Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The Bancorp disaggregates ALLL balances and transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment. Credit quality related disclosures for loans and leases are further disaggregated by class. Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The following tables summarize transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment: For the three months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Commercial Residential Consumer Total Balance, beginning of period $ 1,199 173 955 2,327 Losses charged off (a) (70) (1) (87) (158) Recoveries of losses previously charged off (a) 6 1 27 34 Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses 52 (18) 103 137 Balance, end of period $ 1,187 155 998 2,340 (a) The Bancorp recorded $8 in both losses charged off and recoveries of losses previously charged off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 ($ in millions) Commercial Residential Consumer Total Balance, beginning of period $ 1,165 248 601 2,014 Losses charged off (a) (47) (1) (56) (104) Recoveries of losses previously charged off (a) 15 2 25 42 Provision for loan and lease losses 25 5 117 147 Balance, end of period $ 1,158 254 687 2,099 (a) The Bancorp recorded $8 in both losses charged off and recoveries of losses previously charged off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Commercial Residential Consumer Total Balance, beginning of period $ 1,127 245 822 2,194 Impact of adoption of ASU 2022-02 4 (36) (17) (49) Losses charged off (a) (140) (3) (246) (389) Recoveries of losses previously charged off (a) 13 3 81 97 Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses 183 (54) 358 487 Balance, end of period $ 1,187 155 998 2,340 (a) The Bancorp record ed $26 in bot h losses charged off and recoveries of losses previously charged off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 ($ in millions) Commercial Residential Mortgage Consumer Total Balance, beginning of period $ 1,102 235 555 1,892 Losses charged off (a) (95) (2) (162) (259) Recoveries of losses previously charged off (a) 19 4 77 100 Provision for loan and lease losses 132 17 217 366 Balance, end of period $ 1,158 254 687 2,099 (a) The Bancorp recorded $23 in both losses charged off and recoveries of losses previously charged off related to customer defaults on point-of-sale consumer loans for which the Bancorp obtained recoveries under third-party credit enhancements. The following tables provide a summary of the ALLL and related loans and leases classified by portfolio segment: As of September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Commercial Residential Consumer Total ALLL: (a) Individually evaluated $ 70 1 6 77 Collectively evaluated 1,117 154 992 2,263 Total ALLL $ 1,187 155 998 2,340 Portfolio loans and leases: (b) Individually evaluated $ 247 125 69 441 Collectively evaluated 74,871 17,055 27,608 119,534 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 75,118 17,180 27,677 119,975 (a) Includes $2 related to commercial leveraged leases at September 30, 2023. (b) Excludes $113 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value and includes $248 of commercial leveraged leases, net of unearned income, at September 30, 2023. As of December 31, 2022 ($ in millions) Commercial Residential Consumer Total ALLL: (a) Individually evaluated $ 30 47 45 122 Collectively evaluated 1,097 198 777 2,072 Total ALLL $ 1,127 245 822 2,194 Portfolio loans and leases: (b) Individually evaluated $ 531 560 297 1,388 Collectively evaluated 75,858 16,945 27,166 119,969 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 76,389 17,505 27,463 121,357 (a) Includes $2 related to commercial leveraged leases at December 31, 2022. (b) Excludes $123 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value and includes $247 of commercial leveraged leases, net of unearned income, at December 31, 2022. CREDIT RISK PROFILE Commercial Portfolio Segment For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: commercial and industrial, commercial mortgage owner-occupied, commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied, commercial construction and commercial leases. To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp utilizes the following categories of credit ratings: pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. The five categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers that do not have identified potential or well-defined weaknesses and for which there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated at least annually based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter. The Bancorp assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases that have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or the Bancorp’s credit position. The Bancorp assigns a substandard rating to loans and leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. Substandard