| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include the operations of the Company. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Retroactive Application of Recapitalization As discussed in Note 3 – Business Combination, the Business Combination on December 22, 2021 was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization (“ Reverse Recapitalization”) of equity structure, whereby at the Closing Date, the outstanding Class A, B and C units of Legacy AdTheorent, and the outstanding stock options and Restricted Interest Units of Legacy AdTheorent were exchanged for the Company’s Common Stock and equity awards using a ratio (“Exchange Ratio”) of 1.376 and 1.563 , respectively. Accordingly, pursuit to GAAP, the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes have been recast and are presented on an if-converted basis using the respective Exchange Ratio. In addition, the Exchange Ratio is utilized for calculating earnings per share in all prior periods presented. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and judgments are inherent in the analysis and measurement of items. Management bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may be affected by changes in these estimates. These estimates are based on the information available as of the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements. COVID-19 Pandemic In response to the business disruptions created by the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”), the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was signed in the U.S. to assist companies in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. The CARES Act provides for refundable employee retention tax credits and the deferral of the employer-paid portion of social security taxes. The Company elected to defer the employer-paid portion of social security payroll taxes. The Company repaid the deferred employment taxes of $ 930 in the year ended December 31, 2021, and there was $ 0 of the employer portion of social security tax accrued as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Liquidity As of December 31, 2022, the Company had cash of $ 72,579 and working capital, consisting of current assets, less current liabilities, of $ 104,310 . We believe our existing cash and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet the Company’s working capital requirements for at least the next 12 months. Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ ASC”) 805, which requires us to exercise judgment and make estimates and assumptions based on available information regarding the fair values of the elements of a business combination as of the date of acquisition, including the fair values of identifiable intangible assets, deferred tax asset valuation allowances, liabilities related to uncertain tax positions and contingencies. We must also refine these estimates over a one-year measurement period, to reflect any new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date. We may utilize independent third-party valuation firms to assist in making these fair value determinations. Segments The Company operates in one segment in accordance with ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”). The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) reviews financial information on an aggregated and consolidated basis, together with certain operating and performance measures principally to make decisions about how to allocate resources and to measure the Company’s performance. While the Company has sales offices in different geographical regions, which results in a possibility for different operating segments by region, the Company is not managed by geographical locations. As the CODM does not review operating results by geographic location, determining operating segments in this manner would not be appropriate. Therefore, the Company has one reportable segment. Geographic Data Revenue by geographic region for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows:
Year ended December 31,
2022 2021
U.S. $ 159,909 $ 160,821
Canada 5,957 4,032
United Kingdom 112 492
France 102 —
Other 2 20
Total $ 166,082 $ 165,365 Over 99 % of all of total consolidated long-lived assets are located in the U.S. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels: Level 1 — Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets. Level 2 — Inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and quoted prices identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active. Level 3 — Unobservable inputs of which there is little or no market data, which require the Company to develop its own assumptions. Financial instruments (principally cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses) are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying amounts of debt and other obligations, approximate fair value based on credit terms and market interest rates currently available for similar instruments. Accordingly, those instruments are not presented in Note 17 — Fair Value Measurements. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021 , the Company did no t have cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable, Net of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount, are unsecured, and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in existing accounts receivable. The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined based on historical collection experience and the review in each period of the status of the then-outstanding accounts receivable, while taking into consideration current client information, subsequent collection history and other relevant data. The Company individually reviews all balances that exceed 90 days from the invoice date and assesses for provisions for doubtful accounts based on an assessment of the balance that will not be collected. Factors considered include the aging of the receivable, historical write off experience, the creditworthiness of each agency customer, and general economic conditions. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is remote. Prepaid Expenses Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets consists primarily of prepaid income taxes, software, marketing, and insurance. Any expenses paid prior to the related services being rendered are recorded as prepaid expenses and amortized over the per iod of service. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment are recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets, which bests reflects the pattern of use. The useful life of computer equipment is determined to be five years . The Company tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances that could impact recoverability occur. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that increase the value or productive capacity of assets are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired, sold, or otherwise disposed of, the asset’s carrying amount and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is included within operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Intangible Assets Intangible assets primarily consist of acquired software, non-compete agreements, customer relationships and trademarks/tradenames resulting from business combinations. Intangible assets acquired are recorded at acquisition-date fair value, less accumulated amortization. The Company’s intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method which best reflects the pattern of use, as follows:
Description Estimated Life (Years)
Software 2 - 3
Non-compete agreements 5
Customer relationships 7
Trademarks/tradename 10 - 15 Software Development Costs Development costs associated with certain solutions offered exclusively through software as a service model are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 350-40, Internal-Use Software (“ASC 350-40”). Under ASC 350-40 qualifying software costs developed for internal use are capitalized when application development begins, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used as intended. Capitalized costs include (1) payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with, and devote time to, a qualifying project and (2) certain external direct costs for third-parties who are directly associated with, and devote time to, a qualifying project. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage of development as well as maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The Company capitalizes direct costs related to application development activities that are probable to result in additional functionality. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over two years , which best represents the pattern of the software’s useful life. The Company tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances that could impact recoverability occur. There were no impairments recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 . Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company assesses the recoverability of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances indicate their carrying value may not be recoverable. Such events or changes in circumstances may include: a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which a long-lived asset is being used, significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or development of a long-lived asset, current or future operating or cash flow losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset, or a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. The Company performs impairment testing at the asset group level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The Company assesses recoverability of a long-lived asset by determining whether the carrying value of the asset group can be recovered through projected undiscounted cash flows over their remaining lives. If the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the forecasted undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized, measured as the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds estimated fair value. An impairment loss is charged to operations in the period in which management determines such impairment. There were no impairments recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 . Goodwill Goodwill represents the fair value of acquired businesses in excess of the fair value of the individually identified net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually or whenever indications of impairment exist. Impairment exists when the carrying amount, including goodwill, of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, resulting in an impairment charge for this excess (not to exceed the carrying amount of the goodwill). For purposes of the goodwill impairment test, the Company has determined the business operates in one reporting unit. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company has the option to begin with a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit containing goodwill is less than its carrying value. This qualitative assessment may include, but is not limited to, reviewing factors such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, entity-specific financial performance and other events, including changes in our management, strategy and primary user base. If the Company elects to bypass qualitatively assessing goodwill, or it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, management estimates the fair value of the reporting unit and compares it to the carrying value. The estimated fair value of the reporting unit is established using an income approach based on a discounted cash flow model that includes significant assumptions about the future operating results and cash flows of the reporting unit, and a market approach which compares the reporting unit to comparable companies in our industry. Determining fair value requires the exercise of significant judgments, including judgments about appropriate discount rates, long-term growth rates, relevant comparable company earnings multiples and the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. If the test results in a fair value less that the carrying value, the loss is recorded within operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period the determination is made. (Refer to Note 9 — Goodwill). Revenue The Company generates revenue by using its proprietary machine learning-powered technology platform to execute targeted digital advertising campaigns, offering advanced predictive targeting solutions across different customer industry verticals and consumer screens (desktop, mobile, and CTV), including customized targeting, measurement and analytical services to address unique advertiser challenges. The Company’s customers consist of clients working directly with the Company and advertising agencies working on behalf of its customers. The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09 (Topic 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). (Refer to Note 4 — Revenue Recognition). Expenses The Company classifies its Operating expenses into the following four categories. Each expense category includes overhead, including depreciation, amortization, rent and related occupancy costs, which is allocated based on headcount. Platform Operations Platform operations consists of the cost of revenue including advertising inventory, third party inventory validation and measurement, ad-serving, ad-verification, research and data (collectively referred to as ‘traffic acquisition costs’ or TAC), amortization expense related to capitalized software, depreciation expense, allocated costs of the Company’s personnel which set up and monitor campaign performance and platform hosting, license, and maintenance costs. Allocated overhead costs were $ 768 and $ 1,125 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Sales and Marketing Sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and commission costs of the sales and related support teams, as well as travel, trade show, and other marketing related costs. Advertising costs are charged to operations when incurred. Total advertising costs amounted to $ 251 and $ 343 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Allocated overhead costs were $ 1,251 and $ 1,909 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Technology and Development Technology and development expenses consists primarily of employee costs, including salaries, bonuses, equity-based compensation, travel expenses, and employee benefit costs associated with the ongoing development and maintenance of the Company's technology platform. Technology and development costs are expensed as incurred, except to the extent that such costs are associated with software development that qualifies for capitalization, which are then recorded as capitalized software development costs. Allocated overhead costs were $ 521 and $ 666 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. General and Administrative Expense General and administrative expenses include compensation for executive and administrative personnel, professional service fees, insurance, supplies, and other fixed costs. Allocated overhead costs were $ 180 and $ 251 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 , respectively. Equity-based Compensation Compensation expense related to employee equity-based awards is measured and recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements based on the fair value of the awards granted. The Company granted awards to employees that vest based solely on continued service, or service conditions, and awards that vest based on the achievement of performance targets, or performance conditions. The fair value of each option award containing service and/or performance conditions is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) containing service and/or performance conditions is estimated on the grant date using the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock. For service condition awards, equity-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards. For performance condition awards, equity-based compensation expense is recognized using a graded vesting model over the requisite service period of the awards. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. (Refer to Note 13 — Equity-Based Compensation Expense). Debt Issuance Cost Deferred issuance costs relate to the Company’s debt instruments, the short-term and long-term portions are reflected as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt. The debt issuance costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the related debt instrument which approximates the effective interest method. Debt issuance costs incurred with line-of-credit arrangements are recorded as Other assets on our consolidated balance sheets and amortized over the term of the arrangement. Debt may be considered extinguished when it has been modified and the terms of the new debt instruments and old debt instruments are “substantially different” (as defined in the debt modification guidance in ASC Topic 470-50, Debt — Modifications and Extinguishments). Income Taxes Income tax expense includes federal, state, and foreign taxes and is based on reported income before income taxes. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are anticipated to be settled or realized. The Company regularly reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination as to whether a deferred tax asset will be realized is made on a jurisdictional basis and is based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence. This evidence includes historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversal of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies. The Company recognizes the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from uncertain tax positions are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. No tax benefits are recognized for positions that do not meet this threshold. Interest related to uncertain tax positions is recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and is accrued beginning in the period that such interest would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized. The Company is required to file tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various states, and in Canada. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax benefits (if any) in the tax provision. Contingencies A liability is contingent if the amount is not presently known but may become known in the future as a result of the occurrence of some uncertain future event. The Company accrues a liability for an estimated loss if it is determined that the potential loss is probable of occurring and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required in both the determination of probability and the determination as to whether the amount of an exposure is reasonably estimable, and accruals are based only on the information available to our management at the time the judgment is made. The Company expenses legal costs, including those legal costs incurred in connection with a loss contingency, as incurred. Seller’s Earn-Out Accounting for the Seller’s Earn-Out to Legacy AdTheorent equity holders and vested Exchanged Option holders as of the Closing Date The Seller’s Earn-Out, as defined in Note 3 — Business Combination, can be settled in cash or shares at the discretion of the Company. The contingent issuance of the Seller’s Earn-Out consideration to Legacy AdTheorent equity holders and vested Exchanged Option holders as of the Closing Date, on a pro rata ownership basis, would be accounted for as an equity transaction if the Seller’s Earn-Out Target is met. The Company determined that the contingent obligation to Legacy AdTheorent equity holders and vested Exchanged Option holders as of the Closing Date is not indexed to the Company's stock under ASC 815-40 and therefore equity treatment is precluded. As such the Seller's Earn-Out to Legacy AdTheorent equity holders and vested Exchanged Option holders as of the Closing Date will be fair valued at each reporting period and liability classified, with any changes in fair value being recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 15 – Seller’s Earn-Out for further details. Accounting for the Seller’s Earn-Out to Exchanged Option and Exchanged Unit holders as of the Closing Date The grant of the Seller’s Earn-Out to holders of the unvested Exchanged Option or Exchanged Unit’s as of the Closing Date was determined by the Company to be a compensatory award and accounted for under ASC 718, Share-based Compensation . The payment of the Seller's Earn-Out is contingent on continued employment. Under this guidance, the award is measured at fair value at the grant date. The Company determined the expense will be recognized over the longer of the derived requisite service period or remaining time-based vesting period on the underlying unvested Exchanged Option or Exchanged Unit. The Seller's Earn-Out target for employees underlying the stock option are equity-classified so periodic expense is based on the fair value of the award as of the grant date. The Seller's Earn-Out to unvested Exchanged Option and Exchanged Unit holders as of the Closing Date is subject to a last man standing arrangement, whereby if an unvested Exchanged Option or Exchanged Unit holder forfeits their respective award, the total Seller’s Earn-Out is reallocated among the Legacy AdTheorent equity holders, vested Exchanged Option holders as of the Closing Date and the remaining unvested Exchanged Option and Exchanged Unit holders. The Company determined they would account for a forfeiture of an unvested Exchanged Option and Exchanged Unit as a forfeiture of the Seller's Earn-Out award by one unvested Exchanged Option and Exchanged Unit and regrant of options to the other unvested Exchanged Option and Exchanged Unit holders. See Note 15 – Seller’s Earn-Out for further details. Public and Private Placement Warrants The Company classifies the Public and Private Placement Warrants as liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as these instruments are precluded from being indexed to the Company’s Common Stock given the terms allow for inputs outside of a fixed-for-fixed option pricing model and therefore does not meet the scope of the fixed-for-fixed exception in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging . The Public and Private Placement Warrants were initially recorded at fair value on the date of the Business Combination and are subsequently adjusted to fair value at each subsequent reporting date. Changes in the fair value of these instruments are recognized within change in fair value of Warrants in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Emerging Growth Company From time to time, new accounting pronouncements, or Accounting Standard Updates (“ASU”) are issued by the FASB, or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations upon adoption. The Company is an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”) and may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with those standards. This means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public and nonpublic companies, the Company has the option to adopt the new or revised standard at the time nonpublic companies adopt the new or revised standard and can do so until such time that the Company either (i) irrevocably elects to “opt out” of such extended transition period or (ii) no longer qualifies as an emerging growth company. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards unless the Company otherwise early adopts select standards. Leases The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) on January 1, 2022 using the cumulative effect transition method for leases in existence as of the date of adoption. The reported results for 2022 reflect the application of ASC 842 guidance while the reported results for 2021 were prepared under the previous guidance of ASC 840, Leases (“ASC 840”). The adoption of ASC 842 represents a change in accounting principle that recognizes right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities arising from all leases based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term. Our leases often include options to extend or terminate at our sole discretion, which are included in the determination of lease term when they are reasonably certain to be exercised. Consistent with ASC 840, lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company’s adoption of ASC 842 had no impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations or the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. We do not record leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on our consolidated balance sheet but continue to record rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within ASC 842, which allows for the following: (i) to carry forward the historical lease classification, (ii) not to reassess whether any existing contract contains a lease and (iii) not to reassess initial direct costs for existing leases. The Company categorizes leases at their inception as either operating or finance leases. Operating leases are classified as non-current operating lease right-of-use assets and current and non-current operating lease liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company did not have any finance leases upon adoption on January 1, 2022 or as of December 31, 2022. Adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of operating right-of-use assets of $ 6,507 , along with associated operating lease liabilities of $ 8,376 as of January 1, 2022. The difference between the operating lease ROU assets and total operating lease liabilities is the reclassification of previously recognized deferred rent liabilities against operating lease ROU assets. The adoption of ASC 842 did not result in an adjustment to retained earnings and it did not impact the Company's deferred tax assets or liabilities. The Company’s operating leases are primarily for real property in support of its business operations. Although the Company's leases may contain renewal options, the Company is generally not reasonably certain to exercise these options at the commencement date. Accordingly, renewal options are generally not included in the lease term for determining the ROU asset and lease liability at commencement. The Company has elected to account for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component. Payments to lessors for reimbursement of real estate taxes, common area maintenance costs or insurance as applicable are generally variable in nature and are also expensed as incurred as variable lease costs and not included in the right-of-use assets or lease liabilities. Variable lease payment amounts that cannot be determined at lease commencement such as increases in lease payments based on changes in index rates or usage, are not included in the right-of-use assets or liabilities. Such variable payments are expensed as incurred. Discount rates are determined based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate as the Company’s leases generally do not provide an implicit rate. See Note 20 – Leases for further details. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) In February 2016, the FASB issued A SC 842, which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, and presentation of all leases on the balance sheet as well as provides for additional lease disclosure requirements. The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2022 using the cumulative effect transition method for leases in existence as of the date of adoption. See above for the Company's accounting policy for leases under ASC 842 and the impact from adoption. ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) (“ASU 2020-04”), subsequently clarified in January 2021 by ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) (“ASU 2021-01”) . The main pro |
