GoHealth (GOCO) 10-Q2022 Q2 Quarterly report

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (“the Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be forward-looking statements. Statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, including, among others, statements regarding our expected growth, future capital expenditures and debt service obligations, are forward-looking statements.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms, such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are only predictions. Accordingly, we caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to a number of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including but not limited to the following: the marketing and sale of Medicare plans are subject to numerous, complex and frequently changing laws, regulations and guidelines; our business may be harmed if we lose our relationships with carriers or if our relationships with carriers change; our failure to grow our customer base or retain our existing customers; carriers may reduce the commissions paid to us and change their underwriting practices in ways that reduce the number of, or impact the renewal or approval rates of, insurance policies sold through our platform; factors that impact our estimate of LTV (as defined below) may be adversely impacted; our management and independent auditors have identified a material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting, and we may be unable to develop, implement and maintain appropriate controls in future periods, which may lead to errors or omissions in our financial statements; the potential delisting of our common stock from the Nasdaq Global Market (“NASDAQ”); volatility in general economic conditions, including inflation, interest rates, and other commodity prices and exchange rates may impact our financial position and performance; we currently depend on a small group of carriers for a substantial portion of our revenue; information technology system failures could interrupt our operations; our ability to sell Medicare-related health insurance plans is largely dependent on our licensed health insurance agents; operating and growing our business may require additional capital; our strategic focus on cash flow optimization may lead to decreased revenue or otherwise adversely affect our business; we may lose key employees or fail to attract qualified employees; our operations may be adversely impacted by a reduction in employee headcount or other similar actions; the Founders (as defined below) and Centerbridge (as defined below) have significant influence over us, including control over decisions that require the approval of stockholders; and other important factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the “2021 Form 10-K”), the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise requires:

GoHealth, Inc. is a holding company and the sole managing member of GoHealth Holdings, LLC, and its principal asset consists of LLC Interests.

Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we use a number of key terms and provide a number of key performance indicators used by management. We define these terms and key performance indicators as follows:

We use supplemental measures of our performance that are derived from our consolidated financial information, but which are not presented in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). These non-GAAP financial measures include EBITDA; Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin. Adjusted EBITDA is the primary financial performance measure used by management to evaluate its business and monitor its results of operations.

We use non-GAAP financial measures to supplement financial information presented on a GAAP basis. We believe that excluding certain items from our GAAP results allows management to better understand our consolidated financial performance from period to period and better project our future consolidated financial performance as forecasts are developed at a level of detail different from that used to prepare GAAP-based financial measures. Moreover, we believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide our stakeholders with useful information to help them evaluate our operating results by facilitating an enhanced understanding of our operating performance and enabling them to make more meaningful period to period comparisons. There are limitations to the use of the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. For example, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes.

The non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered as indicators of performance in isolation from or as a substitute for net income (loss) prepared in accordance with GAAP, and should be read only in conjunction with financial information presented on a GAAP basis. Reconciliations of each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to its most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, net income (loss), are presented in the tables below in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We encourage you to review the reconciliations in conjunction with the presentation of the non-GAAP financial measures for each of the periods presented. In future periods, we may exclude similar items, may incur income and expenses similar to these excluded items and include other expenses, costs and non-recurring items.

GoHealth, Inc. (the “Company”) is a leading health insurance marketplace and Medicare-focused digital health company whose mission is to improve access to healthcare in America. The Company works with insurance carriers to provide solutions to efficiently enroll individuals in health insurance plans. The Company’s proprietary technology platform leverages modern machine-learning algorithms powered by nearly two decades of insurance purchasing behavior to reimagine the optimal process for helping individuals find the best health insurance plan for their specific needs. The Company’s insurance agents leverage the power of its vertically integrated customer acquisition platform to enroll members in Medicare and individual and family plans. Certain of the Company’s operations do business as GoHealth, LLC (“GoHealth”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company that was founded in 2001.

