Registered investment companies are required to value portfolio investments using an unadjusted, readily available market quotation. The Fund obtains
readily available market quotations from independent pricing services. Fund investments for which readily available market quotations are not available
are priced at fair value pursuant to the Fund's Valuation Procedures. The Board of Trustees has approved a valuation designee who is subject to the
Board's oversight.
Unadjusted readily available market quotations that are utilized for exchange traded equity securities (including shares of closed-end investment
companies and exchange-traded funds) include the last sale price quoted on the exchange where the security is traded most extensively. Shares of open-
end investment companies are valued at net asset value ("NAV") per share.
Exchange traded equity securities for which there is no reported sale during the day are fair valued at the closing bid quotation as reported by an
independent pricing service. Unlisted equity securities (except unlisted preferred equity securities) are fair valued at the last sale price quoted in the
market where they are traded most extensively or, if there is no reported sale during the day, the closing bid quotation as reported by an independent
pricing service. If there is no last sale price or closing bid quotation available, unlisted equity securities will be fair valued using evaluated bids furnished
by an independent pricing service, if available.
Debt securities and unlisted preferred equity securities are fair valued based on evaluated bids furnished to the Fund by an independent pricing service or
bid prices obtained from broker-dealers. Broker-dealer bid prices may be used to fair value debt and unlisted equities where an independent pricing
service is unable to price an investment or where an independent pricing service does not provide a reliable price for the investment.
The Fund may also fair value investments in other circumstances such as when extraordinary events occur after the close of a foreign market, but prior to
the close of the New York Stock Exchange. This may include situations relating to a single issuer (such as a declaration of bankruptcy or a delisting of the
issuer's security from the primary market on which it has traded) as well as events affecting the securities markets in general (such as market disruptions
or closings and significant fluctuations in U.S. and/or foreign markets). When fair valuing a Fund's investments, the valuation designee may, among other
things, use modeling tools or other processes that may take into account factors such as issuer specific information, or other related market activity
and/or information that occurred after the close of the foreign market but before the time the Fund's NAV is calculated. Fair valuation by the Fund's
valuation designee may require subjective determinations about the value of the investment, and fair values used to determine a Fund's NAV may differ
from quoted or published prices, or from prices that are used by others, for the same investments. In addition, the use of fair value pricing may not always
result in adjustments to the prices of investments held by a Fund.
The books and records of the Fund are maintained in U.S. dollars. The values of securities, currencies and other assets and liabilities denominated in
currencies other than U.S. dollars, if any, are translated into U.S. dollars based upon foreign exchange rates prevailing at the end of the period.