Brenmiller Energy (BNRG) 20-F18 Mar 242023 FY Annual report (foreign)Financial data

Company Profile

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information	12 Months Ended
Document And Entity Information	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
Document Information Line Items
Entity Registrant Name	BRENMILLER ENERGY LTD.
Trading Symbol	BNRG
Document Type	20-F
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	2,151,745
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001901215
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	false
Document Registration Statement	false
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Shell Company Report	false
Entity File Number	001-41402
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	L3
Entity Address, Address Line One	13 Amal St. 4th Floor
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Park Afek
Entity Address, City or Town	Rosh Haayin
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	4809249
Entity Address, Country	IL
Title of 12(b) Security	Ordinary Shares, no par value per share
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Document Accounting Standard	U.S. GAAP
Auditor Firm ID	1309
Auditor Name	Kesselman & Kesselman
Auditor Location	Israel
Business Contact
Document Information Line Items
Entity Address, Address Line One	13 Amal St. 4th Floor
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Park Afek
Entity Address, City or Town	Rosh Haayin
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	4809249
Entity Address, Country	IL
Contact Personnel Name	Avraham Brenmiller
City Area Code	972
Local Phone Number	77-693-5140

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 3,183	$ 6,508
Restricted deposits		34	34
Trade receivables, net of allowance for credit losses of $380 as of December 31, 2023		278	657
Prepaid expenses and other receivables		467	584
Inventory		607	935
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		4,569	8,718
NON-CURRENT ASSETS:
Restricted deposits		85	85
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		1,144	1,539
Property, plant and equipment		4,563	1,878
Other asset		233	240
TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS		6,025	3,742
TOTAL ASSETS		10,594	12,460
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Trade payables		321	246
Deferred revenue		387	418
Other payables		1,401	1,369
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities		611	606
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		2,720	2,639
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES:
European Investment Bank (“EIB”) Loan		4,461	4,255
Operating lease liabilities		533	933
TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES		4,994	5,188
COMMITMENTS
TOTAL LIABILITIES		7,714	7,827
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Ordinary Shares, par value - Authorized 15,000,000 (no par value) and 5,000,000 (NIS 0.2 par value); Issued and outstanding 2,151,745 (no par value) and 1,522,398 (NIS 0.20 par value) as of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022, respectively	[1]	124	88
Additional paid in capital		100,237	91,902
Foreign currency cumulative translation reserve		(2,053)	(1,577)
Accumulated deficit		(95,428)	(85,780)
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY		2,880	4,633
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY		$ 10,594	$ 12,460

[1]Post reverse split and elimination of par value, see Note 10A.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 ₪ / shares shares
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Net of allowance for credit losses (in Dollars) \| $	$ 380
Ordinary shares, par value (in New Shekels per share and Dollars per share) \| (per share)		₪ 0.2
Ordinary shares, shares authorized	15,000,000	5,000,000
Ordinary shares, shares issued	2,151,745	1,522,398
Ordinary shares, shares outstanding	2,151,745	1,522,398

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
REVENUES:
Revenues	$ 621	$ 1,520	$ 395
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
COST OF REVENUES	(1,555)	(1,890)	(4,088)
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, NET	(3,178)	(4,695)	(3,664)
SELLING AND MARKETING	(1,148)	(1,201)	(638)
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE	(4,637)	(4,429)	(2,500)
ROTEM 1 PROJECT – IMPAIRMENT AND CLOSURE LOSS, NET		(251)	(82)
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES), NET	37	(737)	(295)
OPERATING LOSS	(9,860)	(11,683)	(10,872)
INTEREST EXPENSES	(100)	(92)
OTHER FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSES), NET	312	683	(145)
FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSES), NET	212	591	(145)
NET LOSS	$ (9,648)	$ (11,092)	$ (11,017)
NET LOSS PER ORDINARY SHARE:
Basic and diluted loss (in Dollars per share)	$ (4.99)	$ (7.58)	$ (9.23)
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING USED IN COMPUTATION OF BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE (in Shares)	1,952,097	1,462,776	1,193,447
NET LOSS, as above	$ (9,648)	$ (11,092)	$ (11,017)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS – EXCHANGE DIFFERENCES ON TRANSLATION TO PRESENTATION CURRENECY	(476)	(778)	52
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS	(10,124)	(11,870)	(10,965)
Licensing fees
REVENUES:
Revenues		1,500
Thermal Energy Storage Units Sold
REVENUES:
Revenues			285
Engineering Services
REVENUES:
Revenues	$ 621	$ 20	$ 110

Consolidated Statements of Co_2

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net loss per ordinary share, diluted loss	$ (4.79)	$ (7.58)	$ (9.23)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted loss per share	1,952,097	1,462,776	1,193,447

Consolidated Statements of Chan

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Ordinary shares		Additional paid in capital	Foreign currency cumulative translation reserve	Accumulated deficit	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020		$ 63		$ 66,946	$ (851)	$ (63,671)	$ 2,487
Balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2020	[1]	1,111,930
Comprehensive loss for the year					52	(11,017)	(10,965)
Issuance of shares and warrants, net of issuance costs		$ 16		15,661			15,677
Issuance of shares and warrants, net of issuance costs (in Shares)	[1]	258,503
Exercise of options				20			20
Exercise of options (in Shares)	[1]	200
Share-based compensation (Note 10C)				498			498
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021		$ 79		83,125	(799)	(74,688)	7,717
Balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2021	[1]	1,370,633
Comprehensive loss for the year					(778)	(11,092)	(11,870)
Issuance of shares and warrants, net of issuance costs		$ 9		7,165			7,174
Issuance of shares and warrants, net of issuance costs (in Shares)	[1]	151,765
Share-based compensation (Note 10C)				1,612			1,612
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022		$ 88		91,902	(1,577)	(85,780)	$ 4,633
Balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		1,522,398	[1]				1,522,398
Comprehensive loss for the year					(476)	(9,648)	$ (10,124)
Issuance of shares and warrants, net of issuance costs		$ 30		6,456			6,486
Issuance of shares and warrants, net of issuance costs (in Shares)	[1]	533,238
Exercise of warrants (Series 3) and prefunded warrants		$ 2		102			104
Exercise of warrants (Series 3) and prefunded warrants (in Shares)	[1]	34,077
Deemed dividend of $ 92 (change in terms of warrants (Series 3))
Share-based compensation (Note 10C)		$ 4		1,777			1,781
Share-based compensation (Note 10C) (in Shares)	[1]	62,032
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023		$ 124		$ 100,237	$ (2,053)	$ (95,428)	$ 2,880
Balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		2,151,745	[1]				2,151,745

[1]Post reverse split, see Note 10A.

Consolidated Statements of Ch_2

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance costs	$ 176	$ 297	$ 434
Deemed dividend	$ 92

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
CASH FLOWS - OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Loss for the year	$ (9,648)	$ (11,092)	$ (11,017)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation (Note 6)	120	239	250
Impairment and closure net loss on Rotem 1 project		235	82
Loss from write-down of production line		704	311
Gain on sale of equipment	(35)
Non-cash interest and exchange rate differences, net	(94)	(560)	54
Share-based compensation (Note 10C)	1,781	1,470	236
Other		30
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and receivables	456	(610)	(98)
Decrease (increase) in inventory	295	(892)	621
Increase (decrease) in trade payables	81	(169)	164
Increase (decrease) in other payables and deferred revenue	122	(1,049)	895
Net cash used in operating activities	(6,922)	(11,694)	(8,502)
CASH FLOWS - INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of equipment	(33)	(39)	(47)
Sale of equipment	43
Installation of a production facility, less participation by the Israeli Innovation Authority (Note 6)	(2,621)	(1,426)	(193)
Restricted deposit withdrawn (funded)		94	(8)
Other	2	(33)
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,609)	(1,404)	(248)
CASH FLOWS - FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of shares and warrants, net	6,258	7,174	15,677
Exercise of options and warrants	104		20
Loan received from EIB		4,031
Repayment of bank loan		(5)	(16)
Repayment of shareholders' loan			(949)
Net cash provided by financing activities	6,362	11,200	14,732
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED DEPOSITS	(3,169)	(1,898)	5,982
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED DEPOSITTS	(156)	113	18
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED DEPOSITS - BEGINNING OF YEAR	6,542	8,327	2,327
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED DEPOSITS - END OF YEAR	3,217	6,542	8,327
Investing and financing activities not involving cash flows
Recognition of operating lease liability and right-of-use asset	199	2,266
Borrowing costs capitalized	175	20
Reclassification of share options from liabilities to equity	516	74
Conversion of unpaid salary to Ordinary Shares and warrants	228
Change in terms of warrants	92
Cash paid during the year for -
Interest (net of amounts capitalized)	113
C. Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents, and restricted DEPOSITS reported in the statement of financial position
Cash and cash equivalents	3,183	6,508	8,280
Restricted bank deposits	34	34	47
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$ 3,217	$ 6,542	$ 8,327

