Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-274204
(To Prospectus dated September 6, 2023)
Up to $3,794,000
Common Shares
FLORA GROWTH CORP.
Flora Growth Corp. (the "Company" or "Flora") is offering to sell common shares, no par value, of the Company (the "common shares"), having an aggregate offering price of up to $3,794,000 pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus.
We have entered into a Sales Agreement dated April 25, 2024 (the "Sales Agreement") with Aegis Capital Corp. (the "Agent") relating to the sale of common shares. In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement and this prospectus supplement, we may offer and sell common shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $3,794,000 (the "offering"), from time to time on or after the date hereof, through the Agent.
Our common shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") under the symbol "FLGC." The last reported sale price of our common shares on Nasdaq on April 25, 2024 was $1.54 per share.
As of the date of this prospectus supplement, the aggregate market value of our outstanding common shares held by non-affiliates, or our public float, was $29.58 million based on 11,080,174 outstanding common shares held by non-affiliates and a per share price of $2.67, which was the closing price of our common shares on April 3, 2024 and is the highest closing sale price of our common shares on Nasdaq within the prior 60 days. In no event will we sell securities pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 in a public primary offering with value exceeding more than one-third of our public float in any 12-month calendar period so long as our public float remains below US$75 million and General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 continues to apply to us. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we have sold $5.97 million in securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6. of Form S-3 during the prior 12-month calendar period that ends on, and includes, the date of this prospectus supplement (but excluding this offering). We are thus currently eligible to offer and sell up to an aggregate of $3,794,000 of our securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3.
We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company under Rule 405 of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein and future filings.
Investing in these securities involves certain risks. See "Risk Factors" on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, as well as the risk factors incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus for a discussion of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to purchase these securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or accompanying base prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Agent
AEGIS CAPITAL CORP.
The date of this prospectus supplement is April 26, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
All references to the terms the "Company," "Flora," "we," "us" and "our" in this prospectus supplement refer to Flora Growth Corp., a corporation organized under the laws of the Province of Ontario, and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus form part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission" or the "SEC") utilizing the Commission's "shelf" registration rules. This document consists of two parts, this prospectus supplement, which provides you with specific information about this offering, and the accompanying base prospectus, which provides more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. When we refer in this prospectus supplement to the term "this prospectus," we are referring collectively to this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and any free-writing prospectus we may utilize pursuant to Rule 433 of the Securities Act.
This prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein may add, update or change information contained in the accompanying base prospectus. To the extent that any statement that we make in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with statements made in the accompanying base prospectus, the statements made in this prospectus supplement will be deemed to modify or supersede those made in the accompanying base prospectus. You should read carefully this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the additional information described under the headings "Where You Can Find More Information," and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" before making an investment decision.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus relating to the offering described in this prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any person to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or additional information, you should not rely on it.
You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus or any documents we incorporate by reference herein or therein is accurate as of any date other than the respective dates on the front cover of those documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
We are not offering or selling the securities offered hereby in any jurisdiction or to any person if such offer or sale is not permitted by applicable law, rule or regulation.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
The following summary of our business highlights some of the information contained elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus. Because this is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. You should carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, which are identified under "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" in this prospectus supplement and under "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" in the accompanying base prospectus. You should also carefully consider the matters discussed in the section in this prospectus supplement entitled "Risk Factors" and in the accompanying base prospectus, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in other documents incorporated herein by reference.
Our Company
Overview
We are a prominent lifestyle brand in the United States and a player in international pharmaceutical distribution focused on therapeutics, starting with medical cannabis. Our approach has enabled us to develop distribution networks, build customer bases, establish operations as the regulatory framework evolves and allow for expanded access to cannabis and its derivatives.
JustCBD is Flora's leading consumer packaged goods brand. JustCBD was launched in 2017 with a mission to bring high-quality, trustworthy, and budget-friendly CBD products to market. The JustCBD offering currently consists of over 350 products across 15 categories, including CBD gummies, topicals, tinctures, and vape products and ships to over 11,500 independent retailers worldwide. JustCBD also sells direct to consumers with a customer base of approximately 350,000 people. JustCBD products are available for purchase in smoke and vape shops, clinics, spas and pet stores, as well as other independent non-traditional retail channels. JustCBD's products are both internally and third-party lab-tested to ensure quality.
Vessel is Flora's cannabis accessory and technology brand currently servicing the United States and Canada through direct-to-consumer and retail sales. Vessel's products include cannabis consumption accessories, personal storage, and travel accessories for the vape and dry herb categories, which are sold to consumers, dispensaries, smoke shops and cannabis brands. Vessel has been fully integrated into JustCBD and now benefits from operational, logistical and sales synergies with JustCBD.
Based in Germany, Phatebo is a wholesale pharmaceutical distribution company with import and export capabilities of a wide range of pharmaceutical goods and medical cannabis products to treat a variety of health indications, including drugs related to cancer therapies, ADHD, multiple sclerosis and anti-depressants, among others. Phatebo holds a license for the Trade in Narcotic Drugs (including the cannabis sales license amendment) and a wholesale trading license, both of which are issued by BfArM (the largest drug approval authority in Europe). Phatebo is focused on distributing pharmaceutical products within 28 countries globally, primarily in Europe, but also with sales to Asia, Latin America, and North America. In November 2018, Phatebo also received a medical cannabis import and distribution license. Additionally, the Phatebo warehouse provides a logistics outpost for Flora's growing product portfolio and distribution network within the European Union.
Corporate Information
We were originally incorporated on March 13, 2019, under the laws of the Province of Ontario. We are an early-stage company with our registered office located at 365 Bay Street, Suite 800, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 2V1. Our principal place of business in the United States is located at 3406 SW 26th Terrace, Suite C-1, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33312, and our phone number is (954) 842-4989. Our website address is www.floragrowth.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus supplement and is not incorporated by reference herein.
We are an "emerging growth company" (an "EGC"), as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. As an EGC, we are eligible for exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.
THE OFFERING
The following summary contains basic information about this offering. The summary is not intended to be complete. You should read the full text and more specific details contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus.
Common shares offered | Up to 2,463,636 common shares, based on an assumed offering price of $1.54 per share, which was the closing price of our common stock on Nasdaq on April 25, 2024. The actual number of shares issued will vary depending on the sales price under this offering. |
Plan of Distribution | "At-the-market offering" that may be made from time to time through the Agent, which may include sales made on the Nasdaq or other United States trading markets for the common shares. See "Plan of Distribution". |
Use of proceeds | We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate and working capital needs. See "Use of Proceeds" for a more complete description of the intended use of proceeds from this offering. |
Risk factors | An investment in our company involves a high degree of risk. Please refer to the sections titled "Risk Factors," "Cautionary Note About Forward-Looking Statements" and other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before investing our securities. |
Tax Considerations | Purchasing the common shares may have tax consequences. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus may not describe these consequences fully for all investors. Investors should read the tax discussion in this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus and consult with their own tax advisor. See "Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations". |
Nasdaq symbol | Our common shares are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol "FLGC". |
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, the risks described under the heading "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, and under similar headings in our subsequently filed reports on Form 8-K, and other information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, including our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes, as well as our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes, before you decide whether to purchase our securities. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. As a result, the trading price of our common shares could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment in our securities.
Risks Related to This Offering
Our management will have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from this offering, you may not agree with how we use the proceeds, and the proceeds may not be invested successfully.
Our management will have broad discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from any offering by us and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of this offering. Accordingly, you will be relying on the judgment of our management with regard to the use of these net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. It is possible that the proceeds will be invested in a way that does not yield a favorable, or any, return for us.
You will experience dilution as a result of this Offering
Giving effect to the issuance of common shares in this offering, the receipt of the expected net proceeds and the use of those proceeds, this offering will have a dilutive effect on our expected net income available to our shareholders per share and funds from operations per share. The dilution per share to investors participating in this offering will be $0.61 (see "Dilution" below).
The common shares will be sold in "at-the-market" distributions, and investors who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.
Investors who purchase common shares in this offering at different times will likely pay different prices, and so may experience different outcomes in their investment results. We will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold, and there is no minimum or maximum sales price. Investors may experience a decline in the value of their shares as a result of share sales made at prices lower than the prices they paid.
