Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
References to the “Company,” “Twin Ridge Capital Acquisition Corp.,” “our,” “us” or “we” refer to Twin Ridge Capital Acquisition Corp. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on the Form 10-Q (the “Report”), including, without limitation, statements under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our recently announced proposed Business Combination with Carbon Revolution, includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the words “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “potential,” “projects,” “predicts,” “continue,” or “should,” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. There can be no assurance that actual results will not materially differ from expectations. Such statements include, but are not limited to, any statements relating to our ability to consummate any acquisition or other Business Combination and any other statements that are not statements of current or historical facts. These statements are based on management’s current expectations, but actual results may differ materially due to various factors, including, but not limited to:
• | our ability to select an appropriate target business or businesses; |
• | our ability to complete our initial Business Combination, including our recently announced proposed Business Combination with Carbon Revolution; |
• | our expectations around the performance of a prospective target business or businesses; |
• | our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors following our initial Business Combination; |
• | our officers and directors allocating their time to other businesses and potentially having conflicts of interest with our business or in approving our initial Business Combination; |
• | our potential ability to obtain additional financing to complete our initial Business Combination; |
• | our pool of prospective target businesses; |
• | our ability to consummate an initial Business Combination due to the uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic; |
• | the ability of our officers and directors to generate a number of potential Business Combination opportunities; |
• | our public securities’ potential liquidity and trading; |
• | the lack of a market for our securities; |
• | the use of proceeds not held in the Trust Account or available to us from interest income on the Trust Account balance; |
• | the Trust Account not being subject to claims of third parties; |
• | our financial performance following our IPO; or |
• | the other risks and uncertainties discussed in “Risk Factors” and our other reports filed with the SEC, including our Form 10-K/A. |
The forward-looking statements contained in this Report are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurances that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K/A. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated on January 7, 2021 as a Cayman Islands exempted company for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. On March 6, 2023, we held an Extension Meeting to amend our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to extend the date by which we have to consummate a Business Combination. In connection with that vote, the holders of 15,042,168 Class A ordinary shares of the Company properly exercised their right to redeem their shares for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $153,567,547 or $10.21 per share. After the satisfaction of such redemptions and receipt of the initial deposit of $480,000 to the Trust Account, the balance in our Trust Account was approximately $64,457,034.
We intend to effectuate our initial Business Combination using cash from the proceeds of our IPO and the private placement of the Private Placement Warrants, the proceeds of the sale of our shares in connection with our initial Business Combination (pursuant to forward purchase agreements or backstop agreements we may enter into following the consummation of our IPO or otherwise), shares issued to the owners of the target, debt issued to bank or other lenders or the owners of the target, or a combination of the foregoing or other sources.
The issuance of additional shares in a Business Combination:
| • | may significantly dilute the equity interest of investors in our initial public offering, which dilution would increase if the anti-dilution provisions in the Class B ordinary shares resulted in the issuance of Class A ordinary shares on a greater than one-to-one basis upon conversion of the Class B ordinary shares; |
| • | may subordinate the rights of holders of Class A ordinary shares if preference shares are issued with rights senior to those afforded our Class A ordinary shares; |
| • | could cause a change in control if a substantial number of our Class A ordinary shares are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; |
| • | may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of us by diluting the share ownership or voting rights of a person seeking to obtain control of us; |
| • | may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our units, Class A ordinary shares and/or warrants; and |
| • | may not result in adjustment to the exercise price of our warrants. |
Similarly, if we issue debt or otherwise incur significant debt, it could result in:
| • | default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after an initial Business Combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations; |
| • | acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant; |
| • | our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt is payable on demand; |
| • | our inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing while the debt is outstanding; |
| • | our inability to pay dividends on our Class A ordinary shares; |
| • | using a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends on our Class A ordinary shares if declared, expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes; |
| • | limitations on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate; |
| • | increased vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation; and |
| • | limitations on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, execution of our strategy and other purposes and other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt. |
We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our initial Business Combination. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete a Business Combination will be successful.
Recent Developments
On November 29, 2022, the Company, Carbon Revolution MergeCo and Merger Sub, entered into the Business Combination Agreement, and on November 30, 2022, Carbon Revolution, the Company and MergeCo entered into the Scheme Implementation Deed. The Business Combination Agreement and the Scheme Implementation Deed contain customary representations, warranties, and covenants by the parties thereto and the closing is subject to certain conditions as further described therein.
Results of Operations
Our entire activity since inception up to June 30, 2023 relates to our formation, our initial public offering and, since the closing of our initial public offering, a search for a Business Combination candidate. We will not be generating any operating revenues until the closing and completion of our initial Business Combination, at the earliest.
For the three months ended June 30, 2023, we had net income of $166,759, which was comprised of change in fair value of warrants of $187,896 and trust interest income of $781,166, offset by operating costs of $795,409 and change in fair value of commitment fee shares of $6,894.
For the three months ended June 30, 2022, we had net income of $1,961,960, which was comprised of change in fair value of warrants of $1,967,243, and trust interest income of $227,211, offset by operating costs of $232,494.
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, we had net income of $43,577, which was comprised of trust interest income of $2,637,379, offset by change in fair value of warrants of $307,831, operating costs of $2,276,267 and change in fair value of commitment fee shares of $9,704.
For the six months ended June 30, 2022, we had net income of $5,929,773, which was comprised of change in fair value of warrants of $6,133,100, and trust interest income of $232,467, offset by operating costs of $435,794.
Going Concern and Liquidity
As of June 30, 2023, the Company had approximately $130,000 in its operating bank account and working capital deficit of approximately $6.2 million.
Until the consummation of a Business Combination, the Company will be using the funds not held in the Trust Account for identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, performing due diligence on prospective target businesses, paying for travel expenditures, selecting the target business to acquire, and structuring, negotiating and consummating the Business Combination.
We may need to raise further additional capital through loans or additional investments from our Sponsor, shareholders, officers, directors, or third parties. Our officers, directors and Sponsor may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds, from time to time or at any time, in whatever amount they deem reasonable in their sole discretion, to meet our working capital needs. Accordingly, we may not be able to obtain additional financing. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. We cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to it on commercially acceptable terms, if at all.
We have until September 8, 2023 to consummate an initial Business Combination. It is uncertain that we will be able to consummate an initial Business Combination by September 8, 2023. If an initial Business Combination is not consummated by the liquidation date, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution. Additionally, it is uncertain that we will have sufficient liquidity to fund our working capital needs through September 8, 2023, or through twelve months from the issuance of these financial statements. Management has determined that the liquidity condition and mandatory liquidation, should an initial Business Combination not occur, and potential subsequent dissolution raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. No adjustments have been made to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities should we be required to liquidate after September 8, 2023.
On March 10, 2023, the Company issued the Promissory Note to Carbon Revolution. The Promissory Note does not bear interest and matures upon closing of the Company’s initial Business Combination. In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the Promissory Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Trust Account, if any. The proceeds of the Promissory Note will be deposited in the Trust Account. As of June 30, 2023, there was $640,000 outstanding under the Promissory Note. Subsequent to the six-month ended period June 30, 2023 and as of the issuance date of these financial statements, the Company has drawn an additional $320,000 under the Promissory Note for two monthly extensions through September 8, 2023.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of the unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. We have identified the following as our critical accounting policies:
Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption
All of the 21,308,813 Class A ordinary shares sold as part of the Units in our IPO contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such public shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, if there is a shareholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Business Combination and in connection with certain amendments to the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. In accordance with SEC and its staff’s guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require ordinary shares subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity. Therefore, all Class A ordinary shares has been classified outside of permanent equity.
The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of redeemable ordinary shares are affected by charges against additional paid in capital and accumulated deficit.
In connection with that vote, the holders of 15,042,168 Class A ordinary shares of the Company properly exercised their right to redeem their shares for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $153,567,547 or $10.21 per share.
Net Income Per Ordinary Share
The Company has two classes of shares, which are referred to as Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. The 12,210,780 potential Class A ordinary shares for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 because the warrants are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. As a result, diluted net income per ordinary share is the same as basic net income per ordinary share for the periods.
Warrant Liabilities
The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815. The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Class A ordinary shares, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statement of operations. The initial fair value of the Private Placement Warrants and Public Warrants were estimated using a discounted cash flow model.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC 815. Derivative instruments are initially recorded at fair value on the grant date and re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified in the balance sheets as current or non-current based on whether net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
Standby Equity Purchase Agreement
The Company accounts for its CEF as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the agreement’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815. The assessment considers whether the CEF is a freestanding financial instrument pursuant to ASC 480, meets the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the CEF meets all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the CEF is indexed to the Company’s Class A ordinary shares, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at date of the agreement and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the CEF is outstanding. For an agreement that meets all of the criteria for equity classification, the CEF would be required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance.
For an agreement that does not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the CEF would be required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance. The fair value of the CEF is remeasured at each balance sheet date with the change in the estimated fair value of the CEF recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company has analyzed the CEF (as defined in Note 1) and determined it is considered to be a freestanding instrument and does not exhibit any of the characteristics in ASC 480 and therefore are not classified as liabilities under ASC 480.
Commitment Fee Shares Liability
In connection with the CEF, the Company agreed to issue Yorkville 15,000 of the Company’s ordinary shares upon consummation of the initial Business Combination. The Company recorded the fair value of the commitment fee shares liability on the balance sheets and the related expense on its condensed statements of operations. The initial fair value of the commitment fee shares liability was estimated using a discounted cash flow model.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of June 30, 2023, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
JOBS Act
The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, relax certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. We will qualify as an “emerging growth company” and under the JOBS Act will be allowed to comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements based on the effective date for private (not publicly traded) companies. We are electing to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards, and as a result, we may not comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
Additionally, we are in the process of evaluating the benefits of relying on the other reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, if, as an “emerging growth company,” we choose to rely on such exemptions we may not be required to, among other things, (i) provide an auditor’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) provide all of the compensation disclosure that may be required of non-emerging growth public companies under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, (iii) comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the PCAOB regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements (auditor discussion and analysis) and (iv) disclose certain executive compensation related items such as the correlation between executive compensation and performance and comparisons of the principal executive officer’s compensation to median employee compensation. These exemptions will apply for a period of five years following the completion of our initial public offering or until we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” whichever is earlier.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk |
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2023 (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15 (e) and 15d-15 (e) under the Exchange Act) were not effective as of June 30, 2023 due to the material weakness identified for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2022, due to the material weakness in analyzing complex financial instruments including the proper classification of warrants as liabilities, redeemable Class A ordinary shares as temporary equity, and over-allotment as liability. In light of this material weakness, we performed additional analysis as deemed necessary to ensure that our interim financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, management believes that the financial statements included in this Report present fairly in all material respects our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Certain purported shareholders of the Company sent demand letters alleging deficiencies and/or omissions in the Registration Statement on Form F-4, filed by Carbon Revolution with the SEC initially on February 27, 2023 (as may be further amended). The Demands seek additional disclosures to remedy these purported deficiencies. The Company believes that the allegations in the Demands are meritless.
In addition to the other information set forth in this Report, you should carefully consider our risk factors from those disclosed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our Form 10-K/A. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results.
As of the date of this Report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Form 10-K/A. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities |
None
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
None.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |
Not applicable.
None.
Exhibit Number |
| Description |
|
|
|
|
| Certification of Co-Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
|
| Certification of Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
|
| Certification of Co-Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
|
| Certification of Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
101.INS* |
| XBRL Instance Document |
|
|
|
101.SCH* |
| XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
|
|
|
101.CAL* |
| XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
101.DEF* |
| XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
101.LAB* |
| XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
101.PRE* |
| XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
|
|
|
104* |
| Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: August 16, 2023 | Twin Ridge Capital Acquisition Corp. |
|
|
| By: | /s/ William P. Russell, Jr. |
| Name: | William P. Russell, Jr. |
| Title: | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
28