Helmerich & Payne (HP) 10-Q24 Apr 242024 Q2 Quarterly reportFinancial data

Company Profile

COVER

COVER - shares	6 Months Ended
COVER - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 18, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-4221
Entity Registrant Name	HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	73-0679879
Entity Address, Address Line One	1437 South Boulder Avenue,
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 1400
Entity Address, City or Town	Tulsa
Entity Address, State or Province	OK
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	74119
City Area Code	918
Local Phone Number	742-5531
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock ($0.10 par value)
Trading Symbol	HP
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		98,724,737
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Entity Central Index Key	0000046765

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATE

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 193,636	$ 257,174
Restricted cash	68,547	59,064
Short-term investments	83,390	93,600
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $2,769 and $2,688, respectively	431,681	404,188
Inventories of materials and supplies, net	107,210	94,227
Prepaid expenses and other, net	64,316	97,727
Assets held-for-sale	0	645
Total current assets	948,780	1,006,625
Investments	274,446	264,947
Property, plant and equipment, net	2,993,825	2,921,695
Other Noncurrent Assets:
Goodwill	45,653	45,653
Intangible assets, net	57,360	60,575
Operating lease right-of-use assets	59,730	50,400
Other assets, net	45,054	32,061
Total other noncurrent assets	207,797	188,689
Total assets	4,424,848	4,381,956
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	158,296	130,852
Dividends payable	42,047	25,194
Accrued liabilities	238,494	262,885
Total current liabilities	438,837	418,931
Noncurrent Liabilities:
Long-term debt, net	545,441	545,144
Deferred income taxes	502,088	517,809
Other	135,408	128,129
Total noncurrent liabilities	1,182,937	1,191,082
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 11)
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, $0.10 par value, 160,000,000 shares authorized, 112,222,865 shares issued as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, and 98,752,018 and 99,426,526 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively	11,222	11,222
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	502,586	525,369
Retained earnings	2,786,495	2,707,715
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(7,713)	(7,981)
Treasury stock, at cost, 13,470,847 shares and 12,796,339 shares as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively	(489,516)	(464,382)
Total shareholders’ equity	2,803,074	2,771,943
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 4,424,848	$ 4,381,956

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_2

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Current Assets:
Allowance for accounts receivable	$ 2,769	$ 2,688
Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	160,000,000	160,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	112,222,865	112,222,865
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	98,752,018	99,426,526
Preferred Stock
Preferred stock shares par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Treasury Stock
Treasury stock, shares (in shares)	13,470,847	12,796,339

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_3

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
OPERATING REVENUES
Drilling services	$ 685,131,000	$ 766,682,000	$ 1,359,696,000	$ 1,483,852,000
Other	2,812,000	2,540,000	5,394,000	5,007,000
Total operating revenues	687,943,000	769,222,000	1,365,090,000	1,488,859,000
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
Drilling services operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization	401,851,000	449,110,000	805,154,000	877,361,000
Other operating expenses	1,026,000	1,188,000	2,163,000	2,314,000
Depreciation and amortization	104,545,000	96,255,000	198,536,000	192,910,000
Research and development	12,942,000	8,702,000	21,550,000	15,635,000
Selling, general and administrative	62,037,000	52,855,000	118,614,000	101,310,000
Asset impairment charges	0	0	0	12,097,000
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	(7,461,000)	(11,574,000)	(14,955,000)	(27,298,000)
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets	(2,431,000)	2,519,000	12,000	4,898,000
Total operating costs and expenses	577,371,000	594,017,000	1,131,050,000	1,169,431,000
OPERATING INCOME	110,572,000	175,205,000	234,040,000	319,428,000
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	6,567,000	5,055,000	17,301,000	9,760,000
Interest expense	(4,261,000)	(4,239,000)	(8,633,000)	(8,594,000)
Gain (loss) on investment securities	3,747,000	39,752,000	(287,000)	24,661,000
Other	400,000	(604,000)	(143,000)	(546,000)
Total unallocated amounts	6,453,000	39,964,000	8,238,000	25,281,000
Income before income taxes	117,025,000	215,169,000	242,278,000	344,709,000
Income tax expense	32,194,000	51,129,000	62,274,000	83,524,000
NET INCOME	$ 84,831,000	$ 164,040,000	$ 180,004,000	$ 261,185,000
Basic earnings per common share
Net income (loss) (in dollars per share)	$ 0.85	$ 1.55	$ 1.79	$ 2.46
Diluted earnings per common share:
Net income (in dollars per share)	$ 0.84	$ 1.55	$ 1.79	$ 2.46
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	98,774	103,968	98,960	104,615
Diluted (in shares)	99,046	104,363	99,216	105,003

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_4

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 84,831	$ 164,040	$ 180,004	$ 261,185
Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes:
Net change related to employee benefit plans, net of income taxes of $(39.5) thousand and $(79.0) thousand for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, and $(75.0) thousand and $(150.1) thousand for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively	134	256	268	512
Other comprehensive income	134	256	268	512
Comprehensive income	$ 84,965	$ 164,296	$ 180,272	$ 261,697

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_5

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Income tax on minimum pension liability adjustments	$ (39,500)	$ (75,000)	$ (79,000)	$ (150,100)

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_6

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury Stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 2,765,472	$ 11,222	$ 528,278	$ 2,473,572	$ (12,072)	$ (235,528)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022						6,929,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income	97,145			97,145
Other comprehensive income	256				256
Dividends declared	(76,611)			(76,611)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(9,483)		(22,776)			$ 13,293
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(449,000)
Stock-based compensation	8,273		8,273
Share repurchases (in shares)						844,000
Share repurchases	(39,060)					$ (39,060)
Other	(847)		(847)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		112,222,000
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	2,745,145	$ 11,222	512,928	2,494,106	(11,816)	$ (261,295)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022						7,324,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2022	2,765,472	$ 11,222	528,278	2,473,572	(12,072)	$ (235,528)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022						6,929,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income	261,185
Other comprehensive income	512
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	2,755,806	$ 11,222	509,205	2,608,100	(11,560)	$ (361,161)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023						9,638,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	2,745,145	$ 11,222	512,928	2,494,106	(11,816)	$ (261,295)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022						7,324,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income	164,040			164,040
Other comprehensive income	256				256
Dividends declared	(50,046)			(50,046)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(4,927)		(11,769)			$ 6,842
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(229,000)
Stock-based compensation	7,431		7,431
Share repurchases (in shares)						2,543,000
Share repurchases	(106,708)					$ (106,708)
Other	615		615
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 2,755,806	$ 11,222	509,205	2,608,100	(11,560)	$ (361,161)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023						9,638,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	99,426,526	112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 2,771,943	$ 11,222	525,369	2,707,715	(7,981)	$ (464,382)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	12,796,339					12,796,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income	$ 95,173			95,173
Other comprehensive income	134				134
Dividends declared	(59,094)			(59,094)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(8,820)		(26,661)			$ 17,841
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(495,000)
Stock-based compensation	7,672		7,672
Share repurchases (in shares)						1,298,000
Share repurchases	(47,654)					$ (47,654)
Other	292		292
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		112,222,000
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2,759,646	$ 11,222	506,672	2,743,794	(7,847)	$ (494,195)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023						13,599,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	99,426,526	112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 2,771,943	$ 11,222	525,369	2,707,715	(7,981)	$ (464,382)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	12,796,339					12,796,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income	$ 180,004
Other comprehensive income	$ 268
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	98,752,018	112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 2,803,074	$ 11,222	502,586	2,786,495	(7,713)	$ (489,516)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	13,470,847					13,471,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2,759,646	$ 11,222	506,672	2,743,794	(7,847)	$ (494,195)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023						13,599,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income	84,831			84,831
Other comprehensive income	134				134
Dividends declared	(42,130)			(42,130)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(3,356)		(12,012)			$ 8,656
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(230,000)
Stock-based compensation	8,429		8,429
Share repurchases (in shares)						102,000
Share repurchases	(3,977)					$ (3,977)
Other	$ (503)		(503)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	98,752,018	112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 2,803,074	$ 11,222	$ 502,586	$ 2,786,495	$ (7,713)	$ (489,516)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	13,470,847					13,471,000

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_7

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25
Dividends declared, supplemental (in dollars per share)	$ 0.17	$ 0.34	$ 0.235	$ 0.47

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDA_8

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 180,004,000	$ 261,185,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	198,536,000	192,910,000
Asset impairment charges	0	12,097,000
Provision for credit loss	90,000	3,222,000
Stock-based compensation	16,101,000	15,704,000
(Gain) loss on investment securities	287,000	(24,661,000)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	(14,955,000)	(27,298,000)
Other gain on sale of assets	(12,000)	(4,898,000)
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(15,933,000)	3,165,000
Other	1,630,000	1,780,000
Change in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(23,060,000)	(70,680,000)
Inventories of materials and supplies	(13,796,000)	(12,116,000)
Prepaid expenses and other	2,862,000	(16,387,000)
Other noncurrent assets	(9,369,000)	(1,060,000)
Accounts payable	17,505,000	33,610,000
Accrued liabilities	(15,851,000)	(42,614,000)
Deferred income tax liability	133,000	(711,000)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(5,655,000)	3,006,000
Net cash provided by operating activities	318,517,000	326,254,000
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures	(254,711,000)	(181,479,000)
Purchase of short-term investments	(74,749,000)	(64,418,000)
Purchase of long-term investments	(8,013,000)	(18,771,000)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	87,122,000	97,744,000
Insurance proceeds from involuntary conversion	4,980,000	0
Proceeds from asset sales	20,898,000	47,718,000
Net cash used in investing activities	(224,473,000)	(119,206,000)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Dividends paid	(84,371,000)	(102,941,000)
Payments for employee taxes on net settlement of equity awards	(12,176,000)	(14,410,000)
Share repurchases	(51,302,000)	(145,013,000)
Other	(250,000)	(790,000)
Net cash used in financing activities	(148,099,000)	(263,154,000)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(54,055,000)	(56,106,000)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	316,238,000	269,009,000
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	262,183,000	212,903,000
Cash paid/(received) during the period:
Interest paid	8,047,000	8,919,000
Income tax paid	81,294,000	118,090,000
Income tax received	0	(25,687,000)
Payments for operating leases	6,714,000	5,970,000
Non-cash operating and investing activities:
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to purchases of property, plant and equipment	$ (15,716,000)	$ 601,000

NATURE OF OPERATIONS

NATURE OF OPERATIONS	6 Months Ended
NATURE OF OPERATIONS	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
NATURE OF OPERATIONS	NOTE 1 NATURE OF OPERATIONS Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (“H&P,” which, together with its subsidiaries, is identified as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” except where stated or the context requires otherwise) through its operating subsidiaries provides performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies that are intended to make hydrocarbon recovery safer and more economical for oil and gas exploration and production companies. Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico and International Solutions. Our real estate operations, our incubator program for new research and development projects and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." Refer to Note 12—Business Segments and Geographic Information for further details on our reportable segments. Our North America Solutions operations are primarily located in Texas, but also traditionally operate in other states, depending on demand. Such states include: Colorado, Louisiana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Additionally, Offshore Gulf of Mexico operations are conducted in Louisiana and in U.S. federal waters in the Gulf of Mexico and our International Solutions operations have rigs and/or services primarily located in five international locations: Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Colombia, and the United Arab Emirates. We also own and operate a limited number of commercial real estate properties located in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Our real estate investments include a shopping center and undeveloped real estate.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTI

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES , RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES	NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES Interim Financial Information The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of those of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Income from discontinued operations was presented as a separate line item on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023. To conform with the current fiscal year presentation, we reclassified amounts previously presented in Income from discontinued operations, which were not material, to Other within Other income (expense) on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023. Principles of Consolidation The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of H&P and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company gains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income, expenses and other comprehensive income or loss of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the fiscal year are included in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are subject to potential credit risk, and certain of our cash accounts carry balances greater than the federally insured limits. We recorded restricted cash of $68.5 million and $53.2 million at March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $59.1 million and $36.9 million at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. All restricted cash at March 31, 2024 represents an amount management has elected to restrict for the purpose of potential insurance claims in our wholly-owned captive insurance companies. Of the total at September 30, 2023, $0.7 million is related to the acquisition of drilling technology companies, and $58.4 million represents an amount management has elected to restrict for the purpose of potential insurance claims in our wholly-owned captive insurance companies. The restricted amounts are primarily invested in short-term money market securities. Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: March 31, September 30, (in thousands) 2024 2023 2023 2022 Cash and cash equivalents $ 193,636 $ 159,672 $ 257,174 $ 232,131 Restricted cash 68,547 53,231 59,064 36,246 Restricted cash - long-term: Other assets, net — — — 632 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 262,183 $ 212,903 $ 316,238 $ 269,009 Related Party Transactions In October 2022, we made a $14.1 million equity investment, representing 106.0 million common shares in Tamboran Resources Limited ("Tamboran Resources"). In December 2023, all shares of Tamboran Resources were transferred to Tamboran Resources Corporation ("Tamboran Corp.") in exchange for depository interests in Tamboran Corp. Tamboran Corp. is publicly traded on the Australian Securities Exchange under the ticker "TBN" and is focused on developing a natural gas resource in Australia's Beetaloo Sub-basin. One of our executive officers serves as a director of Tamboran Corp. pursuant to nomination rights in the investment agreement. Refer to Note 10—Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments for additional information related to our investment. Concurrent with the investment agreement, we entered into a fixed-term drilling services agreement with Tamboran Resources. As of March 31, 2024, we recorded $2.7 million in receivables, $8.1 million in other assets and $5.1 million in contract liabilities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2023, we recorded $2.8 million in receivables, $8.0 million in other assets and $6.6 million in contract liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recorded $2.7 million and $7.0 million in revenue on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, related to the drilling services agreement with Tamboran Resources, which commenced drilling services during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2023. We expect to earn $33.7 million in revenue over the remaining contract term, and, as such, this amount is included within our contract backlog as of March 31, 2024. Recently Issued Accounting Updates Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of ASUs listed below, immaterial, or already adopted by the Company. The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements: Standard Description Date of Effect on the Financial Standards that are not yet adopted as of March 31, 2024 ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures This ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this update enhance annual and interim disclosure requirements, determine significant segment expense, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. Upon adoption, the amendments shall be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. October 1, 2024 We plan to adopt this ASU, as required, during fiscal year 2025. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures. ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures This ASU enhances income tax disclosure requirements. Under the ASU, public business entities must annually (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). Specific categories that must be included in the reconciliation for each annual reporting period are specified in the amendment. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. Upon adoption, the amendments shall be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. October 1, 2025 We plan to adopt this ASU, as required, during fiscal year 2026. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures. Self-Insurance We continue to use our captive insurance companies to insure the deductibles for our domestic workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability claims programs, and medical stop-loss program and to insure the deductibles from the Company's international casualty and property programs. Our operating subsidiaries are paying premiums to the Captives, typically on a monthly basis, for the estimated losses based on an external actuarial analysis. These premiums are currently held in a restricted cash account, resulting in a transfer of risk from our operating subsidiaries to the Captives. Direct operating costs primarily consisted of adjustments of $1.6 million and $1.7 million to accruals for estimated losses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $5.1 million and $4.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $9.9 million and $10.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $19.0 million and $20.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These operating costs were recorded within Drilling services operating expenses in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $15.8 million and $17.7 million, respectively, and $31.0 million and $34.1 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. These intercompany insurance premiums are reflected as segment operating expenses within the North America Solutions, International Solutions, and Offshore Gulf of Mexico reportable operating segments and are reflected as intersegment sales within "Other." Our medical stop loss operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $3.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively, and $7.3 million and $5.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. International Solutions Drilling Risks International Solutions drilling operations may significantly contribute to our revenues and net operating income. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully conduct such operations, and a failure to do so may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Also, the success of our International Solutions operations will be subject to numerous contingencies, some of which are beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general and regional economic conditions, geopolitical developments and tensions, war and uncertainty in oil-producing countries, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, modified exchange controls, changes in international regulatory requirements and international employment issues, risk of expropriation of real and personal property and the burden of complying with foreign laws. Additionally, in the event that extended labor strikes occur or a country experiences significant political, economic or social instability, we could experience shortages in labor and/or material and supplies necessary to operate some of our drilling rigs, thereby potentially causing an adverse material effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have also experienced certain risks specific to our Argentine operations. In Argentina, while our dayrate is denominated in U.S. dollars, we are paid the equivalent in Argentine pesos. The Central Bank of Argentina maintains certain currency controls that limit our ability to access U.S. dollars and remit funds from our Argentine operations. In the past, the Argentine government has also instituted price controls on crude oil, diesel and gasoline prices and instituted an exchange rate freeze in connection with those prices. These price controls and an exchange rate freeze could be instituted again in the future. Further, there are additional concerns regarding Argentina's debt burden, notwithstanding Argentina's restructuring deal with international bondholders in August 2020, as Argentina attempts to manage its substantial sovereign debt issues. These concerns could further negatively impact Argentina's economy and adversely affect our Argentine operations. Argentina’s economy is considered highly inflationary, which is defined as cumulative inflation rates exceeding 100 percent in the most recent three-year period based on inflation data published by the respective governments. All of our foreign subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency and local currency monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars with gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions included in current results of operations. We recorded aggregate foreign currency losses of $0.6 million and $2.4 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively . The aggregate foreign currency loss for three and six months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to Argentina's devaluation of its peso relative to the U.S. dollar by approximately 55 percent in December 2023 . In the future, we may incur larger currency devaluations, foreign exchange restrictions or other difficulties repatriating U.S. dollars from Argentina or elsewhere, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As of March 31, 2024, our cash balance in Argentina was the U.S. dollar equivalent of $13.0 million in Argentine Pesos. Because of the impact of local laws, our future operations in certain areas may be conducted through entities in which local citizens own interests and through entities (including joint ventures) in which we hold only a minority interest or pursuant to arrangements under which we conduct operations under contract to local entities. While we believe that neither operating through such entities nor pursuant to such arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our operations or revenues, there can be no assurance that we will in all cases be able to structure or restructure our operations to conform to local law (or the administration thereof) on terms acceptable to us. Although we attempt to minimize the potential impact of such risks by operating in more than one geographical area, during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, approximately 6.9 percent and 7.5 percent of our operating revenues were generated from international locations compared to 7.4 percent and 7.5 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, approximately 74.6 percent and 76.7 percent of operating revenues from international locations were from operations in South America compared to 86.3 percent and 88.4 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively. Substantially all of the South American operating revenues were from Argentina and Colombia. The future occurrence of one or more international events arising from the types of risks described above could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT	6 Months Ended
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT	Mar. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT	NOTE 3 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023 consisted of the following: (in thousands) Estimated Useful Lives March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Drilling services equipment 4 - 15 years $ 6,529,103 $ 6,396,612 Tubulars 4 years 570,981 564,032 Real estate properties 10 - 45 years 48,463 47,313 Other 2 - 23 years 455,147 443,366 Construction in progress 1 131,171 97,374 7,734,865 7,548,697 Accumulated depreciation (4,741,040) (4,627,002) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 2,993,825 $ 2,921,695 Assets held-for-sale $ — $ 645 (1) Included in construction in progress are costs for projects in progress to upgrade or refurbish certain rigs in our existing fleet. Additionally, we include other advances for capital maintenance purchase-orders that are open/in process. As these various projects are completed, the costs are then classified to their appropriate useful life category. Depreciation Depreciation expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $102.9 million and $94.6 million, including abandonments of $2.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, depreciation expense included $7.3 million of accelerated depreciation for components on rigs that are scheduled for conversion in fiscal year 2024 as compared to $0.8 million for three months ended March 31, 2023. Depreciation expense during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $195.3 million and $189.5 million, including abandonments of $3.1 million and $2.1 million, respectively. During the six months ended March 31, 2024 , depreciation expense included $8.2 million of accelerated depreciation for components on rigs that are scheduled for conversion in fiscal year 2024 as compared to $1.7 million for six months ended March 31, 2023. These expenses are recorded within Depreciation and amortization on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. I n November 2022, a fire at a wellsite caused substantial damage to one of our super-spec rigs within our North America Solutions segment. The major components were destroyed beyond repair and considered a total loss, and, as a result, these assets were written off and the rig was removed from our available rig count. At the time of the loss, the rig was fully insured under replacement cost insurance. The loss of $9.2 million was recorded as abandonment expense within Depreciation and amortization in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and was offset by an insurance recovery that was also recognized within Depreciation and amortization for the same amount as the loss. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, we collected $9.2 million of the total expected insurance proceeds. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized a gain on involuntary conversion of the rig of $5.5 million. We collected $5.0 million of insurance proceeds during the period, with an outstanding receivable of $0.5 million as of March 31, 2024. The total insurance proceeds received during the period exceeds the recognized loss and therefore was recognized as a gain within operating income during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Impairment Charges Fiscal Year 2024 Activity We did not record any impairment charges during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024. Fiscal Year 2023 Activity During the six months ended March 31, 2023, our North America Solutions assets that were previously classified as Assets held-for-sale at September 30, 2022 were either sold or written down to scrap value. The aggregate net book value of these remaining assets was $3.0 million, which exceeded the estimated scrap value of $0.3 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $2.7 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023. During the same period, we also identified additional equipment that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and was reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The aggregate net book value of the equipment of $1.4 million was written down to its estimated scrap value of $0.1 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023. These impairment charges are recorded within our North America Solutions segment in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company initiated a plan to decommission and scrap four international FlexRig ® drilling rigs and four conventional drilling rigs located in Argentina that are not suitable for unconventional drilling. As a result, these rigs were reclassified to Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023. The rigs’ aggregate net book value of $8.8 million was written down to the estimated scrap value of $0.7 million, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $8.1 million within our International Solutions segment and recorded in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2023. Gain on Reimbursement of Drilling Equipment We recognized gains of $7.5 million and $15.0 million during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, and $11.6 million and $27.3 million during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively, related to customer reimbursement for the current replacement value of lost or damaged drill pipe. Gains related to these asset sales are recorded in Gains on reimbursement of drilling equipment within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS	6 Months Ended
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS	Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS	NOTE 4 GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill During the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, we had no additions or impairments to goodwill. As of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, the goodwill balance was $45.7 million. Intangible Assets Our intangible assets are recorded within our North America Solutions reportable segment and consist of the following: March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Finite-lived intangible asset: Developed technology 15 years $ 89,096 $ 37,070 $ 52,026 $ 89,096 $ 34,092 $ 55,004 Intellectual property 13 years 2,000 582 1,418 2,000 503 1,497 Trade name 20 years 5,865 1,949 3,916 5,865 1,791 4,074 $ 96,961 $ 39,601 $ 57,360 $ 96,961 $ 36,386 $ 60,575 Amortization expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively and $3.2 million and $3.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense is estimated to be approximately $3.2 million for the remainder of fiscal year 2024, and approximately $6.4 million for fiscal year 2025 through 2028.

