Big Lots (BIGGQ) 10-Q2023 Q2 Quarterly report

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

The number of the registrant’s common shares, $0.01 par value, outstanding as of September 1, 2023, was 29,194,640.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and these notes have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial information. The consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments which management believes are necessary to present fairly our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for all periods presented. The consolidated financial statements, however, do not include all information necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Interim results may not necessarily be indicative of results that may be expected for, or actually result during, any other interim period or for the year as a whole. We have historically experienced seasonal fluctuations, with a larger percentage of our net sales and operating profit realized in our fourth fiscal quarter. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and these notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 28, 2023 (“2022 Form 10-K”).

Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday nearest to January 31, which results in fiscal years consisting of 52 or 53 weeks. Unless otherwise stated, references to years in this report relate to fiscal years rather than calendar years. Fiscal year 2023 (“2023”) is comprised of the 53 weeks that began on January 29, 2023 and will end on February 3, 2024. Fiscal year 2022 (“2022”) was comprised of the 52 weeks that began on January 30, 2022 and ended on January 28, 2023. The fiscal quarters ended July 29, 2023 (“second quarter of 2023”) and July 30, 2022 (“second quarter of 2022”) were both comprised of 13 weeks. The year-to-date periods ended July 29, 2023 (“year-to-date 2023”) and July 30, 2022 (“year-to-date 2022”) were both comprised of 26 weeks.

Our long-lived assets primarily consist of property and equipment - net and operating lease right-of-use assets. If the net book value of a store’s long-lived assets is not recoverable by the expected undiscounted future cash flows of the store, we estimate the fair value of the store’s assets and recognize an impairment charge for the excess net book value of the store’s long-lived assets over its fair value (categorized as Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy). Fair value at the store level is typically based on projected discounted cash flows over the remaining lease term.

In the year-to-date 2023, the Company recorded aggregate asset impairment charges of $82.9 million related to 237 underperforming store locations, which were comprised of $62.1 million of operating lease right-of-use assets and $22.3 million of property and equipment - net, and partially offset by gains on extinguishment of lease liabilities from lease cancellations from previously impaired stores of $1.5 million. In the year-to-date 2022, the Company recorded aggregate asset impairment charges of $24.1 million related to 56 underperforming store locations, which were comprised of $17.5 million of operating lease right-of-use assets and $6.6 million of property and equipment - net. The impairment charges for 2022 and 2023 were recorded in selling and administrative expenses in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

In the year-to-date 2023, the Company completed the sale of two owned store locations that were classified as held for sale at the end of fiscal 2022 with an aggregate net book value of $2.2 million. The net cash proceeds on the sale of real estate were $9.3 million and resulted in a gain after related expenses of $7.1 million. The gain on the sales of real estate after related expenses were recorded in selling and administrative expenses in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Selling and administrative expenses include store expenses (such as payroll and occupancy costs) and costs related to warehousing, distribution, outbound transportation to our stores, advertising, purchasing, insurance, non-income taxes, accepting credit/debit cards, impairment charges, and overhead. Our selling and administrative expense rates may not be comparable to those of other retailers that include warehousing, distribution, and outbound transportation costs to stores in cost of sales. Distribution and outbound transportation costs included in selling and administrative expenses were $63.8 million and $81.9 million for the second quarter of 2023 and the second quarter of 2022, respectively, and $204.1 million and $164.0 million for the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022, respectively. Included in our distribution and outbound transportation costs for the second quarter of 2023 were $2.0 million of closing costs associated with the closure of our forward distribution centers (“FDCs”), and immaterial expense associated with the exit from our Prior Synthetic Lease (as defined below in Note 3) that was refinanced in the first quarter of 2023. In the year-to-date 2023, we recognized $10.6 million of FDC closing costs and $53.6 million of costs related to the exit from our Prior Synthetic Lease. As of the end of the second quarter of 2023, we have ceased all business operations at our FDCs and are actively marketing each of these locations for sublease.

Advertising costs, which are expensed as incurred, consist primarily of television and print advertising, digital, social media, internet and e-mail marketing and advertising, payment card-linked marketing and in-store point-of-purchase signage and presentations. Advertising expenses are included in selling and administrative expenses. Advertising expenses were $19.4 million and $22.0 million for the second quarter of 2023 and the second quarter of 2022, respectively, and $44.3 million and $43.4 million for the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022, respectively.

The following table provides supplemental cash flow information for the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022:

We periodically assess, and make minor adjustments to, our product hierarchy, which can impact the roll-up of our merchandise categories. Our financial reporting process utilizes the most current product hierarchy in reporting net sales by merchandise category for all periods presented. Therefore, there may be minor reclassifications of net sales by merchandise category compared to previously reported amounts.

There are currently no additional new accounting pronouncements with a future effective date that are of significance, or potential significance, to us.

Revolving loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement are available in an aggregate amount equal to the lesser of (1) the aggregate Commitments and (2) a borrowing base consisting of eligible credit card receivables and eligible inventory (including in-transit inventory), subject to customary exceptions and reserves. Under the 2022 Credit Agreement, we may obtain additional Commitments on no more than five occasions in an aggregate amount of up to $300 million, subject to agreement by the lenders to increase their respective Commitments and certain other conditions. The 2022 Credit Agreement includes a swing loan sublimit of 10% of the then applicable aggregate Commitments and a $90 million letter of credit sublimit. Loans made under the 2022 Credit Agreement may be prepaid without penalty. Borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement are available for general corporate purposes, working capital and to repay certain of our indebtedness. Our obligations under the 2022 Credit Agreement are secured by our working capital assets (including inventory, credit card receivables and other accounts receivable, deposit accounts, and cash), subject to customary exceptions. The pricing and certain fees under the 2022 Credit Agreement fluctuate based on our availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement. The 2022 Credit Agreement allows us to select our interest rate for each borrowing from multiple interest rate options. The interest rate options are generally derived from the prime rate or one, three or six month adjusted Term SOFR. We will also pay an unused commitment fee of 0.20% per annum on the unused Commitments. The 2022 Credit Agreement contains an environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) provision, which may provide favorable pricing and fee adjustments if we meet ESG performance criteria to be established by a future amendment to the 2022 Credit Agreement.