There may be future sales or other dilution of our equity, which may adversely affect the market price of the common shares.
We are generally not restricted from issuing additional common shares, including any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, common shares. The market price of the common shares could decline as a result of sales of common shares or securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, common shares after this offering or the perception that such sales could occur.
The Company may be a "passive foreign investment company" for its current tax year, which may have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. investors
The Company previously disclosed that it believed it was a "passive foreign investment company" within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code ("PFIC") for its most recently completed tax year. Based upon updated information and analysis following the completion of its most recently completed tax year, the Company now believes that it was not a PFIC for its most recently completed tax year. The Company's anticipated PFIC status for its current tax year and future tax years is uncertain and may depend on, among other things, how quickly the Company may raise cash pursuant to this offering, the manner in which, and how quickly, the Company utilizes its cash on hand and the cash proceeds received from this offering, as well as on changes in the market value of common shares. If the Company is a PFIC for any year during a U.S. taxpayer's holding period of common shares, then such U.S. taxpayer generally will be required to treat any gain realized upon a disposition of the common shares or any so-called "excess distribution" received on its common shares as ordinary income, and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such gain or distribution. In certain circumstances, the sum of the tax and the interest charge may exceed the total amount of proceeds realized on the disposition, or the amount of excess distribution received, by the U.S. taxpayer. Subject to certain limitations, these tax consequences may be mitigated if a U.S. taxpayer makes a timely and effective "QEF election" under Section 1295 of the Code ("QEF Election") or a "mark-to-market" election under Section 1296 of the Code ("Mark-to-Market Election"). U.S. taxpayers should be aware that there can be no assurances that the Company will satisfy the record keeping requirements that apply to a qualified electing fund (a "QEF"), or that the Company will supply U.S. taxpayers with information that such U.S. taxpayers are required to report under the QEF rules, in the event the Company is a PFIC. Thus, U.S. Holders may not be able to make a QEF Election with respect to their common shares. A U.S. taxpayer who makes a Mark-to-Market Election generally must include as ordinary income each year the excess of the fair market value of the common shares over the taxpayer's basis therein. This paragraph is qualified in its entirety by the discussion above under the heading "Certain United States Federal Income Taxation Considerations - Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules". Each potential investor who is a U.S. taxpayer should consult its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the PFIC rules and the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the common shares.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain "forward-looking statements," as that term is defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements may include projections and estimates concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, financial condition, business strategies and plans, market opportunity, competitive position, industry environment, and potential growth opportunities. In some cases, you can identify forward- looking statements by terms such as "may", "will", "should", "believe", "expect", "could", "intend", "plan", "anticipate", "estimate", "continue", "predict", "project", "potential", "target," "goal" or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and assumptions about future events. While our management considers these expectations and assumptions to be reasonable, because forward-looking statements relate to matters that have not yet occurred, they are inherently subject to significant business, competitive, economic, regulatory and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These and other important factors, including, among others, those discussed in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein, may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein. Risks and uncertainties, the occurrence of which could adversely affect our business, include, but are not limited to, the following:
- our limited operating history and net losses;
- changes in cannabis laws, regulations and guidelines, including stop sale orders;
- decrease in demand for cannabis and derivative products due to certain research findings, proceedings, or negative media attention;
- our ability to continue as a going concern absent access to sources of liquidity;
- damage to our reputation as a result of negative publicity;
- exposure to product liability claims, actions and litigation;
- risks associated with product recalls;
- product viability;
- continuing research and development efforts to respond to technological and regulatory changes;
- shelf life of inventory;
- our ability to successfully integrate businesses that we acquire;
- maintenance of effective quality control systems;
- changes to energy prices and supply;
- risks associated with expansion into new jurisdictions;
- regulatory compliance risks;
- opposition to the cannabinoid industry;
- potential delisting resulting in reduced liquidity of our common shares.
Given the foregoing risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated by reference herein. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein are not guarantees of future performance and our actual results of operations and financial condition may differ materially from such forward-looking statements. In addition, even if our results of operations and financial condition are consistent with the forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein, they may not be predictive of results or developments in future periods.
Any forward-looking statement that we make in this prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated by reference herein speak only as of the date of this prospectus supplement or the document incorporated by reference herein, as applicable. Except as required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise, or to publicly announce any update or revision to, any of the forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated by reference herein, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date of this prospectus supplement.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds from this offering are not determinable in light of the nature of the distribution. The net proceeds of any given distribution of common shares through the Agent in an "at the market offering" will represent the gross proceeds after deducting the applicable compensation payable to the Agent under the Sales Agreement and the expenses of the distribution.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, if any, for capital expenditures, to increase operating capacity, working capital and general corporate purposes. Our net proceeds will be utilized for general corporate and working capital needs.
This expected use of the net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our current plans and business conditions. Our management will have discretion in allocating the net proceeds in accordance with the above priorities and purposes. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend upon numerous factors, including the progress of our expansion and development efforts, whether or not we enter into strategic transactions, our general operating costs and expenditures, and the changing needs of our business.
DILUTION
If you invest in our common shares in this offering, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per common share and the as adjusted net tangible book value per common share immediately after the closing of this offering. Net tangible book value per share represents our total tangible assets less our total liabilities, divided by the number of outstanding common shares. As of December 31, 2023, our unaudited net tangible book value was $5.5 million or $0.61 per share.
Assuming that an aggregate of 2,463,636 common shares are sold at a price of $1.54 per share, which was the last reported sale price of our common shares on Nasdaq on April 25, 2024 for aggregate proceeds of $3,794,000 in this offering, and after deducting the commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as-adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2023 would have been approximately $9.1 million, or $0.93 per share. This represents an immediate increase in as adjusted net tangible book value of $0.32 per share to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution of $0.61 per share to investors purchasing common shares in this offering.
We calculate dilution per share to new investors by subtracting the as adjusted net tangible book value per share from the public offering price paid by the new investor. The following table illustrates the dilution to new investors on a per share basis:
Public offering price per share | | | | $ | 1.54 | |
Historical net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 0.61 | | | | |
Increase in as adjusted net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering | | | | $ | 0.32 | |
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering | | | | $ | 0.93 | |
Dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value per share in this offering | | | | $ | 0.61 | |
The foregoing calculations as of December 31, 2023 and excludes as of such date:
- Approximately 49,000 options held by our employees, directors and certain consultants to purchase common shares under the Company's 2022 Incentive Compensation Plan and its previous "rolling" stock option plan at a weighted average exercise price of $27.04 per share, of which approximately 44,000 options were exercisable as of December 31, 2023 at a weighted average exercise price of $29.30 per share;
- common shares issuable upon the exercise of approximately 2,384,000 warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2023 at a weighted average exercise price of $9.90 per share.
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
The following description is a summary of some of the terms of the securities we are offering. The descriptions in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus of the securities does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, our organizational documents, copies of which have been or will be filed or incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus form a part. This summary supplements the description of our common shares in the accompanying base prospectus and, to the extent it is inconsistent, replaces the description in the accompanying base prospectus.
We are offering common shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $3,794,000.
Common Shares
The material terms and provisions of our common shares are described under the heading "Description of Common Shares" starting on page 3 of the accompanying base prospectus.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We have entered into the Sales Agreement with the Agent under which we may issue and sell, from time to time, common shares through the Agent. Pursuant to this prospectus supplement, we may issue and sell up to $3,794,000 of common shares through the Agent from and after the date hereof. The Sales Agreement entered into by the Company and the Agent is filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus Supplement forms a part.
Sales of common shares, if any, will be made in transactions that are deemed to be an "at the market offering," as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act, which may include sales made on the Nasdaq or other existing trading markets in the United States for the common shares. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement and upon instructions from us, the Agent will use its commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its customary trading and sales practices and applicable laws, to sell the common shares in accordance with the parameters specified by us and as set out in the Sales Agreement. The common shares will be distributed at market prices prevailing at the time of the sale. As a result, prices may vary as between purchasers and during the period of distribution.