loans and leases have well-defined weaknesses or weaknesses that could jeopardize the orderly repayment of the debt. Loans and leases with this rating also are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bancorp will sustain some loss if the deficiencies noted are not addressed and corrected. The Bancorp assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases that have all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a proposed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceeding, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral or refinancing plans. Loans and leases classified as loss are considered uncollectible and are charged off in the period in which they are determined to be uncollectible. Because loans and leases in this category are fully charged off, they are not included in the following tables. For loans and leases that are collectively evaluated for an ACL, the Bancorp utilizes models to forecast expected credit losses over a reasonable and supportable forecast period based on the probability of a loan or lease defaulting, the expected balance at the estimated date of default and the expected loss percentage given a default. For the commercial portfolio segment, the estimates for probability of default are primarily based on internal ratings assigned to each commercial borrower on a 13-point scale and historical observations of how those ratings migrate to a default over time in the context of macroeconomic conditions. For loans with available credit, the estimate of the expected balance at the time of default considers expected utilization rates, which are primarily based on macroeconomic conditions and the utilization history of similar borrowers under those economic conditions. The estimates for loss severity are primarily based on collateral type and coverage levels and the susceptibility of those characteristics to changes in macroeconomic conditions. For more information about the Bancorp’s processes for developing these models, estimating credit losses for periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period and for estimating credit losses for individually evaluated loans, refer to Note 3. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio segment, by class and vintage, disaggregated by credit risk rating: As of September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Commercial and industrial loans: Pass $ 1,881 3,875 2,050 705 315 412 42,533 — 51,771 Special mention 14 90 40 14 16 107 1,465 — 1,746 Substandard 123 101 47 184 50 95 1,673 — 2,273 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans $ 2,018 4,066 2,137 903 381 614 45,671 — 55,790 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans: Pass $ 695 1,004 685 390 205 265 1,693 — 4,937 Special mention 29 10 24 — — 1 74 — 138 Substandard 39 22 12 17 51 12 123 — 276 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial mortgage owner- occupied loans $ 763 1,036 721 407 256 278 1,890 — 5,351 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans: Pass $ 602 908 323 404 312 314 2,617 — 5,480 Special mention 103 15 24 — — 7 27 — 176 Substandard 23 22 8 5 — 3 54 — 115 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans $ 728 945 355 409 312 324 2,698 — 5,771 Commercial construction loans: Pass $ 150 30 35 42 71 6 4,800 — 5,134 Special mention — — — — — — 190 — 190 Substandard 63 — 33 — — — 162 — 258 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial construction loans $ 213 30 68 42 71 6 5,152 — 5,582 Commercial leases: Pass $ 435 427 525 230 161 754 — — 2,532 Special mention — 5 6 3 3 8 — — 25 Substandard 11 7 12 3 4 30 — — 67 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial leases $ 446 439 543 236 168 792 — — 2,624 Total commercial loans and leases: Pass $ 3,763 6,244 3,618 1,771 1,064 1,751 51,643 — 69,854 Special mention 146 120 94 17 19 123 1,756 — 2,275 Substandard 259 152 112 209 105 140 2,012 — 2,989 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial loans and leases $ 4,168 6,516 3,824 1,997 1,188 2,014 55,411 — 75,118 As of December 31, 2022 ($ in millions) Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Total Commercial and industrial loans: Pass $ 3,825 3,098 994 445 269 488 44,521 — 53,640 Special mention 65 24 15 36 10 24 1,221 — 1,395 Substandard 150 77 233 26 7 107 1,597 — 2,197 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial loans $ 4,040 3,199 1,242 507 286 619 47,339 — 57,232 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans: Pass $ 1,177 826 522 257 160 264 1,624 — 4,830 Special mention 17 15 13 12 13 2 56 — 128 Substandard 51 14 20 73 11 25 106 — 300 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans $ 1,245 855 555 342 184 291 1,786 — 5,258 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans: Pass $ 1,127 462 490 397 220 170 2,453 — 5,319 Special mention 1 84 26 — — 23 88 — 222 Substandard 65 19 18 1 1 17 100 — 221 