Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Disclosure | PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS Defined Benefit Pension Plans We have defined benefit pension plans that cover certain employees in the U.S., Germany, the UK, Switzerland, Canada and Israel. Pension benefits under defined benefit pension plans are based on years of service and, for certain plans, on average compensation for specified years preceding retirement. We fund pension costs in accordance with the funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), as amended, for U.S. plans and in accordance with local regulations or customs for non-U.S. plans. The accrued benefit for all participants in the Kennametal Inc. Retirement Income Plan was frozen as of December 31, 2016. The majority of our defined benefit pension plans are closed to future participation. We have an Executive Retirement Plan for various executives and a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan both of which have been closed to future participation on June 15, 2017 and July 26, 2006, respectively. We presently provide varying levels of postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to certain employees and retirees. By fiscal 2019, participants over the age of 65 were transitioned to a private exchange and some received a fixed Health Retirement Account (HRA) contribution to offset the cost of their coverage. Postretirement health and life benefits are closed to future participants as of December 31, 2016. We use a June 30 measurement date for all of our plans. The funded status of our pension plans and amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30 were as follows: (in thousands) 2020 2019 Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation, beginning of year $ 964,741 $ 902,711 Service cost 1,796 1,627 Interest cost 27,320 31,901 Participant contributions 637 — Actuarial losses (gains) 67,403 64,648 Benefits and expenses paid (50,733 ) (49,510 ) Currency translation adjustments (5,758 ) (6,208 ) Plan amendments (231 ) 1,465 New plans — 18,107 Plan settlements (1,286 ) — Plan curtailments (171 ) — Other adjustments 287 — Benefit obligation, end of year $ 1,004,005 $ 964,741 Change in plans' assets: Fair value of plans' assets, beginning of year $ 825,869 $ 792,758 Actual return on plans' assets 96,133 68,981 Company contributions 9,721 7,905 Participant contributions 637 — New plans — 9,480 Plan settlements (1,286 ) — Benefits and expenses paid (50,733 ) (49,510 ) Currency translation adjustments (4,305 ) (3,745 ) Fair value of plans' assets, end of year $ 876,036 $ 825,869 Funded status of plans $ (127,969 ) $ (138,872 ) Amounts recognized in the balance sheet consist of: Long-term prepaid benefit $ 43,116 $ 31,581 Short-term accrued benefit obligation (6,639 ) (7,624 ) Accrued pension benefits (164,446 ) (162,829 ) Net amount recognized $ (127,969 ) $ (138,872 ) The pre-tax amounts related to our defined benefit pension plans recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows at June 30: (in thousands) 2020 2019 Unrecognized net actuarial losses $ 305,903 $ 292,992 Unrecognized net prior service costs 2,026 2,229 Unrecognized transition obligations 332 432 Total $ 308,261 $ 295,653 To the best of our knowledge and belief, the asset portfolios of our defined benefit pension plans do not contain our capital stock. We do not issue insurance contracts to cover future annual benefits of defined benefit pension plan participants. Transactions between us and our defined benefit pension plans include the reimbursement of plan expenditures incurred by us on behalf of the plans. To the best of our knowledge and belief, the reimbursement of cost is permissible under current ERISA rules or local government law. The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $1,001.8 million and $962.9 million as of June 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. Included in the above information are plans with accumulated benefit obligations exceeding the fair value of plan assets as of June 30 as follows: (in thousands) 2020 2019 Projected benefit obligation $ 180,388 $ 179,921 Accumulated benefit obligation 178,195 178,039 Fair value of plan assets 9,273 9,480 The components of net periodic pension income include the following as of June 30: (in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Service cost $ 1,796 $ 1,627 $ 1,635 Interest cost 27,320 31,901 30,751 Expected return on plans' assets (53,943 ) (53,789 ) (56,579 ) Amortization of transition obligation 88 91 94 Amortization of prior service cost 50 (19 ) 48 Curtailment loss (115 ) — — Settlement loss (51 ) — 626 Recognition of actuarial losses 10,359 6,723 6,907 Other adjustments 288 — — Net periodic pension income $ (14,208 ) $ (13,466 ) $ (16,518 ) As of June 30, 2020 , the projected benefit payments, including future service accruals for these plans for 2021 through 2025, are $51.4 million , $52.1 million , $52.8 million , $54.9 million and $56.0 million , respectively, and $271.4 million in 2026 through 2030. The amounts of accumulated other comprehensive loss expected to be recognized in net periodic pension cost during 2021 related to net actuarial losses are $13.3 million . The amount of accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized in net periodic pension cost during 2021 related to transition obligations and prior service cost is immaterial. We expect to contribute approximately $8 million to our pension plans in 2021, which is primarily for international plans. Other Postretirement Benefit Plans The funded status of our other postretirement benefit plans and the related amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows: (in thousands) 2020 2019 Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation, beginning of year $ 12,642 $ 15,323 Interest cost 404 613 Actuarial losses 709 (264 ) Benefits paid (1,390 ) (1,505 ) Plan amendments — (1,525 ) Benefit obligation, end of year $ 12,365 $ 12,642 Funded status of plan $ (12,365 ) $ (12,642 ) Amounts recognized in the balance sheet consist of: Short-term accrued benefit obligation $ (1,353 ) $ (1,468 ) Accrued postretirement benefits (11,012 ) (11,174 ) Net amount recognized $ (12,365 ) $ (12,642 ) The pre-tax amounts related to our other postretirement benefit plans which were recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows at June 30: (in thousands) 2020 2019 Unrecognized net actuarial losses $ 4,602 $ 4,150 Unrecognized net prior service credits (2,200 ) (2,476 ) Total $ 2,402 $ 1,674 The components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost include the following for the years ended June 30: (in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Interest cost $ 404 $ 613 $ 629 Amortization of prior service credit (276 ) (90 ) (22 ) Recognition of actuarial loss 257 248 280 Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost $ 385 $ 771 $ 887 As of June 30, 2020 , the projected benefit payments, including future service accruals for our other postretirement benefit plans for 2021 through 2025, are $1.3 million , $1.2 million , $1.2 million , $1.1 million and $1.0 million , respectively, and $3.9 million in 2026 through 2030. The amounts of accumulated other comprehensive loss expected to be recognized in net periodic pension cost during 2021 related to net actuarial losses and related to prior service credit are costs of $0.3 million and income of $0.3 million , respectively. We expect to contribute approximately $1 million to our other postretirement benefit plans in 2021. The service cost component of net periodic pension income of $1.8 million , $1.6 million and $1.6 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, was reported as a component of cost of goods sold and operating expense. The other components of net periodic pension income and net periodic other postretirement benefit cost totaling a net benefit of $15.6 million , $14.3 million and $17.3 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were presented as a component of other income, net. Assumptions The significant actuarial assumptions used to determine the present value of net benefit obligations for our defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans were as follows: 2020 2019 2018 Discount Rate: U.S. plans 1.6-2.9% 2.7-3.6% 4.0-4.3% International plans 0.2-2.4% 0.4-2.9% 1.8-3.3% Rates of future salary increases: U.S. plans 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% International plans 1.5% 1.8-3.0% 2.5-3.0% The significant assumptions used to determine the net periodic income for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans were as follows: 2020 2019 2018 Discount Rate: U.S. plans 2.7-3.6% 4.0-4.3% 3.3-3.9% International plans 0.4-2.9% 1.8-3.3% 2.0-3.3% Rates of future salary increases: U.S. plans 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% International plans 1.8-3.0% 2.5-3.0% 2.5-3.0% Rate of return on plans assets: U.S. plans 7.0% 7.0% 7.3% International plans 0.4-5.3% 5.0-5.3% 5.3% The rates of return on plan assets are based on historical performance, as well as future expected returns by asset class considering macroeconomic conditions, current portfolio mix, long-term investment strategy and other available relevant information. The annual assumed rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered benefits (the health care cost trend rate) for our postretirement benefit plans was as follows: 2020 2019 2018 Health care costs trend rate assumed for next year 6.8 % 7.0 % 7.5 % Rate to which the cost trend rate gradually declines 5.0 % 5.0 % 5.0 % Year that the rate reaches the rate at which it is assumed to remain 2027 2027 2027 A change of one percentage point in the assumed health care cost trend rates would have an immaterial effect on both the total service and interest cost components of our other postretirement cost and other postretirement benefit obligation at June 30, 2020 . Plan Assets The primary objective of certain of our pension plans' investment policies is to ensure that sufficient assets are available to provide the benefit obligations at the time the obligations come due. The overall investment strategy for the defined benefit pension plans' assets combine considerations of preservation of principal and moderate risk-taking. The assumption of an acceptable level of risk is warranted in order to achieve satisfactory results consistent with the long-term objectives of the portfolio. Fixed income securities comprise a significant portion of the portfolio due to their plan-liability-matching characteristics and to address the plans' cash flow requirements. Additionally, diversification of investments within each asset class is utilized to further reduce the effect of losses in single investments. Investment management practices for U.S. defined benefit pension plans must comply with ERISA and all applicable regulations and rulings thereof. The use of derivative instruments is permitted where appropriate and necessary for achieving overall investment policy objectives. Currently, the use of derivative instruments is not significant when compared to the overall investment portfolio. The Company utilizes a liability driven investment strategy (LDI) for the assets of its U.S. defined benefit pension plans in order to reduce the volatility of the funded status of these plans and to meet the obligations at an acceptable cost over the long term. This LDI strategy entails modifying the asset allocation and duration of the assets of the plans to more closely match the liability profile of these plans. The asset reallocation involves increasing the fixed income allocation, reducing the equity component and adding alternative investments. Longer duration interest rate swaps have been utilized periodically in order to increase the overall duration of the asset portfolio to more closely match the liabilities. Our defined benefit pension plans’ asset allocations as of June 30, 2020 and 2019 and target allocations for 2021 , by asset class, were as follows: 2020 2019 Target % Equity 22 % 23 % 25 % Fixed Income 75 67 75 Other 3 10 — The following sections describe the valuation methodologies used by the trustee to measure the fair value of the defined benefit pension plan assets, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each type of asset is generally classified (see Note 4 for the definition of fair value and a description of the fair value hierarchy). Corporate fixed income securities Investments in corporate fixed income securities consist of corporate debt and asset backed securities. These investments are classified as level two and are valued using independent observable market inputs such as the treasury curve, swap curve and yield curve. Common stock Common stocks are classified as level one and are valued at their quoted market price. Government securities Investments in government securities consist of fixed income securities such as U.S. government and agency obligations and foreign government bonds and asset and mortgage backed securities such as obligations issued by government sponsored organizations. These investments are classified as level two and are valued using independent observable market inputs such as the treasury curve, credit spreads and interest rates. Other fixed income securities Investments in other fixed income securities are classified as level two and valued based on observable market data. Other Other investments consist primarily of a hedge fund, in addition to state and local obligations and short term investments including cash, corporate notes, and various short term debt instruments which can be redeemed within a nominal redemption notice period. These investments are primarily classified as level two and are valued using independent observable market inputs. The fair value methods described may not be reflective of future fair values. Additionally, while the Company believes the valuation methods used by the plans’ trustee are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in different fair value measurement at the reporting date. The following table presents the fair value of the benefit plans' assets by asset category as of June 30, 2020 : (in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 NAV (3) Total Common / collective trusts (3) : Blend funds $ — $ — $ — $ 94,667 $ 94,667 Mutual funds — — — 59,674 59,674 Corporate fixed income securities — 394,521 — — 394,521 Common stock 38,487 — — — 38,487 Government securities: U.S. government securities — 178,364 — — 178,364 Foreign government securities — 61,153 — — 61,153 Other fixed income securities — 22,544 — — 22,544 Other 2,410 24,216 — — 26,626 Total investments $ 40,897 $ 680,798 $ — $ 154,341 $ 876,036 The following table presents the fair value of the benefit plans' assets by asset category as of June 30, 2019 : (in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 NAV (3) Total Common / collective trusts (3) : Value funds $ — $ — $ — $ 66,950 $ 66,950 Growth funds — — — 38,119 38,119 Balanced funds — — — 10,921 10,921 Corporate fixed income securities — 407,008 — — 407,008 Common stock 74,448 — — — 74,448 Government securities: U.S. government securities — 61,770 — — 61,770 Foreign government securities — 48,011 — — 48,011 Other fixed income securities — 32,971 — — 32,971 Other 3,888 81,783 — — 85,671 Total investments $ 78,336 $ 631,543 $ — $ 115,990 $ 825,869 (3) Investments in common / collective trusts invest primarily in publicly traded securities and are valued using net asset value (NAV) of units of a bank collective trust. Therefore, these amounts have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy and are presented in the tables to reconcile the fair value hierarchy to the total fair value of plan assets. Defined Contribution Plans We sponsor several defined contribution retirement plans. Costs for defined contribution plans were $14.7 million , $16.3 million and $19.6 million in 2020 , 2019 and 2018 , respectively. Certain U.S. employees are eligible to participate in the Kennametal Thrift Plus Plan (Thrift), which is a qualified defined contribution plan under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the Thrift, eligible employees receive a full match of their contributions up to 6 percent of eligible compensation. All contributions, including the company match and discretionary, are made in cash and invested in accordance with participants’ investment elections. There are no minimum amounts that must be invested in company stock, and there are no restrictions on transferring amounts out of company stock to another investment choice, other than excessive trading rules applicable to such investments. Employee contributions and our matching and discretionary contributions vest immediately as of the participants' employment dates. |