Air Products and Chemicals (APD) 10-Q30 Apr 242024 Q2 Quarterly reportFinancial data

Company Profile

Cover

Cover	6 Months Ended
Cover	Mar. 31, 2024 shares
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-04534
Entity Registrant Name	AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	23-1274455
Entity Address, Address Line One	1940 Air Products Boulevard
Entity Address, City or Town	Allentown
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	18106-5500
City Area Code	610
Local Phone Number	481-4911
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	222,305,907
Entity Central Index Key	0000002969
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share
Trading Symbol	APD
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
1.000% Euro Notes due 2025
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	1.000% Euro Notes due 2025
Trading Symbol	APD25
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
0.500% Euro Notes due 2028
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	0.500% Euro Notes due 2028
Trading Symbol	APD28
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
0.800% Euro Notes due 2032
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	0.800% Euro Notes due 2032
Trading Symbol	APD32
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
4.000% Euro Notes due 2035
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	4.000% Euro Notes due 2035
Trading Symbol	APD35
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

Consolidated Income Statements

Consolidated Income Statements (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Sales	$ 2,930.2	$ 3,200.1	$ 5,927.6	$ 6,374.8
Cost of sales	1,991.5	2,282.8	4,058.7	4,555.1
Selling and administrative expense	240.6	251.2	479	485.6
Research and development expense	25.4	27.2	51.1	51.6
Business and asset actions	57	185.6	57	185.6
Other income (expense), net	21.5	6.5	22.3	14.9
Operating Income	637.2	459.8	1,304.1	1,111.8
Equity affiliates' income	143.3	165.9	301.7	275.9
Interest expense	59.9	40.9	113.4	82.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(9.2)	(13.9)	(24)	(14.5)
Income Before Taxes	711.4	570.9	1,468.4	1,291.1
Income tax provision	130.5	121	265.9	257.4
Net Income	580.9	449.9	1,202.5	1,033.7
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	8.5	10.1	20.8	21.7
Net Income Attributable to Air Products	$ 572.4	$ 439.8	$ 1,181.7	$ 1,012
Per Share Data
Basic earnings per share attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	$ 2.57	$ 1.98	$ 5.31	$ 4.55
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	$ 2.57	$ 1.97	$ 5.30	$ 4.54
Weighted Average Common Shares (in millions)
Basic (in shares)	222.5	222.3	222.5	222.3
Diluted (in shares)	222.7	222.7	222.8	222.7

Consolidated Comprehensive Inco

Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statements (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net Income	$ 580.9	$ 449.9	$ 1,202.5	$ 1,033.7
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, net of tax:
Translation adjustments, net of tax	(223.8)	51	156.8	560.6
Net gain (loss) on derivatives, net of tax	82.3	(14.6)	(78.8)	106.4
Pension and postretirements benefits, net of tax			0	6.7
Reclassification adjustments:
Currency translation adjustment	0	(0.3)	0	(0.3)
Derivatives, net of tax	34.8	5.8	(7.4)	(62.9)
Pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax	13.6	14.4	27.3	26.3
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total	(93.1)	56.3	97.9	636.8
Comprehensive Income	487.8	506.2	1,300.4	1,670.5
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	8.5	10.1	20.8	21.7
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests	62.5	1.3	(75.6)	14
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Air Products	$ 416.8	$ 494.8	$ 1,355.2	$ 1,634.8

Consolidated Comprehensive In_2

Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statements (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Tax effect on translation adjustments	$ 16.7	$ (10.6)	$ (13.1)	$ (48.6)
Tax effect on net gain (loss) on derivatives	0.2	(0.6)	5.7	37.6
Tax effect on pension and postretirement benefits			0	2.4
Tax effect on derivatives reclassification adjustments	10.6	1.9	(2.2)	(19.8)
Tax effect on pension and postretirement benefits reclassification adjustments	$ 4.5	$ 4.7	$ 8.7	$ 8.4

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Un

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions		Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Current Assets
Cash and cash items		$ 2,535	$ 1,617
Short-term investments		102.8	332.2
Trade receivables, net		1,715.8	1,700.4
Inventories		721.2	651.8
Prepaid expenses		263.3	177
Other receivables and current assets		719.2	722.1
Total Current Assets		6,057.3	5,200.5
Investment in net assets of and advances to equity affiliates		4,758.9	4,617.8
Plant and equipment, at cost		35,913.2	32,746.3
Less: accumulated depreciation		15,912.7	15,274.2
Plant and equipment, net		20,000.5	17,472.1
Goodwill, net		883.2	861.7
Intangible assets, net		318.4	334.6
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		998.8	974
Noncurrent lease receivables		458.6	494.7
Financing receivables		1,209.6	817.2
Other noncurrent assets		1,236.4	1,229.9
Total Noncurrent Assets		29,864.4	26,802
Total assets	[1]	35,921.7	32,002.5
Current Liabilities
Payables and accrued liabilities		2,783	2,890.1
Accrued income taxes		156.2	131.2
Short-term borrowings		184.3	259.5
Current portion of long-term debt		937.5	615
Total Current Liabilities		4,061	3,895.8
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		652.1	631.1
Other noncurrent liabilities		1,092.5	1,118
Deferred income taxes		1,281.3	1,266
Total Noncurrent Liabilities		15,525.8	12,446.4
Total Liabilities	[1]	19,586.8	16,342.2
Commitments and Contingencies - See Note 12
Air Products Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock (par value $1 per share; issued 2024 and 2023 - 249,455,584 shares)		249.4	249.4
Capital in excess of par value		1,215.7	1,190.5
Retained earnings		17,690	17,289.7
Accumulated other comprehensive income		(2,275.9)	(2,449.4)
Treasury stock, at cost (2024 - 27,149,677 shares; 2023 - 27,255,739 shares)		(1,965.8)	(1,967.3)
Total Air Products Shareholders’ Equity		14,913.4	14,312.9
Noncontrolling interests	[1]	1,421.5	1,347.4
Total Equity		16,334.9	15,660.3
Total Liabilities and Equity		35,921.7	32,002.5
Nonrelated Party
Current Liabilities
Long-term debt		12,344.6	9,280.6
Related Party
Current Assets
Trade receivables, net		125	80
Current Liabilities
Current portion of long-term debt		134.6	177.6
Long-term debt		$ 155.3	$ 150.7

[1] Includes balances associated with a consolidated variable interest entity ("VIE"), including amounts reflected in "Total Assets" that can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE of $3,178.7 and $2,256.8 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively, as well as liabilities of the VIE reflected within "Total Liabilities" for which creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Air Products of $2,499.0 and $1,461.1 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. Refer to Note 3, Variable Interest Entities , for additional information regarding the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (_2

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions		Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)		$ 1	$ 1
Common stock, issued shares		249,455,584	249,455,584
Treasury stock at cost, shares		27,149,677	27,255,739
Total Assets	[1]	$ 35,921.7	$ 32,002.5
Total Liabilities	[1]	19,586.8	16,342.2
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary \| NEOM Green Hydrogen Company
Total Assets		3,178.7	2,256.8
Total Liabilities		$ 2,499	$ 1,461.1

[1] Includes balances associated with a consolidated variable interest entity ("VIE"), including amounts reflected in "Total Assets" that can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE of $3,178.7 and $2,256.8 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively, as well as liabilities of the VIE reflected within "Total Liabilities" for which creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Air Products of $2,499.0 and $1,461.1 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. Refer to Note 3, Variable Interest Entities , for additional information regarding the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture.

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Operating Activities
Net Income	$ 1,202.5	$ 1,033.7
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.8	21.7
Net income attributable to Air Products	1,181.7	1,012
Adjustments to reconcile income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	710	661.1
Deferred income taxes	6.9	29
Business and asset actions	57	185.6
Undistributed earnings of equity method investments	(118.2)	(78.1)
Gain on sale of assets and investments	(18.2)	(3.9)
Share-based compensation	28.5	31.2
Noncurrent lease receivables	40.2	39.5
Other adjustments	26.5	70.9
Working capital changes that provided (used) cash, excluding effects of acquisitions:
Trade receivables	30.9	162
Inventories	(72.7)	(112.3)
Other receivables	(31.6)	(63)
Payables and accrued liabilities	(301)	(451.3)
Other working capital	(111.7)	(124.7)
Cash Provided by Operating Activities	1,428.3	1,358
Investing Activities
Additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits	(3,114.9)	(1,841.1)
Investment in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates	0	(912)
Investment in financing receivables	(392.4)	0
Proceeds from sale of assets and investments	20.2	7.2
Purchases of investments	(136.4)	(290.5)
Proceeds from investments	367.4	611.6
Other investing activities	30.1	(51.2)
Cash Used for Investing Activities	(3,226)	(2,476)
Financing Activities
Long-term debt proceeds	3,649	1,891.6
Payments on long-term debt	(64.7)	(596)
Decrease in commercial paper and short-term borrowings	(131.9)	(16.3)
Dividends paid to shareholders	(777.9)	(719.2)
Proceeds from stock option exercises	5.7	17.1
Investments by noncontrolling interests	142.6	72.8
Other financing activities	(110.3)	(46.6)
Cash Provided by Financing Activities	2,712.5	603.4
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash	3.2	46
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash items	918	(468.6)
Cash and cash items – Beginning of year	1,617	2,711
Cash and Cash Items – End of Period	$ 2,535	$ 2,242.4

Consolidated Statements of Equi

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions		Total	Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury Stock	Air Products Shareholders' Equity	Non- controlling Interests
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2022		$ 13,702.4	$ 249.4	$ 1,141.4	$ 16,520.3	$ (2,786.1)	$ (1,981)	$ 13,144	$ 558.4
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		1,033.7			1,012			1,012	21.7
Other comprehensive income (loss)		636.8				622.8		622.8	14
Dividends on common stock		(748.5)			(748.5)			(748.5)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		(5.6)							(5.6)
Share-based compensation		29		29				29
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans		1.2		(7.3)			8.5	1.2
Investments by noncontrolling interests		72.8							72.8
Other equity transactions	[1]	(31.6)		0.3	(2.5)			(2.2)	(29.4)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023		14,690.2	249.4	1,163.4	16,781.3	(2,163.3)	(1,972.5)	14,058.3	631.9
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022		14,517.4	249.4	1,148.4	16,731.4	(2,218.3)	(1,975.2)	13,935.7	581.7
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		449.9			439.8			439.8	10.1
Other comprehensive income (loss)		56.3				55		55	1.3
Dividends on common stock		(388.7)			(388.7)			(388.7)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		(4.8)							(4.8)
Share-based compensation		14.8		14.8				14.8
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans		2.8		0.1			2.7	2.8
Investments by noncontrolling interests		72.8							72.8
Other equity transactions	[2]	(30.3)		0.1	(1.2)			(1.1)	(29.2)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023		14,690.2	249.4	1,163.4	16,781.3	(2,163.3)	(1,972.5)	14,058.3	631.9
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2023		15,660.3	249.4	1,190.5	17,289.7	(2,449.4)	(1,967.3)	14,312.9	1,347.4
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		1,202.5			1,181.7			1,181.7	20.8
Other comprehensive income (loss)		97.9				173.5		173.5	(75.6)
Dividends on common stock		(782.5)			(782.5)			(782.5)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		(13.7)							(13.7)
Share-based compensation		29.5		29.5				29.5
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans		(3)		(4.5)			1.5	(3)
Investments by noncontrolling interests		142.6							142.6
Other equity transactions		1.3		0.2	1.1			1.3
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024		16,334.9	249.4	1,215.7	17,690	(2,275.9)	(1,965.8)	14,913.4	1,421.5
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023		16,129.1	249.4	1,200	17,510	(2,120.3)	(1,966.1)	14,873	1,256.1
Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		580.9			572.4			572.4	8.5
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(93.1)				(155.6)		(155.6)	62.5
Dividends on common stock		(393.5)			(393.5)			(393.5)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		(13.7)							(13.7)
Share-based compensation		15.7		15.7				15.7
Issuance of treasury shares for stock option and award plans		0.2		(0.1)			0.3	0.2
Investments by noncontrolling interests		108.1							108.1
Other equity transactions		1.2		0.1	1.1			1.2
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024		$ 16,334.9	$ 249.4	$ 1,215.7	$ 17,690	$ (2,275.9)	$ (1,965.8)	$ 14,913.4	$ 1,421.5

[1] "Other equity transactions" reflects a noncash adjustment recorded during the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 to convert investments attributable to the noncontrolling partner of the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture to shareholder loans. "Other equity transactions" reflects a noncash adjustment recorded during the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 to convert investments attributable to the noncontrolling partner of the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture to shareholder loans.

Consolidated Statements of Eq_2

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.77	$ 1.75	$ 3.52	$ 3.37

Basis of Presentation and Major

Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies	6 Months Ended
Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies	BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND MAJOR ACCOUNTING POLICIES As used in this report, unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “we”, “our”, “us”, the “Company”, "Air Products", or “registrant” include our controlled subsidiaries and affiliates. Basis of Presentation The interim consolidated financial statements of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. and its subsidiaries included herein have been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, the accompanying statements reflect adjustments necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for those periods indicated and contain adequate disclosures to make the information presented not misleading. Adjustments included herein are of a normal, recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements. To fully understand the basis of presentation, the interim consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2023 (the " 2023 Form 10-K "), which was filed with the SEC on 16 November 2023. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year. Major Accounting Policies Refer to our 2023 Form 10-K for a description of major accounting policies. There have been no significant changes to these accounting policies during the first six months of fiscal year 2024.

New Accounting Guidance

New Accounting Guidance	6 Months Ended
New Accounting Guidance	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
New Accounting Guidance	NEW ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE New Accounting Guidance to be Implemented Climate-Related Disclosures In March 2024, the SEC issued Release No. 33-11275, “The Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors", which includes final rules for providing qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding certain climate-related topics on an annual basis. As a result of ongoing litigation in the U.S., the SEC issued an order in April 2024 to stay the effectiveness of the rules while judicial review is pending. If the rules are not overturned and take effect on schedule, prospective adoption will be permitted with phased-in compliance beginning with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending 30 September 2026. We are evaluating the impact these rules will have on our disclosures. Reportable Segment Disclosures In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures". The update includes enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and identification of the chief operating decision maker. The update will be effective in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending 30 September 2025 as well as interim periods thereafter, although early adoption is permitted. The amendments must be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. We are evaluating the impact this update will have on our disclosures. Income Tax Disclosures

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities	6 Months Ended
Variable Interest Entities	Mar. 31, 2024
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities Disclosure [Abstract]
Variable Interest Entities	VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES We are the primary beneficiary of the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture ("NGHC"), which is a variable interest entity ("VIE") that is consolidated in our Middle East and India segment. We are not the primary beneficiary of any other material VIEs. We account for a VIE for which we have an equity interest and exercise significant influence but are not the primary beneficiary, such as the Jazan Integrated Gasification and Power Company joint venture ("JIGPC"), as an equity method investment. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2024, we determined that World Energy, LLC ("World Energy") is a VIE for which we have no equity interest and are not the primary beneficiary. Our variable interests in NGHC, JIGPC, and World Energy are further discussed below. NGHC Joint Venture The NEOM Green Hydrogen Project (the "NEOM project”) is a multi-billion dollar green hydrogen-based ammonia production facility that is being constructed in NEOM City, Saudi Arabia. Owned and operated by NGHC, the facility will be powered by renewable energy to produce green ammonia for Air Products as the exclusive offtaker under a long-term take-if-tendered agreement. We intend to transport the green ammonia around the world to be dissociated to produce green hydrogen for transportation and industrial markets. In May 2023, NGHC finalized the $6.7 billion engineering, procurement, and construction ("EPC") agreement with Air Products named as the main contractor and system integrator for the facility. NGHC secured non-recourse project financing of approximately $6.1 billion, which is expected to fund about 73% of the project and will be drawn over the construction period. At the same time, NGHC secured additional non-recourse credit facilities totaling approximately $500 primarily for working capital needs. Under the financing, the assets of NGHC can only be used to settle obligations of the joint venture, and creditors of NGHC do not have recourse to the general credit of Air Products. Borrowings under the financing are reflected net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs primarily within "Long-term debt" on our consolidated balance sheets. Total principal borrowings were $2,482.4 and $1,364.8 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. The amount borrowed as of 31 March 2024 includes additional draws from the facilities that were outstanding as of 30 September 2023 as well as approximately $620 drawn from a 2.00% fixed-rate Saudi Riyal loan facility that matures in November 2040. Air Products is an equal owner in NGHC with our joint venture partners, ACWA Power and NEOM Company. While we only hold one-third of the voting interests in the joint venture, substantially all the activities of the joint venture involve or are conducted on behalf of Air Products. Since we have disproportionately few voting rights relative to our economic interests in the joint venture, we determined that NGHC is a VIE. In addition, we determined that we are the primary beneficiary of NGHC since we have the power to unilaterally direct certain significant activities, including key design and construction decisions, and we share power with our joint venture partners related to other activities that are significant to the economic performance of NGHC. Therefore, we consolidate NGHC within the Middle East and India segment. The table below summarizes balances associated with NGHC as reflected on our consolidated balance sheets: 31 March 30 September 2024 2023 Assets Cash and cash items $174.9 $78.2 Trade receivables, net 4.6 — Prepaid expenses 30.6 21.4 Other receivables and current assets 203.1 181.6 Total current assets $413.2 $281.2 Plant and equipment, net 2,358.5 1,396.1 Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 228.8 228.9 Other noncurrent assets 178.2 350.6 Total noncurrent assets $2,765.5 $1,975.6 Total assets $3,178.7 $2,256.8 Liabilities Payables and accrued liabilities $174.3 $141.0 Accrued income taxes 2.7 0.6 Short-term borrowings 162.7 — Total current liabilities $339.7 $141.6 Long-term debt 2,114.3 1,274.4 Noncurrent operating lease liabilities 19.5 18.9 Other noncurrent liabilities 11.8 2.1 Deferred income taxes 13.7 24.1 Total noncurrent liabilities $2,159.3 $1,319.5 Total liabilities $2,499.0 $1,461.1 Equity Accumulated other comprehensive income $46.1 $77.7 Noncontrolling interests 748.1 723.6 JIGPC Joint Venture JIGPC is a joint venture with Saudi Aramco Power Company (a subsidiary of Aramco), ACWA Power, and Air Products Qudra (“APQ”). JIGPC entered into project financing to purchase power blocks, gasifiers, air separation units, syngas cleanup assets, and utilities to supply electricity, steam, hydrogen, and utilities to Aramco’s refinery and terminal complex under a 25-year agreement, which commenced in the first quarter of fiscal year 2022. JIGPC recorded financing receivables upon acquisition of the assets and recognizes financing income over the supply term. We determined JIGPC is a VIE for which we exercise significant influence but are not the primary beneficiary as we do not have the power to direct the activities that are most significant to its economic performance. Instead, these activities, including plant dispatch, operating and maintenance decisions, budgeting, capital expenditures, and financing, require unanimous approval of the owners or are controlled by the customer. Accordingly, we account for our 55% investment, which includes 4% that is attributable to the noncontrolling partner of APQ, under the equity method within the Middle East and India segment. The carrying value of our investment, including amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests, totaled $2,876.2 and $2,862.2 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. Our loss exposure is limited to our investment in the joint venture. Our investment primarily consists of shareholder loans that qualify as in-substance common stock in the joint venture. Certain shareholders receive a preferred cash distribution pursuant to the joint venture agreement, which specifies each shareholder’s share of income after considering the amount of cash available for distribution. As such, the earnings attributable to Air Products may not be proportionate to our ownership interest in the venture. World Energy In November 2023, we finalized an agreement to purchase a sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) facility in Paramount, California from World Energy. We determined the acquisition contains an embedded sales-type lease. As a result, we are accounting for the transaction as a financing arrangement and recorded a financing receivable of approximately $300 as of 31 March 2024. At the time of acquisition, we entered into a Master Project Agreement (“MPA”) containing terms for operation of the acquired facility as well as amended terms for the construction and operation of an SAF expansion project subject to construction at the same location. The MPA includes a tolling arrangement whereby we will receive feedstock from and produce renewable fuels for World Energy over a term that will conclude 15 years after onstream of the expansion project with the option to renew for two five-year terms. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2024, we determined that World Energy is a VIE and our financing receivable represents a variable interest in World Energy. We are not the primary beneficiary as we do not have control over their key operating decisions, including feedstock supply, production of renewable fuels, and negotiating and executing supply agreements with customers. As of 31 March 2024, our maximum exposure to loss is approximately $2.0 billion. This includes project-related spending of $1.4 billion that is primarily capitalized within “Plant and equipment, net” and approximately $285 for open purchase commitments, both of which relate to the SAF expansion project, as well as approximately $300 for our investment in the financing receivables discussed above.

Business and Asset Actions

Business and Asset Actions	6 Months Ended
Business and Asset Actions	Mar. 31, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Business and Asset Actions	BUSINESS AND ASSET ACTIONS Our consolidated income statements for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024 and 2023 include charges of $57.0 ($43.8 after tax) and $185.6 ($153.7 attributable to Air Products after tax), respectively, for strategic business and asset actions intended to optimize costs and focus resources on our growth projects. Charges for business and asset actions are not recorded in segment results. Global Cost Reduction Plan During the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, we recognized an expense of $57.0 for severance and other postemployment benefits payable to employees identified under a global cost reduction plan. We originated this plan during the third quarter of fiscal year 2023, which resulted in an initial charge of $27.0. In total, approximately 1,100 employees globally are eligible to receive benefits under the plan. We estimated benefits payable according to our ongoing benefit arrangements. The table below reconciles these charges to the carrying amount of the remaining accrual for unpaid benefits as of 31 March 2024. This balance primarily relates to the additional actions identified during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024. We expect to pay the majority of the remaining benefits over the next twelve months: Third quarter fiscal year 2023 charge $27.0 Cash payments (6.8) Currency translation adjustment (0.4) Amount accrued as of 30 September 2023 (A) $19.8 Second quarter fiscal year 2024 charge 57.0 Cash payments (16.9) Amount accrued as of 31 March 2024 (A) $59.9 (A) Reflected within "Payables and accrued liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets. Asset Actions During the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, we recorded a noncash charge of $185.6 to write off assets associated with exited projects that were previously under construction in our Asia and Europe segments. The assets written off included those related to our withdrawal from coal gasification in Indonesia as well as a project in Ukraine that was permanently suspended due to Russia's invasion of the country.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition	6 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	REVENUE RECOGNITION The majority of our revenue is generated from our sale of gas customers within the regional industrial gases segments. We distribute gases through either our on-site or merchant supply mode depending on various factors, including the customer's volume requirements and location. We also design and manufacture equipment for air separation, hydrocarbon recovery and purification, natural gas liquefaction, and liquid helium and liquid hydrogen transport and storage. The Corporate and other segment serves our sale of equipment customers. Disaggregation of Revenue The tables below present our consolidated sales disaggregated by supply mode for each of our reportable segments for the second quarter and first six months of fiscal years 2024 and 2023. We believe this presentation best depicts the nature, timing, type of customer, and contract terms for our sales. Three Months Ended 31 March 2024 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $695.5 $495.9 $194.5 $18.5 $— $1,404.4 48 % Merchant 550.3 283.8 473.4 17.2 — 1,324.7 45 % Sale of equipment — — — — 201.1 201.1 7 % Total $1,245.8 $779.7 $667.9 $35.7 $201.1 $2,930.2 100 % Three Months Ended 31 March 2023 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $801.9 $490.3 $259.4 $22.8 $— $1,574.4 49 % Merchant 571.2 323.6 493.5 22.0 — 1,410.3 44 % Sale of equipment — — — — 215.4 215.4 7 % Total $1,373.1 $813.9 $752.9 $44.8 $215.4 $3,200.1 100 % Six Months Ended 31 March 2024 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $1,409.6 $999.1 $453.7 $36.0 $— $2,898.4 48 % Merchant 1,088.3 574.4 945.4 35.1 — 2,643.2 45 % Sale of Equipment — — — — 386.0 386.0 7 % Total $2,497.9 $1,573.5 $1,399.1 $71.1 $386.0 $5,927.6 100 % Six Months Ended 31 March 2023 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $1,647.7 $948.0 $587.5 $41.6 $— $3,224.8 51 % Merchant 1,109.6 643.7 957.3 44.6 — 2,755.2 43 % Sale of Equipment — — — — 394.8 394.8 6 % Total $2,757.3 $1,591.7 $1,544.8 $86.2 $394.8 $6,374.8 100 % Interest income associated with financing and lease arrangements accounted for approximately 1% of our total consolidated sales during the three and six months ended 31 March 2024. Remaining Performance Obligations As of 31 March 2024, the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is estimated to be approximately $27 billion. This amount includes fixed-charge contract provisions associated with our on-site and sale of equipment supply modes. We estimate that approximately half of this revenue will be recognized over the next five years and the balance thereafter. Our remaining performance obligations do not include (1) expected revenue associated with new on-site plants that are not yet on-stream; (2) consideration associated with contracts that have an expected duration of less than one year; and (3) variable consideration for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice, including energy cost pass-through to customers. In the future, actual amounts will differ due to events outside of our control, including, but not limited to, inflationary price escalations; currency exchange rates; and amended, terminated, or renewed contracts. Contract Balances The table below details balances arising from contracts with customers: 31 March 30 September Balance Sheet Location 2024 2023 Assets Contract assets – current Other receivables and current assets $97.2 $124.7 Contract fulfillment costs – current Other receivables and current assets 109.8 89.0 Liabilities Contract liabilities – current Payables and accrued liabilities $396.1 $413.0 Contract liabilities – noncurrent Other noncurrent liabilities 133.1 136.9 During the first six months of fiscal year 2024, we recognized sales of approximately $195 associated with sale of equipment contracts that were included within our current contract liabilities as of 30 September 2023.

Inventories

Inventories	6 Months Ended
Inventories	Mar. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventories	INVENTORIES The components of inventories are as follows: 31 March 30 September 2024 2023 Finished goods $220.5 $211.6 Work in process 33.3 28.4 Raw materials, supplies, and other 467.4 411.8 Inventories $721.2 $651.8

Goodwill

Goodwill	6 Months Ended
Goodwill	Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill	GOODWILL Changes to the carrying amount of consolidated goodwill by segment for the six months ended 31 March 2024 are as follows: Americas Asia Europe Middle East and India Corporate and other Total Goodwill, net as of 30 September 2023 $146.6 $171.9 $493.5 $15.8 $33.9 $861.7 Currency translation (3.9) 0.7 24.7 — — 21.5 Goodwill, net as of 31 March 2024 $142.7 $172.6 $518.2 $15.8 $33.9 $883.2 31 March 30 September 2024 2023 Goodwill, gross $1,152.8 $1,158.4 Accumulated impairment losses (A) (269.6) (296.7) Goodwill, net $883.2 $861.7 (A) We recorded impairment charges related to the Latin America reporting unit ("LASA") in the Americas segment in fiscal years 2017 and 2014. The balance of accumulated impairment losses fluctuates over time due to currency translation. We review goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill might not be recoverable.

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments	6 Months Ended
Financial Instruments	Mar. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Financial Instruments	FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Currency Price Risk Management Our earnings, cash flows, and financial position are exposed to foreign currency risk from foreign currency-denominated transactions and net investments in foreign operations. It is our policy to seek to minimize our cash flow volatility from changes in currency exchange rates. This is accomplished by identifying and evaluating the risk that our cash flows will change in value due to changes in exchange rates and by executing strategies necessary to manage such exposures. Our objective is to maintain economically balanced currency risk management strategies that provide adequate downside protection. Forward Exchange Contracts We enter into forward exchange contracts to reduce the cash flow exposure to foreign currency fluctuations associated with highly anticipated cash flows and certain firm commitments, such as the purchase of plant and equipment. We also enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge the cash flow exposure on intercompany loans and third-party debt. This portfolio of forward exchange contracts consists primarily of Euros and U.S. Dollars. The maximum remaining term of any forward exchange contract currently outstanding and designated as a cash flow hedge at 31 March 2024 is 2.6 years. Forward exchange contracts are also used to hedge the value of investments in certain foreign subsidiaries and affiliates by creating a liability in a currency in which we have a net equity position. The primary currency pair in this portfolio of forward exchange contracts is Euros and U.S. Dollars. We also utilize forward exchange contracts that are not designated as hedges. These contracts are used to economically hedge foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily working capital. The primary objective of these forward exchange contracts is to protect the value of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities from the effects of volatility in foreign exchange rates that might occur prior to their receipt or settlement. This portfolio of forward exchange contracts consists of multiple foreign currency pairs, with a profile that changes from time to time depending on our business activity and sourcing decisions. The table below summarizes our outstanding currency price risk management instruments: 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 US$ Years US$ Years Forward Exchange Contracts: Cash flow hedges $4,576.1 0.6 $4,463.2 0.7 Net investment hedges 884.4 2.0 864.0 2.5 Not designated 777.9 0.3 709.4 0.3 Total Forward Exchange Contracts $6,238.4 0.8 $6,036.6 0.9 We also use foreign currency-denominated debt to hedge the foreign currency exposures of our net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries. The designated foreign currency-denominated debt and related accrued interest was €1,939.5 million ($2,092.7) at 31 March 2024 and €1,938.6 million ($2,049.7) at 30 September 2023. The designated foreign currency-denominated debt is presented within "Long-term debt" and "Current portion of long-term debt" on the consolidated balance sheets. Debt Portfolio Management It is our policy to identify, on a continuing basis, the need for debt capital and to evaluate the financial risks inherent in funding the Company with debt capital. Reflecting the result of this ongoing review, we manage our debt portfolio and hedging program with the intent to (1) reduce funding risk with respect to borrowings made by us to preserve our access to debt capital and provide debt capital as required for funding and liquidity purposes, and (2) manage the aggregate interest rate risk and the debt portfolio in accordance with certain debt management parameters. Interest Rate Management Contracts We enter into interest rate swaps to change the fixed/variable interest rate mix of our debt portfolio in order to maintain the percentage of fixed- and variable-rate debt within the parameters set by management. In accordance with these parameters, the agreements are used to manage interest rate risks and costs inherent in our debt portfolio. Our interest rate management portfolio generally consists of fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps (which are designated as fair value hedges), pre-issuance interest rate swaps and treasury locks (which hedge the interest rate risk associated with anticipated fixed-rate debt issuances and are designated as cash flow hedges), and floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps (which are designated as cash flow hedges). As of 31 March 2024, the outstanding interest rate swaps were denominated in U.S. Dollars. The notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements is equal to or less than the designated debt being hedged. When interest rate swaps are used to hedge variable-rate debt, the indices of the swaps and the debt to which they are designated are the same. It is our policy not to enter into any interest rate management contracts which lever a move in interest rates on a greater than one-to-one basis. Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap Contracts We enter into cross currency interest rate swap contracts when our risk management function deems necessary. These contracts may entail both the exchange of fixed- and floating-rate interest payments periodically over the life of the agreement and the exchange of one currency for another currency at inception and at a specified future date. The contracts are used to hedge either certain net investments in foreign operations or non-functional currency cash flows related to intercompany loans. The current cross currency interest rate swap portfolio consists of fixed-to-fixed swaps primarily between the U.S. Dollar and each of the Chinese Renminbi, Indian Rupee, and Chilean Peso. The table below summarizes our 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 US$ Average Average Years US$ Average Average Years Interest rate swaps $800.0 SOFR 1.64 % 3.5 $800.0 SOFR 1.64 % 4.0 Interest rate swaps $1,740.3 2.82 % SOFR 21.6 $1,182.5 2.82 % SOFR 22.1 Cross currency interest rate swaps $29.0 5.39 % 3.64 % 0.7 $80.8 4.60 % 3.65 % 0.9 Cross currency interest rate swaps $449.3 5.02 % 2.82 % 2.3 $598.2 4.89 % 3.22 % 2.2 Cross currency interest rate swaps $22.4 5.39 % 3.64 % 0.7 $44.5 5.39 % 3.54 % 0.2 The table below provides the amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges: Carrying amounts of hedged item Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount 31 March 30 September 31 March 30 September Balance Sheet Location 2024 2023 2024 2023 Long-term debt $2,030.2 $2,011.4 ($62.6) ($80.5) The table below summarizes the fair value and balance sheet location of our outstanding derivatives: Balance Sheet 31 March 30 September Balance Sheet 31 March 30 September Location 2024 2023 Location 2024 2023 Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward exchange contracts Other receivables and current assets $55.8 $50.2 Payables and accrued liabilities $66.7 $94.1 Interest rate management contracts Other receivables and current assets 7.2 13.0 Payables and accrued liabilities — — Forward exchange contracts Other noncurrent assets 9.0 19.8 Other noncurrent liabilities 16.3 25.7 Interest rate management contracts Other noncurrent assets 184.4 300.8 Other noncurrent liabilities 65.2 87.0 Total Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments $256.4 $383.8 $148.2 $206.8 Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward exchange contracts Other receivables and current assets $7.3 $6.4 Payables and accrued liabilities $4.2 $4.6 Interest rate management contracts Other receivables and current assets 1.4 3.9 Payables and accrued liabilities — — Forward exchange contracts Other noncurrent assets 0.1 — Other noncurrent liabilities 0.1 — Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments $8.8 $10.3 $4.3 $4.6 Total Derivatives $265.2 $394.1 $152.5 $211.4 Refer to Note 9, Fair Value Measurements , which defines fair value, describes the method for measuring fair value, and provides additional disclosures regarding fair value measurements. The tables below summarize gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income during the period related to our net investment and cash flow hedging relationships: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Net Investment Hedging Relationships Forward exchange contracts $31.6 ($15.3) ($0.2) ($62.4) Foreign currency debt 48.2 (35.6) (41.7) (150.9) Cross currency interest rate swaps 0.8 (3.2) (1.1) (13.8) Total Amount Recognized in OCI 80.6 (54.1) (43.0) (227.1) Tax effects (19.6) 13.3 10.5 55.8 Net Amount Recognized in OCI $61.0 ($40.8) ($32.5) ($171.3) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Forward exchange contracts ($63.5) $5.3 $51.6 $194.1 Forward exchange contracts, excluded components (3.4) (5.9) (12.4) (11.5) Other (A) 149.4 (14.6) (112.3) (38.6) Total Amount Recognized in OCI 82.5 (15.2) (73.1) 144.0 Tax effects (0.2) 0.6 (5.7) (37.6) Net Amount Recognized in OCI $82.3 ($14.6) ($78.8) $106.4 (A) Other primarily includes interest rate and cross currency interest rate swaps for which excluded components are recognized in “Payables and accrued liabilities” and “Other receivables and current assets” as a component of accrued interest payable and accrued interest receivable, respectively. These excluded components are recorded in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” over the life of the cross currency interest rate swap. Other also includes the recognition of our share of gains and losses, net of tax, related to interest rate swaps held by our equity affiliates. The table below summarizes the location and amounts recognized in income related to our cash flow and fair value hedging relationships by contract type: Three Months Ended 31 March Sales Cost of Sales Interest Expense Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below $2,930.2 $3,200.1 $1,991.5 $2,282.8 $59.9 $40.9 ($9.2) ($13.9) (Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging: Forward Exchange Contracts: Amount reclassified from OCI into income ($0.4) $0.1 $0.5 $2.4 $— $— $48.3 ($6.1) Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach — — — — — — 5.3 3.3 Other: Amount reclassified from OCI into income — — — — 1.1 1.3 (9.4) 6.7 Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income (0.4) 0.1 0.5 2.4 1.1 1.3 44.2 3.9 Tax effects 0.1 — (0.1) (0.6) (0.4) (0.6) (10.2) (0.7) Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income ($0.3) $0.1 $0.4 $1.8 $0.7 $0.7 $34.0 $3.2 (Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging: Other: Hedged items $— $— $— $— ($8.2) $12.8 $— $— Derivatives designated as hedging instruments — — — — 8.2 (12.8) — — Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— Six Months Ended 31 March Sales Cost of Sales Interest Expense Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below $5,927.6 $6,374.8 $4,058.7 $4,555.1 $113.4 $82.1 ($24.0) ($14.5) (Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging: Forward Exchange Contracts: Amount reclassified from OCI into income ($0.1) $0.1 $1.8 $3.6 $— $— ($26.6) ($123.9) Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach — — — — — — 11.0 5.3 Other: Amount reclassified from OCI into income — — — — 2.4 2.8 1.9 29.4 Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income (0.1) 0.1 1.8 3.6 2.4 2.8 (13.7) (89.2) Tax effects — — (0.4) (0.8) (0.9) (1.1) 3.5 21.7 Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income ($0.1) $0.1 $1.4 $2.8 $1.5 $1.7 ($10.2) ($67.5) (Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging: Other: Hedged items $— $— $— $— $17.9 $17.2 $— $— Derivatives designated as hedging instruments — — — — (17.9) (17.2) — — Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments by contract type: Three Months Ended 31 March Other Income (Expense), Net Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward Exchange Contracts ($2.9) $0.7 $0.3 ($1.1) Other — — (0.7) 0.8 Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income ($2.9) $0.7 ($0.4) ($0.3) Six Months Ended 31 March Other Income (Expense), Net Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward Exchange Contracts $0.3 $1.3 ($0.9) ($2.7) Other — — 0.1 1.9 Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income $0.3 $1.3 ($0.8) ($0.8) The amount of unrealized gains and losses related to cash flow hedges as of 31 March 2024 that are expected to be reclassified to earnings in the next twelve months is not material. The cash flows related to derivative contracts are generally reported in the operating activities section of the consolidated statements of cash flows. Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features Certain derivative instruments are executed under agreements that require us to maintain a minimum credit rating with both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. If our credit rating falls below this threshold, the counterparty to the derivative instruments has the right to request full collateralization on the derivatives’ net liability position. The net liability position of derivatives with credit risk-related contingent features was $72.2 and $94.2 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. Because our current credit rating is above the various pre-established thresholds, no collateral has been posted on these liability positions. Counterparty Credit Risk Management We execute financial derivative transactions with counterparties that are highly rated financial institutions, all of which are investment grade at this time. Some of our underlying derivative agreements give us the right to require the institution to post collateral if its credit rating falls below the pre-established thresholds with Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, or Fitch. The collateral that the counterparties would be required to post was $225.5 and $345.0 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. No financial institution is required to post collateral at this time, as all have credit ratings at or above threshold.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	6 Months Ended
Fair Value Measurements	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Fair value is defined as an exit price, or the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels as follows: Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 — Inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3 — Inputs that are unobservable for the asset or liability based on our own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The methods and assumptions used to measure the fair value of financial instruments are as follows: Short-term Investments Short-term investments primarily include time deposits with original maturities greater than three months and less than one year. We estimated the fair value of our short-term investments, which approximates carrying value as of the balance sheet date, using Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Level 2 measurements were based on current interest rates for similar investments with comparable credit risk and time to maturity. Derivatives The fair value of our interest rate management contracts and forward exchange contracts are quantified using the income approach and are based on estimates using standard pricing models. These models consider the value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted to a present value using discount factors that match both the time to maturity and currency of the underlying instruments. These standard pricing models utilize inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data such as interest rate yield curves as well as currency spot and forward rates; therefore, the fair value of our derivatives is classified as a Level 2 measurement. On an ongoing basis, we randomly test a subset of our valuations against valuations received from the transaction’s counterparty to validate the accuracy of our standard pricing models. Counterparties to these derivative contracts are highly rated financial institutions. Refer to Note 8, Financial Instruments , for a description of derivative instruments, including details related to the balance sheet line classifications. Long-term Debt, Including Related Party The fair value of our debt is based on estimates using standard pricing models that consider the value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted to a present value using discount factors that match both the time to maturity and currency of the underlying instruments. These standard valuation models utilize observable market data such as interest rate yield curves and currency spot rates; therefore, the fair value of our debt is classified as a Level 2 measurement. The carrying values and fair values of financial instruments were as follows: 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Assets Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $72.2 $72.2 $76.4 $76.4 Interest rate management contracts 193.0 193.0 317.7 317.7 Liabilities Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $87.3 $87.3 $124.4 $124.4 Interest rate management contracts 65.2 65.2 87.0 87.0 Long-term debt, including current portion and related party 13,437.4 12,936.0 10,046.3 9,173.5 The carrying amounts reported on the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash items, short-term investments, trade receivables, payables and accrued liabilities, accrued income taxes, and short-term borrowings approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Accordingly, these items have been excluded from the above table. The table below summarizes assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis: 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets at Fair Value Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $72.2 $— $72.2 $— $76.4 $— $76.4 $— Interest rate management contracts 193.0 — 193.0 — 317.7 — 317.7 — Total Assets at Fair Value $265.2 $— $265.2 $— $394.1 $— $394.1 $— Liabilities at Fair Value Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $87.3 $— $87.3 $— $124.4 $— $124.4 $— Interest rate management contracts 65.2 — 65.2 — 87.0 — 87.0 — Total Liabilities at Fair Value $152.5 $— $152.5 $— $211.4 $— $211.4 $—

Debt

Debt	6 Months Ended
Debt	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt	DEBT Issuance of Green Senior Notes In February 2024, we issued green senior notes with an aggregate principal amount of $2.5 billion in a registered public offering. The proceeds from the notes were reduced by deferred financing charges and discounts of approximately $20, which are being amortized through interest expense over the life of the underlying bonds. We intend to use the net proceeds to finance or refinance existing or future projects that are expected to have environmental benefits as defined under our Green Finance Framework. The interest rate, maturity, and carrying amount as of 31 March 2024 for each of these notes are summarized in the table below: Fiscal Year 31 March 2024 Senior Note 4.600% 2029 $750.0 Senior Note 4.750% 2031 600.0 Senior Note 4.850% 2034 1,150.0 Total $2,500.0 Credit Facilities In March 2024, we entered into a five Borrowings under both agreements bear interest at quoted market rates plus varying spreads based on our public debt ratings. Each agreement also requires a commitment fee on unused commitments based on our public debt ratings. Pricing terms under the 2024 Credit Agreement are also subject to sustainability-driven adjustments. There are no financial maintenance covenants in either agreement. The 2024 Credit Agreement replaced our previous $2.75 billion revolving credit agreement (the “2021 Credit Agreement”), which was terminated upon execution of the 2024 Credit Agreement. No borrowings were outstanding under the 2021 Credit Agreement at the time of its termination, and no early termination penalties were incurred. Related Party Debt Total debt owed to related parties was $289.8 and $328.3 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively, of which $134.6 and $177.6, respectively, was reflected within "Current portion of long-term debt" on our consolidated balance sheets. Our related party debt primarily includes a loan with our joint venture partner, Lu’An Clean Energy Company.

Retirement Benefits

Retirement Benefits	6 Months Ended
Retirement Benefits	Mar. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Retirement Benefits	RETIREMENT BENEFITS The components of net periodic cost for our defined benefit pension plans for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Pension Benefits 2024 2023 Three Months Ended 31 March U.S. International Total U.S. International Total Service cost $2.4 $2.8 $5.2 $2.8 $3.0 $5.8 Non-service cost: Interest cost 33.7 15.0 48.7 32.5 14.9 47.4 Expected return on plan assets (30.0) (11.9) (41.9) (31.8) (12.2) (44.0) Prior service cost amortization 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 Actuarial loss amortization 14.3 3.2 17.5 15.0 3.0 18.0 Settlements — 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 1.1 Other — 0.1 0.1 — 0.2 0.2 Net Periodic Cost $20.7 $9.7 $30.4 $19.7 $9.2 $28.9 Pension Benefits 2024 2023 Six Months Ended 31 March U.S. International Total U.S. International Total Service cost $4.8 $5.6 $10.4 $5.5 $6.3 $11.8 Non-service cost: Interest cost 67.4 29.8 97.2 65.0 29.3 94.3 Expected return on plan assets (60.0) (23.5) (83.5) (63.6) (24.0) (87.6) Prior service cost amortization 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 Actuarial loss amortization 28.6 6.4 35.0 29.8 6.0 35.8 Settlements — 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 1.1 Curtailments — — — — (1.9) (1.9) Other — 0.2 0.2 — 0.5 0.5 Net Periodic Cost $41.4 $19.2 $60.6 $38.2 $16.5 $54.7 Our service costs are primarily included within "Cost of sales" and "Selling and administrative expense" on our consolidated income statements. The amount of service costs capitalized in the first six months of fiscal years 2024 and 2023 were not material. The non-service related impacts are presented outside operating income within " Other non-operating income (expense), net. For the six months ended 31 March 2024 and 2023, our cash contributions to funded pension plans and benefit payments under unfunded pension plans were $19.2 and $15.4, respectively. Total contributions for fiscal year 2024 are expected to be approximately $35 to $45. During fiscal year 2023, total contributions were $32.6.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	6 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Litigation We are involved in various legal proceedings, including commercial, competition, environmental, intellectual property, regulatory, product liability, and insurance matters. We do not currently believe there are any legal proceedings for which it is reasonably possible, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In September 2010, the Brazilian Administrative Council for Economic Defense ("CADE") issued a decision against our Brazilian subsidiary, Air Products Brasil Ltda., and several other Brazilian industrial gas companies for alleged anticompetitive activities. CADE imposed a civil fine of R$179.2 million (approximately $36 at 31 March 2024) on Air Products Brasil Ltda. This fine was based on a recommendation by a unit of the Brazilian Ministry of Justice, following an investigation beginning in 2003, which alleged violation of competition laws with respect to the sale of industrial and medical gases. The fines are based on a percentage of our total revenue in Brazil in 2003. We have denied the allegations made by the authorities and filed an appeal in October 2010 with the Brazilian courts. On 6 May 2014, our appeal was granted and the fine against Air Products Brasil Ltda. was dismissed. CADE has appealed that ruling and the matter remains pending. We, with advice of our outside legal counsel, have assessed the status of this matter and have concluded that, although an adverse final judgment after exhausting all appeals is possible, such a judgment is not probable. As a result, no provision has been made in the consolidated financial statements. In the event of an adverse final judgment, we estimate the maximum possible loss to be the full amount of the fine of R$179.2 million (approximately $36 at 31 March 2024) plus interest accrued thereon until final disposition of the proceedings. Additionally, a Texas state court entered final judgment in our favor on 27 March 2024 for litigation involving disputed energy management charges related to Winter Storm Uri, a severe winter weather storm that impacted the U.S. Gulf Coast in February 2021. The judgement is subject to appeal and had no impact on our consolidated financial statements during the second quarter and first six months of fiscal year 2024. Environmental In the normal course of business, we are involved in legal proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("CERCLA," the federal Superfund law), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ("RCRA"), and similar state environmental laws relating to the designation of certain sites for investigation or remediation. Presently, there are 27 sites on which a final settlement or remediation has not been achieved where we, usually along with others, have been designated a potentially responsible party by environmental authorities or are otherwise engaged in investigation or remediation, including cleanup activity at certain of our former manufacturing sites. We continually monitor these sites for which we have environmental exposure. Accruals for environmental loss contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. The consolidated balance sheets at 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023 included an accrual of $62.2 and $64.5, respectively, primarily as part of other noncurrent liabilities. The environmental liabilities will be paid over a period of up to 26 years. We estimate the exposure for environmental loss contingencies to range from $62 to a reasonably possible upper exposure of $75 as of 31 March 2024. Actual costs to be incurred at identified sites in future periods may vary from the estimates, given inherent uncertainties in evaluating environmental exposures. Using reasonably possible alternative assumptions of the exposure level could result in an increase to the environmental accrual. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to environmental exposures, a significant increase to the reasonably possible upper exposure level could occur if a new site is designated, the scope of remediation is increased, a different remediation alternative is identified, or a significant increase in our proportionate share occurs. We do not expect that any sum we may have to pay in connection with environmental matters in excess of the amounts recorded or disclosed above would have a material adverse impact on our financial position or results of operations in any one year. Pace At 31 March 2024, $36.3 of the environmental accrual was related to our facility in Pace, Florida. In 2006, we sold our Amines business, which included operations at the Pace facility and recognized a liability for retained environmental obligations associated with remediation activities at the facility. We are required by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection ("FDEP") and the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("USEPA") to continue our remediation efforts. We recognized a before-tax expense of $42 in fiscal year 2006 in results from discontinued operations and recorded an environmental accrual of $42 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets. In the first quarter of 2015, we entered into a consent order with the FDEP requiring us to continue our remediation efforts at the Pace facility and complete a cost review every five years. In fiscal year 2020, we completed an updated cost review of the environmental remediation status at the Pace facility. The review was completed in conjunction with requirements to maintain financial assurance per the consent order issued by the FDEP discussed below. Based on our review, we expect ongoing activities to continue for 26 years. As a result of these changes, we increased our environmental accrual for this site by $19 in continuing operations on the consolidated balance sheets and recognized a before-tax expense of $19 in results from discontinued operations in fiscal year 2020. There have been no significant changes to the estimated exposure range related to the Pace facility since fiscal year 2020. We have implemented many of the remedial corrective measures at the Pace facility required under the 1995 consent orders issued by the FDEP and the USEPA. Contaminated soils have been bioremediated, and the treated soils have been secured in a lined on-site corrective action management unit. Several groundwater recovery systems have been installed to contain and remove contamination from groundwater. We completed an extensive assessment of the site to determine the efficacy of existing measures, what additional corrective measures may be needed, and whether newer remediation technologies that were not available in the 1990s might be better suited for groundwater remediation. Based on assessment results, we completed a focused feasibility study that has identified alternative approaches that may more effectively remove contaminants. We continue to review alternative remedial approaches with the FDEP, and we completed additional field work during 2021 to support the design of an improved groundwater recovery network. This network targets areas of higher contaminant concentration and avoids areas of high groundwater iron which has proven to be a significant operability issue for the project. The design of the optimized recovery system was initiated in fiscal year 2023, with construction expected to begin in fiscal year 2025. In fiscal year 2025, we expect to connect groundwater recovery wells and ancillary equipment to the existing groundwater recovery system. Further, we expect additional future capital expenditures to consider the extended time horizon for remediation at the site. Pasadena At 31 March 2024, $10.4 of the environmental accrual was related to a production facility site in Pasadena, Texas. During fiscal year 2012, management committed to permanently shutting down our polyurethane intermediates ("PUI") production facility in Pasadena, Texas. In shutting down and dismantling the facility, we have undertaken certain obligations related to soil and groundwater contaminants. We have been pumping and treating groundwater to control off-site contaminant migration in compliance with regulatory requirements and under the approval of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality ("TCEQ"). We estimate that the pump and treat system will continue to operate until 2042. We continue to perform additional work to address other environmental obligations at the site. This additional work includes remediating, as required, impacted soils, investigating groundwater west of the former PUI facility, continuing post closure care for two closed RCRA surface impoundment units, and maintaining engineering controls. Additionally, we have conducted an interim corrective action to treat impacted soils as recommended in the TCEQ 2019 Annual Report. In 2012, we estimated the total exposure at this site to be $13. There have been no significant changes to the estimated exposure.

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation	6 Months Ended
Share-Based Compensation	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Share-Based Compensation	SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION Our outstanding share-based compensation programs include deferred stock units and stock options. During the six months ended 31 March 2024, we granted market-based and time-based deferred stock units. Under all programs, the terms of the awards are fixed at the grant date. We issue shares from treasury stock upon the payout of deferred stock units and the exercise of stock options. As of 31 March 2024, there were 1.0 million shares available for future grant under our Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP"), which is shareholder approved. Share-based compensation cost recognized on the consolidated income statements is summarized below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Before-tax share-based compensation cost $14.8 $15.5 $28.4 $32.4 Income tax benefit (3.6) (3.9) (6.9) (7.9) After-tax share-based compensation cost $11.2 $11.6 $21.5 $24.5 Before-tax share-based compensation cost is primarily included in "Selling and administrative expense" on our consolidated income statements. The amount of share-based compensation cost capitalized in the first six months of fiscal years 2024 and 2023 was not material. Deferred Stock Units During the six months ended 31 March 2024, we granted 102,120 market-based deferred stock units. The market-based deferred stock units are earned over the performance period beginning 1 October 2023 and ending 30 September 2026, conditioned on the level of our total shareholder return in relation to the S&P 500 Index over the three The market-based deferred stock units had an estimated grant-date fair value of $302.10 per unit, which was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the grant and calculates the fair value of the awards. We generally expense the grant-date fair value of these awards on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The calculation of the fair value of market-based deferred stock units used the following assumptions: Expected volatility 25.0 % Risk-free interest rate 4.3 % Expected dividend yield 2.6 % In addition, during the six months ended 31 March 2024, we granted 139,425 time-based deferred stock units at a weighted average grant-date fair value of $272.05.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	6 Months Ended
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Mar. 31, 2024
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS The tables below summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL"), net of tax, attributable to Air Products for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024: Derivatives Foreign Pension and Total Balance at 31 December 2023 $11.9 ($1,548.7) ($583.5) ($2,120.3) Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 82.3 (223.8) — (141.5) Amounts reclassified from AOCL 34.8 — 13.6 48.4 Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) 117.1 (223.8) 13.6 (93.1) Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests 75.6 (13.2) 0.1 62.5 Balance at 31 March 2024 $53.4 ($1,759.3) ($570.0) ($2,275.9) Derivatives Foreign Pension and Total Balance at 30 September 2023 $61.1 ($1,913.3) ($597.2) ($2,449.4) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (78.8) 156.8 — 78.0 Amounts reclassified from AOCL (7.4) — 27.3 19.9 Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income (86.2) 156.8 27.3 97.9 Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests (78.5) 2.8 0.1 (75.6) Balance at 31 March 2024 $53.4 ($1,759.3) ($570.0) ($2,275.9) The table below summarizes the reclassifications out of AOCL and the affected line item on the consolidated income statements: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Loss (Gain) on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax Sales ($0.3) $0.1 ($0.1) $0.1 Cost of sales 0.4 1.8 1.4 2.8 Interest expense 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.7 Other non-operating income (expense), net 34.0 3.2 (10.2) (67.5) Total Loss (Gain) on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax $34.8 $5.8 ($7.4) ($62.9) Currency Translation Adjustment Business and asset actions $— ($0.3) $— ($0.3) Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax (A) $13.6 $14.4 $27.3 $26.3 (A) The components of net periodic benefit/cost reclassified out of AOCL include items such as prior service cost amortization, actuarial loss amortization, settlements, and curtailments and are included in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” on the consolidated income statements. Refer to Note 11, Retirement Benefits , for additional information.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share	6 Months Ended
Earnings Per Share	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share	EARNINGS PER SHARE The table below details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"): Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Numerator Net income attributable to Air Products $572.4 $439.8 $1,181.7 $1,012.0 Denominator (in millions) Weighted average common shares — Basic 222.5 222.3 222.5 222.3 Effect of dilutive securities Employee stock option and other award plans 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 Weighted average common shares — Diluted 222.7 222.7 222.8 222.7 Per Share Data (U.S. Dollars per share) Basic EPS attributable to Air Products $2.57 $1.98 $5.31 $4.55 Diluted EPS attributable to Air Products $2.57 $1.97 $5.30 $4.54 Outstanding share-based awards of 0.1 million shares were antidilutive and therefore excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024. For 2023, there were no antidilutive outstanding share-based awards.

Supplemental Information

Supplemental Information	6 Months Ended
Supplemental Information	Mar. 31, 2024
Disclosure Text Block Supplement [Abstract]
Supplemental Information	SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION Related Party Transactions We have related party sales to some of our equity affiliates and joint venture partners as well as other income primarily from fees charged for use of Air Products' patents and technology. Sales to and other income from related parties totaled approximately $75 and $170 for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024, respectively, and $105 and $185 for the three and six months ended 31 March 2023, respectively. Sales agreements with related parties include terms that are consistent with those that we believe would have been negotiated at an arm’s length with an independent party. As of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, our consolidated balance sheets included related party trade receivables of approximately $125 and $80, respectively. Uzbekistan Asset Purchase On 25 May 2023, we entered into an investment agreement with the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Uzbekneftegaz JSC (“UNG”) to purchase a natural gas-to-syngas processing facility in Qashqadaryo Province, Uzbekistan, for $1 billion. Under the agreement, Air Products will acquire, own, and operate the facility and supply all offtake products to UNG under a 15-year on-site contract, with UNG supplying the feedstock natural gas and utilities. Throughout this term, we receive a fixed monthly fee (regardless of whether UNG requires the output) comprised of two components: a plant capacity fee and an operating and maintenance fee. We are accounting for the transaction as a financing arrangement as we did not obtain accounting control of the facility due to UNG having the unilateral right to reacquire the facility at the end of the contract term. The repurchase price on a discounted basis, which consists of the total monthly plant capacity fees received over the term of the arrangement plus the repurchase option price, exceeds our purchase price. Accordingly, our progress payments of approximately $910, of which $100 was paid during the first quarter of fiscal year 2024, are reflected within "Financing receivables" on our consolidated balance sheet as of 31 March 2024. Changes in Estimates Changes in estimates on sale of equipment projects accounted for under the cost incurred input method are recognized as a cumulative adjustment for the inception-to-date effect of such change. We recorded changes to project cost estimates that unfavorably impacted operating income by approximately $35 and $65 for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024, respectively, and approximately $35 and $60 for the three and six months ended 31 March 2023, respectively. Income Taxes Our effective tax rate was 18.3% and 18.1% for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024, respectively, and 21.2% and 19.9% for the three and six months ended 31 March 2023, respectively. Income tax payments, net of refunds, were $321.8 and $327.0 for the six months ended 31 March 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Business Segment Information

Business Segment Information	6 Months Ended
Business Segment Information	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Business Segment Information	BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION Our reportable segments reflect the manner in which our chief operating decision maker reviews results and allocates resources. Our reportable segments are as follows: • Americas; • Asia; • Europe; • Middle East and India; and • Corporate and other Except for the Corporate and other segment, each reportable segment meets the definition of an operating segment and does not include the aggregation of multiple operating segments. Our Corporate and other segment includes the aggregation of three operating segments that meet the aggregation criteria under GAAP. Summary by Business Segment Americas Asia Europe Middle East and India Corporate and other Total Three Months Ended 31 March 2024 Sales $1,245.8 $779.7 $667.9 $35.7 $201.1 $2,930.2 (A) Operating income (loss) 371.9 203.6 201.0 5.6 (87.9) 694.2 (B) Depreciation and amortization 174.1 116.4 50.8 6.7 12.8 360.8 Equity affiliates' income 44.2 8.3 11.7 73.9 5.2 143.3 Three Months Ended 31 March 2023 Sales $1,373.1 $813.9 $752.9 $44.8 $215.4 $3,200.1 (A) Operating income (loss) 324.2 233.0 173.2 1.3 (86.3) 645.4 (B) Depreciation and amortization 161.7 110.0 48.3 6.6 13.0 339.6 Equity affiliates' income 28.1 7.3 29.5 98.9 2.1 165.9 (A) Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. (B) Refer to the "Reconciliation to Consolidated Results" section below. Americas Asia Europe Middle East and India Corporate and other Total Six Months Ended 31 March 2024 Sales $2,497.9 $1,573.5 $1,399.1 $71.1 $386.0 $5,927.6 (A) Operating income (loss) 726.3 414.8 398.6 9.5 (188.1) 1,361.1 (B) Depreciation and amortization 343.8 228.2 99.0 13.3 25.7 710.0 Equity affiliates' income 81.3 12.5 32.4 166.8 8.7 301.7 Six Months Ended 31 March 2023 Sales $2,757.3 $1,591.7 $1,544.8 $86.2 $394.8 $6,374.8 (A) Operating income (loss) 667.2 468.9 319.0 8.0 (165.7) 1,297.4 (B) Depreciation and amortization 317.7 211.9 92.6 13.2 25.7 661.1 Equity affiliates' income 44.5 14.7 47.2 163.0 6.5 275.9 Total Assets 31 March 2024 $11,372.6 $7,203.3 $5,113.2 $6,835.9 $5,396.7 $35,921.7 30 September 2023 9,927.5 7,009.6 4,649.8 5,708.4 4,707.2 32,002.5 (A) Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. (B) Refer to the "Reconciliation to Consolidated Results " section below. Reconciliation to Consolidated Results The table below reconciles total operating income disclosed in the table above to consolidated operating income as reflected on our consolidated income statements: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March Operating Income 2024 2023 2024 2023 Total $694.2 $645.4 $1,361.1 $1,297.4 Business and asset actions (57.0) (185.6) (57.0) (185.6) Consolidated Operating Income $637.2 $459.8 $1,304.1 $1,111.8

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income attributable to Air Products	$ 572.4	$ 439.8	$ 1,181.7	$ 1,012

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Basis of Presentation and Maj_2

Basis of Presentation and Major Accounting Policies (Policies)	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The interim consolidated financial statements of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. and its subsidiaries included herein have been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, the accompanying statements reflect adjustments necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for those periods indicated and contain adequate disclosures to make the information presented not misleading. Adjustments included herein are of a normal, recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed in the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements. To fully understand the basis of presentation, the interim consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 30 September 2023 (the " 2023 Form 10-K "), which was filed with the SEC on 16 November 2023. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year.

Variable Interest Entities (Tab

Variable Interest Entities (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Variable Interest Entities (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Variable Interest Entities	The table below summarizes balances associated with NGHC as reflected on our consolidated balance sheets: 31 March 30 September 2024 2023 Assets Cash and cash items $174.9 $78.2 Trade receivables, net 4.6 — Prepaid expenses 30.6 21.4 Other receivables and current assets 203.1 181.6 Total current assets $413.2 $281.2 Plant and equipment, net 2,358.5 1,396.1 Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 228.8 228.9 Other noncurrent assets 178.2 350.6 Total noncurrent assets $2,765.5 $1,975.6 Total assets $3,178.7 $2,256.8 Liabilities Payables and accrued liabilities $174.3 $141.0 Accrued income taxes 2.7 0.6 Short-term borrowings 162.7 — Total current liabilities $339.7 $141.6 Long-term debt 2,114.3 1,274.4 Noncurrent operating lease liabilities 19.5 18.9 Other noncurrent liabilities 11.8 2.1 Deferred income taxes 13.7 24.1 Total noncurrent liabilities $2,159.3 $1,319.5 Total liabilities $2,499.0 $1,461.1 Equity Accumulated other comprehensive income $46.1 $77.7 Noncontrolling interests 748.1 723.6

Business and Asset Actions (Tab

Business and Asset Actions (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Business and Asset Actions (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Summary of Carrying Amount of Accrual for Severance and Other Postemployment Benefits	The table below reconciles these charges to the carrying amount of the remaining accrual for unpaid benefits as of 31 March 2024. This balance primarily relates to the additional actions identified during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024. We expect to pay the majority of the remaining benefits over the next twelve months: Third quarter fiscal year 2023 charge $27.0 Cash payments (6.8) Currency translation adjustment (0.4) Amount accrued as of 30 September 2023 (A) $19.8 Second quarter fiscal year 2024 charge 57.0 Cash payments (16.9) Amount accrued as of 31 March 2024 (A) $59.9 (A) Reflected within "Payables and accrued liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets.

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Schedule of Consolidated Sales Disaggregated by Supply Mode	Disaggregation of Revenue The tables below present our consolidated sales disaggregated by supply mode for each of our reportable segments for the second quarter and first six months of fiscal years 2024 and 2023. We believe this presentation best depicts the nature, timing, type of customer, and contract terms for our sales. Three Months Ended 31 March 2024 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $695.5 $495.9 $194.5 $18.5 $— $1,404.4 48 % Merchant 550.3 283.8 473.4 17.2 — 1,324.7 45 % Sale of equipment — — — — 201.1 201.1 7 % Total $1,245.8 $779.7 $667.9 $35.7 $201.1 $2,930.2 100 % Three Months Ended 31 March 2023 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $801.9 $490.3 $259.4 $22.8 $— $1,574.4 49 % Merchant 571.2 323.6 493.5 22.0 — 1,410.3 44 % Sale of equipment — — — — 215.4 215.4 7 % Total $1,373.1 $813.9 $752.9 $44.8 $215.4 $3,200.1 100 % Six Months Ended 31 March 2024 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $1,409.6 $999.1 $453.7 $36.0 $— $2,898.4 48 % Merchant 1,088.3 574.4 945.4 35.1 — 2,643.2 45 % Sale of Equipment — — — — 386.0 386.0 7 % Total $2,497.9 $1,573.5 $1,399.1 $71.1 $386.0 $5,927.6 100 % Six Months Ended 31 March 2023 Americas Asia Europe Middle East Corporate Total % On-site $1,647.7 $948.0 $587.5 $41.6 $— $3,224.8 51 % Merchant 1,109.6 643.7 957.3 44.6 — 2,755.2 43 % Sale of Equipment — — — — 394.8 394.8 6 % Total $2,757.3 $1,591.7 $1,544.8 $86.2 $394.8 $6,374.8 100 % Interest income associated with financing and lease arrangements accounted for approximately 1% of our total consolidated sales during the three and six months ended 31 March 2024.
Schedule of Contract Assets and Liabilities	Contract Balances The table below details balances arising from contracts with customers: 31 March 30 September Balance Sheet Location 2024 2023 Assets Contract assets – current Other receivables and current assets $97.2 $124.7 Contract fulfillment costs – current Other receivables and current assets 109.8 89.0 Liabilities Contract liabilities – current Payables and accrued liabilities $396.1 $413.0 Contract liabilities – noncurrent Other noncurrent liabilities 133.1 136.9

Inventories (Tables)

Inventories (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Inventories (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Inventory	The components of inventories are as follows: 31 March 30 September 2024 2023 Finished goods $220.5 $211.6 Work in process 33.3 28.4 Raw materials, supplies, and other 467.4 411.8 Inventories $721.2 $651.8

Goodwill (Tables)

Goodwill (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Goodwill (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Goodwill	Changes to the carrying amount of consolidated goodwill by segment for the six months ended 31 March 2024 are as follows: Americas Asia Europe Middle East and India Corporate and other Total Goodwill, net as of 30 September 2023 $146.6 $171.9 $493.5 $15.8 $33.9 $861.7 Currency translation (3.9) 0.7 24.7 — — 21.5 Goodwill, net as of 31 March 2024 $142.7 $172.6 $518.2 $15.8 $33.9 $883.2 31 March 30 September 2024 2023 Goodwill, gross $1,152.8 $1,158.4 Accumulated impairment losses (A) (269.6) (296.7) Goodwill, net $883.2 $861.7 (A) We recorded impairment charges related to the Latin America reporting unit ("LASA") in the Americas segment in fiscal years 2017 and 2014. The balance of accumulated impairment losses fluctuates over time due to currency translation.

Financial Instruments (Tables)

Financial Instruments (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Financial Instruments (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Instruments	The table below summarizes our outstanding currency price risk management instruments: 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 US$ Years US$ Years Forward Exchange Contracts: Cash flow hedges $4,576.1 0.6 $4,463.2 0.7 Net investment hedges 884.4 2.0 864.0 2.5 Not designated 777.9 0.3 709.4 0.3 Total Forward Exchange Contracts $6,238.4 0.8 $6,036.6 0.9 The table below summarizes our 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 US$ Average Average Years US$ Average Average Years Interest rate swaps $800.0 SOFR 1.64 % 3.5 $800.0 SOFR 1.64 % 4.0 Interest rate swaps $1,740.3 2.82 % SOFR 21.6 $1,182.5 2.82 % SOFR 22.1 Cross currency interest rate swaps $29.0 5.39 % 3.64 % 0.7 $80.8 4.60 % 3.65 % 0.9 Cross currency interest rate swaps $449.3 5.02 % 2.82 % 2.3 $598.2 4.89 % 3.22 % 2.2 Cross currency interest rate swaps $22.4 5.39 % 3.64 % 0.7 $44.5 5.39 % 3.54 % 0.2
Schedule of Cumulative Basis Adjustments for Fair Value Hedges	The table below provides the amounts recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges: Carrying amounts of hedged item Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount 31 March 30 September 31 March 30 September Balance Sheet Location 2024 2023 2024 2023 Long-term debt $2,030.2 $2,011.4 ($62.6) ($80.5)
Schedule of Fair Value and Balance Sheet Location of Derivative Instruments	The table below summarizes the fair value and balance sheet location of our outstanding derivatives: Balance Sheet 31 March 30 September Balance Sheet 31 March 30 September Location 2024 2023 Location 2024 2023 Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward exchange contracts Other receivables and current assets $55.8 $50.2 Payables and accrued liabilities $66.7 $94.1 Interest rate management contracts Other receivables and current assets 7.2 13.0 Payables and accrued liabilities — — Forward exchange contracts Other noncurrent assets 9.0 19.8 Other noncurrent liabilities 16.3 25.7 Interest rate management contracts Other noncurrent assets 184.4 300.8 Other noncurrent liabilities 65.2 87.0 Total Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments $256.4 $383.8 $148.2 $206.8 Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward exchange contracts Other receivables and current assets $7.3 $6.4 Payables and accrued liabilities $4.2 $4.6 Interest rate management contracts Other receivables and current assets 1.4 3.9 Payables and accrued liabilities — — Forward exchange contracts Other noncurrent assets 0.1 — Other noncurrent liabilities 0.1 — Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments $8.8 $10.3 $4.3 $4.6 Total Derivatives $265.2 $394.1 $152.5 $211.4
Schedule of Gains and Losses Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income Related Net Investment and Cash Flow Hedges	The tables below summarize gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income during the period related to our net investment and cash flow hedging relationships: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Net Investment Hedging Relationships Forward exchange contracts $31.6 ($15.3) ($0.2) ($62.4) Foreign currency debt 48.2 (35.6) (41.7) (150.9) Cross currency interest rate swaps 0.8 (3.2) (1.1) (13.8) Total Amount Recognized in OCI 80.6 (54.1) (43.0) (227.1) Tax effects (19.6) 13.3 10.5 55.8 Net Amount Recognized in OCI $61.0 ($40.8) ($32.5) ($171.3) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships Forward exchange contracts ($63.5) $5.3 $51.6 $194.1 Forward exchange contracts, excluded components (3.4) (5.9) (12.4) (11.5) Other (A) 149.4 (14.6) (112.3) (38.6) Total Amount Recognized in OCI 82.5 (15.2) (73.1) 144.0 Tax effects (0.2) 0.6 (5.7) (37.6) Net Amount Recognized in OCI $82.3 ($14.6) ($78.8) $106.4 (A)
Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Income Related to Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges	The table below summarizes the location and amounts recognized in income related to our cash flow and fair value hedging relationships by contract type: Three Months Ended 31 March Sales Cost of Sales Interest Expense Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below $2,930.2 $3,200.1 $1,991.5 $2,282.8 $59.9 $40.9 ($9.2) ($13.9) (Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging: Forward Exchange Contracts: Amount reclassified from OCI into income ($0.4) $0.1 $0.5 $2.4 $— $— $48.3 ($6.1) Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach — — — — — — 5.3 3.3 Other: Amount reclassified from OCI into income — — — — 1.1 1.3 (9.4) 6.7 Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income (0.4) 0.1 0.5 2.4 1.1 1.3 44.2 3.9 Tax effects 0.1 — (0.1) (0.6) (0.4) (0.6) (10.2) (0.7) Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income ($0.3) $0.1 $0.4 $1.8 $0.7 $0.7 $34.0 $3.2 (Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging: Other: Hedged items $— $— $— $— ($8.2) $12.8 $— $— Derivatives designated as hedging instruments — — — — 8.2 (12.8) — — Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— Six Months Ended 31 March Sales Cost of Sales Interest Expense Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 2024 2023 Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below $5,927.6 $6,374.8 $4,058.7 $4,555.1 $113.4 $82.1 ($24.0) ($14.5) (Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging: Forward Exchange Contracts: Amount reclassified from OCI into income ($0.1) $0.1 $1.8 $3.6 $— $— ($26.6) ($123.9) Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach — — — — — — 11.0 5.3 Other: Amount reclassified from OCI into income — — — — 2.4 2.8 1.9 29.4 Total (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income (0.1) 0.1 1.8 3.6 2.4 2.8 (13.7) (89.2) Tax effects — — (0.4) (0.8) (0.9) (1.1) 3.5 21.7 Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income ($0.1) $0.1 $1.4 $2.8 $1.5 $1.7 ($10.2) ($67.5) (Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging: Other: Hedged items $— $— $— $— $17.9 $17.2 $— $— Derivatives designated as hedging instruments — — — — (17.9) (17.2) — — Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $—
Schedule of Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as a Hedging Instrument	The tables below summarize the location and amounts recognized in income related to our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments by contract type: Three Months Ended 31 March Other Income (Expense), Net Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward Exchange Contracts ($2.9) $0.7 $0.3 ($1.1) Other — — (0.7) 0.8 Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income ($2.9) $0.7 ($0.4) ($0.3) Six Months Ended 31 March Other Income (Expense), Net Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 2024 2023 The Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: Forward Exchange Contracts $0.3 $1.3 ($0.9) ($2.7) Other — — 0.1 1.9 Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income $0.3 $1.3 ($0.8) ($0.8)

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Schedule of Carrying Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments	The carrying values and fair values of financial instruments were as follows: 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Assets Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $72.2 $72.2 $76.4 $76.4 Interest rate management contracts 193.0 193.0 317.7 317.7 Liabilities Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $87.3 $87.3 $124.4 $124.4 Interest rate management contracts 65.2 65.2 87.0 87.0 Long-term debt, including current portion and related party 13,437.4 12,936.0 10,046.3 9,173.5
Schedule of Fair Value Assets and Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis	The table below summarizes assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis: 31 March 2024 30 September 2023 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets at Fair Value Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $72.2 $— $72.2 $— $76.4 $— $76.4 $— Interest rate management contracts 193.0 — 193.0 — 317.7 — 317.7 — Total Assets at Fair Value $265.2 $— $265.2 $— $394.1 $— $394.1 $— Liabilities at Fair Value Derivatives Forward exchange contracts $87.3 $— $87.3 $— $124.4 $— $124.4 $— Interest rate management contracts 65.2 — 65.2 — 87.0 — 87.0 — Total Liabilities at Fair Value $152.5 $— $152.5 $— $211.4 $— $211.4 $—

Debt (Tables)

Debt (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Debt (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Interest Rate, Maturity, and Carrying Amount of Senior Notes	The interest rate, maturity, and carrying amount as of 31 March 2024 for each of these notes are summarized in the table below: Fiscal Year 31 March 2024 Senior Note 4.600% 2029 $750.0 Senior Note 4.750% 2031 600.0 Senior Note 4.850% 2034 1,150.0 Total $2,500.0

Retirement Benefits (Tables)

Retirement Benefits (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Retirement Benefits (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Schedule of Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	The components of net periodic cost for our defined benefit pension plans for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Pension Benefits 2024 2023 Three Months Ended 31 March U.S. International Total U.S. International Total Service cost $2.4 $2.8 $5.2 $2.8 $3.0 $5.8 Non-service cost: Interest cost 33.7 15.0 48.7 32.5 14.9 47.4 Expected return on plan assets (30.0) (11.9) (41.9) (31.8) (12.2) (44.0) Prior service cost amortization 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 Actuarial loss amortization 14.3 3.2 17.5 15.0 3.0 18.0 Settlements — 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 1.1 Other — 0.1 0.1 — 0.2 0.2 Net Periodic Cost $20.7 $9.7 $30.4 $19.7 $9.2 $28.9 Pension Benefits 2024 2023 Six Months Ended 31 March U.S. International Total U.S. International Total Service cost $4.8 $5.6 $10.4 $5.5 $6.3 $11.8 Non-service cost: Interest cost 67.4 29.8 97.2 65.0 29.3 94.3 Expected return on plan assets (60.0) (23.5) (83.5) (63.6) (24.0) (87.6) Prior service cost amortization 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 Actuarial loss amortization 28.6 6.4 35.0 29.8 6.0 35.8 Settlements — 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 1.1 Curtailments — — — — (1.9) (1.9) Other — 0.2 0.2 — 0.5 0.5 Net Periodic Cost $41.4 $19.2 $60.6 $38.2 $16.5 $54.7

Share-Based Compensation (Table

Share-Based Compensation (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Share-Based Compensation (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Schedule of Recognized Share-Based Compensation Cost	Share-based compensation cost recognized on the consolidated income statements is summarized below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Before-tax share-based compensation cost $14.8 $15.5 $28.4 $32.4 Income tax benefit (3.6) (3.9) (6.9) (7.9) After-tax share-based compensation cost $11.2 $11.6 $21.5 $24.5
Schedule of Assumptions for Fair Value of Market-Based Deferred Stock Units	The calculation of the fair value of market-based deferred stock units used the following assumptions: Expected volatility 25.0 % Risk-free interest rate 4.3 % Expected dividend yield 2.6 %

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	The tables below summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL"), net of tax, attributable to Air Products for the three and six months ended 31 March 2024: Derivatives Foreign Pension and Total Balance at 31 December 2023 $11.9 ($1,548.7) ($583.5) ($2,120.3) Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 82.3 (223.8) — (141.5) Amounts reclassified from AOCL 34.8 — 13.6 48.4 Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) 117.1 (223.8) 13.6 (93.1) Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests 75.6 (13.2) 0.1 62.5 Balance at 31 March 2024 $53.4 ($1,759.3) ($570.0) ($2,275.9) Derivatives Foreign Pension and Total Balance at 30 September 2023 $61.1 ($1,913.3) ($597.2) ($2,449.4) Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (78.8) 156.8 — 78.0 Amounts reclassified from AOCL (7.4) — 27.3 19.9 Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income (86.2) 156.8 27.3 97.9 Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests (78.5) 2.8 0.1 (75.6) Balance at 31 March 2024 $53.4 ($1,759.3) ($570.0) ($2,275.9)
Schedule of Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	The table below summarizes the reclassifications out of AOCL and the affected line item on the consolidated income statements: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Loss (Gain) on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax Sales ($0.3) $0.1 ($0.1) $0.1 Cost of sales 0.4 1.8 1.4 2.8 Interest expense 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.7 Other non-operating income (expense), net 34.0 3.2 (10.2) (67.5) Total Loss (Gain) on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax $34.8 $5.8 ($7.4) ($62.9) Currency Translation Adjustment Business and asset actions $— ($0.3) $— ($0.3) Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax (A) $13.6 $14.4 $27.3 $26.3 (A) The components of net periodic benefit/cost reclassified out of AOCL include items such as prior service cost amortization, actuarial loss amortization, settlements, and curtailments and are included in “Other non-operating income (expense), net” on the consolidated income statements. Refer to Note 11, Retirement Benefits , for additional information.

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

Earnings Per Share (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Earnings Per Share (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	The table below details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"): Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March 2024 2023 2024 2023 Numerator Net income attributable to Air Products $572.4 $439.8 $1,181.7 $1,012.0 Denominator (in millions) Weighted average common shares — Basic 222.5 222.3 222.5 222.3 Effect of dilutive securities Employee stock option and other award plans 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 Weighted average common shares — Diluted 222.7 222.7 222.8 222.7 Per Share Data (U.S. Dollars per share) Basic EPS attributable to Air Products $2.57 $1.98 $5.31 $4.55 Diluted EPS attributable to Air Products $2.57 $1.97 $5.30 $4.54

Business Segment Information (T

Business Segment Information (Tables)	6 Months Ended
Business Segment Information (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment	Summary by Business Segment Americas Asia Europe Middle East and India Corporate and other Total Three Months Ended 31 March 2024 Sales $1,245.8 $779.7 $667.9 $35.7 $201.1 $2,930.2 (A) Operating income (loss) 371.9 203.6 201.0 5.6 (87.9) 694.2 (B) Depreciation and amortization 174.1 116.4 50.8 6.7 12.8 360.8 Equity affiliates' income 44.2 8.3 11.7 73.9 5.2 143.3 Three Months Ended 31 March 2023 Sales $1,373.1 $813.9 $752.9 $44.8 $215.4 $3,200.1 (A) Operating income (loss) 324.2 233.0 173.2 1.3 (86.3) 645.4 (B) Depreciation and amortization 161.7 110.0 48.3 6.6 13.0 339.6 Equity affiliates' income 28.1 7.3 29.5 98.9 2.1 165.9 (A) Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. (B) Refer to the "Reconciliation to Consolidated Results" section below. Americas Asia Europe Middle East and India Corporate and other Total Six Months Ended 31 March 2024 Sales $2,497.9 $1,573.5 $1,399.1 $71.1 $386.0 $5,927.6 (A) Operating income (loss) 726.3 414.8 398.6 9.5 (188.1) 1,361.1 (B) Depreciation and amortization 343.8 228.2 99.0 13.3 25.7 710.0 Equity affiliates' income 81.3 12.5 32.4 166.8 8.7 301.7 Six Months Ended 31 March 2023 Sales $2,757.3 $1,591.7 $1,544.8 $86.2 $394.8 $6,374.8 (A) Operating income (loss) 667.2 468.9 319.0 8.0 (165.7) 1,297.4 (B) Depreciation and amortization 317.7 211.9 92.6 13.2 25.7 661.1 Equity affiliates' income 44.5 14.7 47.2 163.0 6.5 275.9 Total Assets 31 March 2024 $11,372.6 $7,203.3 $5,113.2 $6,835.9 $5,396.7 $35,921.7 30 September 2023 9,927.5 7,009.6 4,649.8 5,708.4 4,707.2 32,002.5 (A) Sales relate to external customers only. All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation. (B) Refer to the "Reconciliation to Consolidated Results "
Reconciliation of Segments to Consolidated Operating Income	The table below reconciles total operating income disclosed in the table above to consolidated operating income as reflected on our consolidated income statements: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 31 March 31 March Operating Income 2024 2023 2024 2023 Total $694.2 $645.4 $1,361.1 $1,297.4 Business and asset actions (57.0) (185.6) (57.0) (185.6) Consolidated Operating Income $637.2 $459.8 $1,304.1 $1,111.8

Variable Interest Entities - NG

Variable Interest Entities - NGHC Joint Venture (Details) - Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary - NEOM Green Hydrogen Company - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	May 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Value of engineering, procurement, and construction agreement	$ 6,700
Voting interest in joint venture		33.30%
Nonrecourse
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Long-term debt, principal amount		$ 2,482.4	$ 1,364.8
NEOM Green Hydrogen Project Financing, Primary \| Nonrecourse
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Project financing maximum borrowing capacity		$ 6,100
Amount of expected debt funding (percent)		73%
NEOM Green Hydrogen Project Financing, Working Capital \| Nonrecourse
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Project financing maximum borrowing capacity		$ 500
Saudi Riyal Loan Facility Two Point Zero Percent due 2040 \| Nonrecourse
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Long-term debt, principal amount		$ 620
Interest rate, fixed percentage		2%

Variable Interest Entities - By

Variable Interest Entities - By Balance Sheet Items (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash items		$ 2,535	$ 1,617
Trade receivables, net		1,715.8	1,700.4
Prepaid expenses		263.3	177
Other receivables and current assets		719.2	722.1
Total Current Assets		6,057.3	5,200.5
Plant and equipment, net		20,000.5	17,472.1
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		998.8	974
Other noncurrent assets		1,236.4	1,229.9
Total noncurrent assets		29,864.4	26,802
Total assets	[1]	35,921.7	32,002.5
Payables and accrued liabilities		2,783	2,890.1
Accrued income taxes		156.2	131.2
Short-term borrowings		184.3	259.5
Total Current Liabilities		4,061	3,895.8
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		652.1	631.1
Other noncurrent liabilities		1,092.5	1,118
Deferred income taxes		1,281.3	1,266
Total noncurrent liabilities		15,525.8	12,446.4
Total Liabilities	[1]	19,586.8	16,342.2
Accumulated other comprehensive income		(2,275.9)	(2,449.4)
Noncontrolling interests	[1]	1,421.5	1,347.4
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary \| NEOM Green Hydrogen Company
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash items		174.9	78.2
Trade receivables, net		4.6	0
Prepaid expenses		30.6	21.4
Other receivables and current assets		203.1	181.6
Total Current Assets		413.2	281.2
Plant and equipment, net		2,358.5	1,396.1
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		228.8	228.9
Other noncurrent assets		178.2	350.6
Total noncurrent assets		2,765.5	1,975.6
Total assets		3,178.7	2,256.8
Payables and accrued liabilities		174.3	141
Accrued income taxes		2.7	0.6
Short-term borrowings		162.7	0
Total Current Liabilities		339.7	141.6
Long-term debt		2,114.3	1,274.4
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		19.5	18.9
Other noncurrent liabilities		11.8	2.1
Deferred income taxes		13.7	24.1
Total noncurrent liabilities		2,159.3	1,319.5
Total Liabilities		2,499	1,461.1
Accumulated other comprehensive income		46.1	77.7
Noncontrolling interests		$ 748.1	$ 723.6

[1] Includes balances associated with a consolidated variable interest entity ("VIE"), including amounts reflected in "Total Assets" that can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE of $3,178.7 and $2,256.8 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively, as well as liabilities of the VIE reflected within "Total Liabilities" for which creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Air Products of $2,499.0 and $1,461.1 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. Refer to Note 3, Variable Interest Entities , for additional information regarding the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture.

Variable Interest Entities - JI

Variable Interest Entities - JIGPC Joint Venture (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Jazan Integrated Gasification and Power Company ("JIGPC")
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership interest percentage		55%
Investment balance		$ 2,876.2	$ 2,862.2
Jazan Integrated Gasification and Power Company ("JIGPC") \| Non- controlling Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership percentage attributable to noncontrolling partner (in percent)		4%
Jazan Integrated Gasification and Power Company ("JIGPC") \| Aramco
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Term of project agreement (in years)	25 years

Variable Interest Entities - Wo

Variable Interest Entities - World Energy (Details) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2023 renewal	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Financing receivables		$ 1,209.6	$ 817.2
Sustainable Aviation Fuel Facility - World Energy, LLC \| Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Financing receivables		300
Term of project agreement (in years)	15 years
Number of renewal terms of project agreement \| renewal	2
Project agreement, renewal term (in years)	5 years
Variable interest entity, reporting entity involvement, maximum loss exposure, amount		2,000
Sustainable Aviation Fuel Facility - World Energy, LLC \| Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary \| Financing Receivable [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Variable interest entity, reporting entity involvement, maximum loss exposure, amount		300
Sustainable Aviation Fuel Facility - World Energy, LLC \| Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary \| Purchase Commitment
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Variable interest entity, reporting entity involvement, maximum loss exposure, amount		285
Sustainable Aviation Fuel Facility - World Energy, LLC \| Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary \| Property, Plant and Equipment
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Variable interest entity, reporting entity involvement, maximum loss exposure, amount		$ 1,400

Business and Asset Actions - Na

Business and Asset Actions - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Business and asset actions	$ 57	$ 185.6	$ 57	$ 185.6
Business and asset actions attributable to Air Products after tax	$ 43.8	$ 153.7	$ 43.8	$ 153.7

Business and Asset Actions - Gl

Business and Asset Actions - Global Cost Reduction Plan (Details) position in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) position	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Charge for severance and other postemployment benefits	$ 57	$ 27	$ 57	$ 27
Number of employees to whom involuntary termination benefits are payable \| position	1,100
Cash payments			(16.9)	(6.8)
Currency translation adjustment				(0.4)
Amount accrued	$ 59.9		$ 59.9	$ 19.8

Business and Asset Actions - As

Business and Asset Actions - Asset Actions (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Noncash charge to write off assets	$ 185.6

Revenue Recognition (Disaggrega

Revenue Recognition (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 2,930.2	$ 3,200.1	$ 5,927.6	$ 6,374.8
Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 2,930.2	$ 3,200.1	$ 5,927.6	$ 6,374.8
Percent sales by supply mode	100%	100%	100%	100%
Americas \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 1,245.8	$ 1,373.1	$ 2,497.9	$ 2,757.3
Asia \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	779.7	813.9	1,573.5	1,591.7
Europe \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	667.9	752.9	1,399.1	1,544.8
Middle East and India \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	35.7	44.8	71.1	86.2
Corporate and other \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	201.1	215.4	386	394.8
On-site \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 1,404.4	$ 1,574.4	$ 2,898.4	$ 3,224.8
Percent sales by supply mode	48%	49%	48%	51%
On-site \| Americas \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 695.5	$ 801.9	$ 1,409.6	$ 1,647.7
On-site \| Asia \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	495.9	490.3	999.1	948
On-site \| Europe \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	194.5	259.4	453.7	587.5
On-site \| Middle East and India \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	18.5	22.8	36	41.6
On-site \| Corporate and other \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0	0	0	0
Merchant \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 1,324.7	$ 1,410.3	$ 2,643.2	$ 2,755.2
Percent sales by supply mode	45%	44%	45%	43%
Merchant \| Americas \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 550.3	$ 571.2	$ 1,088.3	$ 1,109.6
Merchant \| Asia \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	283.8	323.6	574.4	643.7
Merchant \| Europe \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	473.4	493.5	945.4	957.3
Merchant \| Middle East and India \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	17.2	22	35.1	44.6
Merchant \| Corporate and other \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0	0	0	0
Sale of Equipment \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 201.1	$ 215.4	$ 386	$ 394.8
Percent sales by supply mode	7%	7%	7%	6%
Sale of Equipment \| Americas \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Sale of Equipment \| Asia \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0	0	0	0
Sale of Equipment \| Europe \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0	0	0	0
Sale of Equipment \| Middle East and India \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	0	0	0	0
Sale of Equipment \| Corporate and other \| Operating Segments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Sales	$ 201.1	$ 215.4	$ 386	$ 394.8

Revenue Recognition (Remaining

Revenue Recognition (Remaining Performance Obligations) (Details) $ in Billions	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations	$ 27
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Percentage of remaining performance obligation	50%
Estimated timing of recognition of performance obligation	5 years
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2029-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Percentage of remaining performance obligation	50%
Estimated timing of recognition of performance obligation

Revenue Recognition (Contract A

Revenue Recognition (Contract Assets and Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Contract assets - current	$ 97.2	$ 124.7
Contract fulfillment costs - current	109.8	89
Contract liabilities - current	396.1	413
Contract liabilities - noncurrent	133.1	$ 136.9
Revenue recognized that was previously included in current contract liabilities	$ 195

Revenue Recognition - Narrative

Revenue Recognition - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue Benchmark \| Revenue Source Concentration Risk \| Financing And Lease Arrangment
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk (in percent)	1%	1%

Inventories (Schedule of Invent

Inventories (Schedule of Inventory) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Finished goods	$ 220.5	$ 211.6
Work in process	33.3	28.4
Raw materials, supplies, and other	467.4	411.8
Inventories	$ 721.2	$ 651.8

Goodwill (Schedule of Goodwill

Goodwill (Schedule of Goodwill by Segment) (Details) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	$ 861.7
Currency translation	21.5
Goodwill, net, ending balance	883.2
Americas
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	146.6
Currency translation	(3.9)
Goodwill, net, ending balance	142.7
Asia
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	171.9
Currency translation	0.7
Goodwill, net, ending balance	172.6
Europe
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	493.5
Currency translation	24.7
Goodwill, net, ending balance	518.2
Middle East and India
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	15.8
Currency translation	0
Goodwill, net, ending balance	15.8
Corporate and other
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net, beginning balance	33.9
Currency translation	0
Goodwill, net, ending balance	$ 33.9

Goodwill (Schedule of Accumulat

Goodwill (Schedule of Accumulated Impairment Losses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, gross	$ 1,152.8	$ 1,158.4
Goodwill, net	883.2	861.7
Americas
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, accumulated impairment losses	(269.6)	(296.7)
Goodwill, net	$ 142.7	$ 146.6

Financial Instruments (Narrativ

Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details) € in Millions	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Details) € in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024 EUR (€)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 EUR (€)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Derivative [Line Items]
Net liability position of derivatives with credit risk-related contingent features		$ 72,200,000		$ 94,200,000
Collateral posted on liability positions with credit risk-related contingent features		0
Collateral amount that counterparties would be required to post		$ 225,500,000		345,000,000
Forward exchange contracts \| Cash flow hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum remaining maturity of foreign currency derivatives	2 years 7 months 6 days	2 years 7 months 6 days
Foreign currency debt \| Euro Denominated
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount included in designated foreign currency denominated debt	€ 1,939.5	$ 2,092,700,000	€ 1,938.6	$ 2,049,700,000

Financial Instruments (Currency

Financial Instruments (Currency Price Risk Management Instruments) (Details) - Forward exchange contracts - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 6,238.4	$ 6,036.6
Years Average Maturity	9 months 18 days	10 months 24 days
Designated as hedging instrument \| Cash flow hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 4,576.1	$ 4,463.2
Years Average Maturity	7 months 6 days	8 months 12 days
Designated as hedging instrument \| Net investment hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 884.4	$ 864
Years Average Maturity	2 years	2 years 6 months
Not designated as hedging instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 777.9	$ 709.4
Years Average Maturity	3 months 18 days	3 months 18 days

Financial Instruments (Interest

Financial Instruments (Interest Rate Management Contracts and Cross Currency Interest Rate Swaps) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Interest Rate Swaps Contracts \| Designated as hedging instrument \| Fair Value Hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 800	$ 800
Average Pay %	SOFR	SOFR
Average Receive %	1.64%	1.64%
Years Average Maturity	3 years 6 months	4 years
Interest Rate Swaps Contracts \| Designated as hedging instrument \| Cash flow hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 1,740.3	$ 1,182.5
Average Pay %	2.82%	2.82%
Average Receive %	SOFR	SOFR
Years Average Maturity	21 years 7 months 6 days	22 years 1 month 6 days
Cross currency interest rate swaps \| Designated as hedging instrument \| Net investment hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 29	$ 80.8
Average Pay %	5.39%	4.60%
Average Receive %	3.64%	3.65%
Years Average Maturity	8 months 12 days	10 months 24 days
Cross currency interest rate swaps \| Designated as hedging instrument \| Cash flow hedges
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 449.3	$ 598.2
Average Pay %	5.02%	4.89%
Average Receive %	2.82%	3.22%
Years Average Maturity	2 years 3 months 18 days	2 years 2 months 12 days
Cross currency interest rate swaps \| Not designated as hedging instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
US$ Notional	$ 22.4	$ 44.5
Average Pay %	5.39%	5.39%
Average Receive %	3.64%	3.54%
Years Average Maturity	8 months 12 days	2 months 12 days

Financial Instruments (Carrying

Financial Instruments (Carrying Amount and Cumulative Hedging Adjustment) (Details) - Long-term debt - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Carrying amounts of hedged item	$ 2,030.2	$ 2,011.4
Cumulative hedging adjustment, included in carrying amount	$ (62.6)	$ (80.5)

Financial Instruments (Fair Val

Financial Instruments (Fair Value and Balance Sheet Location of Derivatives) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	$ 265.2	$ 394.1
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	152.5	211.4
Designated as hedging instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	256.4	383.8
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	148.2	206.8
Designated as hedging instrument \| Other Receivables and Current Assets \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	55.8	50.2
Designated as hedging instrument \| Other Receivables and Current Assets \| Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	7.2	13
Designated as hedging instrument \| Other Noncurrent Assets \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	9	19.8
Designated as hedging instrument \| Other Noncurrent Assets \| Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	184.4	300.8
Designated as hedging instrument \| Payables and Accrued Liabilities \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	66.7	94.1
Designated as hedging instrument \| Payables and Accrued Liabilities \| Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	0	0
Designated as hedging instrument \| Other Noncurrent Liabilities \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	16.3	25.7
Designated as hedging instrument \| Other Noncurrent Liabilities \| Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	65.2	87
Not designated as hedging instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	8.8	10.3
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	4.3	4.6
Not designated as hedging instrument \| Other Receivables and Current Assets \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	7.3	6.4
Not designated as hedging instrument \| Other Receivables and Current Assets \| Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	1.4	3.9
Not designated as hedging instrument \| Other Noncurrent Assets \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Assets	0.1	0
Not designated as hedging instrument \| Payables and Accrued Liabilities \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	4.2	4.6
Not designated as hedging instrument \| Payables and Accrued Liabilities \| Interest Rate Management Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	0	0
Not designated as hedging instrument \| Other Noncurrent Liabilities \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Derivatives, Liabilities	$ 0.1	$ 0

Financial Instruments (Gains an

Financial Instruments (Gains and Losses Recognized In Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Tax effects	$ (16.7)	$ 10.6	$ 13.1	$ 48.6
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	(223.8)	51	156.8	560.6
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Tax effects	(0.2)	0.6	(5.7)	(37.6)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	82.3	(14.6)	(78.8)	106.4
Net investment hedges
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	80.6	(54.1)	(43)	(227.1)
Tax effects	(19.6)	13.3	10.5	55.8
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	61	(40.8)	(32.5)	(171.3)
Net investment hedges \| Forward exchange contracts
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	31.6	(15.3)	(0.2)	(62.4)
Net investment hedges \| Foreign currency debt
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	48.2	(35.6)	(41.7)	(150.9)
Net investment hedges \| Cross currency interest rate swaps
Net Investment Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	0.8	(3.2)	(1.1)	(13.8)
Cash flow hedges
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	82.5	(15.2)	(73.1)	144
Tax effects	(0.2)	0.6	(5.7)	(37.6)
Net Amount Recognized in OCI	82.3	(14.6)	(78.8)	106.4
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(63.5)	5.3	51.6	194.1
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts, excluded components
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	(3.4)	(5.9)	(12.4)	(11.5)
Cash flow hedges \| Other
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Total Amount Recognized in OCI	$ 149.4	$ (14.6)	$ (112.3)	$ (38.6)

Financial Instruments (Cash Flo

Financial Instruments (Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges Location and Amounts Recognized) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Total presented in consolidated income statements that includes effects of hedging below
Sales	$ 2,930.2	$ 3,200.1	$ 5,927.6	$ 6,374.8
Cost of sales	1,991.5	2,282.8	4,058.7	4,555.1
Interest expense	59.9	40.9	113.4	82.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	(9.2)	(13.9)	(24)	(14.5)
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Tax effects	(10.6)	(1.9)	2.2	19.8
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	34.8	5.8	(7.4)	(62.9)
Cash flow hedges \| Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	(0.4)	0.1	(0.1)	0.1
Tax effects	0.1	0	0	0
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	(0.3)	0.1	(0.1)	0.1
Cash flow hedges \| Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.5	2.4	1.8	3.6
Tax effects	(0.1)	(0.6)	(0.4)	(0.8)
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.4	1.8	1.4	2.8
Cash flow hedges \| Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	1.1	1.3	2.4	2.8
Tax effects	(0.4)	(0.6)	(0.9)	(1.1)
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	0.7	0.7	1.5	1.7
Cash flow hedges \| Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	44.2	3.9	(13.7)	(89.2)
Tax effects	(10.2)	(0.7)	3.5	21.7
Net (Gain) Loss Reclassified from OCI to Income	34	3.2	(10.2)	(67.5)
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts \| Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	(0.4)	0.1	(0.1)	0.1
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts \| Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0.5	2.4	1.8	3.6
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts \| Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0	0	0	0
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts \| Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	48.3	(6.1)	(26.6)	(123.9)
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts, excluded components \| Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	0	0	0	0
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts, excluded components \| Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	0	0	0	0
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts, excluded components \| Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	0	0	0	0
Cash flow hedges \| Forward exchange contracts, excluded components \| Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings based on amortization approach	5.3	3.3	11	5.3
Cash flow hedges \| Other \| Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0	0	0	0
Cash flow hedges \| Other \| Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	0	0	0	0
Cash flow hedges \| Other \| Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	1.1	1.3	2.4	2.8
Cash flow hedges \| Other \| Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Cash Flow Hedging:
Amount reclassified from OCI into income	(9.4)	6.7	1.9	29.4
Fair Value Hedges \| Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0	0	0	0
Fair Value Hedges \| Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0	0	0	0
Fair Value Hedges \| Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0	0	0	0
Fair Value Hedges \| Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0	0	0	0
Fair Value Hedges \| Other \| Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	0	0	0	0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0	0	0	0
Fair Value Hedges \| Other \| Cost of Sales
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	0	0	0	0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0	0	0	0
Fair Value Hedges \| Other \| Interest Expense
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	(8.2)	12.8	17.9	17.2
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	8.2	(12.8)	(17.9)	(17.2)
Fair Value Hedges \| Other \| Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
(Gain) Loss Effects of Fair Value Hedging:
Hedged items	0	0	0	0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Financial Instruments (Effects

Financial Instruments (Effects of Derivatives Not Designated as a Hedging Instrument) (Details) - Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Other Income (Expense), Net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$ (2.9)	$ 0.7	$ 0.3	$ 1.3
Other Income (Expense), Net \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	(2.9)	0.7	0.3	1.3
Other Income (Expense), Net \| Other
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0	0	0	0
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	(0.4)	(0.3)	(0.8)	(0.8)
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net \| Forward exchange contracts
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	0.3	(1.1)	(0.9)	(2.7)
Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net \| Other
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total (Gain) Loss Recognized in Income	$ (0.7)	$ 0.8	$ 0.1	$ 1.9

Fair Value Measurements (Schedu

Fair Value Measurements (Schedule of the Carrying Values and Fair Values of Financial Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party, carrying value	$ 13,437.4	$ 10,046.3
Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Long-term debt, including current portion and related party, fair value	12,936	9,173.5
Forward exchange contracts \| Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	72.2	76.4
Derivative liabilities	87.3	124.4
Forward exchange contracts \| Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	72.2	76.4
Derivative liabilities	87.3	124.4
Interest Rate Management Contracts \| Carrying Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	193	317.7
Derivative liabilities	65.2	87
Interest Rate Management Contracts \| Fair Value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	193	317.7
Derivative liabilities	$ 65.2	$ 87

Fair Value Measurements (Sche_2

Fair Value Measurements (Schedule of Recurring Fair Value Measurements) (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	$ 265.2	$ 394.1
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	152.5	211.4
Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	0	0
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	0	0
Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	265.2	394.1
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	152.5	211.4
Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets at Fair Value	0	0
Total Liabilities at Fair Value	0	0
Forward exchange contracts
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	72.2	76.4
Derivative liabilities	87.3	124.4
Forward exchange contracts \| Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Forward exchange contracts \| Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	72.2	76.4
Derivative liabilities	87.3	124.4
Forward exchange contracts \| Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Interest Rate Management Contracts
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	193	317.7
Derivative liabilities	65.2	87
Interest Rate Management Contracts \| Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Interest Rate Management Contracts \| Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	193	317.7
Derivative liabilities	65.2	87
Interest Rate Management Contracts \| Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Derivative assets	0	0
Derivative liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

Debt (Issuance of Green Senior

Debt (Issuance of Green Senior Notes) (Details) - Senior Notes - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Feb. 06, 2024
Green Bonds
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount		$ 2,500
Deferred financing charges and discounts		$ 20
Long-term debt, principal amount	$ 2,500
Senior Note Four Point Six Percent, Green Bonds
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (percent)	4.60%
Long-term debt, principal amount	$ 750
Senior Note Four Point Seven Five Percent, Green Bonds
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (percent)	4.75%
Long-term debt, principal amount	$ 600
Senior Note Four Point Eight Five Percent, Green Bonds
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (percent)	4.85%
Long-term debt, principal amount	$ 1,150

Debt (Credit Facilities) (Detai

Debt (Credit Facilities) (Details) - Revolving credit agreement - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 28, 2024
Credit Agreement 2024 \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument term	5 years
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 3,000,000,000	$ 3,000,000,000
Credit facility, amount borrowed and outstanding	$ 0	0
364-Day Agreement \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument term	364 days
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 500,000,000	500,000,000
Credit facility, amount borrowed and outstanding	$ 0	0
Credit Agreement 2021 \| Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 2,750,000,000
Credit facility, amount borrowed and outstanding			$ 0
Credit facility, early termination fee		$ 0

Debt (Related Party Debt) (Deta

Debt (Related Party Debt) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current portion of long-term debt	$ 937.5	$ 615
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Total debt	289.8	328.3
Current portion of long-term debt	$ 134.6	$ 177.6

Retirement Benefits (Narrative)

Retirement Benefits (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Company contributions			$ 19.2	$ 15.4	$ 32.6
Defined Benefit Pension Plan \| Minimum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Total expected contributions for current fiscal year	$ 35		35
Defined Benefit Pension Plan \| Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Total expected contributions for current fiscal year	45		45
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Amortization of actuarial gain	$ 0.2	$ 0.4	$ 0.3	$ 1

Retirement Benefits (Schedule o

Retirement Benefits (Schedule of Net Periodic Benefit Cost) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) Excluding Service Cost, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]			Other non-operating income (expense), net	Other non-operating income (expense), net
Pension Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 5.2	$ 5.8	$ 10.4	$ 11.8
Interest cost	48.7	47.4	97.2	94.3
Expected return on plan assets	(41.9)	(44)	(83.5)	(87.6)
Prior service cost amortization	0.6	0.4	1.1	0.7
Actuarial loss amortization	17.5	18	35	35.8
Settlements	0.2	1.1	0.2	1.1
Curtailments			0	(1.9)
Other	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.5
Net Periodic Cost	30.4	28.9	60.6	54.7
U.S. \| Pension Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	2.4	2.8	4.8	5.5
Interest cost	33.7	32.5	67.4	65
Expected return on plan assets	(30)	(31.8)	(60)	(63.6)
Prior service cost amortization	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.6
Actuarial loss amortization	14.3	15	28.6	29.8
Settlements	0	0.9	0	0.9
Curtailments			0	0
Other	0	0	0	0
Net Periodic Cost	20.7	19.7	41.4	38.2
International \| Pension Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	2.8	3	5.6	6.3
Interest cost	15	14.9	29.8	29.3
Expected return on plan assets	(11.9)	(12.2)	(23.5)	(24)
Prior service cost amortization	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.1
Actuarial loss amortization	3.2	3	6.4	6
Settlements	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Curtailments			0	(1.9)
Other	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.5
Net Periodic Cost	$ 9.7	$ 9.2	$ 19.2	$ 16.5

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Litigation and Environmental - Narrative) (Details) R$ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2010 BRL (R$)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 BRL (R$) site	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) site	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Alleged Anticompete Litigation
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Civil fines imposed	R$ 179.2		$ 36,000,000
Provision for litigation			0
Maximum of loss contingency range subject to interest				R$ 179.2	$ 36,000,000
Environmental
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Approximate number of sites on which settlement has not been reached \| site				27	27
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies					$ 62,200,000	$ 64,500,000
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, maximum payout period				26 years	26 years
Environmental \| Minimum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Estimate of possible exposure from environmental loss contingencies					$ 62,000,000
Environmental \| Maximum
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Estimate of possible exposure from environmental loss contingencies					$ 75,000,000
Disputed energy management charges
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Provision for litigation		$ 0	$ 0

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies (Pace, Piedmont, Pasadena - Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2012 USD ($) surfaceImpoundmentUnit	Sep. 30, 2006 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Environmental
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies				$ 62.2	$ 64.5
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies, maximum payout period				26 years
Pace, Florida
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies			$ 42	$ 36.3
Change in estimated exposure	$ 19
Pace, Florida \| Discontinued operations
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Pretax environmental expense	$ 19		$ 42
Pasadena, Texas
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrual for environmental loss contingencies				$ 10.4
Number of closed facilities \| surfaceImpoundmentUnit		2
Total anticipated exposure		$ 13

Share-Based Compensation (Narra

Share-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details)	6 Months Ended
Share-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Market-Based Deferred Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of units/shares granted	102,120
Performance period	3 years
Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per unit/share) \| $ / shares	$ 302.10
Time-Based Deferred Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of units/shares granted	139,425
Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per unit/share) \| $ / shares	$ 272.05
LTIP
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for future grant	1,000,000

Share-Based Compensation (Compe

Share-Based Compensation (Compensation Cost Recognized in Income Statement) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Additional Disclosure [Abstract]
Before-tax share-based compensation cost	$ 14.8	$ 15.5	$ 28.4	$ 32.4
Income tax benefit	(3.6)	(3.9)	(6.9)	(7.9)
After-tax share-based compensation cost	$ 11.2	$ 11.6	$ 21.5	$ 24.5

Share-Based Compensation (Marke

Share-Based Compensation (Market-Based Deferred Stock Unit Valuation Assumptions) (Details) - Market-Based Deferred Stock Unit	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	25%
Risk-free interest rate	4.30%
Expected dividend yield	2.60%

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Rollforward) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 16,129.1	$ 14,517.4	$ 15,660.3	$ 13,702.4
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(141.5)		78
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	48.4		19.9
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total	(93.1)	56.3	97.9	636.8
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	62.5	1.3	(75.6)	14
Ending balance	16,334.9	14,690.2	16,334.9	14,690.2
Derivatives qualifying as hedges
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	11.9		61.1
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	82.3		(78.8)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	34.8		(7.4)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total	117.1		(86.2)
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	75.6		(78.5)
Ending balance	53.4		53.4
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(1,548.7)		(1,913.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(223.8)		156.8
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	0		0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total	(223.8)		156.8
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	(13.2)		2.8
Ending balance	(1,759.3)		(1,759.3)
Pension and postretirement benefits
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(583.5)		(597.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0		0
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	13.6		27.3
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total	13.6		27.3
Amount attributable to noncontrolling interests	0.1		0.1
Ending balance	(570)		(570)
AOCL attributable to Air Products
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(2,120.3)	(2,218.3)	(2,449.4)	(2,786.1)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total	(155.6)	55	173.5	622.8
Ending balance	$ (2,275.9)	$ (2,163.3)	$ (2,275.9)	$ (2,163.3)

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_4

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Reclassification) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Sales	$ (2,930.2)	$ (3,200.1)	$ (5,927.6)	$ (6,374.8)
Cost of sales	1,991.5	2,282.8	4,058.7	4,555.1
Interest expense	59.9	40.9	113.4	82.1
Other non-operating income (expense), net	9.2	13.9	24	14.5
Net Income attributable to Air Products	(572.4)	(439.8)	(1,181.7)	(1,012)
Business and asset actions	57	185.6	57	185.6
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Loss (Gain) on Cash Flow Hedges, net of tax
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Sales	(0.3)	0.1	(0.1)	0.1
Cost of sales	0.4	1.8	1.4	2.8
Interest expense	0.7	0.7	1.5	1.7
Other non-operating income (expense), net	34	3.2	(10.2)	(67.5)
Net Income attributable to Air Products	34.8	5.8	(7.4)	(62.9)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Foreign currency translation adjustments
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Business and asset actions	0	(0.3)	0	(0.3)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Pension and Postretirement Benefits, net of tax
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Net Income attributable to Air Products	$ 13.6	$ 14.4	$ 27.3	$ 26.3

Earnings Per Share (Schedule of

Earnings Per Share (Schedule of Earnings Per Share) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator
Net income attributable to Air Products	$ 572.4	$ 439.8	$ 1,181.7	$ 1,012
Denominator (in millions)
Weighted average common shares — Basic	222.5	222.3	222.5	222.3
Employee stock option and other award plans	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.4
Weighted average common shares — Diluted	222.7	222.7	222.8	222.7
Per Share Data
Basic earnings per share attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	$ 2.57	$ 1.98	$ 5.31	$ 4.55
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Air Products (in dollars per share)	$ 2.57	$ 1.97	$ 5.30	$ 4.54

Earnings Per Share (Narrative)

Earnings Per Share (Narrative) (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Antidilutive share-based awards excluded from computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	0.1	0	0.1	0

Supplemental Information (Relat

Supplemental Information (Related Party Transactions) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Sales and other income	$ 75	$ 105	$ 170	$ 185
Trade receivables, net	1,715.8		1,715.8		$ 1,700.4
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Trade receivables, net	$ 125		$ 125		$ 80

Supplemental Information (Uzbek

Supplemental Information (Uzbekistan Asset Purchase) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	May 25, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Financing receivables		$ 1,209.6	$ 1,209.6		$ 817.2
Financing receivables progress payments			392.4	$ 0
Natural Gas-To-Syngas Processing Facility
Asset Acquisition [Line Items]
Price of acquisition	$ 1,000
Term of project agreement (in years)	15 years
Financing receivables		910	$ 910
Financing receivables progress payments		$ 100

Supplemental Information (Chang

Supplemental Information (Changes in Estimates) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Operating income (loss)	$ 637.2	$ 459.8	$ 1,304.1	$ 1,111.8
Contracts accounted for under percentage of completion
Change in Accounting Estimate [Line Items]
Operating income (loss)	$ (35)	$ (35)	$ (65)	$ (60)

Supplemental Information - Inco

Supplemental Information - Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disclosure Text Block Supplement [Abstract]
Effective tax rate (percent)	18.30%	21.20%	18.10%	19.90%
Income tax payments, net of refunds			$ 321.8	$ 327

Business Segment Information (S

Business Segment Information (Schedule of Segment Reporting Information) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		$ 2,930.2	$ 3,200.1	$ 5,927.6	$ 6,374.8
Operating income (loss)		637.2	459.8	1,304.1	1,111.8
Depreciation and amortization				710	661.1
Equity affiliates' income		143.3	165.9	301.7	275.9
Total Assets	[1]	35,921.7		35,921.7		$ 32,002.5
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		2,930.2	3,200.1	5,927.6	6,374.8
Operating income (loss)		694.2	645.4	1,361.1	1,297.4
Depreciation and amortization		360.8	339.6	710	661.1
Equity affiliates' income		143.3	165.9	301.7	275.9
Total Assets		35,921.7		35,921.7		32,002.5
Americas \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		1,245.8	1,373.1	2,497.9	2,757.3
Operating income (loss)		371.9	324.2	726.3	667.2
Depreciation and amortization		174.1	161.7	343.8	317.7
Equity affiliates' income		44.2	28.1	81.3	44.5
Total Assets		11,372.6		11,372.6		9,927.5
Asia \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		779.7	813.9	1,573.5	1,591.7
Operating income (loss)		203.6	233	414.8	468.9
Depreciation and amortization		116.4	110	228.2	211.9
Equity affiliates' income		8.3	7.3	12.5	14.7
Total Assets		7,203.3		7,203.3		7,009.6
Europe \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		667.9	752.9	1,399.1	1,544.8
Operating income (loss)		201	173.2	398.6	319
Depreciation and amortization		50.8	48.3	99	92.6
Equity affiliates' income		11.7	29.5	32.4	47.2
Total Assets		5,113.2		5,113.2		4,649.8
Middle East and India \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		35.7	44.8	71.1	86.2
Operating income (loss)		5.6	1.3	9.5	8
Depreciation and amortization		6.7	6.6	13.3	13.2
Equity affiliates' income		73.9	98.9	166.8	163
Total Assets		6,835.9		6,835.9		5,708.4
Corporate and other \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Sales		201.1	215.4	386	394.8
Operating income (loss)		(87.9)	(86.3)	(188.1)	(165.7)
Depreciation and amortization		12.8	13	25.7	25.7
Equity affiliates' income		5.2	$ 2.1	8.7	$ 6.5
Total Assets		$ 5,396.7		$ 5,396.7		$ 4,707.2

[1] Includes balances associated with a consolidated variable interest entity ("VIE"), including amounts reflected in "Total Assets" that can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE of $3,178.7 and $2,256.8 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively, as well as liabilities of the VIE reflected within "Total Liabilities" for which creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Air Products of $2,499.0 and $1,461.1 as of 31 March 2024 and 30 September 2023, respectively. Refer to Note 3, Variable Interest Entities , for additional information regarding the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company joint venture.

Business Segment Information (R

Business Segment Information (Reconciliation of Operating Income) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income (loss)	$ 637.2	$ 459.8	$ 1,304.1	$ 1,111.8
Business and asset actions	(57)	(185.6)	(57)	(185.6)
Segment Reconciling Items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Business and asset actions	(57)	(185.6)	(57)	(185.6)
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income (loss)	$ 694.2	$ 645.4	$ 1,361.1	$ 1,297.4