The 2022 Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants (including, where applicable, restrictions on our ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends, redeem or repurchase stock, prepay certain indebtedness, make certain loans and investments, dispose of assets, enter into restrictive agreements, engage in transactions with affiliates, modify organizational documents, incur liens and consummate mergers and other fundamental changes) and events of default. In addition, the 2022 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 if (1) certain events of default occur and continue or (2) borrowing availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement is less than the greater of (a) 10% of the Maximum Credit Amount (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) or (b) $67.5 million. A violation of these covenants could result in a default under the 2022 Credit Agreement which could permit the lenders to restrict our ability to further access the 2022 Credit Agreement for loans and letters of credit and require the immediate repayment of any outstanding loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement.

As of July 29, 2023, we had a Borrowing Base (as defined under the 2022 Credit Agreement) of $829.4 million under the 2022 Credit Agreement. At July 29, 2023, we had $493.2 million in borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Credit Agreement and $41.2 million committed to outstanding letters of credit, leaving $295.0 million available under the 2022 Credit Agreement, subject to certain borrowing base limitations as further discussed above. At July 29, 2023, we had $212.1 million available under the 2022 Credit Agreement, net of the borrowing base limitations discussed above.

The fair values of our long-term obligations under the 2022 Credit Agreement are estimated based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues and the current interest rates offered for similar instruments. These fair value measurements are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. We believe the carrying value of our debt is a reasonable approximation of fair value.

In the second quarter of 2023, we entered into three individual financing agreements (“2023 Term Notes”) aggregating to $16.2 million, which are secured by our unearned insurance premiums. The 2023 Term Notes will expire between January 2024 and May 2024. We are required to make monthly payments over the term of the 2023 Term Notes and are permitted to prepay, subject to penalties, at any time. The 2023 Term Notes carry annual interest rates ranging from 7.1% to 8.5%. The Company did not receive any cash in connection with the 2023 Term Notes.

Debt was recorded in our consolidated balance sheets as follows:

On March 15, 2023, AVDC, LLC (“Lessee”), a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, Bankers Commercial Corporation (“Lessor”), the rent assignees parties thereto (“Rent Assignees” and, together with Lessor, “Participants”), MUFG Bank, Ltd., as collateral agent for the Rent Assignees (in such capacity, “Collateral Agent”), and MUFG Bank, Ltd., as administrative agent for the Participants, entered into a Participation Agreement (the “Participation Agreement”), pursuant to which the Participants funded $100 million to Wachovia Service Corporation (“Prior Lessor”) to finance Lessor’s purchase of the land and building related to our Apple Valley, CA distribution center (“Leased Property”) from the Prior Lessor.

Also on March 15, 2023, we entered into a Lease Agreement and supplement to the Lease Agreement (collectively, the “Lease” and together with the Participation Agreement and related agreements, the “2023 Synthetic Lease”) pursuant to which the Lessor will lease the Leased Property to Lessee for an initial term of 60 months. The Lease may be extended for up to an additional five years, in one-year or longer annual periods, with each renewal subject to approval by the Participants. The 2023 Synthetic Lease requires Lessee to pay basic rent on the scheduled payment dates in arrears in an amount equal to (a) a per annum rate equal to Term SOFR for the applicable payment period plus a 10 basis point spread adjustment plus an applicable margin equal to 250 basis points multiplied by (b) the portion of the lease balance not constituting the investment by Lessor in the Leased Property. In addition to basic rent, Lessee must pay all costs and expenses associated with the use or occupancy of the Leased Property, including without limitation, maintenance, insurance and certain indemnity payments. GAAP treatment of the synthetic lease refinancing transaction requires us to treat the assignment of the purchase option from Prior Lessor to Lessor as a deemed acquisition of the Leased Property due to the Company’s control of the Leased Property under GAAP at the time the assigned purchase option was exercised. Accordingly, the Company applied sale and leaseback accounting to the transfer of the property from the Prior Lessor to the Lessor. The transaction met the criteria of a “failed sale-leaseback” under GAAP, which required us to record an asset for the deemed acquisition and an equivalent financing liability that represents the cost to acquire the Leased Property. The asset of $100.0 million was recorded in property and equipment – net in the consolidated balance sheets. The financing liability of $100.0 million was recorded in accrued operating expenses (current) and other liabilities (noncurrent) in the consolidated balance sheets.

Concurrently with Lessor’s purchase of the Leased Property from Prior Lessor, the participation agreement and lease agreement associated with our former synthetic lease arrangement, in each case entered into on November 30, 2017, and most recently amended on September 21, 2022 (the “Prior Synthetic Lease”), were terminated effective on March 15, 2023. In connection with the termination of the Prior Synthetic Lease, the Company paid a termination fee of approximately $53.4 million to Prior Lessor using borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement. As a result of the termination of the Prior Synthetic Lease, the borrowing base under the 2022 Credit Agreement is no longer subject to a reserve for the outstanding balance under the Prior Synthetic Lease.

The Company, together with all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries that serve as guarantors under the 2022 Credit Agreement guarantee the payment and performance obligations under the 2023 Synthetic Lease. The obligations under the 2023 Synthetic Lease are also secured by a pledge of Lessee’s interest in the Leased Property. In addition, Lessee, no less frequently than annually, will be subject to a test (the “LTV Test”) that requires the ratio of (a) the adjusted lease balance minus any Lessee Letter of Credit (as defined below) to (b) the Leased Property’s fair market value to not be greater than 60 percent. If Lessee does not comply with the LTV Test, Lessee must deliver or adjust a letter of credit in favor of the Collateral Agent (“Lessee Letter of Credit”) in an amount necessary to comply with the LTV Test. The 2023 Synthetic Lease also contains customary representations and warranties, covenants and events of default.

The Participation Agreement also requires us to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 if (1) certain events of default occur and continue or (2) borrowing availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement is less than the greater of (a) 10%

of the Maximum Credit Amount (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) or (b) $67.5 million, which is consistent with the terms of the 2022 Credit Agreement.