General

General	12 Months Ended
General	Dec. 31, 2023
General [Abstract]
GENERAL	Note 1 – GENERAL: A. General description of the Company and its operations Brenmiller Energy Ltd. (hereinafter – “The Company”’ or “the Parent Company”) was incorporated and commenced its business operations in Israel in 2012. The Company’s registered offices are in Rosh Ha’Ayin in Israel. On May 25, 2022, the Company’s ordinary shares (the “Ordinary Shares”) were listed and began trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”; CIK – “BNRG”). On September 11, 2023, the Company’s voluntary delisting of its securities from the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”) took effect (the last trading day was September 7, 2023). The Company is controlled by Mr. Avraham Brenmiller (hereinafter: “The Controlling shareholder”), who serves as the Company’s CEO and as Chairman of the Board of Directors, and his sons. These consolidated financial statements use the US Dollar as the presentation currency (see Note 2D). The Company is a technology company that develops, produces, markets and sells thermal energy storage (“TES”) systems based on our proprietary and patented bGen™ technology. The use of the Company’s technology allows electrification and decarbonization of the industrial industry sector resulting in better integration with renewable energy sources and further reduction of carbon emissions. Through 2022, the Company’s main activity was focused on the development of its technology and its application into products and commercial solutions. In 2023, the Company commenced the commercialization of its products and services and is in the process of assembling a new production line to facilitate commercial operations. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has three wholly owned subsidiaries (in Israel, the Netherlands and the United States), that are currently inactive, or are in the early stages of operations (“the Group”). B. The impact of the regional war involving Israel On October 7, 2023, Hamas terrorists invaded southern Israel and launched thousands of rockets in a widespread terrorist attack on Israel. On the same day, the Israeli government declared that the country was at war and the Israeli military began to call-up reservists for active duty, including a few of our employees. Our operations could be disrupted by these and future reserve duty call-ups. While none of our facilities or infrastructure have been damaged since the war broke out on October 7, 2023, the import and export of goods may experience disruptions in and out of Israel as a result of such military conflict and terrorist attacks on the sea routes in the Red Sea region. A prolonged war could result in further military reserve duty call-ups in the future as well as irregularities to our supply chain and the movement of components and raw material into Israel and our finished products exported from Israel. Such disruption could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations. C. Liquidity The Company has not yet generated significant revenues from its operations and has an accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2023, as well as a history of net losses and negative operating cash flows. In 2023, the Company commenced the commercialization of its products and services and is currently in the final stages of assembling its new production line that will facilitate the shift in operations from the development stage to commercial operations. However, the Company expects to continue incurring losses and negative cash flows from operations until its products reach profitability. As a result of these expected losses and negative cash flows from operations, along with the Company’s current cash position, the Company has concluded that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern and do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. Management’s plans include the continued commercialization of the Company’s products and services, raising capital through a public offering that was closed on January 25, 2024 (Note 13) and through government grants under approved research and development plans and approved projects (Note 11). In addition, management is planning to find additional cash sources through additional equity and debt financing. There are no assurances however, that the Company will be successful in obtaining the level of financing needed for its operations. If the Company is unsuccessful in commercializing its products and raising capital, it may need to reduce, delay, or adjust its operating expenses, including commercialization of existing products or be unable to expand its operations, as desired.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2023
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES	NOTE 2 – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: A. Basis of presentation: The Group’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“US GAAP”). Prior to 2023, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), as permitted in the United States (“U.S.”) based on the Company’s status as a foreign private issuer as defined by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In December 2023, the Company decided to adopt the US GAAP to better accommodate with the expectation of the US based investors and capital markets. B. Use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are primarily used for, but not limited to, valuation of share-based compensation, useful lives of property, plant and equipment and royalty liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. C. Principles of consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Brenmiller Energy Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. D. Functional and presentation currency: Since inception throughout 2023, the functional currency of the Parent Company’s financial statements is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS). The Group’s presentation currency as used in these consolidated financial statements is the US Dollar ($). See Note 13C concerning the expected change in functional currency from Israeli shekels to U.S. dollars. Transactions and balances Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions, and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates, are generally recognized in profit or loss. Presentation currency The results and financial position from the Parent Company’s functional currency or the functional currency of its subsidiaries are translated into the presentation currency using the following procedures: assets and liabilities for each financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that financial position. Income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive loss are translated at average exchange rates (unless this is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the dates of the transactions), and all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income. Such exchange differences arising on translation to the presentation currency will not be reclassified to profit or loss. E. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash deposits The Company considers as cash equivalents all short-term, highly liquid investments, which include short-term bank deposits with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase that are not restricted as to withdrawal or use and are readily convertible to known amounts of cash. Restricted cash consists primarily of bank deposits to secure obligations under our operating lease agreements. Restricted cash is presented at cost, including accrued interest, and is classified as current or non-current based on the remaining term of the restriction. F. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable balances are due from customers that receive engineering services or enter into projects with the Company for the installation of TES systems. Contracts with customers are entered into based on evaluation of a customer’s financial condition and typically include customers with high credit rating. Trade accounts receivable from sales of services or systems are typically due within 60 days from reaching the agreed milestone between the parties. Accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for current expected losses. The estimate is a result of the Company’s ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer credit worthiness, historical levels of credit losses, and future expectations . Accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for current expected losses. The estimate is a result of the Company’s ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer creditworthiness, historical levels of credit losses, and future expectations . Write-off activity and recoveries for the periods presented were not material. See also Note 2V. G. Allowance for credit losses The Company performs an analysis of potential credit losses related to its financial instruments. Such instruments are primarily cash and cash equivalents, restricted deposits and receivables, based on class of financing receivables which share the same or similar risk characteristics such as customer type and geographic location, among others. The Company estimates the expected credit losses by applying the related corporate default rate which corresponds to the credit rating of the specific customer. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has one individual customer that exceeds 10% of receivables. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents, bank deposits and restricted deposits in high credit quality financial institutions. In general, customers are not required to provide collateral or any other security to support accounts receivable but are required to make advances with the advancement of projects. Current expected credit loss expense is $380 thousand, $ NIL thousand NIL thousand H. Inventories Inventory is measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventory costing is based on the first-in-first-out method. In the case of purchased goods and work in process, costs include raw materials, direct labor, share based compensation and other direct costs and fixed production overheads (based on the normal operating capacity of the production facilities). Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less attributable selling expenses. I. Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment items (including leasehold improvements) are initially recognized at cost of acquisition or construction, less relevant government investment grants and accumulated depreciation and impairment. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of the direct materials, as well as any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Repairs and maintenance are charged to the statement of comprehensive loss during the period in which they are incurred. The assets are depreciated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost over their estimated useful lives. Annual rates of depreciation are as follows: Plant 10-14 years Computers and equipment 3 years Leasehold improvements Over the shorter of the lease term, or useful life 5-10 years Furniture and equipment 7-16 years Vehicles 7 years Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with the associated carrying amount. These are included in the statements of comprehensive loss . J. Research and development Research and development expenses include costs associated with the maintenance and ongoing development of the Company’s TES units and technology, including compensation and employee benefits and allocated costs associated with our research and development department. Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred. K. Impairment of long-lived assets Long lived assets held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets (or asset group) may not be recoverable. In the event that the sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the long-lived assets (or asset group) is less than the carrying amount of such assets, an impairment charge would be recognized, and the assets (or asset group) would be written down to their estimated fair values. Based on our review, we recorded impairment charges of $ NIL thousand L. Government grants Government grants, which are received from Israeli government agencies and ministries, from the BIRD Foundation and NYPA (in a combined agreement – see Note 11), as participation in research and development that is conducted by the Company, are recognized when the grant becomes receivable, provided there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant and there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received. Grants are recognized as a deduction from research and development expenses as the applicable costs are incurred, and presented in research and development expenses, net, except for amounts attributed to royalties that are probable to be paid therefor at time of the grant recognition. Research and development expenses, net for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, include participation in research and development expenses in the amount of approximately $92 thousand, $275 thousand and $1,266 thousand, respectively . M. Loss Contingencies The Company may be involved, from time to time, in various claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company recognizes a liability when it is probable that a loss has incurred and can reasonably estimate the loss. The Company regularly evaluates current information to determine whether it should adjust a recorded liability or record a new one. As of December 31, 2023, no such claims or proceedings are pending against the Company. N. Fair value measurements Fair value is based on the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In order to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, the guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described as follows: Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are used when little or no market data is available. The carrying amount of the cash and cash equivalents, restricted deposits, trade receivable, trade payables, accrued expenses and EIB loan, approximates their fair value. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the company has no financial instruments measured at fair value. O . Loss per share Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net income or loss, by the weighted-average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding during the year, including prefunded warrants with token exercise price (“penny” warrants). Diluted loss per share is based on the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares used for basic computation, as the inclusion of any potential Ordinary Shares in the reported years would be anti-dilutive. Potentially dilutive Ordinary Shares result from the assumed exercise of options and warrants, using the “treasury stock” method, and the assumed vesting of restricted shares. P. Share-based payment The Company measures all share-based awards, including share options, restricted shares (“RS”) and restricted share units (“RSUs”), based on their estimated fair value on the grant date for awards to our employees, directors and service providers. The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model to determine the fair values of share options. The option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected share price volatility and expected term. Any changes in these highly subjective assumptions would significantly impact the share-based compensation expense. We measure the fair value of RSs and RSUs based on the grant-date share price of the underlying ordinary share . Share-based compensation expenses for options and RSUs are recognized using the accelerated attribution method, over the requisite service period (primarily a four or three years period for share options and one year for RSUs), net of estimated forfeitures. See Note 10 for further information. Q. Revenue recognition: Revenues are recognized in accordance with ASC 606; revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customers, in an amount that the Company expects in exchange for those goods or services. Deferred revenue is mainly comprised of payment made on completion of certain milestones, prior to final delivery, or up-front fees. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. The Group’s contract liabilities from contracts with customers consist primarily of deferred revenue. (1) Revenue from sale of TES units The Company manufactures and sells TES units based on the development and its technological know-how and patents. The Group sells the TES units as a finished product. The sale of TES units is recognized at a point in time when the Group delivers the product to the customer. Delivery of the TES units does not occur until the products have been sent to the specified location, and the customer has received the products in accordance with the contract of sale and the Group has objective evidence that all the criteria for receipt have been met. (2) Revenue from rendering engineering services The Company provides, from time to time, ancillary engineering services in connection with the potential sale of the TES units. Revenue from the provision of such services is recognized in accordance with milestones performed. (3) Revenue from licensing agreement The Company grants, at its discretion, rights for production and / or distribution of the TES units in various countries around the world. The granting of these rights can entitle the Company to revenue, either from payment for production license and its use, and/or royalty income generated from the sale of the storage units by the entity that received the production and distribution rights. Income from production license is recognized when the relevant know-how is transferred to the licensee; royalties are recognized upon sale of units. R. Leases: The Group leases buildings, offices and vehicles under operating leases. Lease agreements are for a period of between 3 and 5 years, which includes extension options. Commencing January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842),“Leases” for the first time, using the modified retrospective approach, which allows it to apply the new standard as of the beginning of the year of adoption without restating prior periods. Accordingly, the Company recognized in its statement of financial position as of January 1, 2022, its operating lease liabilities measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using its incremental borrowing rate as of that date, amounting to $2,117 thousand, and recognized its right-of-use (“ROU”) assets at an amount equal to the lease liabilities. Following this adoption, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception, and recognizes ROU assets and current and non-current operating lease liabilities in the consolidated statements of position. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized as of the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease terms will include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will either exercise or not exercise the option to renew or terminate the lease . Subsequent to this adoption, the Company recognizes a single lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reduces the lease liabilities by the payments made. ROU asset amortization, referred to as non-cash lease expense, along with the change in the operating lease liabilities are separately presented within the cash flows from operating activities on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Lease liabilities and right-of-use assets are remeasured when there is a change in the lease term or the lease payments. Prior to 2022, operating leases were not recognized on the statement of position (lease expense was recognized over the lease term). S. Retirement and Severance Pay The Israeli Severance Pay Law, 1963 (“Severance Pay Law”), specifies that employees are entitled to severance payment, following the termination of their employment. Under the Severance Pay Law, the severance payment is calculated as one-month’s salary for each year of employment, or a portion thereof. The Company’s liability for severance pay is covered by the provisions of Section 14 of the Israeli Severance Pay Law (“Section 14”). Under Section 14 employees are entitled to monthly deposits, at a rate of 8.33% of their monthly salary, contributed by the Company on their behalf to their insurance funds. Payments in accordance with Section 14 release the Company from any future severance payments in respect of those employees. As a result, the Company does not recognize any liability for severance pay due to these employees and the deposits under Section 14 are not recorded as assets on the consolidated statements of position. The expenses recognized in 2023, 2022 and 2021 in relation to these contributions were $266 thousand, $ 328 thousand and $ 299 thousands, respectively. T. Income Taxes Income taxes are recognized using the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is recognized to the extent that it is more likely than not that the deferred taxes will not be realized in the foreseeable future. The Company has provided a full valuation allowance with respect to its deferred tax assets. The Company follows a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination. If this threshold is met, the second step is to measure the tax position as the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. U. Segments The Company identifies operating segments in accordance with ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting” as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions regarding resource allocation and evaluating financial performance. The Company defines the term “chief operating decision maker” to be its chief executive officer. The Company determined that it operates in one operating segment and one reportable segment, as its chief operating decision maker reviews financial information presented only on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. V. New Accounting Pronouncements Accounting pronouncements adopted in the current year Commencing January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (“Topic 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments to introduce a new model for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on estimated current expected credit losses, or CECL. Under the new standard, an entity is required to estimate CECL on trade receivables at inception, based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The impact of adoption of the new standard on the consolidated financial statements was immaterial. As to the adoption, for the first time of Newly issued and not yet adopted accounting pronouncements: ASU 2023-09—Income Taxes (Topic 740) and ASU 2023-07—Segment Reporting (Topic 280), will require improvements to Income Tax and Reportable Segment disclosures. These are not expected to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements as a result of their future adoption.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents	12 Months Ended
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	NOTE 3 – CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Comprised as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands) December 31 2023 2022 Cash at bank 573 6,394 Short-term bank deposits 2,610 114 Total cash and cash equivalent* 3,183 6,508 * Including cash held per commitment to EIB – see Note 9 387 373

Prepaid Expenses and Other Rece

Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables	12 Months Ended
Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables	Dec. 31, 2023
Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables [Abstract]
PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES	NOTE 4 – prepaid expenses and other receivables : December 31 2023 2022 Institutions $ 200 $ 378 Prepaid expenses 215 164 Others 52 42 $ 467 $ 584

Inventory

Inventory	12 Months Ended
Inventory	Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory [Abstract]
INVENTORY	NOTE 5 – INVENTORY: Comprised as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands): December 31 2023 2022 Work in progress $ 546 $ 871 Raw materials 61 64 $ 607 $ 935

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment	12 Months Ended
Property, Plant and Equipment	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT	NOTE 6 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT: A. The composition of assets, grouped by major classifications and accumulated depreciation, is as follows : December 31 2023 2022 Cost: Plant (new production facility) $ 4,568 $ 1,782 Computers and equipment 649 635 Leasehold improvements 445 458 Office furniture and equipment 144 148 Vehicles 13 152 5,819 3,175 Less – Accumulated depreciation (1,256 ) (1,297 ) Property, Plant and Equipment, Net $ 4,563 $ 1,878 Depreciation expenses totaled $120 thousand, $239 thousand and $250 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company disposed of property and equipment in the net amount of $8 thousand, $704 thousand and $311 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, all the property, plant and equipment is located in Israel. B. New production facility in Dimona In August 2022, the Company began the construction of its newly upgraded production facility in Dimona, Israel, which is planned to be operational in the first half of 2024. Accordingly, the Company has reassessed the period of the expected lease term in Dimona to include the option period (two additional years) under such lease and recognized an additional $443 thousand in respect of the right of use asset and lease liability. The new production facility, which has not yet commenced operations (and therefore is not yet depreciated), will include inter-connectivity and smart automation of production in the production of bGen TES modules. Consequently, as part of the transitioning to the new production facility, the Company reassessed the remaining life and recoverability of the old production line and its components, and recognized a write down of parts that cannot be utilized in the new facility to their fair value, resulting in a loss recognition of $ 704 thousand (presented among “other expenses” in 2022). As of December 31, 2023, the total amount of the facility under construction, including capitalized borrowing costs of $197 thousand, amounts to $4,098 thousand. C. Rotem 1 project The Rotem 1 project, owned and executed by the subsidiary Brenmiller Energy (Rotem) Ltd. (“Brenmiller Rotem”), was started and planned as a facility for generating electricity to be sold to the Israel Electricity Corporation (IEC). This project was abandoned following the Company’s decision to focus on its core technology other than the initialization and operation of power plants. From December 31, 2020 onwards, the facility is presented on the basis of the net realizable value of its main asset (presented as “other asset” in the balance sheet). In 2022, following an agreement reached with the lessor of the land (on which the project was built), the Company completed vacating the premises and the land was returned to the lessor, after dismantling the facility. Following this, Brenmiller Rotem ceased its operations, and is conducting negotiations with potential buyers in respect of the remaining asset. Net loss derived from the closure of Rotem 1 project, as presented in the statement of comprehensive loss for the year 2022, is comprised of a write-down loss in the amount of $360 thousand, of the equipment above, vacating expenses of $16 thousand, net of lease termination gain of $125 thousand.