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans $ 1,193 565 534 398 221 210 2,641 — 5,762 Commercial construction loans: Pass $ 82 31 93 8 35 7 4,684 — 4,940 Special mention — — — — — — 293 — 293 Substandard 53 — — — — 2 145 — 200 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial construction loans $ 135 31 93 8 35 9 5,122 — 5,433 Commercial leases: Pass $ 584 664 306 192 146 696 — — 2,588 Special mention — 4 2 4 7 19 — — 36 Substandard 1 20 2 4 21 32 — — 80 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial leases $ 585 688 310 200 174 747 — — 2,704 Total commercial loans and leases: Pass $ 6,795 5,081 2,405 1,299 830 1,625 53,282 — 71,317 Special mention 83 127 56 52 30 68 1,658 — 2,074 Substandard 320 130 273 104 40 183 1,948 — 2,998 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial loans and leases $ 7,198 5,338 2,734 1,455 900 1,876 56,888 — 76,389 The following table summarizes the Bancorp’s gross charge-offs within the commercial portfolio segment, by class and vintage: For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 24 6 12 1 — 5 90 — 138 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans — — — — — — 1 — 1 Commercial construction loans — — — — — — 1 — 1 Total commercial loans and leases $ 24 6 12 1 — 5 92 — 140 Age Analysis of Past Due Commercial Loans and Leases The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s amortized cost basis in portfolio commercial loans and leases, by age and class: Current Loans and Leases (a) Past Due Total Loans 90 Days Past As of September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) 30-89 Days (a) 90 Days or More (a) Total Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 55,697 48 45 93 55,790 3 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 5,346 2 3 5 5,351 — Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 5,771 — — — 5,771 — Commercial construction loans 5,576 6 — 6 5,582 — Commercial leases 2,601 23 — 23 2,624 — Total portfolio commercial loans and leases $ 74,991 79 48 127 75,118 3 (a) Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases. Current Loans and Leases (a) Past Due Total Loans 90 Days Past As of December 31, 2022 ($ in millions) 30-89 Days (a) 90 Days or More (a) Total Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 57,092 98 42 140 57,232 11 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 5,241 14 3 17 5,258 — Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 5,756 6 — 6 5,762 — Commercial construction loans 5,424 7 2 9 5,433 — Commercial leases 2,698 4 2 6 2,704 2 Total portfolio commercial loans and leases $ 76,211 129 49 178 76,389 13 (a) Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases. Residential Mortgage and Consumer Portfolio Segments For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its consumer portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: home equity, indirect secured consumer loans, credit card and other consumer loans. The Bancorp’s residential mortgage portfolio segment is also a separate class. The Bancorp considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for residential mortgage and consumer loans, which includes both the delinquency status and performing versus nonperforming status of the loans. The delinquency status of all residential mortgage and consumer loans and the performing versus nonperforming status are presented in the following tables. For collectively evaluated loans in the consumer and residential mortgage portfolio segments, the Bancorp’s expected credit loss models primarily utilize the borrower’s FICO score and delinquency history in combination with macroeconomic conditions when estimating the probability of default. The estimates for loss severity are primarily based on collateral type and coverage levels and the susceptibility of those characteristics to changes in macroeconomic conditions. The expected balance at the estimated date of default is also especially impactful in the expected credit loss models for portfolio classes which generally have longer terms (such as residential mortgage loans and home equity) and portfolio classes containing a high concentration of loans with revolving privileges (such as home equity). The estimate of the expected balance at the time of default considers expected prepayment and utilization rates where applicable, which are primarily based on macroeconomic conditions and the utilization history of similar borrowers under those economic conditions. Refer to Note 3 for additional information about the Bancorp’s process for developing these models and its process for estimating credit losses for periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class and vintage, disaggregated by both age and performing versus nonperforming status: As of September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Residential mortgage loans: Performing: Current (a) $ 889 3,171 5,103 2,768 968 4,129 — — 17,028 30-89 days past due — 1 5 1 1 13 — — 21 90 days or more past due — 2 1 — — 3 — — 6 Total performing 889 3,174 5,109 2,769 969 4,145 — — 17,055 Nonperforming — 5 5 5 4 106 — — 125 Total residential mortgage loans (b) $ 889 3,179 5,114 2,774 973 4,251 — — 17,180 Home equity: Performing: Current $ 58 43 3 6 12 97 3,561 32 3,812 30-89 days past due — — — — — 2 23 3 28 90 days or more past due — — — — — — — — — Total performing 58 43 3 6 12 99 3,584 35 3,840 Nonperforming — — — — — 6 51 1 58 Total home equity $ 58 43 3 6 12 105 3,635 36 3,898 Indirect secured consumer loans: Performing: Current $ 3,392 4,685 4,363 1,761 727 337 — — 15,265 30-89 days past due 16 44 38 19 12 9 — — 138 90 days or more past due — — — — — — — — — Total performing 3,408 4,729 4,401 1,780 739 346 — — 15,403 Nonperforming 2 9 8 6 3 3 — — 31 Total indirect secured consumer loans $ 3,410 4,738 4,409 1,786 742 349 — — 15,434 Credit card: Performing: Current $ — — — — — — 1,744 — 1,744 30-89 days past due — — — — — — 21 — 21 90 days or more past due — — — — — — 20 — 20 Total performing — — — — — — 1,785 — 1,785 Nonperforming — — — — — — 32 — 32 Total credit card $ — — — — — — 1,817 — 1,817 Other consumer loans: Performing: Current $ 2,071 2,773 340 173 92 117 847 40 6,453 30-89 days past due 5 16 4 2 2 1 3 1 34 90 days or more past due — — — — — — — — — Total performing 2,076 2,789 344 175 94 118 850 41 6,487 Nonperforming 4 30 4 1 1 1 — — 41 Total other consumer loans $ 2,080 2,819 348 176 95 119 850 41 6,528 Total residential mortgage and consumer loans: Performing: Current $ 6,410 10,672 9,809 4,708 1,799 4,680 6,152 72 44,302 30-89 days past due 21 61 47 22 15 25 47 4 242 90 days or more past due — 2 1 — — 3 20 — 26 Total performing 6,431 10,735 9,857 4,730 1,814 4,708 6,219 76 44,570 Nonperforming 6 44 17 12 8 116 83 1 287 Total residential mortgage and consumer loans (b) $ 6,437 10,779 9,874 4,742 1,822 4,824 6,302 77 44,857 (a) Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. As of September 30, 2023, $84 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $143 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized $1 and $2 of losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans. (b) Excludes $113 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at September 30, 2023, including $2 of nonperforming loans. As of December 31, 2022 ($ in millions) Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Total Residential mortgage loans: Performing: Current (a) $ 3,195 5,440 2,981 1,051 344 4,336 — — 17,347 30-89 days past due 4 4 3 1 2 15 — — 29 90 days or more past due — — 1 — 1 5 — — 7 Total performing 3,199 5,444 2,985 1,052 347 4,356 — — 17,383 Nonperforming — 3 4 4 7 104 — — 122 Total residential mortgage loans (b) $ 3,199 5,447 2,989 1,056 354 4,460 — — 17,505 Home equity: Performing: Current $ 46 3 7 15 17 94 3,741 18 3,941 30-89 days past due — — — — — 2 28 — 30 90 days or more past due — — — — — 1 — — 1 Total performing 46 3 7 15 17 97 3,769 18 3,972 Nonperforming — — — — — 8 58 1 67 Total home equity $ 46 3 7 15 17 105 3,827 19 4,039 Indirect secured consumer loans: Performing: Current $ 6,034 5,875 2,600 1,217 416 239 — — 16,381 30-89 days past due 34 42 28 22 11 5 — — 142 90 days or more past due — — — — — — — — — Total performing 6,068 5,917 2,628 1,239 427 244 — — 16,523 Nonperforming 4 6 7 6 4 2 — — 29 Total indirect secured consumer loans $ 6,072 5,923 2,635 1,245 431 246 — — 16,552 Credit card: Performing: Current $ — — — — — — 1,808 — 1,808 30-89 days past due — — — — — — 21 — 21 90 days or more past due — — — — — — 18 — 18 Total performing — — — — — — 1,847 — 1,847 Nonperforming — — — — — — 27 — 27 Total credit card $ — — — — — — 1,874 — 1,874 Other consumer loans: Performing: Current $ 2,704 540 355 169 112 146 908 26 4,960 30-89 days past due 14 6 3 2 2 2 3 — 32 90 days or more past due — — — — — — 1 — 1 Total performing 2,718 546 358 171 114 148 912 26 4,993 Nonperforming 2 1 — — — 1 1 — 5 Total other consumer loans $ 2,720 547 358 171 114 149 913 26 4,998 Total residential mortgage and consumer loans: Performing: Current $ 11,979 11,858 5,943 2,452 889 4,815 6,457 44 44,437 30-89 days past due 52 52 34 25 15 24 52 — 254 90 days or more past due — — 1 — 1 6 19 — 27 Total performing 12,031 11,910 5,978 2,477 905 4,845 6,528 44 44,718 Nonperforming 6 10 11 10 11 115 86 1 250 Total residential mortgage and consumer loans (b) $ 12,037 11,920 5,989 2,487 916 4,960 6,614 45 44,968 (a) Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. As of December 31, 2022, $81 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $147 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount and $2 of losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans. (b) Excludes $123 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at December 31, 2022, including $1 of 30-89 days past due loans and $2 of nonperforming loans. The following table summarizes the