If an event of default occurs under the Lease, Lessor generally has the right to recover the adjusted lease balance and certain other costs and amounts payable under the 2023 Synthetic Lease and, following such payment, Lessee would be entitled to receive ownership in the Leased Property from Lessor.

On December 1, 2021, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million of our common shares (“2021 Repurchase Authorization”). Pursuant to the 2021 Repurchase Authorization, we may repurchase shares in the open market and/or in privately negotiated transactions at our discretion, subject to market conditions, our compliance with the terms of the 2022 Credit Agreement, and other factors. The 2021 Repurchase Authorization has no scheduled termination date. In the second quarter of 2023, second quarter of 2022, the year-to-date 2023, and the year-to-date 2022, no shares were repurchased under the 2021 Repurchase Authorization. As of July 29, 2023, we had $159.4 million available for future repurchases under the 2021 Repurchase Authorization.

Purchases of common shares reported in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity include shares acquired to satisfy income tax withholdings associated with the vesting of share-based awards.

The Company declared and paid cash dividends per common share during the quarterly periods presented as follows:

We have issued RSUs, PSUs, SVCA PSUs, and TSR PSUs under our shareholder-approved equity compensation plans. We recognized share-based compensation expense of $4.4 million and $3.9 million in the second quarter of 2023 and the second quarter of 2022, respectively, and $8.5 million and $7.5 million for the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022, respectively.

The following table summarizes the non-vested RSU activity for the year-to-date 2023:

The non-vested RSUs granted in the year-to-date 2023 generally vest, and are expensed, on a ratable basis over three years from the grant date of the award, if the grantee remains employed by us through the vesting dates. The RSUs granted in 2023 have no required financial performance objectives.

In the second quarter of 2023, 46,937 common shares underlying the restricted stock units granted in 2022 to the non-employee directors vested on the trading day immediately preceding our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“2023 Annual Meeting”). These units were part of the annual compensation of the non-employee directors of the Board. In the second quarter of 2023, the chairman of our Board received an annual restricted stock unit grant having a grant date fair value of approximately $245,000 and the remaining non-employees elected to our Board at our 2023 Annual Meeting each received an annual restricted stock unit grant having a grant date fair value of approximately $145,000. The 2023 restricted stock units will vest on the earlier of (1) the trading day immediately preceding our 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, or (2) the non-employee director’s death or disability. However, the non-employee directors will forfeit their restricted stock units if their service on the Board terminates before either vesting event occurs.

In the third quarter of 2023, the Committee established the financial performance objectives for the 2023 fiscal year, which apply to the 2021 PSUs, 2022 PSUs, and the 2023 PSUs awards.

The 2023 PSU awards were issued with three distinct annual minimum financial performance objectives. The annual minimum financial performance objectives for the fiscal years 2024 and 2025 are expected to be set at the beginning of each of the respective fiscal years. As a result of the process used to establish the minimum financial performance objectives, we may meet the requirements for establishing a grant date for the 2023 PSUs when we communicate the financial performance objectives

for 2023 to the award recipients, which will then trigger the service inception date, the fair value of the awards, and the associated expense recognition period. If we meet the applicable minimum threshold financial performance objectives in any of the three performance periods and the grantee remains employed by us through the end of the performance period, the PSUs will vest on the first trading day after we file our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the last fiscal year in the three-year performance period.

As a result of the process used to establish the financial performance objectives, we will only meet the requirements for establishing a grant date for PSUs issued in 2021 and 2022 when we communicate the financial performance objectives for the third fiscal year of the award to the award recipients, which will then trigger the service inception date, the fair value of the awards, and the associated expense recognition period. If we meet the applicable threshold financial performance objectives over the three-year performance period and the grantee remains employed by us through the end of the performance period, the PSUs will vest on the first trading day after we file our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the last fiscal year in the performance period.

The number of shares distributed upon vesting of the 2021 and 2022 PSUs depends on the average performance attained during the three-year performance period compared to the performance targets established by the Human Capital and Compensation Committee, and may result in the distribution of an amount of shares that is greater or less than the number of 2021 and 2022 PSUs granted, as defined in the award agreement.

The number of shares distributed upon vesting of the TSR PSUs depends on the average performance attained during the three-year performance period compared to the performance targets established by the Human Capital and Compensation Committee, and may result in the distribution of an amount of shares that is greater or less than the number of TSR PSUs granted, as defined in the award agreement.

In the year-to-date 2023, we also awarded SVCA PSUs to certain members of management, which vest based on the achievement of multiple share price performance goals over a three-year contractual term and require the grantee to remain employed by us through the end of the contractual term. We use a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the fair value of the SVCA PSUs on the grant date and recognize expense ratably over the service period. If we meet the applicable performance thresholds over the three-year performance period and the grantee remains employed by us through the end of the contractual term, the SVCA PSUs will vest at the end of the contractual term. If the share price performance goals applicable to the SVCA PSUs are not achieved prior to expiration, the unvested portion of the awards will be forfeited.

We have begun or expect to begin recognizing expense related to PSUs, TSR PSUs, and SVCA PSUs as follows:

We recognized $0.4 million and $0.3 million of share-based compensation expense related to SVCA PSUs and TSR PSUs in the second quarter of 2023 and the second quarter of 2022, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.4 million of share-based compensation expense related to SVCA PSUs and TSR PSUs in the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022, respectively. As of July 29, 2023, financial performance objectives have not been set for the 2021 PSUs, 2022 PSUs, and the 2023 PSUs. As a result, there were no PSUs outstanding at July 29, 2023.

The following table summarizes the activity related to TSR PSUs and SVCA PSUs for the year-to-date 2023:

The following activity occurred under our share-based plans during the respective periods shown:

The total unearned compensation expense related to all share-based awards outstanding, excluding PSUs issued in 2021, 2022, and 2023, at July 29, 2023, was approximately $30.8 million. We expect to recognize this compensation cost through June 2026 based on existing vesting terms with the weighted-average remaining expense recognition period being approximately 2.2 years from July 29, 2023.

The provision for income taxes was based on a current estimate of the annual effective tax rate, adjusted to reflect the effect of discrete items.

For the year-to-date 2023, the Company determined it could estimate the effective income tax rate with sufficient precision. Therefore, the income tax expense (benefit) was based on the estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted to reflect the effect of discrete items.

We have estimated the reasonably possible expected net change in unrecognized tax benefits through August 3, 2024, based on (1) expected cash and noncash settlements or payments of uncertain tax positions, and (2) lapses of the applicable statutes of limitations for unrecognized tax benefits. The estimated net decrease in unrecognized tax benefits for the next 12 months is approximately $2.0 million. Actual results may differ materially from this estimate.

We have defended several wage and hour matters in California. The cases were brought by various current and/or former California associates alleging various violations of California wage and hour laws. During the second quarter of 2023, we determined an incremental loss from the wage and hour matters was probable and we increased our accrual for litigation by recording an additional $0.9 million charge as our settlement accrual for these matters in aggregate. At July 29, 2023, our remaining accrual for California wage and hour matters was $0.9 million.

We are involved in legal actions and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. We currently believe that each such action and claim will be resolved without a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity. However, litigation involves an element of uncertainty. Future developments could cause these actions or claims to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.

We use the following seven merchandise categories, which are consistent with our internal management and reporting of merchandise net sales: Food; Consumables; Soft Home; Hard Home; Furniture; Seasonal; and Apparel, Electronics, & Other. The Food category includes our beverage & grocery; specialty foods; and pet departments. The Consumables category includes our health, beauty and cosmetics; plastics; paper; and chemical departments. The Soft Home category includes our home organization; fashion bedding; utility bedding; bath; window; decorative textile; and area rugs departments. The Hard Home category includes our small appliances; table top; food preparation; home maintenance; and toys departments. The Furniture category includes our upholstery; mattress; ready-to-assemble; case goods; and home décor departments. The Seasonal category includes our lawn & garden; summer; Christmas; and other holiday departments. The Apparel, Electronics, & Other department includes our apparel; electronics; jewelry; hosiery; and candy & snacks departments, as well as the assortments for The Lot, our cross-category presentation solution, the Queue Line, our streamlined checkout experience, and our “Bargains, Treasures, and Essentials” closeout offerings.

We periodically assess, and make minor adjustments to, our product hierarchy, which can impact the roll-up of our merchandise categories. Our financial reporting process utilizes the most current product hierarchy in reporting net sales by merchandise

category for all periods presented. Therefore, there may be minor reclassifications of net sales by merchandise category compared to previously reported amounts.

The following table presents net sales data by merchandise category:

We facilitate a voluntary supply chain finance (“SCF”) program through a participating financial institution. This SCF program enables our suppliers to sell their receivables due from the Company to a participating financial institution at their discretion. As of July 29, 2023, the SCF program had a $55.0 million revolving capacity. We are not a party to the agreements between the participating financial institution and the suppliers in connection with the SCF program. The range of payment terms we negotiate with our suppliers is consistent, irrespective of whether a supplier participates in the SCF program. No guarantees are provided by the Company or any of our subsidiaries under the SCF program.

The amounts payable to the participating financial institution for suppliers who voluntarily participate in the SCF program are included within the accounts payable on our consolidated balance sheets. Amounts under the SCF program included within accounts payable were $17.6 million and $35.4 million as of July 29, 2023, and January 28, 2023, respectively. Payments made under the SCF program to the financial institution, like payments of other accounts payable, are a reduction to our operating cash flow.

As of August 1, 2023, the SCF program had a $0.0 million revolving capacity for new commitments as the previous participating financial institution is no longer participating in the SCF program. All outstanding commitments as of August 1, 2023, will be fulfilled under the original terms of the SCF program. As of September 1, 2023, a new participating financial institution has agreed to participate in the SCF program. As of September 1, 2023, the SCF program had a revolving capacity of approximately $30.0 million. All other terms except for the revolving capacity, under the SCF program will remain substantially similar under the new participating financial institution.

On August 25, 2023, we simultaneously terminated the Synthetic Lease for our Apple Valley, CA distribution center (“AVDC”), took title to the AVDC property and completed sale and leaseback transactions for the AVDC and 22 owned store locations (“SLB Stores”). The transactions, which were completed with the same buyer-lessor of our four other regional distribution centers, also included a five-year extension of the lease for our Columbus, OH distribution center (“CODC”). The aggregate gross cash consideration received in the transaction was $300.1 million, which we used to pay transaction expenses, fully pay off the 2023 Synthetic Lease for approximately $101 million and repay borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement. The accounting treatment for these transactions has not yet been finalized; however, our initial expectations are disclosed below.

We expect to allocate a portion of the cash consideration received to the extension of the lease for CODC and we expect that cash consideration to be treated as a lease incentive. We expect the remainder of the cash consideration received to be allocated to the sale-leaseback transactions. In accordance with sale-leaseback accounting guidelines, the remaining cash received will be compared, on an individual property basis, to the fair market value of the properties. Any property sales determined to be above-market sales will give rise to an aggregate off-market adjustment liability, with any below market sales resulting in an aggregate off-market adjustment to net proceeds on the sale and a corresponding increase in prepaid rent associated with the

leases. The aggregate net book value of AVDC and the SLB Stores assets was approximately $122.0 million as of July 29, 2023. As a result, we expect to record a significant gain on the sale of assets in the third quarter of 2023.

We expect that the leases we entered into with the buyer-lessor will be treated as operating leases, in which case we would record the right of use assets within operating lease right of use asset in our consolidated balance sheets. For above-market transactions, expected future payments to the buyer-lessor would be allocated between the lease liability and the off-market adjustment liability. The leases will have an initial term of 20 years and multiple extension options. The purchase and sale agreement restricts us from drawing on the 2022 Credit Agreement for any purpose other than working capital, general corporate, operational requirements or capital expenditures for 180 days following the closing of the transactions unless our availability under the 2022 Credit agreement exceeds $500 million as of the end of a quarterly reporting period.