DEBT

DEBT	6 Months Ended
DEBT	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
DEBT	NOTE 5 DEBT We have the following unsecured long-term debt outstanding with maturity shown in the following table: March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Face Amount Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost Book Value Face Amount Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost Book Value Unsecured senior notes: Due September 29, 2031 $ 550,000 $ (4,559) $ 545,441 $ 550,000 $ (4,856) $ 545,144 Long-term debt $ 550,000 $ (4,559) $ 545,441 $ 550,000 $ (4,856) $ 545,144 2.90% Senior Notes due 2031 On September 29, 2021, we issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2.90 percent 2031 Notes in an offering to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in the United States pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) and to certain non-U.S. persons in transactions outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act (“Regulation S”). Interest on the 2031 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 29 and September 29 of each year, commencing on March 29, 2022. In June 2022, we settled a registered exchange offer (the “Registered Exchange Offer”) to exchange the 2031 Notes for new, SEC-registered notes that are substantially identical to the terms of the 2031 Notes, except that the offer and issuance of the new notes have been registered under the Securities Act and certain transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional interest provisions relating to the 2031 Notes do not apply to the new notes. All of the 2031 Notes were exchanged in the Registered Exchange Offer. The indenture governing the 2031 Notes contains certain covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur certain liens; engage in sale and lease-back transactions; and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. The indenture governing the 2031 Notes also contains customary events of default with respect to the 2031 Notes. Credit Facility On November 13, 2018, we entered into a credit agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, which was amended on November 13, 2019, providing for an unsecured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “2018 Credit Facility”), that was set to mature on November 13, 2024. On April 16, 2021, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 13, 2024 to November 12, 2025. No other terms of the 2018 Credit Facility were amended in connection with this extension. On March 8, 2022, we entered into the second amendment to the 2018 Credit Facility, which, among other things, raised the number of potential future extensions of the maturity date applicable to extending lenders from one to two such potential extensions and replaced provisions in respect of interest rate determinations that were based on the London Interbank Offered Rate with provisions based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate. Additionally, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 12, 2025 to November 11, 2026. On February 10, 2023, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 11, 2026 to November 12, 2027. The remaining $70.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility will expire on November 13, 2024, unless extended by the applicable lender before such date. The 2018 Credit Facility has $750.0 million in aggregate availability with a maximum of $75.0 million available for use as letters of credit. As of March 31, 2024, there were no borrowings or letters of credit outstanding, leaving $750.0 million available to borrow under the 2018 Credit Facility. For a full description of the 2018 Credit Facility, see Note 6—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As of March 31, 2024, we had $95.0 million in uncommitted bilateral credit facilities, for the purpose of obtaining the issuance of international letters of credit, bank guarantees, and performance bonds. Of the $95.0 million, $40.0 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2024. Separately, we had $5.0 million in standby letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding. In total, we had $45.0 million outstanding as of March 31, 2024.

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES	6 Months Ended
INCOME TAXES	Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
INCOME TAXES	NOTE 6 INCOME TAXES We use an estimated annual effective tax rate for purposes of determining the income tax provision during interim reporting periods. In calculating our estimated annual effective tax rate, we consider forecasted annual pre-tax income and estimated permanent book versus tax differences. Adjustments to the effective tax rate and estimates could occur during the year as information and assumptions change which could include, but are not limited to, changes to the forecasted amounts, estimates of permanent book versus tax differences, and changes to tax laws and rates. Our income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $32.2 million and $51.1 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 27.5 percent and 23.8 percent, respectively. Our income tax expense for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $62.3 million and $83.5 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 25.7 percent and 24.2 percent, respectively. Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes, and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2024 differs from U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to a discrete tax benefit of $0.9 million related to equity compensation. Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes, and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to a discrete tax expense of $0.2 million related to equity compensation. As of March 31, 2024, we have recorded unrecognized tax benefits and related interest and penalties of approximately $3.4 million. We believe it is reasonably possible that up to $2.8 million of the unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties will be recognized as of June 30, 2024 as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations. We cannot predict with certainty if we will achieve ultimate resolution of any additional uncertain tax positions associated with our U.S. and international operations resulting in any additional material increases or decreases of our unrecognized tax benefits for the next twelve months.

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	6 Months Ended
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	Mar. 31, 2024
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	NOTE 7 SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY The Company has an evergreen authorization from the Board of Directors ("the Board") for the repurchase of up to four million common shares in any calendar year. The repurchases may be made using our cash and cash equivalents or other available sources. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, we repurchased 0.1 million and 1.4 million common shares at an aggregate cost of $4.0 million and $51.6 million, respectively, including excise tax of $0.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased 2.5 million and 3.4 million common shares at an aggregate cost of $106.7 million and $145.8 million (including excise tax of $0.8 million in both periods), respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, we declared $42.1 million and $101.2 million, respectively, in cash dividends. A base cash dividend of $0.25 per share and a supplemental dividend of $0.17 per share was declared on February 28, 2024 for shareholders of record on May 17, 2024, payable on May 31, 2024. As a result, we recorded a Dividend payable of $42.0 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows: March 31, September 30, (in thousands) 2024 2023 Pre-tax amounts: Unrealized pension actuarial loss $ (10,059) $ (10,407) $ (10,059) $ (10,407) After-tax amounts: Unrealized pension actuarial loss $ (7,713) $ (7,981) $ (7,713) $ (7,981) Fluctuations in actuarial gains and losses are primarily due to changes in the discount rate and investment returns related to the defined benefit pension plan. The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, related to the defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024: (in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 Balance at beginning of period $ (7,847) $ (7,981) Activity during the period: Net current-period other comprehensive income 134 268 134 268 Balance at March 31, 2024 $ (7,713) $ (7,713)

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUS

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS	6 Months Ended
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS	NOTE 8 REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS Drilling Services Revenue The majority of our drilling services are performed on a “daywork” contract basis, under which we charge a rate per day, with the price determined by the location, depth and complexity of the well to be drilled, operating conditions, the duration of the contract, and the competitive forces of the market. These drilling services, including our technology solutions, represent a series of distinct daily services that are substantially the same, with the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Because our customers benefit equally throughout the service period and our efforts in providing drilling services are incurred relatively evenly over the period of performance, revenue is recognized over time using a time-based input measure as we provide services to the customer. For any contracts that include a provision for pooled term days at contract inception, followed by the assignment of days to specific rigs throughout the contract term, we have elected, as a practical expedient, to recognize revenue in the amount for which the entity has a right to invoice, as permitted by ASC 606. Performance-based contracts are contracts pursuant to which we are compensated partly based upon our performance against a mutually agreed upon set of predetermined targets. These types of contracts are relatively new to the industry and typically have a lower base dayrate, but give us the opportunity to receive additional compensation by meeting or exceeding certain performance targets agreed to by our customers. The variable consideration that we expect to receive is estimated at the most likely amount, and constrained to an amount such that it is probable a significant reversal of revenue previously recognized will not occur based on the performance targets. Total revenue recognized from performance contracts, including performance bonuses, was $287.8 million and $586.0 million, of which $10.4 million and $25.6 million was related to performance bonuses recognized due to the achievement of performance targets during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively. Total revenue recognized from performance contracts, including performance bonuses, was $297.2 million and $567.2 million, of which $11.5 million and $21.6 million was related to performance bonuses recognized due to the achievement of performance targets during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively. Contract Costs We had capitalized fulfillment costs of $10.6 million and $11.4 million as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively. Remaining Performance Obligations The total aggregate transaction price allocated to the unsatisfied performance obligations, commonly referred to as backlog, as of March 31, 2024 was approximately $1.7 billion, of which approximately $0.6 billion is expected to be recognized during the remainder of fiscal year 2024, approximately $0.5 billion during fiscal year 2025, and approximately $0.6 billion in fiscal year 2026 and thereafter. These amounts do not include anticipated contract renewals or expected performance bonuses as part of its calculation. Additionally, contracts that currently contain month-to-month terms are represented in our backlog as one month of unsatisfied performance obligations. Our contracts are subject to cancellation or modification at the election of the customer; however, due to the level of capital deployed by our customers on underlying projects, we have not been materially adversely affected by contract cancellations or modifications in the past. Contract Assets and Liabilities The following tables summarize the balances of our contract assets (net of allowance for estimated credit losses) and liabilities at the dates indicated: (in thousands) March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Contract assets, net $ 4,772 $ 6,560 (in thousands) March 31, 2024 Contract liabilities balance at September 30, 2023 $ 28,882 Payment received/accrued and deferred 29,242 Revenue recognized during the period (31,320) Contract liabilities balance at March 31, 2024 $ 26,804

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE	6 Months Ended
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE	NOTE 9 EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ASC 260, Earnings per Share, requires companies to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. We have granted and expect to continue to grant to employees restricted stock grants that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Such grants are considered participating securities under ASC 260. As such, we are required to include these grants in the calculation of our basic earnings per share and calculate basic earnings per share using the two-class method. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Basic earnings per share is computed utilizing the two-class method and is calculated based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the periods utilizing the two-class method for stock options, non-vested restricted stock and performance units. Under the two-class method of calculating earnings per share, dividends paid and a portion of undistributed net income, but not losses, are allocated to unvested restricted stock grants that receive dividends, which are considered participating securities. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, Income from discontinued operations was presented as a separate line item on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. To conform with the current fiscal year presentation, we reclassified amounts previously presented in Income from discontinued operations, which were not material, to Other within Other income (expense) on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023. To conform with the current fiscal year presentation, basic and diluted earnings per share for continuing and discontinued operations are presented in the aggregate, for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, as presented below. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Numerator: Net income $ 84,831 $ 164,040 $ 180,004 261,185 Adjustment for basic earnings per share Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders (1,242) (2,237) (2,489) (3,511) Numerator for basic earnings per share 83,589 161,803 177,515 257,674 Adjustment for diluted earnings per share Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders 2 6 3 6 Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ 83,591 $ 161,809 $ 177,518 $ 257,680 Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares 98,774 103,968 98,960 104,615 Effect of dilutive shares from restricted stock and performance share units 272 395 256 388 Denominator for diluted earnings per share - adjusted weighted-average shares 99,046 104,363 99,216 105,003 Basic earnings per common share: $ 0.85 $ 1.55 $ 1.79 $ 2.46 Diluted earnings per common share: $ 0.84 $ 1.55 $ 1.79 $ 2.46 The following potentially dilutive average shares attributable to outstanding equity awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive 2,684 2,426 2,388 2,516 Weighted-average price per share $ 57.93 $ 62.03 $ 60.63 $ 61.74

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINAN

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS	6 Months Ended
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS	NOTE 10 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS We have certain assets and liabilities that are required to be measured and disclosed at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We use the following fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820-10 to measure fair value to prioritize the inputs: • Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date. • Level 2 — Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. • Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. Fair Value Measurements The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value and indicate the level in the fair value hierarchy in which we classify the fair value measurement as of the dates indicated below: March 31, 2024 (in thousands) Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets Short-term investments: Corporate and municipal debt securities $ 38,756 $ — $ 38,756 $ — U.S. government and federal agency securities 44,634 44,634 — — Total 83,390 44,634 38,756 — Long-term Investments: Recurring fair value measurements: Equity securities: Non-qualified supplemental savings plan 16,165 16,165 — — Investment in ADNOC Drilling 172,620 172,620 — — Investment in Tamboran 11,734 11,734 — — Debt securities: Investment in Galileo 36,301 — — 36,301 Geothermal debt securities 2,000 — — 2,000 Other debt securities 5,250 5,000 — 250 Total 244,070 205,519 — 38,551 Nonrecurring fair value measurements 1 : Other equity securities 2,965 — — 2,965 Total 2,965 — — 2,965 Total 247,035 205,519 — 41,516 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ 14,000 $ — $ — $ 14,000 (1) As of March 31, 2024, our equity security investments in geothermal energy totaled $27.2 million and our debt security investments in held to maturity bonds totaled $0.2 million. None of these investments were marked to fair value during the period. The investments are measured at cost, less any impairments. September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets Short-term investments: Corporate debt securities $ 48,764 $ — $ 48,764 $ — U.S. government and federal agency securities 44,836 44,836 — — Total 93,600 44,836 48,764 — Long-term investments: Recurring fair value measurements: Equity securities: Non-qualified supplemental savings plan 14,597 14,597 — — Investment in ADNOC Drilling 174,758 174,758 — — Investment in Tamboran 9,920 9,920 — — Debt securities: Investment in Galileo 35,434 — — 35,434 Geothermal debt securities 2,006 — — 2,006 Total 236,715 199,275 — 37,440 Nonrecurring fair value measurements 1 : Other equity securities 2 2,430 — — 2,430 Total 2,430 — — 2,430 Total $ 239,145 $ 199,275 $ — $ 39,870 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ 9,455 $ — $ — $ 9,455 (1) As of September 30, 2023, our equity security investments in geothermal energy totaled $25.2 million. None of these investments were marked to fair value during the period. The investments are measured at cost, less any impairments. (2) As of September 30, 2023, our other equity securities subject to measurement at fair value on a nonrecurring basis totaled $3.0 million, of which $2.4 million has been marked to fair value. The remaining $0.6 million is measured at cost, less any impairments. Recurring Fair Value Measurements Short-term Investments Short-term investments primarily include securities classified as trading securities. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are included in Other income (expense) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. These securities are recorded at fair value. Level 1 inputs include U.S. agency issued debt securities with active markets and money market funds. For these items, quoted current market prices are readily available. Level 2 inputs include corporate bonds measured using broker quotations that utilize observable market inputs. Long-term Investments Equity Securities Our long-term investments include debt and equity securities and assets held in a Non-Qualified Supplemental Savings Plan ("Savings Plan") and are recorded within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our assets that we hold in the Savings Plan are comprised of mutual funds that are measured using Level 1 inputs. During September 2021, the Company made a $100.0 million cornerstone investment in ADNOC Drilling in advance of its announced initial public offering, representing 159.7 million shares of ADNOC Drilling, equivalent to a one percent ownership stake and subject to a three-year lockup period. ADNOC Drilling’s initial public offering was completed on October 3, 2021, and its shares are listed and traded on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. Our investment is classified as a long-term equity investment within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value with any gains or losses recognized through net income and recorded within Gain (loss) on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Consistent with the provisions of ASU No. 2022-03, contractual sale restrictions are not considered in the fair value measurement of our investment in ADNOC Drilling. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized gain (loss) of $8.3 million and $(2.1) million, respectively, on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment compared to gain of $42.6 million and $24.4 million during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment based on the quoted stock price on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. Equity Securities with Fair Value Option In October 2022, we made a $14.1 million equity investment, representing 106.0 million common shares in Tamboran Resources Limited. In December 2023, all shares of Tamboran Resources were transferred to Tamboran Resources Corporation in exchange for depository interests in Tamboran Corp. Tamboran Corp. is publicly traded on the Australian Securities Exchange under the ticker "TBN" and is focused on developing a natural gas resource in Australia's Beetaloo Sub-basin. We believe we have a significant influence, but not control or joint control over the investee, due to several factors, including our ownership percentage (approximately 5.1 percent as of March 31, 2024), operational involvement and role on the investee's board of directors. Our investment is classified as a long-term equity investment within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2024. We consider this investment to have a readily determinable fair value and have elected to account for this investment using the fair value option with any changes in fair value recognized through net income. Under the guidance, Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment based on the quoted stock price which is publicly available. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized gain (loss) of $(4.5) million and $1.8 million, respectively, recorded within Gain (loss) on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment compared to a gain (loss) of $(3.0) million and $0.1 million during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively. Debt Securities During April 2022, the Company made a $33.0 million cornerstone investment in Galileo Holdco 2 Limited Technologies ("Galileo Holdco 2"), part of the group of companies known as Galileo Technologies (“Galileo”) in the form of notes with an option to convert into common shares of the parent of Galileo Holdco 2 ("Galileo parent"). Galileo specializes in liquification, natural gas compression and re-gasification modular systems and technologies to make the production, transportation, and consumption of natural gas, biomethane, and hydrogen more economically viable. The convertible note bears interest at 5.0 percent per annum with a maturity date of the earlier of April 2027 or an exit event (as defined in the agreement as either an initial public offering or a sale of Galileo). During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, our convertible note agreement was amended to include any interest which has accrued but not yet compounded or issued as a note. As a result, we include accrued interest in our total investment balance. We do not intend to sell this investment prior to its maturity date or an exit event. As of March 31, 2024, the fair value of the convertible note was approximately equal to the cost basis. The following table provides quantitative information (in thousands) about our Level 3 unobservable significant inputs related to our debt security investment with Galileo at the dates included below: March 31, 2024 Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Inputs $ 36,301 Black-Scholes-Merton model Discount rate 20.8 % Risk-free rate 4.3 % Equity volatility 105.0 % The above significant unobservable inputs are subject to change based on changes in economic and market conditions. The use of significant unobservable inputs creates uncertainty in the measurement of fair value as of the reporting date. Significant increases or decreases in the discount rate, risk-free rate, and equity volatility in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. It is not possible for us to predict the effect of future economic or market conditions on our estimated fair values. A majority of our long-term debt securities, including our investment in Galileo, are classified as available-for-sale and are measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs based on the absence of market activity. The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 assets for the periods presented below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Assets at beginning of period $ 37,868 $ 33,107 $ 37,440 $ 33,565 Purchases 250 2,033 250 2,075 Accrued interest 433 — 866 — Transfers out — — — (500) Reserves — — (5) — Assets at end of period $ 38,551 $ 35,140 $ 38,551 $ 35,140 Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements We have certain assets that are subject to measurement at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. For these nonfinancial assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition is applicable if they are determined to be impaired. These assets generally include property, plant and equipment, goodwill, intangible assets, and operating lease right-of-use assets. If measured at fair value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, these would generally be classified within Level 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Further details on any changes in valuation of these assets is provided in their respective footnotes. Equity Securities We also hold various other equity securities without readily determinable fair values, primarily comprised of geothermal investments. These equity securities are initially measured at cost, less any impairments, and will be marked to fair value once observable price changes in identical or similar investments from the same issuer occur. All of our long-term equity securities are measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs based on the absence of market activity. The following table reconciles changes in the balance of our equity securities, without readily determinable fair values, for the periods presented below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in millions) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Assets at beginning of period $ 28,523 $ 25,800 $ 28,232 $ 23,745 Purchases 2,245 501 2,536 2,556 Disposals (616) — (616) — Assets at end of period $ 30,152 $ 26,301 $ 30,152 $ 26,301 Contingent Consideration Other financial instruments measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs primarily consist of potential earnout payments associated with our business acquisitions in fiscal year 2019. Contingent consideration is recorded in Accrued liabilities on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the expected timing of milestone achievements. The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 liabilities for the periods presented below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Liabilities at beginning of period $ 8,350 $ 3,780 $ 9,455 $ 4,022 Additions — — — 500 Total gains or losses: Included in earnings 5,650 1,750 5,670 1,758 Settlements 1 — (500) (1,125) (1,250) Liabilities at end of period $ 14,000 $ 5,030 $ 14,000 $ 5,030 (1) Settlements represent earnout payments that have been paid or earned during the period. Other Financial Instruments The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these items. The majority of cash equivalents are invested in highly liquid money-market mutual funds invested primarily in direct or indirect obligations of the U.S. Government and in federally insured deposit accounts. The carrying value of accounts receivable, other current and noncurrent assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities approximated fair value at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023. The following information presents the supplemental fair value information for our long-term fixed-rate debt at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023: (in millions) March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Long-term debt, net Carrying value $ 545.4 $ 545.1 Fair value 461.2 435.5 The fair values of the long-term fixed-rate debt is based on broker quotes at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023. The notes are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as they are not actively traded in markets.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	6 Months Ended
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	NOTE 11 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Lease Obligations During the six months ended March 31, 2024, we amended the lease for our Tulsa industrial facility. As part of the amendment, we extended the lease term, now continuing through June 30, 2035 with two five year renewal options, resulting in an increase of $18.1 million to the right-of-use assets and lease liability on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We recognized one of the five year renewal options as part of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. This contract is accounted for as an operating lease. Purchase Commitments Equipment, parts, and supplies are ordered in advance to promote efficient construction and capital improvement progress. At March 31, 2024, we had purchase commitments for equipment, parts and supplies of approximately $153.2 million. Guarantee Arrangements We are contingently liable to sureties in respect of bonds issued by the sureties in connection with certain commitments entered into by us in the normal course of business. We have agreed to indemnify the sureties for any payments made by them in respect of such bonds. Contingencies During the ordinary course of our business, contingencies arise resulting from an existing condition, situation or set of circumstances involving an uncertainty as to the realization of a possible gain or loss contingency. We account for gain contingencies in accordance with the provisions of ASC 450, Contingencies, and, therefore, we do not record gain contingencies or recognize income until realized. The property and equipment of our Venezuelan subsidiary was seized by the Venezuelan government on June 30, 2010. Our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Helmerich & Payne International Drilling Co. ("HPIDC"), and Helmerich & Payne de Venezuela, C.A. filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on September 23, 2011 against the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A. and PDVSA Petroleo, S.A., seeking damages for the seizure of their Venezuelan drilling business in violation of international law and for breach of contract. While there exists the possibility of realizing a recovery on HPIDC's expropriation claims, we are currently unable to determine the timing or amounts we may receive, if any, or the likelihood of recovery.

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHI

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION	6 Months Ended
BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION	NOTE 12 BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Description of the Business We are a performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies company based in Tulsa, Oklahoma with operations in all major U.S. onshore oil and gas producing basins as well as South America, the Middle East and Australia. Our drilling operations consist mainly of contracting Company-owned drilling equipment primarily to large oil and gas exploration companies. We believe we are the recognized industry leader in drilling as well as technological innovation. We focus on offering our customers an integrated solutions-based approach by combining proprietary rig technology, automation software, and digital expertise into our rig operations rather than a product-based offering, such as a rig or separate technology package. Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, International Solutions, and Offshore Gulf of Mexico. Each reportable operating segment is a strategic business unit that is managed separately, and consolidated revenues and expenses reflect the elimination of all material intercompany transactions. Our real estate operations, our incubator program for new research and development projects, and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." External revenues included in “Other” primarily consist of rental income. Segment Performance We evaluate segment performance based on income (segment operating income) before income taxes which includes: • Revenues from external and internal customers • Direct operating expenses • Depreciation and amortization • Research and development • Allocated general and administrative expenses • Asset impairment charges but excludes gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment, other gain (loss) on sale of assets, corporate selling, general and administrative costs, and corporate depreciation. General and administrative costs are allocated to the segments based primarily on specific identification and, to the extent that such identification is not practical, other methods may be used which we believe to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided. Summarized financial information of our reportable segments for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is shown in the following tables: Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 613,339 $ 45,878 $ 25,913 $ 2,813 $ — $ 687,943 Intersegment — — — 15,746 (15,746) — Total sales 613,339 45,878 25,913 18,559 (15,746) 687,943 Segment operating income $ 147,130 $ 3,569 $ 78 $ 2,785 $ (772) $ 152,790 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 675,780 $ 55,890 $ 34,979 $ 2,573 $ — $ 769,222 Intersegment — — — 17,662 (17,662) — Total sales 675,780 55,890 34,979 20,235 (17,662) 769,222 Segment operating income $ 182,149 $ 3,955 $ 6,687 $ 6,823 $ (2,267) $ 197,347 Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 1,207,621 $ 100,630 $ 51,444 $ 5,395 $ — $ 1,365,090 Intersegment — — — 30,972 (30,972) — Total sales 1,207,621 100,630 51,444 36,367 (30,972) 1,365,090 Segment operating income $ 291,620 $ 8,992 $ 3,130 $ 2,718 $ (438) $ 306,022 Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 1,302,943 $ 110,691 $ 70,143 $ 5,082 $ — $ 1,488,859 Intersegment — — — 34,064 (34,064) — Total sales 1,302,943 110,691 70,143 39,146 (34,064) 1,488,859 Segment operating income $ 327,446 $ 5,529 $ 13,433 $ 11,500 $ 43 $ 357,951 The following table reconciles segment operating income per the tables above to income before income taxes as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Segment operating income $ 152,790 $ 197,347 $ 306,022 $ 357,951 Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment 7,461 11,574 14,955 27,298 Other gain (loss) on sale of assets (2,431) 2,519 12 4,898 Corporate selling, general and administrative costs and corporate depreciation (47,248) (36,235) (86,949) (70,719) Operating income 110,572 175,205 234,040 319,428 Other income (expense) Interest and dividend income 6,567 5,055 17,301 9,760 Interest expense (4,261) (4,239) (8,633) (8,594) Gain (loss) on investment securities 3,747 39,752 (287) 24,661 Other 400 (604) (143) (546) Total unallocated amounts 6,453 39,964 8,238 25,281 Income before income taxes $ 117,025 $ 215,169 $ 242,278 $ 344,709 The following table reconciles segment total assets to total assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets: (in thousands) March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Total assets 1 North America Solutions $ 3,375,674 $ 3,320,203 International Solutions 468,982 407,143 Offshore Gulf of Mexico 73,983 73,319 Other 152,179 154,290 4,070,818 3,954,955 Investments and corporate operations 354,030 427,001 $ 4,424,848 $ 4,381,956 (1) Assets by segment exclude investments in subsidiaries and intersegment activity. The following table presents revenues from external customers by country based on the location of service provided: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Operating revenues United States $ 640,689 $ 712,302 $ 1,262,306 $ 1,376,475 Argentina 34,024 35,490 69,900 69,324 Colombia 1,242 13,652 8,945 30,021 Bahrain 4,535 4,198 9,032 6,467 United Arab Emirates 3,430 2,542 5,795 4,879 Australia 2,646 — 6,958 — Other foreign 1,377 1,038 2,154 1,693 Total $ 687,943 $ 769,222 $ 1,365,090 $ 1,488,859 Refer to Note 8—Revenue from Contracts with Customers for additional information regarding the recognition of revenue.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 84,831	$ 95,173	$ 164,040	$ 97,145	$ 180,004	$ 261,185

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024 shares	Mar. 31, 2024 shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Cara Hair [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		On February 29, 2024, Cara Hair, Senior Vice President, Corporate Services and Chief Legal and Compliance Officer, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell up to 74,851 shares of Company common stock between May 31, 2024 and February 28, 2025, subject to certain conditions, all of which shares are to be acquired upon the exercise of employee stock options.
Name	Cara Hair
Title	Senior Vice President
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	February 29, 2024
Arrangement Duration	273 days
Michael Lennox [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		On March 1, 2024, Michael Lennox, Senior Vice President, U.S. Land Operations of Helmerich & Payne International Drilling Co., adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell up to 18,400 shares of Company common stock between May 31, 2024 and October 31, 2024, subject to certain conditions, 8,400 of which shares are to be acquired upon the exercise of employee stock options.
Name	Michael Lennox
Title	Senior Vice President
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	March 1, 2024
Arrangement Duration	153 days
Cara Hair Trading Arrangement, Common Stock [Member] \| Cara Hair [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	74,851	74,851
Michael Lennox Trading Arrangement, Common Stock [Member] \| Michael Lennox [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	18,400	18,400
Michael Lennox Trading Arrangement, Stock Options [Member] \| Michael Lennox [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	8,400	8,400

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUN_2

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES , RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (Policies)	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Interim Financial Information	Interim Financial Information The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of those of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
Reclassification, Comparability Adjustment	Income from discontinued operations was presented as a separate line item on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023. To conform with the current fiscal year presentation, we reclassified amounts previously presented in Income from discontinued operations, which were not material, to Other within Other income (expense) on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are subject to potential credit risk, and certain of our cash accounts carry balances greater than the federally insured limits.
Related Party Transactions	Related Party Transactions In October 2022, we made a $14.1 million equity investment, representing 106.0 million common shares in Tamboran Resources Limited ("Tamboran Resources"). In December 2023, all shares of Tamboran Resources were transferred to Tamboran Resources Corporation ("Tamboran Corp.") in exchange for depository interests in Tamboran Corp. Tamboran Corp. is publicly traded on the Australian Securities Exchange under the ticker "TBN" and is focused on developing a natural gas resource in Australia's Beetaloo Sub-basin. One of our executive officers serves as a director of Tamboran Corp. pursuant to nomination rights in the investment agreement. Refer to Note 10—Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments for additional information related to our investment. Concurrent with the investment agreement, we entered into a fixed-term drilling services agreement with Tamboran Resources. As of March 31, 2024, we recorded $2.7 million in receivables, $8.1 million in other assets and $5.1 million in contract liabilities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2023, we recorded $2.8 million in receivables, $8.0 million in other assets and $6.6 million in contract liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recorded $2.7 million and $7.0 million in revenue on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, related to the drilling services agreement with Tamboran Resources, which commenced drilling services during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2023. We expect to earn $33.7 million in revenue over the remaining contract term, and, as such, this amount is included within our contract backlog as of March 31, 2024.
Recently Issued Accounting Updates	Recently Issued Accounting Updates Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of ASUs listed below, immaterial, or already adopted by the Company. The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements: Standard Description Date of Effect on the Financial Standards that are not yet adopted as of March 31, 2024 ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures This ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this update enhance annual and interim disclosure requirements, determine significant segment expense, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. Upon adoption, the amendments shall be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. October 1, 2024 We plan to adopt this ASU, as required, during fiscal year 2025. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures. ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures This ASU enhances income tax disclosure requirements. Under the ASU, public business entities must annually (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). Specific categories that must be included in the reconciliation for each annual reporting period are specified in the amendment. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. Upon adoption, the amendments shall be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. October 1, 2025 We plan to adopt this ASU, as required, during fiscal year 2026. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.
Self-Insurance	Self-Insurance We continue to use our captive insurance companies to insure the deductibles for our domestic workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability claims programs, and medical stop-loss program and to insure the deductibles from the Company's international casualty and property programs. Our operating subsidiaries are paying premiums to the Captives, typically on a monthly basis, for the estimated losses based on an external actuarial analysis. These premiums are currently held in a restricted cash account, resulting in a transfer of risk from our operating subsidiaries to the Captives. Direct operating costs primarily consisted of adjustments of $1.6 million and $1.7 million to accruals for estimated losses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $5.1 million and $4.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $9.9 million and $10.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $19.0 million and $20.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These operating costs were recorded within Drilling services operating expenses in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $15.8 million and $17.7 million, respectively, and $31.0 million and $34.1 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. These intercompany insurance premiums are reflected as segment operating expenses within the North America Solutions, International Solutions, and Offshore Gulf of Mexico reportable operating segments and are reflected as intersegment sales within "Other." Our medical stop loss operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $3.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively, and $7.3 million and $5.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
International Solutions Drilling Risks	International Solutions Drilling Risks International Solutions drilling operations may significantly contribute to our revenues and net operating income. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully conduct such operations, and a failure to do so may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Also, the success of our International Solutions operations will be subject to numerous contingencies, some of which are beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general and regional economic conditions, geopolitical developments and tensions, war and uncertainty in oil-producing countries, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, modified exchange controls, changes in international regulatory requirements and international employment issues, risk of expropriation of real and personal property and the burden of complying with foreign laws. Additionally, in the event that extended labor strikes occur or a country experiences significant political, economic or social instability, we could experience shortages in labor and/or material and supplies necessary to operate some of our drilling rigs, thereby potentially causing an adverse material effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have also experienced certain risks specific to our Argentine operations. In Argentina, while our dayrate is denominated in U.S. dollars, we are paid the equivalent in Argentine pesos. The Central Bank of Argentina maintains certain currency controls that limit our ability to access U.S. dollars and remit funds from our Argentine operations. In the past, the Argentine government has also instituted price controls on crude oil, diesel and gasoline prices and instituted an exchange rate freeze in connection with those prices. These price controls and an exchange rate freeze could be instituted again in the future. Further, there are additional concerns regarding Argentina's debt burden, notwithstanding Argentina's restructuring deal with international bondholders in August 2020, as Argentina attempts to manage its substantial sovereign debt issues. These concerns could further negatively impact Argentina's economy and adversely affect our Argentine operations. Argentina’s economy is considered highly inflationary, which is defined as cumulative inflation rates exceeding 100 percent in the most recent three-year period based on inflation data published by the respective governments. All of our foreign subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency and local currency monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars with gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions included in current results of operations. We recorded aggregate foreign currency losses of $0.6 million and $2.4 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively . The aggregate foreign currency loss for three and six months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to Argentina's devaluation of its peso relative to the U.S. dollar by approximately 55 percent in December 2023 . In the future, we may incur larger currency devaluations, foreign exchange restrictions or other difficulties repatriating U.S. dollars from Argentina or elsewhere, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As of March 31, 2024, our cash balance in Argentina was the U.S. dollar equivalent of $13.0 million in Argentine Pesos. Because of the impact of local laws, our future operations in certain areas may be conducted through entities in which local citizens own interests and through entities (including joint ventures) in which we hold only a minority interest or pursuant to arrangements under which we conduct operations under contract to local entities. While we believe that neither operating through such entities nor pursuant to such arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our operations or revenues, there can be no assurance that we will in all cases be able to structure or restructure our operations to conform to local law (or the administration thereof) on terms acceptable to us.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUN_3

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES , RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (Tables)	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: March 31, September 30, (in thousands) 2024 2023 2023 2022 Cash and cash equivalents $ 193,636 $ 159,672 $ 257,174 $ 232,131 Restricted cash 68,547 53,231 59,064 36,246 Restricted cash - long-term: Other assets, net — — — 632 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 262,183 $ 212,903 $ 316,238 $ 269,009
Schedule of Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: March 31, September 30, (in thousands) 2024 2023 2023 2022 Cash and cash equivalents $ 193,636 $ 159,672 $ 257,174 $ 232,131 Restricted cash 68,547 53,231 59,064 36,246 Restricted cash - long-term: Other assets, net — — — 632 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 262,183 $ 212,903 $ 316,238 $ 269,009
Schedule of Description of Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Analysis of the Effects on the Financial Statements	The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements: Standard Description Date of Effect on the Financial Standards that are not yet adopted as of March 31, 2024 ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures This ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this update enhance annual and interim disclosure requirements, determine significant segment expense, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. Upon adoption, the amendments shall be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. October 1, 2024 We plan to adopt this ASU, as required, during fiscal year 2025. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures. ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures This ASU enhances income tax disclosure requirements. Under the ASU, public business entities must annually (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). Specific categories that must be included in the reconciliation for each annual reporting period are specified in the amendment. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted. Upon adoption, the amendments shall be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. October 1, 2025 We plan to adopt this ASU, as required, during fiscal year 2026. We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (Tables)	6 Months Ended
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment	Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023 consisted of the following: (in thousands) Estimated Useful Lives March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Drilling services equipment 4 - 15 years $ 6,529,103 $ 6,396,612 Tubulars 4 years 570,981 564,032 Real estate properties 10 - 45 years 48,463 47,313 Other 2 - 23 years 455,147 443,366 Construction in progress 1 131,171 97,374 7,734,865 7,548,697 Accumulated depreciation (4,741,040) (4,627,002) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 2,993,825 $ 2,921,695 Assets held-for-sale $ — $ 645 (1) Included in construction in progress are costs for projects in progress to upgrade or refurbish certain rigs in our existing fleet. Additionally, we include other advances for capital maintenance purchase-orders that are open/in process. As these various projects are completed, the costs are then classified to their appropriate useful life category.

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)	6 Months Ended
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Intangible Assets Arising from Business Acquisitions	Our intangible assets are recorded within our North America Solutions reportable segment and consist of the following: March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Finite-lived intangible asset: Developed technology 15 years $ 89,096 $ 37,070 $ 52,026 $ 89,096 $ 34,092 $ 55,004 Intellectual property 13 years 2,000 582 1,418 2,000 503 1,497 Trade name 20 years 5,865 1,949 3,916 5,865 1,791 4,074 $ 96,961 $ 39,601 $ 57,360 $ 96,961 $ 36,386 $ 60,575

DEBT (Tables)

DEBT (Tables)	6 Months Ended
DEBT (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Unsecured Long-Term Debt Outstanding	We have the following unsecured long-term debt outstanding with maturity shown in the following table: March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Face Amount Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost Book Value Face Amount Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost Book Value Unsecured senior notes: Due September 29, 2031 $ 550,000 $ (4,559) $ 545,441 $ 550,000 $ (4,856) $ 545,144 Long-term debt $ 550,000 $ (4,559) $ 545,441 $ 550,000 $ (4,856) $ 545,144

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)	6 Months Ended
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows: March 31, September 30, (in thousands) 2024 2023 Pre-tax amounts: Unrealized pension actuarial loss $ (10,059) $ (10,407) $ (10,059) $ (10,407) After-tax amounts: Unrealized pension actuarial loss $ (7,713) $ (7,981) $ (7,713) $ (7,981)
Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, related to the defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024: (in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 Balance at beginning of period $ (7,847) $ (7,981) Activity during the period: Net current-period other comprehensive income 134 268 134 268 Balance at March 31, 2024 $ (7,713) $ (7,713)

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH C_2

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS (Tables)	6 Months Ended
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Schedule of Contract Assets and Liabilities	The following tables summarize the balances of our contract assets (net of allowance for estimated credit losses) and liabilities at the dates indicated: (in thousands) March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Contract assets, net $ 4,772 $ 6,560 (in thousands) March 31, 2024 Contract liabilities balance at September 30, 2023 $ 28,882 Payment received/accrued and deferred 29,242 Revenue recognized during the period (31,320) Contract liabilities balance at March 31, 2024 $ 26,804

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SH

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE (Tables)	6 Months Ended
EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Numerator: Net income $ 84,831 $ 164,040 $ 180,004 261,185 Adjustment for basic earnings per share Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders (1,242) (2,237) (2,489) (3,511) Numerator for basic earnings per share 83,589 161,803 177,515 257,674 Adjustment for diluted earnings per share Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders 2 6 3 6 Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ 83,591 $ 161,809 $ 177,518 $ 257,680 Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares 98,774 103,968 98,960 104,615 Effect of dilutive shares from restricted stock and performance share units 272 395 256 388 Denominator for diluted earnings per share - adjusted weighted-average shares 99,046 104,363 99,216 105,003 Basic earnings per common share: $ 0.85 $ 1.55 $ 1.79 $ 2.46 Diluted earnings per common share: $ 0.84 $ 1.55 $ 1.79 $ 2.46
Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Shares Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share	The following potentially dilutive average shares attributable to outstanding equity awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands, except per share amounts) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive 2,684 2,426 2,388 2,516 Weighted-average price per share $ 57.93 $ 62.03 $ 60.63 $ 61.74

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FIN_2

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)	6 Months Ended
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis	The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value and indicate the level in the fair value hierarchy in which we classify the fair value measurement as of the dates indicated below: March 31, 2024 (in thousands) Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets Short-term investments: Corporate and municipal debt securities $ 38,756 $ — $ 38,756 $ — U.S. government and federal agency securities 44,634 44,634 — — Total 83,390 44,634 38,756 — Long-term Investments: Recurring fair value measurements: Equity securities: Non-qualified supplemental savings plan 16,165 16,165 — — Investment in ADNOC Drilling 172,620 172,620 — — Investment in Tamboran 11,734 11,734 — — Debt securities: Investment in Galileo 36,301 — — 36,301 Geothermal debt securities 2,000 — — 2,000 Other debt securities 5,250 5,000 — 250 Total 244,070 205,519 — 38,551 Nonrecurring fair value measurements 1 : Other equity securities 2,965 — — 2,965 Total 2,965 — — 2,965 Total 247,035 205,519 — 41,516 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ 14,000 $ — $ — $ 14,000 (1) As of March 31, 2024, our equity security investments in geothermal energy totaled $27.2 million and our debt security investments in held to maturity bonds totaled $0.2 million. None of these investments were marked to fair value during the period. The investments are measured at cost, less any impairments. September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets Short-term investments: Corporate debt securities $ 48,764 $ — $ 48,764 $ — U.S. government and federal agency securities 44,836 44,836 — — Total 93,600 44,836 48,764 — Long-term investments: Recurring fair value measurements: Equity securities: Non-qualified supplemental savings plan 14,597 14,597 — — Investment in ADNOC Drilling 174,758 174,758 — — Investment in Tamboran 9,920 9,920 — — Debt securities: Investment in Galileo 35,434 — — 35,434 Geothermal debt securities 2,006 — — 2,006 Total 236,715 199,275 — 37,440 Nonrecurring fair value measurements 1 : Other equity securities 2 2,430 — — 2,430 Total 2,430 — — 2,430 Total $ 239,145 $ 199,275 $ — $ 39,870 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ 9,455 $ — $ — $ 9,455 (1) As of September 30, 2023, our equity security investments in geothermal energy totaled $25.2 million. None of these investments were marked to fair value during the period. The investments are measured at cost, less any impairments. (2) As of September 30, 2023, our other equity securities subject to measurement at fair value on a nonrecurring basis totaled $3.0 million, of which $2.4 million has been marked to fair value. The remaining $0.6 million is measured at cost, less any impairments.
Schedule of Fair Value, Debt Security Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation	The following table provides quantitative information (in thousands) about our Level 3 unobservable significant inputs related to our debt security investment with Galileo at the dates included below: March 31, 2024 Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Inputs $ 36,301 Black-Scholes-Merton model Discount rate 20.8 % Risk-free rate 4.3 % Equity volatility 105.0 %
Schedule of Reconciliation of Long Term Debt Securities Available For Sale, Classified as Level 3	The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 assets for the periods presented below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Assets at beginning of period $ 37,868 $ 33,107 $ 37,440 $ 33,565 Purchases 250 2,033 250 2,075 Accrued interest 433 — 866 — Transfers out — — — (500) Reserves — — (5) — Assets at end of period $ 38,551 $ 35,140 $ 38,551 $ 35,140 The following table reconciles changes in the balance of our equity securities, without readily determinable fair values, for the periods presented below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in millions) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Assets at beginning of period $ 28,523 $ 25,800 $ 28,232 $ 23,745 Purchases 2,245 501 2,536 2,556 Disposals (616) — (616) — Assets at end of period $ 30,152 $ 26,301 $ 30,152 $ 26,301
Schedule of Reconciliation of Changes in Fair Value of Financial Liabilities Classified as Level 3	The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 liabilities for the periods presented below: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Liabilities at beginning of period $ 8,350 $ 3,780 $ 9,455 $ 4,022 Additions — — — 500 Total gains or losses: Included in earnings 5,650 1,750 5,670 1,758 Settlements 1 — (500) (1,125) (1,250) Liabilities at end of period $ 14,000 $ 5,030 $ 14,000 $ 5,030 (1) Settlements represent earnout payments that have been paid or earned during the period.
Schedule of Supplemental Fair Value Information about Long-Term Fixed-Rate Debt	The following information presents the supplemental fair value information for our long-term fixed-rate debt at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023: (in millions) March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Long-term debt, net Carrying value $ 545.4 $ 545.1 Fair value 461.2 435.5

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAP_2

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (Tables)	6 Months Ended
BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (Tables)	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Financial Information of Reportable Segments	Summarized financial information of our reportable segments for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is shown in the following tables: Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 613,339 $ 45,878 $ 25,913 $ 2,813 $ — $ 687,943 Intersegment — — — 15,746 (15,746) — Total sales 613,339 45,878 25,913 18,559 (15,746) 687,943 Segment operating income $ 147,130 $ 3,569 $ 78 $ 2,785 $ (772) $ 152,790 Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 675,780 $ 55,890 $ 34,979 $ 2,573 $ — $ 769,222 Intersegment — — — 17,662 (17,662) — Total sales 675,780 55,890 34,979 20,235 (17,662) 769,222 Segment operating income $ 182,149 $ 3,955 $ 6,687 $ 6,823 $ (2,267) $ 197,347 Six Months Ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 1,207,621 $ 100,630 $ 51,444 $ 5,395 $ — $ 1,365,090 Intersegment — — — 30,972 (30,972) — Total sales 1,207,621 100,630 51,444 36,367 (30,972) 1,365,090 Segment operating income $ 291,620 $ 8,992 $ 3,130 $ 2,718 $ (438) $ 306,022 Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands) North America Solutions International Solutions Offshore Gulf of Mexico Other Eliminations Total External sales $ 1,302,943 $ 110,691 $ 70,143 $ 5,082 $ — $ 1,488,859 Intersegment — — — 34,064 (34,064) — Total sales 1,302,943 110,691 70,143 39,146 (34,064) 1,488,859 Segment operating income $ 327,446 $ 5,529 $ 13,433 $ 11,500 $ 43 $ 357,951
Schedule of Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss) to Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes	The following table reconciles segment operating income per the tables above to income before income taxes as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Segment operating income $ 152,790 $ 197,347 $ 306,022 $ 357,951 Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment 7,461 11,574 14,955 27,298 Other gain (loss) on sale of assets (2,431) 2,519 12 4,898 Corporate selling, general and administrative costs and corporate depreciation (47,248) (36,235) (86,949) (70,719) Operating income 110,572 175,205 234,040 319,428 Other income (expense) Interest and dividend income 6,567 5,055 17,301 9,760 Interest expense (4,261) (4,239) (8,633) (8,594) Gain (loss) on investment securities 3,747 39,752 (287) 24,661 Other 400 (604) (143) (546) Total unallocated amounts 6,453 39,964 8,238 25,281 Income before income taxes $ 117,025 $ 215,169 $ 242,278 $ 344,709
Schedule of Total Assets by Reportable Segment	The following table reconciles segment total assets to total assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets: (in thousands) March 31, 2024 September 30, 2023 Total assets 1 North America Solutions $ 3,375,674 $ 3,320,203 International Solutions 468,982 407,143 Offshore Gulf of Mexico 73,983 73,319 Other 152,179 154,290 4,070,818 3,954,955 Investments and corporate operations 354,030 427,001 $ 4,424,848 $ 4,381,956 (1) Assets by segment exclude investments in subsidiaries and intersegment activity.
Schedule of Revenues from External Customers by Country	The following table presents revenues from external customers by country based on the location of service provided: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended (in thousands) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Operating revenues United States $ 640,689 $ 712,302 $ 1,262,306 $ 1,376,475 Argentina 34,024 35,490 69,900 69,324 Colombia 1,242 13,652 8,945 30,021 Bahrain 4,535 4,198 9,032 6,467 United Arab Emirates 3,430 2,542 5,795 4,879 Australia 2,646 — 6,958 — Other foreign 1,377 1,038 2,154 1,693 Total $ 687,943 $ 769,222 $ 1,365,090 $ 1,488,859

NATURE OF OPERATIONS (Details)

NATURE OF OPERATIONS (Details)	6 Months Ended
NATURE OF OPERATIONS (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 location
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of international locations	5

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUN_4

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) geographical_area executiveOfficer	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) executiveOfficer	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		$ 68,500	$ 53,200	$ 68,500	$ 53,200	$ 59,100	$ 36,900
Additional cash and cash equivalents restricted at the election of management for potential insurance claims						58,400
Number of executive officers serving on related party board \| executiveOfficer		1		1
Receivables		$ 431,681		$ 431,681		404,188
Other assets, net		45,054		45,054		32,061
Contract liability		26,804		26,804		28,882
Drilling services		685,131	766,682	1,359,696	1,483,852
Underwriting expense		1,600	1,700	5,100	4,700
Casualty insurance premiums		9,900	10,900	19,000	20,900
Premium revenues and expenses		15,800	17,700	31,000	34,100
Stop-loss medical expenses		3,200	2,500	$ 7,300	5,300
Cumulative inflation rate before a country is considered highly inflationary				100%
Foreign currency losses		$ 600	$ 100	$ 2,400	$ 300
International Locations \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Operating Revenue
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration percentage		6.90%	7.40%	7.50%	7.50%
Minimum
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of geographical areas operating \| geographical_area		1
Argentina
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Cash		$ 13,000		$ 13,000
South America \| International Locations \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Operating Revenue \| International Solutions
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration percentage		74.60%	86.30%	76.70%	88.40%
Tamboran Resources Limited
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments	$ 14,100
Investment shares acquired (in shares) \| shares	106
Investee
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Receivables		$ 2,700		$ 2,700		2,800
Other assets, net		8,100		8,100		8,000
Contract liability		5,100		5,100		6,600
Drilling services		2,700		$ 7,000
Expected revenue		$ 33,700
Acquisition of Drilling Technologies Companies
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Restricted cash and cash equivalents						$ 700

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUN_5

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES , RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES - Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Restricted Cash and Investments
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 193,636	$ 257,174	$ 159,672	$ 232,131
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	68,500	59,100	53,200	36,900
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	262,183	316,238	212,903	269,009
Restricted cash
Restricted Cash and Investments
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	68,547	59,064	53,231	36,246
Other assets, net
Restricted Cash and Investments
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 632

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT -

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 7,734,865	$ 7,548,697
Accumulated depreciation	(4,741,040)	(4,627,002)
Property, plant and equipment, net	2,993,825	2,921,695
Assets held-for-sale	0	645
Drilling services equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 6,529,103	6,396,612
Drilling services equipment \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	4 years
Drilling services equipment \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	15 years
Tubulars
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	4 years
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 570,981	564,032
Real estate properties
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 48,463	47,313
Real estate properties \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	10 years
Real estate properties \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	45 years
Other
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 455,147	443,366
Other \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	2 years
Other \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Lives	23 years
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 131,171	$ 97,374

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT_2

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Narrative (Details)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Narrative (Details)	Nov. 30, 2022 rig	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) rig	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) rig	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation		$ 102,900,000	$ 94,600,000	$ 195,300,000	$ 189,500,000
Abandonments included in depreciation		2,600,000	1,000,000	3,100,000	2,100,000
Accelerated depreciation		7,300,000	800,000	8,200,000	1,700,000
Rigs damaged by fire \| rig	1
Abandonment expense					9,200,000
Insurance proceeds						$ 9,200,000
Gain on involuntary conversion		5,500,000
Insurance proceeds from involuntary conversion		5,000,000		4,980,000	0
Outstanding receivable		500,000		500,000
Asset impairment charges		0	0	0	12,097,000
Property, plant and equipment, net		2,993,825,000		2,993,825,000		$ 2,921,695,000
Impairment charge for assets held for sale					1,300,000
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment		$ 7,461,000	11,574,000	$ 14,955,000	27,298,000
Assets Previously Held For Sale
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, net			3,000,000		3,000,000
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value			300,000		300,000
Impairment charge for assets held for sale					2,700,000
International FlexRig
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, net			8,800,000		8,800,000
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value			$ 700,000		700,000
Impairment charge for assets held for sale					$ 8,100,000
Number of rigs, held-for -sale \| rig			4		4
Conventional Drilling Rigs
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of rigs, held-for -sale \| rig			4		4
Additional Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, net			$ 1,400,000		$ 1,400,000
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value			$ 100,000		$ 100,000

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSET_2

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill additions	$ 0		$ 0
Impairments of goodwill	0		0
Goodwill	45,653		45,653		$ 45,653
Amortization	1,600	$ 1,600	3,200	$ 3,400
Expected amortization in 2024	3,200		3,200
Expected amortization in 2025	6,400		6,400
Expected amortization in 2026	6,400		6,400
Expected amortization in 2027	6,400		6,400
Expected amortization in 2028	$ 6,400		$ 6,400

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSET_3

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Intangible Assets Arising from Business Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 96,961	$ 96,961
Accumulated Amortization	39,601	36,386
Net	$ 57,360	60,575
Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	15 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 89,096	89,096
Accumulated Amortization	37,070	34,092
Net	$ 52,026	55,004
Intellectual property
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	13 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 2,000	2,000
Accumulated Amortization	582	503
Net	$ 1,418	1,497
Trade name
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	20 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 5,865	5,865
Accumulated Amortization	1,949	1,791
Net	$ 3,916	$ 4,074

DEBT - Unsecured Long-Term Debt

DEBT - Unsecured Long-Term Debt Outstanding (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Long-term debt
Face Amount	$ 550,000	$ 550,000
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost	(4,559)	(4,856)
Long-term debt, net	545,441	545,144
Unsecured Senior Notes due September 29, 2031
Long-term debt, gross
Face Amount	550,000	550,000
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost	(4,559)	(4,856)
Book Value	$ 545,441	$ 545,144

DEBT - Narrative (Details)

DEBT - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Feb. 10, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 08, 2022 USD ($) optionForDebtExtension	Mar. 07, 2022 optionForDebtExtension	Sep. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 16, 2021 USD ($)	Nov. 13, 2018 USD ($)
Unsecured Senior Notes due September 29, 2031
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)	2.90%
Face amount of debt					$ 550,000,000
2018 Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity							$ 750,000,000
Borrowings outstanding	$ 0
Available borrowing capacity	750,000,000
2018 Credit Facility \| Letters of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity							$ 75,000,000
2018 Credit Facility, Due November 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity		$ 680,000,000	$ 680,000,000			$ 680,000,000
Number of debt extensions \| optionForDebtExtension			2	1
2018 Credit Facility, Due November 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	70,000,000
Unsecured Standalone Line of Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	95,000,000
Borrowings outstanding	40,000,000
Letter of Credit - Instrument 1 \| Letters of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	5,000,000
Letter of Credit - Instrument 3 \| Letters of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 45,000,000

INCOME TAXES - Narrative (Detai

INCOME TAXES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
INCOME TAXES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense	$ 32,194	$ 51,129	$ 62,274	$ 83,524
Effective tax rate (as a percent)	27.50%	23.80%	25.70%	24.20%
Effective tax expense (benefit) related to equity compensation	$ 900	$ 200
Potential increase (decrease) in uncertain tax liabilities			$ 3,400
Potential decrease in uncertain tax liabilities	$ 2,800		$ 2,800

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Narrativ

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Nov. 30, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Number of common shares authorized to be repurchased (in shares)								4
Shares of common stock repurchased (in shares)	0.1		2.5		1.4	3.4
Aggregate cost of repurchased shares	$ 4,000		$ 106,700		$ 51,600	$ 145,800
Excise tax			$ 800		300	$ 800
Dividends declared	$ 42,100				101,200
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25
Dividends declared, supplemental (in dollars per share)	$ 0.17	$ 0.34	$ 0.235	$ 0.47
Dividends payable	$ 42,047				$ 42,047		$ 25,194

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Componen

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized pension actuarial loss	$ (7,713)	$ (7,981)
Unrealized pension actuarial loss
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrealized pension actuarial loss	(10,059)	(10,407)
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized pension actuarial loss	(7,713)	(7,981)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrealized pension actuarial loss	(10,059)	(10,407)
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized pension actuarial loss	$ (7,713)	$ (7,981)

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Schedule

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Rollforward of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Beginning balance	$ 2,759,646	$ 2,771,943	$ 2,745,145	$ 2,765,472	$ 2,771,943	$ 2,765,472
Net current-period other comprehensive income	134	134	256	256	268	512
Ending balance	2,803,074	2,759,646	$ 2,755,806	$ 2,745,145	2,803,074	$ 2,755,806
Unrealized pension actuarial loss
Rollforward of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Beginning balance	(7,847)	(7,981)			(7,981)
Net current-period other comprehensive income	134				268
Ending balance	$ (7,713)	$ (7,847)			$ (7,713)

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH C_3

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue from performance contracts	$ 287.8	$ 567.2	$ 586	$ 297.2
Performance bonuses recognized	10.4	$ 11.5	25.6	$ 21.6
Capitalized fulfillment costs	$ 10.6		$ 10.6		$ 11.4

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH C_4

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Remaining Performance Obligations (Details) $ in Billions	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 1.7
Period of unsatisfied performance obligations represented in backlog contracts with month-to-month terms	1 month
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 0.6
Expected timing of satisfaction for remaining performance obligation	6 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 0.5
Expected timing of satisfaction for remaining performance obligation	12 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 0.6
Expected timing of satisfaction for remaining performance obligation	12 months

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH C_5

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Schedule of Contract Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract assets, net	$ 4,772	$ 6,560
Change in Contract with Customer, Liability [Roll Forward]
Contract liabilities beginning balance	28,882
Payment received/accrued and deferred	29,242
Revenue recognized during the period	(31,320)
Contract liabilities ending balance	$ 26,804

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON _2

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator:
Net income	$ 84,831	$ 95,173	$ 164,040	$ 97,145	$ 180,004	$ 261,185
Adjustment for basic earnings per share
Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders	(1,242)		(2,237)		(2,489)	(3,511)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	83,589		161,803		177,515	257,674
Adjustment for diluted earnings per share
Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders	2		6		3	6
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$ 83,591		$ 161,809		$ 177,518	$ 257,680
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share - weighted-average shares (in shares)	98,774		103,968		98,960	104,615
Effect of dilutive shares from stock options, restricted stock and performance share units (in shares)	272		395		256	388
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share - adjusted weighted-average shares (in shares)	99,046		104,363		99,216	105,003
Basic earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.85		$ 1.55		$ 1.79	$ 2.46
Diluted earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.84		$ 1.55		$ 1.79	$ 2.46

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON _3

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE - Anti-Dilutive Shares Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive (in shares)	2,684	2,426	2,388	2,516
Weighted-average price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 57.93	$ 62.03	$ 60.63	$ 61.74

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FIN_3

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	$ 83,390	$ 93,600
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	247,035	239,145
Geothermal Investments
Liabilities
Equity securities	27,200	25,200
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Long-term Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	16,165	14,597
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	244,070	236,715
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	14,000	9,455
Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| ADNOC Drilling
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	172,620	174,758
Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Tamboran Resources Limited
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	11,734	9,920
Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Galileo Technologies
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	36,301	35,434
Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Geothermal Investments
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	2,000	2,006
Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Other
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	5,250
Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Other equity securities	2,965	2,430
Total	2,965	2,430
Liabilities
Debt security investments	200
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Other
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment		3,000
Liabilities
Equity securities		600
Level 1
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	44,634	44,836
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	205,519	199,275
Level 1 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Long-term Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	16,165	14,597
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	205,519	199,275
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level 1 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| ADNOC Drilling
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	172,620	174,758
Level 1 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Tamboran Resources Limited
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	11,734	9,920
Level 1 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Galileo Technologies
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	0	0
Level 1 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Geothermal Investments
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	0	0
Level 1 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Other
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	5,000
Level 1 \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Other equity securities	0	0
Total	0	0
Level 2
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	38,756	48,764
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	0	0
Level 2 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Long-term Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	0	0
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	0	0
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level 2 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| ADNOC Drilling
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	0	0
Level 2 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Tamboran Resources Limited
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	0	0
Level 2 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Galileo Technologies
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	0	0
Level 2 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Geothermal Investments
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	0	0
Level 2 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Other
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	0
Level 2 \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Other equity securities	0	0
Total	0	0
Level 3
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	0	0
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	41,516	39,870
Level 3 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Long-term Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	0	0
Debt securities, investment	36,301
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Total	38,551	37,440
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	14,000	9,455
Level 3 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| ADNOC Drilling
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	0	0
Level 3 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Tamboran Resources Limited
Long-term Investments:
Equity securities, investment	0	0
Level 3 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Galileo Technologies
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	36,301	35,434
Level 3 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Geothermal Investments
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	2,000	2,006
Level 3 \| Recurring Fair Value Measurements \| Other
Long-term Investments:
Debt securities, investment	250
Level 3 \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
Other equity securities	2,965	2,430
Total	2,965	2,430
Liabilities
Equity securities, fair value		2,400
Corporate and municipal debt securities
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	38,756	48,764
Corporate and municipal debt securities \| Level 1
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	0	0
Corporate and municipal debt securities \| Level 2
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	38,756	48,764
Corporate and municipal debt securities \| Level 3
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	0	0
U.S. government and federal agency securities
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	44,634	44,836
U.S. government and federal agency securities \| Level 1
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	44,634	44,836
U.S. government and federal agency securities \| Level 2
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	0	0
U.S. government and federal agency securities \| Level 3
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	$ 0	$ 0

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FIN_4

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Apr. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gain (loss) resulting from the change in the fair value of investments				$ 8.3	$ 42.6	$ (2.1)	$ 24.4
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments				$ (4.5)	$ (3)	$ 1.8	$ 0.1
Convertible Debt \| Galileo Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)		5%
ADNOC Drilling
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments			$ 100
Investment balance (in shares)			159.7
Investments lockup period (in years)			3 years
ADNOC Drilling \| ADNOC Drilling
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Ownership percentage (as a percent)			1%
Tamboran Resources Limited
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments	$ 14.1
Investment shares acquired (in shares)	106
Tamboran Resources Limited \| Tamboran Resources Limited
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Ownership percentage (as a percent)				5.10%		5.10%
Galileo Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments		$ 33

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FIN_5

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Level 3 Unobservable Inputs (Details) - Level 3 $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) year
Discount rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Unobservable Inputs	0.208
Risk-free rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Unobservable Inputs	0.043
Equity volatility
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Unobservable Inputs	1.050
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value \| $	$ 36,301

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FIN_6

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Reconciliation of Changes in Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Classified as Level 3 (Details) - Level 3 - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial liabilities
Liabilities at beginning of period	$ 8,350	$ 3,780	$ 9,455	$ 4,022
Additions	0	0	0	500
Total gains or losses included in earnings	5,650	1,750	5,670	1,758
Settlements	0	(500)	(1,125)	(1,250)
Liabilities at end of period	14,000	5,030	14,000	5,030
Debt Securities
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial assets
Assets at beginning of period	37,868	33,107	37,440	33,565
Purchases	250	2,033	250	2,075
Accrued interest	433	0	866	0
Transfers out	0	0	0	(500)
Reserves	0	0	(5)	0
Assets at end of period	38,551	35,140	38,551	35,140
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial assets
Assets at beginning of period	28,523	25,800	28,232	23,745
Purchases	2,245	501	2,536	2,556
Disposals	(616)	0	(616)	0
Assets at end of period	$ 30,152	$ 26,301	$ 30,152	$ 26,301

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FIN_7

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Supplemental Fair Value Information about Long-Term Fixed-Rate Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Long-term debt, net
Carrying value	$ 545,441	$ 545,144
Carrying value
Long-term debt, net
Carrying value	545,400	545,100
Fair value \| Level 2
Long-term debt, net
Fair value	$ 461,200	$ 435,500

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES -

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) renewalOption	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 59,730	$ 50,400
Leases renewed \| renewalOption	1
Purchase commitments for equipment, parts and supplies	$ 153,200
Tulsa Industrial Facility
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Number of renewal options \| renewalOption	2
Renewal option term	5 years
Land and Building
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Operating lease, liability	$ 18,100
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 18,100

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAP_3

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Schedule of Financial Information of Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 687,943	$ 769,222	$ 1,365,090	$ 1,488,859
Segment operating income	110,572	175,205	234,040	319,428
Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	(15,746)	(17,662)	(30,972)	(34,064)
Segment operating income	(772)	(2,267)	(438)	43
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	687,943	769,222	1,365,090	1,488,859
Segment operating income	152,790	197,347	306,022	357,951
North America Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	613,339	675,780	1,207,621	1,302,943
North America Solutions \| Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
North America Solutions \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	613,339	675,780	1,207,621	1,302,943
Segment operating income	147,130	182,149	291,620	327,446
Offshore Gulf of Mexico
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	45,878	55,890	100,630	110,691
Offshore Gulf of Mexico \| Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
Offshore Gulf of Mexico \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	45,878	55,890	100,630	110,691
Segment operating income	3,569	3,955	8,992	5,529
International Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	25,913	34,979	51,444	70,143
International Solutions \| Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
International Solutions \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	25,913	34,979	51,444	70,143
Segment operating income	78	6,687	3,130	13,433
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	2,813	2,573	5,395	5,082
Other \| Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	(15,746)	(17,662)	(30,972)	(34,064)
Other \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	18,559	20,235	36,367	39,146
Segment operating income	$ 2,785	$ 6,823	$ 2,718	$ 11,500

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAP_4

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss) to Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Operating income	$ 110,572	$ 175,205	$ 234,040	$ 319,428
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	7,461	11,574	14,955	27,298
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	(2,431)	2,519	12	4,898
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs and corporate depreciation	62,037	52,855	118,614	101,310
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	6,567	5,055	17,301	9,760
Interest expense	(4,261)	(4,239)	(8,633)	(8,594)
Gain (loss) on investment securities	3,747	39,752	(287)	24,661
Other	400	(604)	(143)	(546)
Total unallocated amounts	6,453	39,964	8,238	25,281
Income before income taxes	117,025	215,169	242,278	344,709
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Operating income	152,790	197,347	306,022	357,951
Segment Reconciling Items
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	7,461	11,574	14,955	27,298
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	(2,431)	2,519	12	4,898
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs and corporate depreciation	$ (47,248)	$ (36,235)	$ (86,949)	$ (70,719)

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAP_5

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Reconciliation of Segment Assets to Consolidated Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	$ 4,424,848	$ 4,381,956
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	4,070,818	3,954,955
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	354,030	427,001
North America Solutions \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	3,375,674	3,320,203
International Solutions \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	468,982	407,143
Offshore Gulf of Mexico \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	73,983	73,319
Other \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	$ 152,179	$ 154,290

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAP_6

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets by Country (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 687,943	$ 769,222	$ 1,365,090	$ 1,488,859
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	640,689	712,302	1,262,306	1,376,475
Argentina
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	34,024	35,490	69,900	69,324
Colombia
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	1,242	13,652	8,945	30,021
Bahrain
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	4,535	4,198	9,032	6,467
United Arab Emirates
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	3,430	2,542	5,795	4,879
Australia
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	2,646	0	6,958	0
Other foreign
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 1,377	$ 1,038	$ 2,154	$ 1,693