Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses | 7. LOANS AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Loans outstanding are detailed by category as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage Mortgages - fixed rate $ 813,374 $ 902,968 Mortgages - adjustable rate 760,632 703,958 Construction 45,863 35,299 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 6,395 6,613 Total residential mortgages 1,626,264 1,648,838 Commercial mortgage Mortgages - non-owner occupied 1,648,408 1,592,732 Mortgages - owner occupied 167,522 183,591 Construction 113,133 135,782 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 2,410 2,318 Total commercial mortgages 1,931,473 1,914,423 Home equity Home equity - lines of credit 92,730 108,961 Home equity - term loans 2,679 2,098 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 240 292 Total home equity 95,649 111,351 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 342,475 349,026 Paycheck Protection Program loans 653 1,384 Unearned fees, net of deferred costs 583 240 Total commercial and industrial 343,711 350,650 Consumer Secured 22,592 35,679 Unsecured 1,822 1,897 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 33 18 Total consumer 24,447 37,594 Total loans $ 4,021,544 $ 4,062,856 Directors and officers of the Company and their associates are clients of, and have other transactions with, the Company in the normal course of business. All loans and commitments included in such transactions were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collection or present other unfavorable features. Asset Quality The Company’s philosophy toward managing its loan portfolios is predicated upon careful monitoring, which stresses early detection and response to delinquent and default situations. The Company seeks to make arrangements to resolve any delinquent or default situation over the shortest possible time frame. As a general rule, loans more than 90 days past due with respect to principal or interest are classified as non-accrual loans. The Company may use discretion regarding other loans over 90 days past due if the loan is well secured and/or in process of collection. The following tables set forth information regarding non-performing loans disaggregated by loan category: December 31, 2023 Residential Commercial Home Commercial and Total (dollars in thousands) Non-performing loans: Non-accrual loans $ 6,412 $ 9,758 $ 285 $ 61 $ 16,516 Loans past due >90 days, but still accruing — — — 51 51 Total $ 6,412 $ 9,758 $ 285 $ 112 $ 16,567 December 31, 2022 Residential Commercial Home Commercial and Total (dollars in thousands) Non-performing loans: Non-accrual loans $ 4,733 $ 311 $ 722 $ 73 $ 5,839 Troubled debt restructurings 622 — — 81 $ 703 Total $ 5,355 $ 311 $ 722 $ 154 $ 6,542 It is the Company’s policy to reverse any accrued interest when a loan is put on non-accrual status and, generally, to record any payments received from a borrower related to a loan on non-accrual status as a reduction of the amortized cost basis of the loan. The Company did not record any interest income on non-accrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Accrued interest reversed against interest income for the year ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was immaterial. There were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on non-accrual status at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. Expected credit losses for collateral-dependent loans are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. The following table presents the amortized costs basis and related reserve amount of individually analyzed collateral-dependent loans by portfolio segment. For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 Amortized Cost Basis Reserve Amount Amortized Cost Basis Reserve Amount (dollars in thousands) Commercial mortgage $ 9,611 $ 2,345 $ - $ - Commercial & Industrial 64 43 103 82 Total $ 9,675 $ 2,388 $ 103 $ 82 Loan Modifications Pursuant to ASU 2022-02, the Company evaluates all loan restructurings according to the accounting guidance for loan modifications to determine if the restructuring results in a new loan or a continuation of the existing loan. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made at the time of a modification. Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that result in a change in the timing or amount of contractual cash flows include situations where there is principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions, and combinations of the listed modifications. Therefore, the disclosures related to loan restructurings are only for modifications that directly affect cash flows. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company made no loan modifications to borrower’s experiencing financial difficulty. Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, loans were considered restructured in a troubled debt restructuring when the Company granted concessions to a borrower due to the borrower’s financial condition that it otherwise would not have considered. These concessions may have include modifications of the terms of the debt such as deferral of payments, extension of maturity, reduction of principal balance, reduction of the stated interest rate other than normal market rate adjustments, or a combination of these concessions. Restructured loans were classified as accruing or non-accruing based on management’s assessment of the collectability of the loan. Loans which were already on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring generally remained on non-accrual status for approximately six months or longer before management considered such loans for return to accruing status. Accruing restructured loans were placed into non-accrual status if and when the borrower failed to comply with the restructured terms and management deemed it unlikely that the borrower will return to a status of compliance in the near term. TDRs were individually evaluated for credit losses. There were no new TDRs during the year ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022 , four loans were TDRs with a total carrying value of $ 704,000 . There were no TDR defaults during the year ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 , there were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were restructured. Pursuant to Section 4013 of the CARES Act, financial institutions could suspend the requirements under U.S. GAAP related to TDRs for modifications made before December 31, 2020 to loans that were current as of December 31, 2019. As a result of the enactment of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, in January 2021, the suspension of TDR accounting was extended to, and expired on January 1, 2022. The requirement that a loan be not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 was still applicable. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact to clients, a short-term modification program that complied with the CARES Act was implemented to provide temporary payment relief to those borrowers directly impacted by COVID-19. The deferred payments along with interest accrued during the deferral period are due and payable on the maturity date. Under issued guidance, provided that these loans were current as of either year end or the date of the modification, these loans were not considered TDR loans at December 31, 2023 and will not be reported as past due during the deferral period. The Company had no loans in deferral as of December 31, 2023. Foreclosure proceedings As of December 31, 2023 , there were two loans in process of foreclosure with a carrying value of approximately $ 1.5 million. Both of these loans are secured by one to four family residential property. As of December 31, 2022, there were no loans in process of foreclosure. Loans by Credit Quality Indicator With respect to residential real estate mortgages, home equity, and consumer loans, the Company utilizes the following categories as indicators of credit quality: • Performing – These loans are accruing and are considered having low to moderate risk. • Non-performing – These loans are on non-accrual or are past due more than 90 days but are still accruing or are restructured. These loans may contain greater than average risk. With respect to commercial real estate mortgages and commercial loans, the Company utilizes a 10-grade internal loan rating system as an indicator of credit quality. The grades are as follows: • Loans rated 1-6 (Pass) – These loans are considered “pass” rated with low to moderate risk. • Loans rated 7 (Special Mention) – These loans have potential weaknesses warranting close attention, which, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the credit at some future date. • Loans rated 8 (Substandard) – These loans have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of the debt under the original loan terms. Loss potential exists but is not identifiable in any one client. • Loans rated 9 (Doubtful) – These loans have pronounced weaknesses that make full collection highly questionable and improbable. • Loans rated 10 (Loss) – These loans are considered uncollectible and continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. The following tables contain period-end balances of loans receivable disaggregated by credit quality indicator: Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Residential Mortgage: Current $ 92,911 $ 331,817 $ 507,677 $ 274,988 $ 111,715 $ 300,744 $ — $ 1,619,852 Non-performing 193 1,490 4,729 — 6,412 Total $ 92,911 $ 331,817 $ 507,677 $ 275,181 $ 113,205 $ 305,473 $ — $ 1,626,264 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Home equity: Current $ 8,085 $ 2,411 $ 2,241 $ 1,399 $ 2,587 $ 14,674 $ 63,967 $ 95,364 Non-performing 58 227 — 285 Total $ 8,085 $ 2,469 $ 2,241 $ 1,399 $ 2,587 $ 14,901 $ 63,967 $ 95,649 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer: Current $ 7,281 $ 7,459 $ 1,706 $ 2,841 $ 694 $ 3,842 $ 624 $ 24,447 Non-performing — — — — — — — — Total $ 7,281 $ 7,459 $ 1,706 $ 2,841 $ 694 $ 3,842 $ 624 $ 24,447 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 67 $ — $ 67 Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial Mortgage: Credit risk profile by internally assigned grade: 1-6 (Pass) $ 69,636 $ 466,760 $ 360,331 $ 226,994 $ 258,296 $ 459,472 $ — $ 1,841,489 7 (Special Mention) 1,826 1,822 — 1,507 48,470 25,493 — 79,118 8 (Substandard) — 1,096 — — — 9,770 — 10,866 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 71,462 $ 469,678 $ 360,331 $ 228,501 $ 306,766 $ 494,735 $ — $ 1,931,473 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and Industrial: Credit risk profile by internally assigned grade: 1-6 (Pass) $ 43,388 $ 107,494 $ 46,678 $ 50,660 $ 22,325 $ 40,647 $ 436 $ 311,628 7 (Special Mention) 60 25,057 92 3,467 2 121 10 28,809 8 (Substandard) — 1,321 — 256 1,575 122 — 3,274 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 43,448 $ 133,872 $ 46,770 $ 54,383 $ 23,902 $ 40,890 $ 446 $ 343,711 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 62 $ — $ 62 Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Residential Mortgage: Current $ 339,634 $ 531,147 $ 294,370 $ 119,414 $ 84,215 $ 274,703 $ — $ 1,643,483 Non-performing — — 206 315 684 4,150 — 5,355 Total $ 339,634 $ 531,147 $ 294,576 $ 119,729 $ 84,899 $ 278,853 $ — $ 1,648,838 Home equity: Current $ 5,291 $ 2,958 $ 1,349 $ 1,541 $ 867 $ 479 $ 98,144 $ 110,629 Non-performing — — — — — — 722 722 Total $ 5,291 $ 2,958 $ 1,349 $ 1,541 $ 867 $ 479 $ 98,866 $ 111,351 Consumer: Current $ 13,263 $ 8,573 $ 5,602 $ 836 $ 2,092 $ 6,631 $ 597 $ 37,594 Non-performing — — — — — — — — Total $ 13,263 $ 8,573 $ 5,602 $ 836 $ 2,092 $ 6,631 $ 597 $ 37,594 Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial Mortgage: Credit risk profile by internally 1-6 (Pass) $ 448,919 $ 366,414 $ 240,023 $ 269,899 $ 131,415 $ 383,473 $ — $ 1,840,143 7 (Special Mention) — — 4,562 41,578 21,697 6,132 — 73,969 8 (Substandard) — — — — — 311 — 311 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 448,919 $ 366,414 $ 244,585 $ 311,477 $ 153,112 $ 389,916 $ — $ 1,914,423 Commercial and Industrial: Credit risk profile by internally 1-6 (Pass) $ 130,418 $ 69,030 $ 65,390 $ 29,543 $ 20,549 $ 27,310 $ 475 $ 342,715 7 (Special Mention) — 4,211 130 161 407 121 10 5,040 8 (Substandard) — — 628 2,102 81 84 — 2,895 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 130,418 $ 73,241 $ 66,148 $ 31,806 $ 21,037 $ 27,515 $ 485 $ 350,650 Loans origination dates in the tables above reflect the original date, or the date of a material modification of a previously originated loan, for both organic originations and acquired loans. Delinquencies The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All loan types are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. Loan delinquencies can be attributed to many factors, such as but not limited to, a continuing weakness in, or deteriorating, economic conditions in the region in which the collateral is located, the loss of a tenant or lower lease rates for commercial borrowers, or the loss of income for consumers and the resulting liquidity impacts on the borrowers. The following tables contain period-end balances of loans receivable disaggregated by past due status: December 31, 2023 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or Greater Total Current Total (dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage $ 16,768 $ 1,234 $ 2,548 $ 20,550 $ 1,605,714 $ 1,626,264 Commercial mortgage 1,885 — — 1,885 1,929,588 1,931,473 Home equity 1,855 171 — 2,026 93,623 95,649 Commercial and industrial 1,477 301 58 1,836 341,875 343,711 Consumer 251 14 — 265 24,182 24,447 Total $ 22,236 $ 1,720 $ 2,606 $ 26,562 $ 3,994,982 $ 4,021,544 December 31, 2022 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days Total Current Total (dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage $ 11,359 $ 1,454 $ 1,809 $ 14,622 $ 1,634,216 $ 1,648,838 Commercial mortgage — — — — 1,914,423 1,914,423 Home equity 962 393 214 1,569 109,782 111,351 Commercial and industrial 65 269 — 334 350,316 350,650 Consumer 81 — — 81 37,513 37,594 Total $ 12,467 $ 2,116 $ 2,023 $ 16,606 $ 4,046,250 $ 4,062,856 There were two loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at December 31, 2023 totaling $ 51,000 . There were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on non-accrual status at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Allowance for Credit Losses The following tables contain changes in the allowance for credit losses disaggregated by loan category: For The Year Ended December 31, 2023 Residential Commercial Home Commercial & Consumer Unfunded Commitments Total (dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit loss: Allowance for credit losses - loan Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 13,321 $ 19,086 $ 573 $ 4,153 $ 641 $ — $ 37,774 Charge-offs — — — ( 62 ) ( 67 ) — ( 129 ) Recoveries — — — 37 22 — 59 Provision for (release of) credit ( 4,922 ) 5,366 7 812 ( 23 ) — 1,240 Allowance for credit losses - loan portfolio $ 8,399 $ 24,452 $ 580 $ 4,940 $ 573 $ — $ 38,944 Allowance for credit losses - Balance at December 31, 2022 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,096 $ 2,096 Provision for (release of) credit — — — — — ( 336 ) ( 336 ) Allowance for credit losses- $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,760 $ 1,760 Total allowance for credit loss $ 8,399 $ 24,452 $ 580 $ 4,940 $ 573 $ 1,760 $ 40,704 For The Year Ended December 30, 2022 Residential Commercial Home Commercial & Consumer Unfunded Commitments Total (dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit loss: Allowance for credit losses - loan Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 13,383 $ 17,133 $ 406 $ 2,989 $ 585 $ — $ 34,496 Provision for acquired loans 527 1,337 117 113 8 — 2,102 Initial allowance for PCD 19 37 — — — — 56 Charge-offs — — — ( 23 ) ( 29 ) — ( 52 ) Recoveries 4 — — 89 12 — 105 Provision for (release of) credit ( 612 ) 579 50 985 65 — 1,067 Allowance for credit losses - loan portfolio $ 13,321 $ 19,086 $ 573 $ 4,153 $ 641 $ — $ 37,774 Allowance for credit losses - Balance at December 31, 2021 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,384 $ 1,384 Acquired loan commitments — — — — — 137 137 Provision for credit — — — — — 575 575 Allowance for credit losses- — — — — — 2,096 2,096 Total allowance for credit loss $ 13,321 $ 19,086 $ 573 $ 4,153 $ 641 $ 2,096 $ 39,870 Balances of accrued interest receivable excluded from amortized cost and the calculation of allowance for credit losses amounted to $ 13.5 million, $ 11.6 million, and $ 6.8 million at December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. |