FrontView REIT (FVR) S-11Registration of securities for real estate companies

We use market data and industry forecasts and projections throughout this prospectus and, in particular, in the sections entitled “Prospectus Summary,” “Market Opportunity,” and “Business and Properties.” We have obtained substantially all of this information from a market study prepared for us in connection with this offering by RCG. Such information is included in this prospectus in reliance on RCG’s authority as an expert on such matters. Any forecasts prepared by RCG are based on data (including third party data), models, and experience of various professionals and are based on various assumptions, all of which are subject to change without notice. See “Experts.” In addition, we have obtained certain market and industry data from publicly available industry publications. The forecasts and projections are based on industry surveys and the preparers’ experience in the industry, and there is no assurance that any of the projected amounts will be achieved. We have not independently verified this information.

The historical operations described in this prospectus refer to the historical operations of our predecessor. We have generally described the business operations in this prospectus as if the historical operations of our predecessor were conducted by us.

Contemporaneously with the closing of this offering, we will complete the REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization. Unless the context requires otherwise, all information set forth herein assumes the completion of the REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization. For further information on the REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization, refer to the section entitled “REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization Transactions.”

Unless otherwise indicated, the information contained in this prospectus assumes (i) that the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of our Common Stock is not exercised and (ii) that the Common Stock to be sold in this offering is sold at $   per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus.

We use certain financial measures in this prospectus that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures include FFO, AFFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, adjusted EBITDAre and annualized adjusted EBITDAre are in addition to, and not a substitute for, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. These measures should be read together with the corresponding GAAP measures. For definitions and reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

Unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms and phrases are used throughout this prospectus as described below:

Our portfolio consists of outparcel properties that are leased to one or more tenants, most of which are in a single building. As a result, our success depends on our tenants for substantially all of our revenue. The ability of our tenants to meet their obligations to us, including their obligations to pay rent, maintain certain insurance coverage, pay real estate taxes, and maintain the properties in a manner so as not to jeopardize their operating licenses or regulatory status depends on the performance of their business and industry, as well as general market and economic conditions, which are outside of our control. At any given time, any tenant may experience a downturn in its business that may weaken its operating results or the overall financial condition of individual properties or its business as whole. As a result, a tenant may fail to make rental payments when due, decline to extend a lease upon its expiration, become insolvent, or declare bankruptcy. The financial failure of, or default in payment by, an individual tenant under its lease is likely to cause a significant or complete reduction in our rental revenue from that property, increased expenses incurred by that property, and a reduction in the value of the property. We may also experience difficulty or a significant delay in re-leasing or selling such property. The occurrence of one or more tenant defaults could materially and adversely affect us.

We typically purchase properties that are subject to existing long-term net leases with a variety of remaining lease years (initial lease terms of 10 years or more that often have renewal options as well). As of June 30, 2024, the ABR weighted average remaining term of our leases was approximately 7.0 years, excluding renewal options. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 96.6% of our leases (based on ABR) had contractual rent escalations, including, in some cases, pursuant to options terms, with an ABR weighted average minimum increase of approximately 1.7%, as follows: (i) approximately 93.2% of our leases (based on ABR) contained fixed annual rent increases or periodic escalations over the term of the lease (e.g., a 10% increase every five years), (ii) approximately 3.4% of our leases (based on ABR) contained annual lease escalations based on increases in the CPI, and (iii) the remaining approximately 3.4% of our leases (based on ABR) did not contain rent escalation provisions. However, these built-in increases may be less than what we otherwise could achieve in the market. Most of our leases contain rent escalators that increase rent at a fixed amount on fixed dates, which may be less than prevailing market rates over the lease duration. For those leases that contain rent escalators based on CPI changes, our rent increases during periods of low inflation or deflation may be less than what we otherwise could achieve in the market. As a result, the long-term nature of our leases could impede our growth and materially and adversely affect us.

The weighted average remaining term of our leases is 7.0 years, excluding renewal options, which is shorter than some other publicly-traded net-lease REITs. Because any of our tenants may not renew their lease, we anticipate our rental revenues may be affected by declines in market rental rates more quickly than if our leases were for longer terms. Additionally, short-term leases may result in the turnover of our tenants sooner than our competitors. Consequently, we may need to undertake re-leasing efforts sooner and at shorter intervals than our competitors. The associated costs with these re-leasing efforts, which may, among other things, include repositioning costs, repair costs and re-tenanting costs, and the time our management team spends on the foregoing, may materially and adversely affect us.

Our quarterly and annual operating results have and may continue to fluctuate for a variety of reasons, including as a result of changes in the volume of real estate transactions, the availability of acquisition financing, capitalization rates, interest rates, competition, rental rates and other factors. If our financial results continue to fluctuate, our operations could be materially and adversely affected. As a result, our financial results that we report on a quarterly basis may not meet investors’ expectations and could materially and adversely affect us.

Our growth strategy depends significantly on acquiring new properties. From inception in 2016 to June 30, 2024, our team has acquired more than $786.0 million of net-leased real estate. Our ability to continue to grow requires us to identify and complete acquisitions that meet our investment criteria and depends on general market and economic conditions.

Changes in the volume of real estate transactions, the availability of acquisition financing, capitalization rates, interest rates, competition, market conditions or other factors may negatively impact our acquisition opportunities in 2024 and beyond. If we are unable to achieve growth through acquisitions at a rate that is comparable to our historical results, it could materially and adversely affect us. Furthermore, our acquisition volume within each year has not always been consistent on a quarterly basis, nor can we guarantee it will be consistent in the future. As a result, our acquisition results that we report on a quarterly basis may not meet investors’ expectations and could materially and adversely affect us.

We recorded net losses of approximately $4.6 million and $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We may continue to experience net losses in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

As we pursue our growth strategy, we may encounter increasingly difficult market conditions that place downward pressure on the total returns we can achieve on our investments. In 2024 to date, we have experienced an increase in the cost of capital to finance our acquisitions, which may continue in the foreseeable future. In addition, as part of our strategy, we may pursue investments with lower capitalization rates, which are safer but more expensive investments. Accordingly, our future acquisitions may have lower returns on equity than our acquisitions completed in 2022 and earlier. To the extent that our future growth is achieved through acquisitions that yield lower returns, it could materially and adversely affect us. In addition, if we fund future acquisitions with equity issuances, the dilutive impact could outweigh the benefits of acquisitions that achieve lower returns, which also could materially and adversely affect us.

In order to qualify as a REIT, we are required under the Code, among other things, to distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain. In addition, we will be subject to income tax at the corporate rate to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and including any net capital gain. Because of these distribution requirements, we may not be able to fund future capital needs, including any necessary acquisition financing, or repay debt obligations from operating cash flow. Consequently, we expect to rely, in part, on third-party sources to fund our capital needs. We may not be able to obtain the financing on favorable terms or at all. Our access to third-party sources of capital depends, in part, on:

If we cannot obtain capital from third-party sources, we may not be able to acquire individual tenant outparcel net-leased properties when strategic opportunities exist, meet the capital and operating needs of our existing outparcel properties, or satisfy our debt service obligations, any of which could materially and adversely affect us.

We have grown rapidly and our growth strategy depends significantly on continued growth through acquisitions. Our future operating results will depend on our ability to effectively manage this growth. To accomplish this, we will need to:

We cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to effectively manage our growth, which could materially and adversely affect us.

In pursuing our growth strategy, we may acquire outparcel properties that cause our portfolio to become less diversified based on tenants, brands or geographic reach. If our portfolio becomes less diverse in any respect, our business may become subject to greater risk, including tenant bankruptcies, adverse industry trends, and economic downturns in a particular industry or geographic area. As a result, if any such risks of a less diversified portfolio are realized, we could be materially and adversely affected.

The market for outparcel and other properties in the United States is highly competitive. We are facing increasing competition for outparcel properties from a diverse group of other entities engaged in real estate investment activities, including publicly traded and privately held REITs, public companies, private institutional real estate investors, sovereign wealth funds, banks, mortgage bankers, insurance companies, investment banking firms, lenders, specialty finance companies, individuals, family offices and other entities. In addition, we face competition for acquisition opportunities from business operators that prefer to own, rather than lease space. Some of our competitors are larger and may have considerably greater financial, technical, leasing, underwriting, marketing, and other resources than we do. Some competitors may have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that may not be available to us. In addition, other competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments and may not be subject to the same operating constraints, including maintaining REIT status or maintaining lower yield requirements. This competition may result in fewer acquisitions, higher prices, lower yields, less desirable outparcel properties, and acceptance of greater risk. As a result, we cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to successfully execute our growth strategy. Any failure to grow through acquisitions as a result of the increasing competition we face could materially and adversely affect us.

We compete for tenants to occupy our outparcel properties in all of our markets with numerous developers, owners, and operators of outparcel properties, as well as owner occupied businesses, many of which own outparcel

Our success and our ability to manage anticipated future growth depend, in large part, upon the efforts of our key personnel, particularly Messrs. Preston and Starr, our co-Chief Executive Officers. Messrs. Preston and Starr have extensive market knowledge and relationships and exercise substantial influence over our operational, financing, acquisition, and disposition activity. If we lost either of their services, our network of external relationships and resources would be materially diminished.

Our senior management team has significant net-lease real estate, acquisition, development, finance, and capital markets experience, including working together since 2016 to collectively build our portfolio and manage our operations from the ground up. Our senior management team has a strong investment track record with long-standing experience with outparcel properties beginning in 1999. During this time, our team has developed a reputation as a proven and focused buyer of outparcel properties. The departure of either of our co-Chief Executive Officers or any other member of our senior management team, or our inability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel, could adversely affect our business, diminish our investment opportunities, and weaken our relationships with lenders, business partners, existing and prospective tenants, and industry personnel, which could materially and adversely affect us.

No member of our management team has prior experience in managing a publicly traded company. As such, our management team may encounter difficulties in successfully managing our business in a public company environment, including, among other things, effectively complying with our reporting and other obligations under federal securities laws and other regulations and in connection with operating as a public company. Our management team’s lack of prior experience operating a public company could materially and adversely affect us.

Tenant demand for outparcel properties historically has been adversely affected by, among other things, weakness in the national, regional and local economies, including in regions in which we operate, the adverse financial condition of our tenants, consolidation in the industries in which our tenants operate and an excess amount of outparcel properties in some markets and rents and operational costs that make outparcels unattractive to tenants. Any of these conditions may arise in the future and are likely to negatively affect demand for outparcel properties and could materially and adversely affect us.

As of June 30, 2024, approximately 39.3% of our ABR came from outparcel properties in our top five states: Illinois (12.1%), Texas (8.5%), Georgia (6.7%), Ohio (6.3%) and North Carolina (5.8%). Also, as of June 30, 2024 approximately 29.3% of our ABR came from outparcel properties in our top five MSAs: the Chicago area (10.8%), the Atlanta area (6.5%), the Philadelphia area (4.6%), the Dallas-Fort Worth area (3.7%) and the Charlotte area (3.7%). These geographic concentrations could adversely affect our operating performance if conditions become less favorable in any of the states or markets within which we have a concentration of outparcel properties. We can provide no assurance that any of our markets will grow, will not experience adverse developments, or that underlying real estate fundamentals will be favorable to owners and operators of service-oriented businesses, such as restaurants, cellular stores, financial institutions, automotive stores and dealers, medical and dental providers, pharmacies, convenience and gas stores, car washes, home improvement stores, grocery stores, professional services as well as general retail tenants. A downturn in the economy in the states or regions in which we have a concentration of

As of June 30, 2024, approximately 19.3% of our ABR came from casual dining tenants, 17.5% from QSR tenants, 10.3% from automotive tenants, 10.0% from healthcare service tenants, 8.3% from banking tenants and 8.0% from general retail tenants. Any adverse developments in one or more of these industries could materially and adversely affect us. For example, labor shortages, wages, including changes in the minimum wage, supply chain issues and general operational costs have particularly affected the restaurant, healthcare services and automotive sectors. Changes in technology could impact the viability of many of our tenant industries. In addition, we are subject to increased risks related to the concentration of specific restaurant brands such as IHOP, Wendy’s and Chili’s. If our QSR, full-service restaurant, banking, medical and dental, cellular or automotive tenants suffer weakening demand for their goods or services, it could adversely affect their ability to meet their rent and other obligations under their leases with us. It also may be difficult and expensive to re-tenant an outparcel property designed for a particular industry with a new tenant that operates in an industry requiring a different property type. As a result, any adverse developments in one or more of our concentrated industries could materially and adversely affect us.

As of June 30, 2024, approximately 60.0% of our tenants had a credit rating below investment-grade, or were unrated, as a percentage of our ABR. Any adverse developments in the business or prospects of these tenants could materially and adversely affect us. For example, according to S&P Global Ratings Credit Research and Insights, as of September 30, 2023, in every year since 1981 speculative-grade rated companies defaulted at higher rates than investment-grade rated companies. Similarly, in Moody’s Investor Services Annual Corporate Default Study: Corporate Default and Recover Rates, 1920-2015, the cumulative five-year average default rate is linearly correlated with a company’s credit rating. If tenants with credit ratings below investment-grade, or tenants without credit ratings, suffer weakening demand for their goods or services, it could adversely affect their ability to meet their rent and other obligations under their leases with us. As a result, any adverse developments to one or more of our tenants that have credit ratings below investment-grade, or tenants without credit ratings, could materially and adversely affect us.

Our tenants, including restaurants, pharmacies, financial institutions, convenience and gas stores, general retail stores, and other industries are increasingly affected by ecommerce and changes in customer buying habits, including the delivery or curbside pick-up of items ordered online. Many retail tenants sell goods that have historically been less likely to be purchased online (such as restaurants, pharmacies, automotive stores and dealers and gas stations), however, the continuing increase in ecommerce sales in all retail categories (including online orders for immediate delivery or pick-up in store) may cause retailers to adjust the size or number or character of retail locations in the future or close stores. Changes in shopping trends as a result of the growth in ecommerce may affect the profitability of retailers, including our tenants, that do not adapt to changes in market conditions. We cannot predict with certainty what consumers will want, what future retail spaces for outparcel properties will look like, or how much revenue will be generated at traditional brick and mortar outparcels. If we or our tenants are unable to anticipate and respond promptly to trends in the market (such as space for a drive through or curbside pickup), we may be materially and adversely affected.

As of June 30, 2024, tenants in the restaurant industry represented approximately 36.8% of our ABR. In the future, we may acquire additional restaurant outparcel properties. Accordingly, decreases in the demand for restaurant outparcel properties may have a greater adverse effect on us than if we had fewer investments in this industry. The market for restaurant outparcel properties has been, and could continue to be, adversely affected by weakness in the

To the extent that these conditions continue in the restaurant industry, they are likely to negatively affect market rents for such outparcel properties and could materially and adversely affect us.

As of June 30, 2024, our top 20 tenant brands together represented approximately 38.5% of our ABR. Our largest tenant brand is Verizon, which leased nine outparcel properties that in the aggregate represent approximately 3.4% of our ABR as of June 30, 2024. One or more of our top 20 tenant brands may experience a material business downturn weakening their financial position and resulting in their failure to make timely rent payments and/or default under their leases. Further, many of our tenant brands, like Verizon, operate more than one outparcel property. Any financial difficulties experienced by a tenant brand that operates multiple outparcel properties, whether resulting from macroeconomic conditions, management performance or other causes, could also affect other outparcel properties operated by that tenant brand. As a result, if one or more of our top 20 tenant brands suffers a downturn, it could materially and adversely affect us.

Our results of operations depend on our ability to continue to successfully lease our outparcel properties, including renewing expiring leases, re-leasing outparcel properties as leases expire, leasing vacant space, optimizing our tenant mix, or leasing outparcel properties on more economically favorable terms. As of June 30, 2024, four leases representing approximately 1.4% of our ABR are scheduled to expire during 2024 and 16 leases representing approximately 4.8% of our ABR are scheduled to expire during 2025. Current tenants may decline, or may not have the financial resources available, to renew their current leases, and we cannot assure you that leases that are renewed will have terms that are as economically favorable to us as the expiring lease terms. If our tenants do not renew their leases as they expire, we cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to find new tenants at rental rates equal to or above the current average rental rates or that substantial rent abatements, leasing commissions, tenant improvement allowances, early termination rights, or below-market renewal options will not be required to attract new tenants. We may experience significant costs in connection with re-leasing a significant number of our outparcel properties, which could materially and adversely affect us. As of June 30, 2024, three of our outparcel properties remained unoccupied. We may experience difficulties in leasing these vacant spaces on favorable terms or at all. Any failure to renew leases, re-lease outparcel properties as leases expire, or lease vacant space could materially and adversely affect us.

The loss of a tenant, either through lease expiration or tenant bankruptcy or insolvency, may require us to spend significant amounts of capital to renovate and or reposition the outparcel property before it is suitable for a new tenant and cause us to incur significant costs. In particular, our specialty outparcel properties are designed for a particular type of tenant or tenant use. If tenants of specialty outparcel properties do not renew or default on their leases, we may not be able to re-lease such outparcel properties without substantial capital improvements, which may require significant cost and time to complete. Alternatively, we may not be able to re-lease or sell the outparcel property without such improvements or may be required to reduce the rent or selling price significantly. These re-leasing risks could materially and adversely affect us. Further, certain of the current specialty uses may prevent future use of such properties for other purposes. For example, the use of a property as a gas station or car wash may prevent such property from being used for food and beverage service in the future.

We depend on the ability of our tenants to meet their obligations to pay rent to us due under our lease for substantially all of our revenue. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 40.0% of our ABR came from tenants that had an investment grade credit rating. A portion of our outparcel properties are leased to unrated tenants. Our investments in outparcel properties leased to such tenants may have a greater risk of default than investments in outparcel properties leased to investment grade tenants. The ability of an unrated tenant to meet its rent and other obligations under its lease with us may be subject to greater risk than our tenants that have an investment grade rating. When we invest in properties where the tenant does not have a publicly available credit rating, we use certain credit-assessment tools as well as our own estimates of the tenant’s credit rating which includes reviewing the tenant’s financial information (e.g., financial ratios, net worth, revenue, cash flows, leverage, and liquidity, if applicable). Our methods, however, may not adequately assess the risk of an investment and, if our assessment of credit quality proves to be inaccurate, we may be subject to defaults and investors may view our cash flows as less stable. If one or more of our tenants defaults, it could have a material adverse effect on us.

Our underwriting and risk management procedures that we use to evaluate a tenant’s credit risk may not be sufficient to identify tenant problems in a timely manner or at all. For tenants without published financial data, it can be difficult to properly monitor or manage changes in credit quality, increasing the possibility of credit risk within the portfolio. Tenant credit ratings, public or implied, however, are only one component of how we assess the risk of tenant insolvency. We also use our own internal estimate of the likelihood of an insolvency or default, based on the regularly monitored performance of our properties and rent collections, our assessment of a tenant’s financial health, including profitability, liquidity, indebtedness, and leverage profile, and our assessment of the health and performance of a tenant’s particular industry. If our assessment of credit quality proves to be inaccurate, we may experience one or more tenant defaults, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

We rely on information from our tenants to determine a potential tenant’s credit risk as well as for on-going risk management. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 35.2% of our ABR came from tenants that were required to periodically provide us with specified financial information and approximately 40.0% of our ABR came from tenants that were not required to provide us with specified financial information under the terms of our lease, but were required to file financial statements publicly, either through SEC filings or otherwise. Ratings or conclusions derived from both credit-assessment tools and our internal teams rely on such information provided to us by our tenants and prospective tenants without independent verification on our part, and we are at risk to the extent the estimates and judgments that were made by the party preparing the financial information are not reliable or appropriate. A tenant’s failure to provide appropriate information may interfere with our ability to accurately evaluate a potential tenant’s credit risk or determine an existing tenant’s default risk, the occurrence of either could materially and adversely affect us.

If a tenant, or the guarantor of a lease of a tenant, commences, or has commenced against it, a bankruptcy proceeding, we may be unable to collect all sums due to us under that tenant’s lease or be forced to “take back” a property as a result of a default or a rejection of a lease by a tenant in a bankruptcy proceeding. If a tenant becomes bankrupt or insolvent, federal law may prohibit us from evicting such tenant based solely upon such bankruptcy or insolvency. In addition, a bankrupt or insolvent tenant may be authorized to reject and terminate its lease or leases with us. Any claims against such bankrupt tenant for unpaid future rent would be subject to statutory limitations that would likely result in our receipt of rental revenues that are substantially less than the contractually specified rent we are owed under the lease or leases. Any or all of the lease obligations of our tenants, or any guarantor of our tenants, could be subject to a bankruptcy proceeding which may bar our efforts to collect pre-bankruptcy debts from these entities or their properties, unless we are able to obtain an enabling order from the bankruptcy court. If our lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we may only have a general unsecured claim against the tenant and may not be

Under the terms of some of our leases, we may be required to pay or reimburse specified expenses of the property, such as the costs of roof and structural repairs, real estate taxes, insurance, certain non-structural repairs, maintenance, off-site improvements, and remediation activities (unless necessitated by the tenant), especially if a property becomes vacant. In addition, under some of our leases, the tenant reimbursement obligations for costs related to the operation of the property are subject to caps and exclusions contained within the underlying lease. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we incurred a total of approximately $0.6 million of non-reimbursable expenses. If, however, our properties incur significant expenses in the future that must be paid by us under the terms of our leases, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected and the amount of cash available to meet expenses and to make distributions to our stockholders and unitholders may be reduced.

As of June 30, 2024, approximately 12.9% of our tenants operated their businesses under franchise or license agreements. Generally, these franchise agreements have terms that end earlier than the respective expiration dates of our leases with these tenants. In addition, a tenant’s rights as a franchisee or licensee typically may be terminated by the franchisor or licensor and the tenant may be precluded from competing with the franchisor or licensor upon termination. Usually, we have no notice or cure rights with respect to a tenant’s termination and have no rights to assignment of any such franchise agreement. A franchisor’s or licensor’s termination or refusal to renew a franchise or license agreement would likely have a material adverse effect on the ability of the tenant to make payments under its lease, which could materially and adversely affect us.

Information security risks generally have increased significantly in recent years due to the increased technological sophistication and activities of perpetrators of cyber-attacks. Our business involves the storage and transmission of numerous classes of sensitive and confidential information and intellectual property, including tenants’ information, private information about our stockholders and our employees, and financial and strategic information about us. We face risks associated with security breaches through cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions, malware, computer viruses, attachments to e-mails, persons inside our organization or persons with access to systems inside our organization, external systems hosted by third-party service providers, and other significant disruptions of our information technology (“IT”) networks and related systems. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attack or cyber-intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity, and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. If we fail to assess and identify cybersecurity risks associated with our operations, we may become increasingly vulnerable to such risks. Additionally, the measures we have implemented to prevent security breaches and cyber incidents may not be effective. The theft, destruction, loss, misappropriation, or release of sensitive or confidential information or intellectual property, or interference with or disruptions of our IT networks and related systems or the technology systems of third parties on which we rely, could result in business disruption, negative publicity, brand damage, violation of privacy laws, loss of tenants, potential liability, and competitive disadvantage. Laws and regulations governing data privacy are constantly evolving. Many of these laws and regulations, including the California Consumer Protection Act, contain detailed requirements regarding collecting and processing personal information, restrict the use and storage of such information, and govern the effectiveness of consumer consent. Any of the above risks could materially and adversely affect us.

We routinely evaluate our real estate investments for impairment indicators. The judgment regarding the existence of impairment indicators is based on factors such as market conditions and tenant performance. For example, the early termination of, or default under, a lease by a tenant may lead to an impairment charge. Since our investment focus is on outparcel properties leased to one or two tenants, the financial failure of, or other default by, tenants under their lease(s) may result in a significant impairment loss. If we determine that an impairment has occurred, we would be required to make a downward adjustment to the net carrying value of the property, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period in which the impairment charge is recorded. Negative developments in the real estate market may cause management to reevaluate the business and macro-economic assumptions used in its impairment analysis. Changes in management’s assumptions based on actual results may have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Polices Estimates—Impairment of Long-Lived Assets” for a discussion of real estate impairment charges.

From time to time we expect to engage in repositioning or construction of real estate projects and will therefore face significant risks relating to such activities. We must rely on expected rental income, expense projections and estimates of the fair market value of a property upon completion of repositioning or construction when determining an outparcel property’s most economical use. If our projections are inaccurate, or we may pay too much for a property, our return on capital could suffer. Additionally, we may incur costs for construction or repositioning of outparcel properties that exceed our original estimates due to factors beyond our control, including, among other things, increased material costs, labor costs, material shortages, supply chain delays or disruptions, or unanticipated technical difficulties. Any occurrence of these events could impact our ability to achieve the expected value of a repositioning or construction project, including, among other things, because of our inability to timely deliver outparcel properties in a way that meets tenant needs or because market rents may not increase sufficiently to compensate for the increase in construction or repositioning costs. We may even suspend repositioning or construction projects after construction has begun due to changes in economic conditions or other factors, and this may result in the write-off of costs, payment of additional costs or increases in overall costs if the development project is ever restarted. To the extent any of these events occur, such events may materially and adversely affect us.

From time to time the FASB and the SEC may change the financial accounting and reporting standards or their interpretation and application of these standards that will govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes could materially and adversely affect our reported financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in restating prior period financial statements. Similarly, these changes could materially and adversely affect our tenants’ reported financial condition or results of operations and affect their preferences regarding leasing real estate.

In the future we may acquire outparcel properties or portfolios of outparcel properties through tax deferred contribution transactions in exchange for OP Units, which may result in stockholder dilution. This acquisition structure may have the effect of, among other things, reducing the amount of tax depreciation we could deduct over the tax life of the acquired outparcel properties, and may require that we agree to protect the contributors’ ability to defer recognition of taxable gain through restrictions on our ability to dispose of the acquired outparcel properties and/or the allocation of debt to the contributors to maintain their tax bases. These restrictions could limit our ability to sell certain assets of the OP at a time, or on terms, that would be favorable absent such restrictions. As a result, any acquisitions we complete using OP Units could result in stockholder dilution and limit our ability to subsequently sell such assets, which could materially and adversely affect us.

Our rights and obligations with respect to the leases at our outparcel properties, mortgage loans, or other loans are governed by written agreements. A court could determine that one or more provisions of such agreements are unenforceable, such as a particular remedy, a loan prepayment provision or a provision governing our security interest in the underlying collateral of a borrower or lessee. We could be materially and adversely impacted if this were to happen with respect to an asset or group of assets.

In the future we may become subject to litigation, including, but not limited to, claims relating to our operations, past and future securities offerings, corporate transactions, and otherwise in the ordinary course of business. Some of these claims may result in significant defense costs and potentially significant judgments against us, some of which are not, or cannot be, insured against. We generally intend to vigorously defend ourselves. However, we cannot be certain of the ultimate outcomes of any claims that may arise in the future. Resolution of these types of matters may require us to pay significant fines, judgments, or settlements, which, if uninsured, or if the fines, judgments, and settlements exceed insured levels, could materially and adversely impact us, including our earnings and cash flows. Some litigation matters and/or their resolution may adversely affect the availability or cost of some of our insurance coverage, which could materially and adversely impact us, expose us to increased risks that would be uninsured, and materially and adversely impact our ability to attract directors and officers.

As defined in standards established by the PCAOB, a “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The identified material weakness required adjustments to our financial statements during the audit. The PCAOB defines “significant deficiency” as a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a misstatement of the financial statements that is more than inconsequential will not be prevented or detected. While a significant deficiency is considered less severe than a material weakness, it is important enough to merit attention by those responsible for oversight of financial reporting, including the audit committee of a company's board of directors.

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, we and our independent registered public accounting firms identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting relating to our predecessor’s control activities, which were not designed and implemented effectively with respect to the evaluation and review of significant assumptions used in the purchase price allocation of tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities for our acquisitions of properties. This material weakness resulted in errors that were identified in connection with the audit of our predecessor’s consolidated financial statements to record the acquisition of certain tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities. The identified material weakness required adjustments to our financial statements.

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, we and our independent registered public accounting firms also identified a significant deficiency in our predecessor’s internal control over financial reporting relating to management’s review of manual journal entries. Specifically, our predecessor’s control activities were not designed and implemented effectively with respect to the review of manual journal entries. This deficiency may result in journal entries being recorded which are not accurate.

As part of our remediation plan for the material weakness during 2023, we engaged a third-party valuation expert to assist in the preparation of the purchase price allocations. The remediation plan included implementation of a documented review to verify the completeness, accuracy and assumptions used in the purchase price allocations. During 2023, we designed and implemented a manual journal entry review control that validated that the journal entries were accurate and supported with the requisite documentation. Based on the implementation of these controls, we believe the material weakness and significant deficiency have been remediated as of December 31, 2023.

If our material weakness and significant deficiency were not successfully remediated, or if we identify any future material weaknesses or significant deficiencies, we could experience decreased investor confidence in the

As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, Sarbanes-Oxley, the Dodd-Frank Act, and the regulations of the NYSE. Such requirements will increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs, will make some activities more difficult, time-consuming and costly and could be burdensome on our personnel, systems and resources. We will devote significant resources to address these public company-associated requirements, including compliance programs and investor relations, as well as our financial reporting obligations. Complying with these rules and regulations has and will substantially increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly. Any failure to comply with such rules could materially and adversely affect us.

There may be known or unknown environmental liabilities associated with properties we previously owned, currently own, or may acquire in the future. Under various federal, state, and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, as a current or former owner or operator of real property, we may be liable for costs and damages resulting from environmental matters, including the presence or discharge of hazardous or toxic substances, waste, or petroleum products at, on, in, under or migrating from such property, including costs to investigate or clean up such contamination and liability for personal injury, property damage, or harm to natural resources. Certain uses of some properties may have a heightened risk of environmental liability because of the hazardous materials used in performing services on those properties, such as industrial properties, car washes, gasoline stations, or auto parts and auto service businesses using petroleum products, paint, machine solvents, and other hazardous materials. Our due diligence team typically undertakes customary environmental diligence prior to our acquisition of any property, including obtaining Phase I environmental site assessments. The Phase I environmental site assessments are limited in scope and therefore may not reveal all environmental conditions affecting a property. For example, Phase I environmental assessments do not include soil sampling or subsurface investigations. Therefore, there could be undiscovered environmental liabilities on the properties we own.

The known or potential presence of hazardous substances on a property may adversely affect our ability to sell, lease, or improve the property, or to borrow using the property as collateral. In addition, environmental laws may create liens on contaminated properties in favor of the government for damages and costs it incurs to address such contamination. Moreover, if contamination is discovered on our properties, environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which they may be used or which businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require substantial expenditures.

Our environmental liabilities may include property and natural resources damage, personal injury, investigation, and clean-up costs, among other potential environmental liabilities. These costs could be substantial. Although we obtain insurance for environmental liability in excess of tenant indemnification for certain properties that are deemed to warrant coverage, our insurance may be insufficient to address any particular environmental situation and we may be unable to continue to obtain insurance for environmental matters, at a reasonable cost or at all, in the future. If our environmental liability insurance is inadequate, we may become subject to material losses for environmental liabilities. Our ability to receive the benefits of any environmental liability insurance policy will depend on the financial stability of our insurance company and the position it takes with respect to our insurance policies. If we were to become subject to significant environmental liabilities, we could be materially and adversely affected.

Although our leases generally require our tenants to operate in compliance with all applicable federal, state, and local environmental laws, ordinances, and regulations, and to indemnify us against any environmental liabilities arising from the tenants’ activities on the property, we could nevertheless be subject to liability as a current or previous owner of real estate, including strict liability, by virtue of our ownership interest and may be required to remove or remediate hazardous or toxic substances on, under, or in a property. Further, there can be no assurance that our tenants, or the guarantor of a lease, could or would satisfy their indemnification obligations under their leases. We may face liability regardless of our knowledge of the contamination, the timing of the contamination, the cause

Some of our properties may contain, or may have contained, asbestos-containing building materials. Environmental, health, and safety laws require that owners or operators of or employers in buildings with ACM properly manage and maintain these materials, adequately inform or train those who may come into contact with ACM, and undertake special precautions, including removal or other abatement, in the event that ACM is disturbed during building maintenance, renovation, or demolition. These laws may impose fines and penalties on employers, building owners, or operators for failure to comply with these laws. In addition, third parties may seek recovery from employers, owners, or operators for personal injury associated with exposure to asbestos. If we become subject to any of these penalties or other liabilities as a result of ACM at one or more of our properties, it could have a material adverse effect on us.

When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold growth may occur, particularly if the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Certain uses of our properties are more susceptible to giving rise to mold. Some molds may produce airborne toxins or irritants. Indoor air quality issues also can stem from inadequate ventilation, chemical contamination from indoor or outdoor sources and other biological contaminants such as pollen, viruses, and bacteria. Indoor exposure to airborne toxins or irritants above certain levels can be alleged to cause a variety of adverse health effects and symptoms, including allergic or other reactions. As a result, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants at any of our properties could require us to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold or other airborne contaminants from the affected property or increase indoor ventilation. In addition, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants could expose us to liability from our tenants, employees of our tenants, and others if property damage or personal injury occurs. Thus, conditions related to mold or other airborne contaminants could have a material adverse effect on us.

Our core business is the ownership of outparcel properties that are net leased on a long-term basis to businesses generally in the restaurant, cellular store, financial institution, automotive store and dealer, medical and dental provider, pharmacy, convenience and gas store, car wash, home improvement store, grocery stores, professional services and general retail sectors. Accordingly, our performance is subject to risks generally attributable to the ownership of outparcel properties, including:

The factors described above are out of our control, and we are unable to predict future changes in such factors. Any negative changes in these factors may cause the value of our real estate to decline, which could materially and adversely affect us.

A significant portion of our portfolio is leased to tenants operating businesses that rely on discretionary consumer spending. The success of most of these businesses depends on the willingness of consumers to use discretionary income to purchase their products or services. Our results of operations are sensitive to changes in the overall economic conditions that impact our tenants’ financial condition and leasing practices and a downturn in the economy could cause consumers to reduce their discretionary spending, which could result in tenant bankruptcies or otherwise have an adverse impact on our tenants’ ability to successfully manage their businesses and pay us amounts due under our lease agreements, thereby materially and adversely affecting us. Accordingly, adverse economic conditions such as high unemployment levels, an increase in interest rates, a decrease in available financing, high inflation, labor and workforce shortages, supply chain issues, tax rates, and fuel and energy costs may have an impact on the results of operations and financial conditions of our tenants. During periods of economic slowdown or recession, rising interest rates and declining demand for real estate may result in a general decline in rents or an increased incidence of defaults under existing leases. A lack of demand for outparcel properties could adversely affect our ability to maintain our current tenants and gain new tenants, which may affect our growth and results of operations. Accordingly, a decline in economic conditions could materially and adversely affect us.

Because real estate investments are relatively illiquid, our ability to adjust our portfolio promptly in response to economic, financial, investment, or other conditions may be limited. Return of capital and realization of gains, if any, from an investment generally will occur upon disposition or refinancing of the underlying property. We may be unable to realize our investment objective by sale, other disposition, or refinancing at attractive prices within any given period of time, or we may otherwise be unable to complete any exit strategy. In particular, these risks could arise from weakness in or even the lack of an established market for a property, changes in the financial condition or prospects of prospective purchasers, changes in national or international economic conditions, and changes in laws, regulations, or fiscal policies of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. Further, certain significant

The Federal Reserve Board has maintained the federal funds rate for eight consecutive meetings. As of August 9, 2024, the effective federal funds rate was greater than 5%, which is at the highest level since 2006. If the Federal Reserve Board continues to increase the federal funds rate, overall interest rates will likely continue to rise. During periods of increasing interest rates, real estate valuations have generally decreased as a result of rising capitalization rates, which tend to be positively correlated with interest rates. Consequently, prolonged periods of higher interest rates may negatively impact the valuation of our portfolio which could materially and adversely affect us.

As of June 2024, the CPI rose 3.0% year over year before seasonal adjustment. Federal policies and recent global events, such as the rising price of oil and the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, may have exacerbated, and may continue to exacerbate, increases in the CPI.

A sustained or further increase in inflation could have a negative impact on variable-rate debt we and our tenants currently have or that we or our tenants may incur in the future. During times when inflation is greater than the increases in rent provided by many of our leases, rent increases will not keep up with the rate of inflation. Because tenants are typically required to pay all property operating expenses, increases in property-level expenses at our leased properties generally do not affect us. However, increased operating expenses at vacant properties and the properties for which we are responsible for reimbursing tenants for a limited number of specified expenses could cause us to incur additional operating expenses, which could increase our exposure to inflation. Increased costs may have an adverse impact on our tenants if increases in their operating expenses exceed increases in revenue, which may adversely affect the tenants’ ability to pay rent owed to us, which in turn could materially and adversely affect us. Inflation may also have an adverse effect on consumer spending, which could impact our tenants’ revenues and their ability to pay rent owed to us. Any of these factors could materially and adversely affect us.

Natural disasters, terrorist attacks, other acts of violence or war, or other catastrophic events (e.g., hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, or other types of natural disasters or wars or other acts of violence) could cause damage to our properties, materially interrupt our business operations (or those of our tenants), cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease, or result in increased volatility in the U.S. and worldwide financial markets and economy. Such occurrences also could result in or prolong an economic recession in the United States. We own properties in regions that have historically been impacted by natural disasters and it is probable such regions will continue to be impacted by such events. If a disaster occurs, we could suffer a complete loss of capital invested in, and any profits expected from, the affected properties. Any of these occurrences could materially and adversely affect us.

As a result of climate change, our properties in certain markets could experience increases in storm intensity, flooding, drought, wildfires, rising sea levels, and extreme temperatures. The potential physical impacts of climate change on our properties are uncertain and would be particular to the geographic circumstances in areas in which we own property. Over time, these conditions could result in volatile or decreased demand for certain of our properties or, in extreme cases, the inability of our tenants to operate the properties at all. Climate change may also have indirect effects on our business by increasing the cost of insurance (or making insurance unavailable), increasing the cost of energy at our properties, or requiring us to spend funds to repair and protect our properties against such risks. In addition, we also face business trend-related climate risks as investors, employees and other stakeholders are increasingly taking into account ESG factors, including climate risks. Our reputation and investor relationships could be damaged as a result of our involvement with certain industries or assets associated with activities perceived to be

There is an increasing focus from certain investors and other stakeholders concerning corporate responsibility, specifically related to ESG factors. Some investors may use these factors to guide their investment strategies and, in some cases, may choose not to invest in our securities if they believe our policies relating to corporate responsibility are inadequate. Third-party providers of corporate responsibility ratings and reports on companies have increased in number, resulting in varied and in some cases inconsistent standards. In addition, the criteria by which companies’ corporate responsibility practices are assessed are evolving, which could result in greater expectations of us and cause us to undertake costly initiatives to satisfy such new criteria. Alternatively, if we elect not to or are unable to satisfy such new criteria or do not meet the criteria of a specific third-party provider, some investors may conclude that our policies with respect to corporate responsibility are inadequate. We may face reputational damage in the event that our corporate responsibility procedures or standards do not meet the standards set by various constituencies. Furthermore, if our competitors’ corporate responsibility performance is perceived to be greater than ours, potential or current investors may elect to invest with our competitors instead. In addition, in the event that we communicate certain initiatives and goals regarding ESG matters, we could fail, or be perceived to fail, in our achievement of such initiatives or goals, or we could be criticized for the scope of such initiatives or goals. If we fail to satisfy any of the expectations of third-party providers of corporate responsibility ratings, investors, tenants and other stakeholders, or our initiatives are not executed as planned, our reputation and financial results could be materially and adversely affected.

Our tenants are generally required to maintain comprehensive insurance coverage for the properties they lease from us pursuant to our net leases. Pursuant to such leases, our tenants are generally required to name us (and any of our lenders that have a mortgage on the property leased by the tenant) as additional insureds on their liability policies and additional named insureds and/or loss payees (or mortgagee, in the case of our lenders) on their property policies. To the extent that our tenants do not name us as additional insureds on their liability policies, this may create a risk for us regarding coverage for any losses or liabilities associated with such properties. Additionally, most tenants are required to maintain casualty coverage and most are required to carry limits at 100% of replacement cost, although some of our leases allow tenants to self-insure their insurance obligations for casualty losses. Depending on the location of the property, losses of a catastrophic nature, such as those caused by casualty, earthquakes and floods, may be covered by insurance policies that are held by our tenant with limitations such as large deductibles or co-payments that a tenant may not be able to meet. In addition, losses of a catastrophic nature, such as those caused by wind/hail, hurricanes, terrorism, or acts of war, may be uninsurable or not economically insurable. In the event there is damage to our properties that is not covered by insurance and such properties are subject to recourse indebtedness, we will continue to be liable for the indebtedness, even if these properties are irreparably damaged. In addition, if uninsured damage to a property occurs or a loss exceeds policy limits and we do not have adequate cash to fund repairs, we may be forced to sell the property at a loss or to borrow capital to fund the repairs.

Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental considerations, and other factors, including terrorism or acts of war, may make any insurance proceeds we receive insufficient to repair or replace a property if it is damaged or destroyed. In that situation, the insurance proceeds received may not be adequate to restore our economic position with respect to the affected real property. Also, if we experience a substantial or comprehensive loss of one of our properties, we may not be able to rebuild such property to its existing specifications without significant capital expenditures which may exceed any amounts received pursuant to insurance policies, as reconstruction or improvement of such a property would likely require significant upgrades to meet zoning and building code requirements. The loss of our capital investment in or anticipated future returns from our properties due to material uninsured losses could materially and adversely affect us.

All real property and the operations conducted on real property are subject to numerous federal, state, and local laws and regulations. We cannot predict what laws or regulations will be enacted in the future, how future laws or regulations will be administered or interpreted, or how future laws or regulations will affect us or our properties. For example, we may be required to make substantial capital expenditures to comply with applicable fire and safety regulations, building codes, the ADA, environmental regulations, and other land use regulations, and may be required to obtain approvals from various authorities with respect to our properties, including prior to acquiring a property or when undertaking improvements of any of our existing properties. Compliance with new laws or regulations, or stricter interpretation of existing laws, may require us or our tenants to incur significant expenditures, impose significant liability, restrict or prohibit business activities, and could materially adversely affect us.

Our properties are subject to the ADA. Under the ADA, all public accommodations must meet federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. Compliance with the ADA requirements could require removal of access barriers and non-compliance could result in imposition of fines by the U.S. government or an award of damages to private litigants, or both. While our tenants are obligated by law to comply with the ADA and typically obligated under our leases to cover costs associated with compliance, if required changes involve greater expenditures than anticipated or if the changes must be made on a more accelerated basis than anticipated, the ability of our tenants to cover costs could be adversely affected. We could be required to expend our own funds to comply with the provisions of the ADA, which could materially and adversely affect us.

We are required to operate our properties in compliance with fire and safety regulations, building codes, environmental regulations, and other land use regulations, as they may be adopted by governmental agencies and bodies and become applicable to our properties. We may be required to make substantial capital expenditures to comply with those requirements and may be required to obtain approvals from various authorities with respect to our properties, including prior to acquiring a property or when undertaking improvements of any of our existing properties. We cannot assure you that existing laws and regulatory policies will not materially and adversely affect us or the timing or cost of any future acquisitions or improvements, or that additional regulations will not be adopted that increase such delays or result in additional costs. Additionally, failure to comply with any of these requirements could result in the imposition of fines by governmental authorities or awards of damages to private litigants. While we intend to only acquire properties that we believe are currently in substantial compliance with all regulatory requirements, these requirements may change and new requirements may be imposed which would require significant unanticipated expenditures by us and could materially and adversely affect us.

The seller of a property often sells the property in its “as is” condition on a “where is” basis and “with all faults,” without any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. In addition, purchase agreements may contain only limited warranties, representations and indemnifications that will survive for only a limited period after the closing. The acquisition of, or purchase of, properties with limited warranties increases the risk that we may lose some or all of our invested capital in the property, lose rental income from that property or may be subject to unknown liabilities with respect to such properties.

As of June 30, 2024, on a pro forma basis, we had approximately $  million of total debt outstanding (net of fees), consisting of our ABS Notes with a fixed interest rate of approximately 3.4% and an anticipated repayment date in December 2024. In addition, upon completion of this offering, our $250 million New Revolving Credit Facility

We use external financing to refinance indebtedness as it matures and to partially fund our acquisitions. Credit markets may experience significant price volatility, displacement, and liquidity disruptions, including the bankruptcy, insolvency, or restructuring of certain financial institutions. As a result, we may be unable to fully refinance maturing indebtedness with new indebtedness, which could materially and adversely affect us. Furthermore, if prevailing interest rates or other factors at the time of refinancing result in higher interest rates upon refinancing, then the interest expense relating to that refinanced indebtedness would increase. Currently, our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Credit Facility, which are expected to be repaid with the net proceeds of this offering, carry variable interest

In addition, we may enter into hedging arrangements in the future. Our hedging arrangements may include interest rate swaps, caps, floors and other interest rate hedging contracts. Our hedging arrangements could reduce, but may not eliminate, the impact of rising interest rates, and they could expose us to the risk that other parties to our hedging arrangements will not perform or that the agreements relating to our hedges may not be enforceable.

To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income each year (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gains) and we will be subject to corporate income tax on our undistributed taxable income to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income each year (computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction). In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. Payments of principal on our borrowings, which are not deductible for tax purposes, may leave us with insufficient cash resources to make the distributions to our stockholders necessary to maintain our REIT status and avoid the payment of income and excise taxes. Furthermore, foreclosures could create taxable income without accompanying cash proceeds, which also could hinder our ability to meet those REIT distribution requirements and avoid those entity-level taxes.

Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors that are beyond our control, including general economic conditions and policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies and, in particular, the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board has maintained the federal funds rate for eight consecutive meetings. As of August 9, 2024, the effective federal funds rate is over 5%, which is at the highest level since 2006. If the Federal Reserve Board continues to increase the federal funds rate, overall interest rates will likely continue to rise. Interest rate increases would increase our interest costs for any new debt and our variable rate debt obligations we have, which could, in turn, make the financing of any acquisition more expensive as well as lower our current period earnings. Rising interest rates could limit our ability to refinance existing debt when it matures or cause us to pay higher interest rates upon refinancing. In addition, an increase in interest rates could decrease the access third parties have to credit, thereby decreasing the amount they are willing to pay to lease our assets and consequently limiting our ability to reposition our portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions. Furthermore, the dividend yield on shares of our Common Stock, as a percentage of the price of such shares, will influence the price of our Common Stock. Thus, an increase in market interest rates may lead prospective purchasers of our shares to expect a higher dividend yield, which could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock.

In addition, decreases in interest rates may lead to additional competition for the acquisition of real estate due to a reduction in desirable alternative income-producing investments. Increased competition for the acquisition of real estate may lead to a decrease in the yields on real estate we have targeted for acquisition. In such circumstances, if we are not able to offset the decrease in yields by obtaining lower interest costs on our borrowings, our results of operations will be adversely affected.

The United States and global financial markets have experienced significant volatility and disruption in the past. Recent increases in interest rates have and may continue to adversely affect acquisition yields. During the mid-2000s, there was a widespread tightening in overall credit markets, devaluation of the assets underlying certain financial

We may incur mortgage debt on a particular property, especially if we believe the property’s projected cash flow is sufficient to service the mortgage debt. In addition, incurring mortgage debt may increase the risk of loss since defaults on indebtedness secured by a property may result in foreclosure actions initiated by lenders and our loss of the property securing the loan that is in default. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a foreclosure of any of our properties would be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we would recognize taxable income on foreclosure but would not receive any of the proceeds. We may give full or partial guarantees to lenders to the OP or its affiliates. If we give a guaranty on behalf of the OP, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by the OP. If any mortgages contain cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, there is a risk that more than one of our real properties may be affected by a default. If any of our properties are foreclosed upon due to a default, we could be materially and adversely affected.

To reduce our exposure to variable-rate debt, we enter into interest rate swap agreements to fix the rate of interest as a hedge against interest rate fluctuations on floating-rate debt. These arrangements involve risks and may not be effective in reducing our exposure to interest rate changes. In addition, the counterparties to any hedging arrangements we enter into may not honor their obligations. Failure to hedge effectively against changes in interest rates relating to the interest expense of our future floating-rate borrowings may materially and adversely affect us.

We are subject to various financial and operational covenants and financial reporting requirements pursuant to the agreements we have entered into governing our New Revolving Credit Facility, New Delayed Draw Term Loan and ABS Notes. These covenants require us to, among other things, maintain certain financial ratios, including leverage, fixed charge coverage, and debt service coverage, among others. As of June 30, 2024, we believe we were in compliance with all such covenants. Our continued compliance with these covenants depends on many factors and could be impacted by current or future economic conditions, and thus there are no assurances that we will continue to comply with these covenants. Failure to comply with these covenants would result in a default which, if we were unable to cure or obtain a waiver from the lenders, could accelerate our repayment obligations and thereby have a material and adverse impact on us.

Further, these covenants, as well as any additional covenants to which we may be subject in the future because of additional borrowings, could cause us to forego investment opportunities, reduce or eliminate distributions to our holders of our Common Stock, or obtain financing that is more expensive than financing we could obtain if we were not subject to the covenants. Additionally, these restrictions may adversely affect our operating and financial flexibility and may limit our ability to respond to changes in our business or competitive environment, all of which may materially and adversely affect us.

The spread we pay over applicable reference rates for our unsecured credit facilities is determined based upon our credit ratings. In December 2019, Standard & Poor’s assigned our ABS Notes an investment grade credit rating of “A”, which was upgraded to “AA” in December 2023. In December 2019, Kroll Bond Rating Agency assigned our ABS Notes an investment grade credit rating of “A”, which was re-affirmed most recently in July of 2020. These ratings are based on a number of factors, including an assessment of our financial strength, portfolio size and diversification, credit and operating metrics, and sustainability of cash flow and earnings. If we are unable to maintain the current credit ratings assigned to our ABS Notes it could adversely affect our cost of capital, liquidity, and access to capital markets. Factors that could negatively impact our credit ratings include, but are not limited to: a significant increase in our leverage on a sustained basis; a significant increase in the proportion of secured debt levels; a significant decline in our unencumbered asset base; and a significant decline in our portfolio diversification.

On July 27, 2017, the FCA which regulates LIBOR, announced its intention to stop compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after June 30, 2023. Upon completion of this offering, our $250 million New Revolving Credit Facility and $200 million New Delayed Draw Term Loan will become effective, which bear interest at floating rates based on SOFR plus an applicable margin. The Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York organized the Alternative Reference Rates Committee, which identified SOFR, a new index calculated by short-term repurchase agreements, backed by Treasury securities, as its preferred alternative rate for LIBOR. There can be no assurances as to whether such interest rates will be more or less favorable than LIBOR and any other unforeseen impacts of the discontinuation of LIBOR.

Our charter contains various provisions that are intended to facilitate our qualification as a REIT. For example, our charter restricts the direct or indirect ownership by one person or entity to no more than 9.8% of the value of our then outstanding shares of capital stock and no more than 9.8% of the value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our then outstanding shares of Common Stock unless exempted by our board of directors. This restriction may discourage a change of control of us and may deter individuals or entities from making tender offers for shares of our Common Stock on terms that might be financially attractive to stockholders or which may cause a change in our management. In addition to deterring potential change of control transactions that may be favorable to our stockholders, these provisions may also decrease our stockholders’ ability to sell their shares of our Common Stock. As a result, these charter provisions may negatively impact the market price of our Common Stock.

Our charter authorizes us to issue up to 500,000,000 shares of capital stock, including up to 450,000,000 shares of Common Stock and up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share (“preferred stock”), and our board of directors, without any action by our stockholders, may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares or the number of shares of any class or series of stock that we have authority to issue. Holders of shares of our Common Stock do not have preemptive rights to acquire any shares issued by us in the future.

In addition, our board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued shares of our Common Stock or preferred stock and establish the preferences, rights, and powers of any such stock. As a result, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of preferred stock or separate classes or series of common stock with terms and conditions that could have priority, with respect to distributions and amounts payable upon our liquidation, over the rights of our Common Stock. The issuance of shares of such preferred or separate classes or series of common stock could dilute the value of an investment in shares of our Common Stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock or a separate class or series of common stock could provide the holders thereof with specified dividend payments and

The employment agreements that we entered into with certain members of our senior management team provide that if their employment with us terminates under certain circumstances (including in connection with a change in control of our Company), we may be required to pay them significant amounts of severance compensation, thereby making it costly to terminate their employment.

In connection with the closing of this offering, we intend to complete the Internalization, through which we intend to acquire the affiliates of NARS that have performed external advisory and management services for our predecessor and the assets reasonably necessary to operate and manage our business. In connection with the Internalization, we intend to onboard certain employees of NARS or its affiliates, including our entire senior management team, assume certain contractual relationships, including the assumption of an office lease and certain operating liabilities, and terminate the contractual relationship with NARS and its affiliates. There is no guarantee that the Internalization will be successful or achieve the results in the timeframe we expect or at all.

In addition, as a self-managed REIT, we may encounter unforeseen costs, expenses, and difficulties associated with providing these services on a self-advised basis, which may materially and adversely affect us. While we would no longer bear the costs of the various fees and expenses we currently pay to affiliates of NARS under our management arrangement, our direct expenses would include general and administrative costs, including legal, accounting, employee compensation and benefits, and other expenses related to corporate governance, including SEC reporting and compliance.

In connection with the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition, we may have incurred unknown liabilities. The Interest Purchase Agreement provided that we are responsible for any liabilities associated with the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition. To the extent that we incurred any unknown liabilities in connection with the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition, it could materially and adversely affect us.

We have entered, or will enter, into the Internalization Agreement and the Contribution Agreements, which contain customary representations and warranties. The representations and warranties of our counterparties to the Contribution Agreements are not expected to survive the closing of the REIT Contribution Transactions and any alleged inaccuracies in or breaches of these representations and warranties, including those made to us, will not serve as the basis for any post-closing indemnification claims. The representations and warranties of our counterparties to the Internalization Agreement will survive until six months following the closing of the Internalization and any alleged inaccuracies in or breaches of these representations and warranties, including those made to us, will serve as the basis for any post-closing indemnification claims, which are subject to a cap and minimum amount to make such claims. There can be no assurance that we would be able to successfully recover any loss that we may suffer arising from a breach of a representation or warranty under the Internalization Agreement, and as a result, we may be materially adversely affected.

The methods of implementing our investment policies and strategy may vary as new real estate development trends emerge, new investment techniques are developed, and market conditions evolve. Our investment and financing policies are exclusively determined by our board of directors and the Real Estate Investment Committee, which is comprised of three members, including each of our co-Chief Executive Officers. Accordingly, our

Maryland law provides that a director of a Maryland corporation will not have any liability as a director if he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in our best interests and with the care that an ordinary prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. A director who performs his or her duties in accordance with the foregoing standards should not be liable to us or any other person for failure to discharge his or her obligations as a director. Our charter eliminates the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. Therefore, our directors and officers are subject to monetary liability resulting only from:

As a result, we and our stockholders have rights against our directors and officers that are more limited than might otherwise exist. Accordingly, in the event that actions taken by any of our directors or officers impede the performance of our Company, your and our ability to recover damages from such director or officer will be limited. Our charter also requires us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and our officers for actions taken by them in those and certain other capacities subject to any limitations under Maryland law or in our charter.

Moreover, we have entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. As a result, we and our stockholders may have more limited rights against these persons than might otherwise exist absent these provisions in our charter. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by these persons in some cases, which would reduce the cash available for distributions.

Our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, will be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any Internal Corporate Claim, as such term is defined in the MGCL, or any successor provision thereof, and any action or proceeding asserting any Internal Corporate Claim, including without limitation: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf (ii) any claim, or any action or proceeding asserting a claim, based on an alleged breach of any duty owed by any director or officer or other employee of ours to us or to our stockholders; or (iii) any claim, or any action or proceeding asserting a claim, against us or any director or officer or other employee of ours arising under or pursuant to any provision of the MGCL, our charter or our bylaws; or (b) any action or proceeding asserting a claim against us or any director or officer or other employee of ours that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. These exclusive forum provisions will not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Furthermore, our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for any action or proceeding asserting claims arising under the Securities Act, including all causes of action asserted against any defendant to such action or proceeding. The exclusive forum provision could limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which could discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the exclusive forum provision contained in our bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we could incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions.

We are a holding company and conduct substantially all of our operations through the OP. We do not have, apart from an indirect interest in the OP, any independent operations. As a result, we rely on distributions from the OP to pay any distributions we might declare on shares of our Common Stock. We will also rely on distributions from the OP to meet any of our obligations, including any tax liability on taxable income allocated to us from the OP. In addition, because we are a holding company, your claims as stockholders are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities and obligations (whether or not for borrowed money) of the OP and its subsidiaries. Therefore, in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, or reorganization, our assets and those of the OP and its subsidiaries will be able to satisfy the claims of our stockholders only after all of our, the OP and its subsidiaries’ liabilities and obligations have been paid in full.

Conflicts of interest could arise in the future as a result of the relationships between us and our affiliates, on the one hand, and the OP or any future member thereof, on the other. Our directors and officers have duties to our Company under applicable Maryland law in connection with the management of our Company. At the same time, we, as the general partner of the OP, will have fiduciary duties and obligations to the OP and its limited partners under Delaware law and the OP Agreement in connection with the management of the OP. Our fiduciary duties and obligations, as the general partner of the OP and its limited partners may come into conflict with the duties of our directors and officers to our Company.

While we intend to avoid situations involving conflicts of interest, there may be situations in which the interests of the OP may conflict with our interests. Our activities specifically authorized by or described in the OP Agreement may be performed by us, directly or indirectly, and will not, in any case or in the aggregate, be deemed a breach of the OP Agreement or any duty owed by us to the OP or any of their respective limited partners. In exercising our authority under the OP Agreement, we may, but are under no obligation to, take into account the tax consequences of any action we take. We and the OP have no liability to a limited partner under any circumstances as a result of an income tax liability incurred by such limited partner as a result of an action (or inaction) by us pursuant to our authority under the OP Agreement.

The OP Agreement provides that the general partner will not be liable to the OP, its limited partners, or any other person bound by the OP Agreement for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred, or benefits not derived by the OP or any of its limited partners, except for liability for the general partner’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. Moreover, the OP Agreement provide that the OP, as applicable, is required to indemnify us, the direct or indirect general partner, our affiliates, and certain related persons, and any of our officers, stockholders, directors, employees, representatives, or agents from and against any and all claims that relate to the operations of the OP, except if (i) the act was committed in bad faith, (ii) the act was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action involved, or (iii) it personally gained in fact a financial income or other advantage to which it was not entitled under law.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. We will remain an “emerging growth company” until the earliest to occur of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenue of $1.235 billion or more (subject to adjustment for inflation), (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the first sale of our Common Stock pursuant to an effective registration statement, (iii) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt, or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer.” We intend to take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to most other public companies, whether or not they are classified as “emerging growth companies,” including, but not limited to, an exemption from the provisions of Section 404(b) of Sarbanes-Oxley requiring that our independent registered public accounting firm provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. An attestation report by our auditor would require additional procedures by them that could detect problems with our internal control over financial reporting that are not detected by management. If our system of internal control over financial reporting is

Neither we, the OP, nor any of our subsidiaries intend to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that would impose significant and onerous limitations on our operations, as well as require us to comply with various reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure, and other rules and regulations that would significantly alter our operations and significantly increase our operating expenses.

We believe that we, the OP, and the subsidiaries of the OP do not and will not fall within the definition of “investment company” under Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act as we intend to invest primarily in real property through our wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries. Accordingly, we believe that we and the OP are and will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company business of such subsidiaries and therefore will not fall within the aforementioned definition of “investment company.”

To ensure that neither we nor any of our subsidiaries, including the OP, are required to register as an investment company, each entity may be unable to sell assets that it would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets that it would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we, the OP, or our subsidiaries may be required to acquire additional income- or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise acquire or forego opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire. Although we, the OP, and our subsidiaries intend to monitor our portfolio periodically and prior to each acquisition and disposition, any of these entities may not be able to remain outside the definition of investment company or maintain an exclusion from the definition of investment company. If we, the OP, or our subsidiaries are required to register as an investment company but fail to do so, the unregistered entity would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against such entity. In addition, the contracts of such entity would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of the entity and liquidate its business.

We intend to elect to qualify be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code and the applicable U.S. Treasury regulations, commencing with our short taxable year ending December 31, 2024. We believe that as of such date we will have been organized and will have operated in a manner to qualify for taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We intend to continue to operate as a REIT in the future but we cannot provide an assurance that we have been or will be able to do so. If we lose our REIT status, we will face significant tax consequences that would substantially reduce our cash available for distribution to our stockholders for each of the years involved because:

Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce our cash available for, among other things, our operations and distributions to stockholders. If this occurs, we may need to borrow funds or liquidate some of our properties in order to pay any applicable taxes. However, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will not be required to make distributions to our stockholders. As a result of all these factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT also could impair our ability to execute our growth strategy and raise capital, and could materially and adversely affect the trading price of our Common Stock.

Qualification as a REIT involves the application of technical and complex Code provisions for which there are only limited judicial and administrative interpretations. The determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control may affect our ability to qualify as a REIT. In order to qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy a number of REIT Requirements, including requirements regarding the ownership of our stock, requirements regarding the composition of our assets and a requirement that at least 75% or 95% of our gross income in any year must be derived from qualifying sources, such as “rents from real property.” Also, we must make distributions to stockholders aggregating annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gains. In addition, legislation, new regulations, administrative interpretations, or court decisions may materially and adversely affect our investors, our ability to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or the desirability of an investment in a REIT relative to other investments.

The OP will own all of the common units of the Subsidiary REITs upon completion of this offering. One Subsidiary REIT elected to be taxed as a REIT, beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016. The other Subsidiary REIT elected to be taxed as a REIT, beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2021. If either of the Subsidiary REITs failed to qualify as a REIT, or fails to continue to qualify as a REIT in the future, that Subsidiary REIT would face the same tax consequences described above. In addition, the failure of either of the Subsidiary REITs to qualify as a REIT may prevent us from qualifying as a REIT.

Even if we qualify and remain qualified as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to some U.S. federal, state, and local income, property, and excise taxes on our income or property. For example:

Similarly, even if the Subsidiary REITs remain qualified as REITs for U.S. federal income tax purposes, they may be subject to the same U.S. federal, state and local income, property, and excise taxes on their income or property. In addition, the earnings of our TRSs will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax, and state and local income tax in the jurisdictions in which they operate.

We believe that the OP will be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, the OP would generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its income. Instead, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, if the OP is treated as a partnership, each of its partners, including us, would be allocated, and may be required to pay tax with respect to, such partner’s share of its income. The OP may be required to determine and pay an imputed underpayment of tax (plus interest and penalties) resulting from an adjustment of the OP’s items of income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit at the partnership level. We cannot assure you that the IRS will not challenge the status of the OP or any other subsidiary partnership in which we own an interest as a disregarded entity or partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in treating the OP or any such other subsidiary partnership as an entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we would fail to meet the gross income tests and certain of the asset tests applicable to REITs and, accordingly, we would cease to qualify as a REIT. Also, the failure of the OP or any subsidiary partnerships to qualify as a disregarded entity or partnership could cause it to become subject to U.S. federal and state corporate income tax, which would reduce significantly the amount of cash available for debt service and for distribution to its partners, including us.

To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income each year, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gains, and we will be subject to corporate income tax on our undistributed taxable income to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income each year, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. In order to satisfy these distribution requirements to maintain our REIT status and avoid the payment of income and excise taxes, we may need to take certain actions to raise funds if we have insufficient cash flow, such as borrowing funds, raising additional equity capital, selling a portion of our assets or finding another alternative to make distributions to our stockholders. We may be forced to take those actions even if the then-prevailing market conditions are not favorable for those actions. This situation could arise from, among other things, differences in timing between the actual receipt of cash and recognition of income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or the effect of non-deductible capital expenditures or other non-deductible expenses, the creation of reserves, or required debt or amortization payments. Such actions could increase our costs and reduce the value of our Common Stock. These sources, however, may not be available on favorable terms or at all. Our access to third-party sources of capital depends on a number of factors, including the market’s perception of our growth potential, our current debt levels, the market price of our Common Stock, and our current and potential future earnings. We cannot assure you that we will have access to such capital on favorable terms at the desired times, or at all, which may cause us to curtail our investment activities and/or to dispose of assets at inopportune times, and could materially and adversely affect us and the trading price of our Common Stock.

Overall, no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. The Code also imposes a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. It is our policy to evaluate material intercompany transactions and to attempt to set the terms of such transactions so as to achieve substantially the same result as they believe would have been the case if they were unrelated parties. As a result, we believe that all material transactions between and among us and the entities in which we own a direct or indirect interest have been and will be negotiated and structured as arm’s-length transactions and that the potential application of the 100% excise tax will not have a material effect on us. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to comply with the TRS limitation or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax.

We have purchased properties and leased them back to the sellers of such properties, and may do so in the future. The IRS may take the position that certain of these sale-leaseback transactions that we treat as leases are not “true leases” but are, instead, financing arrangements or loans for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

If a sale-leaseback transaction were so re-characterized, the Subsidiary REITs and we might fail to satisfy the REIT asset tests, the income tests, or distribution requirements and consequently the Subsidiary REITs and we could lose REIT status effective with the year of re-characterization unless the Subsidiary REITs and we elect to make additional distributions to maintain REIT status. The primary risk relates to the disallowance of deductions for depreciation and cost recovery relating to such property, which could affect the calculation of REIT taxable income and could cause the Subsidiary REITs and us to fail the REIT distribution requirement that requires a REIT to distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and any net capital gain. In this circumstance, the Subsidiary REITs and we may elect to distribute additional dividends of the increased taxable income so as not to fail the REIT distribution test. This distribution would be paid to all stockholders at the time of declaration rather than the stockholders that held our shares in the taxable year affected by the re-characterization.

The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate applicable to income from “qualified dividends” payable to U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts, and estates is 20%. Ordinary dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the 20% rate applicable to “qualified dividends” except to the extent the REIT dividends are attributable to “qualified dividends” received by the REIT itself or generally attributable to income upon which we (or a predecessor) have paid U.S. federal corporate income tax. However, for non-corporate U.S. stockholders, ordinary dividends payable by REITs that are not designated as capital gain dividends or treated as “qualified dividends” generally are eligible for a deduction of 20% of the amount of such ordinary REIT dividends, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026. The deduction, if allowed in full, equates to a maximum effective U.S. federal income tax rate on ordinary REIT dividends of 29.6%, based on currently applicable rates. More favorable rates will nevertheless continue to apply for regular corporate “qualified dividends.” Although these rules do not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends payable by REITs, to the extent that the 20% rate continues to apply to regular corporate qualified dividends, investors who are individuals, trusts and estates may regard investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations.

A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% penalty tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Although we do not intend to hold any properties that would be characterized as held for sale to customers

The REIT provisions of the Code substantially limit our ability to hedge our assets and liabilities. Any income from a hedging transaction that we enter into to manage the risk of interest rate changes with respect to borrowings made or to be made to acquire or carry real estate assets, or from certain terminations of such hedging positions, does not constitute “gross income” for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests that apply to REITs, provided that certain identification requirements are met. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions or fail to properly identify such transaction as a hedge, the income is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.” As a result of these rules, we may be required to limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement those hedges through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our hedging activities because any TRS in which we own an interest may be subject to tax on its income or gains or expose us to greater risks associated with changes in interest rates than we would otherwise want to bear. In addition, losses in any TRS in which we own an interest will generally not provide any tax benefit, except that such losses may only be carried forward and may only be deducted against 80% of future taxable income in such TRS.

To qualify as REITs, the Subsidiary REITs and we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the nature and diversification of its assets, the sources of its income, and the amounts it distributes to its stockholders. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.” In connection with the Internalization, we will be treated as having acquired substantial amounts of goodwill that may not qualify for the 75% asset test. Compliance with these limitations, particularly given the goodwill that we acquire in the Internalization, may hinder our ability to make, and, in certain cases, maintain ownership of certain attractive investments that might not qualify for the 75% asset test. If the Subsidiary REITs and we fail to comply with the REIT asset test requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, it must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing its REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate or forgo otherwise attractive investments in order to satisfy the asset and income tests or to qualify under certain statutory relief provisions. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income, increasing our income tax liability, and reducing amounts available for distribution to our stockholders. In addition, we may be required to make distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution, and may be unable to pursue investments (or, in some cases, forego the sale of such investments) that would be otherwise advantageous to the Subsidiary REITs and us in order to satisfy the REIT Requirements. Accordingly, satisfying the REIT Requirements could materially and adversely affect us. Moreover, if we are compelled to liquidate our investments to meet any of these asset, income, or distribution tests, or to repay obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with one or more of the requirements applicable to REITs or may be subject to a 100% tax on any resulting gain if such sales constitute prohibited transactions.

There may be changes in U.S. federal tax laws, regulations, rules, and judicial and administrative interpretations applicable to us, our subsidiaries and their businesses, the effect of which cannot be predicted. In particular, United States President Joseph R. Biden has made several tax proposals which would adversely impact real estate, including a proposal to severely limit the deferral of gain from like-kind exchanges under Section 1031 of the Code. Changes to Section 1031 of the Code could adversely impact the Company if it desires to dispose of its properties in a tax-efficient manner. Changes to Section 1031 of the Code also could adversely impact the market for individual tenant outparcel properties more generally. Our stockholders and prospective investors are urged to consult with their own tax advisors with respect to the status of legislative, regulatory, or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in shares of our Common Stock.

The market price of shares of our Common Stock may fluctuate. In addition, the trading volume in shares of our Common Stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. Historically, these changes frequently appear to occur without regard to the operating performance of the affected companies. Hence, the price of our Common Stock could fluctuate based upon factors that have little or nothing to do with us in particular. If the market price of shares of our Common Stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares of our Common Stock at or above the public offering price. We cannot assure you that the market price of shares of our Common Stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly, including a decline below the public offering price, in the future.

Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the market price or trading volume of shares of our Common Stock include:

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the price of their common stock. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows, our ability to execute our business strategy, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholder.

We intend to make cash distributions to our stockholders in amounts such that all or substantially all of our taxable income in each year, subject to adjustments, is distributed. However, we may not be able to continue to generate sufficient cash flow from our properties to permit us to make the distributions we expect. Our ability to continue to make distributions in the future may be adversely affected by the risk factors described in this prospectus. We can provide no assurance that we will be able to make or maintain distributions and certain agreements relating to our indebtedness may, under certain circumstances, limit or eliminate our ability to make distributions to holders of our Common Stock. For instance, our credit agreement contains provisions that restrict us from paying distributions if an event of default exists, other than distributions required to maintain our REIT status. We can give no assurance that rents from our properties will increase, or that future acquisitions of real properties or other investments will increase our cash available for distributions to stockholders. In addition, any distributions will be authorized at the sole discretion of our board of directors, and the form, timing, and amount, if any, will depend upon a number of factors, including our actual and projected results of operations, FFO, AFFO, liquidity, cash flows and financial condition, the revenue we actually receive from our properties, our operating expenses, our debt service requirements, our capital expenditures, prohibitions and other limitations under our financing arrangements, our REIT taxable income, the annual REIT distribution requirements, applicable law, and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant.

Distributions are expected to be based upon our FFO, AFFO, financial condition, cash flows and liquidity, debt service requirements, and capital expenditure requirements for our properties. If we do not have sufficient cash available for distributions, we may need to fund the shortage out of working capital or borrow to provide funds for such distributions, which would reduce the amount of proceeds available for real estate investments and increase our future interest costs. Our inability to make distributions, or to make distributions at expected levels, could result in a decrease in trading price of our Common Stock.

As of June 30, 2024, our predecessor had a consolidated net tangible book value of approximately $  million, or $  per share of our Common Stock held by contributing investors, assuming the exchange of OP Units into shares of our Common Stock on a one-for-one basis. As a result, the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our Common Stock after the completion of the REIT Contribution Transactions, the Internalization and this offering will be less than the initial public offering price. The purchasers of shares of our Common Stock offered hereby will experience immediate and substantial dilution of $  per share in the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our Common Stock, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $  per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. See “Dilution.”

The decision to declare and pay dividends on our Common Stock, as well as the form, timing, and amount of any such future dividends, will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual prohibitions or other limitations under our indebtedness, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code, state law, and such other factors as our board of directors considers relevant. Any change in our dividend policy could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock.

One of the factors that will influence the price of shares of our Common Stock will be the distribution yield on shares of our Common Stock (as a percentage of the price of shares of our Common Stock) relative to market interest rates. An increase in market interest rates, which are currently at low levels relative to historical rates, may lead prospective purchasers of shares of our Common Stock to expect a higher distribution yield and higher interest rates would likely increase our borrowing costs and potentially decrease funds available for distribution. Thus, higher market interest rates could cause the per share trading price of our Common Stock to decrease.

On a pro forma basis, we expect that this offering will have a dilutive effect on our expected earnings per share and FFO per share. The actual amount of dilution cannot be determined at this time and will be based upon numerous factors. The market price of shares of our Common Stock could decline as a result of issuances or sales of a large

In the future, we may attempt to increase our capital resources by making additional offerings of debt or preferred equity securities (or causing the OP to issue debt securities). Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and preferred stock and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive distributions of our available assets prior to our stockholders. Additionally, any convertible or exchangeable securities that we issue in the future may have rights, preferences, and privileges more favorable than those of our Common Stock and may result in dilution to owners of our Common Stock. Our stockholders are not entitled to preemptive rights or other protections against dilution. Our preferred stock, if issued, could have a preference on liquidating distributions or a preference on distribution payments that could limit our right to make distributions to our stockholders. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing, or nature of our future offerings. Our stockholders bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the per share trading price of our Common Stock.

Upon the completion of this offering, we expect to have outstanding a total of     shares of our Common Stock, or     shares if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares. Prior to this offering, our Common Stock was not listed on any national securities exchange and the ability of stockholders to liquidate their investments was limited. As a result, there may be increased demand to sell shares of our Common Stock when shares of our Common Stock owned by the contributing investors are listed on the NYSE and freely tradable. A large volume of sales of shares (or short sales) of our Common Stock (whether they are shares of Common Stock that are issued in the offering, shares of Common Stock that are held by contributing investors upon the closing of the REIT Contribution Transactions, or shares of Common Stock issued upon redemption of OP Units) could decrease the prevailing market price of our Common Stock and could impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities in the future. Even if a substantial number of sales of our Common Stock are not affected, the mere perception of the possibility of these sales could depress the market price of our Common Stock and have a negative effect on our ability to raise capital in the future.

The shares of our Common Stock that we are selling in this offering may be resold immediately in the public market unless they are held by “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 of the Securities Act. The Common Stock and OP Units issued as consideration in connection with the Internalization are “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act and may not be sold in the absence of registration under the Securities Act unless an exemption from registration is available, including the exemptions contained in Rule 144. Certain of our existing stockholders (as well as our directors and officers) have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of their shares of Common Stock or OP Units from the date of this prospectus continuing through   days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the representatives of the underwriters. Sales of a substantial number of such shares upon expiration of the lock-up agreements, the perception that such sales may occur, or early release of these agreements, could cause the market price of our Common Stock to fall or make it more difficult for you to sell your shares of our Common Stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate.

Our charter provides that we may issue up to 450,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. Moreover, under Maryland law and as provided in our charter, a majority of our entire board of directors has the power to amend our charter to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we are authorized to issue without stockholder approval. Future issuances of shares of our Common Stock, securities convertible or exchangeable into

The exchange of OP Units for Common Stock, including OP Units granted to certain directors, executive officers and other employees, or the issuance of our Common Stock or OP Units in connection with future property, portfolio or business acquisitions, or the perception that such exchanges might occur, could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. In addition, the existence of shares of our Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan may adversely affect the terms upon which we may be able to obtain additional capital through the sale of equity securities. Future issuances of shares of our Common Stock may also be dilutive to existing stockholders. Any of these events may materially and adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock.

We cannot assure you that research analysts, including those associated with the underwriters of this offering, will initiate or maintain research coverage of us or our Common Stock. In addition, regulatory rules prohibit research analysts associated with the co-managers of this offering from publishing or otherwise distributing a research report or from making a public appearance regarding us for 15 days prior to and after the expiration, waiver, or termination of any lock-up agreement that we or certain of our stockholders have entered into with the underwriters of this offering. Accordingly, it could be the case that research concerning our results of operations or the possible effects on us of significant news or a significant event will not be published or will be published on a delayed basis. A lack of research or the inability of certain research analysts to publish research relating to our results of operations or significant news or a significant event in a timely manner could materially and adversely affect the trading price and liquidity of our Common Stock.

At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to   % of the shares of our Common Stock to be offered by this prospectus for sale, at the initial public offering price, to our directors, officers, employees, friends, family, and business associates. Purchasers of these shares that have entered into a lockup agreement with the underwriters in connection with this offering will be required to agree that they will not, subject to certain exceptions, dispose of or hedge any of such shares of Common Stock held by them for at least  days after the date of this prospectus. As a result of the lockup restriction, these purchasers may face risks not faced by other investors that have the right to sell their shares at any time following the offering. These risks include the market risk of holding our shares during the period that such restrictions are in effect. In addition, the price of our Common Stock may decrease following the expiration of the lockup period if there is an increase in the number of shares for sale in the market.

Our management currently intends to use the net proceeds from this offering in the manner described in “Use of Proceeds,” and will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering. We may invest or spend the proceeds of offerings in ways with which you may not agree or in ways which may not enhance the value of our Common Stock.

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views regarding our business, financial performance, growth prospects and strategies, market opportunities, and market trends. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “projects,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words. All of the forward-looking statements included in this prospectus are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions, and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results, performance, and achievements could differ materially from those expressed in or by the forward-looking statements and may be affected by a variety of risks and other factors. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, those factors described in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 22 of this prospectus. The “Risk Factors” section should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with other cautionary statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements included in this prospectus. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this prospectus and the risk that actual results, performance, and achievements will differ materially from the expectations expressed in or referenced by this prospectus will increase with the passage of time. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this prospectus, the inclusion of such forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us, the underwriters, or any other person that the objectives and strategies set forth in this prospectus will be achieved.

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $  million, or $  million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of our Common Stock from us, in each case, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other estimated expenses. The amount of net proceeds in each case is based on the initial public offering price of $  per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. Total estimated expenses associated with structuring, public company readiness and this offering are approximately $  million, of which approximately $  million were previously paid by our predecessor, and approximately $  million will be paid using proceeds from this offering.

We will contribute the net proceeds from this offering to the OP in exchange for a number of OP Units that is equal to the number of shares of Common Stock we issue.

The OP expects to use any remaining net proceeds (including any net proceeds from the exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) for general business and working capital purposes, including potential future acquisitions. No acquisitions are probable as of the date of this prospectus.

Certain of the underwriters and/or their respective affiliates are acting as agents, arrangers, and/or lenders under or may hold positions in the indebtedness to be repaid and accordingly will receive a portion of the proceeds from this offering. See “Underwriting—Other Relationships.”

Pending the permanent use of the net proceeds from this offering, we intend to invest the net proceeds in interest-bearing accounts, short-term investment-grade securities, money-market accounts, or other investments that are consistent with our intention to qualify for taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $  per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $  million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us, but before deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase (decrease) of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares sold by us in this offering, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $  million, assuming an initial public offering price of $  per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us, but before deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us. The information discussed above is illustrative only and will adjust based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

Following completion of this offering, we intend to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our Common Stock.

We intend to make a pro rata distribution with respect to the period commencing after the completion of this offering and ending on December 31, 2024, assuming a distribution of $   per share for a full quarter. On an annualized basis, this would be $   per share, or an annual distribution rate of approximately   %, based on an initial public offering price of $   per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. We estimate that this initial annual distribution rate will represent approximately   % of our estimated cash available for distribution to stockholders for the 12 months ending June 30, 2025. Our intended initial annual distribution rate has been established based on our estimate of cash available for distribution for the 12 months ending June 30, 2025, which we have calculated based on adjustments to our pro forma net income for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the six months ended June 30, 2024. This estimate was based on our pro forma operating results and does not take into account our long-term business and growth strategies, nor does it take into account any unanticipated expenditures we may have to make or any financings for such expenditures. In estimating our cash available for distribution for the 12 months ending June 30, 2025, we have made certain assumptions as reflected in the table and footnotes below.

Our estimate of cash available for distribution does not include the effect of any changes in our working capital resulting from changes in our working capital accounts. It also does not reflect the amount of cash estimated to be used for investing activities, financing activities, or other activities. Any such investing and/or financing activities may have a material and adverse effect on our estimate of cash available for distribution. Because we have made the assumptions described herein in estimating cash available for distribution, we do not intend this estimate to be a projection or forecast of our actual results of operations, FFO, AFFO, liquidity, or financial condition, and we have estimated cash available for distribution for the sole purpose of determining our estimated initial annual distribution amount. Our estimate of cash available for distribution should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities (computed in accordance with GAAP) or as an indicator of our liquidity. In addition, the methodology upon which we made the adjustments described herein is not necessarily intended to be a basis for determining future distributions.

We intend to maintain our initial distribution rate for the 12-month period following the completion of this offering unless our results of operations, FFO, AFFO, liquidity, cash flows, financial condition, prospects, economic conditions, or other factors differ materially and adversely from the assumptions used in projecting our initial distribution rate. We believe that our estimate of cash available for distribution constitutes a reasonable basis for setting the initial distribution rate. However, we cannot assure you that our estimate will prove accurate, and actual distributions may therefore be significantly below the expected distributions. Our actual results of operations will be affected by a number of factors, including the revenue received from our properties, our operating expenses, interest expense, and unanticipated capital expenditures. We may, from time to time, be required, or elect, to incur indebtedness to pay distributions.

We cannot assure you that our estimated distributions will be made or sustained or that our board of directors will not change our distribution policy in the future. Any distributions will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors, and their form, timing, and amount, if any, will depend upon a number of factors, including our actual results of operations, FFO, AFFO, liquidity, cash flows and financial condition, the revenue we actually receive from our properties, our operating expenses, our debt service requirements, our capital expenditures, prohibitions and limitations contained in our New Revolving Credit Facility and New Delayed Draw Term Loan that restrict us from paying distributions upon the occurrence of a default or event of default, our REIT taxable income, the annual REIT distribution requirements, applicable law, including restrictions on distributions under the MGCL, and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. If in the future a default or event of default occurs, our New Revolving Credit Facility and New Delayed Draw Term Loan may limit our ability to make distributions to include only distributions made pursuant to stock option or other benefit plans and distributions to our stockholders and OP unitholders that are required to maintain our REIT status and to avoid payment of federal or state income or excise tax. In addition, if certain payment and/or bankruptcy defaults occur, or if our loans have been accelerated due to any other event of default, then we will not be permitted to make any distributions. For more information regarding risk factors that could materially and adversely affect us and our ability to make cash distributions, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Common Stock—We may not be able to make distributions to our stockholders at the times or in the amounts we expect, or at all.” If our operations do not generate sufficient cash flow to enable us to pay our intended or required distributions, we may be required either to fund

U.S. federal income tax law requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains, and that it pay tax at the corporate rate to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and including any net capital gains. In addition, a REIT will be required to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which the distributions it makes in a calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of its ordinary income, 95% of its capital gain net income, and 100% of its undistributed income from prior years. For more information, see “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.” We anticipate that our estimated cash available for distribution will be sufficient to enable us to meet the annual distribution requirements applicable to REITs and to avoid or minimize the imposition of corporate and excise taxes. However, under some circumstances, we may be required to make distributions in excess of cash available for distribution in order to meet these distribution requirements or to avoid or minimize the imposition of tax and we may need to borrow funds to make certain distributions.

The following table sets forth calculations relating to the estimated initial distribution based on our pro forma net income for the 12 months ended June 30, 2024 and is provided solely for the purpose of illustrating the estimated initial distribution and is not intended to be a basis for future distributions.

This table should be read in conjunction with “Use of Proceeds,” “Selected Consolidated Historical and Pro Forma Financial and Other Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the audited historical consolidated financial statements and unaudited historical condensed consolidated financial statements of our predecessor, and our unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements and, in each case, the related notes thereto, included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The pro forma information below is illustrative only and our capitalization following the completion of this offering will be adjusted based on the actual initial offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

Purchasers of our Common Stock offered by this prospectus will experience an immediate and substantial dilution of the net tangible book value of our Common Stock from the initial public offering price. As of June 30, 2024, our predecessor had a net tangible book value of approximately $   million, or $   per share. After giving effect to the REIT Contribution Transactions, the Internalization, this offering, and the deduction of underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering and other expenses, the pro forma net tangible book value of our Company as of June 30, 2024 would have been approximately $   million, or $   per share of our Common Stock and OP Units to be outstanding upon completion of this offering (based on the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). This amount represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $   per share to contributing investors and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of $   per share from the initial public offering price of $   per share of our Common Stock to new public investors.

The table below summarizes (i) the difference between the number of shares of Common Stock and OP Units to be received by our contributing investors and the number of shares of Common Stock to be received by new investors in this offering, and (ii) the difference between our pro forma net tangible book value as of June 30, 2024 after giving effect to the REIT Contribution Transactions and the Internalization, but prior to this offering and the total consideration paid in cash by new investors in this offering.

Set forth below is selected financial and other data presented on (i) a historical basis for our predecessor and its consolidated subsidiaries and (ii) a pro forma basis for our company after giving effect to the completion of this offering, the REIT Contribution Transactions, the Internalization and the other adjustments described in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have not presented historical data for FrontView REIT, Inc. because we have not had any corporate activity since our formation other than the issuance of shares of Common Stock in connection with our initial capitalization and activity in connection with this offering. Accordingly, we do not believe that a presentation of the historical results of FrontView REIT, Inc. would be meaningful. Upon completion of the REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization, substantially all of our assets will be held by, and substantially all of our operations will be conducted through, the OP. We will contribute the net proceeds received by us from this to the OP in exchange for OP Units. For more information, please see “REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization.”

Our predecessor’s historical consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 have been derived from our predecessor’s audited historical consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The financial information below also includes our predecessor’s historical unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2024 and unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, which have been derived from our predecessor’s historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this prospectus. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. We believe all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been included in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements (which include only normal recurring adjustments). The historical consolidated financial data included below and set forth elsewhere in this prospectus are not necessarily indicative of our future performance.

Our unaudited selected pro forma consolidated operating and balance sheet data as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and for the year ended December 31, 2023, is presented (i) with respect to statements of operations data, giving effect to the REIT Contribution Transactions, the Internalization, and the completion of this offering and the use of proceeds described herein (based on the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), assuming each of the transactions was completed on January 1, 2023, and (ii) with respect to balance sheet data, giving effect to the REIT Contribution Transactions, the Internalization, and the completion of this offering and the use of proceeds described herein (based on the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), assuming each of the transactions was completed on June 30, 2024, in each case, giving effect to the other adjustments described in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The preparation of the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions deemed appropriate. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements are not intended to represent, or be indicative of what our actual financial position and results of operations would have been as of the date and for the period indicated, nor does it purport to represent our future financial position or results of operations.

We are an internally-managed net-lease REIT that is experienced in acquiring, owning and managing outparcel properties that are net leased to a diversified group of tenants. We are a growing net-lease REIT and own a well-diversified portfolio of 278 outparcel properties across 31 U.S. states as of June 30, 2024. Our tenants include service-oriented businesses, such as restaurants, cellular stores, financial institutions, automotive stores and dealers, medical and dental providers, pharmacies, convenience and gas stores, car washes, home improvement stores, grocery stores, professional services as well as general retail tenants.

We currently derive a majority of our revenue from rents received from individual tenants of each of our outparcel properties in our portfolio. Our properties are typically leased under long-term net leases. As of June 30, 2024, the ABR weighted average remaining term of our leases was approximately 7.0 years, excluding renewal options. Approximately 97.0% of our leases (based on ABR) had contractual rent escalations, with an ABR weighted average annual minimum increase of 1.7%. As of June 30, 2024, we had 292 tenants that represented 137 different brands. Our top 10 tenant brands (based on ABR) represented approximately 23.3% of our portfolio ABR as of June 30, 2024.

In connection with this offering, we are undertaking the Internalization pursuant to which we will begin directly employing 15 employees and we will enter into employment agreements with each of our named executive officers. In addition, the Internalization will eliminate the management and other fees and carried interest provisions that were previously paid by our predecessor. The historical results of operations for our predecessor through June 30, 2024, include the payment of management fees that we will no longer pay following the Internalization and do not include the direct compensation expense associated with our aforementioned approximately 15 employees, or other asset management, acquisition or general and administrative expenses not previously incurred based upon our externally managed structure. See “Selected Consolidated Historical and Pro Forma Financial and Other Data.”

As of June 30, 2024, on a pro forma basis, we had approximately $    million of total debt outstanding (net of fees), with a fixed interest rate of approximately 3.4% and an anticipated repayment date in December 2024, and approximately $   million of cash and cash equivalents. Upon completion of this offering, and after giving effect to the repayment of debt with the net proceeds of this offering, we will have a net debt-to-annualized adjusted EBITDAre ratio of approximately   x, based on our pro forma annualized adjusted EBITDAre for the six months ended June 30, 2024. In addition, upon completion of this offering, our $250 million New Revolving Credit Facility and $200 million New Delayed Draw Term Loan will become effective. As a private company, we historically have maintained higher leverage than we intend to maintain as a publicly-traded REIT following this offering. Following this offering, we are targeting a net debt-to-annualized adjusted EBITDAre ratio of   . We intend to repay approximately $   million of our existing debt with the net proceeds of this offering. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Our results of operations and financial condition are affected by numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. Key factors that impact our results of operations and financial condition include rental rates, lease renewals and occupancy, land values, acquisition volume, tenant growth, demand, expansion, construction costs, net-lease terms, market liquidity, financing arrangements and leverage, property dispositions, general and administrative expenses, inflation, interest rates, consumer confidence, the overall economic environment and the financial strength of our tenants.

Our ability to grow rental revenue from our existing portfolio will depend on our ability to realize the rental escalations built into our leases and execute lease renewals and lease extensions. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 96.6% of our leases (based on ABR) had contractual rent escalations, including, in some cases, pursuant to options terms, with an ABR weighted average annual minimum increase of approximately 1.7%. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 93.2% of our leases (based on ABR) contained fixed annual rent increases or periodic escalations over the term of the lease (e.g. a 10% increase every five years), approximately 3.4% of our leases (based on ABR) contained annual lease escalations based on increases in the CPI, and the remaining approximately 3.4% of our leases (based on ABR) did not contain rent escalation provisions. During periods of inflation, our fixed rent increases may not keep pace with the rate of inflation while the limited number of our leases that include CPI-based increases may fare better. Conversely, during periods where inflation is more limited, our leases with fixed rate increases may fare better than our leases with CPI-based increases.

From time to time, we may seek to sell any of our properties, in particular, where we believe the risk profile may have changed and become misaligned with our then current portfolio acquisition objectives. We also may selectively decide to sell properties that no longer meet one or more of our investment criteria or that may be sold opportunistically. The resulting gains or losses on any future dispositions may materially impact our operating results. The recognition of a gain or loss on the sale of real estate varies from transaction to transaction based on fluctuations in asset prices and demand in the real estate market at the time a property is listed for sale. To date, we have sold 11 properties.

As of June 30, 2024, the weighted average remaining term of our leases was approximately 7.0 years, excluding renewal options. As of June 30, 2024, four leases representing approximately 1.4% of our leases (based on ABR) will expire prior to December 31, 2024. See “Business and Properties—Our Leases—Lease Maturity.” The stability of the rental revenue generated by our outparcel properties depends principally on our tenants’ ability to pay rent and our ability to collect rent, our ability to renew expiring leases or re-lease space upon the expiration or other termination of leases, our ability to lease properties that become vacant and maintain or increase rental rates at our leased properties. To the extent our properties become vacant, we would forego rental income while remaining responsible for the payment of property taxes, insurance, maintenance and other related costs and maintaining the property until it is re-leased, which could negatively impact our operating results. As of June 30, 2024, we had three vacant properties. As of the date of this prospectus, one of those properties is under contract to sell.

Our historical growth in revenues and earnings has been achieved through rent escalations associated with existing in-place leases, coupled with rental income generated from property acquisitions. Our ability to grow revenue will depend, to a significant degree, on our ability to acquire additional properties. Our ability to grow requires us to identify and complete acquisitions that meet our investment criteria. Changes in capitalization rates, interest rates, inflation, market competition, economic changes, property inventory, and other factors may impact our acquisition opportunities in the future. Market conditions may also impact the total returns we can achieve on our investments. Our acquisition volume also depends on our ability to successfully access third-party debt and equity financing to fund our capital needs.

Substantially all of our leases are net leases pursuant to which our tenants generally are obligated to pay customary expenses associated with the leased property such as real estate taxes, insurance, maintenance and repairs, and in many cases capital costs. Some leases contain exceptions that require us to pay specified expenses such as the cost of roof, parking lot, heating, ventilation and air conditioning and structure and non-structural repairs and replacement costs, off-site improvements, lease covenants affecting off-site property, and remediation activities (unless necessitated by the tenant), as well as costs related to the operation of a property in excess of certain caps contained within the underlying lease. In certain instances, a landlord’s reimbursement obligation may include reimbursing the tenant for the unamortized costs of certain expenses incurred by tenant for the development of the premises. In some leases, this type of reimbursement obligation is triggered by the default of the landlord under the lease, but other leases require reimbursement of tenant due to circumstances outside of the landlord’s control. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we incurred approximately $0.6 million in aggregate of expenses that were not tenant obligations. To the extent that our properties experience an increase in roof and structure, capital or other repairs or costs for which we are contractually responsible under some leases, it could negatively impact our future operating results. In addition, an increase in the number of leases in which we are responsible for some or all of these expenses could negatively influence our future operating results.

Upon completion of this offering, we expect to have pro forma total debt outstanding of $    million (net of fees), consisting of our ABS Notes with a fixed interest rate of approximately 3.4%. The anticipated repayment date for the ABS Notes is in December 2024 even though the stated maturity date is in December 2049, because the remaining outstanding principal balance becomes due and payable and additional interest begins to accrue on the ABS Notes if not paid in full by December 2024. We anticipate that our interest expense will increase when we refinance our ABS Notes, whether we use the New Delayed Draw Term Loan or other sources of funding given the recent rising interest rate environment. We also expect to continue to incur debt in the future in order to fund future acquisitions, which we expect will increase the amount of interest expense we incur. In addition, although we plan to manage our total floating-rate debt exposure, changes in the interest rate environment could either increase or decrease our weighted average interest rate in the future or impact any refinancing initiatives, which could also result in principal reduction requirements and ultimate refinancing risks. Any changes to our debt structure, including borrowings under our New Revolving Credit Facility and New Delayed Draw Term Loan, or debt financing associated with property acquisitions, could materially influence our operating results.

Following completion of the Internalization, we will not pay property management and asset management fees that were previously paid by our predecessor, which historically increased as the size of our portfolio grew.

Following completion of the Internalization, our general and administrative expenses will include direct employee compensation costs for our approximately 15 employees. In addition, our general and administrative expenses will include certain professional fees, consulting, portfolio servicing costs, board costs, public company expenses, increased audit, tax and other costs, insurance costs, and other general and administrative expenses not previously incurred by our predecessor based upon its externally managed structure. For more information regarding our outsourcing agreement, see “REIT Contribution Transactions and Internalization—Internalization.”

Our rental revenues may be impacted by inflation. Approximately 93.2% of our leases (based on ABR) contain rent escalators that increase rent at a fixed amount and may not be sufficient during periods of inflation. Leases that contributed approximately 3.4% of our leases (based on ABR) as of June 30, 2024, contained rent escalators based on increases in CPI and the associated increases in rental revenue may be limited during periods of low inflation. The impact of inflation on our property and operating expenses is mitigated since substantially all of our leases are net leases, and property-level expenses are generally paid for or reimbursed to us by our tenants. Some leases contain exceptions that require us to pay specified expenses such as the cost of roof, parking lot, heating ventilation and air-conditioning and structure and non-structural repairs and replacement costs, off-site improvements, lease covenants affecting off-site property, and remediation activities (unless necessitated by the tenant), as well as costs related to the operation of a property in excess of certain caps contained within the underlying lease. To the extent we bear the cost of such expense, in certain cases,

Adverse economic conditions, in addition to general economic downturns, particularly those that affect the markets in which our properties are located, or downturns in our tenants’ industries could impair our tenants’ ability to meet their lease obligations to us and our ability to renew expiring leases or re-lease space. In particular, the bankruptcy or deterioration of operational performance of one or more of our tenants could adversely affect our ability to collect rents from such tenant and maintain our portfolio’s occupancy.

Our predecessor’s historical consolidated results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023 and for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, discussed below, include our predecessor’s payment of asset and property management fees that we will not pay following the Internalization, and also do not include the expected direct compensation expense associate with approximately 15 employees expected to be employed by us following the Internalization and the completion of this offering, or incremental general and administrative expenses.

The $3.1 million increase in depreciation and amortization for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was primarily due the consolidation of the 54 properties acquired as part of the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition and the growth of our real estate portfolio through new acquisitions in 2023.

The $1.1 million increase in property operating expenses was mainly due to the increase in number of properties in our portfolio. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, we incurred $3.7 million and $2.6 million of property operating expenses, respectively, and recorded $3.1 million and $2.5 million of additional rent and recovery income included in the contract rental amounts billed, respectively. Substantially all of our leases are net leases pursuant to which our tenants generally are obligated to pay customary expenses associated with the leased property such as real estate taxes, insurance, maintenance and repairs, and in many cases capital costs. Some leases contain exceptions that require us to pay specified expenses such as the cost of roof, parking lot, heating, ventilation and air conditioning and structure and non-structural repairs and replacement costs, off-site improvements, lease covenants affecting off-site property, and remediation activities (unless necessitated by the tenant), as well as costs related to the operation of a property in excess of certain caps or subject to certain exclusions contained within the underlying lease. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we incurred $0.6 million in aggregate of expenses that were not tenant obligations.

We paid an affiliate of our external manager a monthly property management fee ranging from 2.0% to 3.5% of gross receipts collected from the portfolio. The increase in the property management fees during the six months ended June 30, 2024 was primarily a result of the property management fees charged on the 54 properties acquired as part of the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition, which is presented on a consolidated basis as of October 2023.

We also paid an affiliate of our external manager a quarterly asset management fee equal to 1.0% of the aggregate equity invested in our predecessor, calculated based on the net asset value determined by our predecessor’s valuation committee.

Upon completion of the Internalization and this offering, the obligation to pay property and asset management fees will be eliminated.

The $1.7 million decrease in general and administrative expenses is primarily due to approximately $2.0 million in structuring and public company readiness costs and $0.5 million in Internalization expenses incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2023. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the audit and consulting fees increased by approximately $0.4 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Upon completion of the Internalization and this offering, our future general and administrative expenses will include, among other things, the direct employee compensation expense of 15 new employees.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we drew an additional $73.9 million from the Revolving Credit Facility, which bears interest at a rate of SOFR plus 2.36%, to fund new acquisitions of real estate properties. In addition, as part of the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition, we consolidated the 50/50 Joint Venture’s share of the ABS

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded an impairment loss of $0.6 million relating to an asset held for investment. We strategically identify non-performing real estate within our portfolio to re-lease and dispose of in an effort to manage risks and improve returns.

The income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 consists of the 50/50 Joint Venture’s operations from January 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023. On October 20, 2023, we closed the 50/50 Joint Venture Acquisition to acquire the remaining 50% interest in the 54 underlying properties, the results from October 21, 2023 and onwards are consolidated into the consolidated statement of operations.