Operating Leases

Operating Leases	12 Months Ended
Operating Leases	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases [Abstract]
OPERATING LEASES	NOTE 7 – OPERATING LEASES: The Company’s leases include production space for its new production facility (see Note 6B), office premises and car leases, which are all classified as operating leases. The lease term for the production space is for 5 years (including 2 years option) and the office premises are leased for a 5 years period which terminates in August 2025. The car leases are generally for a three years period. As collateral for the office and lease agreement, a restricted deposit was pledged against bank guarantees provided to the property owner. The balance of the restricted deposit, presented as a non-current asset as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, amounted to $85 thousand . Operating lease expenses and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled $542 thousand and $504 thousand, respectively. The operating lease costs include variable lease payments of $7 thousand in 2023 and $11 thousand in 2022, in respect of linkage differences to the Israeli CPI. Supplemental information related to leases: Balance sheet information (U.S. dollars in thousands) December 31 2023 2022 Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,144 1,539 Current lease liabilities 611 606 Non-current lease liabilities 533 933 Total lease liabilities 1,144 1,539 Weighted average remaining lease term 2.2 years 3 years Weighted average discount rate 7.17 % 5.8 % As of December 31, 2023, the maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ending December 31, 2024 $ 611 2025 466 2026 161 Total undiscounted lease payments 1,238 Less – imputed interest (94 ) Present value of lease liabilities* $ 1,144 * Including amounts linked to the Israeli CPI of $ 554

Taxes on Income

Taxes on Income	12 Months Ended
Taxes on Income	Dec. 31, 2023
Taxes on Income [Abstract]
TAXES ON INCOME:	NOTE 8 – TAXES ON INCOME: A. Taxation of companies in Israel The revenue of the Company and its subsidiaries in Israel is subject to corporate tax at a regular rate. The corporate tax rate that applies to the Company’s profits is 23%. Capital gains of the Company and its subsidiaries in Israel are taxable according to the regular corporate tax rate applying to the tax year. B. Losses carried forward for tax purposes As of December 31, 2023, the Company had losses carried forward in the amount of approximately $69 million, which can be used to offset against future taxable income in future years without a time constraint. In addition, the Company has capital loss carried forward of approximately $11 million, that can be utilized only against future taxable capital gain. C. Deferred income taxes (U.S. dollars in thousands): 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets Tax loss carryforward* 17,991 14,885 Research and development 610 675 Employee and payroll accrued expenses 43 40 Operating lease liabilities 263 354 Other 123 123 Total gross deferred tax assets 19,030 16,077 Deferred tax liabilities: Operating lease assets 263 354 Total deferred tax assets, net 18,767 15,723 Less – valuation allowance (18,767 ) (15,723 ) Net deferred tax assets - - * Including capital loss carried forward. Realization of deferred tax assets is contingent upon sufficient future taxable income during the period that deductible temporary differences and carried forward losses are expected to be available to be offset against taxable income. As the achievement of required future taxable income is not more likely than not, the Company recorded a full valuation allowance. D. Reconciliation of theoretical tax expenses to actual expenses The primary difference between the statutory tax rate of the Company and the effective rate results primarily from the changes in valuation allowance in respect of carried forward tax losses for tax purposes and research and development expenses due to the uncertainty of the realization of such tax benefits. E. Uncertain tax positions As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company does not have a provision for uncertain tax positions. F. Roll forward of valuation allowance (U.S. dollars in thousands): Balance as of December 31, 2022 (15,723 ) Additions (3,458 ) Translation differences 414 Balance as of December 31, 2023 (18,767 ) G. Tax assessments The Company files consolidated tax returns with its subsidiary Brenmiller Rotem. The Company has final tax assessments up to and including the tax year 201 7

Loan from the European Investme

Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”)	12 Months Ended
Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”)	Dec. 31, 2023
Loan From The European Investment Bank Eib [Abstract]
LOAN FROM THE EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK (“EIB”)	NOTE 9 – LOAN FROM THE EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK (“EIB”) On March 31, 2021, the Company and EIB signed an agreement for the receipt of financing for the expansion plan of the Company and the establishment of an advanced production plant for TES systems in Israel (“the Financing Agreement”), the main terms of which are as follows: 1) The financing is limited to an amount of EUR 7.5 million. 2) The drawing down of the loan will be done in 2 tranches – the first, in the amount of EUR 4 million, was done in July 2022, and the second, in an amount of up to EUR 3.5 million, can be drawn down when the Company reaches certain milestones. In addition, the second tranche can be drawn until March 31, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating alternative means, including through negotiations with the EIB, to extend the availability date of the second tranche of the EIB credit facility but has not yet been successful and it is possible that the Company’s right to withdraw the remaining amount credit that is available to it may expire by March 31, 2024. 3) The loan is payable in EUR and is for a period of 6 years from the time of the drawing down of the tranche with an annual interest rate of 5% for the first tranche and 3% for the second tranche. In the first three years, only interest will be payable on the loan. Contractual payments of principal and interest in the following years ($ in thousand) are as follows: Year 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Total Amount $ 221 $ 221 $ 1,696 $ 1,622 $ 1,549 $ 5,309 In addition, the Company will pay royalties to EIB at a rate of 2% of the sum of the Company’s sales from the production plant up to the extent of the loan that has been drawn down (up to additional 100% of the drawn amount). The repayment of the royalty liability is not limited in time. The Group accounted for the loan liability and the royalty liability as two separate financial instruments as each represents a contractual right or obligation with its own terms and conditions so that each may be transferred or settled separately; and each is exposed to risks that may differ from the risks to which the other financial instrument is exposed. Consequently, the Company allocated the proceeds received to the loan liability component and the royalty liability component on a relative fair value basis. The liability presented in the balance sheets is comprised as follows ($ in thousand): Effective interest rate December 31 % 2023 2022 Loan component* 6.84 4,172 3,965 Royalties’ component 15.52 289 290 4,461 4,255 4) The EIB has the right to cancel part of the loan that has not been granted to the Company and to demand the immediate repayment of the amount of the loan that has been made available to the Company in the event of a change in control in the Company. 5) As security for the loan, the Company pledged the equipment that has been agreed upon in the financing agreement as well as all of the revenues generated from the sale of TES systems manufactured by the Company under a first ranking fixed lien. 6) The Company is to comply with the following main covenants: a prohibition on the sale of certain assets except for those used in the regular course of business, a prohibition on the execution of a merger or a structural change in the Company’s group, except in cases that have been determined in the financing agreement with the bank, the Company may not distribute a dividend except in the cases that are set forth in the financing agreement with bank; the Company is entitled to receive a government grant up to the amount that is set forth in the financing agreement with the bank; and the Company is to hold cash and cash equivalents in an amount of not less than EUR 350 thousand at all times.

Equity

Equity	12 Months Ended
Equity	Dec. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
EQUITY	NOTE 10 – EQUITY: A. Share capital Following the approval of a special general meeting of the Company’s shareholders convened on November 13, 2023, the Company increased its authorized share capital of Ordinary Shares of NIS 0.02 par value by 100,000,000 Ordinary Shares and cancelled the nominal par value of the shares’; The meeting further approved a reverse split of the authorized and outstanding shares, at a ratio of 10:1 (“the reverse stock split”) which came into effect on December 4, 2023. Consequently, the Company’s share capital, as of December 31, 2023, consists of 15,000,000 authorized Ordinary Shares, and 2,151,745 outstanding Ordinary Shares with no par value. Share data in these financial statements, have been adjusted retroactively to give effect to the reverse stock split, and the consequent changes made to warrants and options issued by the Company. 1) On February 8, 2021, the Company completed a public offering in the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, pursuant to a Shelf Offering Report. As part of the offering, 31,422 Ordinary Shares of the Company were issued to the public. The total gross consideration that the Company received amounted to approximately $3.0 million, before issuance costs. Issuance costs amounted to $44 thousand. 2) On February 18, 2021, the Company completed a capital raising in an amount of approximately $5.6 million by means of a private placement, in which 60,050 Ordinary Shares were issued. Issuance costs amounted to $95 thousand. 3) On October 31, 2021, and as part of the Company’s preparation for listing on Nasdaq, the Company entered into an investment agreement with four accredited investors that includes a private placement of the Company’s Ordinary Shares and prefunded warrants for a capital investment of $15 million, made in two stages. Pursuant to the agreement, upon closing of the first stage on December 30, 2021 the Company received an aggregate amount of $7.5 million against the issuance of 167,031 Ordinary Shares. On May 24, 2022, following the completion of listing on Nasdaq and the effectiveness of a registration statement covering the resale of the Ordinary Shares and the Ordinary Shares underlying the prefunded warrants under the investment agreement, an additional investment of $7.5 million, was made against the issuance of additional 151,765 Ordinary Shares and 15,266 prefunded warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares, at an exercise price of NIS 6.0 per ordinary share exercisable immediately upon issuance for a period of five years from issuance. The prefunded warrants were exercised on July 7, 2023. In connection with the above investment agreement and its facilitation of it, the Company paid transaction fees to a third party consisting of cash consideration of $275 thousand and non-marketable options, exercisable into 5,360 Ordinary Shares of the Company, for an exercise price of NIS 141.8 per one Ordinary Share. The above fees were paid proportionately upon the closing of each stage of the investment agreement. Consequently, issuance costs of $592 thousand, including the value attributed to the options granted of $275 thousand were charged to share premium derived from the issuance of Ordinary Shares. The value attributed to the above options was calculated according to the Black-Scholes pricing model. 4) On February 16, 2023, the Company completed a private placement by certain investors, some of whom are existing shareholders of the Company (the “Investors”), and the controlling shareholder of the Company, in an aggregate amount of NIS 12,463 thousand ($3.59 million). Under the investor agreements the Company issued 233,826 units, each consisting of one Ordinary Share and one non-registrable and non-tradeable warrant at a price of NIS 53.3 ($15.5) per each issued Unit. Each warrant is exercisable into one Ordinary Share subject to payment of exercise price of NIS 61.3 ($17.8) per warrant for a term of five (5) years from the issuance date of the offered warrants. Issuance costs (of approximately $ 29 thousand) and the placement proceeds were allocated on a relative fair value basis ($ 2.24 million to share capital and premium and $1.35 million to the warrants); the warrants fair value was determined on the basis of the Black - Scholes pricing model. The above private placement includes 64,503 units (representing a total investment of $1 million in cash), offered to Mr. Avraham Brenmiller - the Company’s controlling shareholder and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board - with the same terms and conditions, as offered to the other investors. The Investors and the controlling shareholder received piggyback registration rights for their Ordinary Shares and associated warrant. On June 29, 2023, the Company filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“the SEC”) a registration statement on Form F-3 to affect the registration of the Ordinary Shares and warrants, as above. The Investors are subject to certain restrictions regarding resale of the Units, the Offered Shares and the shares underlying the Offered Warrants for Investors pursuant to Israeli and U.S. laws. 5) On June 9, 2023, the Company, entered into a Sales Agreement with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (“the Sales Agent”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, to or through the Sales Agent as agent or principal, Ordinary Shares. The Ordinary Shares will be offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s currently effective registration statement on Form F-3, the prospectus contained therein and the prospectus supplement filed with the SEC dated June 9, 2023, under which the Company may offer and sell its Ordinary Shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $ During the second half of 2023, under the agreement with a A.G.P., the Company issued 35,812 ordinary shares for a total consideration of $220 thousand, net of agent commissions of $12 thousand and other issuance costs of $115 thousand. 6) On June 15, 2023, the Company completed a private placement offering of its securities for the aggregate gross proceeds of $2.5 million (NIS 8.97 million) with one of the Company’s shareholders, a Switzerland-based company. The placement included 248,778 units (the “June Units”), each June Unit consisting of one ordinary share of the Company, and one non-tradeable warrant to purchase one ordinary share, at a price per Unit of $10. The warrants are exercisable at a price of NIS 44 (approximately $ 12.0) per share, reflecting a 33% premium over the market price of the Company’s Ordinary Shares on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC at the close on June 12, 2023. The warrants are exercisable from June 12, 2024 and until June 12, 2028. Issuance costs (of approximately $20 thousand) and the placement proceeds were allocated on a relative fair value basis ($1.57 million to share capital and premium and $0.93 million to the warrants); the fair value of the warrants was determined on the basis of the Black-Scholes pricing model. B. Warrants: 1) Quoted Warrants (Series 2 and 3) These warrants were issued on November 16, 2020, in a public offering in TASE under a Shelf Offering Report, and were classified as equity. Under an arrangement offered by the Company to the holders of its Series 2 and 3 warrants, approved by the district court in Lod on October 26, 2021, and after the approval of a special general meeting of the abovesaid warrant holders, the period for exercise of the above warrants was extended by one year (through November 15, 2022 for Series 2 and November 15, 2024 for Series 3). All other terms of the warrants remained unchanged. Series 2 warrants expired in 2022 with no exercise. During 2023 and as part of the delisting process of the Company’s Ordinary Shares from TASE, the Company made an arrangement with the holders of Series 3 warrants, approved by the district court, to shorten the period for their exercise and decrease the exercise price. As a result, 94% of the holders of Series 3 exercised their warrants, for which the Company issued 18,811 Ordinary Shares and received a consideration of NIS 241 thousand ($72 thousand); the remaining warrants (Series 3) expired on September 5, 2023. Consequently, and due to having accumulated losses, the Company recognized the incremental value of NIS 341 thousand ($92 thousand) for the change in terms of the options against additional paid in capital (see also Note 12I). 2) Non- marketable warrants As of December 31, 2023, the Company has 499,998 non-marketable warrants that can be exercised into 25,000 Ordinary Shares of the Company. Every twenty warrants are exercisable to one share, for a period of 4 years commencing June 14, 2020, at the price of NIS 180. As to warrants and prefunded warrants issued under the investment agreement and private placements – see A(4) and A(5) above. As of December 31, 2022, in addition to the 499,998 warrants above, the Company had also 370,000 non-marketable share options (warrants) granted to an Israeli bank as part of a debt settlement arrangement entered into in 2020 (with the attributed fair value of $494 thousand); these share options, expired on July 2023, without being exercised. All Company non-marketable warrants and prefunded warrants are considered indexed to the Company’s own stock and are classified as equity. C. Share-based payments: 1) In July 2013, the Company’s Board of Directors (“the Board”) approved a share option scheme that is intended to provide an incentive to retain or attract employees, directors, consultants and service providers of the Company and its Affiliates and will be administered by the Board (“the 2013 plan”). On September 15, 2022, the Board approved an amendment to the plan, that will allow the Company to reserve from time-to-time, out of its authorized unissued share capital, such number of Shares, as the Board deems appropriate. The Company has filed a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register up to 295,120 Ordinary Shares, in the aggregate, issued or reserved for issuance under the 2013 plan. The options can be exercised for a period of up to 10 years from the date of their allotment. An option that is not exercised by that date will expire. Pursuant to the options plan, the options for the Company’s employees and officers, other than its controlling shareholder, will be allocated under Section 102 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (where the Board can determine the type of option as “Option 102 in the Non-Trustee Track” or “Option 102 in the Trustee Track”) and the options for service providers and the controlling shareholder of the Group, will be allocated in accordance with Section 3(i) of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. 2) Share option awards granted to employees in 2018, with an exercise price denominated in U.S. dollars, were classified and accounted for as a liability in prior years as they did not meet the exception under ASC 718-10-25-14A to allow equity classification; these options were reclassified in May 2022 to equity at fair value of $74 thousand, when the shares of the Company began trading on Nasdaq. 3) In July 2021, the Company granted 144,432 non-marketable and non-transferable share options to a provider of services to the Company, who serves in the role of advisor to the management, that are exercisable into 7,222 Ordinary Shares of the Company Shares (every 20 options confer the right to one Ordinary Share). 36,108 of the options vest over a period of six months, after which they are exercisable at a price of NIS 6.0 per share. The remaining 108,324 options are exercisable at a price of NIS 236 per share, and vest as follows; 25% after 12 months, and the remaining 75% on a monthly basis over a period of 36 months, that starts after the first 12 months. The above 36 months may be accelerated to 24 months vesting period, or 12 months vesting period, in certain events. All options expire after 5 years. The options were valued at $ 247 thousand, according to the Black-Scholes pricing model. 4) On October 31, 2021, the Board approved the grant, under the 2013 Plan, of 486,500 non-marketable share options to 26 employees and advisors (three of which are officers of the Company), under the 2013 share options plan of the Company. Every twenty options are realizable into 1 Ordinary Share of the Company (subject to adjustments), for NIS 194, in a cashless exercise manner, in which the grantor will receive Ordinary Shares that reflect the benefit component in the realized options. The option vest in three equal portions over a period of three years. The options were valued at $ 1,056 thousand, according to the Black-Scholes pricing model. 5) On February 9, 2022, the Board approved the grant of 25,000 non-marketable share options, exercisable to 2,500 Ordinary Shares of the Company, to an employee of the Company, based on the terms of the 2013 options plan. Each option is realizable into one share for NIS 194. in a cashless exercise manner; The option vest in three equal portions over a period of three years. The estimated value of the above options is NIS 282 thousand ($ 87 thousand, as of approval date), which was calculated according to the Black-Scholes pricing model. 6) As to the grant of non-marketable share options to a mediator – see A3 above. 7) On February 9, 2022, the annual and extraordinary shareholders’ meeting of the Company approved to grant Mr. Avraham Brenmiller 150,000 non-marketable options, and to Mr. Nir Brenmiller and Mr. Doron Brenmiller – 75,000 non-marketable options, each. The options vest in three equal tranches over a period of 3 years (33.3% each year), Every 10 options are exercisable into one Ordinary Share, with the following exercise prices: first tranche – NIS 400 per one share, second tranche – NIS 600 per one share, third tranche – NIS 800 per one share (based on exchange rates as of approval date – $123.5 $185.3 and $247.1, respectively). The value of the above options, calculated according to the Black-Scholes pricing model is NIS 2,616 thousand ($ 810 thousand as of approval date). 8) On June 23, 2022, following a new compensation policy, and the approval of the Board, the Company granted under the 2013 plan: (i) 225,000 share options to purchase up to 22,500 Ordinary Shares were awarded to Mr. Avraham Brenmiller. The options exercise price is NIS 137.8 per share (based on the average market share price in the last 30 days prior to the grant date, plus 15%), and they vest over three years (33.3% at the end of each year). (ii) 150,000 share options to purchase up to 15,000 Ordinary Shares of the Company were awarded to five The value of these grants, as calculated according to the Black-Scholes pricing model aggregates NIS 3.12 million (approximately $ 879 thousand, of which NIS 2.2 million relate to Mr. Avraham Brenmiller. 9) Amendment to the Company’s compensation policy and Restricted Shares and Restricted Share Units On January 24, 2023, the Company adopted an amendment to the Company’s compensation policy, which includes an efficiency plan to decrease expenses and the Company’s burn rate. The adopted plan allows the Compensation Committee and the Board, subject to certain minimum terms and conditions, to exchange basic salary (in whole or in part), accrued and unpaid cash salary to Company’s employees and officers, with equity-based compensation (the “Efficiency Plan”), by issuing Restricted Shares or Restricted Shares Units (“RSUs”). The Company also converted the unpaid salary balance of Mr. Brenmiller as of December 31, 2022 (in respect of prior years) in the amount of NIS 790 thousand (approximately $225 thousand), into equity under the terms of the Private Placement to the Investors and the Private Placement to Mr. Brenmiller, as described in A above, respectively, except for the exercise period as described below. Accordingly, the Company granted Mr. Brenmiller 14,822 units, consisting of 14,822 Ordinary Shares and 14,822 associated warrants, at a price of NIS 53.3 ($15.5) per each issued unit. Each warrant is exercisable into one Ordinary Share subject to payment of exercise price of NIS 61.3 ($17.8) per warrant and has a term of two (2) years as of the issuance date of the warrants for Mr. Brenmiller. Under the above approved compensation plan, the Company also granted during 2023 to its employees and service providers: (a) 7,811 RSUs in exchange for employee and service providers’ salary of NIS 346 thousand (approximately $ 94 thousand); these shares vest mainly over 12 months, (b) bonuses in fully vested 47,315 RS to employees and service providers, with estimated value in the amount of NIS 2,328 thousand ($ 649 thousand), and (c) 9,986 RS in exchange for service providers’ fees of NIS 494 thousand (approximately $ 134 thousand). In addition, following the approval of the extraordinary shareholders meeting and the recommendation of the Board, the controlling shareholders were granted share options (received instead of RSUs, with no incremental value as of the modification date), as follows: 33,536 fully vested share options exercisable into 3,354 Information on the share option awards outstanding and the related weighted average exercise price as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 Year ended December 31, 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 Year ended December 31, 2021 Relating to options: Number of potential Ordinary shares Exercise price range* Number of potential ordinary shares Exercise price range* Number of potential ordinary shares Exercise price range* Outstanding at beginning of the year 144,681 NIS 137.8 – NIS 800 73,951 NIS 234 ; $ 100 43,825 NIS 260; $ 100 Granted 11,539 NIS 3 74,980 NIS 137.8 - NIS 800 34,226 NIS 141.8 – 234 Exercised** - - - - (200 ) $100 Forfeited (7,211 ) NIS 194 ; $ 100 (4,250 ) NIS 137.8 – NIS 194 (2,950 ) NIS 260; $ 100 Expired (15,033 ) NIS 194 ; $ 100 - - (950 ) NIS 260; $ 100 Outstanding at end of the year 133,976 NIS 3 - NIS 800 144,681 NIS 137.8 – NIS 800 73,951 NIS 141.8; $ 100 Exercisable at end of the year 76,700 NIS 3 - NIS 400 48,687 NIS 141.8; $ 100 28,286 NIS 234; $ 100 * Per 1 Ordinary Share of with no par value. Exercise price is quoted in denominated currency. ** Including options exercised on a cashless basis. Average share price for options exercised in 2021 – $ 96 . As to Restricted Shares and Restricted Share Units (RS and RSU) : during 2023 the Company granted 65,112 RS and RSUs, which are all outstanding as of December 31, 2023, and of which 62,032 are vested. The remaining unvested RSUs are expected to vest in 2024. The following table summarizes information about stock-based awards outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2023: Outstanding Exercisable Exercise price range Number of potential Ordinary Shares Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Number of potential Ordinary Shares Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) NIS 3 11,539 9.4 8,811 9.4 NIS 137.8 – NIS 194 61,734 6.3 32,043 5.7 NIS 234 – NIS 260 24,503 1.7 19,646 1.8 $100 6,200 4.5 6,200 4.5 NIS 400; NIS 600; NIS 800 30,000 8.2 10,000 8.2 NIS 3 – NIS 800 133,976 6.1 76,700 5.3 Share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31 2023 2022 2021 Cost of revenue 52 36 21 Research and development 416 258 30 Sales and marketing 279 240 (9 ) General and administrative 1,034 800 55 Total share-based compensation expenses 1,781 1,334 97 As of December 31, 2023, there is an unrecognized share-based compensation expense of $374 thousand to be recognized over the average remaining vesting period of 2 For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the aggregate intrinsic value of share options outstanding were $58 thousand and $ NIL thousand, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the aggregate intrinsic value of share options exercisable were $44 thousand and $ NIL thousand, respectively. The calculated fair value of option grants was estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions: Year ended December 31 2023 2022 2021 Risk-free interest rate 4.75% 0.1%-2.0% 0.1% Expected option term (in years) 10.0 2.0-10.0 2.0-10.0 Expected price volatility 76% 66%-82% 75%-91% Fair value of an ordinary share NIS 32.6 NIS 82.7-NIS 159.7 NIS 98.1-NIS 128.5 Dividend yield 0% 0% 0% The risk-free interest rate is based on Israeli rates published by the Bank of Israel, in effect at the time of grant. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Ordinary Shares of the Company.

Commitments

Commitments	12 Months Ended
Commitments	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments [Abstract]
COMMITMENTS	NOTE 11 – COMMITMENTS: A. Israeli government grants: 1) Through December 31, 2023, the Company received grants from the Israeli Innovation Authority (“IIA”) in the cumulative amount of approximately $4.2 million for support programs in research and development activities. In exchange for the support from the Innovation Authority, the Company is subject to the provisions of the Encouragement of Research and Development Law in connection with intellectual property. Out of the above $ 4.2 million received : . (ii) $ 0.8 million is for technology that has not matured into a product and for which no royalties will be paid, and (iii) $ 1.0 million is for grants that do not bear any royalties. 2) As of December 31, 2023, the Company received grants from the Israel Ministry of Energy in the cumulative amount of approximately $ 0.6 million for support programs in research and development activities. In return, the Company is obligated, inter alia, to pay royalties of between 3% and 5% of all revenues from the use of the technology developed, up to the ceiling of the total amount of such support which is linked to the Israeli Consumer Price Index plus annual interest at the rate established by the Israeli Accountant General. 3) In addition, the Company received in prior years under two support programs of the Israel Ministry of Economy and Industry, an amount of approximately $56 thousand each in connection with the Company’s international marketing activities. In return for the said support, the Company is obligated to pay royalties of 3% of the Company’s revenues from exports to countries for which the support was received. 4) As of December 31, 2023, the royalty commitment balance under the above grants (including accrued interest) amounts to $ 3,667 thousand. B. New York Power Authority (“NYPA”) Project Under a cooperation agreement (the “Agreement”) signed in January 2018 with the New York Power Authority (“NYPA”) the Company designed and built a pilot facility that includes a high temperature storage combined heat established and power unit developed by the Company (“the Product”), that will provide electricity and hot water to the campus of a university in New York. In December 2023, the Company successfully completed commissioning the facility that was handed over to the university, following training, on January 29, 2024. Pursuant to the provisions of the Agreement, signed for a period of 10 years, and amendment made thereto in prior years, NYPA bore the costs of engineering services and the cost of materials required for the integration of the facility, and is responsible to provide technical and logistical support for the commissioning of the Product and will support the marketing efforts of the TES solution developed by the Company in the US and Canada. As part of the Project financing, the Company and NYPA (hereinafter – “the Parties”) received a conditional grant from the Bird Foundation (Israel-United States Research and Development Foundation), in the sum of $1 million, under a cooperation and financing agreement with the Bird Foundation that was signed in April 2018. The Company is committed to pay the Bird Foundation royalties from gross revenues derived from the sale, leasing or other marketing or commercial exploitation, including service or maintenance contracts of the Product, or the licensing of the Product, at the rate of 5%. Refund amount increases in stages over time, up to a maximum refund of 150% of the total amount of the grant, subject to the extension of the repayment period. Under the Agreement, the Company will pay annual royalties to NYPA of 5% from gross sales made, beginning June 1, 2022, until NYPA has been fully compensated for the expenditure amounts agreed between the Parties. Royalties for each year will be paid in the subsequent year, the first of which shall be retroactive and include the Company’s gross sales from all of its applications since January 11, 2018. As of December 31, 2023, the balance of the royalty commitment to NYPA under the above grants amounts to $ 1,148 thousand. After NYPA is fully compensated for the above amount, NYPA shall receive 3.5% royalties from gross sales made within the US territory, for the remainder of a 10-year-period beginning upon the initial sale or licensing of the Product to a third party, or to the end of the term of the NYPA agreement, whichever is longer. C. Joint cooperation agreement with an Israeli Beverage Producer (“Tempo”) On September 14, 2023, the Company signed an agreement with an Israeli beverage producing company (“Tempo”), for the execution of a TES project. whereby the Company will build and install a bGen™ TES system at one of Tempo’s plants in Israel, that will provide industrial steam for the latter operations. Under the agreement, Tempo has undertaken to participate in all costs to build, install and integrate the system with its facilities, up to the amount of NIS 3.4 million (approximately $ 0.9 million). The funding of the project will be supported by the Israeli Ministry of Economy and Industry, that has approved it as a Clean Project, with a participation grant of NIS 2.2 million (approximately $595 thousand). The building of the TES system and its integration with the Tempo production facility is to be finalized within 15 months from the date of the agreement or 12 months from receiving regulatory approvals, if required, followed by 60 days of running-in period. Following this, the system will provide steam services to Tempo, for a period of 15 years, at a fixed price per ton of steam produced by the system (the facility will operate on electricity and water supplied by Tempo). During that period, the Company will provide level B maintenance services to the system. The steam price and maintenance services are linked to the Israeli CPI and will be updated every 5 years. The Company has guaranteed minimum annual capacity of 19,000 ton of steam, which is also the threshold for Tempo “take-or-pay” obligation. The Company will be the sole owner of the system during the period of installation and the provision of steam services. Tempo will have the right to register a lien on 50% of the system to ensure its rights under the agreement. Starting the third year of the provision of steam, Tempo will have the right to purchase the system (for its own use only and on “as is” basis) for a consideration that is based on a formula stipulated in the agreement. Tempo will also have the right for termination and compensation if the system fails to supply certain performance measurements as determined in the agreement. As of the balance sheet date, the Company has not yet commenced any activities with regards to the Tempo agreement. D. Distribution and production agreement: In February 2020 the Company entered into an agreement with Fortlev Energia Solar Ltda (“Fortlev”) – a Brazilian company, pursuant to which it granted Fortlev a license for a period of 25 years to market its bGen technology in Brazil and Colombia. Under the agreement, until such time that Fortlev has established a production facility of its own, the Company shall pay Fortlev a commission fee of 10% of any sale it has completed in these territories. After the completion of a production facility, the Company will grant Fortlev an exclusive license for production and marketing of its product in these territories in which case, Fortlev will pay the Company 10% royalty from the sale of such products. E. The Company has entered into an agreement with a number of service providers for the purpose of locating and recruiting investors. The consideration for these agreements is on a basis of success in recruitment only, at a rate of 2% to 5% of the gross investment amount that will be recorded as share issuance costs that will be deducted from the premium on shares. F. The Company has also entered into an agreement with a sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell its Ordinary Shares, from time to time, to or through the Sales Agent - see Note 10A.