Bancorp’s gross charge-offs within the residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class and vintage: For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Residential mortgage loans $ — — — — — 3 — — 3 Consumer loans: Home equity — — — — — 1 5 — 6 Indirect secured consumer loans 4 28 20 10 7 6 — — 75 Credit cards — — — — — — 59 — 59 Other consumer loans 6 39 12 9 6 8 25 1 106 Total residential mortgage and consumer loans $ 10 67 32 19 13 18 89 1 249 Collateral-Dependent Loans and Leases The Bancorp considers a loan or lease to be collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. When a loan or lease is collateral-dependent, its fair value is generally based on the fair value less cost to sell of the underlying collateral. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s collateral-dependent loans and leases, by portfolio class, as of: ($ in millions) September 30, December 31, Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 228 433 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 6 14 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3 27 Commercial construction loans — 56 Commercial leases — 1 Total commercial loans and leases $ 237 531 Residential mortgage loans 125 57 Consumer loans: Home equity 55 46 Indirect secured consumer loans 14 6 Total consumer loans $ 69 52 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 431 640 Nonperforming Assets Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectability of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain and certain other assets, including OREO and other repossessed property. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s nonaccrual loans and leases, by class, and OREO and other repossessed property as of: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 ($ in millions) With an ALLL No Related Total With an ALLL No Related Total Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 225 37 262 114 101 215 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 10 6 16 9 7 16 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans — 2 2 20 4 24 Commercial construction loans — — — 6 2 8 Commercial leases — 1 1 — — — Total nonaccrual portfolio commercial loans and leases $ 235 46 281 149 114 263 Residential mortgage loans 39 88 127 81 43 124 Consumer loans: Home equity 23 35 58 45 22 67 Indirect secured consumer loans 28 3 31 26 3 29 Credit card 32 — 32 27 — 27 Other consumer loans 41 — 41 5 — 5 Total nonaccrual portfolio consumer loans $ 124 38 162 103 25 128 Total nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases (a)(b) $ 398 172 570 333 182 515 OREO and other repossessed property — 42 42 — 24 24 Total nonperforming portfolio assets (a)(b) $ 398 214 612 333 206 539 (a) Excludes $6 and an immaterial amount of nonaccrual loans held for sale as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. (b) Includes $17 and $15 of nonaccrual government insured commercial loans whose repayments are insured by the SBA as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Bancorp recognized an immaterial amount of interest income on nonaccrual loans and leases for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The Bancorp’s amortized cost basis of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction was $125 million and $154 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty On January 1, 2023, the Bancorp adopted ASU 2022-02, which eliminated the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs. The amended accounting and disclosure requirements are applicable to loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty which are completed on or after the adoption date. For further information on the adoption of ASU 2022-02, refer to Note 3. In the course of servicing its loans, the Bancorp works with borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty to identify solutions that are mutually beneficial to both parties with the objective of mitigating the risk of losses on the loan. These efforts often result in modifications to the payment terms of the loan. The types of modifications offered to borrowers vary by type of loan and may include term extensions, interest rate reductions, payment delays (other than those that are insignificant) or combinations thereof. The Bancorp typically does not provide principal forgiveness except in circumstances where the loan has already been fully or partially charged off. The Bancorp applies its expected credit loss models consistently to both modified and non-modified loans when estimating the ALLL. For loans which are modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, there is generally not a significant change to the ALLL upon modification because the Bancorp’s ALLL estimation methodologies already consider those borrowers’ financial difficulties and the resulting effects of potential modifications when estimating expected credit losses. As of September 30, 2023, portfolio loans with an amortized cost basis of $171 million and $484 million were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, as further discussed in the following sections. These modifications for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 represented 0.14% and 0.40%, respectively, of total portfolio loans and leases as of September 30, 2023. These amounts excluded $6 million and $24 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, of consumer and residential mortgage loans which have been granted a concession under provisions of the Federal Bankruptcy Act and are monitored separately from loans modified under the Bancorp’s loan modification programs. As of September 30, 2023, the Bancorp had commitments of $156 million to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose terms have been modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Commercial portfolio segment Commercial loan modifications are individually negotiated and may vary depending on the borrower’s financial situation, but the Bancorp most commonly utilizes term extensions for periods of 3 to 12 months. In less common situations and when specifically warranted by the borrower’s situation, the Bancorp may also consider offering commercial borrowers interest rate reductions or payment deferrals, which may be combined with a term extension. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio loans that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by portfolio class and type of modification: For the three months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Term Extension Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension and Payment Deferral Total % of Total Class Commercial and industrial loans $ 92 1 8 101 0.18 % Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3 — — 3 0.06 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 1 — — 1 0.02 Commercial construction loans 19 — — 19 0.34 Total commercial portfolio loans $ 115 1 8 124 0.17 % For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension and Payment Deferral Payment Deferral Total % of Total Class Commercial and industrial loans $ 176 1 1 8 5 191 0.34 % Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 24 — — — — 24 0.45 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 21 — 3 — — 24 0.42 Commercial construction loans 116 — — — — 116 2.08 Total commercial portfolio loans $ 337 1 4 8 5 355 0.47 % Residential mortgage portfolio segment The Bancorp has established residential mortgage loan modification programs which define the type of modifications available as well as the eligibility criteria for borrowers. The designs of the Bancorp’s modification programs for residential mortgage loans are similar to those utilized by the various GSEs. The most common modification program utilized for residential mortgage loans is a term extension for up to 480 months from the modification date, combined with a change in interest rate to a fixed rate (which may be an increase or decrease from the rate in the original loan). As part of these modifications, the Bancorp may capitalize delinquent amounts due at the time of the modification into the principal balance of the loan when determining its modified payment structure. For loans where the modification results in a new monthly payment amount, borrowers may be required to complete a trial period of three The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage loans that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by type of modification: For the three months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Total % of Total Class Payment delay $ 3 0.02 % Term extension and payment delay 27 0.15 Term extension, interest rate reduction and payment delay 1 0.01 Total residential mortgage portfolio loans $ 31 0.18 % For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 ($ in millions) Total % of Total Class Payment delay $ 16 0.09 % Term extension and payment delay 69 0.40 Term extension, interest rate reduction and payment delay 4 0.02 Total residential mortgage portfolio loans $ 89 0.51 % The Bancorp had $7 million of in-process modifications to residential mortgage loans outstanding as of September 30, 2023 which are excluded from the completed modification activity in the tables above. These in-process modifications will be reported as completed modifications once the borrower satisfies the applicable contingencies in the modification agreement and the loan is contractually modified to make the modified terms permanent. Consumer portfolio segment The Bancorp’s modification programs for consumer loans vary based on type of loan. The most common modification program for home equity is a term extension for up to 360 months combined with a deferral of delinquent amounts due until maturity, which may also be combined with an interest rate reduction. Modification programs for credit card typically involve an i |