Our aggregate initial annual cash payments to the buyer-lessor for AVDC and the SLB stores are approximately $23 million and the payments will escalate two percent annually.

We currently expect to close sale and leaseback transactions with respect to two additional owned store locations in the third quarter of 2023, subject to due diligence and other customary closing conditions.

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“Act”) provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements to encourage companies to provide prospective information, so long as those statements are identified as forward-looking and are accompanied by meaningful cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the statements. We wish to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Act.

Certain statements in this report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Act, and such statements are intended to qualify for the protection of the safe harbor provided by the Act. The words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximate,” “expect,” “objective,” “goal,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “will,” “should,” “may,” “target,” “forecast,” “guidance,” “outlook,” and similar expressions generally identify forward-looking statements. Similarly, descriptions of our objectives, strategies, plans, goals or targets are also forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to the expectations of management as to future occurrences and trends, including statements expressing optimism or pessimism about future operating results or events and projected sales, earnings, capital expenditures and business strategy. Forward-looking statements are based upon a number of assumptions concerning future conditions that may ultimately prove to be inaccurate. Forward-looking statements are and will be based upon management’s then-current views and assumptions regarding future events and operating performance, and are applicable only as of the dates of such statements. Although we believe the expectations expressed in forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions within the bounds of our knowledge, forward-looking statements, by their nature, involve risks, uncertainties and other factors, any one or a combination of which could materially affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

Forward-looking statements that we make herein and in other reports and releases are not guarantees of future performance and actual results may differ materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to, the current economic and credit conditions, inflation, the cost of goods, our inability to successfully execute strategic initiatives, competitive pressures, economic pressures on our customers and us, the availability of brand name closeout merchandise, trade restrictions, freight costs, the risks discussed in the Risk Factors section of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and other factors discussed from time to time in our other filings with the SEC, including Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. This report should be read in conjunction with such filings, and you should consider all of these risks, uncertainties and other factors carefully in evaluating forward-looking statements.

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Readers are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our public announcements and SEC filings.

The discussion and analysis presented below should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes. Each term defined in the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements has the same meaning in this item and the balance of this report.

The following are the results from the second quarter of 2023 that we believe are key indicators of our operating performance when compared to our operating performance from the second quarter of 2022:

See the discussion and analysis below for additional details regarding our operating results.

The following table presents stores opened and closed during the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022:

We expect our store count at the end of 2023 to decrease by over 35 stores compared to our store count at the end of 2022.

The following table compares components of our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as a percentage of net sales at the end of each period:

Net sales by merchandise category (in dollars and as a percentage of total net sales), net sales change (in dollars and percentage), and comparable sales (“comp” or “comps”) in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the second quarter of 2022 were as follows:

 

We periodically assess, and make minor adjustments to, our product hierarchy, which can impact the roll-up of our merchandise categories. Our financial reporting process utilizes the most current product hierarchy in reporting net sales by merchandise category for all periods presented. Therefore, there may be minor reclassifications of net sales by merchandise category compared to previously reported amounts.

Net sales decreased $206.9 million, or 15.4%, to $1,139.4 million in the second quarter of 2023, compared to $1,346.2 million in the second quarter of 2022. The decrease in net sales was primarily driven by a 14.6% decrease in our comps, which decreased net sales by $187.3 million and our non-comparable sales, which decreased net sales by $19.6 million, driven by the net decrease of 20 stores since the second quarter of 2022. Our comps are calculated based on the results of all stores that were open at least fifteen months plus our e-commerce net sales.

Our decreased net sales and comps in the second quarter of 2023 were significantly impacted by macro economic pressures on our customers, which has negatively impacted the discretionary spending of our customers, particularly with respect to large-ticket Furniture and Seasonal products.

Our Food and Consumables categories experienced decreases in comps and net sales in the second quarter of 2023. These categories performed slightly better than our home products categories as they are less sensitive to changes in discretionary spending.

Our Apparel, Electronics, & Other category experienced slight increases in net sales and comps largely driven by the success of our closeout offerings in the second quarter of 2023. We believe that the net sales of our Apparel, Electronics, & Other category benefited from our “Bargains, Treasures, and Essentials” merchandising strategy, as we continue to expand the lower entry-level price points in our product offering in the second quarter of 2023.

Gross margin dollars decreased $62.6 million, or 14.3%, to $375.9 million for the second quarter of 2023, compared to $438.5 million for the second quarter of 2022. The decrease in gross margin dollars was due to a decrease in net sales, which decreased gross margin dollars by $67.4 million, partially offset by an increase in gross margin rate, which increased gross margin dollars by $4.8 million. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales increased 40 basis points to 33.0% in the second quarter of 2023 as compared to 32.6% in the second quarter of 2022. The gross margin rate increase was primarily due to lower inbound freight costs and a slightly lower shrink rate, partially offset by a higher markdown rate. Inbound freight costs continue to decline due to lower ocean carriage rates, lower fuel costs, and decreased inbound volume versus the second quarter of 2022. The lower shrink rate was primarily driven by improvements in unit and dollar loss in our 2023 physical inventory counts, partially offset by sales deleverage. The higher markdown rate was a result of the decline in sales in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the second quarter of 2022, as our markdown volume in the second quarter of 2023 was similar to the second quarter of 2022 as we continue to discount merchandise to drive store traffic and move through inventory.

As a percentage of net sales, selling and administrative expenses increased 220 basis points to 40.1% for the second quarter of 2023 compared to 37.9% for the second quarter of 2022.

Depreciation expense increased $4.1 million to $41.3 million in the second quarter of 2023, compared to $37.2 million in the second quarter of 2022. The increase in depreciation expense was driven by accelerated depreciation costs of $7.0 million related to the closure of our FDCs, partially offset by decreases in depreciation due to asset impairment charges recorded in the trailing twelve months and decreased capital expenditures in the trailing twelve months.

Depreciation expense as a percentage of sales increased 80 basis points compared to the second quarter of 2022.

Interest expense was $11.2 million in the second quarter of 2023, compared to $3.9 million in the second quarter of 2022. The increase in interest expense was primarily driven by higher total average borrowings (including finance leases and the sale and leaseback financing liability) and an increase in our weighted average interest rate. We had total average borrowings of $637.8 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to total average borrowings of $397.8 million in the second quarter of 2022. The increase in our weighted average interest rate throughout the second quarter of 2023 compared to the second quarter of 2022 was due to higher borrowing rates under our 2022 Credit Agreement. The increase in total average borrowings was driven by borrowings under our credit facilities in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the second quarter of 2022.

Other income (expense) was $0.0 million in the second quarter of 2023, compared to $0.3 million in the second quarter of 2022. The change was driven by the absence of diesel fuel derivatives in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the gains on our diesel fuel derivatives in second quarter of 2022.

The effective income tax rate for the second quarter of 2023 and the second quarter of 2022 was (87.5%) and 25.4%, respectively. The change in the effective income tax rate was driven by a full valuation allowance of $147.9 million recorded against our deferred tax assets, partially offset by the effect of carry back employment related tax credits and state net operating losses to prior fiscal periods.

Net sales by merchandise category (in dollars and as a percentage of total net sales) in the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022, and the change in net sales (in dollars and percentage) and the change in comps (in percentage) from the year-to-date 2023 compared to the year-to-date 2022 were as follows:

While our Food and Consumables categories experienced decreased comps and net sales in the year-to-date 2023, these categories performed relatively better than our home products categories in the year-to-date 2023 as they are less sensitive to changes in discretionary spending.

Our Apparel, Electronics, & Other category experienced a decrease in comps and net sales as a result of the decreased discretionary spending in the year-to-date 2023, as discussed above. We believe that the relatively modest decline in the net sales of our Apparel, Electronics, & Other category compared to the declines experienced in our other merchandise categories was attributable to our closeout offerings in the year-to-date 2023. We have continued to expand our “Bargains, Treasures, and Essentials” merchandising strategy, which offers lower entry-level price points with name brand closeout offerings in the year-to-date 2023.

Gross margin dollars decreased $174.7 million, or 18.5%, to $768.4 million for the year-to-date 2023, compared to $943.1 million for the year-to-date 2022. The decrease in gross margin dollars was due to a decrease in net sales, which decreased gross margin by $158.7 million and a decrease in gross margin rate, which decreased gross margin by $16.0 million. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased 70 basis points to 34.0% in the year-to-date 2023, compared to 34.7% in the year-to-date 2022. The gross margin rate decrease was primarily a result of a higher markdown rate and a slightly higher shrink rate, partially offset by lower inbound freight costs. The higher markdown rate was a result of the decline in sales in the year-to-date 2023 compared to the year-to-date 2022, as our markdown volume in the year-to-date 2023 was similar to the year-to-date 2022 as we continue to discount merchandise to drive store traffic and move through slow moving Seasonal and home inventory categories. The slightly higher shrink rate was also driven by a cumulative adverse adjustment to our shrink accrual rate in the year-to-date 2023 as we projected better results for our 2023 physical inventory count results at the end of 2022 versus the actualized results in the year-to-date 2022. Inbound freight costs declined due to lower ocean carriage rates, lower fuel costs, and decreased inbound volume versus the year-to-date 2022.

As a percentage of net sales, selling and administrative expenses increased 1,100 basis points to 47.4% for the year-to-date 2023 compared to 36.4% for the year-to-date 2022.

Depreciation expense increased $3.3 million to $77.9 million in the year-to-date 2023, compared to $74.6 million for the year-to-date 2022. The increase was driven by accelerated depreciation costs of $8.0 million related to the cessation of our FDC operations, partially offset by decreases due to asset impairment charges taken in the last twelve months and decreased capital expenditures in the last twelve months.

As a percentage of sales, depreciation expense increased by 70 basis points in the year-to-date 2023 compared to the year-to-date 2022.

Interest expense was $20.3 million in the year-to-date 2023, compared to $6.7 million in the year-to-date 2022. The increase in interest expense was driven by higher total average borrowings (including finance leases and the sale and leaseback financing

liability) and an increase in our weighted average interest rate. We had total average borrowings of $606.2 million in the year-to-date 2023 compared to $349.4 million in the year-to-date 2022. The increase in our weighted average interest rate throughout the year-to-date 2023 compared to the year-to-date 2022 was due to higher borrowing rates under our 2022 Credit Agreement. The increase in total average borrowings was driven by our borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement throughout the year-to-date 2023 compared to the year-to-date 2022.

Other income (expense) was $0.0 million in the year-to-date 2023, compared to $1.3 million in the year-to-date 2022. The change was driven by the absence of diesel fuel derivatives in the year-to-date 2023 compared to the gains on our diesel fuel derivatives in year-to-date 2022.

The effective income tax rate for the year-to-date 2023 and the year-to-date 2022 was (13.0%) and 25.6%, respectively. The change in the effective income tax rate was driven by a full valuation allowance of $147.9 million recorded on our deferred assets, partially offset by the effect of carry back employment related tax credits and state net operating losses to prior fiscal periods.

In fiscal 2023, the U.S. economy has continued to face macro-economic challenges including high inflation, which has adversely impacted the buying power of our customers. We expect the inflationary impacts will abate over time but will continue to negatively impact the discretionary spending of our customers, particularly with respect to high ticket products, in the third and fourth quarters of 2023. In addition, our business has been impacted by a post-COVID shift of consumer spending away from home categories, a shift that we also expect to abate over time. We have incorporated our current best estimate of these impacts into the guidance below.

As of August 29, 2023, we expect the following in the third quarter of 2023:

As of August 29, 2023, we expect the following in the fourth quarter of 2023:

Due to accumulated losses, we do not expect to recognize any tax benefit for the third quarter of 2023.

We are not currently providing earnings per share guidance for the third and fourth quarters of 2023. However, we do anticipate a loss in the third quarter of 2023.

For 2023, we expect capital expenditures of approximately $75 million.

On September 21, 2022, we entered into a five-year asset-based revolving credit facility (“2022 Credit Agreement”) in an aggregate committed amount of up to $900 million (the “Commitments”) that expires on September 21, 2027. In connection with our entry into the 2022 Credit Agreement, we paid bank fees and other expenses in the aggregate amount of $3.4 million, which are being amortized over the term of the 2022 Credit Agreement.

Revolving loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement are available in an aggregate amount equal to the lesser of (1) the aggregate Commitments and (2) a borrowing base consisting of eligible credit card receivables and eligible inventory (including in-transit inventory), subject to customary exceptions and reserves. Under the 2022 Credit Agreement, we may obtain additional Commitments on no more than five occasions in an aggregate amount of up to $300 million, subject to agreement by the lenders to increase their respective Commitments and certain other conditions. The 2022 Credit Agreement includes a swing loan sublimit of 10% of the then applicable aggregate Commitments and a $90 million letter of credit sublimit. Loans made under the 2022 Credit Agreement may be prepaid without penalty. Borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement are available for general corporate purposes, working capital and to repay certain of our indebtedness. Our obligations under the 2022 Credit Agreement are secured by our working capital assets (including inventory, credit card receivables and other accounts receivable, deposit accounts, and cash), subject to customary exceptions. The pricing and certain fees under the 2022 Credit Agreement fluctuate based on our availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement. The 2022 Credit Agreement allows us to select our interest rate for each borrowing from multiple interest rate options. The interest rate options are generally derived from the prime rate or one, three or six month adjusted Term SOFR. We will also pay an unused commitment fee of 0.20% per annum on the unused Commitments. The 2022 Credit Agreement contains an environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) provision, which may provide favorable pricing and fee adjustments if we meet ESG performance criteria to be established by a future amendment to the 2022 Credit Agreement.

The 2022 Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants (including, where applicable, restrictions on our ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends, redeem or repurchase stock, prepay certain indebtedness, make certain loans and investments, dispose of assets, enter into restrictive agreements, engage in transactions with affiliates, modify organizational documents, incur liens and consummate mergers and other fundamental changes) and events of default. In addition, the 2022 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 if (1) certain events of default occur and continue or (2) borrowing availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement is less than the greater of (a) 10% of the Maximum Credit Amount (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) or (b) $67.5 million. Additionally, we are subject to cross-default provisions associated with the 2023 Synthetic Lease (as defined below). A violation of these covenants could result in a default under the 2022 Credit Agreement which could permit the lenders to restrict our ability to further access the 2022 Credit Agreement for loans and letters of credit and require the immediate repayment of any outstanding loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement. At July 29, 2023, we were in compliance with the covenants of the 2022 Credit Agreement.

On March 15, 2023, AVDC, LLC (“Lessee”), a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary the Company, Bankers Commercial Corporation (“Lessor”), the rent assignees parties thereto (“Rent Assignees” and, together with Lessor, “Participants”), MUFG Bank, Ltd., as collateral agent for the Rent Assignees (in such capacity, “Collateral Agent”), and MUFG Bank, Ltd., as administrative agent for the Participants, entered into a Participation Agreement (the “Participation Agreement”), pursuant to which the Participants funded $100 million to Wachovia Service Corporation (“Prior Lessor”) to finance Lessor’s purchase of the land and building related to our Apple Valley, CA distribution center (“Leased Property”) from the Prior Lessor.

Also on March 15, 2023, we entered into a Lease Agreement and supplement to the Lease Agreement (collectively, the “Lease” and together with the Participation Agreement and related agreements, the “2023 Synthetic Lease”) pursuant to which the Lessor will lease the Leased Property to Lessee for an initial term of 60 months. The Lease may be extended for up to an additional five years, in one-year or longer annual periods, with each renewal subject to approval by the Participants. The 2023 Synthetic Lease requires Lessee to pay basic rent on the scheduled payment dates in arrears in an amount equal to (a) a per annum rate equal to Term SOFR for the applicable payment period plus a 10 basis point spread adjustment plus an applicable margin equal to 250 basis points multiplied by (b) the portion of the lease balance not constituting the investment by Lessor in the Leased Property. In addition to basic rent, Lessee must pay all costs and expenses associated with the use or occupancy of the Leased Property, including without limitation, maintenance, insurance and certain indemnity payments. The Company will also be responsible for break-funding costs, annual lease administration fees and increased costs. GAAP treatment of the synthetic lease refinancing transaction requires us to treat the assignment of the purchase option from Prior Lessor to Lessor as a deemed acquisition of the Leased Property due to the Company’s control of the Leased Property under GAAP at the time the assigned purchase option was exercised. Accordingly, the Company applied sale and leaseback accounting to the transfer of the property from the Prior Lessor to the Lessor. The transaction met the criteria of a “failed sale-leaseback” under GAAP, which required us to record an asset for the deemed acquisition and an equivalent financing liability that represents the cost to acquire

the Leased Property. The asset of $100.0 million was recorded in property and equipment – net in the consolidated balance sheets. The financing liability of $100.0 million was recorded in accrued operating expenses (current) and other liabilities (noncurrent) in the consolidated balance sheets.

Concurrently with Lessor’s purchase of the Leased Property from Prior Lessor, the participation agreement and lease agreement associated with our former synthetic lease arrangement, in each case entered into on November 30, 2017, and most recently amended on September 21, 2022 (the “Prior Synthetic Lease”), were terminated effective on March 15, 2023. In connection with the termination of the Prior Synthetic Lease, the Company paid a termination fee of approximately $53.4 million to Prior Lessor using borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement. As a result of the termination of the Prior Synthetic Lease, the borrowing base under the 2022 Credit Agreement is no longer subject to a reserve for the outstanding balance under the Prior Synthetic Lease.

The Company, together with all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries that serve as guarantors under the 2022 Credit Agreement guarantee the payment and performance obligations under the 2023 Synthetic Lease. The obligations under the 2023 Synthetic Lease are also secured by a pledge of Lessee’s interest in the Leased Property. In addition, Lessee, no less frequently than annually, will be subject to a test (the “LTV Test”) that requires the ratio of (a) the adjusted lease balance minus any Lessee Letter of Credit (as defined below) to (b) the Leased Property’s fair market value to not be greater than 60 percent. If Lessee does not comply with the LTV Test, Lessee must deliver or adjust a letter of credit in favor of the Collateral Agent (“Lessee Letter of Credit”) in an amount necessary to comply with the LTV Test. The 2023 Synthetic Lease also contains customary representations and warranties, covenants and events of default.

The Participation Agreement also requires us to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 if (1) certain events of default occur and continue or (2) borrowing availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement is less than the greater of (a) 10% of the Maximum Credit Amount (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement) or (b) $67.5 million, which is consistent with the terms of the 2022 Credit Agreement.

If an event of default occurs under the Lease, Lessor generally has the right to recover the adjusted lease balance and certain other costs and amounts payable under the 2023 Synthetic Lease and, following such payment, Lessee would be entitled to receive ownership in the Leased Property from Lessor.

As of July 29, 2023, we had a Borrowing Base (as defined under the 2022 Credit Agreement) of $829.4 million under the 2022 Credit Agreement. At July 29, 2023, we had $493.2 million in borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Credit Agreement and $41.2 million committed to outstanding letters of credit, leaving $295.0 million available under the 2022 Credit Agreement, subject to certain borrowing base limitations as further discussed above. At July 29, 2023, we had $212.1 million available under the 2022 Credit Agreement, net of the borrowing base limitations discussed above.

The primary source of our liquidity is cash flows from operations and borrowings under our credit facility as necessary. Our net loss and, consequently, our cash used in operations are impacted by net sales volume, seasonal sales patterns, and operating profit margins. Historically, our cash provided by operations typically peaks in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year due to net sales generated during the holiday selling season. Generally, our working capital requirements peak late in our third fiscal quarter or early in our fourth fiscal quarter as we build our inventory levels prior to the holiday selling season. We have historically funded those requirements with cash provided by operations and borrowings under our credit facility. Cash requirements include, among other things, capital expenditures, working capital needs, interest payments, and other contractual commitments. Given our anticipated cash needs, we expect to utilize borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement throughout the remainder of 2023 to fund our cash requirements. On August 25, 2023, we simultaneously terminated the 2023 Synthetic Lease for our Apple Valley, CA distribution center (“AVDC”) and completed sale and leaseback transactions for the AVDC and 22 owned store locations (“SLB Stores”). The aggregate gross cash consideration received in the sale and leaseback transactions was $300.1 million, which we used to pay transaction expenses, pay off the 2023 Synthetic Lease for approximately $101 million and repay borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement. In addition to the liquidity generated by the sale and leaseback transactions, the Company has also engaged external partners to monetize assets, primarily consisting of its remaining owned real estate properties, and to identify savings opportunities of up to $200 million which are expected to be realized within cost of goods sold, advertising expense and other selling and administrative expenses.

Based on historical and expected financial results, we believe that we have, or have the ability to obtain adequate resources to fund our cash requirements for the foreseeable future, including ongoing and seasonal working capital requirements, proposed capital expenditures, new projects, and currently maturing obligations.

On December 1, 2021, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million of our common shares under the 2021 Repurchase Authorization. Pursuant to the 2021 Repurchase Authorization, we may repurchase shares in the open market

and/or in privately negotiated transactions at our discretion, subject to market conditions, our compliance with the terms of the 2022 Credit Agreement, and other factors. The 2021 Repurchase Authorization has no scheduled termination date. In the second quarter of 2023, we did not purchase any shares under the 2021 Repurchase Authorization. As of July 29, 2023, we had $159.4 million available for future repurchases under the 2021 Repurchase Authorization.

On May 23, 2023, our Board of Directors suspended the Company’s quarterly cash dividend. The declaration of any future dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, compliance with applicable laws and agreements and any other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

In the year-to-date 2023, we paid approximately $9.7 million in dividends compared to $19.5 million in the year-to-date 2022. The decrease in dividends paid was due to the suspension of the Company’s quarterly cash dividend in the second quarter of 2023, which resulted in one dividend paid in the year-to-date 2023 compared to two dividends paid in the year-to-date 2022.

The following table compares the primary components of our cash flows from the year-to-date 2023 compared to the year-to-date 2022:

Cash used in operating activities increased $15.2 million to $150.6 million in the year-to-date 2023 compared to $135.4 million in the year-to-date 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in net loss after adjusting for non-cash activities such as non-cash valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, non-cash impairment charge, non-cash lease expense, and the decrease in operating lease liabilities related to the refinance of the AVDC synthetic lease. This increase was partially offset by the combined impact of the change in inventory and accounts payable balances, driven by the decrease in inventory purchase volumes.

Cash used in investing activities decreased by $66.5 million to $20.4 million in the year-to-date 2023 compared to $86.9 million in the year-to-date 2022. The decrease was driven by a decrease in capital expenditures, which was primarily due to decreased investments in new stores and other strategic initiatives.

Cash provided by financing activities decreased by $45.4 million to $172.3 million in the year-to-date 2023 compared to $217.7 million in the year-to-date 2022. The decrease was driven by a reduction in net proceeds from long-term debt due to borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement to fund working capital requirements, partially offset by a decrease in dividends paid due to the absence of a dividend payment in the second quarter of 2023 and a decrease in payment for treasury shares acquired. The decrease in payment for treasury shares acquired was due to a decrease in shares withheld for income taxes related to the vesting of share-based awards.

The estimates, judgments, and assumptions that have a higher degree of inherent uncertainty and require the most significant judgments are outlined in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our 2022 Form 10-K. Had we used estimates, judgments, and assumptions different from any of those discussed in our 2022 Form 10-K, our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity for the current period could have been materially different from those presented.

We are subject to market risk from exposure to changes in interest rates on borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement. We had $493.2 million of borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement at July 29, 2023. An increase of 1% in our variable interest rate on our expected future borrowings could affect our financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity through higher interest expense by approximately $4.9 million.

Our management, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have each concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

During the second quarter of 2023, there were no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.

None.

None.

None.

Exhibits marked with an asterisk (*) are filed herewith.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: September 6, 2023