Supplementry Financial Statemen

Supplementry Financial Statement Information	12 Months Ended
Supplementry Financial Statement Information	Dec. 31, 2023
Supplementry Financial Statement Information [Abstract]
SUPPLEMENTRY FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION	NOTE 12 – SUPPLEMENTRY FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION A. OTHER PAYABLES (U.S. dollars in thousands): December 31 2023 2022 Employees and employee institutions 760 806 Expenses payable 385 305 Royalties payable 247 247 (1) Other liabilities 9 11 1,401 1,369 B. REVENUES: In 2023, the Company recognized revenue from engineering services provided to customers in Europe (97%) and North America. In 2022, the Company recognized the revenue for licensing under the licensing agreement with a customer in Brazil (Fortlev -see Note 11D.), following the completion of know-how delivery. Revenue in 2021 was derived from TES units sold to a customer in Brazil and other engineering services provided to a customer in Europe. Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance (deferred revenue) at the beginning of the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, amounts to $175 thousand and $939 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, $387 thousand of the amount of deferred revenue is expected to be recognized during 2024. C. COST OF REVENUES (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 393 - 1,163 Consultants and subcontractors 112 247 881 Expenditure on materials (including inventory impairment loss) 1 2 792 Depreciation and other - - 259 Royalties 84 - - Maintenance - - 93 590 249 3,188 Operating costs not attributed to projects (mainly salary and related expenses) * 965 1,641 900 1,555 1,890 4,088 Onerous contract provision included in costs - 8 215 * Cost and expenses relating to periods in which the plant did not operate in full capacity. D. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, NET (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 2,268 2,656 2,496 Consultants and subcontractors 388 441 998 Expenditure on materials 70 1,020 738 Depreciation and other 104 486 437 Office maintenance 440 367 261 3,270 4,970 4,930 Less: Government Grants, see Note 2L (92 ) (275 ) (1,266 ) 3,178 4,695 3,664 E. SELLING AND MARKETING (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 918 953 444 Office maintenance 35 30 46 Project Promotion 58 84 45 Consultants 87 38 90 Other 50 96 13 1,148 1,201 638 F. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 2,134 2,354 1,013 Office maintenance 175 117 210 Consultants and insurance 1,778 1,660 1,104 Allowance for credit losses 380 - - Depreciation and other 170 298 173 4,637 4,429 2,500 G. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES), NET In 2022 and 2021, include mainly the write down of production line of $ 704 thousand and $ 314 thousand, respectively (Note 6A) H. OTHER FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES, NET (U.S. dollars in thousands): Financial income: Year ended December 31 2023 2022 2021 Interest income 161 51 3 Exchange rate differences, Net 142 672 (58 ) Bank fees (12 ) (17 ) (90 ) Other adjustment of royalty obligation 21 (23 ) - 312 683 (145 ) I. Loss per ordinary share: Basic and diluted loss per share is computed as follows: Year ended December 31, Numerator ($ in thousands): 2023 2022 2021 Net loss for the year, as reported (9,648 ) (11,092 ) (11,017 ) The effect of change in terms of Series 3 warrants (92 ) - - Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per Ordinary Share - net loss attributable to shareholders (9,740 ) (11,092 ) (11,017 ) Denominator (Ordinary Shares in thousands) Weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year 1,936,831 1,462,776 1,193,447 Weighted average number of potential shares under prefunded warrants with token exercise price (“penny" warrants) 15,266 - - Denominator for basic and diluted loss per share – weighted number of Ordinary Shares 1,952,097 1,462,776 1,193,447 Basic and dilutive loss per Ordinary Share (in dollars) (4.99 ) (7.58 ) (9.23 ) For the reported years, all outstanding unvested restricted shares, options and warrants have been excluded from the calculation of the diluted net loss per share since their effect was anti-dilutive. These include as of December 31, 2023: Share option and warrants exercisable to 644,864 Ordinary Shares that, as of December 31, 2023, have zero effect under the treasury stock method, share options that are “in the money” exercisable to 11,539 Ordinary Shares and 3,080 unvested restricted shares.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Dec. 31, 2023
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	NOTE 13 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS: A. On January 25, 2024, the Company closed a public offering under which it completed the issuance and sale of 240,000 Ordinary Shares, no par value per share of the Company at a price of $4.50 per share, pre-funded warrants at a price of $4.4999, to purchase 648,890 Ordinary Shares and warrants to purchase 888,890 Ordinary Shares at an exercise price of $5.00 per share. The Warrants are exercisable immediately and will expire five years from the date of issuance. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately at a price of $0.0001 per share and are exercisable until exercised in full. The Ordinary Shares, Warrants and Pre-Funded Warrants were offered and sold pursuant to an effective Registration Statement on Form F-1, as amended. The aggregate gross proceeds from this offering were approximately $4.0 million before deducting placement agent fees of $ 280 thousand and other offering expenses, of $295 thousand. The warrants were valued at $3,024 thousand using the Black-Scholes pricing model. Issuance costs were allocated to the Ordinary Shares, prefunded warrants and warrants based on their relative fair value. B. On January 29, 2024, an agreement was signed with the Wolfson Medical Center (“Hospital”) in the city of Holon, Israel for the construction of a TES System pursuant to which the Company will build and install on the Hospital premises a TES System that will provide industrial steam and other services to the Hospital (including training and certification of the Hospital related staff that will be responsible for the operation and maintenance of the TES System (the “Services”). The TES System will operate using electricity and water supplied by the Hospital and will provide the Services for a period of 7 years, commencing no later than 15 months after obtaining all necessary regulatory approvals and allowing for a two-month running-in period. The operation of the TES System, and the required maintenance thereafter will be the responsibility of the Company which has also guaranteed am efficiency ratio of the TES System during the service period that will be examined annually; subject to a contractual remedy period, any failure to meet the efficiency ratio may give the Hospital cause to terminate the agreement and claim compensation as determined in the agreement. In consideration for the Services, the Hospital will pay a total of approximately NIS 12 million (approximately – $3.3 million), in non-equal monthly payments and will have the option to acquire the TES System after the conclusion of the 7 year service period for an agreed amount equal to NIS 1.02 million (approximately - $ 0.3 million), and following which the Hospital will also have the option to acquire annual maintenance services (including spare parts) from the Company. If the option to acquire is not exercised, then the Company will be responsible to dismantle and vacate the TES System from the Hospital premises. On January 18, 2024, the Company received approval for a NIS 1,708 thousand (approximately $450 thousand) grant from the IIA to be applied to this project. C. Commencing January 1, 2024, the Company, after examining the developments and events during the year 2023, determined that it should change the functional currency from NIS to US dollars. This coming change in functional currency is attributable to several factors and changes in circumstances in 2023 including inter alia the commercialization of the Company’s products, changes in the composition of its cost of sales, because the majority of the Company’s available funds is denominated in U.S. dollars, the Company’s principal source of financing, following the delisting of its shares from trading in TASE, is expected to be derived from the U.S. capital markets, and all of the Company’s budgeting is conducted mainly in U.S. dollars. A change in functional currency to the US$ would result in, among other impacts, in a reclassification of the Company’s certain equity-classified warrants (whose fair value as of December 31, 2023 of approximates $1.6 million), to liabilities due to their NIS-denominated exercise price. Hence, commencing January 1, 2024, the US dollar will be both the functional and reporting currency of the Company.

Accounting Policies, by Policy

Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2023
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of presentation	A. Basis of presentation: The Group’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“US GAAP”). Prior to 2023, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), as permitted in the United States (“U.S.”) based on the Company’s status as a foreign private issuer as defined by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In December 2023, the Company decided to adopt the US GAAP to better accommodate with the expectation of the US based investors and capital markets.
Use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements	B. Use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are primarily used for, but not limited to, valuation of share-based compensation, useful lives of property, plant and equipment and royalty liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Principles of consolidation	C. Principles of consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Brenmiller Energy Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Functional and presentation currency	D. Functional and presentation currency: Since inception throughout 2023, the functional currency of the Parent Company’s financial statements is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS). The Group’s presentation currency as used in these consolidated financial statements is the US Dollar ($). See Note 13C concerning the expected change in functional currency from Israeli shekels to U.S. dollars. Transactions and balances Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions, and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates, are generally recognized in profit or loss. Presentation currency The results and financial position from the Parent Company’s functional currency or the functional currency of its subsidiaries are translated into the presentation currency using the following procedures: assets and liabilities for each financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that financial position. Income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive loss are translated at average exchange rates (unless this is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the dates of the transactions), and all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income. Such exchange differences arising on translation to the presentation currency will not be reclassified to profit or loss.
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash deposits	E. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash deposits The Company considers as cash equivalents all short-term, highly liquid investments, which include short-term bank deposits with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase that are not restricted as to withdrawal or use and are readily convertible to known amounts of cash. Restricted cash consists primarily of bank deposits to secure obligations under our operating lease agreements. Restricted cash is presented at cost, including accrued interest, and is classified as current or non-current based on the remaining term of the restriction.
Accounts receivable	F. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable balances are due from customers that receive engineering services or enter into projects with the Company for the installation of TES systems. Contracts with customers are entered into based on evaluation of a customer’s financial condition and typically include customers with high credit rating. Trade accounts receivable from sales of services or systems are typically due within 60 days from reaching the agreed milestone between the parties. Accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for current expected losses. The estimate is a result of the Company’s ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer credit worthiness, historical levels of credit losses, and future expectations . Accounts receivable have been reduced by an allowance for current expected losses. The estimate is a result of the Company’s ongoing evaluation of collectability, customer creditworthiness, historical levels of credit losses, and future expectations . Write-off activity and recoveries for the periods presented were not material. See also Note 2V.
Allowance for credit losses	G. Allowance for credit losses The Company performs an analysis of potential credit losses related to its financial instruments. Such instruments are primarily cash and cash equivalents, restricted deposits and receivables, based on class of financing receivables which share the same or similar risk characteristics such as customer type and geographic location, among others. The Company estimates the expected credit losses by applying the related corporate default rate which corresponds to the credit rating of the specific customer. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has one individual customer that exceeds 10% of receivables. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents, bank deposits and restricted deposits in high credit quality financial institutions. In general, customers are not required to provide collateral or any other security to support accounts receivable but are required to make advances with the advancement of projects. Current expected credit loss expense is $380 thousand, $ NIL thousand NIL thousand
Inventories	H. Inventories Inventory is measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Inventory costing is based on the first-in-first-out method. In the case of purchased goods and work in process, costs include raw materials, direct labor, share based compensation and other direct costs and fixed production overheads (based on the normal operating capacity of the production facilities). Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less attributable selling expenses.
Property, plant and equipment	I. Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment items (including leasehold improvements) are initially recognized at cost of acquisition or construction, less relevant government investment grants and accumulated depreciation and impairment. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of the direct materials, as well as any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Repairs and maintenance are charged to the statement of comprehensive loss during the period in which they are incurred. The assets are depreciated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost over their estimated useful lives. Annual rates of depreciation are as follows: Plant 10-14 years Computers and equipment 3 years Leasehold improvements Over the shorter of the lease term, or useful life 5-10 years Furniture and equipment 7-16 years Vehicles 7 years Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with the associated carrying amount. These are included in the statements of comprehensive loss .
Research and development	J. Research and development Research and development expenses include costs associated with the maintenance and ongoing development of the Company’s TES units and technology, including compensation and employee benefits and allocated costs associated with our research and development department. Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred.
Impairment of long-lived assets	K. Impairment of long-lived assets Long lived assets held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets (or asset group) may not be recoverable. In the event that the sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the long-lived assets (or asset group) is less than the carrying amount of such assets, an impairment charge would be recognized, and the assets (or asset group) would be written down to their estimated fair values. Based on our review, we recorded impairment charges of $ NIL thousand
Government grants	L. Government grants Government grants, which are received from Israeli government agencies and ministries, from the BIRD Foundation and NYPA (in a combined agreement – see Note 11), as participation in research and development that is conducted by the Company, are recognized when the grant becomes receivable, provided there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant and there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received. Grants are recognized as a deduction from research and development expenses as the applicable costs are incurred, and presented in research and development expenses, net, except for amounts attributed to royalties that are probable to be paid therefor at time of the grant recognition. Research and development expenses, net for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, include participation in research and development expenses in the amount of approximately $92 thousand, $275 thousand and $1,266 thousand, respectively .
Loss Contingencies	M. Loss Contingencies The Company may be involved, from time to time, in various claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company recognizes a liability when it is probable that a loss has incurred and can reasonably estimate the loss. The Company regularly evaluates current information to determine whether it should adjust a recorded liability or record a new one. As of December 31, 2023, no such claims or proceedings are pending against the Company.
Fair value measurements	N. Fair value measurements Fair value is based on the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In order to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, the guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described as follows: Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are used when little or no market data is available. The carrying amount of the cash and cash equivalents, restricted deposits, trade receivable, trade payables, accrued expenses and EIB loan, approximates their fair value. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the company has no financial instruments measured at fair value.
Loss per share	O . Loss per share Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net income or loss, by the weighted-average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding during the year, including prefunded warrants with token exercise price (“penny” warrants). Diluted loss per share is based on the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares used for basic computation, as the inclusion of any potential Ordinary Shares in the reported years would be anti-dilutive. Potentially dilutive Ordinary Shares result from the assumed exercise of options and warrants, using the “treasury stock” method, and the assumed vesting of restricted shares.
Share-based payment	P. Share-based payment The Company measures all share-based awards, including share options, restricted shares (“RS”) and restricted share units (“RSUs”), based on their estimated fair value on the grant date for awards to our employees, directors and service providers. The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model to determine the fair values of share options. The option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected share price volatility and expected term. Any changes in these highly subjective assumptions would significantly impact the share-based compensation expense. We measure the fair value of RSs and RSUs based on the grant-date share price of the underlying ordinary share . Share-based compensation expenses for options and RSUs are recognized using the accelerated attribution method, over the requisite service period (primarily a four or three years period for share options and one year for RSUs), net of estimated forfeitures. See Note 10 for further information.
Revenue recognition	Q. Revenue recognition: Revenues are recognized in accordance with ASC 606; revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customers, in an amount that the Company expects in exchange for those goods or services. Deferred revenue is mainly comprised of payment made on completion of certain milestones, prior to final delivery, or up-front fees. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. The Group’s contract liabilities from contracts with customers consist primarily of deferred revenue. (1) Revenue from sale of TES units The Company manufactures and sells TES units based on the development and its technological know-how and patents. The Group sells the TES units as a finished product. The sale of TES units is recognized at a point in time when the Group delivers the product to the customer. Delivery of the TES units does not occur until the products have been sent to the specified location, and the customer has received the products in accordance with the contract of sale and the Group has objective evidence that all the criteria for receipt have been met. (2) Revenue from rendering engineering services The Company provides, from time to time, ancillary engineering services in connection with the potential sale of the TES units. Revenue from the provision of such services is recognized in accordance with milestones performed. (3) Revenue from licensing agreement The Company grants, at its discretion, rights for production and / or distribution of the TES units in various countries around the world. The granting of these rights can entitle the Company to revenue, either from payment for production license and its use, and/or royalty income generated from the sale of the storage units by the entity that received the production and distribution rights. Income from production license is recognized when the relevant know-how is transferred to the licensee; royalties are recognized upon sale of units.
Leases	R. Leases: The Group leases buildings, offices and vehicles under operating leases. Lease agreements are for a period of between 3 and 5 years, which includes extension options. Commencing January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842),“Leases” for the first time, using the modified retrospective approach, which allows it to apply the new standard as of the beginning of the year of adoption without restating prior periods. Accordingly, the Company recognized in its statement of financial position as of January 1, 2022, its operating lease liabilities measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using its incremental borrowing rate as of that date, amounting to $2,117 thousand, and recognized its right-of-use (“ROU”) assets at an amount equal to the lease liabilities. Following this adoption, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception, and recognizes ROU assets and current and non-current operating lease liabilities in the consolidated statements of position. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized as of the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease terms will include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will either exercise or not exercise the option to renew or terminate the lease . Subsequent to this adoption, the Company recognizes a single lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term and reduces the lease liabilities by the payments made. ROU asset amortization, referred to as non-cash lease expense, along with the change in the operating lease liabilities are separately presented within the cash flows from operating activities on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Lease liabilities and right-of-use assets are remeasured when there is a change in the lease term or the lease payments. Prior to 2022, operating leases were not recognized on the statement of position (lease expense was recognized over the lease term).
Retirement and Severance Pay	S. Retirement and Severance Pay The Israeli Severance Pay Law, 1963 (“Severance Pay Law”), specifies that employees are entitled to severance payment, following the termination of their employment. Under the Severance Pay Law, the severance payment is calculated as one-month’s salary for each year of employment, or a portion thereof. The Company’s liability for severance pay is covered by the provisions of Section 14 of the Israeli Severance Pay Law (“Section 14”). Under Section 14 employees are entitled to monthly deposits, at a rate of 8.33% of their monthly salary, contributed by the Company on their behalf to their insurance funds. Payments in accordance with Section 14 release the Company from any future severance payments in respect of those employees. As a result, the Company does not recognize any liability for severance pay due to these employees and the deposits under Section 14 are not recorded as assets on the consolidated statements of position. The expenses recognized in 2023, 2022 and 2021 in relation to these contributions were $266 thousand, $ 328 thousand and $ 299 thousands, respectively.
Income Taxes	T. Income Taxes Income taxes are recognized using the asset and liability method whereby deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is recognized to the extent that it is more likely than not that the deferred taxes will not be realized in the foreseeable future. The Company has provided a full valuation allowance with respect to its deferred tax assets. The Company follows a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination. If this threshold is met, the second step is to measure the tax position as the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Segments	U. Segments The Company identifies operating segments in accordance with ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting” as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions regarding resource allocation and evaluating financial performance. The Company defines the term “chief operating decision maker” to be its chief executive officer. The Company determined that it operates in one operating segment and one reportable segment, as its chief operating decision maker reviews financial information presented only on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.
New Accounting Pronouncements	V. New Accounting Pronouncements Accounting pronouncements adopted in the current year Commencing January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (“Topic 326”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments to introduce a new model for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on estimated current expected credit losses, or CECL. Under the new standard, an entity is required to estimate CECL on trade receivables at inception, based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The impact of adoption of the new standard on the consolidated financial statements was immaterial. As to the adoption, for the first time of Newly issued and not yet adopted accounting pronouncements: ASU 2023-09—Income Taxes (Topic 740) and ASU 2023-07—Segment Reporting (Topic 280), will require improvements to Income Tax and Reportable Segment disclosures. These are not expected to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements as a result of their future adoption.

Significant Accounting Polici_2

Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment	The assets are depreciated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost over their estimated useful lives. Annual rates of depreciation are as follows: Plant 10-14 years Computers and equipment 3 years Leasehold improvements Over the shorter of the lease term, or useful life 5-10 years Furniture and equipment 7-16 years Vehicles 7 years

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tabl

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents	Comprised as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands) December 31 2023 2022 Cash at bank 573 6,394 Short-term bank deposits 2,610 114 Total cash and cash equivalent* 3,183 6,508 * Including cash held per commitment to EIB – see Note 9 387 373

Prepaid Expenses and Other Re_2

Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables [Abstract]
Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables	December 31 2023 2022 Institutions $ 200 $ 378 Prepaid expenses 215 164 Others 52 42 $ 467 $ 584

Inventory (Tables)

Inventory (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Inventory (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory [Abstract]
Schedule of Inventory	Comprised as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands): December 31 2023 2022 Work in progress $ 546 $ 871 Raw materials 61 64 $ 607 $ 935

Property, Plant and Equipment (

Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment	The composition of assets, grouped by major classifications and accumulated depreciation, is as follows : December 31 2023 2022 Cost: Plant (new production facility) $ 4,568 $ 1,782 Computers and equipment 649 635 Leasehold improvements 445 458 Office furniture and equipment 144 148 Vehicles 13 152 5,819 3,175 Less – Accumulated depreciation (1,256 ) (1,297 ) Property, Plant and Equipment, Net $ 4,563 $ 1,878

Operating Leases (Tables)

Operating Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Operating Leases (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases [Abstract]
Schedule of Balance Sheet Information	Balance sheet information (U.S. dollars in thousands) December 31 2023 2022 Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,144 1,539 Current lease liabilities 611 606 Non-current lease liabilities 533 933 Total lease liabilities 1,144 1,539 Weighted average remaining lease term 2.2 years 3 years Weighted average discount rate 7.17 % 5.8 %
Schedule of Operating Lease Liabilities	As of December 31, 2023, the maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ending December 31, 2024 $ 611 2025 466 2026 161 Total undiscounted lease payments 1,238 Less – imputed interest (94 ) Present value of lease liabilities* $ 1,144 * Including amounts linked to the Israeli CPI of $ 554

Taxes on Income (Tables)

Taxes on Income (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Taxes on Income (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Taxes on Income [Abstract]
Schedule of Deferred Income Taxes	Deferred income taxes (U.S. dollars in thousands): 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets Tax loss carryforward* 17,991 14,885 Research and development 610 675 Employee and payroll accrued expenses 43 40 Operating lease liabilities 263 354 Other 123 123 Total gross deferred tax assets 19,030 16,077 Deferred tax liabilities: Operating lease assets 263 354 Total deferred tax assets, net 18,767 15,723 Less – valuation allowance (18,767 ) (15,723 ) Net deferred tax assets - - * Including capital loss carried forward.
Schedule of Roll forward of Valuation Allowance	Roll forward of valuation allowance (U.S. dollars in thousands): Balance as of December 31, 2022 (15,723 ) Additions (3,458 ) Translation differences 414 Balance as of December 31, 2023 (18,767 )

Loan from the European Invest_2

Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”) (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Loan From The European Investment Bank Eib [Abstract]
Schedule of Contractual Payments of Principal and Interest in the Following Years	Contractual payments of principal and interest in the following years ($ in thousand) are as follows: Year 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Total Amount $ 221 $ 221 $ 1,696 $ 1,622 $ 1,549 $ 5,309
Schedule of the Liability Presented in the Balance Sheets is Comprised	The liability presented in the balance sheets is comprised as follows ($ in thousand): Effective interest rate December 31 % 2023 2022 Loan component* 6.84 4,172 3,965 Royalties’ component 15.52 289 290 4,461 4,255

Equity (Tables)

Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Equity (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Share Option Awards Outstanding and the Related Weighted Average Exercise Price	Information on the share option awards outstanding and the related weighted average exercise price as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 Year ended December 31, 2023 Year ended December 31, 2022 Year ended December 31, 2021 Relating to options: Number of potential Ordinary shares Exercise price range* Number of potential ordinary shares Exercise price range* Number of potential ordinary shares Exercise price range* Outstanding at beginning of the year 144,681 NIS 137.8 – NIS 800 73,951 NIS 234 ; $ 100 43,825 NIS 260; $ 100 Granted 11,539 NIS 3 74,980 NIS 137.8 - NIS 800 34,226 NIS 141.8 – 234 Exercised** - - - - (200 ) $100 Forfeited (7,211 ) NIS 194 ; $ 100 (4,250 ) NIS 137.8 – NIS 194 (2,950 ) NIS 260; $ 100 Expired (15,033 ) NIS 194 ; $ 100 - - (950 ) NIS 260; $ 100 Outstanding at end of the year 133,976 NIS 3 - NIS 800 144,681 NIS 137.8 – NIS 800 73,951 NIS 141.8; $ 100 Exercisable at end of the year 76,700 NIS 3 - NIS 400 48,687 NIS 141.8; $ 100 28,286 NIS 234; $ 100 * Per 1 Ordinary Share of with no par value. Exercise price is quoted in denominated currency. ** Including options exercised on a cashless basis. Average share price for options exercised in 2021 – $ 96 .
Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding	The following table summarizes information about stock-based awards outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2023: Outstanding Exercisable Exercise price range Number of potential Ordinary Shares Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Number of potential Ordinary Shares Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) NIS 3 11,539 9.4 8,811 9.4 NIS 137.8 – NIS 194 61,734 6.3 32,043 5.7 NIS 234 – NIS 260 24,503 1.7 19,646 1.8 $100 6,200 4.5 6,200 4.5 NIS 400; NIS 600; NIS 800 30,000 8.2 10,000 8.2 NIS 3 – NIS 800 133,976 6.1 76,700 5.3
Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Expense	Share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31 2023 2022 2021 Cost of revenue 52 36 21 Research and development 416 258 30 Sales and marketing 279 240 (9 ) General and administrative 1,034 800 55 Total share-based compensation expenses 1,781 1,334 97
Schedule of Fair Value of Option Grants was Estimated Using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model	The calculated fair value of option grants was estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions: Year ended December 31 2023 2022 2021 Risk-free interest rate 4.75% 0.1%-2.0% 0.1% Expected option term (in years) 10.0 2.0-10.0 2.0-10.0 Expected price volatility 76% 66%-82% 75%-91% Fair value of an ordinary share NIS 32.6 NIS 82.7-NIS 159.7 NIS 98.1-NIS 128.5 Dividend yield 0% 0% 0%

Supplementry Financial Statem_2

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2023
Supplementry Financial Statement Information [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Payables	OTHER PAYABLES (U.S. dollars in thousands): December 31 2023 2022 Employees and employee institutions 760 806 Expenses payable 385 305 Royalties payable 247 247 (1) Other liabilities 9 11 1,401 1,369
Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative)	Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 393 - 1,163 Consultants and subcontractors 112 247 881 Expenditure on materials (including inventory impairment loss) 1 2 792 Depreciation and other - - 259 Royalties 84 - - Maintenance - - 93 590 249 3,188 Operating costs not attributed to projects (mainly salary and related expenses) * 965 1,641 900 1,555 1,890 4,088 Onerous contract provision included in costs - 8 215 * Cost and expenses relating to periods in which the plant did not operate in full capacity. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, NET (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 2,268 2,656 2,496 Consultants and subcontractors 388 441 998 Expenditure on materials 70 1,020 738 Depreciation and other 104 486 437 Office maintenance 440 367 261 3,270 4,970 4,930 Less: Government Grants, see Note 2L (92 ) (275 ) (1,266 ) 3,178 4,695 3,664 SELLING AND MARKETING (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 918 953 444 Office maintenance 35 30 46 Project Promotion 58 84 45 Consultants 87 38 90 Other 50 96 13 1,148 1,201 638 GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE (U.S. dollars in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Salary and related expenses 2,134 2,354 1,013 Office maintenance 175 117 210 Consultants and insurance 1,778 1,660 1,104 Allowance for credit losses 380 - - Depreciation and other 170 298 173 4,637 4,429 2,500
Schedule of Financial Income	Financial income: Year ended December 31 2023 2022 2021 Interest income 161 51 3 Exchange rate differences, Net 142 672 (58 ) Bank fees (12 ) (17 ) (90 ) Other adjustment of royalty obligation 21 (23 ) - 312 683 (145 )
Schedule of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share	Basic and diluted loss per share is computed as follows: Year ended December 31, Numerator ($ in thousands): 2023 2022 2021 Net loss for the year, as reported (9,648 ) (11,092 ) (11,017 ) The effect of change in terms of Series 3 warrants (92 ) - - Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per Ordinary Share - net loss attributable to shareholders (9,740 ) (11,092 ) (11,017 ) Denominator (Ordinary Shares in thousands) Weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year 1,936,831 1,462,776 1,193,447 Weighted average number of potential shares under prefunded warrants with token exercise price (“penny" warrants) 15,266 - - Denominator for basic and diluted loss per share – weighted number of Ordinary Shares 1,952,097 1,462,776 1,193,447 Basic and dilutive loss per Ordinary Share (in dollars) (4.99 ) (7.58 ) (9.23 )

Significant Accounting Polici_3

Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percentage of receivables		10%	10%
Bad debt expense		$ 380
Impairment charge			704
Participation in research and development expenses		$ 3,178	4,695	3,664
Operating lease term period		5 years
Recognized its right-of-use	$ 2,117
Rate for severance pay from salary		8.33%
Expense contributions		$ 266	328	299
Tax position percentage		50%
Government Grants [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Participation in research and development expenses		$ 92	$ 275	$ 1,266
Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Operating lease term period		3 years
Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Operating lease term period		5 years

Significant Accounting Polici_4

Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment	Dec. 31, 2023
Plant [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	10 years
Plant [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	14 years
Computers and equipment [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	3 years
Leasehold improvements [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	5 years
Leasehold improvements [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	10 years
Furniture and equipment [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	7 years
Furniture and equipment [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	16 years
Vehicles [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Schedule of the Useful Life, Measured as Period of Time, Used for Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful lives	7 years

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Deta

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash at bank		$ 573	$ 6,394
Short-term bank deposits		2,610	114
Total cash and cash equivalent*	[1]	3,183	6,508
*Including cash held per commitment to EIB – see Note 9		$ 387	$ 373

[1]Including cash held per commitment to EIB – see Note 9

Prepaid Expenses and Other Re_3

Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables (Details) - Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Receivables [Abstract]
Institutions	$ 200	$ 378
Prepaid expenses	215	164
Others	52	42
Prepaid expenses and other receivables	$ 467	$ 584

Inventory (Details) - Schedule

Inventory (Details) - Schedule of Inventory - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Inventory [Abstract]
Work in progress	$ 546	$ 871
Raw materials	61	64
Inventory, Net	$ 607	$ 935

Property, Plant and Equipment_2

Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation expense		$ 120	$ 239	$ 250
Property and equipment in the net amount		8	704	$ 311
Rght of use asset and lease liability	$ 443
Other expenses			704
Capitalized borrowing costs		197
Capitalized borrowings Incurred		$ 4,098
Write-down loss			360
Vacating expenses			16
Net of lease termination			$ 125

Property, Plant and Equipment_3

Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cost:
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 5,819	$ 3,175
Less – Accumulated depreciation	(1,256)	(1,297)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	4,563	1,878
Plant (new production facility) [Member]
Cost:
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	4,568	1,782
Computers and equipment [Member]
Cost:
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	649	635
Leasehold improvements [Member]
Cost:
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	445	458
Office furniture and equipment [Member]
Cost:
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	144	148
Vehicles [Member]
Cost:
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 13	$ 152

Operating Leases (Details)

Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Leases [Abstract]
Lease term	5 years
Restricted deposits	$ 85	$ 85
Operating lease expenses	542	504
Operating lease costs	$ 7	$ 11

Operating Leases (Details) - Sc

Operating Leases (Details) - Schedule of Balance Sheet Information - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Balance Sheet Information [Abstract]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 1,144	$ 1,539
Current lease liabilities	611	606
Non-current lease liabilities	533	933
Total lease liabilities	$ 1,144	$ 1,539
Weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 2 months 12 days	3 years
Weighted average discount rate	7.17%	5.80%

Operating Leases (Details) - _2

Operating Leases (Details) - Schedule of Operating Lease Liabilities - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Operating Lease Liabilities [Abstract]
2024	$ 611
2025	466
2026	161
Total undiscounted lease payments	1,238
Less – imputed interest	(94)
Present value of lease liabilities	1,144	$ 1,539
Including amounts linked to the Israeli CPI of	$ 554

Taxes on Income (Details)

Taxes on Income (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Taxes on Income (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Taxes on Income [Abstract]
Corporate tax rate	23%
Loss carried forward	$ 69
Capital loss carried forward	$ 11

Taxes on Income (Details) - Sch

Taxes on Income (Details) - Schedule of Deferred Income Taxes - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets
Tax loss carryforward	[1]	$ 17,991	$ 14,885
Research and development		610	675
Employee and payroll accrued expenses		43	40
Operating lease liabilities		263	354
Other		123	123
Total gross deferred tax assets		19,030	16,077
Deferred tax liabilities:
Operating lease assets		263	354
Total deferred tax assets, net		18,767	15,723
Less – valuation allowance		(18,767)	(15,723)
Net deferred tax assets

[1] Including capital loss carried forward.

Taxes on Income (Details) - S_2

Taxes on Income (Details) - Schedule of Roll forward of Valuation Allowance $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Schedule of Rollforward Valuation Allowance [Abstract]
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$ (15,723)
Additions	(3,458)
Translation differences	414
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$ (18,767)

Loan from the European Invest_3

Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”) (Details) € in Thousands, $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2022 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Loan from the European Investment Bank Eib [Line Items]
Borrowing limit			€ 7,500
Period of drawing loans		6 years
Royalties to EIB rate		2%
Additional payment percentage		100%
Cash and cash equivalents \| $		$ 3,183		$ 6,508	$ 8,280
First tranche [Member]
Loan from the European Investment Bank Eib [Line Items]
Financing agreement amount	€ 4,000
Annual interest rate		5%	5%
Second tranche [Member]
Loan from the European Investment Bank Eib [Line Items]
Financing agreement amount	€ 3,500
Annual interest rate		3%	3%
Financial Agreement [Member]
Loan from the European Investment Bank Eib [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents			€ 350

Loan from the European Invest_4

Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”) (Details) - Schedule of Contractual Payments of Principal and Interest in the Following Years $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Schedule of Contractual Payments of Principal and Interest in the Following Years [Abstract]
2024	$ 221
2025	221
2026	1,696
2027	1,622
2028	1,549
Total	$ 5,309

Loan from the European Invest_5

Loan from the European Investment Bank (“Eib”) (Details) - Schedule of the Liability Presented in the Balance Sheets is Comprised - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of the Liability Presented in the Balance Sheets is Comprised [Abstract]
Effective interest rate loan component	6.84%
Loan component	$ 4,172	$ 3,965
Effective interest rate Royalties’ component	15.52%
Royalties’ component	$ 289	290
Total	$ 4,461	$ 4,255

Equity (Details) - Part-1

Equity (Details) - Part-1 ₪ / shares in Units, $ / shares in Units, ₪ in Thousands, $ in Thousands													1 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
	Dec. 04, 2023	Jun. 15, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 15, 2023 ILS (₪)	Jun. 12, 2023 $ / shares	Jun. 12, 2023 ₪ / shares	Feb. 16, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Feb. 16, 2023 ILS (₪) ₪ / shares shares	May 24, 2022 USD ($) shares	Feb. 09, 2022 shares	Oct. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Feb. 18, 2021 USD ($) shares	Feb. 08, 2021 USD ($) shares	Jun. 23, 2022 ₪ / shares	May 31, 2022 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2021 shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) ₪ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares ₪ / shares shares	Nov. 13, 2023 ₪ / shares shares	Jun. 09, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 16, 2023 ₪ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 ₪ / shares shares	May 24, 2022 ₪ / shares	Dec. 30, 2021 USD ($) shares
Equity [Line Items]
Reverse stock split	10:1
Ordinary shares, shares authorized \| shares																15,000,000	15,000,000	5,000,000	5,000,000				5,000,000
Outstanding ordinary shares \| shares																2,151,745	2,151,745	1,522,398	1,522,398				1,522,398
Total gross consideration (in Dollars)												$ 3,000
Issuance costs (in Dollars)								$ 592			$ 95	$ 44				$ 29	$ 29
Share capital (in Dollars)											$ 5,600
Capital investment (in Dollars)										$ 15,000
Aggregate amount (in Dollars)																									$ 7,500
Additional investment (in Dollars)								$ 7,500
Issuance of additional ordinary shares \| shares								151,765
Prefunded warrants to purchase ordinary shares \| shares								15,266
Warrant exercisable issuance term								5 years
Options grants (in Dollars)								$ 275
Aggregate amount						$ 3,590	₪ 12,463
Warrant price \| (per share)						$ 15.5												$ 15.5	$ 15.5			₪ 53.3	₪ 53.3
Exercise price \| (per share)						$ 17.8	₪ 61.3						₪ 137.8				$ 236	$ 17.8	$ 61.3
Fair value (in Dollars)														$ 74		2,240
Total investment in cash (in Dollars)																1,000	$ 1,000
Offering price (in Dollars)																					$ 9,350
Total consideration (in Dollars)																220
Net of agent commissions (in Dollars)																12
Other issuance costs (in Dollars)																115	$ 115
Gross proceeds		$ 2,500	₪ 8,970
Number of units						248,778	248,778
Number of ordinary Share \| shares									1						1
Issuance costs (in Dollars)																20
Premiums [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Share capital (in Dollars)																1,570
Warrant [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Exercise price \| (per share)				$ 44	₪ 12
Fair value (in Dollars)																1,350
Warrants (in Dollars)																$ 930
Transaction Fees [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Transaction fees (in Dollars)								$ 275
Private Placement [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Shares issued \| shares						233,826										64,503	64,503					233,826
Ordinary Shares [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Shares issued \| shares																35,812	35,812
Price per share \| $ / shares						$ 10
Number of ordinary Share \| shares						1	1
Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Warrant [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Number of ordinary Share \| shares						1	1
Market price percentage				33%	33%
Non-Tradeable [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Warrant [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Number of ordinary Share \| shares						1	1
Share Capital [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Price per ordinary shares (in New Shekels per share) \| ₪ / shares																				₪ 0.02
Shares issued \| shares											60,050	31,422								100,000,000					167,031
Price per share \| ₪ / shares																								₪ 6
Black and Scholes formula [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Shares issued \| shares								5,360

Equity (Details) - Part-2

1 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Feb. 16, 2023 $ / shares

Feb. 16, 2023 ₪ / shares

Feb. 09, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares

Feb. 09, 2022 ILS (₪) ₪ / shares shares

Oct. 01, 2021 USD ($)

Jun. 14, 2020 USD ($)

Jun. 23, 2022 USD ($) shares

Jun. 23, 2022 ILS (₪) ₪ / shares shares

May 31, 2022 USD ($)

Oct. 31, 2021 shares

Jul. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares

Jul. 31, 2021 ₪ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares

Dec. 31, 2023 ILS (₪) ₪ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) ₪ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares

May 24, 2022 shares

Equity [Line Items]

Warrants Expired description

Under an arrangement offered by the
Company to the holders of its Series 2 and 3 warrants, approved by the district court in Lod on October 26, 2021, and after the approval
of a special general meeting of the abovesaid warrant holders, the period for exercise of the above warrants was extended by one year
(through November 15, 2022 for Series 2 and November 15, 2024 for Series 3). All other terms of the warrants remained unchanged. Series
2 warrants expired in 2022 with no exercise.

Consideration received value | ₪

₪ 241,000

Warrants expired date

Sep. 05, 2023

Incremental value

$ 92,000

₪ 341,000

Non-marketable share options

75,000

486,500

144,432

499,998

Number of Warrants Exercisable

Redemption Premium (in Dollars) | $

$ 1

granted shares

65,112

Ordinary shares

295,120

Fair value (in Dollars) | $

$ 74,000

$ 2,240,000

Ordinary shares issued

2,500

2,151,745

1,522,398

Vested share options

33,536

Exercise price | (per share)

$ 17.8

₪ 61.3

₪ 137.8

₪ 236

$ 17.8

₪ 61.3

Options exercisable shares

76,700

48,687

28,286

Vest percentage

33.30%

75%

Options expire term

5 years

Share options exercised (in Dollars) | $

$ 1,056,000

$ 20,000

Number of ordinary Share

Stock option exercise amount (in New Shekels) | ₪

₪ 194

Estimated options

$ 87,000

₪ 282

Options vest

3 years

Options value

$ 810,000

₪ 2,616,000

Share options to purchase

150,000

Average Market Share Price Percentage

15%

Grants aggregates

$ 879,000

₪ 2,200,000

Ordinary Shares [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Share options exercised (in Dollars) | $

Share options to purchase

15,000

200

[1]

Series 3 Warrants [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Shares issued

18,811

Consideration received value | $

$ 72,000

Non- Marketable Warrants [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Shares issued

25,000

Warrants

499,998

Attributed fair value (in Dollars) | $

$ 494,000

₪ 494,000

first bunch [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Exercise price | ₪ / shares

₪ 400

second bunch [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Exercise price | ₪ / shares

600

third bunch [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Exercise price | ₪ / shares

₪ 800

Board of Directors [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Non-marketable share options

25,000

Ordinary shares issued

3,354

Options exercisable shares

81,855

Number of ordinary Share

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Vested share options

36,108

Exercise price | ₪ / shares

₪ 6

Options exercisable shares

108,324

Vest percentage

25%

Non Executive Directors [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Options vest

5 years

Chairman of the Advisory [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Ordinary shares issued

7,222

Black and Scholes formula [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Shares issued

5,360

Share options exercised (in Dollars) | $

$ 247

Grants aggregates | ₪

₪ 3,120,000

Mr. Avraham Brenmiller [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Non-marketable share options

150,000

granted shares

30,000

Exchange rates (in Dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 123.5

Share options to purchase

225,000

Mr. Avraham Brenmiller [Member] | Ordinary Shares [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Share options to purchase

22,500

Mr. Nir Brenmiller [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Exchange rates (in Dollars per share) | $ / shares

185.3

Doron Brenmiller [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Exchange rates (in Dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 247.1

Israeli Bank [Member] | Non- Marketable Warrants [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

granted shares

370,000

[1]Post reverse split, see Note 10A.

Equity (Details) - Part-3

1 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Feb. 16, 2023 $ / shares

Feb. 16, 2023 $ / shares ₪ / shares

Oct. 01, 2021 USD ($)

Jun. 23, 2022 ₪ / shares

Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2023 ILS (₪) ₪ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2022 ILS (₪) ₪ / shares shares

Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares

Dec. 31, 2023 ₪ / shares

Feb. 16, 2023 ₪ / shares

Dec. 31, 2022 ₪ / shares

Feb. 09, 2022 shares

Equity [Line Items]

Unpaid salary

$ 225,000

₪ 790

Granted units

14,822

Ordinary shares issued

2,151,745

1,522,398

2,500

Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding

14,822

Warrant price | (per share)

$ 15.5

₪ 53.3

Exercise price | (per share)

$ 17.8

$ 61.3

₪ 137.8

₪ 236

$ 17.8

₪ 61.3

Compensation plan description

(a) 7,811 RSUs in exchange for employee and service
providers’ salary of NIS 346 thousand (approximately $ 94 thousand); these shares vest mainly over 12 months, (b) bonuses in fully vested
47,315 RS to employees and service providers, with estimated value in the amount of NIS 2,328 thousand ($ 649 thousand), and (c) 9,986
RS in exchange for service providers’ fees of NIS 494 thousand (approximately $ 134 thousand).

Vested share options

33,536

Exercisable price per share | (per share)

$ 0.82

₪ 3

Bonus payment

$ 46,000

₪ 165,000

Options exercisable shares

76,700

48,687

28,286

Exchange for salary

$ 98,000

₪ 363,000

Option exchange salary rate

10%

Share options exercised (in Dollars) | $

$ 1,056,000

$ 20,000

granted shares

65,112

Vested shares

62,032

Unrecognized share-based compensation expense (in Dollars) | $

$ 374,000

Vesting period

2 years

Share options outstanding (in Dollars) | $

$ 58,000

Share options [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Share options exercised (in Dollars) | $

$ 44,000

Options Held [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Share options exercised (in Dollars) | $

$ 96

Board of Directors [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Ordinary shares issued

3,354

Exercisable price per share | (per share)

$ 0.82

₪ 3

Options exercisable shares

81,855

Board of Directors [Member] | Common Stock [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Ordinary shares issued

8,186

Mr. Brenmiller [Member]

Equity [Line Items]

Ordinary shares issued

14,822

Equity (Details) - Schedule of

Equity (Details) - Schedule of Share Option Awards Outstanding and the Related Weighted Average Exercise Price		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2023 ₪ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares ₪ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares ₪ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 ₪ / shares	Dec. 31, 2021 ₪ / shares
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Share Option Awards Outstanding and the Related Weighted Average Exercise Price [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstanding at beginning of the year (in Shares)		144,681	73,951	73,951	43,825	43,825
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable at end of the year (in Shares)		76,700	48,687	48,687	28,286	28,286
Number of potential ordinary shares Granted (in Shares)		11,539	74,980	74,980	34,226	34,226
Exercise price range Granted \| ₪ / shares	[1]	₪ 3
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercised (in Shares)	[2]				(200)	(200)
Exercise price range Exercised \| (per share)	[1],[2]				$ 100
Number of potential ordinary shares Forfeited (in Shares)		(7,211)	(4,250)	(4,250)	(2,950)	(2,950)
Number of potential ordinary shares Expired (in Shares)		(15,033)			(950)	(950)
Exercise price range Expired \| ₪ / shares	[1]
Number of potential ordinary shares Outstanding at end of the year (in Shares)		133,976	144,681	144,681	73,951	73,951
Minimum [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Share Option Awards Outstanding and the Related Weighted Average Exercise Price [Line Items]
Exercise price range Outstanding at beginning of the year \| (per share)	[1]	₪ 137.8	$ 100	₪ 234	$ 100
Exercise price range Exercisable at end of the year \| (per share)	[1]	3			100	$ 100	₪ 141.8
Exercise price range Granted \| (per share)	[1]			137.8	234
Exercise price range Forfeited \| (per share)	[1]	194		137.8	100
Exercise price range Expired \| (per share)	[1]	194			100
Exercise price range Outstanding at end of the year \| (per share)	[1]	3		137.8	100	$ 234
Maximum [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Share Option Awards Outstanding and the Related Weighted Average Exercise Price [Line Items]
Exercise price range Outstanding at beginning of the year \| (per share)	[1]	800	100	₪ 141.8		260
Exercise price range Exercisable at end of the year \| (per share)	[1]	400	$ 100	₪ 100				₪ 234
Exercise price range Granted \| ₪ / shares	[1]			₪ 800		141.8
Exercise price range Forfeited \| ₪ / shares	[1]	100		194		260
Exercise price range Expired \| ₪ / shares	[1]	100				260
Exercise price range Outstanding at end of the year \| (per share)	[1]	₪ 800		₪ 800	$ 100	$ 141.8

[1]Per 1 Ordinary Share of with no par value. Exercise price is quoted in denominated currency.[2]Including options exercised on a cashless basis. Average share price for options exercised in 2021 – $ 96 .

Equity (Details) - Schedule o_2

Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
NIS 3 [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstnding	11,539
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Outstnding	9 years 4 months 24 days
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable	8,811
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Exercisable	9 years 4 months 24 days
NIS 137.8 – NIS 194 [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstnding	61,734
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Outstnding	6 years 3 months 18 days
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable	32,043
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Exercisable	5 years 8 months 12 days
NIS 234 – NIS 260 [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstnding	24,503
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Outstnding	1 year 8 months 12 days
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable	19,646
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Exercisable	1 year 9 months 18 days
USD 100 [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstnding	6,200
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Outstnding	4 years 6 months
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable	6,200
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Exercisable	4 years 6 months
NIS 400; NIS 600; NIS 800 [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstnding	30,000
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Outstnding	8 years 2 months 12 days
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable	10,000
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Exercisable	8 years 2 months 12 days
NIS 3 – NIS 800 [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Stock-Based Awards Outstanding [Line Items]
Number of potential Ordinary shares Outstnding	133,976
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Outstnding	6 years 1 month 6 days
Number of potential ordinary shares Exercisable	76,700
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Exercisable	5 years 3 months 18 days

Equity (Details) - Schedule o_3

Equity (Details) - Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Expense - Share-based compensation expense [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Cost of revenue	$ 52	$ 36	$ 21
Research and development	416	258	30
Sales and marketing	279	240	(9)
General and administrative	1,034	800	55
Total share-based compensation expenses	$ 1,781	$ 1,334	$ 97

Equity (Details) - Schedule o_4

Equity (Details) - Schedule of Fair Value of Option Grants was Estimated Using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model - ₪ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Fair Value of Option Grants was Estimated Using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate	4.75%		0.10%
Expected option term (in years)	10 years
Expected price volatility	76%
Dividend yield	0%	0%	0%
Minimum [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Fair Value of Option Grants was Estimated Using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		0.10%
Expected option term (in years)		2 years	2 years
Expected price volatility		66%	75%
Fair value of an ordinary share (in New Shekels per share)		₪ 82.7	₪ 98.1
Maximum [Member]
Equity (Details) - Schedule of Fair Value of Option Grants was Estimated Using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate		2%
Expected option term (in years)		10 years	10 years
Expected price volatility		82%	91%
Fair value of an ordinary share (in New Shekels per share)		₪ 159.7	₪ 128.5

Commitments (Details)

Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands, ₪ in Millions		12 Months Ended
Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands, ₪ in Millions	Jun. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) T	Dec. 31, 2023 ILS (₪) T
Commitments [Line Items]
Government grants cumulative (in Dollars)		$ 600
Grants received (in Dollars)		$ 4,200
royalty ceiling increased percentage		120%	120%
Grants technology not matured (in Dollars)		$ 800
Granted do not bear any royalties (in Dollars)		1,000
Commitment balance (in Dollars)	$ 1,148	3,667
Financing agreement amount (in Dollars)		$ 1,000
BIRD royalties rate		5%	5%
Total amount grant percentage		150%	150%
NYPA royalties rate	5%	3.50%	3.50%
Development costs		$ 900	₪ 3.4
Participation grant amount		$ 595	₪ 2.2
Tempo service for a Period		15 years	15 years
Maintenance for a period		5 years	5 years
Steam annual capacity (in US Tons) \| T		19,000	19,000
Under the agreement Percentage		50%	50%
License for a period		25 years	25 years
Commission fee percentage		10%	10%
Royalty Percentage		10%	10%
Minimum [Member]
Commitments [Line Items]
Royalties rate of percentage		3%	3%
Gross investment amount percentage		2%	2%
Maximum [Member]
Commitments [Line Items]
Royalties rate of percentage		5%	5%
Gross investment amount percentage		5%	5%
Israel Ministry of Economy and Industry [Member]
Commitments [Line Items]
Grants received (in Dollars)		$ 56
Royalties rate		3%	3%
Israeli government grants [Member]
Commitments [Line Items]
Government grants cumulative (in Dollars)		$ 4,200
Payments for royalties amount (in Dollars)		$ 2,400
Israeli government grants [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Commitments [Line Items]
Royalties rate of percentage		3%	3%
Israeli government grants [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Commitments [Line Items]
Royalties rate of percentage		5%	5%

Supplementry Financial Statem_3

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) [Line Items]
Percentage of revenues allocation	97%
Revenue recognized deferred revenue	$ 175	$ 939
Deferred revenue	$ 387
Write down		$ 704	$ 314
Share option and warrants exercisable (in Shares)	644,864
Share options that are in the money (in Shares)	11,539
Unvested Restricted shares [Member]
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) [Line Items]
Unvested restricted shares (in Shares)	3,080

Supplementry Financial Statem_4

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Other Payables - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Other Payables [Abstract]
Employees and employee institutions	$ 760	$ 806
Expenses payable	385	305
Royalties payable	247	247
Other liabilities	9	11
Total	$ 1,401	$ 1,369

Supplementry Financial Statem_5

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative) [Line Items]
General and Administrative, Net		$ 4,637	$ 4,429	$ 2,500
Research and Development, Net		3,178	4,695	3,664
Cost of Revenues, Net		1,555	1,890	4,088
Cost of Revenues [Member]
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative) [Line Items]
Salary and related expenses		393		1,163
Consultants and subcontractors		112	247	881
Expenditure on materials (including inventory impairment loss)		1	2	792
Depreciation and other				259
Royalties		84
Office maintenance				93
Cost of Revenues, Gross		590	249	3,188
Operating costs not attributed to projects (mainly salary and related expenses)	[1]	965	1,641	900
Onerous contract provision included in costs			8	215
Research and Development, Net [Member]
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative) [Line Items]
Salary and related expenses		2,268	2,656	2,496
Consultants and subcontractors		388	441	998
Expenditure on materials (including inventory impairment loss)		70	1,020	738
Depreciation and other		104	486	437
Office maintenance		440	367	261
Research and Development, Gross		3,270	4,970	4,930
Less: Government Grants		(92)	(275)	(1,266)
Selling and Marketing [Member]
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative) [Line Items]
Salary and related expenses		918	953	444
Office maintenance		35	30	46
Project Promotion		58	84	45
Consultants		87	38	90
Other		50	96	13
Selling and Marketing, Net		1,148	1,201	638
General and Administrative [Member]
Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Cost of Expenses (Cost of Revenues, Research and Development, Net, Selling and Marketing, General and Administrative) [Line Items]
Salary and related expenses		2,134	2,354	1,013
Depreciation and other		170	298	173
Office maintenance		175	117	210
Consultants and insurance		1,778	1,660	1,104
Allowance for credit losses		$ 380

[1]Cost and expenses relating to periods in which the plant did not operate in full capacity.

Supplementry Financial Statem_6

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Financial Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Schedule of Financial Income [Abstarct]
Interest income	$ 161	$ 51	$ 3
Exchange rate differences, Net	142	672	(58)
Bank fees	(12)	(17)	(90)
Adjustment of royalty obligation	21	(23)
Total	$ 312	$ 683	$ (145)

Supplementry Financial Statem_7

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Schedule Of Basic And Diluted Loss Per Share Abstract
Net loss for the year, as reported	$ (9,648)	$ (11,092)	$ (11,017)
The effect of change in terms of Series 3 warrants	(92)
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per Ordinary Share - net loss attributable to shareholders	$ (9,740)	$ (11,092)	$ (11,017)
Denominator (Ordinary Shares in thousands)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year	1,936,831	1,462,776	1,193,447
Weighted average number of potential shares under prefunded warrants with token exercise price (“penny" warrants)	15,266
Denominator for basic and diluted loss per share – weighted number of Ordinary Shares	1,952,097	1,462,776	1,193,447
Basic and dilutive loss per Ordinary Share (in dollars)	$ (4.99)	$ (7.58)	$ (9.23)

Supplementry Financial Statem_8

Supplementry Financial Statement Information (Details) - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Schedule Of Basic And Diluted Loss Per Share Abstract
Numerator for diluted net loss per Ordinary Share - net loss attributable to shareholders	$ (9,360)	$ (11,092)	$ (11,017)
Denominator for diluted loss per share – weighted number of Ordinary Shares	1,952,097	1,462,776	1,193,447
Dilutive loss per Ordinary Share (in dollars)	$ (4.79)	$ (7.58)	$ (9.23)

Subsequent Events (Details)

Subsequent Events (Details) $ / shares in Units, ₪ in Thousands, $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 25, 2024 $ / shares shares	Jan. 18, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 18, 2024 ILS (₪)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 ILS (₪)
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Sale of stock price per share (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 4.5
Prefunded warrants issued (in Shares) \| shares	648,890
Warrants exercisable expire term	5 years
Prefunded exercise price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.0001
Aggregate gross proceeds				$ 4,000
Agent fees				280
Other offering expenses				$ 295
Period of services				7 years	7 years
Stock Option [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Consideration for services \| ₪					₪ 12,000
TES System [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Consideration for services				$ 3,300
Warrants [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Warrants issued (in Shares) \| shares	888,890
Warrants exercise price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 5
Warrant [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Warrants				3,024
Equity- classified warrants value				$ 1,600
Ordinary Shares [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Issuance of ordinary shares (in Shares) \| shares	240,000
Warrants price per share (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 4.4999
Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Consideration for services \| ₪			₪ 1,708
TES System [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Period of services				7 years	7 years
Consideration for services				$ 300	₪ 1,020
Israeli Innovation Authority [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsequent Events [Line Items]
Consideration for services		$ 450