The Company was incorporated in Delaware on March 27, 2020 for the purpose of facilitating the Company’s initial public offering (the “IPO”) and other related transactions in order to carry on the business of GoHealth Holdings, LLC (formerly known as Blizzard Parent, LLC), a Delaware limited liability company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, "GHH, LLC"). Following the IPO and pursuant to a reorganization into a holding company structure, the Company is a holding company and its principal asset is a controlling equity interest in GHH, LLC. As the sole managing member of GHH, LLC, the Company operates and controls all of the business and affairs of GHH, LLC, and through GHH, LLC and its subsidiaries, conducts its business.

In connection with the IPO (as defined below), the Company became the sole managing member of GHH, LLC and controls the management of GHH, LLC. As a result, the Company consolidates GHH, LLC’s financial results in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and reports a non-controlling interest for the economic interest in GHH, LLC held by the Continuing Equity Owners. Substantially concurrently with the consummation of the IPO, the existing limited liability company agreement of GHH, LLC was amended and restated to, among other things, recapitalize its capital structure by creating a single new class of units (the “common units”) and provide for a right of redemption of common units (subject in certain circumstances to time-based vesting requirements and certain other restrictions) in exchange for, at the Company’s election, cash or newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a 1-for-one basis. In connection with any redemption, the Company will receive a corresponding number of common units, increasing the Company’s total ownership interest in GHH, LLC.

Net income and loss is allocated to the Continuing Equity Owners on a pro-rata basis, assuming that any Class B common units that are subject to time-based vesting requirements are fully vested.

GHH, LLC is a holding company with no operating assets or operations and was formed to acquire a 100% equity interest in Norvax. On May 6, 2020, Blizzard Parent, LLC changed its name to “GoHealth Holdings, LLC”. GHH, LLC owns 100% of Blizzard Midco, LLC, which owns 100% of Norvax. For all of the periods reported in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, GHH, LLC has not and does not have any material operations on a standalone basis, and all of the operations of GHH, LLC are carried out by Norvax.

The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets

and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates. There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as discussed in the notes to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021.

A greater number of the Company’s Medicare-related health insurance plans are sold in its fourth quarter during the Medicare annual enrollment period when Medicare-eligible individuals are permitted to change their Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D prescription drug coverage for the following year. As a result, the Company’s Medicare plan-related commission revenue is typically highest in the Company’s fourth quarter.

The majority of the Company’s individual and family health insurance plans are sold in its fourth quarter during the annual open enrollment period as defined under the federal Patient Protection and ACA and related amendments in the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act. Individuals and families generally are not able to purchase individual and family health insurance outside of the open enrollment period, unless they qualify for a special enrollment period as a result of certain qualifying events, such as losing employer-sponsored health insurance or moving to another state. As a result, the Company’s individual and family plan-related commission revenue is typically highest in the Company’s fourth quarter.

The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques the Company uses to measure fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company classifies the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:

The carrying amount of certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of debt approximates fair value due to the variable nature of interest rates.

During 2019, the Company allocated $380.3 million and $6.2 million of the goodwill recognized in connection with the Acquisition to its Medicare—Internal segment and Medicare—External segment, respectively, based on an estimate of the relative fair value of each reportable segment.

The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually on November 30th and whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that an impairment may have occurred. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment to which goodwill is assigned when initially recorded. The Company has 4 reporting units, which are the same as its 4 operating segments.

During the annual enrollment period in the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company and the broader industry experienced an increase in consumer shopping which led to lower policy persistency than anticipated and resulted in lower LTV performance. Additionally, operating margins in the fourth quarter of 2021 declined significantly, which was primarily driven by tight labor markets and resulted in higher than expected customer care and enrollment costs. As such and in connection with the Company’s annual and long-range planning process, which coincided with the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test as of November 30, 2021, the Company determined the Medicare— Internal and Medicare— External reporting units’ financial performance were lower than previously anticipated. As a result, the Company’s quantitative goodwill impairment test indicated that the fair values of the Medicare— Internal and Medicare— External reporting units no longer exceeded their carrying values, and the Company recognized goodwill impairment charges of $380.3 million and $6.2 million for the Medicare-Internal and Medicare— External reporting units, respectively, representing the full amount of goodwill associated with these reporting units.

The quantitative goodwill impairment test performed by the Company as of November 30, 2021, included significant level 3 fair value estimates and assumptions including, among others, cash flow projections and selecting an appropriate discount rate.

