| Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Business nVent Electric plc ("nVent," "we," "us," "our" or the "Company") is a leading global provider of electrical connection and protection solutions. The Company is comprised of three reporting segments: Enclosures, Thermal Management and Electrical & Fastening Solutions. The Company was incorporated in Ireland on May 30, 2017. Although our jurisdiction of organization is Ireland, we manage our affairs so that we are centrally managed and controlled in the United Kingdom (the "U.K.") and have tax residency in the U.K. Separation from Pentair On April 30, 2018, Pentair plc ("Pentair" or "former Parent") completed the separation of its Water business and its Electrical business into two independent, publicly-traded companies (the "separation"). To effect the separation, Pentair distributed to its shareholders one ordinary share of nVent for every ordinary share of Pentair held as of the record date of April 17, 2018. As a result of the distribution, nVent is now an independent publicly-traded company and began "regular way" trading under the symbol "NVT" on the New York Stock Exchange on May 1, 2018. Except where indicated, references below to transactions completed by nVent prior to April 30, 2018 refer to transactions completed by or on behalf of the Electrical reporting segment of the former Parent that are reflected on the consolidated and combined financial statements of nVent. Basis of presentation The consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared in U.S. dollars ("USD") and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The financial statements for periods prior to April 30, 2018 were prepared on a stand-alone basis derived from the consolidated financial statements and records of the former Parent as if nVent were operated on a stand-alone basis. Cost allocations For periods prior to the separation, the consolidated and combined financial statements of nVent include general corporate expenses of the former Parent for certain support functions that were provided on a centralized basis, such as expenses related to executive management, finance, audit, legal, information technology, human resources, communications, facilities and employee benefits and compensation. These general corporate expenses are included in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income within Selling, general and administrative expense and Other expense . The amounts allocated were $42.5 million and $65.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of which $10.3 million and $31.0 million , respectively, were historically recorded to the Electrical segment in the former Parent’s consolidated financial statements. These expenses were allocated to nVent on the basis of direct usage when identifiable, with the remainder allocated based on a proportional basis of net sales, headcount or other measures. The Company considers the allocation methodology regarding general corporate expenses of the former Parent to be reasonable for all periods presented. Nevertheless, the consolidated and combined financial statements of nVent for periods prior to the separation may not reflect the actual expenses that would have been incurred and may not reflect nVent’s consolidated and combined results of operations, financial position and cash flows had it been a stand-alone company during the periods presented. Actual costs for periods prior to the separation that would have been incurred if nVent had been a stand-alone company would depend on multiple factors including organization structure, capital structure and strategic decisions made in various areas, including information technology and infrastructure. Transactions between nVent and the former Parent have been included in related party transactions in these consolidated and combined financial statements and were considered to be effectively settled at the time the transaction was recorded. The total net effect of the settlement of these transactions is reflected in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows as a financing activity. For periods prior to the separation, certain nVent operations were included in the former Parent's U.S. federal and state income tax returns and substantially all income taxes on those operations have been paid by the former Parent. Income tax expense and other income tax related information contained in these consolidated and combined financial statements for periods prior to the separation are presented on a separate return approach as if nVent filed its own tax returns. Under this approach, the provision for income taxes represented income tax paid or payable (or received or receivable) for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year calculated as if nVent was a stand-alone taxpayer filing hypothetical income tax returns where applicable. Current income tax liabilities were assumed to be immediately settled with the former Parent and relieved through the Net Parent investment account and the Net transfers to former Parent in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows. Fiscal year Our fiscal year ends on December 31. We report our interim quarterly periods on a calendar quarter basis. Use of estimates The preparation of our consolidated and combined financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated and combined financial statements and accompanying notes, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include our accounting for valuation of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets, estimated losses on accounts receivable, estimated realizable value on excess and obsolete inventory, percentage of completion revenue recognition, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in acquisitions, contingent liabilities, income taxes and pension and other post-retirement benefits. Actual results could differ from our estimates. Revenue recognition Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring those goods or providing services. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. When determining whether the customer has obtained control of the goods or services, we consider any future performance obligations. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in Accounting Standards Codification 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Generally, there is no post-shipment obligation on product sold other than warranty obligations in the normal and ordinary course of business. Contract transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts and, therefore, not distinct. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, stand-alone selling price is generally readily observable. Our performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time or over time as work progresses. Revenue from products and services transferred to customers at a point in time accounted for 73% and 72% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 , respectively. Revenue on these contracts is recognized when obligations under the terms of the contract with our customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control upon shipment. Revenue from products and services transferred to customers over time accounted for 27% and 28% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 , respectively. For the majority of our revenue recognized over time, we use an input measure to determine progress towards completion. Under this method, sales and gross profit are recognized as work is performed generally based on the relationship between the actual costs incurred and the total estimated costs at completion ("the cost-to-cost method") or based on efforts for measuring progress towards completion in situations in which this approach is more representative of the progress on the contract than the cost-to-cost method. Contract costs include labor, material, overhead and, when appropriate, general and administrative expenses. Changes to the original estimates may be required during the life of the contract and such estimates are reviewed on a regular basis. Sales and gross profit are adjusted using the cumulative catch-up method for revisions in estimated total contract costs. These reviews have not resulted in adjustments that were significant to our results of operations. For performance obligations related to long-term contracts, when estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance obligation exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation is recognized in the period the loss is determined. We use an output method to measure progress towards completion for certain of our Enclosures businesses, as this method appropriately depicts performance towards satisfaction of the performance obligation. Under the output method, revenue is recognized based on number of units produced. We apply a practical expedient to expense incremental costs of obtaining a contract when incurred because the amortization period would be less than one year. These costs primarily relate to sales commissions and are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Further, we do not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if we expect, at contract inception, that the period between when we transfer a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be less than one year. Sales returns The right of return may exist explicitly or implicitly with our customers. Our return policy allows for customer returns only upon our authorization. Goods returned must be product we continue to market and must be in salable condition. When the right of return exists, we adjust the transaction price for the estimated effect of returns. We estimate the expected returns based on historical sales levels, the timing and magnitude of historical sales return levels as a percent of sales, type of product, type of customer and a projection of this experience into the future. Pricing and sales incentives Our sales contracts may give customers the option to purchase additional goods or services priced at a discount. This can come in many forms, such as customer programs and incentive offerings including pricing arrangements, promotions and other volume-based incentives. We reduce the transaction price for certain customer programs and incentive offerings including pricing arrangements, promotions and other volume-based incentives that represent variable consideration. Sales incentives given to our customers are recorded using either the expected value method or most likely amount approach for estimating the amount of consideration to which nVent shall be entitled. The expected value is the sum of probability-weighted amounts in a range of possible consideration amounts. An expected value is an appropriate estimate of the amount of variable consideration when there are a large number of contracts with similar characteristics. The most likely amount is the single most likely amount in a range of possible consideration amounts (that is, the single most likely outcome of the contract). The most likely amount is an appropriate estimate of the amount of variable consideration if the contract has limited possible outcomes (for example, an entity either achieves a performance bonus or does not). Pricing is established at or prior to the time of sale with our customers and we record sales at the agreed-upon net selling price. However, certain of our businesses allow customers to apply for a refund of a percentage of the original purchase price if they can demonstrate sales to a qualifying end customer. We use the expected value method to estimate the anticipated refund to be paid based on historical experience and the transaction price is reduced for the probable cost of the discount. Volume-based incentives involve rebates that are negotiated at or prior to the time of sale with the customer and are redeemable only if the customer achieves a specified cumulative level of sales or sales increase. Under these incentive programs, at the time of sale, we estimate the anticipated rebate to be paid based on forecasted sales levels. These forecasts are updated at least quarterly for each customer and the transaction price is reduced for the anticipated cost of the rebate. If the forecasted sales for a customer changes, the accrual for rebates is adjusted to reflect the new amount of rebates expected to be earned by the customer. Shipping and handling costs Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling activities after the customer obtains control are treated as a promised service performance obligation and recorded in Net sales in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Shipping and handling costs incurred by nVent for the delivery of goods to customers are considered a cost to fulfill the contract and are included in Cost of goods sold in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Contract assets and liabilities Contract assets consist of unbilled amounts resulting from sales under long-term contracts when the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition is utilized and revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer, such as when the customer retains a small portion of the contract price until completion of the contract. We typically receive interim payments on sales under long-term contracts as work progresses, although for some contracts, we may be entitled to receive an advance payment. Contract liabilities consist of advanced payments and billings in excess of costs incurred and deferred revenue. Contract assets are recorded within Other current assets and contract liabilities are recorded within Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Research and development We conduct research and development (“R&D”) activities in our own facilities, which consist primarily of the development of new products, product applications and manufacturing processes. Cash equivalents We consider highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Trade receivables and concentration of credit risk We record an allowance for doubtful accounts, reducing our receivables balance to an amount we estimate is collectible from our customers. Estimates used in determining the allowance for doubtful accounts are based on current trends, aging of accounts receivable, periodic credit evaluations of our customers' financial condition and historical collection experience. We generally do not require collateral. No customer receivable balances exceeded 10% of total net receivable balances as of December 31, 2019 or 2018 . Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with substantially all inventories recorded using the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") cost method. Property, plant and equipment, net Property, plant and equipment is stated at historical cost. We compute depreciation by the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives: Years Land improvements 5 to 20 Buildings and leasehold improvements 5 to 50 Machinery and equipment 3 to 15 Significant improvements that add to productive capacity or extend the lives of properties are capitalized. Costs for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. When property is retired or otherwise disposed of, the recorded cost of the assets and their related accumulated depreciation are removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheets and any related gains or losses are included in income. We review the recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used, such as property, plant and equipment, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. Impairment losses on long-lived assets held for sale are determined in a similar manner, except that fair values are reduced for the cost to dispose of the assets. The measurement of impairment requires us to estimate future cash flows and the fair value of long-lived assets. We recorded no material impairment charges in 2019 , 2018 or 2017 . The following table presents geographic Property, plant and equipment, net by region as of December 31: In millions 2019 2018 U.S. & Canada $ 160.7 $ 159.6 Mexico 42.1 39.7 EMEA (1) 75.0 58.1 Rest of World (2) 6.7 7.4 Consolidated $ 284.5 $ 264.8 (1) EMEA includes Europe, Middle East and Africa (2) Rest of World includes Latin America and Asia-Pacific Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquired businesses over the net of the fair value of identifiable tangible net assets and identifiable intangible assets purchased and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment and is tested for impairment more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The impairment test is performed using a two-step process. In the first step, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared with the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying amount of the reporting unit there is an indication that goodwill impairment exists and a second step must be completed in order to determine the amount of the goodwill impairment, if any, which should be recorded. In the second step, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation. The fair value of each reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis and market approach. Projecting discounted future cash flows requires us to make significant estimates regarding future revenues and expenses, projected capital expenditures, changes in working capital and the appropriate discount rate. Use of the market approach consists of comparisons to comparable publicly-traded companies that are similar in size and industry. Actual results may differ from those used in our valuations. The non-recurring fair value measurement is a Level 3 measurement under the fair value hierarchy described below. In developing our discounted cash flow analysis, assumptions about future revenues and expenses, capital expenditures and changes in working capital are based on our annual operating plan and long-term business plan for each of our reporting units. These plans take into consideration numerous factors including historical experience, anticipated future economic conditions, changes in raw material prices and growth expectations for the industries and end markets we participate in. In estimating fair value using the market approach, we identify a group of comparable publicly-traded companies for each reporting unit that are similar in terms of size and product offering. These groups of comparable companies are used to develop multiples based on total market-based invested capital as a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). We determine our estimated values by applying these comparable EBITDA multiples to the operating results of our reporting units. The ultimate fair value of each reporting unit is determined considering the results of both valuation methods. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment losses in 2019, 2018, or 2017. Identifiable intangible assets Our primary identifiable intangible assets include customer relationships, trade names, proprietary technologies and patents. Identifiable intangibles with definite lives are amortized and those identifiable intangibles with indefinite lives are not amortized. Identifiable intangible assets that are subject to amortization are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Identifiable intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events warrant. We complete our annual impairment test during the fourth quarter each year for those identifiable assets not subject to amortization. The impairment test for trade names consists of a comparison of the fair value of the trade name with its carrying value. Fair value is measured using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes the trade name has value to the extent that the owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received from them. This method requires us to estimate the future revenue for the related brands, the appropriate royalty rate and the weighted average cost of capital. The non-recurring fair value measurement is a Level 3 measurement under the fair value hierarchy described below. There were no impairment charges recorded in 2019 or 2018 for identifiable intangible assets. During 2017, an impairment charge of $16.4 million was recorded related to certain trade names in Electrical & Fastening Solutions and Thermal Management. The impairment charge was recorded in Selling, general and administrative expense in our Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Income taxes We use the asset and liability approach to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. We maintain valuation allowances unless it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in our tax provision in the period of change. We recognize the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. Pension and other post-retirement plans We sponsor defined-benefit pension plans and a post-retirement health plan. The pension and other post-retirement benefit costs for these plans are determined from actuarial assumptions and methodologies, including discount rates and expected returns on plan assets. These assumptions are updated annually and are disclosed in Note 12. For periods prior to the separation, certain nVent employees participated in defined benefit pension plans and post-retirement health plans sponsored by the former Parent. For purposes of these consolidated and combined financial statements, nVent accounted for these plans as multi-employer benefit plans. Accordingly, nVent did not record an asset or liability to recognize the funded status of these plans. However, nVent did record its share of the allocated expense, including net actuarial gains or losses described below. We recognize changes in the fair value of plan assets and net actuarial gains or losses for pension and other post-retirement benefits annually in the fourth quarter each year (“mark-to-market adjustment”) and, if applicable, in any quarter in which an interim remeasurement is triggered. Net actuarial gains and losses occur when the actual experience differs from any of the various assumptions used to value our pension and other post-retirement plans or when assumptions change, as they may each year. The remaining components of pension expense, including service and interest costs and estimated return on plan assets, are recorded on a quarterly basis. Earnings per ordinary share Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding including the dilutive effects of ordinary share equivalents. Derivative financial instruments We recognize all derivatives, including those embedded in other contracts, as either assets or liabilities at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. If the derivative is designated and is effective as a cash-flow hedge, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI") as a separate component of equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are recognized in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income when the hedged item affects earnings. For a derivative that is not designated as or does not qualify as a hedge, changes in fair value are reported in earnings immediately. Gains and losses on net investment hedges are included in AOCI as a separate component of equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We use derivative instruments for the purpose of hedging interest rate and currency exposures, which exist as part of ongoing business operations. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. All other contracts that contain provisions meeting the definition of a derivative also meet the requirements for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. Our policy is not to enter into contracts with terms that cannot be designated as normal purchases or sales. From time to time, we may enter into short duration foreign currency contracts to hedge foreign currency risks. Fair value measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date: Level 1: Valuation is based on observable inputs such as quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2: Valuation is based on inputs such as quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3: Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement. In making fair value measurements, observable market data must be used when available. When inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Foreign currency translation The financial statements of subsidiaries located outside of the U.S. are generally measured using the local currency as the functional currency, except for certain corporate entities outside of the U.S. which are measured using USD. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at average monthly rates of exchange. The resultant translation adjustments are included in AOCI as a separate component of equity. Adoption of new accounting standards On January 1, 2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, “Leases” using the alternative transition method and did not recast comparative periods in transition to the new standard. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which among other things, allowed us to carry forward the historical lease classification. We also elected to apply the practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from the lease components for all leases. Accordingly, all costs associated with a lease contract are accounted for as lease cost. In addition, we did not elect to apply the hindsight practical expedient. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of additional right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $44.2 million , as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income or our Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows. We implemented internal controls and key system functionality to enable the preparation of financial information upon adoption. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" and the related amendments (the "new revenue standard") using the modified retrospective method. As a result of adoption, the cumulative impact to our beginning equity at January 1, 2018 was $1.8 million . The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We expect the impact of the adoption of the new standard to be immaterial to our net income on an ongoing basis. The adoption of the new standard had an impact on our accounting for certain custom products manufactured by our Enclosures segment. Prior to the adoption of the standard revenue was recognized for these custom products upon shipment. However, as these products have no alternative use to the Company and we have an enforceable right to payment for our performance completed to date, revenue related to these custom products are now recognized over time. Additionally, the new revenue standard resulted in reclassifications on the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to accounting for sales returns. The impact of adoption of the new revenue standard on our Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income and Consolidated Balance Sheets was not material. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU No. 2017-07, "Retirement Benefits-Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost." As a result of the adoption, the interest cost, expected return on plan assets and net actuarial gain/loss components of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit cost have been reclassified from S elling, general and administrative expense to Other expense . Only the service cost component remains in Operating income and will be eligible for capitalization in assets on a prospective basis. The effect of the retrospective presentation change related to the net periodic cost of our defined benefit pension and other post-retirement plans on our Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive |
