Loans and Lease Finance Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses | 6. LOANS AND LEASE FINANCE RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The following table provides a summary of total loans and lease finance receivables by type. September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 6,685,245 $ 5,789,730 Construction 76,495 62,264 SBA 296,664 288,600 SBA - Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) 17,348 186,585 Commercial and industrial 952,231 813,063 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 323,105 386,219 Municipal lease finance receivables 76,656 45,933 SFR mortgage 263,646 240,654 Consumer and other loans 82,746 74,665 Total loans, at amortized cost 8,774,136 7,887,713 Less: Allowance for credit losses ( 82,601 ) ( 65,019 ) Total loans and lease finance receivables, net $ 8,691,535 $ 7,822,694 As of September 30, 2022, 80.07 % of the Company’s total loan portfolio consisted of real estate loans, with commercial real estate loans representing 76.19 % of total loans. The Company’s real estate loans and construction loans are secured by real properties primarily located in California. As of September 30, 2022, $ 486.4 million, or 7.28 % of the total commercial real estate loans included lo ans secured by farmland, compared to $ 364.4 million, or 6.29 %, at December 31, 2021. The loans secured by farmland included $ 136.9 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $ 349.5 million for loans secured by agricultural land at September 30, 2022 , compared to $ 134.9 million for loans secured by dairy & livestock land and $ 229.5 million for loans secured by agricultural land at December 31, 2021. As of September 30, 2022 , dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans of $ 323.1 million were comprised of $ 264.7 million for dairy & livestock loans and $ 58.4 million for agribusiness loans. This compares to $ 34.5 of agribusiness loans included in the $ 386.2 million dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans as of December 31, 2021. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, loans totaling $ 4.33 b illion and $ 3.96 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure available lines of credit from the FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank. There were no outstanding loans held-for-sale as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Credit Quality Indicators We monitor credit quality by evaluating various risk attributes and utilize such information in our evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses. Internal credit risk ratings, within our loan risk rating system, are the credit quality indicators that we most closely monitor. An important element of our approach to credit risk management is our loan risk rating system. The originating officer assigns each loan an initial risk rating, which is reviewed and confirmed or changed, as appropriate, by credit management. Approvals are made based upon the amount of inherent credit risk specific to the transaction and are reviewed for appropriateness by senior line and credit management personnel. Credits are monitored by line and credit management personnel for deterioration or improvement in a borrower’s financial condition, which would impact the ability of the borrower to perform under the contract. Risk ratings are adjusted as necessary. Loans are risk rated into the following categories: Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. Each of these groups is assessed for the proper amount to be used in determining the adequacy of our allowance for losses. These categories can be described as follows: Pass — These loans, including loans on the Bank’s internal watch list, range from minimal credit risk to lower than average, but still acceptable, credit risk. Watch list loans usually require more than normal management attention. Loans on the watch list may involve borrowers with adverse financial trends, higher debt/equity ratios, or weaker liquidity positions, but not to the degree of being considered a defined weakness or problem loan where risk of loss may be apparent. Special Mention — Loans assigned to this category have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Substandard — Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful — Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or the liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loss — Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this asset with insignificant value even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. The following table summarizes loans by type and origination year, including acquired Suncrest loans in the year of origination, according to our internal risk ratings as of the dates presented. Origination Year Revolving loans amortized Revolving loans converted to September 30, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior cost basis term loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,036,048 $ 1,211,127 $ 972,387 $ 581,832 $ 522,728 $ 1,963,428 $ 177,910 $ 39,961 $ 6,505,421 Special Mention 505 11,066 10,234 19,905 24,272 77,113 1,318 - 144,413 Substandard - 3,521 15,811 429 96 15,554 - - 35,411 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Commercial real $ 1,036,553 $ 1,225,714 $ 998,432 $ 602,166 $ 547,096 $ 2,056,095 $ 179,228 $ 39,961 $ 6,685,245 Construction loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 17,931 $ 21,612 $ 14,409 $ - $ - $ - $ 17,749 $ - $ 71,701 Special Mention - - - - 4,794 - - - 4,794 Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Construction $ 17,931 $ 21,612 $ 14,409 $ - $ 4,794 $ - $ 17,749 $ - $ 76,495 SBA loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 52,986 $ 56,165 $ 35,527 $ 11,580 $ 29,886 $ 100,265 $ 54 $ - $ 286,463 Special Mention - - 96 1,325 1,341 2,354 - - 5,116 Substandard - - - - 571 4,514 - - 5,085 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total SBA loans: $ 52,986 $ 56,165 $ 35,623 $ 12,905 $ 31,798 $ 107,133 $ 54 $ - $ 296,664 SBA - PPP loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ - $ 13,284 $ 4,064 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 17,348 Special Mention - - - - - - - - - Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total SBA - PPP loans: $ - $ 13,284 $ 4,064 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 17,348 Commercial and Risk Rating: Pass $ 117,792 $ 147,378 $ 87,201 $ 103,322 $ 47,588 $ 94,924 $ 315,146 $ 8,217 $ 921,568 Special Mention 3,475 745 544 1,985 486 20 12,548 1,855 21,658 Substandard - - 774 553 4,109 303 1,933 1,333 9,005 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Commercial and $ 121,267 $ 148,123 $ 88,519 $ 105,860 $ 52,183 $ 95,247 $ 329,627 $ 11,405 $ 952,231 Origination Year Revolving loans amortized Revolving loans converted to September 30, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior cost basis term loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Dairy & livestock and Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,869 $ 6,902 $ 1,713 $ 926 $ 379 $ 1,254 $ 295,737 $ - $ 308,780 Special Mention 449 - - - 61 - 1,297 952 2,759 Substandard - - - - 129 212 5,822 5,403 11,566 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Dairy & livestock $ 2,318 $ 6,902 $ 1,713 $ 926 $ 569 $ 1,466 $ 302,856 $ 6,355 $ 323,105 Municipal lease finance Risk Rating: Pass $ 143 $ 27,134 $ 7,029 $ 4,370 $ 4,944 $ 32,549 $ - $ - $ 76,169 Special Mention - - - - - 301 - - 301 Substandard - - - - - 186 - - 186 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Municipal lease $ 143 $ 27,134 $ 7,029 $ 4,370 $ 4,944 $ 33,036 $ - $ - $ 76,656 SFR mortgage loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 55,028 $ 47,136 $ 46,057 $ 35,651 $ 16,842 $ 60,579 $ - $ - $ 261,293 Special Mention - - 948 - - - - - 948 Substandard - - - - - 1,015 - 390 1,405 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total SFR mortgage $ 55,028 $ 47,136 $ 47,005 $ 35,651 $ 16,842 $ 61,594 $ - $ 390 $ 263,646 Consumer and other Risk Rating: Pass $ 7,944 $ 3,946 $ 1,437 $ 1,079 $ 157 $ 1,340 $ 61,699 $ 2,929 $ 80,531 Special Mention - 631 - - - - 591 - 1,222 Substandard - - - - - 14 5 974 993 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Consumer and $ 7,944 $ 4,577 $ 1,437 $ 1,079 $ 157 $ 1,354 $ 62,295 $ 3,903 $ 82,746 Total Loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,289,741 $ 1,534,684 $ 1,169,824 $ 738,760 $ 622,524 $ 2,254,339 $ 868,295 $ 51,107 $ 8,529,274 Special Mention 4,429 12,442 11,822 23,215 30,954 79,788 15,754 2,807 181,211 Substandard - 3,521 16,585 982 4,905 21,798 7,760 8,100 63,651 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Loans: $ 1,294,170 $ 1,550,647 $ 1,198,231 $ 762,957 $ 658,383 $ 2,355,925 $ 891,809 $ 62,014 $ 8,774,136 Origination Year Revolving loans amortized Revolving loans converted to December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior cost basis term loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,137,714 $ 963,697 $ 591,202 $ 534,468 $ 484,721 $ 1,704,267 $ 156,841 $ 33,564 $ 5,606,474 Special Mention 3,133 20,640 14,477 16,097 43,262 44,045 6,970 6,800 155,424 Substandard - - 2,859 6,933 4,646 7,329 5,951 114 27,832 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Commercial real $ 1,140,847 $ 984,337 $ 608,538 $ 557,498 $ 532,629 $ 1,755,641 $ 169,762 $ 40,478 $ 5,789,730 Construction loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 10,511 $ 15,896 $ 7,236 $ - $ - $ - $ 25,262 $ - $ 58,905 Special Mention - - - 3,359 - - - - 3,359 Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Construction $ 10,511 $ 15,896 $ 7,236 $ 3,359 $ - $ - $ 25,262 $ - $ 62,264 SBA loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 70,929 $ 36,468 $ 11,129 $ 36,068 $ 38,504 $ 78,527 $ - $ - $ 271,625 Special Mention - - - - 4,056 2,700 - - 6,756 Substandard - - - 785 4,092 5,342 - - 10,219 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total SBA loans: $ 70,929 $ 36,468 $ 11,129 $ 36,853 $ 46,652 $ 86,569 $ - $ - $ 288,600 SBA - PPP loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 183,614 $ 2,969 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 186,583 Special Mention - - - - - - - - - Substandard - 2 - - - - - - 2 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total SBA - PPP loans: $ 183,614 $ 2,971 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 186,585 Commercial and Risk Rating: Pass $ 145,494 $ 81,944 $ 126,647 $ 54,690 $ 32,455 $ 73,600 $ 267,659 $ 6,992 $ 789,481 Special Mention 1,556 1,929 127 1,396 394 26 9,369 177 14,974 Substandard 244 6 602 1,712 505 475 1,991 3,073 8,608 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Commercial and $ 147,294 $ 83,879 $ 127,376 $ 57,798 $ 33,354 $ 74,101 $ 279,019 $ 10,242 $ 813,063 Origination Year Revolving loans amortized Revolving loans converted to December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior cost basis term loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Dairy & livestock and Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,756 $ 942 $ 1,285 $ 1,035 $ 95 $ 295 $ 364,312 $ 454 $ 370,174 Special Mention 1,052 - - - - - 6,979 1,301 9,332 Substandard - - - 37 - - - 6,676 6,713 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Dairy & livestock $ 2,808 $ 942 $ 1,285 $ 1,072 $ 95 $ 295 $ 371,291 $ 8,431 $ 386,219 Municipal lease finance Risk Rating: Pass $ 9,310 $ 7,666 $ - $ 279 $ 9,528 $ 18,811 $ - $ - $ 45,594 Special Mention - - - - - 339 - - 339 Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Municipal lease $ 9,310 $ 7,666 $ - $ 279 $ 9,528 $ 19,150 $ - $ - $ 45,933 SFR mortgage loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 48,813 $ 49,261 $ 41,776 $ 19,877 $ 16,046 $ 61,965 $ 451 $ - $ 238,189 Special Mention 8 - - - - - - - 8 Substandard - - - - - 2,052 - 405 2,457 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total SFR mortgage $ 48,821 $ 49,261 $ 41,776 $ 19,877 $ 16,046 $ 64,017 $ 451 $ 405 $ 240,654 Consumer and other Risk Rating: Pass $ 5,145 $ 1,947 $ 1,415 $ 469 $ 386 $ 1,611 $ 58,060 $ 3,378 $ 72,411 Special Mention 839 - - - - 150 591 403 1,983 Substandard - - - - - 15 5 251 271 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Consumer and $ 5,984 $ 1,947 $ 1,415 $ 469 $ 386 $ 1,776 $ 58,656 $ 4,032 $ 74,665 Total Loans: Risk Rating: Pass $ 1,613,286 $ 1,160,790 $ 780,690 $ 646,886 $ 581,735 $ 1,939,076 $ 872,585 $ 44,388 $ 7,639,436 Special Mention 6,588 22,569 14,604 20,852 47,712 47,260 23,909 8,681 192,175 Substandard 244 8 3,461 9,467 9,243 15,213 7,947 10,519 56,102 Doubtful & Loss - - - - - - - - - Total Loans: $ 1,620,118 $ 1,183,367 $ 798,755 $ 677,205 $ 638,690 $ 2,001,549 $ 904,441 $ 63,588 $ 7,887,713 Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL") Our allowance for credit losses is based upon lifetime loss rate models developed from an estimation framework that uses historical lifetime loss experiences to derive loss rates at a collective pool level. We measure the expected credit losses on a collective (pooled) basis for those loans that share similar risk characteristics. We have three collective loan pools: Commercial Real Estate, Commercial and Industrial, and Consumer. Our ACL amounts are largely driven by portfolio characteristics, including loss history and various risk attributes, and the economic outlook for certain macroeconomic variables. Risk attributes for commercial real estate loans include Original Loan to Value ratios ("OLTV"), origination year, loan seasoning, and macroeconomic variables that include GDP growth, commercial real estate price index and unemployment rate. Risk attributes for commercial and industrial loans include internal risk ratings, borrower industry sector, loan credit spreads and macroeconomic variables that include unemployment rate and BBB spread. The macroeconomic variables for Consumer include unemployment rate and GDP. The Commercial Real Estate methodology is applied over commercial real estate loans, a portion of construction loans, and a portion of SBA loans (excluding Paycheck Protection Program loans). The Commercial and Industrial methodology is applied over a substantial portion of the Company’s commercial and industrial loans, all dairy & livestock and agribusiness loans, municipal lease receivables, as well as the remaining portion of SBA loans (excluding Paycheck Protection Program loans). The Consumer methodology is applied to SFR mortgage loans, consumer loans, as well as the remaining construction loans. In addition to determining the quantitative life of loan loss rate to be applied against the amortized cost basis of the portfolio segments, management reviews current conditions and forecasts to determine whether adjustments are needed to ensure that the life of loan loss rates reflect both the current state of the portfolio, and expectations for macroeconomic changes. Our methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance is reviewed on a regular basis and considers overall risks in the Bank’s loan portfolio. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 for a more detailed discussion concerning the allowance for credit losses. The ACL totaled $ 82.6 million at September 30, 2022 , compared to $ 65.0 million at December 31, 2021 . As a result of the acquisition of Suncrest, we recorded a provision for credit loss of $ 4.9 million on January 7, 2022 to establish the ACL for the acquired loans that were not considered PCD. The ACL at January 7, 2022, also included $ 8.6 million for the acquired Suncrest PCD loans. The $ 17.6 million increase in the ACL from December 31, 2021 to September 30, 2022 is comprised of approximately $ 877,000 in net recoveries, the $ 8.6 million for the Suncrest PCD loans and an $ 8.1 million provision for credit losses, including the $ 4.9 million provision recorded to establish the ACL for the non-PCD loans acquired from Suncrest. At September 30, 2022 , the ACL as a percentage of total loans and leases, at amortized cost, was 0.94 %, or 0.94 % of total loans when excluding the $ 17.3 million in PPP loans. This compares to 0.82 % and 0.84 % at December 31, 2021 , respectively. Net recoveries were $ 877,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 , which compares to $ 2.8 million in net charge-off s for the same period of 2021. Our economic forecast continues to be a blend of multiple forecasts produced by Moody’s. These U.S. economic forecasts include a baseline forecast, as well as multiple downside forecasts. The baseline forecast continues to represent the largest weighting in our multi-weighted forecast scenario, with downside risks weighted among multiple forecasts. Our weighted forecast assumes GDP will increase by 0.4 % in 2023, 1.6 % for 2024 and then grow by 2.5 % in 2025. The unemployment rate is forecasted to be 5 % in 2023, 5.3 % in 2024 and then decline to 5.1 % in 2025. Management believes that the ACL was appropriate at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Due to inflationary pressures, rising interest rates and geopolitical events, no assurance can be given that economic conditions that adversely affect the Company’s service areas or other circumstances will not be reflected in increased provisions for credit losses in the future. The following tables present the balance and activity related to the allowance for credit losses for held-for-investment loans by type for the periods presented. Three months ended September 30, 2022 Ending Balance June 30, 2022 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for (Recapture of) Ending Balance September 30, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 61,513 $ - $ - $ 3,392 $ 64,905 Construction 1,062 - 3 657 1,722 SBA 2,613 - 41 151 2,805 Commercial and industrial 7,194 ( 45 ) - ( 16 ) 7,133 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 6,832 - 381 ( 2,220 ) 4,993 Municipal lease finance receivables 183 - - 56 239 SFR mortgage 254 - - 50 304 Consumer and other loans 571 ( 1 ) - ( 70 ) 500 Total allowance for credit losses $ 80,222 $ ( 46 ) $ 425 $ 2,000 $ 82,601 Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Ending Balance June 30, 2021 Charge-offs Recoveries (Recapture of) Provision for Credit Losses Ending Balance (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 55,200 $ - $ - $ ( 2,888 ) $ 52,312 Construction 1,825 - 11 ( 775 ) 1,061 SBA 2,546 - 5 376 2,927 Commercial and industrial 5,667 ( 10 ) 6 ( 755 ) 4,908 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 2,775 - - 391 3,166 Municipal lease finance receivables 67 - - 18 85 SFR mortgage 284 - - ( 94 ) 190 Consumer and other loans 978 ( 1 ) 11 ( 273 ) 715 Total allowance for credit losses $ 69,342 $ ( 11 ) $ 33 $ ( 4,000 ) $ 65,364 Nine months ended September 30, 2022 Ending Balance December 31, 2021 Charge-offs Recoveries Initial ACL for PCD Loans at Acquisition Provision Recorded at Acquisition Provision for (Recapture of) Credit Losses Ending Balance September 30, 2022 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 50,950 $ - $ - $ 5,086 $ 4,127 $ 4,742 $ 64,905 Construction 765 - 9 122 58 768 1,722 SBA 2,668 - 99 62 64 ( 88 ) 2,805 Commercial and industrial 6,669 ( 66 ) 456 500 508 ( 934 ) 7,133 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 3,066 - 383 2,832 149 ( 1,437 ) 4,993 Municipal lease finance receivables 100 - - 3 26 110 239 SFR mortgage 188 - - - - 116 304 Consumer and other loans 613 ( 4 ) - - - ( 109 ) 500 Total allowance for credit losses $ 65,019 $ ( 70 ) $ 947 $ 8,605 $ 4,932 $ 3,168 $ 82,601 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Ending Balance December 31, 2020 Charge-offs Recoveries (Recapture of) Ending Balance September 30, 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 75,439 $ - $ - $ ( 23,127 ) $ 52,312 Construction 1,934 - 55 ( 928 ) 1,061 SBA 2,992 - 13 ( 78 ) 2,927 Commercial and industrial 7,142 ( 2,985 ) 10 741 4,908 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 3,949 - - ( 783 ) 3,166 Municipal lease finance receivables 74 - - 11 85 SFR mortgage 367 - 79 ( 256 ) 190 Consumer and other loans 1,795 ( 11 ) 11 ( 1,080 ) 715 Total allowance for credit losses $ 93,692 $ ( 2,996 ) $ 168 $ ( 25,500 ) $ 65,364 Past Due and Nonperforming Loans We seek to manage asset quality and control credit risk through diversification of the loan portfolio and the application of policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. The Bank’s Credit Management Division is in charge of monitoring asset quality, establishing credit policies and procedures and enforcing the consistent application of these policies and procedures across the Bank. Reviews of nonperforming, past due loans and larger credits, designed to identify potential charges to the allowance for credit losses, are conducted on an ongoing basis. These reviews consider such factors as the financial strength of borrowers and any guarantors, the value of the applicable collateral, loan loss experience, estimated credit losses, prevailing economic conditions, and other factors. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, for additional discussion concerning the Bank’s policy for past due and nonperforming loans. The following table presents the recorded investment in, and the aging of, past due loans (including nonaccrual loans), by type of loans as of the dates presented. September 30, 2022 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater than 89 Days Total Past Due Loans Not Past Due Total Loans and Financing Receivables (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ - $ - $ 6,686 $ 6,686 $ 2,431,460 $ 2,438,146 Non-owner occupied - - - - 4,247,099 4,247,099 Construction Speculative (1) - - - - 56,183 56,183 Non-speculative - - - - 20,312 20,312 SBA - - 880 880 295,784 296,664 SBA - PPP - - - - 17,348 17,348 Commercial and industrial 80 142 1,086 1,308 950,923 952,231 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness - - 911 911 322,194 323,105 Municipal lease finance receivables - - - - 76,656 76,656 SFR mortgage - - - - 263,646 263,646 Consumer and other loans - - 32 32 82,714 82,746 Total gross loans $ 80 $ 142 $ 9,595 $ 9,817 $ 8,764,319 $ 8,774,136 (1) Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter. December 31, 2021 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater than 89 Days Total Past Due Loans Not Past Due Total Loans and Financing Receivables (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 438 $ - $ 3,383 $ 3,821 $ 2,127,979 $ 2,131,800 Non-owner occupied - - - - 3,657,930 3,657,930 Construction Speculative (1) - - - - 44,859 44,859 Non-speculative - - - - 17,405 17,405 SBA 417 1,145 339 1,901 286,699 288,600 SBA - PPP - - - - 186,585 186,585 Commercial and industrial - 16 1,356 1,372 811,691 813,063 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness - - - - 386,219 386,219 Municipal lease finance receivables - - - - 45,933 45,933 SFR mortgage 1,040 - - 1,040 239,614 240,654 Consumer and other loans - - 42 42 74,623 74,665 Total gross loans $ 1,895 $ 1,161 $ 5,120 $ 8,176 $ 7,879,537 $ 7,887,713 (1) Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter. Amortized cost of our finance receivables and loans that are on nonaccrual status, including loans with no allowance are presented as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by type of loan. September 30, 2022 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Losses Total Loans Past Due Over 89 Days Still Accruing (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 6,686 $ 6,686 $ - Non-owner occupied 19 19 - Construction Speculative (2) - - - Non-speculative - - - SBA 415 1,065 - SBA - PPP - - - Commercial and industrial 940 1,308 - Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 812 1,007 - Municipal lease finance receivables - - - SFR mortgage - - - Consumer and other loans 32 32 - Total gross loans $ 8,904 $ 10,117 $ - (1) As of September 30, 2022, $ 300,000 of nonaccruing loans were current, $ 80,000 were 30-59 days past due, $ 142,000 were 60-89 days past due, and $ 9.6 million were 9 0+ days past due. (2) Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter. December 31, 2021 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Losses Total Loans Past Due Over 89 Days Still Accruing (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 3,607 $ 3,607 $ - Non-owner occupied - - - Construction Speculative (2) - - - Non-speculative - - - SBA 521 1,034 - SBA - PPP - - - Commercial and industrial 1,326 1,714 - Dairy & livestock and agribusiness - - - Municipal lease finance receivables - - - SFR mortgage 380 380 - Consumer and other loans 158 158 - Total gross loans $ 5,992 $ 6,893 $ - (1) As of December 31, 2021 , $ 1.2 million of nonaccruing loans were current, $ 332,000 were 30-59 days past due, $ 267,000 were 60-89 days past due, and $ 5.1 million were 90+ days past due. (2) Speculative construction loans are generally for properties where there is no identified buyer or renter. Collateral Dependent Loans A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table presents the recorded investment in collateral-dependent loans by type of loans as of the dates presented. September 30, 2022 Number of Loans Real Estate Business Assets Other Dependent on (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 6,705 $ - $ - 7 Construction - - - - SBA 234 832 - 9 SBA - PPP - - - - Commercial and industrial 92 2,764 79 12 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness 699 17 291 4 Municipal lease finance receivables - - - - SFR mortgage - - - - Consumer and other loans 32 - - 1 Total collateral-dependent loans $ 7,762 $ 3,613 $ 370 33 December 31, 2021 Number of Loans Real Estate Business Assets Other Dependent on (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate $ 6,001 $ - $ - 6 Construction - - - - SBA 405 517 112 10 SBA - PPP - - - - Commercial and industrial 688 5,133 96 19 Dairy & livestock and agribusiness - - - - Municipal lease finance receivables - - - - SFR mortgage 380 - - 2 Consumer and other loans 158 - - 2 Total collateral-dependent loans $ 7,632 $ 5,650 $ 208 39 Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure relates to commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and undisbursed funds on lines of credit. The Company evaluates credit risk associated with the off-balance sheet loan commitments in the same manner as it evaluates credit risk associated with the loan and lease portfolio. The Bank's ACL methodology produced an allowance of $ 8.0 million for the off-balance sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2022 . There was no provision or recapture of provision for unfunded loan commitments for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to a $ 1.0 million recapture of provision for unfunded loan commitments for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 , the balance in this reserve was $ 8.0 million and was included in other liabilities. Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) Loans that are reported as TDRs are considered impaired and charge-off amounts are taken on an individual loan basis, as deemed appropriate. The majority of restructured loans are loans for which the terms of repayment have been renegotiated, resulting in a reduction in interest rate or deferral of principal. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 for a more detailed discussion regarding TDRs. As of September 30, 2022 , there were $ 5.8 million of loans classified as a TDR, all of which were performing. TDRs on accrual status are comprised of loans that were accruing interest at the time of restructuring or have demonstrated repayment performance in compliance with the restructured terms for a sustained period and for which the Company anticipates full repayment of both principal and interest. At September 30, 2022, performing TDRs were comprised of four commercial and industrial loans of $ 4.8 million and five SFR mortgage loans totaling $ 1.0 million. The majority of TDRs have no specific allowance allocated as any impairment amount is normally charged off at the time the loan is considered uncollectible. We have no allocated allowance to TDRs as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The following table provides a summary of the activity related to TDRs for the periods presented. Three months ended Nine months ended 2022 2021 2022 2021 (Dollars in thousands) Performing TDRs: Beginning balance $ 5,198 $ 8,215 $ 5,293 $ 2,159 New modifications 3,204 - 3,204 7,096 Payoffs/payments, net and other ( 2,574 ) ( 240 ) ( 2,669 ) ( 1,280 ) TDRs returned to accrual status - - - - TDRs placed on nonaccrual status - - - - Ending balance $ 5,828 $ 7,975 $ 5,828 $ 7,975 Nonperforming TDRs: Beginning balance $ - $ - $ - $ - New modifications - - - - Charge-offs - - - - Payoffs/payments, net and other - - - - TDRs returned to accrual status - - - - TDRs placed on nonaccrual status - - - - Ending balance $ - $ - $ - $ - Total TDRs $ 5,828 $ 7,975 $ 5,828 $ 7,975 The following tables summarize loans modified as TDRs for the period presented. Modifications (1) For the three months ended September 30, 2022 Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Outstanding Recorded Investment at September 30, 2022 Financial Effect Resulting From Modifications (2) (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate: Interest rate reduction - $ - $ - $ - $ - Change in amortization period - - - - - Commercial and industrial: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period 2 3,204 3,204 3,204 - SFR mortgage: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period - - - - - Total loans 2 $ 3,204 $ 3,204 $ 3,204 $ - For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Outstanding Recorded Investment at September 30, 2021 Financial Effect Resulting From Modifications (2) (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate: Interest rate reduction - $ - $ - $ - $ - Change in amortization period - - - - - Commercial and industrial: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period - - - - - SFR mortgage: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period - - - - - Total loans - $ - $ - $ - $ - For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Outstanding Recorded Investment at September 30, 2022 Financial Effect Resulting From Modifications (2) (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate: Interest rate reduction - $ - $ - $ - $ - Change in amortization period - - - - - Commercial and industrial: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period 2 3,204 3,204 3,204 - SFR mortgage: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period - - - - - Total loans 2 $ 3,204 $ 3,204 $ 3,204 $ - For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Outstanding Recorded Investment at September 30, 2021 Financial Effect Resulting From Modifications (2) (Dollars in thousands) Commercial real estate: Interest rate reduction 1 $ 2,453 $ 2,453 $ 2,446 $ - Change in amortization period - - - - - Commercial and industrial: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period 2 4,643 4,643 4,293 - SFR mortgage: Interest rate reduction - - - - - Change in amortization period - - - - - Total loans 3 $ 7,096 $ 7,096 $ 6,739 $ - (1) The tables above exclude modified loans that were paid off prior to the end of the period. (2) Financial effects resulting from modifications represent charge-offs and current allowance for credit losses at modification date. As of September 30, 2022 and 2021 , there were no loans that were modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months that subsequently defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 , respectively. 7. EARNINGS PER SHARE RECONCILIATION Basic |