The gross carrying amounts, accumulated amortization and net carrying amounts of the Company’s definite-lived amortizable intangible assets, as well as its indefinite-lived intangible trade names, are as follows:

There was no impairment of intangible assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

As of June 30, 2022, expected amortization expense related to intangible assets for each of the five succeeding years is as follows:

The Company’s long-term debt consisted of the following:

On September 13, 2019, Norvax (the “Borrower”) entered into a first lien credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) which provided for a $300.0 million aggregate principal amount senior secured term loan facility (the “Initial Term Loan Facility”). During 2020, the Company entered into a series of amendments to the Credit Agreement to provide for, among other items as further described below, $117.0 million of incremental term loans (the “Incremental Term Loan Facility”).

On June 11, 2021, the Company entered into Amendment No. 5 to the Credit Agreement and Incremental Facility Agreement (“Amendment No. 5”). Amendment No. 5 created a new class of incremental term loans (the “2021 Incremental Term Loans”) in an aggregate principal amount equal to $310.0 million, which was used to refinance $295.5 million of outstanding principal under the Initial Term Loan Facility, pay the related accrued interest and fund the prepayment premium. In connection with Amendment No. 5 and the refinancing of the Initial Term Loan, the Company recognized an $11.9 million loss on debt extinguishment, representing the 2% prepayment premium of $5.9 million and the write-down of deferred financing costs and debt discounts of $6.0 million. The Company incurred $1.7 million of debt issuance costs associated with Amendment No. 5, which are being amortized over the life of the debt to interest expense using the effective interest method.

The Company collectively refers to the Initial Term Loan, Incremental Term Loan Facility, the 2021 Incremental Term Loans, and the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans as the “Term Loan Facilities”.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had a principal amount of $114.4 million, $306.9 million, and $99.5 million outstanding under the Incremental Term Loan Facility, the 2021 Incremental Term Loans, and the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had a principal amount of $115.0 million $308.4 million, and $100.0 million outstanding under the Incremental Term Loan Facility, the 2021 Incremental Term Loans, and the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans, respectively. The Incremental Term Loan Facility effective interest rate was 7.5% at both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The 2021 Incremental Term Loan and the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loan effective interest rates were 7.5% and 7.7% at June 30, 2022, respectively. Both the 2021 Incremental Term Loan and the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loan effective interest rate was 6.0% at December 31, 2021.

Borrowings under the Incremental Term Loan Facility are, at the option of the Borrower, either (i) alternate base rate (“ABR”) plus 5.50% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 6.50% per annum. The 2021 Incremental Term Loans from and after the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans Closing Date, or November 10, 2021, and the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans, bear interest at either (i) ABR plus 4.00% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 5.00% per annum.

On March 14, 2022, the Company entered into Amendment No. 7 to the Credit Agreement and Incremental Facility Agreement (“Amendment No. 7”). Amendment No. 7 provided that (a) the 2021 Incremental Term Loans, from and after the Amendment No. 7 Effective Date, will bear interest at either (i) ABR plus 5.50% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 6.50% per annum and (b) the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans, from and after the Amendment No. 7 Effective Date, will bear interest at either (i) ABR plus 5.50% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 6.50% per annum. Amendment No. 7 further amended the Credit Agreement to remove testing of the Net Leverage Ratio for the December 31, 2021 period and increased the maximum permitted Net Leverage Ratio for future reporting periods through March 31, 2023. The Company incurred $1.7 million of debt issuance costs associated with Amendment No. 7, which are being amortized over the life of the debt to interest expense using the effective interest method.

On August 12, 2022, the Company entered into Amendment No. 8 to the Credit Agreement and Incremental Facility Agreement (“Amendment No. 8”). Amendment No. 8 provided that (a) the 2021 Incremental Term Loans, from and after the Amendment No. 8 Effective Date, will bear interest at either (i) ABR plus 6.50% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 7.50% per annum and (b) the 2021-2 Incremental Term Loans, from and after the Amendment No. 8 Effective Date, will bear interest at either (i) ABR plus 6.50% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 7.50% per annum. Amendment No. 8 further amended the Credit Agreement to increase the maximum permitted Net Leverage Ratio for future reporting periods from December 31, 2022 through June 30, 2023.

The Term Loan Facilities are payable in quarterly installments in the principal amount of 0.25% of the original principal amount. The remaining unpaid balance on the Term Loan Facilities, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, is due and payable on or prior to September 13, 2025.

The Credit Agreement provided for a $30.0 million aggregate principal amount senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). During 2020, the Company entered into a series of amendments to the Credit Agreement to provide for $28.0 million of incremental revolving credit (the “Incremental Revolving Credit Facilities”).

On May 7, 2021, the Company entered into a fourth amendment to the Credit Agreement, which provided $142.0 million of incremental revolving credit (the “Incremental No. 4 Revolving Credit Facility”), for a total amount of $200.0 million.

The Company collectively refers to the Revolving Credit Facility, the Incremental Revolving Credit Facilities, and the Incremental No. 4 Revolving Credit Facility as the “Revolving Credit Facilities”.

Amendment No. 5, as described above, also separated the Revolving Credit Facilities into two classes of revolving commitments consisting of Class A Revolving Commitments in the amount of $30.0 million and Class B Revolving Commitments in the amount of $170.0 million.

Borrowings under the Class A Revolving Commitments bear interest at either ABR plus 5.50% per annum or LIBOR plus 6.50% per annum. Borrowings under the Class B Revolving Commitments bear interest at either ABR plus 3.00% per annum or LIBOR plus 4.00% per annum. The Borrower is required to pay a commitment fee of 0.50% per annum under the Revolving Credit Facilities.

The Company had $23.2 million outstanding under the Class A Revolving Credit Facilities and $131.8 million outstanding under the Class B Revolving Credit Facilities as of both June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The Revolving Credit Facilities have a remaining capacity of $45.0 million in the aggregate as of June 30, 2022. The Class A Revolving Credit Facilities and Class B Revolving Credit Facilities weighted-average effective interest rates were 8.1% and 5.6% at June 30, 2022, respectively, and 7.5% and 5.0% at December 31, 2021, respectively.

Outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facilities do not amortize and are due and payable on September 13, 2024.

The Borrower’s obligations under the Term Loan Facilities and Revolving Credit Facilities are guaranteed by Blizzard Midco, LLC and certain of the Borrower’s subsidiaries. All obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Borrower, including a pledge of all of the equity interests of its subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default and financial and non-financial covenants. The Company is in compliance with all covenants as of June 30, 2022.

In connection with the Company’s IPO in July 2020, the Company’s board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) approved an amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws. The amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 1,100,000 shares of Class A common stock, 690,000 shares of Class B common stock and 20,000 shares of preferred stock, each having a par value of $0.0001 per share. The number of shares of Class B common stock authorized is reduced for redemptions and forfeitures as they occur.

The Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the GoHealth Holdings, LLC Agreement require that the Company and GoHealth Holdings, LLC at all times maintain a 1-to-one ratio between the number of shares of Class A common stock issued by the Company and the number of LLC Interests owned by the Company, except as otherwise determined by the Company. Additionally, the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the GoHealth Holdings, LLC Agreement require that the Company and GoHealth Holdings, LLC at all times maintain a 1-to-one ratio between the number of shares of Class B common stock owned by the Continuing Equity Owners and their respective permitted transferees and the number of LLC Interests owned by the Continuing Equity Owners and their respective permitted transferees, except as otherwise determined by the Company. Only the Continuing Equity Owners and the permitted transferees of Class B common stock are permitted to hold shares of Class B common stock. Shares of Class B common stock are transferable for shares of Class A common stock only together with an equal number of LLC Interests.

Holders of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock are entitled to 1 vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Each share of Class B common stock entitles its holders to 1 vote per share on all matters presented to the Company’s stockholders generally. Holders of shares of Class B common stock will vote together with holders of the Company’s Class A common stock as a single class on all matters presented to the Company’s stockholders for their vote or approval, except for certain amendments to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation or as otherwise required by applicable law or the amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Holders of our Class B common stock are not entitled to participate in any dividends declared by our Board of Directors. Under the terms of the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, the Company’s Board of Directors is authorized to direct the Company to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series without stockholder approval. The Company’s Board of Directors has the discretion to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, of each series of preferred stock.