We will instruct the Agent as to the number of common shares to be sold by the Agent from time to time by sending the Agent a notice (a "Placement Notice") that requests that the Agent sell up to a specified dollar amount or a specified number of common shares and specifies any parameters in accordance with which we require that the common shares be sold. The parameters set forth in a Placement Notice may not conflict with the provisions of the Sales Agreement. We or the Agent may suspend the offering of common shares upon proper notice and subject to other conditions set forth in the Sales Agreement.
We will pay the Agent for its services in acting as agent in the sale of Common Shares, pursuant to the terms of the Sales Agreement, compensation of 3% of the gross proceeds from each sale of common shares made thereunder. The Agent will be the only person or company paid an underwriting fee or commission in connection with this offering. We have also agreed pursuant to the Sales Agreement to reimburse the Agent for certain specified expenses, including the fees and disbursements of their legal counsel. We estimate that the total expenses that we will incur for this offering (including fees payable to stock exchanges, securities regulatory authorities, our counsel, our auditors and Agent’s counsel, but excluding compensation payable to the Agent under the terms of the Sales Agreement) will be approximately $0.1 million. Settlement for sales of common shares will occur on the second business day following the date on which any sales are made, or on such other date as is current industry practice for regular-way trading, in return for payment of the net proceeds to us. Sales of common shares as contemplated in this Prospectus Supplement will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company or by such other means as we and the Agent may agree upon. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement.
In connection with the sale of the common shares on behalf of us, the Agent will be deemed an "underwriter," as defined in applicable securities legislation under the Securities Act, and the compensation of the Agent will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts.
We have agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to the Agent against, among other things, certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
The offering of common shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate in accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement.
The Agent and its respective affiliates may in the future provide various investment banking, commercial banking and other financial services for us and our affiliates, for which services they may in the future receive customary fees. To the extent required by Regulation M under the Exchange Act, the Agent will not engage in any market making activities involving our common shares while this offering is ongoing under this Prospectus Supplement.
This Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus in electronic format may be made available on websites maintained by the Agent, and the Agent may distribute this Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying Prospectus electronically.
CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. This summary is for general information purposes only and does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations that may apply to a U.S. Holder arising from or relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. In addition, this summary does not take into account the individual facts and circumstances of any particular U.S. Holder that may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such U.S. Holder, including, without limitation, specific tax consequences to a U.S. Holder under an applicable income tax treaty. Accordingly, this summary is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, legal or U.S. federal income tax advice with respect to any U.S. Holder. This summary does not address the U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences to U.S. Holders of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. In addition, except as specifically set forth below, this summary does not discuss applicable income tax reporting requirements. Each prospective U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.
No ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") has been requested, or will be obtained, regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. This summary is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS is not precluded from taking a position that is different from, or contrary to, the positions taken in this summary. In addition, because the authorities on which this summary is based are subject to various interpretations, the IRS and the U.S. courts could disagree with one or more of the conclusions described in this summary.
Scope of this Summary
Authorities
This summary is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), Treasury Regulations (whether final, temporary, or proposed), published rulings of the IRS, published administrative positions of the IRS, the current provisions of the Convention between Canada and the United States with respect to Taxes on Income and on Capital of 1980, as amended (the "Canada-U.S. Tax Convention"), and U.S. court decisions that are applicable, and, in each case, as in effect and available, as of the date of this document. Any of the authorities on which this summary is based could be changed in a material and adverse manner at any time, and any such change could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis, which could affect the U.S. federal income tax considerations described in this summary. Except as provided herein, this summary does not discuss the potential effects, whether adverse or beneficial, of any proposed legislation that, if enacted, could be applied on a retroactive or prospective basis.
U.S. Holders
For purposes of this summary, the term "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of common shares that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the U.S. and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
Non-U.S. Holders
For purposes of this summary, a "non-U.S. Holder" is a beneficial owner of common shares that is not a U.S. Holder or an entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This summary does not address the U.S. federal, state or local tax consequences to non-U.S. Holders arising from or relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. Accordingly, a non-U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state or local and non-U.S. tax consequences (including the potential application of and operation of any income tax treaties) relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.
U.S. Holders Subject to Special U.S. Federal Income Tax Rules Not Addressed
This summary does not address the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including, but not limited to U.S. Holders that: (a) are tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts, or other tax-deferred accounts; (b) are financial institutions, underwriters, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, or regulated investment companies; (c) are broker-dealers, dealers, or traders in securities or currencies that elect to apply a mark-to-market accounting method; (d) have a "functional currency" other than the U.S. dollar; (e) own common shares as part of a straddle, hedging transaction, conversion transaction, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction; (f) acquire common shares in connection with the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services; (g) hold common shares other than as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment purposes); (h) are subject to the alternative minimum tax; (i) are subject to special tax accounting rules with respect to common shares; (j) are partnerships or other "pass-through" entities (and partners or other owners thereof); (k) are S corporations (and shareholders thereof); (l) are U.S. expatriates or former long-term residents of the United States subject to Sections 877 or 877A of the Code; (m) hold common shares in connection with a trade or business, permanent establishment, or fixed base outside the United States; or (n) own or have owned or will own (directly, indirectly, or by attribution) 10% or more of the total combined voting power or value of the Company's outstanding shares. U.S. Holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including, but not limited to, U.S. Holders described immediately above, should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, U.S. federal alternative minimum, U.S. federal net investment income, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and non-U.S. tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.
If an entity or arrangement that is classified as a partnership (or other "pass-through" entity) for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds common shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such entity or arrangement and the partners (or other owners or participants) of such entity or arrangement generally will depend on the activities of the entity or arrangement and the status of such partners (or owners or participants). This summary does not address the tax consequences to any such partner (or owner or participant). Partners (or other owners or participants) of entities or arrangements that are classified as partnerships or as "pass-through" entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
If the Company were to constitute a PFIC within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code for any year during a U.S. Holder's holding period, then certain potentially adverse rules would affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder resulting from the acquisition, ownership and disposition of common shares. The Company previously disclosed that it believed it was a PFIC for its most recently completed tax year. Based upon updated information and analysis following the completion of its most recently completed tax year, the Company now believes that it was not a PFIC for its most recently completed tax year. The Company's anticipated PFIC status for its current tax year and future tax years is uncertain and may depend on, among other things, how quickly the Company may raise cash pursuant to this offering, the manner in which, and how quickly, the Company utilizes its cash on hand and the cash proceeds received from this offering, as well as on changes in the market value of common shares. No opinion of legal counsel or ruling from the IRS concerning its status as a PFIC has been obtained or is currently planned to be requested. The determination of whether any corporation was, or will be, a PFIC for a tax year depends, in part, on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules, which are subject to differing interpretations. In addition, whether any corporation will be a PFIC for any tax year depends on the assets and income of such corporation over the course of each such tax year and, as a result, cannot be predicted with certainty as of the date of this document. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge any determination made by the Company or any of its subsidiaries concerning its PFIC status. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the PFIC status of the Company and each of its subsidiaries.
In any year in which the Company is classified as a PFIC, a U.S. Holder will be required to file an annual report with the IRS containing such information as Treasury Regulations and/or other IRS guidance may require. In addition to penalties, a failure to satisfy such reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the requirements of filing such information returns under these rules, including the requirement to file an IRS Form 8621 annually.
The Company generally will be a PFIC if, for a tax year, (a) 75% or more of its gross income is passive income (the "PFIC income test") or (b) 50% or more of the value of its assets either produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income, based on the quarterly average of the fair market value of such assets (the "PFIC asset test"). "Gross income" generally includes all sales revenues less the cost of goods sold, plus income from investments and from incidental or outside operations or sources, and "passive income" generally includes, for example, dividends, interest, certain rents and royalties, certain gains from the sale of stock and securities, and certain gains from commodities transactions. Active business gains arising from the sale of commodities generally are excluded from passive income if substantially all of a foreign corporation's commodities are stock in trade or inventory, depreciable property used in a trade or business, or supplies regularly used or consumed in the ordinary course of its trade or business, and certain other requirements are satisfied.
For purposes of the PFIC income test and PFIC asset test described above, if the Company owns, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the total value of the outstanding shares of another corporation, the Company will be treated as if it (a) held a proportionate share of the assets of such other corporation and (b) received directly a proportionate share of the income of such other corporation. In addition, for purposes of the PFIC income test and PFIC asset test described above, and assuming certain other requirements are met, "passive income" does not include certain interest, dividends, rents, or royalties that are received or accrued by the Company from certain "related persons" (as defined in Section 954(d)(3) of the Code) also organized in Canada, to the extent such items are properly allocable to the income of such related person that is not passive income.
Under certain attribution rules, if the Company is a PFIC, U.S. Holders will generally be deemed to own their proportionate share of the Company's direct or indirect equity interest in any company that is also a PFIC (a "Subsidiary PFIC"), and will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on their proportionate share of (a) any "excess distributions," as described below, on the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC and (b) a disposition or deemed disposition of the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC by the Company or another Subsidiary PFIC, both as if such U.S. Holders directly held the shares of such Subsidiary PFIC. In addition, U.S. Holders may be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any indirect gain realized on the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC on the sale or disposition of common shares. Accordingly, U.S. Holders should be aware that they could be subject to tax under the PFIC rules even if no distributions are received and no redemptions or other dispositions of common shares are made.
Default PFIC Rules Under Section 1291 of the Code
If the Company is a PFIC for any tax year during which a U.S. Holder owns common shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences to such U.S. Holder of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of common shares will depend on whether and when such U.S. Holder makes an election to treat the Company and each Subsidiary PFIC, if any, as a "qualified electing fund" or "QEF" under Section 1295 of the Code (a "QEF Election") or makes a mark-to-market election under Section 1296 of the Code (a "Mark-to-Market Election"). A U.S. Holder that does not make either a QEF Election or a Mark-to-Market Election will be referred to in this summary as a "Non-Electing U.S. Holder."
A Non-Electing U.S. Holder will be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code (described below) with respect to: (a) any gain recognized on the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares; and (b) any "excess distribution" received on the common shares. A distribution generally will be an "excess distribution" to the extent that such distribution (together with all other distributions received in the current tax year) exceeds 125% of the average distributions received during the three preceding tax years (or during a U.S. Holder's holding period for the common shares, if shorter).
Under Section 1291 of the Code, any gain recognized on the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares (including an indirect disposition of the stock of any Subsidiary PFIC), and any "excess distribution" received on common shares or with respect to the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC, must be ratably allocated to each day in a Non-Electing U.S. Holder's holding period for the respective common shares. The amount of any such gain or excess distribution allocated to the tax year of disposition or distribution of the excess distribution and to years before the entity became a PFIC, if any, would be taxed as ordinary income (and not eligible for certain preferred rates). The amounts allocated to any other tax year would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest tax rate applicable to ordinary income in each such year, and an interest charge would be imposed on the tax liability for each such year, calculated as if such tax liability had been due in each such year. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder that is not a corporation must treat any such interest paid as "personal interest," which is not deductible.
If the Company is a PFIC for any tax year during which a Non-Electing U.S. Holder holds common shares, the Company will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such Non-Electing U.S. Holder, regardless of whether the Company ceases to be a PFIC in one or more subsequent tax years. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder may terminate this deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above), but not loss, as if common shares were sold on the last day of the last tax year for which the Company was a PFIC.
QEF Election
A U.S. Holder that makes a timely and effective QEF Election for the first tax year in which the holding period of its common shares begins generally will not be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above with respect to its common shares. A U.S. Holder that makes a timely and effective QEF Election will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such U.S. Holder's pro rata share of (a) the Company's net capital gain, which will be taxed as long-term capital gain to such U.S. Holder, and (b) the Company's ordinary earnings, which will be taxed as ordinary income to such U.S. Holder. Generally, "net capital gain" is the excess of (a) net long-term capital gain over (b) net short-term capital loss, and "ordinary earnings" are the excess of (a) "earnings and profits" over (b) net capital gain. A U.S. Holder that makes a QEF Election will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such amounts for each tax year in which the Company is a PFIC, regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed to such U.S. Holder by the Company. However, for any tax year in which the Company is a PFIC and has no net income or gain, U.S. Holders that have made a QEF Election would not have any income inclusions as a result of the QEF Election. If a U.S. Holder that made a QEF Election has an income inclusion, such a U.S. Holder may, subject to certain limitations, elect to defer payment of current U.S. federal income tax on such amounts, subject to an interest charge. If such U.S. Holder is not a corporation, any such interest paid will be treated as "personal interest," which is not deductible.
A U.S. Holder that makes a timely and effective QEF Election with respect to the Company generally (a) may receive a tax-free distribution from the Company to the extent that such distribution represents the Company's "earnings and profits" that were previously included in income by the U.S. Holder because of such QEF Election and (b) will adjust such U.S. Holder's tax basis in the common shares to reflect the amount included in income or allowed as a tax-free distribution because of such QEF Election. In addition, a U.S. Holder that makes a QEF Election generally will recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares.
The procedure for making a QEF Election, and the U.S. federal income tax consequences of making a QEF Election, will depend on whether such QEF Election is timely. A QEF Election will be treated as "timely" if such QEF Election is made for the first year in the U.S. Holder's holding period for the common shares in which the Company is a PFIC. A U.S. Holder may make a timely QEF Election by filing the appropriate QEF Election documents at the time such U.S. Holder files a U.S. federal income tax return for such year. If a U.S. Holder does not make a timely and effective QEF Election for the first year in the U.S. Holder's holding period for the common shares, the U.S. Holder may still be able to make a timely and effective QEF Election in a subsequent year if such U.S. Holder meets certain requirements and makes a "purging" election to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above) as if such common shares were sold for their fair market value on the day the QEF Election is effective. If a U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election but does not make a "purging" election to recognize gain as discussed in the preceding sentence, then such U.S. Holder shall be subject to the QEF Election rules and shall continue to be subject to tax under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above with respect to its common shares. If a U.S. Holder owns PFIC stock indirectly through another PFIC, separate QEF Elections must be made for the PFIC in which the U.S. Holder is a direct shareholder and the Subsidiary PFIC for the QEF rules to apply to both PFICs.
A QEF Election will apply to the tax year for which such QEF Election is timely made and to all subsequent tax years, unless such QEF Election is invalidated or terminated or the IRS consents to revocation of such QEF Election. If a U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election and, in a subsequent tax year, the Company ceases to be a PFIC, the QEF Election will remain in effect (although it will not be applicable) during those tax years in which the Company is not a PFIC. Accordingly, if the Company becomes a PFIC in another subsequent tax year, the QEF Election will be effective and the U.S. Holder will be subject to the QEF rules described above during any subsequent tax year in which the Company qualifies as a PFIC.
U.S. Holders should be aware that there can be no assurances that the Company will satisfy the record keeping requirements that apply to a QEF, or that the Company will supply U.S. Holders with information that such U.S. Holders are required to report under the QEF rules, in the event the Company is a PFIC. Thus, U.S. Holders may not be able to make a QEF Election with respect to their common shares. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, a QEF Election.
A U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621, including a PFIC Annual Information Statement, to a timely filed United States federal income tax return. However, if the Company does not provide the required information with regard to the Company or any of its Subsidiary PFICs, U.S. Holders will not be able to make a QEF Election for such entity and will continue to be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above that apply to Non-Electing U.S. Holders with respect to the taxation of gains and excess distributions.
Mark-to-Market Election
A U.S. Holder may make a Mark-to-Market Election only if the common shares are marketable stock. The common shares generally will be "marketable stock" if the common shares are regularly traded on (a) a national securities exchange that is registered with the SEC, (b) the national market system established pursuant to section 11A of the Exchange Act, or (c) a foreign securities exchange that is regulated or supervised by a governmental authority of the country in which the market is located, provided that (i) such foreign exchange has trading volume, listing, financial disclosure, and surveillance requirements, and meets other requirements and the laws of the country in which such foreign exchange is located, together with the rules of such foreign exchange, ensure that such requirements are actually enforced and (ii) the rules of such foreign exchange effectively promote active trading of listed stocks. If such stock is traded on such a qualified exchange or other market, such stock generally will be "regularly traded" for any calendar year during which such stock is traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisor in this matter.
A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election with respect to its common shares generally will not be subject to the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above with respect to such common shares. However, if a U.S. Holder does not make a Mark-to-Market Election beginning in the first tax year of such U.S. Holder's holding period for the common shares for which the Company is a PFIC and such U.S. Holder has not made a timely QEF Election, the rules of Section 1291 of the Code discussed above will apply to certain dispositions of, and distributions on, the common shares.
A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election will include in ordinary income, for each tax year in which the Company is a PFIC, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the fair market value of the common shares, as of the close of such tax year over (b) such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in such common shares. A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election will be allowed a deduction in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common shares, over (b) the fair market value of such common shares (but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included income as a result of the Mark-to-Market Election for prior tax years).
A U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election generally also will adjust such U.S. Holder's tax basis in the common shares to reflect the amount included in gross income or allowed as a deduction because of such Mark-to-Market Election. In addition, upon a sale or other taxable disposition of common shares, a U.S. Holder that makes a Mark-to-Market Election will recognize ordinary income or ordinary loss (not to exceed the excess, if any, of (a) the amount included in ordinary income because of such Mark-to-Market Election for prior tax years over (b) the amount allowed as a deduction because of such Mark-to-Market Election for prior tax years). Losses that exceed this limitation are subject to the rules generally applicable to losses provided in the Code and Treasury Regulations.
A U.S. Holder makes a Mark-to-Market Election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621 to a timely filed United States federal income tax return. A Mark-to-Market Election applies to the tax year in which such Mark-to-Market Election is made and to each subsequent tax year, unless the common shares cease to be "marketable stock" or the IRS consents to revocation of such election. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, a Mark-to-Market Election.
Although a U.S. Holder may be eligible to make a Mark-to-Market Election with respect to the common shares, no such election may be made with respect to the stock of any Subsidiary PFIC that a U.S. Holder is treated as owning, because such stock is not marketable. Hence, the Mark-to-Market Election will not be effective to avoid the application of the default rules of Section 1291 of the Code described above with respect to deemed dispositions of Subsidiary PFIC stock or excess distributions from a Subsidiary PFIC to its shareholder.
Other PFIC Rules
Under Section 1291(f) of the Code, the IRS has issued proposed Treasury Regulations that, subject to certain exceptions, would cause a U.S. Holder that had not made a timely QEF Election to recognize gain (but not loss) upon certain transfers of common shares that would otherwise be tax-deferred (e.g., gifts and exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations) in the event the Company is a PFIC during such U.S. Holder's holding period for the relevant shares. However, the specific U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. Holder may vary based on the manner in which common shares are transferred.
Certain additional adverse rules may apply with respect to a U.S. Holder if the Company is a PFIC, regardless of whether such U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election. For example, under Section 1298(b)(6) of the Code, a U.S. Holder that uses common shares as security for a loan will, except as may be provided in Treasury Regulations, be treated as having made a taxable disposition of such common shares.
In addition, a U.S. Holder who acquires common shares from a decedent will not receive a "step up" in tax basis of such common shares to fair market value unless such decedent had a timely and effective QEF Election in place.
Special rules also apply to the amount of foreign tax credit that a U.S. Holder may claim on a distribution from a PFIC. Subject to such special rules, foreign taxes paid with respect to any distribution in respect of stock in a PFIC are generally eligible for the foreign tax credit. The rules relating to distributions by a PFIC and their eligibility for the foreign tax credit are complicated, and a U.S. Holder should consult with its own tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit with respect to distributions by a PFIC.
The PFIC rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the PFIC rules and how the PFIC rules may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of common shares.
General Rules Applicable to the Ownership and Disposition of Common Shares
The following discussion is subject, in its entirety, to the rules described above under the heading "Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules".
Distributions on Common Shares
A U.S. Holder that receives a distribution, including a constructive distribution, with respect to an common share will be required to include the amount of such distribution in gross income as a dividend (without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distribution) to the extent of the Company's current or accumulated "earnings and profits", as computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A dividend generally will be taxed to a U.S. Holder at ordinary income tax rates if the Company is a PFIC for the tax year of such distribution or was a PFIC for the preceding tax year. To the extent that a distribution exceeds the Company's current and accumulated "earnings and profits", such distribution will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder's tax basis in the common shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of such common shares. (See "Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of common shares" below). However, the Company does not intend to maintain the calculations of its earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles, and each U.S. Holder therefore should assume that any distribution by the Company with respect to the common shares will constitute ordinary dividend income. Dividends received on common shares by corporate U.S. Holders generally will not be eligible for the "dividends received deduction". Subject to applicable limitations and provided the Company is eligible for the benefits of the Canada-U.S. Tax Convention or the common shares are readily tradable on a United States securities market, dividends paid by the Company to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, in respect of common shares generally will be eligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to long-term capital gains for dividends, provided certain holding period and other conditions are satisfied, including that the Company not be classified as a PFIC in the tax year of distribution or in the preceding tax year. The dividend rules are complex, and each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the application of such rules.
Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Shares
Upon the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of cash received plus the fair market value of any property received and such U.S. Holder's tax basis in such common shares sold or otherwise disposed of. A U.S. Holder's tax basis in common shares generally will be such U.S. Holder's U.S. dollar cost for such common shares. Gain or loss recognized on such sale or other disposition generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, the common shares have been held for more than one year.
Preferential tax rates currently apply to long-term capital gain of a U.S. Holder that is an individual, estate, or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gain of a U.S. Holder that is a corporation. Deductions for capital losses are subject to significant limitations under the Code.
Additional Considerations
Receipt of Foreign Currency
The amount of any distribution paid to a U.S. Holder in foreign currency, or on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of common shares generally will be equal to the U.S. dollar value of such foreign currency based on the exchange rate applicable on the date of receipt (regardless of whether such foreign currency is converted into U.S. dollars at that time). A U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any U.S. Holder who converts or otherwise disposes of the foreign currency after the date of receipt may have a foreign currency exchange gain or loss that would be treated as ordinary income or loss, and generally will be U.S. source income or loss for foreign tax credit purposes. Different rules apply to U.S. Holders who use the accrual method of tax accounting. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of receiving, owning, and disposing of foreign currency.
Foreign Tax Credit
Dividends paid on the common shares will be treated as foreign-source income, and generally will be treated as "passive category income" or "general category income" for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Any gain or loss recognized on a sale or other disposition of common shares generally will be United States source gain or loss. Certain U.S. Holders that are eligible for the benefits of Canada-U.S. Tax Convention may elect to treat such gain or loss as Canadian source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. The Code applies various complex limitations on the amount of foreign taxes that may be claimed as a credit by U.S. taxpayers. In addition, Treasury Regulations that apply to foreign taxes paid or accrued (the "Foreign Tax Credit Regulations") impose additional requirements for Canadian withholding taxes to be eligible for a foreign tax credit, and there can be no assurance that those requirements will be satisfied. The Treasury Department has recently released guidance temporarily pausing the application of certain of the Foreign Tax Credit Regulations.
Subject to the PFIC rules and the Foreign Tax Credit Regulations, each as discussed above, a U.S. Holder that pays (whether directly or through withholding) Canadian income tax with respect to dividends paid on the common shares generally will be entitled, at the election of such U.S. Holder, to receive either a deduction or a credit for such Canadian income tax. Generally, a credit will reduce a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability on a dollar-for-dollar basis, whereas a deduction will reduce a U.S. Holder's income that is subject to U.S. federal income tax. This election is made on a year-by-year basis and applies to all foreign taxes paid (whether directly or through withholding) by a U.S. Holder during a year. The foreign tax credit rules are complex and involve the application of rules that depend on a U.S. Holder's particular circumstances. Accordingly, each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisor regarding the foreign tax credit rules.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Under U.S. federal income tax law and Treasury Regulations, certain categories of U.S. Holders must file information returns with respect to their investment in, or involvement in, a foreign corporation. For example, U.S. return disclosure obligations (and related penalties) are imposed on individuals who are U.S. Holders that hold certain specified foreign financial assets in excess of certain threshold amounts. The definition of specified foreign financial assets includes not only financial accounts maintained in foreign financial institutions, but also, unless held in accounts maintained by a financial institution, any stock or security issued by a non-U.S. person, any financial instrument or contract held for investment that has an issuer or counterparty other than a U.S. person and any interest in a non-U.S. entity. U.S. Holders may be subject to these reporting requirements unless their common shares are held in an account at certain financial institutions. Penalties for failure to file certain of these information returns are substantial. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the requirements of filing information returns, including the requirement to file an IRS Form 8938.
Payments made within the U.S. or by a U.S. payor or U.S. middleman, of dividends on, and proceeds arising from the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares will generally be subject to information reporting and backup withholding tax if a U.S. Holder (a) fails to furnish such U.S. Holder's correct U.S. taxpayer identification number (generally on IRS Form W-9), (b) furnishes an incorrect U.S. taxpayer identification number, (c) is notified by the IRS that such U.S. Holder has previously failed to properly report items subject to backup withholding tax, or (d) fails to certify, under penalty of perjury, that such U.S. Holder has furnished its correct U.S. taxpayer identification number and that the IRS has not notified such U.S. Holder that it is subject to backup withholding tax. However, certain exempt persons generally are excluded from these information reporting and backup withholding rules. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a credit against a U.S. Holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, or will be refunded, if such U.S. Holder furnishes required information to the IRS in a timely manner.
The discussion of reporting requirements set forth above is not intended to constitute a complete description of all reporting requirements that may apply to a U.S. Holder. A failure to satisfy certain reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax, and under certain circumstances, such an extension may apply to assessments of amounts unrelated to any unsatisfied reporting requirement. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding the information reporting and backup withholding rules.
THE ABOVE SUMMARY IS NOT INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE A COMPLETE ANALYSIS OF ALL TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TO U.S. HOLDERS WITH RESPECT TO THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF COMMON SHARES. U.S. HOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TO THEM IN LIGHT OF THEIR OWN PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon by Miller Thomson LLP. Certain legal matters related to United States federal law in connection with the offering will be passed upon for us by Dorsey & Whitney LLP. Kaufman & Canoles P.C., Richmond, Virginia has acted as counsel for the Agent.
EXPERTS
The Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement have been audited by Davidson & Company LLP ("Davidson"), an independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon. Such financial statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. Davidson is independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the PCAOB on auditor independence. Davidson's headquarters are located at Suite 1200-609 Granville Street, Vancouver, BC V7Y 1G6 Canada.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual reports on Form 10-K, reports on Form 8-K, and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports and other information that we file electronically with the SEC and which are available at the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov/edgar. In addition, we maintain an Internet website at www.floragrowth.com. Information contained on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated into or made a part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus form a part.
This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC to register the securities to be offered hereby. This prospectus supplement does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement, including certain exhibits and schedules. You may obtain the registration statement and exhibits to the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above or from the SEC's website listed above.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference certain information that we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus supplement and that we will file in the future, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information that we incorporate by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus and should be read with the same care. Information that we file with the SEC in the future and incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement automatically updates and supersedes previously filed information as applicable.
We incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement the following documents filed by us with the SEC, other than any portion of any such documents that is not deemed "filed" under the Exchange Act in accordance with the Exchange Act and applicable SEC rules:
- our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 28, 2024;
- our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 5, 2024, April 8, 2024, April 19, 2024 and April 23, 2024; and
- the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on May 10, 2021, in which there is described the terms, rights and provisions applicable to the shares of the Company's common shares, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description, including the description of common shares filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2021.
All filings filed by us pursuant to the Exchange Act after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement (excluding information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02, 7.01 and 9.01 of Form 8-K or any other information that is identified as "furnished" rather than filed) shall also be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
Any statements made in this prospectus supplement or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus supplement or in any other subsequently filed document that is also incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement.
We will provide without charge to each person, including any shareholder, to whom a prospectus supplement is delivered, upon written or oral request of that person, a copy of any and all of the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. Please direct requests to us at the following address:
Flora Growth Corp.
Attention: Dany Vaiman, Chief Financial Officer
3406 SW 26th Terrace, Suite C-1
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33312
Tel: (954) 842-4989
PROSPECTUS
$80,000,000
FLORA GROWTH CORP.
Common Shares
Warrants
Units
We may from time to time sell our common shares, warrants and units described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. The aggregate initial offering price of the securities that we may offer and sell under this prospectus will not exceed $80,000,000.
We refer to the common shares, warrants and units collectively as "securities" in this prospectus.
This prospectus provides a general description of these securities, which we may offer and sell in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of sale and set forth in a supplement to this prospectus. Each time we sell the securities described in this prospectus, we will provide specific terms of the securities offered in a supplement to this prospectus. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement carefully before you invest in any of our securities. This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of our securities unless accompanied by an applicable prospectus supplement.
We may offer the securities from time through public or private transactions, and in the case of our common shares, on or off the Nasdaq Capital Market, at prevailing market prices or at privately negotiated prices. These securities may be offered and sold in the same offering or in separate offerings, to or through underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers. The names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents involved in the sale of our securities registered hereunder and any applicable fees, commissions or discounts will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Our net proceeds from the sale of securities will also be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Our common shares are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “FLGC.” As of July 7, 2023, the aggregate market value of our outstanding common shares held by non-affiliates was $16,564,176 based on 6,859,120 outstanding common shares, of which approximately 5,791,670 common shares were held by non-affiliates. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, in no event will we sell securities registered on the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of our public float in any 12-month period so long as our public float remains below $75.0 million. We have not offered any of our common shares pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 during the prior 12 calendar month period that ends on, and includes, the date of this prospectus.
Investing in our securities involves risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 4 for information you should consider before investing in our securities. See also "Risk Factors" in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus for a discussion of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to purchase these securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is August 30, 2023
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a "shelf" registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. Under this shelf registration statement, we may sell any one or more or a combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount of $80,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we use this prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that contains specific information about any offering by us with respect to the securities registered hereunder. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change the information contained in this prospectus. You should read carefully both this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus related to the applicable offering that is prepared by us or on our behalf or that is otherwise authorized by us, together with additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information" located on page 16.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus related to the applicable offering of securities that is prepared by us or on our behalf or that is otherwise authorized by us. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. You must not rely upon any information or representation not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectus that is prepared by us or on our behalf or that is otherwise authorized by us. This prospectus and any accompanying supplement to this prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus and any accompanying supplement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of this prospectus and such accompanying prospectus supplement or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement are delivered, or securities sold, on a later date.
References in this prospectus to the "Registrant," the "Company," "Flora," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Flora Growth Corp., a company incorporated in the Province of Ontario, and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise.
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RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves risks. Before deciding whether to purchase our securities, you should carefully consider the risk factors incorporated by reference from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 Annual Report") filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023, as amended on April 28, 2023, under the heading "Item 1A. Risk Factors", any updates to those risk factors contained in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K and the other information contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, as updated by those subsequent filings with the SEC under the Exchange Act that are incorporated herein by reference. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations and financial condition and could cause the value of our securities to decline in value, in which case you may lose all or part of your investment. For more information, see "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference."
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other U.S. Federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements may include projections and estimates concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, financial condition, business strategies and plans, market opportunity, competitive position, industry environment, and potential growth opportunities. In some cases, you can identify forward- looking statements by terms such as "may", "will", "should", "believe", "expect", "could", "intend", "plan", "anticipate", "estimate", "continue", "predict", "project", "potential", "target," "goal" or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. You can also identify forward-looking statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and assumptions about future events. While our management considers these expectations and assumptions to be reasonable, because forward-looking statements relate to matters that have not yet occurred, they are inherently subject to significant business, competitive, economic, regulatory and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These and other important factors, including, among others, those discussed under the heading "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our 2022 Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus, may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements in this prospectus. Some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements include:
- Our limited operating history and net losses;
- changes in cannabis laws, regulations and guidelines;
- decrease in demand for cannabis and derivative products due to certain research findings, proceedings, or negative media attention;
- damage to our reputation as a result of negative publicity;
- exposure to product liability claims, actions and litigation;
- risks associated with product recalls;
- product viability;
- continuing research and development efforts to respond to technological and regulatory changes;
- shelf life of inventory;
- our ability to successfully integrate businesses that we acquire;
- maintenance of effective quality control systems;
- changes to energy prices and supply;
- risks associated with expansion into new jurisdictions;
- regulatory compliance risks;
- opposition to the cannabinoid industry;
- unpredictable events, such as the COVID-19 outbreak, and associated business disruptions;
- risks related to our operations in Colombia, including the closing of the sale thereof; and
- potential delisting resulting in reduced liquidity of our common shares.
Given the foregoing risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements in this prospectus. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are not guarantees of future performance and our actual results of operations and financial condition may differ materially from such forward- looking statements. In addition, even if our results of operations and financial condition are consistent with the forward-looking statements in this prospectus, they may not be predictive of results or developments in future periods. Any forward-looking statement that we make in this prospectus speaks only as of the date of this prospectus. Except as required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise, or to publicly announce any update or revision to, any of the forward-looking statements in this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date of this prospectus.
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OUR COMPANY
We are a prominent lifestyle brand in the United States and a player in international pharmaceutical distribution focused on therapeutics, starting with medical cannabis. Our approach has enabled us to develop distribution networks, build customer bases, establish operations as the regulatory framework evolves and allow for expanded access to cannabis and its derivatives.
JustCBD is Flora's leading consumer packaged goods brand. JustCBD was launched in 2017 with a mission to bring high-quality, trustworthy, and budget-friendly CBD products to market. The JustCBD offering currently consists of over 350 products across 15 categories, including CBD gummies, topicals, tinctures, and vape products and ships to over 11,500 independent retailers worldwide. JustCBD also sells direct to consumers with a customer base of approximately 350,000 people. JustCBD products are available for purchase in smoke and vape shops, clinics, spas and pet stores, as well as other independent non-traditional retail channels. JustCBD's products are both internally and third-party lab-tested to ensure quality.
Vessel is Flora's cannabis accessory and technology brand currently servicing the United States and Canada through direct-to-consumer and retail sales. Vessel's products include cannabis consumption accessories, personal storage, and travel accessories for the vape and dry herb categories, which are sold to consumers, dispensaries, smoke shops and cannabis brands. Vessel has been fully integrated into JustCBD and now benefits from operational, logistical and sales synergies with JustCBD.
Based in Germany, Phatebo is a wholesale pharmaceutical distribution company with import and export capabilities of a wide range of pharmaceutical goods and medical cannabis products to treat a variety of health indications, including drugs related to cancer therapies, ADHD, multiple sclerosis and anti-depressants, among others. Phatebo holds a license for the Trade in Narcotic Drugs (including the cannabis sales license amendment) and a wholesale trading license, both of which are issued by BfArM (the largest drug approval authority in Europe). Phatebo is focused on distributing pharmaceutical products within 28 countries globally, primarily in Europe, but also with sales to Asia, Latin America, and North America. In November 2018, Phatebo also received a medical cannabis import and distribution license. Additionally, the Phatebo warehouse provides a logistics outpost for Flora's growing product portfolio and distribution network within the European Union.
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Corporate Information
We were originally incorporated on March 13, 2019, under the laws of the Province of Ontario. We are an early-stage company with our registered office located at 365 Bay Street, Suite 800, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 2V1. Our principal place of business in the United States is located at 3406 SW 26th Terrace, Suite C-1, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33312, and our phone number is (954) 842-4989. Our website address is www.floragrowth.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference herein.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, we expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby for capital expenditures, operating capacity, working capital and general corporate purposes.
Any specific allocation of the net proceeds of an offering of securities to a specific purpose will be determined at the time of such offering and will be described in the related supplement to this prospectus.
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DESCRIPTION OF COMMON SHARES
General
This prospectus describes the general terms of our common shares, which description is qualified in its entirety by reference to applicable Canadian law and the terms and provisions contained in our articles of incorporation (as amended, the "articles") and our bylaws currently in effect (the "bylaws"). When we offer to sell common shares, we will describe the specific terms of such offering in a supplement to this prospectus. Accordingly, for a description of the terms of a particular offering of our common shares, you must refer to both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement. To the extent the information contained in the prospectus supplement differs from this summary description, you should rely on the information contained in the prospectus supplement.
Under our articles, our authorized capital consists of an unlimited number of common shares, with no par value per share, which do not have any special rights or restrictions. As of August 30, 2023, there were 6,859,120 common shares outstanding.
Rights, Preferences, Restrictions Attaching to Our Common Shares
The Business Corporations Act (Ontario) provides the following rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to our common shares:
- to vote at meetings of shareholders, except meetings at which only holders of a specified class of shares are entitled to vote;
- subject to the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to any other class of shares of our Company, to share equally in the remaining property of our Company on liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our Company; and
- the Common Shares are entitled to receive dividends if, as, and when declared by the board of directors of the Company (the "Board of Directors").
Shareholder Meetings
The Business Corporations Act (Ontario) provides that: (i) a general meeting of shareholders shall be held at such place in or outside Ontario as the directors determine or, in the absence of such a determination, at the place where the registered office of our Company is located; (ii) directors must call an annual meeting of shareholders no later than 15 months after the last preceding annual meeting; (iii) for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to receive notice of or vote at meetings of shareholders, the directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for that determination, provided that such date shall not precede by more than 50 days or by less than 21 days, if we are an "offering corporation" under the rules of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario), otherwise not less than 10 days, the date on which the meeting is to be held; (iv) the holders of not less than 5% of the issued shares entitled to vote at a meeting may requisition the directors to call a meeting of shareholders for the purposes stated in the requisition; (v) only shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting, our directors and our auditor are entitled to be present at a meeting of shareholders (along with such other persons as may be invited by the chairperson or with the consent of the meeting); and (vi) upon the application of a director or shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice may order a meeting to be called, held and conducted in a manner that the Court directs.
The Company's bylaws provide that a quorum is met when holders of not less than 35% of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting of shareholders are present in person or represented by proxy. The holders of our common shares are entitled to attend and vote at all meetings of the shareholders of the Company.
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Fully Paid and Non-assessable
All outstanding common shares are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors
In accordance with the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and pursuant to the bylaws of the Company, subject to certain conditions, the Company shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law, indemnify a director or officer, a former director or officer, or another individual who acts or acted at the Company's request as a director or officer, or an individual acting in a similar capacity, of another entity, against all costs, charges and expenses, including any amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by the individual in respect of any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding in which the individual is involved because of that association with the Company or other entity. We may advance monies to a director, officer or other individual for costs, charges and expenses reasonably incurred in connection with such a proceeding, provided that such individual shall repay the moneys if the individual does not fulfill the conditions described below. Indemnification is prohibited unless the individual:
- Acted honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests;
- In the case of a criminal or administration action or proceeding enforced by a monetary penalty, had reasonable grounds to believe the conduct was lawful; and
- Was not judged by a court or other competent authority to have committed any fault or omitted to do anything that the individual ought to have done.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common shares is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Listing
Our common shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "FLGC."
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
General
We may issue warrants to purchase our common shares. The warrants may be issued independently or together with common shares offered by this prospectus and may be attached to or separate from those common shares.
While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any warrants that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any warrants we offer under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms we describe below, and you should refer to the applicable prospectus supplement for the specific terms of any warrants that we offer.
We may issue the warrants under a warrant agreement, which we will enter into with a warrant agent to be selected by us. Each warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the common shares purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.
We may issue warrants in such numerous distinct series as we determine.
We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part the form of warrant agreement, including a form of warrant certificate, that describes the terms of the series of warrants we are offering before the issuance of the related series of warrants. The following summaries of material provisions of the warrants and the warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement applicable to a particular series of warrants. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the warrants that we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete warrant agreements that contain the terms of the warrants.
We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, including, when applicable, the following:
- the title of the warrants;
- the aggregate number of the warrants;
- the price or prices at which the warrants will be issued;
- the designation, number, and terms of common shares purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;
- the date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related common shares will be separately transferable;
- the price at which each common share purchasable upon exercise of the warrants may be purchased;
- the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which such right will expire;
- the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time;
- any information with respect to book-entry procedures;
- the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale, or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreement and the warrants;
- any other terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the transferability, exchange, and exercise of such warrants;
- the terms of any rights to redeem or call, or accelerate the expiration of, the warrants;
- the date on which the right to exercise the warrants begins and the date on which that right expires;
- the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants; and
- any other specific terms, preferences, rights, or limitations of, or restrictions on, the warrants.
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Unless specified in an applicable prospectus supplement, warrants will be in registered form only.
A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer, and exercise them at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Until any warrants are exercised, holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common shares, including any rights to receive dividends or to exercise any voting rights, except to the extent set forth under the heading "Warrant Adjustments" below.
Exercise of Warrants
Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase for cash common shares at the applicable exercise price set forth in, or determined as described in, the applicable prospectus supplement. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or a part of the exercise price for the warrants. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date of the warrants, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.
Warrants may be exercised by delivering to the corporation trust office of the warrant agent or any other officer indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement (a) the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed and (b) payment of the amount due upon exercise. As soon as practicable following exercise, we will issue the underlying common shares subject to such exercise to the applicable warrant holder. If less than all of the warrants represented by a warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.
Amendments and Supplements to the Warrant Agreements
We may amend or supplement a warrant agreement without the consent of the holders of the applicable warrants to cure ambiguities in the warrant agreement, to cure or correct a defective provision in the warrant agreement, or to provide for other matters under the warrant agreement that we and the warrant agent deem necessary or desirable, so long as, in each case, such amendments or supplements do not materially and adversely affect the interests of the holders of the warrants.
Warrant Adjustments
Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, the exercise price of, and the number of common shares covered by, a warrant will be adjusted proportionately if we subdivide or combine our common shares. In addition, unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, if we, without payment:
- issue capital stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for common shares, or any rights to subscribe for, purchase, or otherwise acquire common shares, as a dividend or distribution to holders of our common shares;
- pay any cash to holders of our common shares other than a cash dividend paid out of our current or retained earnings;
- issue any evidence of our indebtedness or rights to subscribe for or purchase our indebtedness to holders of our common shares; or
- issue common shares or additional stock or other securities or property to holders of our common shares by way of spinoff, split-up, reclassification, combination of shares, or similar corporate rearrangement,
then the holders of warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants, in addition to the common shares otherwise receivable upon exercise of the warrants and without paying any additional consideration, the amount of stock and other securities and property such holders would have been entitled to receive had they held the common shares issuable under the warrants on the dates on which holders of those securities received or became entitled to receive such additional stock and other securities and property.
Except as stated above, the exercise price and number of securities covered by a warrant, and the amounts of other securities or property to be received, if any, upon exercise of those warrants, will not be adjusted or provided for if we issue those securities or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for those securities, or securities carrying the right to purchase those securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for those securities.
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Holders of warrants may have additional rights under the following circumstances:
- certain reclassifications, capital reorganizations, or changes of the common shares;
- certain share exchanges, mergers, or similar transactions involving us and which result in changes of the common shares; or
- certain sales or dispositions to another entity of all or substantially all of our property and assets.
If one of the above transactions occurs and holders of our common shares are entitled to receive stock, securities, or other property with respect to or in exchange for their common shares, the holders of the warrants then outstanding, as applicable, will be entitled to receive upon exercise of their warrants the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities or property that they would have received upon the applicable transaction if they had exercised their warrants immediately before the transaction.
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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. Units may be offered independently or together with common shares and warrants offered by any prospectus supplement, and may be attached to or separate from those securities. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below, and you should refer to the applicable prospectus supplement for the specific terms of any units that we offer.
We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part the form of unit agreement, including a form of unit certificate, if any, that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material provisions of the units and the unit agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the units that we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete unit agreements that contain the terms of the units.
General
We may issue units consisting of common shares and warrants. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each security included in the unit. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit are immediately separable or otherwise may not be held or transferred separately, at any time, or at any time before a specified date.
We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units, including the following:
- the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;
- any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below; and
- any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer, or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.
The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under "Description of Common Shares" and "Description of Warrants," will apply to each unit and to any common share or warrant included in each unit, respectively.
Issuance in Series
We may issue units in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine.
Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units
Each unit agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, may enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.
Title
We, the unit agent, and any of their agents may treat the registered holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units evidenced by that certificate for any purposes and as the person entitled to exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to the contrary.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the securities offered hereby from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities (1) through underwriters or dealers, (2) through agents and/or (3) directly to one or more purchasers. We may distribute the securities from time to time in one or more transactions:
- at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
- at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
- at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
- at negotiated prices.
We may directly solicit offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus. We may also designate agents to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. We will name in a prospectus supplement any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities.
If we utilize a dealer in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, we will sell the securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
If we utilize an underwriter in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, we will execute an underwriting agreement with the underwriter at the time of sale and provide the name of any underwriter in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we, or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and the underwriter may compensate those dealers in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions.
We will provide in the applicable prospectus supplement any compensation we pay to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof.
An underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with applicable securities laws. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which creates a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bidders to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the prices of the securities to be higher than they would otherwise be. The underwriters may engage in these activities on any exchange or other market in which the securities may be traded. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue these activities at any time. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.
The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business.
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LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Wildeboer Dellelce LLP.
EXPERTS
The Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 included in this prospectus have been audited by Davidson & Company LLP ("Davidson"), an independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon. Such financial statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. Davidson is independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the PCAOB on auditor independence. Davidson's headquarters are located at Suite 1200-609 Granville Street, Vancouver, BC V7Y 1G6 Canada.
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are a corporation organized under the laws of the Province of Ontario. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons or us, or to enforce against them or us judgments obtained in U.S. courts, whether or not predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or of the securities laws of any state of the United States. There is doubt as to the enforceability in Canada, either in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities predicated solely on the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state of the United States.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, we are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC's website is www.sec.gov.
We make available free of charge on or through our website, www.floragrowth.com, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with or otherwise furnish it to the SEC.
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to the securities offered under this prospectus. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits, contains additional relevant information about us and the securities. If a document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, we refer you to the copy of the document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement for free at www.sec.gov. The registration statement and the documents referred to below under "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" are also available on our website, www.floragrowth.com.
Information contained on or accessible through our website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus and does not constitute a part hereof.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we have filed with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to the documents containing such information. The information we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future documents (excluding information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02, 7.01 and 9.01 of Form 8-K or any other information that is identified as "furnished" rather than filed) we file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of this offering:
- our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023, as amended by our Form 10-K/A Amendment No. 1 filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023;
- our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023;
- our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on August 10, 2023;
- our Current Reports on Form 8-K (not including any information furnished under Item 2.02, 7.01 or 9.01 of such Form 8-K or any other information that is identified as "furnished" rather than filed, which information is not incorporated by reference herein), filed with the SEC on January 6, 2023, April 18, 2023, May 18, 2023, June 6, 2023, June 7, 2023, June 27, 2023, July 11, 2023, July 25, 2023, August 10, 2023, and August 25, 2023;
- the Company's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on May 10, 2021, in which there is described the terms, rights and provisions applicable to the shares of the Company's common shares, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description, including the description of common shares filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2021.
All filings filed by us pursuant to the Exchange Act after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part and prior to the effectiveness of such registration statement (excluding information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02, 7.01 and 9.01 of Form 8-K or any other information that is identified as "furnished" rather than filed) shall also be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. Any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for the purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a later statement contained in this prospectus or in any other document incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of this prospectus or the date of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
We will provide without charge to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the reports or documents that have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus but not delivered with this prospectus (other than an exhibit to these filings, unless we have specifically incorporated that exhibit by reference in this prospectus). Any such request should be addressed to us at: 3406 SW 26th Terrace, Suite C-1, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33312, Attention: Dany Vaiman, Chief Financial Officer or made by phone at +(954) 842-4989. You may also access the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus through our website at www.floragrowth.com. Except for the specific incorporated documents listed above, no information available on or through our website shall be deemed to be incorporated in this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.
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FLORA GROWTH CORP.
$80,000,000
Common Shares
Warrants
Units
PROSPECTUS
FLORA GROWTH CORP.
Up to $3,794,000
Common Shares
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Agent
AEGIS CAPITAL CORP.
April 26, 2024