect to our brand or use of trade

names, or the inability to use such names as we expand our existing and create new strategic relationships, could materially adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In addition, in November 2019, we sold all our shares of ADT Canada to TELUS and, among other things, entered into a non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with TELUS pursuant to which we agreed not to directly or indirectly engage in a business competitive with ADT Canada, subject to limited exceptions, for a period of seven years. In connection with our sale of ADT Canada, we also entered into a patent and trademark license agreement with TELUS granting them (i) the use of our patents in Canada for a period of seven years and (ii) the exclusive rights to use our trademarks in Canada for a period of five years followed by non-exclusive use of our trademarks for an additional two years. Any violation by TELUS of our agreements with them, or their misuse of our intellectual property or behavior by TELUS in a manner that incorrectly reflects poorly on us because of TELUS’s use of our intellectual property could damage our brand and reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

New customers require an upfront investment, and we generally achieve revenue break-even in less than two and a half years. Accordingly, our long-term profitability is dependent on long customer tenure. This requires that we minimize our rate of customer disconnects, or attrition, which can increase as a result of factors such as customer relocations, problems experienced with our product or service quality, customer service, increased interoperability of smart home devices now or in the future, customer non-pay, unfavorable general economic conditions, and the preference for lower pricing of competitors’ products and services over ours. If attrition rates were to rise significantly, we may be required to accelerate the depreciation and amortization expense for, or to impair, certain of our assets, including with respect to subscriber and customer relationships, which would cause a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if we fail to keep our customers for a sufficiently long period of time, or our attrition rates increase, our profitability, business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

We are dependent on the capacity, reliability, and security of information technology networks and systems, including Internet and Internet-based or “cloud” computing services, to collect, process, transmit, and store electronic information. We have completed a significant number of acquisitions of companies that operate different technology platforms and systems. We are continuously implementing modifications and upgrades to our existing information technology systems to keep up with changing technology and business demands. Aiming to provide a seamless customer experience, we are also integrating systems from our various acquisitions, making changes to legacy systems, replacing legacy systems with successor systems with new functionality, and implementing new systems. We are also implementing modifications to various technology platforms and systems as part of the transition services related to the Commercial Divestiture.

The dynamic nature of these and other changes we are undertaking require that we simultaneously engage in significant technology developmental efforts across our operations, including platform development, sales, marketing, customer care, customer self-service, virtual service, billing, and other substantive and administrative functions. Upgrading and implementing changes to any one of our systems could present challenges, and any delay in making such changes or replacements or in purchasing new systems could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. There are inherent costs and risks associated with integrating, replacing, and changing these systems and implementing new systems, including potential disruptions in our sales, operations, and customer service functions which may reduce their efficiency in the short term; loss of customers’ confidential or other information; potential negative reception from customers; potential disruption of our internal control structure; substantial capital expenditures; additional administration and operating expenses; retention of sufficiently skilled personnel to integrate, implement, and operate the new systems and an increase in human capital costs; demands on management time; challenges securing our systems along with dependent processes from cybersecurity threats; and other risks and costs of delays or difficulties in transitioning to new systems or of integrating new systems into our current systems.

We plan to migrate our technology infrastructure to the cloud. This initiative is a major undertaking as we migrate and reconfigure our current system processes, transactions, data and controls to a new cloud-based platform. This transition could have a significant impact on our business processes, financial reporting, information systems and internal controls.

As we implement the transition of our technology infrastructure to the cloud, we may need to divert resources away from other important business operations, including management attention. Additionally, we may experience difficulties as we manage these changes and transition our technology infrastructure to the public cloud, including loss or corruption of data, interruptions in service and downtime, increased cyber threats and activity, delayed financial reporting, unanticipated expenses including increased costs of implementation and of conducting business, and lost revenue. Although we plan to conduct design validations and user testing, these may cause delays in transacting our business due to system challenges, limitations in functionality, inadequate management or process deficiencies in the development and use of our systems. Difficulties in implementing or an inability to effectively implement our migration plans could disrupt our operations and harm our business.

As we increase our reliance on cloud infrastructure, our products and services will become increasingly reliant on continued access to, and the continued stability, reliability, and flexibility of third-party cloud services. We have limited control over third-party cloud operations and facilities on which we plan to host our technology infrastructure. Any changes in third-party service levels or any disruptions or delays from errors, defects, hacking incidents, security breaches, computer viruses, DDoS attacks, bad acts or performance problems could harm our reputation, damage our customers’ businesses, and harm our business. Our third-party cloud providers are also vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, war, public health crises, such as COVID-19, terrorist attacks, power losses, hardware failures, systems failures, telecommunications failures and similar events. Although our transition and migration to the public cloud may increase our risk of liability and cause us to incur significant technical, legal or other costs, we may have limited remedies against third-party providers in connection with such liabilities.

Additionally, our third-party cloud providers may not be able to effectively manage existing traffic levels or increased demand in capacity requirements, especially to cover peak levels or spikes in traffic, and as a result, our customers may experience delays in accessing our solutions or encounter slower performance in our solutions, which could significantly harm the operations of our customers. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits to customers, subject us to potential liability, and cause customers to terminate their subscriptions or harm our renewal rates. Finally, we may in the future be unable to secure additional cloud hosting capacity on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If any of our third-party cloud providers increase pricing terms, terminate or seek to terminate our contractual relationship or change or interpret their terms of service or policies in a manner that is unfavorable, we may be required to transfer to another provider and may incur significant costs and experience service interruptions.

We collect, process, transmit, and store sensitive and confidential information related to our customers, employees and business partners, as well as proprietary information related to our business, such as business plans and license agreements. This makes us vulnerable to cyber attacks and other attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information and technology networks and systems, including work from home environments. Cyber attacks may come from phishing, malware, ransomware, or other methods. While we implement security measures within our products, services, operations, and, to a limited extent, within other actors’ systems, cyber attacks continue to evolve in sophistication and volume and we may not be able to detect or prevent cybersecurity breaches; the unauthorized access, capture, or alteration of information; the exposure or exploitation of potential security vulnerabilities; distributed denial of service attacks; the installation of malware or ransomware; acts of vandalism; computer viruses; or misplaced data or data loss that could materially adversely impact our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Despite our security measures, we have been the target of a number of these forms of cyber attacks, and we will likely continue to be subject to such attacks in the future. If one of these cyber attacks is successful, it may result in disrupted operations, misstated or misappropriated financial data, theft of our confidential or proprietary or other information, increased cybersecurity protection costs, and reputational damage. In addition, we may be the subject to regulatory scrutiny or exposed to litigation or other claims by affected persons including our customers and business partners. While we maintain insurance coverage that is intended to address certain aspects of data security risks, such insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise.

In addition, following the Commercial Divestiture, certain employees of the divested business will have access to our financial and other internal systems for a period of time which exposes us to increased risks related to information theft and unauthorized

system access. Any measures we have taken or may take in the future to protect against theft and unauthorized system access cannot provide absolute protection against employees who may wrongfully use such technology, intellectual property, or information, or wrongfully disclose such technology and intellectual, confidential, proprietary, or any other information to third parties, including our competitors.

Our business also requires us to share confidential information with suppliers and other third parties. Third parties, including our partners and vendors, could also be a source of security risk to us, or cause disruptions to our normal operations, in the event of a failure of their own products, components, networks, security systems, and infrastructure. For example, in 2021, one of our vendors, the Ultimate Kronos Group (“Kronos”), which is a workforce management and human capital management cloud provider, experienced a ransomware attack that resulted in Kronos temporarily decommissioning the functionality of certain of its cloud software, requiring us to find alternative methods to properly pay our employees and to monitor the status of the work in progress of certain of our projects in a timely manner. In addition, some of the products we sell and provide services for are categorized as IoT and may become targets for cybercriminals and other actors attempting to gain unauthorized access. The significant increase in the number of our employees working from home further exposes us to security risks. Although we take steps to secure confidential, proprietary or other information that is provided to or accessible by third parties working on our behalf, we cannot be certain that advances in criminal capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other developments will not compromise or breach the technology protecting the networks that access our products and services.

A significant actual or perceived (whether or not valid) theft, loss, fraudulent use or misuse of customer, employee, or other personally identifiable data, whether by us, our partners and vendors, or other third parties, or as a result of employee error or malfeasance or otherwise, non-compliance with applicable industry standards or our contractual or other legal obligations regarding such data, or a violation of our privacy and information security policies with respect to such data, could result in significant remediation costs, administrative fines, litigation or other claims by third parties, or regulatory actions against us. Such an event could additionally result in unfavorable publicity and therefore materially and adversely affect the market’s perception of the security and reliability of our products and services and our credibility and reputation with our customers, which may lead to customer dissatisfaction and could result in lost sales and increased customer revenue attrition.

In addition, we depend on our information technology infrastructure for business-to-business and business-to-consumer electronic commerce. Security breaches of, or sustained attacks against, this infrastructure could create system disruptions and shutdowns that could negatively impact our operations. Increasingly, our products and services are accessed through the Internet, and security breaches in connection with the delivery of our services via the Internet may affect us and could be detrimental to our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. There can be no assurance that our continued investments in new and emerging technology and other solutions to protect our network and information systems will prevent any of the risks described herein. In addition, any delay in making such investments due to conflicting budget priorities or otherwise could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. There can be no assurance that our insurance will be sufficient to protect against all our losses from any future disruptions or breaches of our systems or other events as described herein.

We may use systems and tools that incorporate AI-based technologies, including generative AI for customers, experts, and our workforce. As with many new and emerging technologies, AI presents numerous risks and challenges that could adversely affect our business. The development, adoption, and use for generative AI technology remains in early stages and ineffective or inadequate AI or generative AI development or deployment practices by us or third parties could result in unintended consequences. For example, AI algorithms that we use may be flawed or may be based on datasets that are biased or insufficient. In addition, any latency, disruption, or failure in our AI systems or infrastructure could result in delays or errors in our offerings. Developing, testing, and deploying resource-intensive AI systems may require additional investment and increase our costs. There also may be real or perceived social harm, unfairness, or other outcomes that undermine public confidence in the use and deployment of AI. In addition, third parties may deploy AI technologies in a manner that reduces customer demand for our products and services. Any of the foregoing may result in decreased demand for our products or harm to our business, results of operations or reputation.

The legal and regulatory landscape surrounding AI technologies is rapidly evolving and uncertain including in the areas of intellectual property, cybersecurity, and privacy and data protection. For example, there is uncertainty around the validity and enforceability of intellectual property rights related to our use, development, and deployment of AI. Compliance with new or changing laws, regulations or industry standards relating to AI may impose significant operational costs and may limit our ability to develop, deploy or use AI technologies. Failure to appropriately respond to this evolving landscape may result in legal liability, regulatory action, or brand and reputational harm.

The components for the security and automation systems that we install or consume are manufactured by third parties. We are therefore susceptible to interruptions in supply and to the receipt of components that do not meet our standards. Our suppliers may be susceptible to disruptions from fire, natural disasters, weather and the effects of climate change (such as sea level rise, drought, flooding, wildfires, and increased storm severity), health epidemics and pandemics, transmission interruptions, extended power outages, human or other error, malicious acts, terrorism, war, sabotage, government actions, or other concerns impacting their local workforce or operations, all of which are beyond our and their control. Any financial or other difficulties our providers face may have negative effects on our business.

We exercise limited control over our suppliers, which increases our vulnerability to problems with the products and services they provide or to their choice of which companies they will allow to sell their products. For example, we are subject to the risk of unique or recurring shortages in materials which are part of our inventory. The 2021-2022 worldwide shortage of electronic components, which caused the lead times for such components’ manufacture and delivery to increase and extended existing commitments by certain manufacturers, and in certain cases, allocations, have improved. However, the lead times have not gone back to pre-2021 levels, and we still have to closely monitor and give earlier forecasts and purchase commitments to suppliers to procure components to accommodate the longer lead times. While a single cause of the shortages was not identified, it was believed that among other reasons, there was a surge in demand for such components and major growth in certain sectors which rely on such components, and these trends may continue and increase. Certain of our key suppliers have seen this impact their ability to obtain certain components which could present challenges to our ability to obtain the inventory necessary to meet the demands of our new and existing customers, and to complete crucial initiatives such as the upgrading of cellular equipment at customer sites to meet new network standards. We are also subject to supply chain disruption should we learn that any of our suppliers is in violation of legislation which bans the import of goods based on their method of production, such as using forced labor or otherwise. This may also result in negative publicity regarding our production methods, and alleged unethical or illegal practices of any of our suppliers and could adversely affect our reputation. Our efforts to minimize the risk of a disruption from a single supplier may not always be effective, and we have experienced some disruptions in our supply chain during recent years. Any continued or more significant interruption in supply could cause significant delays in installations and repairs and the loss of current and potential customers. Although some specific shortages may be resolved, they may recur. From time to time, we may also experience product recalls and other unplanned product repairs or replacements with customers. We have recently experienced such product service events, few of which are material, although there can be no assurance that any such future product service events will not be more extensive or more costly, material to us, and/or require the outlay of cash while we pursue cost recovery from manufacturers and suppliers, and there can be no assurance that we will be successful in pursuing recoveries from those third parties. If a previously installed component were found to be defective, we might not be able to recover the costs associated with its repair or replacement across our installed customer base, and these costs, or the diversion of technical personnel to address the defect could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Such incidents may also harm our reputation and may result in litigation or other claims from customers. In the event of a product recall or litigation against our suppliers or us, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We rely on third-party software for key automation features in certain of our offerings and on the interoperation of that software with our own, such as our mobile applications and related platform. We could experience service disruptions if customer usage patterns for such integrated or combined offerings exceed, or are otherwise outside of, system design parameters and we or our third-party provider is unable to make corrections. Such disruptions in the provision of services could result in our inability to meet customer demand, damage our reputation and customer relationships, and materially and adversely affect our business. We also rely on certain software technology that we license from third parties and use in our products and services to perform key functions and provide critical functionality. For example, we license the software platform for our monitoring operations from third parties. Because a number of our products and services incorporate technology developed and maintained by third parties, we are, to a certain extent, dependent upon such third parties’ ability to update, maintain, or enhance their current products and services; to ensure that their products are free of defects or security vulnerabilities; to develop new products and services on a timely and cost-effective basis; and to respond to emerging industry standards, customer preferences, and other technological changes. Further, these third-party technology licenses may not always be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If third-party vendors decide not to renew our in-between agreements or to limit our access to their offerings, or the third-party technology becomes obsolete, is incompatible with future versions of our products or services, or otherwise fails to address our needs, we cannot provide assurance that we would be able to replace the functionality provided by the third-party software with technology from alternative providers. Furthermore, even if we obtain licenses to alternative software products or services that provide the functionality we need, we may be required to replace hardware installed at our monitoring centers, work from home environments, and at our customers’ sites, including security system control panels and

peripherals, in order to execute our integration of or migration to alternative software products. Any of these factors could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We also rely on various third-party telecommunications providers and signal processing centers to transmit and communicate signals to our monitoring facilities and work from home environments in a timely and consistent manner. These telecommunications providers and signal processing centers could deprioritize or fail to transmit or communicate these signals to the monitoring facilities and work from home environment for many reasons, including disruptions from fire, natural disasters, weather, and the effects of climate change (such as sea level rise, drought, flooding, wildfires, and increased storm severity), health epidemics or pandemics, transmission interruption, extended power outages, human or other error, malicious acts, including cyber attacks, provider preferences regarding the signals that get transmitted, government actions, war, terrorism, sabotage, or other conflicts, or as a result of disruptions to internal and external networks or third party transmission lines. The failure of one or more of these telecommunications providers or signal processing centers to transmit and communicate signals to our monitoring facilities and work from home environments in a timely manner could affect our ability to provide alarm monitoring, home automation, and interactive services to our customers. We also rely on third-party technology companies to provide automation and interactive services to our customers. These technology companies could fail to provide these services consistently, or at all, which could result in our inability to meet customer demand and damage our reputation. There can be no assurance that third-party telecommunications providers, signal processing centers, and other technology companies will continue to transmit and communicate signals to our monitoring facilities and work from home environments or provide home automation and interactive services to customers without disruption. Any such failure or disruption, particularly one of a prolonged duration, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. As mentioned above, telecommunications providers have in the past, and may in the future, retire older telecommunications technology, limiting our customers’ options of telecommunications services and equipment, which could materially adversely affect our business, increase customer attrition and require significant capital expenditures.

A disruption in our ability to provide security monitoring services or otherwise provide ongoing customer care to our customers could have a material adverse effect on our business. A disruption could occur for many reasons, including fire, natural disasters, weather, and the effects of climate change (such as sea level rise, drought, flooding, wildfires, and increased storm severity), health epidemics or pandemics, transmission interruption, extended power outages, human or other error, malicious acts, provider preferences regarding the signals that get transmitted, government actions, war, terrorism, sabotage, or other conflicts, or as a result of disruptions to internal and external networks or third party transmission lines. Monitoring and customer care could also be disrupted by information systems and network-related events or cybersecurity attacks, such as computer hacking, computer viruses, worms, or other malicious software, distributed denial of service attacks, malicious social engineering, or other destructive or disruptive activities that could also cause damage to our properties, equipment, and data. A failure of our redundant back-up procedures or a disruption affecting multiple monitoring facilities or work from home environments could disrupt our ability to provide security monitoring or customer care services to our customers. If we experience such disruptions, we may experience customer dissatisfaction and potential loss of confidence, and liabilities to customers or other third parties, each of which could harm our reputation and impact future revenues. We could also be subject to claims or litigation with respect to losses caused by such disruptions. Our insurance may not be sufficient to fully cover our losses or may not cover a particular event at all. Any such disruptions or outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We have business continuity and disaster recovery plans and procedures designed to protect our business against a variety of events, including natural disasters, health epidemics or pandemics and armed conflicts or other hostilities. However, we cannot guarantee that these plans and procedures will prevent or efficiently mitigate the impact of all catastrophic events, especially those which are inherently unpredictable and beyond our anticipated thresholds or impact tolerances. Such events may impact macroeconomic conditions, consumer behavior, labor availability, or damage our facilities and our ability to provide our products and services to customers. Governmental responses to such events, including restrictions to businesses, can also affect the foregoing items and adversely affect our operations. Such events may also heighten other risks disclosed in these risk factors, including, but not limited to, those related to supply chain interruptions and consumer perceptions of our brand and industry. For example, the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 contributed to consumer unease and decreased discretionary spending. In order to maintain our operations, we had to implement measures to protect the health of our

employees and our customers. Furthermore, while we maintain insurance, our coverage may not sufficiently cover all types of losses or claims that may arise and we may be unable to adequately offset any losses we may incur.

We rely on monitoring centers and customer care centers as an integral part of our ongoing business operations and we have deployed hybrid and remote working options. The closure of any site or any widespread absence of the employees remaining in any such site could result in a material disruption to our business. Because the majority of employees who staff these operations currently conduct their jobs from home, our work from home environment could subject us to the failure of the communications networks serving our employees which we no longer control and who may not have sufficient back up capabilities. In addition, this work from home environment results in more home access points that are susceptible to cybersecurity attacks, such as computer hacking, computer viruses, worms or other malicious software or malicious activities. In addition, our monitoring centers are listed by UL and must meet certain requirements to maintain that listing. UL has adopted a temporary standard that enables our operators to work from home while remaining within the listing requirements and we must ensure that each such home environment continues to meet all such requirements as well as the UL permanent requirements, which have been established by UL. Our employees who work from home may also experience a decrease in the quality of job performance, whether immediate or over time. Any such impact with respect to our employees who are working from home could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We generate a portion of our new customers through our authorized dealer network. We rely on independent, third-party authorized dealers to implement mitigation plans for certain risks they may experience, including, but not limited to, information technology breaches, data security breaches, product liability, errors and omissions, and marketing compliance. In addition, our dealers rely on other third parties to submit orders and transmit data and may themselves be subject to many of these same risks. If our authorized dealers or the third parties on whom they rely experience any of these risks, or fail to implement mitigation plans for their risks, or if such implemented mitigation plans are inadequate or fail, we may be susceptible to business, legal, or reputational risks associated with our authorized dealers on which we rely to generate customers. Any interruption or permanent disruption in the generation of customer accounts or services provided by our authorized dealers could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We have and will continue to pursue and invest in new business opportunities that may diverge from our current business model and practices, including expanding our products or service offerings, investing in new and unproven technologies, adding customer acquisition channels, and forming new alliances with companies to market our services. We can provide no assurance that any such business opportunities or investments will perform as expected. Among other negative effects, our pursuit of such business opportunities could cause our cost of investment in new customers to grow at a faster rate than our recurring revenue and fees collected at the time of installation. In addition, any new business partner may not agree to the terms and conditions or limitations on liability that we typically impose upon third parties. Acquisitions in recent years have also significantly expanded our risk profile. For example, in December 2021 we acquired ADT Solar although our core business was not then extended to the residential solar market. In September 2022, we announced a strategic relationship with State Farm and our intention to develop products and services to satisfy certain needs of State Farm’s property and casualty customers which represents a significant entry point into the insurance industry. Additionally, any new alliances or customer acquisition channels could require large investments of capital to develop such business, or have higher cost structures than our current arrangements, which could reduce operating margins and require more working capital. If working capital requirements exceed operating cash flow, we could be required to draw on our revolving credit facility, or pursue other external financing, which may not be readily available. We may also experience capital loss on some or all our investments, insufficient revenue from such investments to offset new liabilities assumed and expenses associated with these new investments, distraction of management from current operations, and issues not identified during pre-investment planning and due diligence that could cause us to fail to realize the anticipated benefits of such investments and incur unanticipated liabilities. In such cases, we may decide to revise our strategic plans and adjust our operating footprint to optimize our operations, or exit certain businesses or product lines entirely. For example, after recording a series of losses with respect to our acquisition of ADT Solar, we announced in November 2023 a series of steps to rationalize the ADT Solar business, and in January 2024, we made a determination to exit the Solar business entirely. Any of these factors could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our historical acquisitions require the integration of separate companies that have previously operated independently. The continued integration of operations, information technology networks and systems, products, and personnel from our acquisitions, as well as the separation of certain shared services following the Commercial Divestiture, will continue to require the attention of our management and place demands on other internal resources. In addition, the overall continued integration of our acquired businesses may be disruptive to our business as a whole and result in material unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, competitive responses, and loss of customer relationships. The diversion of management’s attention, and any difficulties encountered in the transition, integration, and divestiture processes, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Further, we continue to integrate the financial reporting systems and processes of various companies we have acquired. Successfully implementing our business plan and complying with the SOX Act and other regulations requires us to be able to prepare timely and accurate consolidated financial statements. Any delay in this implementation of, or disruption in, the transition to new or enhanced systems, procedures, or controls, including internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures, may cause us to present restatements or cause our operations to suffer, and we may be unable to conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective and to obtain an unqualified report on internal controls from our independent registered public accounting firm.

Any of these difficulties in combining operations or separating certain shared services following the Commercial Divestiture could result in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues, and further diversion of management’s time and energy, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In connection with the ADT Solar Exit, we anticipate incurring severance and other costs. The ADT Solar Exit, whether or not completed, may result in significant business disruptions, including as a result of the need for management to spend significant time on activities related to the ADT Solar Exit. Moreover, the ADT Solar Exit may disrupt our relationships with customers, suppliers and other third parties, which could make our brand less attractive to consumers and business partners. The ADT Solar Exit, including related charges and the impact of the related workforce reduction, which may include potential legal claims by impacted employees, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

The ADT Solar Exit may also involve continued financial involvement in the discontinued operations, such as by causing us to continue to incur expenses to maintain services for completed installations and to complete those installations which have not yet been completed, or through continuing guarantees, indemnities or other financial obligations, such as a requirement by lenders that we repay outstanding loan amounts for jobs that have not achieved permission to operate in a timely manner or that we are otherwise required to repurchase pursuant to existing loan agreements. The incurrence of any such cost or action could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Although we believe the Commercial Divestiture and the ADT Solar Exit will place us in a better position to prioritize investments in our core business where we intend to drive profitable, capital-efficient revenue growth for the long-term, there can be no assurance that we will achieve such benefits, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The anticipated benefits are based on several assumptions, some of which may prove incorrect, and could be affected by factors beyond our control, including, without limitation, general economic conditions, increased operating costs, regulatory developments, and other risks described in these risk factors.

In connection with the Commercial Divestiture, we entered into a transition services agreement (the “Commercial TSA”), pursuant to which the Company and the Commercial Business will provide certain transitional services relating to ongoing support and other administrative functions to each other for a transitional period of up to 24 months after the closing of the Commercial Divestiture. We rely on the Commercial Business to satisfy its obligations under the Commercial TSA. If the Commercial Business is unable to satisfy its obligations under the Commercial TSA, or if the transition of services covered by the Commercial TSA takes longer to complete than expected, it could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, we may not be able to eliminate certain costs after the completion of the transition period covered by the Commercial TSA. If we are unable to eliminate some of these costs or effectively work with our supplies to reduce the costs associated with fewer employees or customers, it could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Prior to the Commercial Divestiture, ADT had three business segments, CSB, Commercial, and Solar. The Commercial Divestiture resulted in ADT being a smaller, less diversified company more focused on consumers, potentially making ADT more vulnerable to changing market, regulatory, and economic conditions following the Commercial Divestiture, particularly those affecting consumers and small businesses. Additionally, we recently announced plans to exit our Solar business. Once the ADT Solar Exit is completed, we will be entirely dependent on CSB, and any trends or uncertainties affecting CSB will directly affect ADT’s results of operations and financial condition in the future. Macroeconomic headwinds or changes in consumer preferences could have a greater impact on our business following the Commercial Divestiture and the ADT Solar Exit which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

An element of our business strategy is the generation of new customer accounts through third parties, including our authorized dealers, and future operating results depend in large part on our ability to continue to manage this business generation strategy effectively. We currently generate accounts through hundreds of independent third parties, including authorized dealers, and a significant portion of our accounts originate from a smaller number of such third parties. If we experience a loss of authorized dealers or third-party sellers representing a significant portion of our customer account generation, or if we are unable to replace or recruit authorized dealers, other third-party sellers, or alternate distribution channel partners in accordance with our business strategy, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, we are subject to reputational risks that may arise from the actions of our dealers and their employees, independent contractors, and other agents that are wholly or partially beyond our control, such as violations of our marketing policies and procedures as well as any failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If our dealers engage in marketing practices that are not in compliance with local laws and regulations, we may be in breach of such laws and regulations, which may result in regulatory proceedings and potential penalties that could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In addition, unauthorized activities in connection with sales efforts by employees, independent contractors, and other agents of our dealers, including calling consumers in violation of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, predatory door-to-door sales tactics, and fraudulent misrepresentations, could subject us to governmental investigations and class action lawsuits for, among others, false advertising and deceptive trade practice damage claims, against which we will be required to defend. Such defense efforts are costly and time-consuming, and there can be no assurance that such defense efforts will be successful, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

The successful promotion of our brands also depends on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts and on our ability to offer member discounts and special offers for our products and services to our partners. We have actively pursued affinity marketing programs, which provide members of participating organizations with special offers on our products and services. These

organizations may require us to pay higher fees to them, decrease our pricing for their members, introduce additional competitive options, or otherwise alter the terms of our participation in their marketing programs in ways that are unfavorable to us. These organizations may also terminate their relationships with us if we fail to meet contract service levels and/ or member satisfaction standards, among other things. If any of our affinity or marketing relationships is terminated or altered in an unfavorable manner, we may lose a source of sales leads, and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

We also rely on marketing by social media influencers and celebrity spokespersons that represent the ADT brand to generate new customers. These marketing efforts may not be successful or appeal to consumers. The promotion of our brand, products, and services by social media influencers and celebrities is subject to FTC regulations, including, for example, a requirement to disclose any compensatory arrangements between ADT and influencers in any reviews or public statements by such influencers about ADT or our products and services. These social media influencers and celebrities, with whom we maintain relationships, could also engage in activities or behaviors or use their platforms to communicate directly with our customers in a manner that violates applicable regulations or reflects poorly on our brand and that behavior may be attributed to us or otherwise adversely affect us. In connection with the promotion of ADT’s brand by influencers and celebrities, ADT is also subject to a twenty-year FTC consent decree from 2014 which requires adherence to a robust internal compliance process. In addition, influencers and celebrities who are associated with ADT may engage in behavior that is unrelated to ADT but that causes damage to our brand because of these associations. Any such activities or behaviors of the social media influencers or celebrities we engage, or our failure to adhere to the compliance processes as required by the FTC consent decree, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows, or on our reputation.

An element of our business strategy may involve the bulk acquisition of customer accounts. Acquisitions of customer accounts involve a number of risks, including the possibility of unexpectedly high rates of attrition and unanticipated deficiencies in the accounts and systems acquired despite our investigations and diligence prior to acquisition. We face competition from other alarm monitoring companies, including companies that may offer higher prices and more favorable terms for customer accounts purchased, and/or lower minimum financial or operational qualification or requirements for purchased accounts. This competition could reduce the acquisition opportunities available to us, slowing our rate of growth, and/or increasing the price we pay for such account acquisitions, thus reducing our return on investment and negatively impacting our revenue and results of operations. We can provide no assurance that we will continue to be able to purchase customer accounts on favorable terms or at all in the future.

The purchase price we pay for customer accounts is affected by the recurring revenue historically generated by such accounts, as well as several other factors, including the level of competition, our prior experience with accounts purchased in bulk from specific sellers, the geographic location of the accounts, the number of accounts purchased, the customers’ credit scores, and the type of security or automation equipment or platform used by the customers. In purchasing accounts, we have relied on management’s knowledge of the industry, due diligence procedures, and representations and warranties of bulk account sellers. We can provide no assurance that in all instances the representations and warranties made by bulk account sellers are true and complete or, if the representations and warranties are inaccurate, that we will be able to recover damages from bulk account sellers in an amount sufficient to fully compensate us for any resulting losses. In addition, we may need to incorporate and maintain specialized equipment and knowledge in order to service customer accounts purchased, or pay to upgrade such customers to ADT equipment. If any of these risks materialize, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Our success depends in part upon the continued services of sufficient talent at all levels of our organization, including, our management team, sales representatives, installation and service technicians and call center talent. Our ability to recruit and retain sufficient talent for these positions is based on our reputation as a successful business with a culture of fairly hiring, training, and promoting qualified employees. However, our success could be impacted adversely by the competitive labor environment and require us to incur wages and benefits in excess of our planned expenditure. Labor shortages in recent years made talent recruitment particularly challenging and competitive. In addition, we acquire businesses from time to time that have rates of employee attrition significantly higher than our own and we may experience difficulty or delay in hiring to fill positions due to these higher rates or in bringing the employee attrition rate of such acquired businesses to a level consistent with our own. The loss of experienced personnel through wage competition, normal attrition (including retirement), or specific actions such as divestitures, cost structure rationalizations, or other business exit activity, may adversely affect our reputation among job seekers, demoralize our remaining employees, and result in loss of critical knowledge. The loss, incapacity, or unavailability for any reason of sufficient personnel at any level of our organization, higher than expected payroll and other

costs associated with the hiring and retention of sufficient talent at all levels of our organization, or the inability or delay in hiring new employees, whether in management, sales, installation and service technicians, or call center personnel, could materially and adversely affect our business financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Competition for senior management talent having security and home automation industry experience has increased. Factors that impact our ability to attract and retain senior management include compensation and benefits and our successful reputation as a top provider in these industries. Our success partly depends on the ability of our CEO, Mr. James D. DeVries, along with the ability of other senior management and key employees, to effectively implement our business strategies and to continue to identify and grow talent through our annual strategic talent planning process. In addition, the success of our business depends on highly qualified leaders with relevant industry and operational experience, as well as the entire management team. The unexpected loss of any member of our senior management team and the related loss of their knowledge of products, offerings, and industry experience, and the difficulty of quickly finding qualified senior management talent to replace any such loss, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

As of December 31, 2023, approximately 800 of our employees at various sites, or approximately 6% of our total workforce, were represented by unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements. We are currently a party to approximately 17 collective bargaining agreements. About one-third of these agreements are up for renewal in any given year. Additionally, and especially in light of recent actions taken by the National Labor Relations Board, we could be subject to further attempts to organize some or all of our non-management employee base. We cannot predict the outcome of negotiations of the collective bargaining agreements covering our employees. If we are unable to reach new agreements or renew existing agreements, employees subject to collective bargaining agreements may engage in strikes, work slowdowns, or other labor actions, which could materially disrupt our ability to provide services. New labor agreements or the renewal of existing agreements may impose significant new costs on us, limit our opportunities to improve our cost structure, and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in the future.

We identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 and may identify additional material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting in the future. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of a company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. While we believe we have now remediated the material weakness previously reported in our Amended 2022 Annual Report, we cannot assure you that additional material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting will not occur in the future. The remediation of any such material weaknesses could require us to incur significant expenses. Moreover, if we fail to remediate any material weakness in a timely manner, that may adversely affect our ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information timely and accurately and, as a result, our financial statements may contain material misstatements or omissions.

In addition, it is possible that a material weakness may exist without being identified. Such a failure could cause our financial statements to contain material misstatements or omissions and could also result in regulatory scrutiny, and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial condition, lead to a default under our indebtedness and otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows, and on our reputation with investors and with business partners.

The confidential data and information collected in the normal course of our business, as well as portions of the significant volume of third party data that we or our partners collect and retain, is subject to certain laws and regulations. Our ability to analyze this data to provide the customer with an improved user experience is a valuable component of our services, but we

cannot provide assurance that the data we require will be available from these sources in the future or that the cost of such data will not increase. If the data that we require is not available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all, we may not be able to provide certain parts of our current or planned products and services, and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, we may also collect and retain other sensitive types of data, including, among other things, audio recordings of telephone calls and video images of customer sites. We must comply with applicable federal and state laws and regulations governing the collection, retention, processing, storage, disclosure, access, use, security, and privacy of such information in addition to our own posted information security and privacy policies and applicable industry standards, such as the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards. The legal, regulatory, and contractual environment surrounding the foregoing continues to evolve, and there has been an increasing amount of focus on privacy and data security issues with the potential to affect our business. These privacy and data security laws, regulations, and standards, as well as contractual requirements, could increase our cost of doing business, and failure to comply with these laws, regulations, standards, and contractual requirements could result in government enforcement actions (which could include civil or criminal penalties), private litigation, and/or adverse publicity. In the event of a breach of personal information that we hold or that is held by third parties on our behalf, we may be subject to governmental fines, individual and class action claims, remediation expenses, and/or harm to our reputation. In 2020, we disclosed that a Company technician had secured unauthorized personal access to certain customers’ in-home security systems, resulting in individual and class action legal claims against us. We could incur significant legal costs in defending existing or new claims or in the ultimate resolution of such claims, and we may suffer reputational harm and damage to our brand as a result of such claims or any related publicity. Further, if we fail to comply with applicable privacy and security laws, regulations, policies, and standards; properly protect the integrity and security of our facilities and systems and the data located within them; or defend against cybersecurity attacks; or if our third-party service providers, partners, or vendors fail to do any of the foregoing with respect to data and information assessed, used, stored, or collected on our behalf; or should we fail to prevent future rogue actors from undertaking actions similar to those described above, our reputation and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Examples of certain requirements we face include those with respect to the Health Insurance Portability Act, the California Consumer Privacy Act, the California Privacy Rights Act, the Colorado Privacy Act, the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act, and the General Data Protection Regulation. These laws and regulations are examples of our need to comply with costly and complex requirements at state, federal, and international levels. As these requirements continue to evolve, and expand to additional jurisdictions, we may incur or be required to incur costs or change our business practices in a manner adverse to our business and failure to comply could result in significant penalties that may materially adversely affect our reputation and our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, confidentiality provisions, and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights. We cannot guarantee, however, that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights will be adequate to prevent infringement of our rights or misappropriation of our intellectual property or technology. Adverse events affecting the use of our trademarks could also negatively impact our brands.

In connection with the Commercial Divestiture, we have agreed to provide transitional services to GTCR for a period of up to 24 months and to license our ADT Commercial brand for 12 months. These arrangements allow for the use of our trademarks and certain intellectual property and limited use of the ADT Commercial brand, which may cause us to incur unanticipated costs and liabilities and which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Additionally, during the period covered by the brand license, we have limited control over the use of the ADT brand by GTCR, which may increase the risk of damage to the brand for our remaining businesses, which could negatively impact our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

In addition, if we expand our business outside of the U.S. in the future, effective patent, trademark, copyright, and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in some jurisdictions. Furthermore, our confidentiality agreements with certain of our employees and third parties to protect our intellectual property could be breached or otherwise may not provide meaningful protection for our confidential information, trade secrets, and know-how related to the design, manufacture, or operation of our products and services. In 2021, we initiated certain litigation to protect our intellectual property rights, which has now been resolved. These types of litigation actions may continue for long periods of time, may not be successful, or may result in impairment of certain of our intellectual property rights, and our need to continue to bring claims may be significant and may be indefinite. Any future proceedings on any such matters could be burdensome and costly, and we may not prevail. Further, adequate remedies may not be available in the event of an unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, trade secrets, or know-how. If we fail to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitive position could suffer, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We may be subject to claims of intellectual property infringement by third parties. In particular, as our services have expanded, we have become subject to claims alleging infringement of intellectual property, including litigation brought by special purpose or so-called “non-practicing” entities that focus solely on extracting royalties and settlements by alleging infringement and threatening enforcement of patent rights. These companies typically have little or no business or operations, and there are few effective deterrents available to prevent such companies from filing patent infringement lawsuits against us. Our exposure to intellectual property infringement claims may increase as we continue to build our proprietary platform announced in November 2020 as part of our partnership with Google, as we modify and expand our offerings under our partnership with State Farm, or otherwise modify and expand our existing intellectual property in the future. In addition, we rely on licenses and other arrangements with third parties covering intellectual property related to many of the products and services that we market. Notwithstanding these arrangements, we could be at risk for infringement claims from third parties. Additionally, our patent agreement with Tyco, which generally includes a covenant by Tyco not to bring an action against us alleging that the manufacture, use, or sale of any products or services in existence as of the date of our separation from Tyco infringes any patents owned or controlled by Tyco and used by us on or prior to such date, does not protect us from infringement claims for future product or service expansions. In general, any claims or litigation, even those without merit and regardless of the outcome, could cause us to cease marketing certain services or using certain technologies; obtain licenses from the holders of the intellectual property at a material cost or on unfavorable terms; pay significant ongoing royalty payments, settlements, or licensing fees; satisfy indemnification obligations; or to take other potentially costly or burdensome actions to avoid infringing third-party intellectual property rights. The litigation process is costly and subject to inherent uncertainties, and we may not prevail in litigation matters regardless of the merits of our position. Intellectual property lawsuits or claims may become extremely disruptive if the plaintiffs succeed in blocking the trade of our products and services and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We have been and we may continue to be subject to class action litigation involving alleged violations of privacy, consumer protection laws, employment laws or other matters. In addition, we have previously been subject to securities class actions relating to our IPO, and we may in the future be subject to additional securities litigation that may be lengthy and may result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources. Results cannot be predicted with certainty, and an adverse outcome in such litigation could result in monetary damages or injunctive relief that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In addition, we are currently and may in the future become subject to legal proceedings and commercial or contractual disputes other than class actions. These are typically claims that arise in the normal course of business including, without limitation, commercial general liability claims, automobile liability claims, contractual disputes, worker’s compensation claims, labor law and employment claims, and claims that we infringed on the intellectual property of others. There is a possibility that such claims may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows that is greater than we anticipate and/or negatively affect our reputation.

We rely on telemarketing, email marketing, door-to-door sales, and other marketing channels, including social media conducted internally and through third parties to generate a substantial number of leads for our business, all of which are subject to federal, state and local regulation. Telemarketing and email marketing activities are subject to an increasing amount of regulation in the U.S. Regulations have been issued by the FTC and the FCC that place restrictions on unsolicited telephone calls to residential and wireless telephone customers, whether direct dial or by means of automatic telephone dialing systems, prerecorded, or artificial voice messages and telephone fax machines, and require us to maintain a “do not call” list and to train our personnel to comply with these restrictions. The FTC regulates sales practices generally and email marketing and telemarketing specifically, including through their consent decree on ADT that regulates our use of social media influencers and celebrities, and has broad authority to prohibit a variety of advertising or marketing practices that may constitute “unfair or deceptive acts or practices.” Most of the statutes and regulations in the U.S. applicable to telemarketing and email marketing allow a private right of action for the recovery of damages or provide for enforcement by the FTC and FCC, state attorneys general, or state agencies permitting the recovery of significant civil or criminal penalties, costs and attorneys’ fees if regulations are violated. Although we have developed policies and procedures designed to assist in compliance with these statues, regulations, and consent decree, we can provide no assurance that we, our authorized dealers or other third parties that we rely on for telemarketing, email marketing, and other lead generation activities will be in compliance with all applicable regulations at all times. Although our contractual arrangements with our authorized dealers, affinity marketing partners, and other third parties generally require them to comply with all such regulations and to indemnify us for damages arising from their failure to do so, we can provide no

assurance that the FTC and FCC, private litigants, or others will not attempt to hold us responsible for any unlawful acts conducted by our authorized dealers, affinity marketing partners and other third parties or that we could successfully enforce or collect upon any indemnities. Additionally, certain FCC rulings and FTC enforcement actions may support the legal position that we may be held vicariously liable for the actions of third parties, including any telemarketing violations by our independent, third-party authorized dealers that are performed without our authorization or that are otherwise prohibited by our policies. The FCC, FTC, and state agencies have relied on certain actions to support the notion of vicarious liability, including, but not limited to, the use of our brand or trademark, the authorization or approval of telemarketing scripts, or the sharing of consumer prospect lists. Changes in such regulations or the interpretation thereof that further restrict such activities could result in a material reduction in the number of leads for our business and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our operations and employees are subject to various federal, state, and local laws and regulations in such areas as consumer protection, occupational licensing, environmental protection (including climate change regulations), labor and employment, tax, permitting, and other laws and regulations. Most states in which we operate have company and employee licensing laws directed specifically toward the sale, installation, monitoring, and maintenance of security devices, as well as laws and regulations pertaining to solar systems and energy storage solutions that were part of our business before the ADT Solar Exit. Our business relies heavily upon the use of both wireline and wireless telecommunications to communicate signals, and telecommunications companies are regulated by federal, state, and local governments.

Increased public awareness and concern regarding global climate change may result in more international, regional, and/or federal or other requirements or expectations that could mandate more restrictive or expansive standards than existing regulations. There continues to be a lack of consistent climate legislation, which creates economic and regulatory uncertainty, as well as consumer and investor unease. We or our suppliers may be required to make increased capital expenditures to improve our services or product portfolio to meet new regulations and standards. Further, our customers and the markets we serve may impose environmental standards through regulation, market-based emissions policies, or consumer preference that we may not be able to timely meet due to the required level of capital investment or technological advancement. There can be no assurance that our compliance or our efforts to improve our services or products will be successful, and there can be no assurance that proposed regulation or deregulation will not have a negative competitive impact, or that economic returns will reflect our investments in new product development. If environmental laws or regulations are either changed or adopted and impose significant operational restrictions and compliance requirements upon our business or products, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Federal laws restricting or banning imports of equipment or supplies from specific companies or regions of the world may limit our ability to meet customer demands or to increase prices.

In certain jurisdictions, we are required to obtain licenses or permits to comply with standards governing employee selection and training and to meet certain standards in the conduct of our business. The loss of such licenses or permits or the imposition of conditions to the granting or retention of such licenses or permits could have a material adverse effect on us. Furthermore, in certain jurisdictions, certain security systems must meet fire and building codes to be installed, and it is possible that our current or future products and service offerings will fail to meet such codes, which could require us to make costly modifications to our products and services or to forego operating in certain jurisdictions.

We must also comply with numerous federal, state, and local laws and regulations that govern matters relating to our interactions with residential customers, including those pertaining to privacy and data security, consumer financial and credit transactions, home improvement contracts, warranties, and door-to-door solicitation. These laws and regulations are dynamic and subject to potentially differing interpretations, and various federal, state, and local legislative and regulatory bodies may initiate investigations, expand current laws or regulations, or enact new laws and regulations, regarding these matters. As we expand our product and service offerings and enter into new jurisdictions, we may be subject to more expansive regulation and oversight. In addition, our financing and lending activities subject us to various rules and regulations, such as the U.S. federal Truth in Lending Act and analogous state legislation. Also, as we continue to expand our sales to government entities, we will be subject to additional contracting regulations, disclosure obligations, and various civil and criminal penalties, among other things, in a significant manner that we are not subject to today.

The FTC and certain states have consumer protection laws and regulations governing the manner in which providers of consumer services must manage customer subscriptions, autorenewals, and negative option billing arrangements. In March of 2023, the FTC proposed to consolidate and significantly expand certain federal consumer protections through new rules concerning certain “negative option offers,” whereby a consumer’s silence or failure to take affirmative action to reject a good

or service or to cancel a subscription is interpreted as acceptance or continuing acceptance of an offer. Several states have followed suit and have enacted or have proposed to enact similar regulations concerning autorenewals, cancellation rights and negative option arrangements. ADT sells its services to consumers on a subscription basis. The proposed FTC rule and certain proposed state regulations concerning subscription services may require ADT to provide additional notices to consumers regarding the end of fixed term contract commitments, limit ADT’s ability to market discounted or free trials to new customers and, in some cases, require ADT to seek additional customer consents to continue providing services past the end of minimum contract term commitments, each of which may have a material adverse effect on ADT’s ability to attract and retain customers.

Changes in these laws or regulations or their interpretation could dramatically affect how we do business, acquire customers, and manage and use information we collect from and about current and prospective customers and the costs associated therewith. We strive to comply with all applicable laws and regulations relating to our interactions with all customers. It is possible, however, that these requirements may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other rules or our practices.

Changes in laws or regulations could require us to change the way we operate or to utilize resources to maintain compliance, which could increase costs or otherwise disrupt operations. In addition, failure to comply with any applicable laws or regulations could result in substantial fines or revocation of our operating permits and licenses. If laws and regulations were to change or if we or our products failed to comply with them, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Some local governments impose assessments, fines, penalties, and limitations on either customers or the alarm companies for false alarms. Certain municipalities have adopted ordinances under which both permit and alarm dispatch fees are charged directly to the alarm companies. Our alarm service contracts generally allow us to pass these charges on to customers. If more local governments impose assessments, fines, or penalties for false alarms, or these charges become significant, or we are unable to collect these charges because customers are unwilling or unable to pay them, or our customers terminate or fail to renew their services with us because of these charges, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Generally, if a customer cancels their contract with us prior to the end of the initial contract term, we may charge the customer an early cancellation fee. Consumer protection policies or legal precedents could be proposed or adopted to restrict the charges we can impose upon contract cancellation. Such initiatives could compel us to increase our prices during the initial term of our contracts and consequently lead to less demand for our services and increased customer attrition. Adverse judicial determinations regarding these matters could cause us to incur legal exposure to customers against whom such charges have been imposed and expose us to the risk that certain of our customers may seek to recover such charges through litigation, including class action lawsuits. Any such loss in demand for our services, increase in attrition, or the costs of defending such litigation and enforcement actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our interactive and home automation services are primarily accessed through the Internet and our security monitoring services, including those utilizing video streaming, are increasingly delivered using Internet technologies. Users who access our services through mobile devices, such as smart phones, laptops, and tablet computers must have a high-speed Internet connection, such as broadband, 4G/LTE, or 5G, to use our services. Currently, this access is provided by telecommunications companies and Internet access service providers that have significant and increasing market power in the broadband and Internet access marketplace. In the absence of government regulation, these providers could take measures that affect their customers’ ability to use our products and services, such as degrading the quality of the data packets we transmit over their lines, giving our packets low priority, giving other packets higher priority than ours, blocking our packets entirely, or attempting to charge their customers more for using our products and services. To the extent that Internet service providers implement usage-based pricing, including meaningful bandwidth caps, or otherwise try to monetize access to their networks, we could incur greater operating expenses and customer acquisition and retention could be negatively impacted, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Furthermore, to the extent network operators were to create tiers of Internet access service and either charge us for or prohibit our services from being available to our

customers through these tiers, our business could be negatively impacted. Some of these providers also offer products and services that directly compete with our own offerings, which could potentially give them a competitive advantage.

In March 2015, the FCC released net neutrality rules prohibiting broadband Internet providers from blocking, throttling, or engaging in “paid prioritization” of content or services. These rules were repealed in 2017, and currently neither the U.S. on a federal level nor most other countries have adopted formal net neutrality open Internet rules. Although in response to the elimination of federal protections, a handful of U.S. states have adopted their own versions of net neutrality, this patchwork of state requirements cannot guarantee that all consumers are protected from conduct harmful to Internet openness. In October 2023, the FCC proposed new rules that if adopted as proposed, would reinstate the net neutrality rules and restore broadband internet access service’s classification as a telecommunications service and a commercial mobile service under Title II of the federal Communications Act of 1934, as amended. However, we cannot be certain that these rules will be adopted as proposed, if at all. Absent net neutrality or open Internet rules, Internet providers, some with competing security businesses, could block or throttle ADT signals in a way that impacts our business and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

If a customer or third-party believes that it has suffered harm to person or property due to an actual or alleged act or omission of one of our authorized dealers, independent contractors, employees or others, or due to a security or automation system failure, they (or their insurers) may pursue legal action against us, and the cost of defending the legal action and of any judgment against us could be substantial. In particular, because our products and services are intended to help protect lives and real and personal property, we may have greater exposure to litigation risks than businesses that provide other consumer and small business products and services. In the event of litigation with respect to such matters, it is possible that the risk-mitigation provisions in our standard customer contracts may be deemed not applicable or unenforceable and, regardless of the ultimate outcome, we may incur significant costs of defense that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows, and there can be no assurance that any such defense efforts will be successful.

On May 14, 2010, The ADT Corporation acquired Broadview Security, a business formerly owned by The Brink’s Company. Under the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992, as amended (“Coal Act”), The Brink’s Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries as of July 20, 1992 (including certain legal entities acquired in the Broadview Security acquisition) are jointly and severally liable with certain of The Brink’s Company’s other current and former subsidiaries for health care coverage obligations provided for by the Coal Act. A Voluntary Employees’ Beneficiary Association (“VEBA”) trust has been established by The Brink’s Company to pay for these liabilities, although the trust may have insufficient funds to satisfy all future obligations. We cannot rule out the possibility that certain legal entities acquired in the Broadview Security acquisition may also be liable for other liabilities in connection with The Brink’s Company’s former coal operations. At the time of the separation of Broadview Security from The Brink’s Company in 2008, Broadview Security entered into an agreement pursuant to which The Brink’s Company agreed to indemnify it for any and all liabilities and expenses related to The Brink’s Company’s former coal operations, including any health care coverage obligations. The Brink’s Company has agreed that this indemnification survives The ADT Corporation’s acquisition of Broadview Security. We in turn agreed to indemnify Tyco for such liabilities in our separation from it. If The Brink’s Company and the VEBA are unable to satisfy all such obligations, we could be held liable, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We rely on third-party independent contractors in addition to our existing workforce to perform certain tasks including installation and service of our customer alarm and other systems. From time to time, we are involved in lawsuits and claims that assert that certain independent contractors should be treated as our employees. The state of the law regarding independent contractor status varies from state to state and is subject to change based on court decisions, legislation, and regulation.

For example, in January 2024, the U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) issued a new rule that revises the DOL’s guidance on how to determine who is an employee or independent contractor under the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”). Previously, the law provided five factors to guide the inquiry into a worker’s status as an employee or independent contractor, with two of these factors carrying greater weight in the analysis. The new rule, effective in March 2024, implements a non-exhaustive multi-factor economic reality test where no one factor or subset of factors would be necessarily dispositive and the weight of each factor would depend on the facts and circumstances of the particular case. Also, in a decision issued on June 13, 2023, the

National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB”) overruled its 2019 independent contractor standard which focused on whether workers have “entrepreneurial opportunity,” and returned to a non-exhaustive common law multi-factor analysis that could lead to more workers being found to have been improperly classified as independent contractors. Under the new legal framework, it may be more likely for our independent contractors or our subcontractors to be classified as our employees, resulting in such individuals becoming entitled to the reimbursement of certain expenses, to the benefit of wage-and-hour laws, and to the protections under the National Labor Relations Act including the right to organize for union representation. If such classification was made, we could also be liable for employment and withholding tax and benefits for such individuals, and liable to such individuals for violations of other laws protecting employees. Any such determination could result in a material reduction of the number of subcontractors we can use for our business or significantly increase our costs to serve our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Tariffs imposed on imports from China, where certain components included in our end-user equipment are manufactured, and any counter-measures taken in response to such new tariffs, may harm our business and results of operations. In 2018 and 2019, the U.S. federal government imposed tariffs on certain alarm equipment components manufactured in China, and on other categories of electronic equipment manufactured in China that we install in our customers’ premises, such as batteries and thermostats, as well as imported solar energy equipment. Certain of these tariffs are as high as 25% and such tariffs have increased our costs for such equipment as a result of some or all of such new tariffs being passed on to us by our suppliers. If any or all such costs continue to be passed on to us by our suppliers, we may be required to raise our prices, which could result in the loss of customers and harm our business and results of operations. Alternatively, we may seek to find new sources of end-user products, which may result in higher costs and disruption to our business. In addition, the U.S. federal government’s 2018 National Defense Authorization Act imposed a ban on the use of certain surveillance, telecommunications, and other equipment manufactured by certain of our suppliers based in China, to help protect critical infrastructure and other sites deemed to be sensitive for national security purposes in the U.S. This federal government ban implemented in August 2019, and the ban on use of certain covered equipment by federal contractors implemented in August 2020, has required us to find new sources of end-user products, which has resulted in higher costs and disruption to our business. It is also possible additional tariffs will be imposed on imports of equipment that we install in end-user premises, or that our business will be impacted by retaliatory trade measures taken by China or other countries, causing us to raise our prices or make changes to our business, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In addition, in November 2021, President Biden signed the Secure Equipment Law into effect, and in November 2022, the FCC adopted rules stating that they will no longer review or give licenses to the equipment that makes use of radio frequencies manufactured by companies believed to pose a national security threat, including Huawei, ZTE, Dahua, and Hikvision. This could impact our ability to source products compatible with a customer’s existing system, or make repairs if new, compatible equipment cannot be sourced. In the November 2022 order, the FCC also issued an additional Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in which it asks if existing authorizations should be revoked, and if so, how. If existing authorizations were revoked, it could limit ADT’s ability to maintain and service existing customer equipment. It could also force some customers to replace equipment currently in service. We are also subject to supply chain disruptions should we learn that any one of our suppliers is in violation of legislation such as the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act signed into law in December 2021, which bans the import of goods based on their method of production, such as through the use of forced labor, or otherwise. Any inability to source product, product parts, or other components required by our business in a timely and cost-effective manner could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Demand for our products and services is affected by the general economy, the business environment, and the turnover in the housing market, among other things. Downturns in the general economy, the business environment, and the housing market would reduce opportunities to make sales of our products and services. Downturns in the rate of the sale of new and existing homes, which we believe drives a substantial portion of our new residential customer volume in any given year, and downturns in the rate of commercial property development, which may drive demand for our small business offerings, would reduce opportunities to make new sales and reduce opportunities to take over systems. Recoveries in the housing market increase the occurrence of relocations, which may lead to customers disconnecting service and not contracting with us in their new homes.

The demand for our products and services is also dependent, in part, on national, regional, and local economic conditions, as well as our customers’ level of discretionary income. When our customers’ discretionary income is reduced (such as by higher housing, energy, interest, operating or other costs, or where the actual or perceived wealth of customers has decreased as a result of circumstances such as lower real estate values, increased foreclosure rates, inflation, increased tax rates, or other economic disruptions), we could experience increased attrition rates and reduced customer demand in home automation systems. Where levels of business activity decline, the small business customers could experience increased attrition rates and reduced demand for our offerings. No assurance can be given that we will be able to continue acquiring quality customers or that we will not experience higher attrition rates. Our long-term revenue growth rate primarily depends on installations and new contracts exceeding disconnects. If customer disconnects or defaults increase, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Our business model, in part, relies on customers financing the purchase price of their system through ADT or third-party lenders. Those lenders charge us fees on the principal balance of those loans. Rising interest rates, as we have experienced during recent years and which we may continue to experience, may increase the lenders’ cost of capital and those increased costs will result in an increase in the fees charged to us. In addition, where we have committed to provide financing internally, as interest rates rise, our cost of capital also gets more expensive and we may not be able to pass on such increased costs to our customers. Any increase in those fees or costs will have an adverse impact on our ability to offer attractive pricing to customers, which could negatively impact our sales and profitability, or increase the cost to us upon the sale of our aggregated customer loans. Any such outcome could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

A substantial part of our revenue is derived from the recurring monthly revenue due from customers under alarm monitoring contracts. Therefore, we are dependent on our customers’ ability and willingness to pay amounts due under alarm monitoring contracts in a timely manner. Although customers are contractually obligated to pay amounts due under an alarm monitoring contract and are generally contractually obligated to pay cancellation fees if they prematurely cancel the contract during its initial term (typically between two and five years), customers’ payment obligations are unsecured, which could impair our ability to collect any unpaid amounts from our customers. To the extent customer payment defaults under alarm monitoring contracts are greater than anticipated, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

We have introduced and will continue to explore different commercial terms for our products and services, such as increasing or otherwise changing the amount of up-front payments, providing different financing options, such as retail installment contracts for the amount of up-front payments associated with our transactions, or offering longer or shorter contract term options. These options could increase the credit risks associated with our customers, and the introduction of, or transition to, different options could result in quarterly revenue and expense fluctuations that are significantly greater than our historic patterns. While we intend to manage such credit risk by evaluating the credit quality of customers eligible for our financing options and non-standard term lengths, our efforts to mitigate risk may not be sufficient to prevent an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Some of these customer financing options may be supported by financing arrangements with third parties, including uncommitted receivables securitization financing agreements, which may impose or result in limitations on the products and services we offer that are financed under such arrangements. These limitations may adversely affect our relationships with customers, and may subject us to risk with respect to our ability to generate current levels of cash flow should, for example, such arrangements be terminated. In addition, rising interest rates, as we have experienced during 2022 and 2023 and which we may continue to experience, could increase the financing costs of our products and services substantially. Any such result could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

We also placed a substantial reliance on third party lenders in order to access loan products for our customers in our solar segment. The financial difficulty or insolvency of any such third party lender has and may in the future result in a delay in customer installations, a write-off in accounts receivables, or other negative impacts on the customer experience or our financial condition. In addition, any disruption in our relationship with a third party lender could have an adverse impact on certain customer relationships or result in liability to us. For example, in 2022, a large third party lender notified us that it had entered insolvency proceedings which caused disruptions to our business and lost sales for certain customers who could not secure alternate financing options. Certain third party lenders also have the contractual right to require us to repurchase loans if we fail

to achieve certain contractual milestones with respect to customer installations. If any of our third party lenders invokes such a right, the necessary repurchases could have a material, adverse effect on our cash flow for the quarter in which they occur. Industry trends could also change, for example, by third party lenders more systematically requiring the repurchase of loans, or requiring a guarantee with respect to amounts that such lenders would otherwise require be repurchased, if we fail to achieve the relevant milestones. In February 2023, one of our largest third party lenders of loans advised us that they are implementing such policies effective during the first quarter of 2023, with additional policy changes forthcoming this year, and we are in discussions with them regarding the relevant loan portfolio. We cannot predict the timing or extent to which the broader industry will implement such changes or the related impact on us. Failure to maintain effective customer financing options and satisfactory relationships with third party lenders or the decision by a third party lender to require us to repurchase or guarantee loans could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Offering additional commercial terms and financing options, and transitions between such options, may introduce operational complexity, require the devotion of resources that could otherwise be deployed elsewhere, and may increase market valuation risks due to differences in the financial treatment of different offerings. Such increased offerings or transitions between different offerings or equipment ownership models could also result in customer confusion or dissatisfaction, limit or remove our ability to offer “free device” promotions or other customer satisfaction programs critical for customer acquisition and retention, and may provide competitors with the opportunity to target our existing and potential clients by offering such “free device” promotions, or other customer satisfaction programs that we may be unable to offer. Any of the foregoing could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Under the standard alarm monitoring contract acquisition agreements that we enter into with our dealers, if a customer terminates his or her service with us during the first thirteen months after we have acquired the alarm monitoring contract, the dealer is typically required to substitute with a compatible alarm monitoring contract or compensate us in an amount based on the original acquisition cost of the terminating alarm monitoring contract. We are subject to the risk that dealers will breach these obligations. Although we generally withhold specified amounts from the acquisition cost paid to dealers for alarm monitoring contracts (“holdback”), which may be used to satisfy or offset these and other applicable dealer obligations under the alarm monitoring contract acquisition agreements, there can be no guarantee that these amounts will be sufficient to satisfy or offset the full extent of the default by a dealer of its obligations under its agreement. If the holdback proves insufficient to cover dealer obligations, we are also subject to the credit risk that the dealers may not have sufficient funds to compensate us or that any such dealer will otherwise breach its obligation to compensate us for a terminating alarm monitoring contract. To the extent defaults by dealers of the obligations under their agreements are greater than anticipated, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

As of December 31, 2023, we had a carrying value of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets of approximately $9.8 billion. We review goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually. We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be fully recoverable. Impairment may result from, among other things, deterioration in performance; adverse market conditions; adverse changes in applicable laws or regulations, including changes that restrict our activities or affect the products and services we offer; challenges to the validity of certain registered intellectual property; reduced sales of certain products or services incorporating registered intellectual property; increased attrition; and a variety of other factors. For example, during 2023 and 2022, we recorded cumulative goodwill impairment charges of $712 million related to our Solar reporting unit due to continued deterioration of industry conditions, general macroeconomic decline, underperformance of the reporting unit’s operating results relative to expectations, and, during the third quarter of 2023, our decision to close a significant number of branches and reduce headcount. Following these goodwill impairment charges, the balance of goodwill in the Solar reporting unit is zero. It is possible that we may never realize the full value of our intangible assets. Any future determination of impairment of goodwill or other identifiable intangible assets in our CSB segment could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and Canada, and in various state, territorial, provincial, and local jurisdictions. The amount of income taxes we pay is subject to our interpretation and application of tax laws in jurisdictions in which we file. Changes in current or future laws or regulations, the imposition of new or changed tax laws or regulations, or new related interpretations by taxing authorities in the jurisdictions in which we file could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our future consolidated federal and state income tax liability may be significantly reduced by tax credits and tax net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards available to us under the applicable tax codes. Certain of the entities we have acquired had material NOL carryforwards prior to our acquisition. Our ability to fully utilize these deferred tax assets, however, may be limited for various reasons, including whether projected future taxable income becomes insufficient to recognize the full benefit of our NOL carryforwards prior to their expirations. If a corporation experiences an “ownership change,” Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) provide annual limitations with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its NOL (as well as certain built-in losses) and tax credit carryforwards against future U.S. taxable income. In general, an ownership change may result from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders in the stock of the corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year testing period.

Because our ability to fully utilize the NOL carryforwards of our entities is subject to the limitations under Section 382 of the IRC, it is also possible that future changes in the direct or indirect ownership in our equity might result in additional ownership changes that may trigger the imposition of additional limitations under Section 382 of the IRC with respect to these tax attributes.

In addition, audits by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) as well as state, territorial, provincial, and local tax authorities could reduce our tax attributes and/or subject us to tax liabilities if tax authorities make adverse determinations with respect to our NOL or tax credits carryforwards. Any future disallowance of some or all of our tax credits or NOL carryforwards as a result of legislative change could materially adversely affect our tax obligations. Any increase in taxation or limitation of benefits could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

In connection with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Reform”), a new limitation under IRC Section 163(j) was imposed on the amount of interest expense allowed as a deduction in our tax returns each year. The amounts disallowed each year can be carried forward indefinitely and used in subsequent years if an excess limitation exists. We have begun to accumulate a significant deferred tax asset related to this disallowed interest carryforward. However, there is a risk that we will not recognize the benefit of this deferred tax asset in the foreseeable future due to our annual interest expense exceeding the imposed limitation. We may need to record a valuation allowance against this deferred tax asset in the future as the deferred tax asset grows, which may have a material adverse effect on our future financial condition and results of operations. After the utilization of our NOLs, there is a risk that the interest disallowance may have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

As of December 31, 2023, we had $7.9 billion face value of outstanding indebtedness, excluding finance leases, and we may increase our debt level at any time. Such substantial indebtedness negatively impacts our business because:

In 2023, we used the net proceeds of the Commercial Divestiture and cash on hand to reduce our debt by approximately $2 billion. However, we can provide no assurance that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to service or repay our debt, or that we will have the ability to issue new debt, draw on our revolving credit facility or fund other alternative sources of funds to satisfy our obligations. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Our debt agreements contain, and any future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, a number of covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our and our subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things:

As a result of these covenants, we will continue to be limited in the manner in which we conduct our business, and we may be unable to engage in favorable business activities or finance future operations or capital needs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

A failure to comply with the covenants under our debt agreements or any future indebtedness could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In the event of any such default, the lenders thereunder:

Such actions by the lenders could cause cross-defaults under our other indebtedness. If we are unable to repay those amounts, our secured lenders could proceed against the collateral granted to them to secure that indebtedness.

If any of our outstanding indebtedness were to be accelerated, there can be no assurance that our assets would be sufficient to repay such indebtedness in full.

The market price of our common stock could vary significantly as a result of a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. In the event of a drop in the market price of our common stock, you could lose a substantial part or all of your investment in our common stock. Among others, the following factors could affect our stock price:

The stock markets in general have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock. Securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the overall market and in the market price of a company’s securities. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in very substantial costs, divert our management’s attention and resources, and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Apollo has the power to elect a majority of our directors. Therefore, individuals affiliated with Apollo will have effective control over the outcome of votes on all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including entering into significant corporate transactions such as mergers, tender offers, and the sale of all or substantially all of our assets and issuance of additional debt or equity. The interests of Apollo and its affiliates, including funds affiliated with Apollo, could conflict with or differ from our interests or the interests of our other stockholders. For example, the concentration of ownership held by funds affiliated with Apollo could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control of our company or impede a merger, takeover, or other business combination which may otherwise be favorable for us. Additionally, Apollo and its affiliates are in the business of making investments in companies and may, from time to time, acquire and hold interests in or provide advice to businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us, or are suppliers or customers of ours. Apollo and its affiliates may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business, and as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. Any such investment may increase the potential for the conflicts of interest discussed in this risk factor. So long as funds affiliated with Apollo continue to directly or indirectly own a significant amount of our equity, even if such amount is less than 50%, Apollo and its affiliates will continue to be able to substantially influence or effectively control our ability to enter into corporate transactions. In addition, as long as Apollo beneficially owns a majority of our common stock, Apollo will control all matters requiring stockholder approval including the election of directors or amendments to any certificate of incorporation which would impede the ability to undertake a change in control and otherwise negatively impact our stock price.

Apollo controls a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock, and as a result, we are a controlled company within the meaning of the NYSE corporate governance standards. Under the NYSE rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by another person or group of persons acting together is a controlled company and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirements that:

We use, and intend to continue using, these exemptions as long as we remain a controlled company. Accordingly, stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.

Investors are placing a greater emphasis on non-financial factors, including ESG, when evaluating investment opportunities. In 2022, we released our first publicly-available corporate ESG Report which included a Sustainable Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”) Index report. In our Impact Report and other disclosures, including in various filings with the SEC, we detail our sustainability progress. ESG initiatives and goals may be difficult and expensive to implement and may not advance at a sufficient pace. If we are unable to provide sufficient and accurate disclosures about our ESG practices, or if we fail to establish and achieve the objectives of our ESG program, which could include targets or commitments, consistent with investor, customer, employee, or other stakeholder expectations, we may not be viewed as an attractive investment, service provider, workplace, or business and we may be exposed to potential liability or litigation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In addition, there exists certain “anti-ESG” sentiment among some individuals and government institutions. Given the dynamic nature of ESG standards, expectations and regulations, which may change over time, we may from time to time need to update or otherwise revise our current practices, goals and initiatives, including in response to legislative or legal developments. As we continue to establish our ESG related initiatives, we could face a negative reaction or legislation that impedes our activities or reflects poorly upon the Company, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may make it more difficult for, or prevent a third-party from, acquiring control of us without the approval of our Board of Directors. These provisions include:

Additionally, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in accordance with the statute. An interested stockholder includes a person, individually or together with any other interested stockholder, who within the last three years has owned 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock, or who is our affiliate or associate and owned 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock at any time within the three years immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such person is an interested stockholder. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation includes a provision that, with limited exceptions, restricts us from engaging in any business combination with an interested stockholder for three years following the date that person becomes an interested stockholder. Such restrictions do not apply to any business combination between Apollo or their direct and indirect transferees (as these

terms are defined in the amended and restated certificate of incorporation) and any affiliate thereof, on the one hand, and us, on the other.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or stockholders; (c) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or (d) any action asserting a claim against us or any of our directors or officers governed by the internal affairs doctrine. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation also provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. The exclusive forum provision in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. To the extent that any such claims may be based upon federal law claims, Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to have consented to the provisions described in this paragraph. These provisions may limit a stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of their choosing, which may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers, and other employees.

Funds affiliated with or managed by Apollo and certain other investors in our indirect parent entities (“Co-Investors”) received certain rights, including the right to designate one person to serve as a director (such director, the “Co-Investor Designee”) as long as such Co-Investor’s ownership exceeds a specified threshold. As of the date of this Annual Report, one Co-Investor has the right to designate a Co-Investor Designee. Under our Stockholders Agreement with Prime Security Services TopCo Parent L.P., dated January 23, 2018, as amended, Ultimate Parent has the right, but not the obligation, to nominate the Co-Investor Designee to serve as a member of our Board of Directors. Ultimate Parent’s right to nominate the Co-Investor Designee is in addition to Ultimate Parent’s right to nominate a specified percentage of the directors (“Apollo Designees”) based on the percentage of our outstanding common stock beneficially owned by Apollo.

Under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, none of Apollo, the one Co-Investor that maintains a right to appoint a director, or any of their respective portfolio companies, funds, or other affiliates, or any of their officers, directors, agents, stockholders, members, or partners have any duty to refrain from engaging, directly or indirectly, in the same business activities, similar business activities, or lines of business in which we operate. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, no officer or director of ours who is also an officer, director, employee, managing director, or other affiliate of Apollo or the Co-Investor will be liable to us or our stockholders for breach of any fiduciary duty by reason of the fact that any such individual directs a corporate opportunity to Apollo or the Co-Investor, as applicable, instead of us, or does not communicate information regarding a corporate opportunity to us that the officer, director, employee, managing director, or other affiliate has directed to Apollo or the Co-Investor, as applicable. As of the date of this Annual Report, this provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation relates only to the Apollo Designees and the Co-Investor Designee. There are currently twelve directors of our Company, six of whom are Apollo Designees and one of whom is a Co-Investor Designee. These potential conflicts of interest could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, or prospects if attractive corporate opportunities are allocated by Apollo or the Co-Investor to itself or their respective portfolio companies, funds, or other affiliates instead of to us.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue, without the approval of our stockholders, one or more classes or series of preferred securities having such powers; designations; preferences; limitations; and relative, participating, optional, or other rights, including preferences over our common stock with respect to dividends and other distributions, as our Board of Directors may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred securities could adversely impact the voting power or value of our common stock. For example, we might grant holders of preferred securities the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events or the right to veto specified

transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we might assign to holders of preferred securities could affect the residual value of the common stock.

Our Board of Directors has authorized a share repurchase plan (the “Share Repurchase Plan”), pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase, through late January 2025, up to a maximum aggregate amount of $350 million of shares of the Company's common stock. We cannot guarantee that the Share Repurchase plan will be fully consummated. The Company is not obligated to repurchase any of its shares of common stock, and the timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on legal requirements, market conditions, stock price, the availability of the safe harbor provided by Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act, alternative uses of capital, and other factors. Further, our share repurchases could affect our share trading prices, increase their volatility, reduce our cash reserves and may be suspended or terminated at any time, which may result in a decrease in the trading price of our stock.

None.

We are subject to various claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of business, which include commercial general liability claims, automobile liability claims, contractual disputes, worker’s compensation claims, labor law and employment claims, claims related to alleged alarm system failures, claims that the Company infringed on the intellectual property of others, and consumer and employment class actions. We are also subject to regulatory and governmental examinations, information requests and subpoenas, inquiries, investigations, and threatened legal actions and proceedings. In connection with such formal and informal inquiries, we receive numerous requests, subpoenas, and orders for documents, testimony, and information in connection with various aspects of our activities.

Additional information in response to this Item is included in Note 14 “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and is incorporated by reference into Part I of this Annual Report. Our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are filed as part of this Annual Report under Item 15 “Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules” and are set forth beginning on page F-1 immediately following the signature pages of this Annual Report.

Not Applicable.

We have two classes of common stock outstanding, Common Stock and Class B Common Stock.

As of February 20, 2024, the number of stockholders of record of Common Stock was 242, which does not include the number of stockholders who hold our Common Stock through banks, brokers, and other financial institutions.

The following graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return, calculated on a dividend-reinvested basis, assuming that $100 was invested on the last trading day before the beginning of the fifth preceding fiscal year, in each of the following: (i) our Common Stock; (ii) the Standard & Poor's (“S&P”) 500 Index; and (iii) the S&P North America Consumer Services Index, a peer group. The graph is not, and is not intended to be, indicative of future performance of our Common Stock.

The information contained in this section shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC or incorporated by reference in future filings with the SEC, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under Section 18 of the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.

There were no sales of unregistered equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

We did not receive any proceeds from sales of registered equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

There were no repurchases of any shares of our Common Stock during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

On January 24, 2024, the Company's Board of Director's announced a share repurchase plan (the “Share Repurchase Plan”), pursuant to which the Company is authorized to repurchase, through late January 2025, up to a maximum aggregate amount of $350 million of shares of the Company's common stock under this Share Repurchase Plan.

The Company may effect these repurchases pursuant to one or more open market or private transactions, including pursuant to a plan that qualifies for the affirmative defense provided by Rule 10b5‐1 under the Exchange Act, or pursuant to one or more accelerated share repurchase agreements.

The Company is not obligated to repurchase any of its shares of common stock, and the timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on legal requirements, market conditions, stock price, the availability of the safe harbor provided by Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act, alternative uses of capital, and other factors.

As of the date of this 2023 Annual Report, the Company has not made any repurchases under the Share Repurchase Plan.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report. This section is intended to (i) provide material information relevant to the assessment of our results of operations and cash flows; (ii) enhance the understanding of our financial condition, changes in financial condition, and results of operations; and (iii) discuss material events and uncertainties known to management that are reasonably likely to cause reported financial information not to be necessarily indicative of future performance or of future financial condition.

Included below are year-over-year comparisons between 2023 and 2022. The Company is including a year-over-year comparison between 2022 and 2021, under such headings, for selling, general, and administrative expenses and Adjusted EBITDA, which were impacted by the Commercial Divestiture and classification of the Commercial Business as a discontinued

operation. The classification of the Commercial Business as a discontinued operation did not impact the remaining discussions on results of operations. Such discussions generally included analysis specific to activities within a certain business segment, and therefore, the explanations did not materially change as a result of such classification. For further information on year-over-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021 not impacted by the Commercial Divestiture, refer to Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Amended 2022 Annual Report, which was filed with the SEC on July 27, 2023.

The following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements about our business, operations, and financial performance based on current plans and estimates involving risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, which could differ materially from actual results. Factors that could cause such differences are discussed in the sections of this Annual Report titled Item 1A “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Unless otherwise noted, the discussions below relate to the Company’s continuing operations.

As discussed below, on October 2, 2023, we completed the divestiture of our Commercial Business, which provided security and other solutions to commercial customers; and in January 2024, we announced our plans to exit the residential solar business.

For a more detailed discussion of our business, segments, and basis of presentation, refer to Item 1 “Business” and Note 1 “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 15 “Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules.”

The factors described herein could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and/or key performance indicators.

As of December 31, 2023, we served approximately 6.4 million security monitoring service subscribers. Generally, a significant upfront investment is required to acquire new subscribers, that in turn provide ongoing and predictable recurring revenue. Although the economics of an installation may vary depending on the customer type, acquisition channel, and product offering, we generally achieve revenue break-even in approximately two years.

Our CSB results are impacted by the mix of transactions under a Company-owned equipment model versus a customer-owned equipment model (referred to as outright sales), as there are different accounting treatments applicable to each model, as well as the mix, price, and type of offerings sold (see Note 2 “Revenue and Receivables”). Since March 2021, substantially all new professionally installed CSB transactions have taken place under a Company-owned model. As we continue to build our partnership with Google, introduce new or enhance current offerings, and refine our go-to-market approach, we expect to see a shift toward an increasing proportion of outright sales transactions, which will impact results in future periods when those changes occur. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, an increase in the proportion of ADT self set-up customers, which are considered outright sales and typically have lower monthly recurring fees than our professional installations, but we believe will allow us to grow our subscriber base through access to the fast-growing do-it-yourself (“DIY”) market.

Demand for our offerings may be impacted by the overall economic conditions in the geographies in which we operate, the price and quality of our offerings compared to those of our competitors, as well as changes in competition such as from the acquisition or disposition of similar businesses by us or our competitors. Growth in our CSB segment can be impacted by the

overall state of the housing market, the perceived threat of crime, the occurrence of significant life events such as the birth of a child or opening of a new business, or the availability of financial incentives provided by insurance carriers.

Seasonality and weather-related incidents or natural disasters such as hurricanes and winter storms may impact certain areas in which we operate resulting in power outages and service disruptions to certain of our customers. Depending on the severity and nature of the event, material impacts may occur as a result of these incidents.

We have made significant progress toward increasing the variety of our offerings to accommodate increased consumer interest in automated security and other mobile technology applications due to advancements in technology, younger generations of consumers, and shifts to de-urbanization. Advances in technology are also helping us to improve our offerings and reduce certain costs. For example, our Virtual Assistance Program provides our customers the ability to troubleshoot and resolve certain service issues, as well as other functions, through a live video stream with our skilled technicians. This provides customers with more options for receiving certain services that best fit their lifestyles while reducing our costs and eliminating thousands of vehicle trips each day.

We may experience an increase in costs associated with factors, including but not limited to (i) offering a wider variety of products and services; (ii) providing a greater mix of interactive and smart home solutions; (iii) replacing or upgrading certain system components due to technological advancements, cybersecurity upgrades, or otherwise; (iv) supply chain disruptions; (v) inflationary pressures on costs such as materials, labor, and fuel; and (vi) other changes in prices, interest rates, or terms from our suppliers or vendors, or third party lenders. Changes in interest rates or terms from third-party lenders or our other financing partners are impacted by factors such as increases in the benchmark interest rate or other developments in the financial markets. We aim to continuously evaluate and respond to changes in the above to drive efficiencies and meet customer demands.

As part of our response to changes or pressures in the current macroeconomic environment, we have been evaluating, and continue to evaluate, cost-saving opportunities such as reducing headcount or our physical facilities footprint when appropriate, and reducing non-essential spend. While we have experienced some increase in costs as a result of inflation, we have, for the most part, been able to offset the rising costs through price increases to our customers, as well as cost-saving opportunities.

The Google Commercial Agreement specifies each party shall contribute $150 million toward the joint marketing of devices and services; customer acquisition; employee training; and technology updates. Each party is required to contribute such funds in three equal tranches, subject to the attainment of certain milestones. In August 2022, we amended the Google Commercial Agreement, pursuant to which Google has agreed to commit an additional $150 million to further fund, as mutually agreed to by us and Google, growth, data and insights, product innovation and technology advancements, customer acquisition, and marketing. The additional funds will be contributed in three equal tranches, subject to the attainment of certain milestones.

During 2023, we were reimbursed $40 million for certain joint marketing expenses we incurred.

Additionally, during 2023, we launched our proprietary ADT+ app for our self setup line of DIY smart home security products, including Google Nest offerings. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we began our phased rollout of our ADT+ app for professional installation along with a new interactive and hardware lineup.

Certain changes to U.S. federal tax law included in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 had a delayed effective date until 2022. Under IRC Section 163(j), the limitation on net business interest expense deductions are no longer increased by deductions for depreciation, amortization, or depletion. Under IRC Section 174, specified research and experimentation expenditures are now

capitalized and amortized. These items have resulted in increased taxable income and an acceleration of our net operating loss utilization.

The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets relates to the uncertainty of the utilization of certain U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. In evaluating the Company’s ability to recover its deferred tax assets, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including enacted legislation such as the updates described above, which impact our assessment of whether a valuation allowance is needed.

We believe that our deferred tax asset for disallowed interest under IRC Section 163(j) will continue to grow from its current level. There is currently significant uncertainty in the matters we consider when evaluating our valuation allowance needs. Any material change to our valuation allowance in subsequent periods could materially and adversely impact our operating results.

Beginning in 2023, certain State Farm customers were able to receive ADT home security products and professional monitoring at a reduced cost as part of the partnership between ADT and State Farm. In addition, through this program, ADT has access to certain State Farm customers, which provide opportunities to reach additional markets. As of December 31, 2023, the State Farm partnership operated in 13 states in the U.S. During 2023, we used approximately $9 million of the Opportunity Fund for project initiatives.

Refer to Note 11 “Equity” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

During 2019, we commenced a program to replace the 3G and CDMA cellular equipment used in many of our security systems as a result of the cellular network providers retiring their 3G and CDMA networks by the end of 2022. The program was completed in 2023, and we incurred a total of $276 million net radio conversion costs throughout the program, the majority of which was incurred in 2021.

For those customers who did not transition prior to or have not transitioned since the applicable network sunset, the loss of signal to our security systems and certain services we provide may impact our ability to bill and/or collect from these customers in the future and may impact our attrition. This impact has not been, and is not expected to be, material.

Certain operating metrics are approximated, as there may be variations to reported results due to certain adjustments we might make in connection with the integration over several periods of acquired companies that calculated these metrics differently or periodic reassessments and refinements in the ordinary course of business, including changes due to system conversions or historical methodology differences in legacy systems.

RMR is generated by contractual recurring fees for monitoring and other recurring services provided to our CSB customers, including contracts monitored but not owned.

We use RMR to evaluate our overall sales, installation, and retention performance. Additionally, we believe the presentation of RMR is useful to investors because it measures the volume of revenue under contract at a given point in time, which is a useful measure for forecasting future revenue performance as the majority of our revenue comes from recurring sources.

Gross customer revenue attrition for our CSB segment is defined as RMR lost as a result of customer attrition, net of dealer charge-backs and reinstated customers, excluding contracts monitored but not owned and self-setup/DIY customers. Customer

sites are considered canceled when all services are terminated. Dealer charge-backs represent customer cancellations charged back to the dealers because the customer canceled service during the charge-back period, which is generally thirteen months.

Gross customer revenue attrition is calculated on a trailing twelve-month basis, the numerator of which is the RMR lost during the period due to attrition, net of dealer charge-backs and reinstated customers, and the denominator of which is total annualized RMR based on an average of RMR under contract at the beginning of each month during the period, in each case, excluding contracts monitored but not owned and self-setup/DIY customers.

We use gross customer revenue attrition to evaluate our CSB retention and customer satisfaction performance, as well as evaluate subscriber trends by vintage year. Additionally, we believe the presentation of gross customer revenue attrition is useful to investors as it provides a means to evaluate drivers of customer attrition and the impact of retention initiatives.

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA, a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to income (loss) from continuing operations (the most comparable GAAP measure), and additional information, including a description of the limitations relating to the use of Adjusted EBITDA, are provided under “—Non-GAAP Measures.”

The decrease in SG&A, as compared to the prior period, was primarily due to a decrease in our Solar segment of $123 million.

During 2023 and 2022, we recorded goodwill impairment charges of $511 million and $201 million, respectively, associated with our Solar reporting unit. Following the impairments during 2023, the balance of goodwill in the Solar reporting unit was zero. Refer to Note 7 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” and the section “—Critical Accounting Estimates” below for further discussion.

During 2023, other income (expense) primarily included income from the Commercial TSA.

During 2022, other income (expense) primarily included a net loss of $63 million in connection with the Tender Offer as a result of the change in fair value of the Forward Contract.

The increase in SG&A, as compared to the prior period, was primarily driven by incremental expenses of $296 million as a result of the ADT Solar Acquisition in December 2021.

The decrease in CSB, as compared to the prior period, primarily included:

To provide investors with additional information in connection with our results as determined in accordance with GAAP, we disclose Adjusted EBITDA as a non-GAAP measure. This measure is not a financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP, and it should not be considered as a substitute for net income, operating income, or any other measure calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors to measure the operational strength and performance of our business. We believe the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA is useful as it provides investors additional information about our operating profitability adjusted for certain non-cash items, non-routine items we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future, as well as other items not core to our operations. Further, we believe Adjusted EBITDA provides a meaningful measure of operating profitability because we use it for evaluating our business performance, making budgeting decisions, and comparing our performance against other peer companies using similar measures.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as income (loss) from continuing operations adjusted for (i) interest; (ii) taxes; (iii) depreciation and amortization, including depreciation of subscriber system assets and other fixed assets and amortization of dealer and other intangible assets; (iv) amortization of deferred costs and deferred revenue associated with subscriber acquisitions; (v) share-based compensation expense; (vi) merger, restructuring, integration, and other; (vii) losses on extinguishment of debt; (viii) radio conversion costs, net; (ix) adjustments related to acquisitions, such as contingent consideration and purchase accounting

adjustments, or dispositions; (x) impairment charges; and (xi) other income/gain or expense/loss items such as changes in fair value of certain financial instruments or financing and consent fees.

There are material limitations to using Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA does not take into account certain significant items, including depreciation and amortization, interest, taxes, and other adjustments which directly affect our income (loss) from continuing operations. These limitations are best addressed by considering the economic effects of the excluded items independently and by considering Adjusted EBITDA in conjunction with income (loss) from continuing operations as calculated in accordance with GAAP.

The table below reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to income (loss) from continuing operations:

The increase was primarily due to:

The decrease was primarily due to:

The increase was primarily due to:

Liquidity and capital resources, along with our outstanding debt, primarily consist of the following:

We expect our ongoing sources of liquidity to include cash generated from operations, borrowings under our first lien revolving credit facility (the “First Lien Revolving Credit Facility”) and the 2020 Receivables Facility, and the issuance of equity and/or debt securities as appropriate given market conditions. Our future cash needs are expected to include cash for operating activities, working capital, capital expenditures, principal and interest payments on our debt, expected dividend payments to our stockholders, potential share repurchases under our Share Repurchase Plan, and strategic investments.

Our principal liquidity requirements are to finance current operations, invest in acquiring and retaining customers, purchase property and equipment, service our debt, invest in our information technology infrastructure, and return money to shareholders through dividends.

Our liquidity requirements are primarily funded by our cash flows from operations, which include cash received from customers related to monthly recurring revenue from providing monitoring and other services, as well as cash from the sale and installation of our security and, prior to the exit from our solar business, solar systems (including cash received from third-party lenders who provide loan products for customers), less cash costs to provide services to our customers, general and administrative costs, certain costs associated with acquiring new customers, and interest payments.

We are a highly leveraged company with significant debt service requirements and have both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. As of December 31, 2023, our next debt maturity will occur in April 2024 with respect to the remaining outstanding balance of $100 million of our First Lien Notes due 2024.

We may periodically seek to repay, redeem, repurchase, or refinance our indebtedness, or seek to retire or purchase our outstanding securities through cash purchases in the open market, privately negotiated transactions, a 10b5-1 repurchase plan, or otherwise, and any such transactions may involve material amounts. Cash outflows for interest payments are not consistent between quarters, with larger outflows occurring in the first and third quarters, and may vary as a result of our variable rate debt.

We are closely monitoring the impact of recent inflationary pressures and changes in interest rates on our cash position. However, we believe our cash position, borrowing capacity available under our First Lien Revolving Credit Facility and 2020 Receivables Facility, and cash provided by operating activities are, and will continue to be, adequate to meet our operational and business needs in the next twelve months, as well as our long-term liquidity needs.

In addition, in 2023, we entered into a Receivables Financing Agreement with Mizuho Bank, Ltd. (the “Solar Receivables Financing Agreement”) to finance receivables generated by the installation of residential solar systems. The Solar Receivables Financing Agreement, among other things, provides for an uncommitted revolving loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $300 million, which loans are secured by substantially all the assets of ADT Solar Finance (the “Solar Receivables Facility”). As of December 31, 2023, we have not borrowed any amounts under the Solar Receivables Facility, and given the decision to exit the residential solar business, we do not expect to borrow any amounts under the Solar Receivables Facility. The Solar Receivables Facility’s uncommitted revolving period will expire in August 2024, unless terminated beforehand.

Our cash requirements within the next twelve months primarily include current maturities and interest on our long-term debt and leases, accounts payable and other current liabilities, purchase commitments and other obligations entered into in the ordinary course of business, and dividends on our common stock.

As of December 31, 2023, our significant short-term and long-term cash requirements, excluding cash required for operations, under our various contractual obligations and commitments primarily included:

The following table is a summary of our cash flow activity for the periods presented:

The discussion below includes cash flows from both continuing operations and discontinued operations consistent with the presentation on the Statements of Cash Flows.

The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities for 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily due to:

The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities also includes negative impacts from the solar business. The remainder of the activity related to changes in assets and liabilities due to the volume and timing of other operating cash receipts and payments with respect to when the transactions are reflected in earnings.

The change in net cash from investing activities for 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily due to:

The increase in net cash used in financing activities for 2023 compared to 2022 was primarily due to:

Net cash used in financing activities during 2022 also included the $1.2 billion issuance of State Farm shares and corresponding repurchase of $1.2 billion related to the Tender Shares.

The 6.250% second-priority senior secured notes due 2028 (the “Second Lien Notes due 2028”) are due at maturity and may be redeemed at our option, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 103.125% of the principal amount of the Second Lien Notes due 2028 redeemed and accrued and unpaid interest as of, but excluding, the redemption date. The redemption price decreased to 101.563% on or after January 15, 2024 and decreases to 100% on or after January 15, 2025.

The 3.375% first-priority senior secured notes due 2027 (the “First Lien Notes due 2027”) are due at maturity and may be redeemed at our option as follows:

The 4.125% first-priority senior secured notes due 2029 (the “First Lien Notes due 2029”) are due at maturity and may be redeemed at our option as follows:

Additionally, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, we may be required to purchase the First Lien Notes due 2029 at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the purchase date.

The indenture governing the First Lien Notes due 2029 also provides for customary events of default.

Additionally, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, the Company must offer to repurchase the ADT Notes at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the purchase date.

The 2020 Receivables Facility allows us to obtain financing by selling or contributing certain retail installment contract receivables to our wholly-owned consolidated bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (“SPE”). The SPE grants a security interest in those retail installment contract receivables as collateral for cash borrowings under the 2020 Receivables Facility. The SPE borrower under the 2020 Receivables facility is a separate legal entity with its own creditors who will be entitled, prior to and upon the liquidation of the SPE, to be satisfied out of the SPE’s assets prior to any assets of the SPE becoming available to us (other than the SPE). Accordingly, the assets of the SPE are not available to pay our creditors (other than the SPE), although collections from the transferred retail installment contract receivables in excess of amounts required to repay amounts then due and payable to the SPE’s creditors may be released to us and subsequently used by us (including to pay other

creditors). The SPE’s creditors under the 2020 Receivables Facility have legal recourse to the transferred retail installment contract receivables owned by the SPE, and to us for certain performance and operational obligations relating to the 2020 Receivables Facility, but do not have any recourse to us (other than the SPE) for the payment of principal and interest on the advances under the 2020 Receivables Facility.

Below is a summary of significant amendments to the 2020 Receivables Facility since 2022:

We service the transferred retail installment contract receivables and are responsible for ensuring related collections are remitted to a segregated account in the SPE’s name. On a monthly basis, the segregated bank account is utilized to make required principal, interest, and other payments due under the 2020 Receivables Facility. The segregated account is considered restricted cash in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Proceeds and repayments under the 2020 Receivables Facility since 2022 were as follows:

As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all financial covenant and other maintenance tests for all our debt obligations, and we do not believe there is a material risk of future noncompliance with our financial covenant and other maintenance tests.

The following discussion includes estimates prepared in accordance with GAAP that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations, and are based on, among other things, estimates, assumptions, and judgments made by management that include inherent risks and uncertainties. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances.

We generate revenue through contractual monthly recurring fees received for monitoring and related services provided to customers as well as the sale and installation of security and solar systems. We allocate transaction price to each performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price, which is determined using observable internal and external pricing, profitability, and certain operational metrics.

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets (as discussed below) are not amortized and are tested for impairment at least annually as of the first day of the fourth quarter of each year and more often if an event occurs or circumstances change which indicate it is more-likely-than-not that fair value is less than carrying amount. Under a qualitative approach, we assess whether it is more-likely-than-not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. Under a quantitative approach, we estimate the fair value of a reporting unit and compare it to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

These impairments were a result of continued deterioration of industry conditions and macroeconomic decline as well as ADT Solar’s underperformance of operating results in successive quarters relative to expectations, and during the third quarter of 2023, as a result of the Company’s then recent plan to close a significant number of branches that operated the Solar business along with the associated headcount reductions.

customer relationships acquired in business combinations that originated from the Formation Transactions and the ADT Acquisition were fully amortized during 2023.

During 2023, 2022, and 2021, other definite-lived intangible assets acquired in business acquisitions were not material, and we have not recorded any material measurement period adjustments to purchase price allocations.

We recognize positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return in the consolidated financial statements when it is more-likely-than-not (i.e., a likelihood of more than 50%) that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. A recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit with greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We record liabilities for positions that have been taken but do not meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold. We adjust the liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits in light of changing facts and circumstances; however, due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a change to the estimated liabilities, along with impacts to the effective tax rate and cash tax.

Refer to Note 1 “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 15 for further discussion about recent accounting pronouncements.

Our operations expose us to a variety of market risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates as we have both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. We monitor and manage these financial exposures as an integral part of our overall risk management program. Our policies allow for the use of specified financial instruments for hedging purposes only. The use of derivatives for speculation purposes is prohibited.

We manage interest rate exposure on our variable-rate debt through interest rate swap contracts. As of December 31, 2023, the principal balance of our debt, excluding finance leases, that was subject to a variable-rate was approximately 0% (including the impact of interest rate swaps) and approximately 30% (excluding the impact of interest rate swaps) of the total carrying amount of our debt.

As of December 31, 2023, we are no longer subject to a SOFR-based floor. If current SOFR increases or decreases, the increase or decrease in our debt service obligations on the majority of our variable rate indebtedness will be materially neutralized as our interest rate swaps hedge any increase or decrease in current SOFR.

As of December 31, 2022, certain of our variable-rate debt instruments were subject to a SOFR-based floor on interest payments of 0.75%, while our interest rate swap contracts were not subject to the same floor.

The impact of a hypothetical 10% change in interest rates on the fair value of our long-term debt (excluding finance leases) and interest rate swap contracts would be:

The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, our consolidated financial statements, and the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements that are filed as part of this Annual Report are listed under Item 15 “Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules” and are set forth beginning on page F-1 immediately following the signature pages of this Annual Report.

None.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of December 31, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears in Part IV of this Annual Report.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in our management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the three months ended December 31, 2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

During 2023, ADT began a multi-year IT transformation project by which we will be migrating much of ADT’s infrastructure to the cloud. The initiative includes certain aspects of our customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning systems and will result in changes to our processes and procedures which, in turn, will result in changes to our internal control over financial reporting. To date, the transformation efforts have not materially affected our internal control over financial reporting.

Not Applicable.

The information required by this Item 10 “Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance” is incorporated herein by reference from our Proxy Statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after our fiscal year end of December 31, 2023.

The information required by this Item 11 “Executive Compensation” is incorporated herein by reference from our Proxy Statement.

The information required by this Item 12 “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters,” other than as set forth below as required by Item 201(d) and Item 403(c) of Regulation S-K, is incorporated herein by reference from our Proxy Statement.

As of October 3, 2019, certain investment funds directly or indirectly managed by Apollo (the “Apollo Funds”), the Company’s controlling stockholder, informed the Company that they have pledged all of their shares of the Company’s Common Stock, which as of the date of this Annual Report amounted to 498,300,366 shares, pursuant to a margin loan agreement and related documentation, as thereafter amended from time to time, on a non-recourse basis. Apollo has informed the Company that the loan to value ratio of the margin loan on February 20, 2024 was equal to approximately 36.85%. Apollo has also informed the Company that the margin loan agreement contains customary default provisions and that in the event of a default under the margin loan agreement the secured parties may foreclose upon any and all shares of the Company’s Common Stock pledged to them.

Certain members of the Company’s executive team and certain employees of the Company were entitled to receive their share of the margin loan proceeds (based on their share ownership of the Apollo Funds) at such times as Apollo received its proceeds. Such persons had the option to either (a) receive such proceeds as distributed or (b) to defer receipt of such proceeds until their attributable share of the obligations under the margin loan have been satisfied in full. In the case of elections to receive such proceeds as distributed, such proceeds remain subject to recall until such time as all obligations under the margin loan agreement and related documentation are satisfied in full.

The Company has not independently verified the foregoing disclosure. When the margin loan agreement was entered into, and as requested when amended, the Company delivered customary letter agreements to the secured parties in which it has, among other things, agreed, subject to applicable law and stock exchange rules, not to take any actions that are intended to hinder or delay the exercise of any remedies by the secured parties under the margin loan agreement and related documentation, as amended. Except for the foregoing, the Company is not a party to the margin loan agreement and related documentation and does not have, and will not have, any obligations thereunder.

The information required by this Item 13 “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence” is incorporated herein by reference from our Proxy Statement.

The information required by this Item 14 “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” is incorporated herein by reference from our Proxy Statement.

All financial statement schedules called for under Regulation S‑X are omitted because either they are not required under the related instructions, are included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K, or are not material.

The exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed/furnished or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The information required by this Item is set forth on the exhibit index below.