The Continuing Equity Owners may, subject to certain exceptions, from time to time at each of their options require GoHealth Holdings, LLC to redeem all or a portion of their LLC Interests in exchange for, at the Company’s election (determined by at least two of the Company’s independent directors who are disinterested), newly-issued shares of Class A common stock on a 1-for-one basis, or to the extent there is cash available from a secondary offering, a cash payment equal to a volume weighted average market price of one share of the Company’s Class A common stock for each LLC Interest so redeemed, in each case, in accordance with the terms of the GoHealth Holdings, LLC Agreement.

The weighted average ownership percentages for the applicable reporting periods are used to attribute net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) to the Company and the non-controlling interest holders. The non-controlling interest holders' weighted average ownership percentages for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were 61.5% and 62.6%, respectively. The non-controlling interest holders' weighted average ownership percentages for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 were 68.1% and 69.7%, respectively.

Upon the Company’s dissolution or liquidation, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will be entitled to receive ratable portions of the Company’s remaining assets available for distribution; provided, that the holders of Class B common stock shall not be entitled to receive more than $0.0001 per share of Class B common stock and upon receiving such amount, shall not be entitled to receive any of the Company’s other assets or funds with respect to such shares of Class B common stock.

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense by operating function for the periods presented:

On December 19, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of the GoHealth, Inc. 2021 Employment Inducement Award Plan (as amended from time to time, the “Inducement Award Plan”). In accordance with Rule 5635(c)(4), awards under the Inducement Award Plan may only be made to a newly hired employee who has not previously been a member of the Board of Directors, or an employee who is being rehired following a bona fide period of non-employment by the Company or a subsidiary, as a material inducement to the employee’s entering into employment with the Company or its subsidiary. On June 3, 2022, the Company approved an amendment to the Inducement Award Plan, solely to increase the shares of the Company’s Class A common stock reserved for issuance from an aggregate of 4,000 Class A shares to an aggregate of 25,000 Class A shares.

On June 7, 2022, the Company granted, to certain of its executives, an aggregate of 7,667 shares of Class A common stock issuable pursuant to RSUs, all of which were fully vested on the date of grant. The Company recognized the grant-date fair value of these RSUs, or $6.3 million, as compensation expense on the date of grant.

On June 7, 2022, the Company granted, to certain of its executives, an aggregate of 2,917 shares of Class A common stock issuable pursuant to volume weighted average PSUs (“VWAPs”). The number of shares issued on the third anniversary of the date of grant is based on volume weighted average price performance over such three year period (“Three Year VWAP”) in the following percentages: (i) 50% if the Three Year VWAP is equal to or greater than $2.00 but less than $3.00; (ii) 100% if the Three Year VWAP is equal to or greater than $3.00 but less than $4.00; (iii) 150% if the Three Year VWAP is equal to or greater than $4.00 but less than $6.00; and (iv) 200% if the Three Year VWAP is equal to or greater than $6.00. The Company estimated the grant-date fair value of the awards subject to a market condition using a Monte Carlo simulation model, using the following weighted-average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 2.9% and annualized volatility of 94.0%. The grant-date fair value of the VWAPs was $0.55. The Company recognizes the grant-date fair value of VWAPs as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the three-year performance period.

During 2021, the Company granted to certain of its employees 489 shares of Class A common stock issuable pursuant to PSUs. The criteria for the market-based PSUs is based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to the TSR of the common stock of a pre-defined industry peer group. TSR is measured at the end of the performance period, which is generally the period commencing on the grant date and ending on the three-year anniversary of the grant date. Depending on the relative TSR achieved, the number of PSUs earned can vary from 0% of the target award to a maximum of 200% of the target award. The Company estimated the grant-date fair value of the awards subject to a market condition using a Monte Carlo simulation model, using the following weighted-average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 0.2% and annualized volatility of 72.0%. The grant-date fair value of the PSUs was $22.17. The Company recognizes the grant-date fair value of PSUs as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the three-year performance period.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense related to PSUs of $0.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense related to PSUs of $0.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

On July 7, 2020, the Company adopted the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2020 ESPP”), which became effective on the same date. The purpose of the 2020 ESPP is to provide the Company's eligible employees with an opportunity to purchase designated shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price equal to 85% of the lower of the closing price at the beginning or end of each offering period. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company issued 662 shares of Class A common stock through the 2020 ESPP. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company issued 50 shares of Class A common stock through the 2020 ESPP.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense related to the 2020 ESPP of $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense related to the 2020 ESPP of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

On June 6, 2022, the Founders were each awarded two stock appreciation rights ("SARs") under the 2020 Plan. The first SAR received by each Founder was granted on June 6, 2022, and the second SAR received by each Founder will be granted on or about June 1, 2023. Each SAR will be settled in cash with an aggregate grant date value equal to $1.5 million (the number of shares to be determined by dividing such value by the per share Black-Scholes valuation as of the date of grant), will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and will be exercisable in full on the third anniversary of the date of grant. There is no future service requirement in connection with the SARs, and as such, the total initial fair value of the awards is recorded as expense at the time of the grant. The fair value of the SARs liability is revalued (marked-to-market) each reporting period using the Black-Scholes valuation model, based on the Company’s period-end stock price. SARs are liability-classified awards, and as such, are recorded within other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded $2.1 million of share-based compensation expense related to the SARs.

On April 25, 2022 and in accordance with the terms of the GoHealth, Inc. 2020 Incentive Award Plan, the Board of Directors approved a stock option repricing (the “Repricing”) where the exercise price of each Relevant Option (as defined below) was reduced to $1.05 per share, the average trailing 20 trading day closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock as of market close on the day of board approval. “Relevant Options” are all outstanding stock options as of April 25, 2022 (vested or unvested) to acquire shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that were issued to currently employed employees prior to April 1, 2022, but excluding stock options granted to certain executive officers. Except for the reduction in the exercise price of the Relevant Options, all outstanding stock options will continue to remain outstanding in accordance with their current terms and conditions. As a result of the Repricing, the Company will record an incremental share-based compensation charge of $1.1 million, of which $0.3 million was recognized on the date of the Repricing and $0.8 million is recognized over the remaining term of the repriced options.

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to GoHealth, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is computed giving effect to all potentially dilutive shares. Diluted loss per share for all periods presented is the same as basic loss per share as the inclusion of potentially issuable shares would be antidilutive.

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share of Class A common stock is as follows:

The following number of shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share because the effect of including such potentially dilutive shares would have been antidilutive:

Shares of Class B common stock do not share in earnings and are not participating securities. Accordingly, separate presentation of loss per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented.

The Company is taxed as a corporation for income tax purposes and is subject to federal, state, and local taxes on the income allocated to it from GHH, LLC based upon the Company’s economic interest in GHH, LLC. The Company is the sole managing member of GHH, LLC and, as a result, consolidates the financial results of GHH, LLC. GHH, LLC is a limited liability company taxed as a partnership for income tax purposes, and the subsidiaries of GHH, LLC are limited liability companies for income tax purposes except for a subsidiary and its foreign subsidiary, which are taxed as a corporation and foreign disregarded entity, respectively. As such, GHH, LLC does not pay any federal income taxes, as income or loss is included in the tax returns of the individual members. Additionally, certain wholly-owned entities taxed as corporations are subject to federal, state, and foreign income taxes in the jurisdictions in which they operate, and accruals for such taxes are included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was 0.00% and (0.31)%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was 0.08% and 0.14%, respectively. The effective tax rate for each period is lower than the statutory tax rate primarily due to the effect of loss entities for which the Company excludes from its annual effective tax rate calculation and loss attributable to non-controlling interests.

In connection with the IPO, the Company entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement with GHH, LLC, the Continuing Equity Owners and the Blocker Shareholders (the “TRA”), which provides for the payment by the Company to the Continuing Equity Owners and the Blocker Shareholders of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that the Company actually realizes (or in some circumstances is deemed to realize). The amounts payable under the TRA vary depending upon a number of factors, including the amount, character, and timing of the taxable income of the Company in the future. As of June 30, 2022, the Company has determined there is no resulting liability related to the TRA. Should the Company determine that the TRA liability will be considered probable at a future date based on new information, any changes will be recorded within income from continuing operations at that time.

The Company’s variable consideration includes the total estimated lifetime value (“LTV”) it expects to receive for selling an insurance product after the carrier approves an application. The consideration is variable based on the amount of time it estimates a policy will remain in force, which is based on historical experience or carrier experience to the extent available, industry data, and expectations as to future retention rates. Additionally, the Company considers the application of a constraint and only recognizes the amount of variable consideration that it believes is probable that it will be entitled to receive and will not be subject to a significant revenue reversal in the future. Due to lower persistency observed during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and declining LTV estimates, the Company applied an incremental LTV constraint to all Medicare policies sold in the first and second quarters of 2022.

On a quarterly basis, the Company re-estimates LTV at a vintage level for outstanding vintages, reviews and monitors changes in the data used to estimate LTV, as well as the cash received for each vintage as compared to the original estimates. The difference between cash received for each vintage and the respective estimated LTV can be significant and may or may not be indicative of the need to adjust revenue for prior period vintages. Changes in LTV may result in an increase or a decrease to revenue and a corresponding change to commissions receivable. The Company analyzes these differences and to the extent the Company believes differences in the estimates are indicative of a change to prior period LTVs, the Company will adjust revenue for the affected vintages at the time such determination is made and when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded negative revenue adjustments of $3.6 million and $6.2 million, respectively, for changes in estimates relating to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded a negative revenue adjustment of $1.4 million and $3.6 million, respectively, relating to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods.

The Company records contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers as it relates to commissions receivable, commissions payable and deferred revenue. Commissions receivable represents estimated variable consideration for commissions to be received from insurance carriers for performance obligations that have been satisfied. Commissions payable represents estimated commissions to be paid to the Company’s external agents and other partners. Deferred revenue includes amounts collected for partner marketing and enrollment services and technology licensing and implementation fees in advance of the Company satisfying its performance obligations for such customers. The Company had unbilled receivables for performance-based enrollment fees as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 of $3.3 million and $20.1 million, respectively, which are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. There are no other contract assets or contract liabilities recorded by the Company.

For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.1 million of revenue that was deferred as of December 31, 2021. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $26 thousand and $0.1 million, respectively, of revenue that was deferred as of December 31, 2020.

Our contracts with carriers expose us to credit risk as a financial loss could be incurred if the counterparty does not fulfill its financial obligation. While we are exposed to credit losses due to the potential non-performance of our counterparties, we consider the risk of this remote. We estimate our maximum credit risk in determining the commissions receivable amount recorded on the balance sheet.

Commissions receivable activity is summarized as follows:

Upon transition, on January 1, 2021, we recorded the following increases (decreases) to the respective line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheet:

Under ASC 842, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the arrangement. We have entered into operating and finance lease agreements with lease periods expiring between 2022 and 2032. Operating leases primarily consist of real estate and data centers, and finance leases primarily consist of office equipment.

As of January 1, 2021, with the adoption of ASC 842, leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset and are based upon the lease liabilities adjusted for prepayments or accrued lease payments, initial direct costs, lease incentives, and impairment of operating lease assets. Lease liabilities represent the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The implicit rate within each lease is not readily determinable and therefore we use our incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of the lease payments. The determination of the incremental borrowing rate requires judgement. We determined our incremental borrowing rate for each lease using indicative bank borrowing rates, adjusted for various factors including level of collateralization, term and treasury yield curves to align with the terms of the respective lease.

The Company has elected the following practical expedients for all classes of leased assets:

Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. We do not include any renewal options in the lease terms for calculating lease liability, as the renewal options allow us to maintain operational flexibility and we are not reasonably certain that we will exercise these renewal options at the time of lease commencement.

Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Components of lease expense are as follows, all recorded within operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations:

On February 15, 2022, the Company entered into a lease agreement for a site in Slovakia related to our Slovakian operations. The lease is expected to commence on October 1, 2022 with a lease term through March 31, 2030. Annual rent payments are not expected to be material to the financial statements.

As of June 30, 2022, future minimum lease payments for operating leases consisted of the following:

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases are as follows: