Viasat 10Q 2025 Q2 Quarterly report

Viasat (VSAT) 10-Q2025 Q2 Quarterly report

Content analysis

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024.


☐		TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number (000-21767)

VIASAT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

33-0174996

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

6155 El Camino Real

Carlsbad, California 92009

(760) 476-2200

(Address of principal executive offices and telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


(Title of Each Class)	(Trading Symbol)	(Name of Each Exchange on which Registered)
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	VSAT	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.0001 par value, as of October 25, 2024 was 128,394,383.

VIASAT, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)		3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets		3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)		4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity		6
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		8
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		41
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		61
Item 4. Controls and Procedures		62
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings		62
Item 1A. Risk Factors		62
Item 5. Other Information		63
Item 6. Exhibits		64
Signatures		66

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

VIASAT, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)


	As of September 30, 2024			As of March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,529,770		$	1,901,033
Accounts receivable, net		717,250			678,210
Inventories		327,008			317,878
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		487,059			581,783
Total current assets		5,061,087			3,478,904

Property, equipment and satellites, net		7,486,345			7,557,206
Operating lease right-of-use assets		413,279			393,077
Other acquired intangible assets, net		2,410,852			2,544,467
Goodwill		1,623,760			1,621,763
Other assets		759,661			733,947
Total assets	$	17,754,984		$	16,329,364
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	246,748		$	287,206
Accrued and other liabilities		898,915			950,621
Current portion of long-term debt		2,377,989			58,054
Total current liabilities		3,523,652			1,295,881

Senior notes		3,646,968			4,354,714
Other long-term debt		2,757,952			2,774,521
Non-current operating lease liabilities		411,189			379,644
Other liabilities		2,405,743			2,452,100
Total liabilities		12,745,504			11,256,860
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Equity:
Viasat, Inc. stockholders’ equity
Common stock		13			13
Paid-in capital		4,878,615			4,797,253
Retained earnings		78,936			249,432
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(22,086	)		(21,268	)
Total Viasat, Inc. stockholders’ equity		4,935,478			5,025,430
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary		74,002			47,074
Total equity		5,009,480			5,072,504
Total liabilities and equity	$	17,754,984		$	16,329,364

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIASAT, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Revenues:
Product revenues	$	323,948		$	401,729		$	629,687		$	638,101
Service revenues		798,314			823,686			1,619,035			1,367,105
Total revenues		1,122,262			1,225,415			2,248,722			2,005,206
Operating expenses:
Cost of product revenues		243,485			254,020			437,643			451,098
Cost of service revenues		531,593			512,270			1,048,260			860,103
Selling, general and administrative (including satellite impairment and related charges, net — see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation — Property, equipment and satellites)		272,448			1,148,989			523,570			1,368,570
Independent research and development		33,390			33,429			71,953			62,433
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		66,024			81,374			132,239			109,185
Income (loss) from operations		(24,678	)		(804,667	)		35,057			(846,183	)
Other income (expense):
Interest income		23,896			32,486			46,688			51,675
Interest expense		(115,340	)		(86,157	)		(221,116	)		(142,096	)
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt, net		(3,200	)	—				(3,200	)	—
Income (loss) before income taxes		(119,322	)		(858,338	)		(142,571	)		(936,604	)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		(5,915	)		93,077			(7,099	)		93,610
Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated affiliate, net		3,441			(502	)		6,187			329
Net income (loss)		(121,796	)		(765,763	)		(143,483	)		(842,665	)
Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax		15,788			1,475			27,013			1,577
Net income (loss) attributable to Viasat, Inc.	$	(137,584	)	$	(767,238	)	$	(170,496	)	$	(844,242	)
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to Viasat, Inc. common stockholders:	$	(1.07	)	$	(6.16	)	$	(1.34	)	$	(7.75	)
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Viasat, Inc. common stockholders:	$	(1.07	)	$	(6.16	)	$	(1.34	)	$	(7.75	)
Shares used in computing basic net income (loss) per share		128,376			124,529			127,490			108,903
Shares used in computing diluted net income (loss) per share		128,376			124,529			127,490			108,903
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)	$	(121,796	)	$	(765,763	)	$	(143,483	)	$	(842,665	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax		15,079			(12,107	)		5,184			(3,580	)
Unrealized gain (loss) on hedging, net of tax		(4,914	)		(4,839	)		(6,002	)		1,458
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		10,165			(16,946	)		(818	)		(2,122	)
Comprehensive income (loss)		(111,631	)		(782,709	)		(144,301	)		(844,787	)
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax		15,788			1,475			27,013			1,577
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Viasat, Inc.	$	(127,419	)	$	(784,184	)	$	(171,314	)	$	(846,364	)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIASAT, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)


	Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(143,483	)	$	(842,665	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		522,601			368,572
Amortization of intangible assets		163,269			139,772
Stock-based compensation expense		41,965			43,470
Satellite impairment and disposition of fixed assets losses, net		40,914			835,900
Deferred income taxes and other non-cash adjustments		23,366			(86,749	)
Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition:
Accounts receivable		(46,934	)		(44,050	)
Inventories		(8,688	)		(45,707	)
Other assets		(88,851	)		(13,277	)
Accounts payable		(6,012	)		36,175
Accrued liabilities		(33,314	)		(7,242	)
Other liabilities		(74,548	)		(61,557	)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		390,285			322,642
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, equipment and satellites, and other assets		(529,827	)		(740,664	)
Proceeds from insurance claims on satellites		197,500		—
Payment related to acquisition of a business, net of cash acquired	—				(342,621	)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	—				134,266
Payments to acquire short-term investments	—				(52,000	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(332,327	)		(1,001,019	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt borrowings		1,975,000			1,334,683
Payments on debt borrowings		(383,528	)		(27,979	)
Payments of debt issuance costs		(28,116	)		(47,963	)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under equity plans		9,657			10,130
Purchase of common stock in treasury (immediately retired) related to tax withholdings for stock-based compensation		(2,395	)		(2,565	)
Other financing activities		(1,612	)		2,186
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		1,569,006			1,268,492
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		1,773			(734	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		1,628,737			589,381
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		1,901,033			1,379,386
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	3,529,770		$	1,968,767
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	50,885		$	13,848
Issuance of common stock in satisfaction of certain accrued compensation liabilities	$	28,063		$	31,173
Debt issuance costs not paid for	$	7,458		$	2,151
Capital expenditures not paid for during the period	$	—		$	6,369
Issuance of common stock in connection with acquisition	$	—		$	2,123,455

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIASAT, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)


	Viasat, Inc. Stockholders
	Common Stock
	Number of Shares Issued		Amount		Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary			Total
	(In thousands, except share data)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance at June 30, 2024		127,738,637	$	13	$	4,845,072		$	216,520		$	(32,251	)	$	58,299		$	5,087,653
Issuance of stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan		561,888		—		9,657			—		—			—				9,657
Stock-based compensation		—		—		24,866			—			—			—			24,866
RSU awards vesting, net of shares withheld for taxes which have been retired		93,802		—		(980	)		—			—			—			(980	)
Other noncontrolling interest activity	—		—		—			—			—				(85	)		(85	)
Net income (loss)		—		—		—			(137,584	)		—			15,788			(121,796	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		—		—		—			—			10,165			—			10,165
Balance at September 30, 2024		128,394,327	$	13	$	4,878,615		$	78,936		$	(22,086	)	$	74,002		$	5,009,480

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at June 30, 2023		124,054,755	$	13	$	4,718,054		$	1,241,332		$	(19,889	)	$	36,362		$	5,975,872
Issuance of stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan		382,062		—		10,048			—		—			—				10,048
Stock-based compensation		—		—		24,945			—			—			—			24,945
RSU awards vesting, net of shares withheld for taxes which have been retired		44,476		—		(353	)		—			—			—			(353	)
Other noncontrolling interest activity		—		—	—				—			—			(100	)		(100	)
Net income (loss)		—		—		—			(767,238	)		—			1,475			(765,763	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		—		—		—			—			(16,946	)		—			(16,946	)
Balance at September 30, 2023		124,481,293	$	13	$	4,752,694		$	474,094		$	(36,835	)	$	37,737		$	5,227,703

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIASAT, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)


	Viasat, Inc. Stockholders
	Common Stock
	Number of Shares Issued		Amount		Paid-in Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary			Total
	(In thousands, except share data)
For the Six Months Ended September 30, 2024
Balance at March 31, 2024		125,849,088	$	13	$	4,797,253		$	249,432		$	(21,268	)	$	47,074		$	5,072,504
Issuance of stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan		561,888		—		9,657			—			—			—			9,657
Stock-based compensation		—		—		46,037			—			—			—			46,037
Shares issued in settlement of certain accrued employee compensation liabilities		1,755,074		—		28,063			—			—			—			28,063
RSU awards vesting, net of shares withheld for taxes which have been retired		228,277		—		(2,395	)		—			—			—			(2,395	)
Other noncontrolling interest activity		—		—		—			—			—			(85	)		(85	)
Net income (loss)		—		—		—			(170,496	)		—			27,013			(143,483	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		—		—		—			—			(818	)		—			(818	)
Balance at September 30, 2024		128,394,327	$	13	$	4,878,615		$	78,936		$	(22,086	)	$	74,002		$	5,009,480

For the Six Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at March 31, 2023		76,912,016	$	8	$	2,540,679		$	1,318,336		$	(34,713	)	$	36,259		$	3,860,569
Exercise of stock options		2,633		—		82			—			—			—			82
Issuance of stock under Employee Stock Purchase Plan		382,062		—		10,048			—			—			—			10,048
Stock-based compensation		—		—		49,827			—			—			—			49,827
Shares issued in settlement of certain accrued employee compensation liabilities		687,851		—		31,173			—			—			—			31,173
RSU awards vesting, net of shares withheld for taxes which have been retired		133,095		—		(2,565	)		—			—			—			(2,565	)
Shares issued in connection with acquisition of business, net of issuance costs		46,363,636		5		2,123,450			—			—			—			2,123,455
Other noncontrolling interest activity		—		—		—			—			—			(99	)		(99	)
Net income (loss)		—		—		—			(844,242	)		—			1,577			(842,665	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		—		—		—			—			(2,122	)		—			(2,122	)
Balance at September 30, 2023		124,481,293	$	13	$	4,752,694		$	474,094		$	(36,835	)	$	37,737		$	5,227,703

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2024, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and the condensed consolidated statements of equity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 have been prepared by the management of Viasat, Inc. (also referred to hereafter as the Company or Viasat), and have not been audited. These financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s results for the periods presented. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. Interim operating results are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the full year. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP).

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities and results of operations of Viasat, its wholly owned subsidiaries and its majority-owned subsidiary, TrellisWare Technologies, Inc. (TrellisWare).

All significant intercompany amounts have been eliminated. Investments in entities in which the Company can exercise significant influence, but does not own a majority equity interest or otherwise control, are accounted for using the equity method and are included as investment in unconsolidated affiliate in other assets (long-term) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

On May 30, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Connect Topco Limited, a private company limited by shares and incorporated in Guernsey (Inmarsat Holdings and, together with its subsidiaries, Inmarsat, and such acquisition, the Inmarsat Acquisition). The Inmarsat Acquisition was accounted for as a purchase and accordingly, the condensed consolidated financial statements include the operating results of Inmarsat from the date of acquisition.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates have been prepared on the basis of the most current and best available information and actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates made by management include revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, patents, orbital slots and other licenses, software development, property, equipment and satellites, long-lived assets, derivatives, contingencies and income taxes including the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.

Revenue recognition

In accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue from contracts with customers (Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606), the Company applies the five-step model to its contracts with its customers. Under this model the Company (1) identifies the contract with the customer, (2) identifies its performance obligations in the contract, (3) determines the transaction price for the contract, (4) allocates the transaction price to its performance obligations and (5) recognizes revenue when or as it satisfies its performance obligations. These performance obligations generally include the purchase of services (including broadband capacity and the leasing of broadband equipment), the purchase of products, and the development and delivery of complex equipment built to customer specifications under long-term contracts. Taxes imposed by governmental authorities on the Company’s revenues, such as sales taxes and value added taxes, are excluded from net sales.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Performance obligations

The timing of satisfaction of performance obligations may require judgment. The Company derives a substantial portion of its revenues from contracts with customers for services, primarily consisting of connectivity services. These contracts typically require advance or recurring monthly payments by the customer. The Company’s obligation to provide connectivity services is satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. The measure of progress over time is based upon either a period of time (e.g., over the estimated contractual term) or usage (e.g., bandwidth used/bytes of data processed). The Company evaluates whether broadband equipment provided to its customers as part of the delivery of connectivity services represents a lease in accordance with the authoritative guidance for leases (ASC 842). As discussed further below under “Leases - Lessor accounting”, for broadband equipment leased to customers in conjunction with the delivery of connectivity services, the Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components of connectivity service arrangements as a single performance obligation as the connectivity services represent the predominant component.

The Company also derives a portion of its revenues from contracts with customers to provide products. Performance obligations to provide products are satisfied at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer. These contracts typically require payment by the customer upon passage of control and determining the point at which control is transferred may require judgment. To identify the point at which control is transferred to the customer, the Company considers indicators that include, but are not limited to, whether (1) the Company has the present right to payment for the asset, (2) the customer has legal title to the asset, (3) physical possession of the asset has been transferred to the customer, (4) the customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset, and (5) the customer has accepted the asset. For product revenues, control generally passes to the customer upon delivery of goods to the customer.

The Company’s contracts with the U.S. Government typically are subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) and are priced based on estimated or actual costs of producing goods or providing services. The FAR provides guidance on the types of costs that are allowable in establishing prices for goods and services provided under U.S. Government contracts. The pricing for non-U.S. Government contracts is based on the specific negotiations with each customer. Under the typical payment terms of the Company’s U.S. Government fixed-price contracts, the customer pays the Company either performance-based payments (PBPs) or progress payments. PBPs are interim payments based on quantifiable measures of performance or on the achievement of specified events or milestones. Progress payments are interim payments based on a percentage of the costs incurred as the work progresses. Because the customer can often retain a portion of the contract price until completion of the contract, the Company’s U.S. Government fixed-price contracts generally result in revenue recognized in excess of billings which the Company presents as unbilled accounts receivable on the balance sheet. Amounts billed and due from the Company’s customers are classified as receivables on the balance sheet. The portion of the payments retained by the customer until final contract settlement is not considered a significant financing component because the intent is to protect the customer. For the Company’s U.S. Government cost-type contracts, the customer generally pays the Company for its actual costs incurred within a short period of time. For non-U.S. Government contracts, the Company typically receives interim payments as work progresses, although for some contracts, the Company may be entitled to receive an advance payment. The Company recognizes a liability for these advance payments in excess of revenue recognized and presents it as collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues on the balance sheet. An advance payment is not typically considered a significant financing component because it is used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract and to protect the Company from the other party failing to adequately complete some or all of its obligations under the contract.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Performance obligations related to developing and delivering complex equipment built to customer specifications under long-term contracts are recognized over time as these performance obligations do not create assets with an alternative use to the Company and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance to date. To measure the transfer of control, revenue is recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. The Company generally uses the cost-to-cost measure of progress for its contracts because that best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as the Company incurs costs on its contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Estimating the total costs at completion of a performance obligation requires management to make estimates related to items such as subcontractor performance, material costs and availability, labor costs and productivity and the costs of overhead. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the contract is recognized in the period the loss is determined.

Contract costs on U.S. Government contracts are subject to audit and review by the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA), the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA), and other U.S. Government agencies, as well as negotiations with U.S. Government representatives. As of September 30, 2024, the DCMA had approved the Company’s incurred costs through fiscal year 2022. The DCMA is currently auditing the Company’s fiscal year 2023 incurred cost submission. The Company's cost accounting practices are examined for compliance with the applicable Cost Accounting Standards (CAS). Although the Company has recorded contract revenues subsequent to fiscal year 2022 based upon an estimate of costs that the Company believes will be approved upon final audit or review, the Company does not know the outcome of any ongoing or future audits or reviews and adjustments and if future adjustments exceed the Company’s estimates its profitability would be adversely affected. The Company had $11.4 million and $16.6 million as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively, in contract-related reserves for its estimate of potential refunds to customers for potential cost adjustments on several multi-year U.S. Government cost reimbursable contracts (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies for more information).

Evaluation of transaction price

The evaluation of transaction price, including the amounts allocated to performance obligations, may require significant judgments. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of the Company’s performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue, and, where applicable, the cost at completion, is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. The Company’s contracts may contain award fees, incentive fees, or other provisions, including the potential for significant financing components, that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. These amounts, which are sometimes variable, can be dictated by performance metrics, program milestones or cost targets, the timing of payments, and customer discretion. The Company estimates variable consideration at the amount to which it expects to be entitled. The Company includes estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The Company’s estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the Company’s anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company. In the event an agreement includes embedded financing components, the Company recognizes interest expense or interest income on the embedded financing components using the effective interest method. This methodology uses an implied interest rate which reflects the incremental borrowing rate which would be expected to be obtained in a separate financing transaction. The Company has elected the practical expedient not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

If a contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, the total transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or services underlying each performance obligation. Estimating standalone selling prices may require judgment. When available, the Company utilizes the observable price of a good or service when the Company sells that good or service separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. If a standalone selling price is not directly observable, the Company estimates the standalone selling price by considering all information (including market conditions, specific factors, and information about the customer or class of customer) that is reasonably available.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations

The Company’s remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm contracts and orders for which work has not been performed. The Company includes in its remaining performance obligations only those contracts and orders for which it has accepted purchase orders. Remaining performance obligations associated with the Company’s subscribers for fixed consumer and business broadband services in its communication services segment exclude month-to-month service contracts in accordance with a practical expedient and are estimated using a portfolio approach in which the Company reviews all relevant promotional activities and calculates the remaining performance obligation using the average service component for the portfolio and the average time remaining under the contract. The Company’s future recurring in-flight connectivity (IFC) service contracts in its communication services segment do not have minimum service purchase requirements and therefore are not included in the Company’s remaining performance obligations. As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $3.7 billion, of which the Company expects to recognize a little less than half over the next 12 months, with the balance recognized thereafter.

Disaggregation of revenue

The Company operates and manages its business in two segments: communication services and defense and advanced technologies. Revenue is disaggregated by products and services, business line, customer type, contract type, and geographic area, as the Company believes this approach best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. See Note 11 — Segment Information for disaggregation of revenue by business line and additional disaggregated revenue disclosures.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The following sets forth disaggregated reported revenue by segment and products and services for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Communication Services		Defense and Advanced Technologies		Total Revenues
	(In thousands)
Product revenues	$	78,491	$	245,457	$	323,948
Service revenues		747,894		50,420		798,314
Total revenues	$	826,385	$	295,877	$	1,122,262

	Six Months Ended September 30, 2024
	Communication Services		Defense and Advanced Technologies		Total Revenues
	(In thousands)
Product revenues	$	138,667	$	491,020	$	629,687
Service revenues		1,514,505		104,530		1,619,035
Total revenues	$	1,653,172	$	595,550	$	2,248,722

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Communication Services		Defense and Advanced Technologies		Total Revenues
	(In thousands)
Product revenues	$	75,795	$	325,934	$	401,729
Service revenues		770,762		52,924		823,686
Total revenues	$	846,557	$	378,858	$	1,225,415

	Six Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Communication Services		Defense and Advanced Technologies		Total Revenues
	(In thousands)
Product revenues	$	142,282	$	495,819	$	638,101
Service revenues		1,264,535		102,570		1,367,105
Total revenues	$	1,406,817	$	598,389	$	2,005,206

Revenues from the U.S. Government as an individual customer comprised approximately 18% and 17% of total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and approximately 16% of total revenues for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2023. Revenues from the U.S. Government are attributable to each of the communication services segment and defense and advanced technologies segment, with slightly higher revenues from the U.S. Government reported within the Company's communication services segment for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and the three months ended September 30, 2023, and within the Company's defense and advanced technologies segment for the six months ended September 30, 2023.

The Company’s communication services segment revenues are primarily derived from the Company’s aviation services (including IFC services), government satcom services, maritime services (including narrowband and safety of communication capabilities), fixed broadband services, and energy services, as well as a wide array of advanced satellite and wireless products, networks and terminal solutions that support or enable the provision of fixed and mobile broadband and narrowband services.

The Company’s defense and advanced technologies segment revenues are primarily derived from the Company’s information security and cyber defense, space and mission systems, tactical networking, and advanced technologies and other products and services which are provided to government and commercial customers.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from two types of contracts: fixed-price and cost-reimbursement contracts. Fixed-price contracts (which require the Company to provide products and services under a contract at a specified price), comprised approximately 96% of the Company’s total revenues for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, and approximately 96% and 95% of the Company’s total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, a majority of which are reported in the Company's communication services segment. The remainder of the Company’s revenues for such periods was derived primarily from cost-reimbursement contracts (under which the Company is reimbursed for all actual costs incurred in performing the contract to the extent such costs are within the contract ceiling and allowable under the terms of the contract, plus a fee or profit), which contracts are mainly reported within the Company's defense and advanced technologies segment.

Historically, a significant portion of the Company’s revenues has been derived from customer contracts that include the development of products. The development efforts are conducted in direct response to the customer’s specific requirements and, accordingly, expenditures related to such efforts are included in cost of sales when incurred and the related funding (which includes a profit component) is included in revenues. Revenues for the Company’s funded development from its customer contracts were approximately 12% of its total revenues for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and approximately 12% and 13% of its total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, mainly reported within the Company's defense and advanced technologies segment.

Contract balances

Contract balances consist of contract assets and contract liabilities. A contract asset, or with respect to the Company, an unbilled accounts receivable, is recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of the Company’s right to bill and receive consideration, typically resulting from sales under long-term contracts. Unbilled accounts receivable are generally expected to be billed and collected within one year. The unbilled accounts receivable will decrease as provided services or delivered products are billed. The Company receives payments from customers based on a billing schedule established in the Company’s contracts.

When consideration is received in advance of the delivery of goods or services, a contract liability, or with respect to the Company, collections in excess of revenues or deferred revenues, is recorded. Reductions in the collections in excess of revenues or deferred revenues will be recorded as the Company satisfies the performance obligations.

The following table presents contract assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024:


	As of September 30, 2024		As of March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
Unbilled accounts receivable	$	189,040	$	156,322
Collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues		294,388		260,264
Deferred revenues, long-term portion		859,783		896,402

Unbilled accounts receivable increased by $32.7 million during the six months ended September 30, 2024, driven primarily by revenue recognized in excess of billings primarily in the Company's defense and advanced technologies segment.

Collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues increased by $34.1 million during the six months ended September 30, 2024, driven by advances on goods or services received in excess of revenue recognized primarily in the Company's defense and advanced technologies segment.

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized revenue of $39.9 million and $146.2 million, respectively, that was previously included in the Company’s collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues at March 31, 2024. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized revenue of $23.4 million and $77.2 million, respectively, that was previously included in the Company’s collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues at March 31, 2023.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Cash equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase, with a significant portion held in U.S. government-backed qualified money-market securities.

Property, equipment and satellites

Satellites and other property and equipment, including internally developed software, are recorded at cost or, in the case of certain satellites and other property acquired, the fair value at the date of acquisition, net of accumulated depreciation. Capitalized satellite costs consist primarily of the costs of satellite construction and launch, including launch insurance and insurance during the period of in-orbit testing, the net present value of performance incentives expected to be payable to satellite manufacturers (dependent on the continued satisfactory performance of the satellites), costs directly associated with the monitoring and support of satellite construction, and interest costs incurred during the period of satellite construction. The Company also constructs earth stations, network operations systems and other assets to support its satellites, and those construction costs, including interest, are capitalized as incurred. At the time satellites are placed in commercial service, the Company estimates the useful life of its satellites for depreciation purposes based upon an analysis of each satellite’s performance against the original manufacturer’s orbital design life, estimated fuel levels and related consumption rates, as well as historical satellite operating trends. The Company periodically reviews the remaining estimated useful life of its satellites to determine if revisions to estimated useful lives are necessary. Costs incurred for additions to property, equipment and satellites, together with major renewals and betterments, are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the underlying asset. Costs incurred for maintenance, repairs and minor renewals and betterments are charged to expense as incurred. When assets are sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in operations, which for the periods presented, primarily related to losses incurred for unreturned customer premise equipment (CPE). The Company computes depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from two to 38 years. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the life of the improvement.

Costs related to internally developed software for internal uses are capitalized after the preliminary project stage is complete and are amortized over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are approximately three to seven years. Capitalized costs for internal-use software are included in property, equipment and satellites, net in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Interest expense is capitalized on the carrying value of assets under construction, in accordance with the authoritative guidance for the capitalization of interest (ASC 835-20). With respect to the construction of satellites, gateway and networking equipment and other assets under construction, the Company capitalized $48.6 million and $105.2 million of interest expense for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $70.2 million and $126.9 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

The Company's complementary fleet of 21 in service or operational satellites spans the Ka-, L- and S- bands, with 11 Ka-band satellites, eight high-availability L-band satellites (three of which are contingency L-band satellites that are operational but not currently in commercial service), an S-band satellite that supports the European Aviation Network to provide IFC services to commercial airlines in Europe, and an I-6 class hybrid Ka-/L-band satellite (the I-6 F1 satellite). In late July 2024, the ViaSat-3 F1 satellite completed in-orbit testing and was integrated into the Company's existing satellite fleet covering the Americas. In August 2024, the Company launched two Ka-band highly-elliptical earth orbit satellite payloads intended to provide polar coverage (the Inmarsat GX 10A and GX 10B satellites). Furthermore, the Company has eight additional geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites under development: two additional high-capacity Ka-band GEO satellites (ViaSat-3 F2 and ViaSat-3 F3), three additional adaptive Ka-band GEO satellites (GX 7, GX 8 and GX 9) and three Inmarsat-8 L-band GEO safety service satellites. In addition to the Company's satellite fleet, the Company has purchased capacity on and has access to additional regional partner satellites. In addition, the Company owns related earth stations and networking equipment for all of its satellites. The Company procures CPE units leased to customers in order to connect to the Company's satellite network as part of the Company’s communication services segment, which are reflected in investing activities and property, equipment and satellites, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company depreciates the satellites, earth stations and networking equipment, CPE units and related installation costs over their estimated useful lives. The total cost and accumulated depreciation of CPE units included in property, equipment and satellites, net, as of September 30, 2024 were $540.8 million and $302.0 million, respectively. The total cost and accumulated depreciation of CPE units included in property, equipment and satellites, net, as of March 31, 2024 were $567.5 million and $267.4 million, respectively.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The Company launched the first of its third-generation ViaSat-3 class satellites, ViaSat-3 F1, into orbit on April 30, 2023. On July 12, 2023, the Company reported a reflector deployment issue that materially impacted the performance of the ViaSat-3 F1 satellite. The Company and the reflector provider conducted a rigorous review of the development and deployment of the affected reflector to determine its impact and potential remedial measures. In connection with the root cause analysis, the Company determined that while the satellite payload is functional, the Company will recover less than 10% of the planned throughput on the ViaSat-3 F1 satellite.

On August 24, 2023, the Company reported that the I-6 F2 satellite, which was launched on February 18, 2023, suffered a power subsystem anomaly during its orbit raising phase. The Company and Airbus, the satellite's manufacturer, performed a root cause analysis of the anomaly and concluded the satellite would not operate as intended. The Company determined that the full carrying value of the I-6 F2 satellite is not recoverable. The I-6 F2 anomaly does not impact ongoing customer services. The I-6 F1 satellite, which was launched in December 2021, is operational and continues to perform as expected.

As a result of the anomalies that occurred with respect to the ViaSat-3 F1 and I-6 F2 satellites, as well as the impact of integration efforts related to the Inmarsat Acquisition, the Company undertook extensive analysis of its existing integrated satellite fleet and ongoing satellites under construction projects, taking into account its anticipated future capacity needs, projected capital investment profile and access to third party satellites under existing bandwidth arrangements. Based on the impairment analysis performed during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, as a result of the anomalies experienced in the two satellites and integration impact related to the Inmarsat Acquisition, the Company recorded a reduction to the carrying value of satellites under construction (including capitalized interest) and certain related assets of $1.67 billion during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024 (based on the Company's originally estimated ViaSat-3 F1 satellite output capabilities compared to the anticipated potential and configured capacity of the ViaSat-3 F1 satellite, the full value of the I-6 F2 satellite and the ViaSat-4 satellite program, each a separate asset group), which was partially offset by total insurance claim receivables of approximately $770.0 million recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2024. As a result, the Company recorded a net loss of approximately $900.0 million during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, including liabilities associated with the termination of certain subcontractor agreements, in selling, general and administrative expenses in its communication services segment in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company received approximately $118.0 million and $197.5 million, respectively, in insurance recovery proceeds related to such claims. The Company has received approximately $40 million in additional insurance recovery proceeds related to such claims subsequent to quarter end. To date, the Company has received an aggregate of approximately $746 million in insurance recovery proceeds related to such claims.

Occasionally, the Company may enter into finance lease arrangements for various machinery, equipment, computer-related equipment, software, furniture, fixtures, or satellites. The Company records amortization of assets leased under finance lease arrangements within depreciation expense. The Company’s finance leases consist primarily of satellite lifetime Ka-band capacity leases and have remaining terms from less than one year to two years. The Company reports assets obtained under finance leases in property, equipment and satellites, net and the current and non-current portions of its finance lease liabilities in current portion of long-term debt and other long-term debt, respectively (see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation – Leases for more information).

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Cloud computing arrangements

The Company enters into certain cloud-based software hosting arrangements that are accounted for as service contracts. Costs incurred for these arrangements are capitalized for application development activities, if material, and immediately expensed for preliminary project activities and postimplementation activities. The Company amortizes the capitalized development costs straight-line over the fixed, non-cancellable term of the associated hosting arrangement plus any reasonably certain renewal periods. The capitalized costs are included in other current assets within the prepaid expenses and other current assets caption, and other assets (long-term) on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company has entered into several cloud computing arrangements that are hosted services contracts mainly as part of projects related to the continuous transformation of technology, integration and implementation of an ERP system. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, gross capitalized implementation costs incurred in cloud computing arrangements was $75.6 million and $63.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 the related accumulated amortization was $13.0 million and $9.5 million, respectively. The Company recognized amortization of capitalized implementation costs of $1.7 million and $3.2 million for three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and an insignificant amount and $1.2 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Leases

Lessee accounting

In accordance with ASC 842, the Company assesses at contract inception whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. Generally, the Company determines that a lease exists when (1) the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (2) the Company obtains the right to substantially all economic benefits from use of the asset, and (3) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. A lease is classified as a finance lease when one or more of the following criteria are met: (1) the lease transfers ownership of the asset by the end of the lease term, (2) the lease contains an option to purchase the asset that is reasonably certain to be exercised, (3) the lease term is for a major part of the remaining useful life of the asset, (4) the present value of the lease payments equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the asset or (5) the asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term. A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not meet any of these criteria.

At the lease commencement date, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases, except short-term leases with an original term of 12 months or less. The right-of-use asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which primarily comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, less any lease incentives received. All right-of-use assets are periodically reviewed for impairment in accordance with standards that apply to long-lived assets. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, discounted using an estimate of the Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a collateralized loan with the same term as the underlying leases.

Lease payments included in the measurement of lease liabilities consist of (1) fixed lease payments for the noncancelable lease term, (2) fixed lease payments for optional renewal periods where it is reasonably certain the renewal option will be exercised, and (3) variable lease payments that depend on an underlying index or rate, based on the index or rate in effect at lease commencement. Certain of the Company’s real estate lease agreements require variable lease payments that do not depend on an underlying index or rate established at lease commencement. Such payments and changes in payments based on a rate or index are recognized in operating expenses when incurred.

Lease expense for operating leases consists of the fixed lease payments recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term plus variable lease payments as incurred. Lease expense for finance leases consists of the depreciation of assets obtained under finance leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest expense on the lease liability based on the discount rate at lease commencement. For both operating and finance leases, lease payments are allocated between a reduction of the lease liability and interest expense.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The Company’s operating leases consist primarily of leases for office space, data centers and satellite ground facilities and have remaining terms that typically range from less than one year to 17 years, some of which include renewal options, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within one year. Certain earth station leases have renewal terms that have been deemed to be reasonably certain to be exercised and as such have been recognized as part of the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company recognizes right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for such leases in accordance with ASC 842. The Company reports operating lease right-of-use assets in operating lease right-of-use assets and the current and non-current portions of its operating lease liabilities in accrued and other liabilities and non-current operating lease liabilities, respectively.

Lessor accounting

For broadband equipment leased to customers in conjunction with the delivery of connectivity services, the Company has made an accounting policy election not to separate the broadband equipment from the related connectivity services. The connectivity services are the predominant component of these arrangements. The connectivity services are accounted for in accordance with ASC 606. The Company is also a lessor for certain insignificant communications equipment. These leases meet the criteria for operating lease classification. Lease income associated with these leases is not material.

Business combinations

The authoritative guidance for business combinations (ASC 805) requires that all business combinations be accounted for using the purchase method. The purchase price for business combinations is allocated to the estimated fair values of acquired tangible and intangible assets, and assumed liabilities, where applicable. The Company recognizes technology, contracts and customer relationships, orbital slots and spectrum assets, trade names and other as identifiable intangible assets, which are recorded at fair value as of the transaction date. Goodwill is recorded when consideration transferred exceeds the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities. Measurement-period adjustments to assets acquired and liabilities assumed with a corresponding offset to goodwill are recorded in the period they occur, which may include up to one year from the acquisition date. Contingent consideration is recorded at fair value at the acquisition date.

Patents, orbital slots and other licenses

The Company capitalizes the costs of obtaining or acquiring patents, orbital slots and other licenses. Amortization of intangible assets that have finite lives is provided for by the straight-line method over the shorter of the legal or estimated economic life. Total capitalized costs related to patents of $4.0 million and $3.9 million were included in other assets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The Company capitalized costs of $122.4 million and $117.0 million related to acquiring and obtaining orbital slots and other licenses included in other assets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. Accumulated amortization related to these assets was $9.3 million and $8.4 million as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. Amortization expense related to these assets was an insignificant amount for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. If a patent, orbital slot or other license is rejected, abandoned or otherwise invalidated, the unamortized cost is expensed in that period. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not write off any significant costs due to abandonment or impairment.

Debt issuance costs

Debt issuance costs are amortized and recognized as interest expense using the effective interest rate method, or, when the results are not materially different, on a straight-line basis over the expected term of the related debt. During the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company capitalized $35.6 million and $50.1 million of debt issuance costs, respectively. Unamortized debt issuance costs related to extinguished debt are expensed at the time the debt is extinguished and recorded in loss on extinguishment of debt in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). If the terms of a financing obligation are amended and accounted for as a debt modification by the Company, fees incurred directly with the lending institution are capitalized and amortized over the remaining contractual term using the effective interest method. Fees incurred with other parties are expensed as incurred. Debt issuance costs related to the Company’s revolving credit facilities (collectively, the Revolving Credit Facilities) are recorded in other long-term assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets in accordance with the authoritative guidance for imputation of interest (ASC 835-30). Debt issuance costs related to the Company’s senior secured and senior unsecured notes (collectively, the Notes) and senior secured term loan credit facilities (together with the Revolving Credit Facilities, the Credit Facilities) are recorded as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt, consistent with debt discounts, in accordance with ASC 835-30.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Software development

Costs of developing software for sale are charged to independent research and development expense when incurred, until technological feasibility has been established. Software development costs incurred from the time technological feasibility is reached until the product is available for general release to customers are capitalized and reported at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. Once the product is available for general release, the software development costs are amortized based on the ratio of current to future revenue for each product with an annual minimum equal to straight-line amortization over the remaining estimated economic life of the product, generally within five years. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company had $739.7 million and $723.9 million, respectively, of capitalized costs related to software developed for resale. Accumulated amortization related to these assets was $490.7 million and $483.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The Company capitalized $19.0 million and $37.8 million of costs related to software developed for resale for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $15.0 million and $31.0 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Amortization expense for capitalized software development costs was $15.1 million and $29.4 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $14.1 million and $28.5 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Self-insurance and post-retirement medical benefit liabilities

The Company has self-insurance plans to retain a portion of the exposure for losses related to employee medical benefits and workers’ compensation. The self-insurance plans include policies which provide for both specific and aggregate stop-loss limits. The Company utilizes actuarial methods as well as other historical information for the purpose of estimating ultimate costs for a particular plan year. Based on these actuarial methods, along with currently available information and insurance industry statistics, the Company has recorded self-insurance liability for its plans of $6.0 million and $6.5 million as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The Company’s estimate, which is subject to inherent variability, is based on average claims experience in the Company’s industry and its own experience in terms of frequency and severity of claims, including asserted and unasserted claims incurred but not reported, with no explicit provision for adverse fluctuation from year to year. This variability may lead to ultimate payments being either greater or less than the amounts presented above. Self-insurance liabilities have been classified as a current liability in accrued and other liabilities in accordance with the estimated timing of the projected payments.

As a part of the Inmarsat Acquisition, the Company assumed a post-retirement medical benefit plan for retired employees (and their dependents) who were employed by Inmarsat before January 1, 1998. The plan is funded by the Company and there are no plan assets from which the costs are paid. The cost of providing these benefits is actuarially determined and accrued over the service period of the active employee groups. The annual increase in Inmarsat's contribution to post-retirement medical liability is capped at the United Kingdom Consumer Price Index +1%.

Indemnification provisions

In the ordinary course of business, the Company includes indemnification provisions in certain of its contracts, generally relating to parties with which the Company has commercial relations. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company will indemnify, hold harmless and agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, including but not limited to losses relating to third-party intellectual property claims. To date, there have not been any material costs incurred in connection with such indemnification clauses. The Company’s insurance policies do not necessarily cover the cost of defending indemnification claims or providing indemnification, so if a claim was filed against the Company by any party that the Company has agreed to indemnify, the Company could incur substantial legal costs and damages. A claim would be accrued when a loss is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. At September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, no such amounts were accrued related to the aforementioned provisions.

Noncontrolling interests

A noncontrolling interest represents the equity interest in a subsidiary that is not attributable, either directly or indirectly, to the Company and is reported as equity of the Company, separate from the Company’s controlling interest. Revenues, expenses, gains, losses, net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) are reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements at the consolidated amounts, which include the amounts attributable to both the controlling and noncontrolling interest.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Investments in unconsolidated affiliate — equity method

Investments in entities in which the Company can exercise significant influence, but does not own a majority equity interest or otherwise control, are accounted for using the equity method and are included as investment in unconsolidated affiliate in other assets (long-term) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company records its share of the results of such entities within equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated affiliate, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The Company monitors such investments for other-than-temporary impairment by considering factors including the current economic and market conditions and the operating performance of the entities and records reductions in carrying values when necessary. The fair value of privately held investments is estimated using the best available information as of the valuation date, including current earnings trends, undiscounted cash flows, quoted stock prices of comparable public companies, and other company specific information, including recent financing rounds.

Common stock held in treasury

As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company had zero shares of common stock held in treasury.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company issued 150,045 and 57,027 shares of common stock, respectively, based on the vesting terms of certain restricted stock unit agreements. During the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company issued 370,158 and 194,496 shares of common stock, respectively, based on the vesting terms of certain restricted stock unit agreements. In order for employees to satisfy minimum statutory employee tax withholding requirements related to the issuance of common stock underlying these restricted stock unit agreements, during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company repurchased 56,243 and 12,551 shares of common stock, respectively, at cost and with a total value of $1.0 million and an insignificant amount, respectively. During the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company repurchased 141,881 and 61,401 shares of common stock, respectively, at cost and with a total value of $2.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively. Although shares withheld for employee withholding taxes are technically not issued, they are treated as common stock repurchases for accounting purposes (with such shares deemed to be repurchased and then immediately retired), as they reduce the number of shares that otherwise would have been issued upon vesting of the restricted stock units. These retired shares remain as authorized stock and are considered to be unissued. The retirement of treasury stock had no impact on the Company’s total consolidated stockholders’ equity.

Derivatives

As a result of the Inmarsat Acquisition (see Note 4 — Acquisition for more information), the Company assumed interest rate cap contracts to hedge the variable interest rate under Inmarsat's senior secured term loan facilities (the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities) (see Note 7 — Senior Notes and Other Long-Term Debt for more information). The interest rate cap contracts provide protection from Compound SOFR rates over 2%, cover the total nominal amount of the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities of $1.6 billion and mature in February 2025. At the time of the acquisition, the Company continued to account for the interest rate cap contracts as cash-flow hedges. Upon amendment of the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities on March 28, 2024 (see Note 7 — Senior Notes and Other Long-Term Debt for more information), the portion of the interest rate cap contracts related to Inmarsat's new $1.3 billion term loan facility (the New Term Loan Facility) continued to be accounted for as cash-flow hedges, as the interest rate cap contracts remain in place with their original maturity date.

The Company does not use this instrument, or these types of instruments in general, for speculative or trading purposes. The Company’s objective is to reduce the risk to earnings and cash flows associated with changes in debt with variable interest rates. Derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are measured at fair value. The value of a hedging derivative is classified as a non-current asset or liability if the cash flows are due to be received in greater than 12 months, and as a current asset or liability if the cash flows are due to be received in less than 12 months.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments which are designated as cash-flow hedging instruments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments until the underlying transaction affects the Company’s earnings, at which time they are then recorded in the same income statement line as the underlying transaction. The Company may designate a derivative with periodic cash settlements and a non-zero fair value at hedge inception as the hedging instrument in a qualifying cash flow hedging relationship. The non-zero fair value of cash flow hedges on the designation date is recognized into income under a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument and in the same line item on the condensed consolidated statements of operations as the earnings of the hedge item, with the offset recorded to other comprehensive income (loss).

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized a loss of $3.1 million (and related tax benefit of an insignificant amount) and a gain of $7.9 million (and related tax expense of $2.0 million), respectively, and during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized a gain of an insignificant amount (and related tax expense of an insignificant amount) and a gain of $20.6 million (and related tax expense of $5.2 million), respectively, in other comprehensive income arising from changes in the fair value of the interest rate cap contracts (designated as cash-flow hedging instruments) related to the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded a decrease of $3.4 million (and related tax benefit of an insignificant amount) and a decrease of $14.3 million (and related tax benefit of $3.6 million), respectively, and during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded a decrease of $8.1 million (and related tax benefit of $2.0 million) and a decrease of $18.7 million (and related tax benefit of $4.7 million), respectively, to other comprehensive income and interest expense, net of the recognition into income of the non-zero hedge inception fair value (based on the nature of the underlying transaction). During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company received $14.4 million and $13.6 million in cash, respectively, and during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company received $28.5 million and $17.8 million in cash, respectively, as a result of periodic cash settlements, which are included in operating cash flow in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the fair value of the Company's interest rate cap contracts was $16.6 million and $44.5 million, respectively, and recorded in other current assets.

At September 30, 2024, the estimated net amount of unrealized gains or losses related to the interest rate cap contracts that was expected to be reclassified to earnings net of the recognition into income of non-zero hedge inception fair value within the next 12 months was $7.5 million.

Stock-based compensation

In accordance with the authoritative guidance for share-based payments (ASC 718), the Company measures stock-based compensation cost at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award. Expense for restricted stock units and stock options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the employee’s requisite service period. Expense for market-based performance stock options and performance-based restricted stock units (PSUs) with a market condition (such as a stock price milestone) (market condition PSUs) that vest is recognized regardless of the actual outcome achieved and is recognized on a graded-vesting basis. Expense for PSUs with a performance condition (such as an operational milestone) (performance condition PSUs) that vest is recorded each period based on a probability assessment of the expected outcome of the performance metric with a final adjustment upon measurement at the end of the performance period and is recognized on a graded-vesting basis. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. The Company recognized $22.8 million and $42.0 million of stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company recognized $21.7 million and $43.5 million of stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The Company recognizes excess tax benefits or deficiencies on vesting or settlement of awards as discrete items within income tax benefit or provision within net income (loss) and the related cash flows are classified within operating activities.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Income taxes

Accruals for uncertain tax positions are provided for in accordance with the authoritative guidance for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes (ASC 740). The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The authoritative guidance for accounting for uncertainty in income taxes also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and income tax disclosures. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense.

Ordinarily, the Company calculates its provision for income taxes at the end of each interim reporting period on the basis of an estimated annual effective tax rate adjusted for tax items that are discrete to each period.

A deferred income tax asset or liability is established for the expected future tax consequences resulting from differences in the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax credit and loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Recent authoritative guidance

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions. ASU 2022-03 clarifies that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered in measuring the security's fair value. The standard also requires certain disclosures for equity securities that are subject to contractual restrictions. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025 and the guidance did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842) – Common Control Agreements. The amendments in this update that apply to public business entities clarify the accounting for leasehold improvements associated with common control leases. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025 and the guidance did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. This ASU amends certain disclosure and presentation requirements for a variety of topics within the FASB ASC. These amendments will also align the requirements in the ASC with the SEC's regulations. The effective date for each amended topic in the ASC is the date on which the SEC’s removal of the related disclosure requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, and will not be effective if the SEC has not removed the applicable disclosure requirements by June 30, 2027. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU requires public entities to enhance disclosures about their reportable segments' significant expenses on an interim and annual basis. The new standard will become effective for the Company's annual disclosures beginning in fiscal year 2025 and for interim disclosures beginning in fiscal year 2026 on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 enhances income tax disclosures by requiring disclosure of specific categories in the income tax rate reconciliation table and disaggregation of income taxes paid. The new standard will become effective for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2026. Early adoption is permitted and the new standard should be applied prospectively, however retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statement disclosures.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02, Codification Improvements – Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements. This update contains amendments to the Codification that remove references to various Concepts Statements. The amendments in this update are not intended to result in significant accounting changes for most entities. The amendments in this update are effective for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2026. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU requires additional disclosures about certain categories of costs and expenses in the notes to financial statements. The new standard will become effective for the Company’s annual disclosures beginning in fiscal year 2028 and for interim disclosures beginning in fiscal year 2029. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of the ASU or retrospectively to any or all periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 2 — Composition of Certain Balance Sheet Captions


	As of September 30, 2024			As of March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
Accounts receivable, net:
Billed	$	554,229		$	545,081
Unbilled		189,040			156,322
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(26,019	)		(23,193	)
	$	717,250		$	678,210
Inventories:
Raw materials	$	113,526		$	89,778
Work in process		23,090			31,884
Finished goods		190,392			196,216
	$	327,008		$	317,878
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Insurance receivable		64,000		$	261,500
Prepaid expenses		249,562			185,892
Other		173,497			134,391
	$	487,059		$	581,783
Property, equipment and satellites, net:
Equipment and software (estimated useful life of 3-7 years)	$	3,586,067		$	2,992,325
CPE leased equipment (estimated useful life of 4-7 years)		540,784			567,548
Furniture and fixtures (estimated useful life of 7 years)		65,426			65,433
Leasehold improvements (estimated useful life of 2-20 years)		284,406			209,162
Buildings (estimated useful life of 12-38 years)		16,725			16,647
Land		20,857			20,787
Construction in progress		879,987			1,301,376
Satellites (estimated useful life of 7-17 years)		3,407,736			3,324,458
Satellite Ka-band capacity obtained under finance leases (estimated useful life of 7-11 years)		177,576			177,576
Satellites under construction		2,084,077			1,976,469
		11,063,641			10,651,781
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(3,577,296	)		(3,094,575	)
	$	7,486,345		$	7,557,206
Other acquired intangible assets, net:
Contracts and customer relationships (weighted average useful life of 11 years)	$	1,438,162		$	1,437,738
Orbital slots and spectrum assets (weighted average useful life of 12 years)		1,088,600			1,088,600
Technology (weighted average useful life of 7 years)		250,791			251,889
Trade names (weighted average useful life of 8 years)		117,086			117,280
Other (weighted average useful life of 11 years)		22,040			21,792
		2,916,679			2,917,299
Less: accumulated amortization		(505,827	)		(372,832	)
	$	2,410,852		$	2,544,467
Other assets:
Deferred income taxes	$	162,123		$	163,590
Capitalized software costs, net		248,970			240,597
Patents, orbital slots and other licenses, net		117,132			112,535
Other		231,436			217,225
	$	759,661		$	733,947
Accrued and other liabilities:
Collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues	$	294,388		$	260,264
Accrued employee compensation		131,860			177,854
Accrued vacation		48,993			48,636
Operating lease liabilities		69,174			71,561
Interest payable		113,147			127,098
Other		241,353			265,208
	$	898,915		$	950,621
Other liabilities:
Deferred revenues, long-term portion	$	859,783		$	896,402
Deferred income taxes		1,222,982			1,228,270
Other		322,978			327,428
	$	2,405,743		$	2,452,100

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 3 — Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with the authoritative guidance for financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (ASC 820), the Company determines fair value based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, and prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value from market-based assumptions to entity specific assumptions:

• Level 1 — Inputs based on quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.

• Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

• Level 3 — Inputs which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. The inputs are unobservable in the market and significant to the instrument’s valuation.

The following tables present the Company's hierarchy for its assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. The Company had no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of both September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024.


	Fair Value as of September 30, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	2,548,047	$	2,548,047	$	—	$	—
Interest rate cap contracts		16,559		—		16,559		—
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	2,564,606	$	2,548,047	$	16,559	$	—

	Fair Value as of March 31, 2024		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	474,743	$	474,743	$	—	$	—
Interest rate cap contracts		44,497		—		44,497		—
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	519,240	$	474,743	$	44,497	$	—

The following section describes the valuation methodologies the Company uses to measure financial instruments at fair value:

Cash equivalents — The Company’s cash equivalents consist of money market funds, with a significant portion held in U.S. government backed qualified money market securities.

Interest rate cap contracts — The Company assumed interest rate cap contracts to hedge the variable interest rate under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities (see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation – Derivatives for more information). The Company’s interest rate cap contracts are valued using the forward interest rate curve at each reporting date (Level 2).

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Long-term debt — As of September 30, 2024, the Company’s long-term debt (including current portion) was comprised of (1) $442.6 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 5.625% Senior Notes due 2025 (the 2025 Notes), $600.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 5.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 (the 2027 Notes), $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 6.500% Senior Notes due 2028 (the 2028 Notes), $1.975 billion in aggregate principal amount of Inmarsat's 9.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 (the Inmarsat 2029 Notes), $733.4 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat’s 7.500% Senior Notes due 2031 (the 2031 Notes), and $1.97 billion in aggregate principal amount of Inmarsat's 6.750% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 (the Inmarsat 2026 Notes), (2) borrowings under Viasat’s $700.0 million senior secured term loan facility (the 2022 Term Loan Facility), borrowings under Viasat’s $616.7 million senior secured term loan facility (the 2023 Term Loan Facility), borrowings under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities and borrowings under Viasat’s direct loan facility with the Export-Import Bank of the United States (the Ex-Im Credit Facility), and (3) finance lease obligations reported at the present value of future minimum lease payments with current accrued interest. Long-term debt related to the Revolving Credit Facilities is reported at the outstanding principal amount of borrowings, while long-term debt related to the Company's other Credit Facilities and the Notes is reported at amortized cost. However, for disclosure purposes, the Company is required to measure the fair value of outstanding debt on a recurring basis. The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt related to the Company's variable rate Credit Facilities approximates its carrying amount due to its variable interest rate, which approximates a market interest rate. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt related to the Ex-Im Credit Facility was Level 2 and was approximately $29.1 million and $38.5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the estimated fair value of the Company’s outstanding long-term debt related to each series of Notes was Level 2 and was $437.0 million and $680.8 million, respectively, for the 2025 Notes, $565.8 million and $564.0 million, respectively, for the 2027 Notes, $311.5 million and $307.5 million, respectively, for the 2028 Notes, $502.4 million and $529.9 million, respectively, for the 2031 Notes, and $1.97 billion and $2.04 billion, respectively, for the Inmarsat 2026 Notes. As of September 30, 2024, the estimated fair value of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes was Level 2 and was $1.92 billion.

Satellite performance incentive obligations — The Company’s contracts with satellite manufacturers require the Company to make monthly in-orbit satellite performance incentive payments with respect to certain satellites in commercial service, including interest, through fiscal year 2028, subject to the continued satisfactory performance of the applicable satellites. The Company records the net present value of these expected future payments as a liability and as a component of the cost of the satellites. However, for disclosure purposes, the Company is required to measure the fair value of outstanding satellite performance incentive obligations on a recurring basis. The fair value of the Company’s outstanding satellite performance incentive obligations is estimated to approximate their carrying value based on current rates (Level 2). As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the Company’s estimated satellite performance incentive obligations relating to certain satellites in commercial service, including accrued interest, were $13.8 million and $15.9 million, respectively.

Contingencies — In connection with the acquisition of the remaining 51% interest in Euro Broadband Infrastructure Sàrl (EBI) on April 30, 2021, part of the purchase price consideration was determined approximately two years after the closing date, and as a result the Company received €20.0 million, or approximately $22.0 million, in cash and recorded a gain of approximately $18.1 million in the second quarter of fiscal year 2024 in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The consideration paid was contingent based on certain outcomes as defined in the acquisition agreement. Each reporting period, the Company estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration based on unobservable inputs and probability weightings using standard valuation techniques (Level 3).

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 4 — Acquisition

In May 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of all outstanding shares of Inmarsat Holdings, a privately held leading provider of global mobile satellite communications services. The Inmarsat Acquisition positions the Company as a leading global communications innovator with enhanced scale and scope to connect the world affordably, securely and reliably. The complementary assets and resources of the combined company position the Company to provide advanced new services in mobile and fixed segments, driving greater customer choice in broadband communications and narrowband services (including the Internet of Things (IoT)). These benefits and additional opportunities were among the factors that contributed to a purchase price resulting in the recognition of goodwill of $1.5 billion which was recognized in the Company's communication services segment. The goodwill recognized was not deductible for U.S. and foreign income tax purposes.

The consideration transferred of approximately $2.7 billion was comprised of $2.1 billion of the fair value of approximately 46.36 million shares of the Company’s common stock issued at the closing of the transaction and $550.7 million in cash consideration. In connection with the Inmarsat Acquisition, the Company recorded acquisition-related transaction costs of zero during both the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and $2.5 million and $29.9 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

The purchase price allocation of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities in the Inmarsat Acquisition based on the estimated fair values as of May 30, 2023, adjusted since the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition, primarily between property, equipment and satellites, identifiable intangible assets, deferred tax liabilities and goodwill, is as follows:


	(In thousands)
Current assets	$	641,893
Property, equipment and satellites		4,363,049
Identifiable intangible assets		2,570,000
Other assets		388,745
Total assets acquired	$	7,963,687
Current liabilities		(598,296	)
Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion		(3,519,774	)
Other long-term liabilities		(2,629,406	)
Total liabilities assumed	$	(6,747,476	)
Goodwill		1,462,881
Total consideration transferred	$	2,679,092

Current liabilities and other long-term liabilities include approximately $29.6 million and $248.3 million, respectively, of unfavorable contract liabilities amortized into service revenue over a weighted average estimated useful life of approximately nine years. Amounts assigned to identifiable intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their determined useful lives (which approximates the economic pattern of benefit) and are as follows as of May 30, 2023:


			Weighted
	Fair Value		Average Useful Life
	(In thousands)		(In years)
Orbital slots and spectrum assets	$	1,080,000		12
Customer relationships		1,305,000		11
Technology		100,000		7
Trade names		85,000		8
Total identifiable intangible assets	$	2,570,000		11

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Management determined the fair value of acquired customer relationships by applying the multi-period excess earnings method, which involved the use of significant judgments and assumptions related to revenue growth rates, customer attrition rates, discount rates, and contributory asset charges. Additionally, management determined the fair value of acquired orbital slots and spectrum assets using an avoided cost method, which involved the use of significant judgments and assumptions related to hypothetical lease payments, discount rates, and contributory asset charges.

The intangible assets acquired in the Inmarsat Acquisition were determined in accordance with ASC 805, based on estimated fair values using valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach and/or cost approach to measure fair value.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the operating results of Inmarsat from the date of its acquisition on May 30, 2023. The Company recorded approximately $426.6 million and $560.8 million in revenue during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $135.2 million and $135.1 million of net loss during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, from the Inmarsat business following the acquisition date, which was recorded in the Company's communication services segment in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The unaudited financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations for the Company and Inmarsat on a pro forma basis, as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of fiscal year 2023, April 1, 2022. The pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and may not be indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of the related fiscal periods. The pro forma financial information for the six months ended September 30, 2023 included the business combination accounting effects primarily related to the amortization and depreciation changes from acquired intangible and tangible assets, interest expense from the debt issued to finance the acquisition, acquisition-related transaction costs and related tax effects.

Note 5 — Shares Used In Computing Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The weighted average number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to Viasat, Inc. common stockholders is the same for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, as the Company incurred a net loss attributable to Viasat, Inc. common stockholders for such periods and inclusion of potentially dilutive weighted average shares of common stock would be antidilutive.

Potentially dilutive weighted average shares excluded from the calculation for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 consisted of 226,428 shares and 248,592 shares, respectively, related to stock options (other than market-based performance stock options), 37,424 shares and zero shares, respectively, related to market-based performance stock options and market condition PSUs, 2,852,674 shares and 2,556,363 shares, respectively, related to restricted stock units (other than PSUs), 51,698 shares and zero shares, respectively, related to performance condition PSUs, and 995,325 shares and 804,480 shares, respectively, related to certain terms of the Viasat 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Potentially dilutive weighted average shares excluded from the calculation for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 consisted of 224,200 shares and 236,658 shares, respectively, related to stock options (other than market-based performance stock options), 23,667 shares and zero shares, respectively, related to market-based performance stock options and market condition PSUs, 3,446,400 shares and 2,044,211 shares, respectively, related to restricted stock units (other than PSUs), 27,343 shares and zero shares, respectively, related to performance condition PSUs, and 1,331,372 shares and 811,749 shares, respectively, related to certain terms of the Viasat 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 6 — Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

During the six months ended September 30, 2024, the insignificant increase in the Company’s goodwill was primarily related to foreign currency translation effect recorded within both of the Company's segments. During the six months ended September 30, 2023, the increase in the Company’s goodwill was primarily related to the Inmarsat Acquisition (see Note 4 — Acquisition for more information) and foreign currency translation effect recorded within both of the Company’s segments.

Other acquired intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives of two to 20 years (which approximates the economic pattern of benefit). Amortization expense related to other acquired intangible assets was $66.0 million and $81.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $132.2 million and $109.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Note 7 — Senior Notes and Other Long-Term Debt

Total long-term debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024:


	As of September 30, 2024			As of March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
2031 Notes	$	733,400		$	733,400
Inmarsat 2029 Notes		1,975,000			—
2028 Notes		400,000			400,000
2027 Notes		600,000			600,000
Inmarsat 2026 Notes (1)		1,973,275			2,075,000
2025 Notes		442,550			700,000
2022 Term Loan Facility		686,000			687,750
2023 Term Loan Facility		610,533			613,617
Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities		1,593,500			1,600,000
Ex-Im Credit Facility		29,478			39,304
Viasat Revolving Credit Facility		—			—
Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility		—			—
Finance lease obligations (see Note 1)		20,822			26,771
Total debt		9,064,558			7,475,842
Unamortized discount, debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments made in purchase accounting		(281,649	)		(288,553	)
Less: current portion of long-term debt (2)		2,377,989			58,054
Total long-term debt	$	6,404,920		$	7,129,235

(1)

The Inmarsat 2026 Notes were redeemed in full with the net proceeds of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes on October 1, 2024, together with cash on hand, subsequent to quarter end.

(2)

As of September 30, 2024, current portion of long-term debt included the 2025 Notes and the Inmarsat 2026 Notes.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

2022 Term Loan Facility

In March 2022, the Company entered into the $700.0 million 2022 Term Loan Facility, which was fully drawn at closing and matures on March 4, 2029. At September 30, 2024, the Company had $686.0 million in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility.

Borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility are required to be repaid in quarterly installments of $1.75 million each, which commenced on September 30, 2022, followed by a final installment of $654.5 million at maturity. Borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (1) a base rate equal to the greater of the administrative agent’s prime rate as announced from time to time, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, and the forward-looking term SOFR rate administered by CME for a one-month interest period plus 1.00%, subject to a floor of 1.50% for the initial term loans, plus an applicable margin of 3.50%, or (2) the forward-looking term SOFR rate administered by CME for the applicable interest period, subject to a floor of 0.50% for the initial term loans, plus an applicable margin of 4.50%. As of September 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on the Company’s outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility was 9.88%. The 2022 Term Loan Facility is required to be guaranteed by certain significant domestic subsidiaries of the Company (as defined in the 2022 Term Loan Facility) and secured by substantially all of the Company’s and any such subsidiaries’ assets. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the 2022 Term Loan Facility.

The 2022 Term Loan Facility contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of Company and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional debt, grant liens, sell assets, make investments, pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants under the 2022 Term Loan Facility as of September 30, 2024.

Borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility are recorded as current portion of long-term debt and as other long-term debt, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The 2022 Term Loan Facility was issued with an original issue discount of 2.00%, or $14.0 million. The original issue discount and deferred financing cost associated with the issuance of the borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 2022 Term Loan Facility, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis.

2023 Term Loan Facility

In connection with the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition, on May 30, 2023, the Company entered into the $616.7 million 2023 Term Loan Facility, which was fully drawn at closing and matures on May 30, 2030. At September 30, 2024, the Company had $610.5 million in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan Facility.

Borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan Facility are required to be repaid in quarterly installments of $1.5 million each, which commenced on December 31, 2023, followed by a final installment of $576.6 million at maturity. Borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan Facility bear interest, at the Company's option, at either (1) a base rate equal to the greater of the administrative agent’s prime rate as announced from time to time, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, and the forward-looking term SOFR rate administered by CME for a one-month interest period plus 1.00%, subject to a floor of 1.50% for the initial term loans, plus an applicable margin of 3.50%, or (2) the forward-looking term SOFR rate administered by CME for the applicable interest period, subject to a floor of 0.50% for the initial term loans, plus an applicable margin of 4.50%, plus a credit spread adjustment ranging from 0.11% to 0.43%. As of September 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on the Company’s outstanding borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan Facility was 10.71%. The 2023 Term Loan Facility is required to be guaranteed by certain significant domestic subsidiaries of the Company (as defined in the 2023 Term Loan Facility) and secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets and any such subsidiaries' assets. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the 2023 Term Loan Facility.

The 2023 Term Loan Facility contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of Company and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional debt, grant liens, sell assets, make investments, pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants under the 2023 Term Loan Facility as of September 30, 2024.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan Facility are recorded as current portion of long-term debt and as other long-term debt, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The 2023 Term Loan Facility was issued with an original issue discount of 2.50%, or $15.4 million. The original issue discount and deferred financing cost associated with the issuance of the borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan Facility are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 2023 Term Loan Facility, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis.

Ex-Im Credit Facility

The Ex-Im Credit Facility originally provided a $362.4 million senior secured direct loan facility, which was fully drawn. Of the $362.4 million in principal amount of borrowings made under the Ex-Im Credit Facility, $321.2 million was used to finance up to 85% of the costs of construction, launch and insurance of the ViaSat-2 satellite and related goods and services (including costs incurred on or after September 18, 2012), with the remaining $41.2 million used to finance the total exposure fees incurred under the Ex-Im Credit Facility (which included all previously accrued completion exposure fees). As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $29.5 million in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under the Ex-Im Credit Facility.

Borrowings under the Ex-Im Credit Facility bear interest at a fixed rate of 2.38%, payable semi-annually in arrears. The effective interest rate on the Company’s outstanding borrowings under the Ex-Im Credit Facility, which takes into account timing and amount of borrowings and payments, exposure fees, debt issuance costs and other fees, is 4.54%. Borrowings under the Ex-Im Credit Facility are required to be repaid in 16 semi-annual principal installments, which commenced on April 15, 2018, with a maturity date of October 15, 2025. The Ex-Im Credit Facility is guaranteed by Viasat and is secured by first-priority liens on the ViaSat-2 satellite and related assets, as well as a pledge of the capital stock of the borrower under the facility.

The Ex-Im Credit Facility contains financial covenants regarding Viasat’s maximum total leverage ratio and minimum interest coverage ratio. In addition, the Ex-Im Credit Facility contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the Company’s ability to sell assets, make investments and acquisitions, make capital expenditures, grant liens, pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants under the Ex-Im Credit Facility as of September 30, 2024.

Borrowings under the Ex-Im Credit Facility are recorded as current portion of long-term debt and as other long-term debt, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The discount of $42.3 million (consisting of the initial $6.0 million pre-exposure fee, $35.3 million of completion exposure fees, and other customary fees) and deferred financing cost associated with the issuance of the borrowings under the Ex-Im Credit Facility are amortized to interest expense on an effective interest rate basis over the weighted average term of the Ex-Im Credit Facility and in accordance with the related payment obligations.

Viasat Revolving Credit Facility

As of September 30, 2024, Viasat's revolving credit facility (the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility) provided a $647.5 million revolving line of credit (including up to $150.0 million of letters of credit), with a maturity date of the earliest of (A) August 24, 2028 and (B) the springing maturity date (as defined in the Viasat Revolving Credit Agreement, which is effectively 91 days prior to the maturity date of certain material debt for borrowed money of Viasat and its subsidiaries to the extent certain conditions have not been satisfied as of such date). As of September 30, 2024, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility and $59.3 million outstanding under standby letters of credit, leaving borrowing availability under the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility as of September 30, 2024 of $588.2 million.

Borrowings under the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (1) the highest of the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, forward-looking term SOFR (as defined in the definitive credit agreement governing the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility) for an interest period of one month plus 1.00%, or the administrative agent’s prime rate as announced from time to time, or (2) forward-looking term SOFR (not to be less than 0.00% per annum), plus, in the case of each of (1) and (2), an applicable margin that is based on the Company’s total leverage ratio. The Company has capitalized certain amounts of interest expense on the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility in connection with the construction of various assets during the construction period. The Viasat Revolving Credit Facility is required to be guaranteed by certain significant domestic subsidiaries of the Company (as defined in the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility) and secured by substantially all of the Company’s and any such subsidiaries’ assets. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The Viasat Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants regarding a maximum total leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio. In addition, the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the Company’s ability to incur additional debt, grant liens, sell assets, make investments and acquisitions, make capital expenditures, pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments. The Company was in compliance with its financial covenants under the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility as of September 30, 2024.

Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities

As of September 30, 2024, the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities comprised an aggregate of $1.6 billion of Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities (consisting of the new $1.3 billion New Term Loan Facility and $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of outstanding borrowings under the prior Inmarsat term loan facility (the Original Term Loan Facility)) and Inmarsat's $550.0 million revolving line of credit (including up to $100.0 million of letters of credit) (the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility). The maturity date for Original Term Loan Facility is December 12, 2026, and for the New Term Loan Facility is September 28, 2029. The Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility matures on the earlier of March 28, 2027 and (if more than $100.0 million of borrowings are outstanding under the Original Term Loan Facility) the date that is 91 days prior to the maturity of the Original Term Loan Facility. As of September 30, 2024, Inmarsat had $1.6 billion in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities. As of September 30, 2024, the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility was undrawn and there were no amounts outstanding under standby letters of credit, leaving borrowing availability under the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility as of September 30, 2024 of $550.0 million.

In March 2024, the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities were amended to (among other matters): (1) provide for the $1.3 billion New Term Loan Facility, the proceeds of which, together with cash on hand, were used to repay approximately $1.38 billion of the outstanding borrowings under the Original Term Loan Facility, resulting in $300.0 million in principal amount of borrowings remaining outstanding under the Original Term Loan Facility at the closing of the amendment, and (2) replace the prior $700.0 million revolving credit facility maturing in December 2024 with the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility.

Borrowings under the New Term Loan Facility are required to be repaid in quarterly installments of $3.25 million each, which commenced in the quarter ended June 30, 2024, followed by a final installment of $1.23 billion at maturity. As a result of the voluntary prepayments at the closing of the amendment, all quarterly amortization installments with respect to the Original Term Loan Facility have been reduced to zero, with the only remaining scheduled principal repayment being a final installment of $300.0 million at the maturity date on December 12, 2026.

Borrowings under the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities: (1) in the case of borrowings denominated in U.S. Dollars, bear interest, at Inmarsat's option, at either (i) the highest of (x) for the Original Term Loan Facility, the greater of the federal funds rate or the overnight banking fund rate for such day plus 0.50% and for the New Term Loan Facility, the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (y) the forward-looking one-month term SOFR rate plus 1.00% or (z) the administrative agent's prime rate as announced from time to time, or (ii) the forward-looking term SOFR rate for the applicable interest period (subject to, in the case of the New Term Loan Facility, a floor of 0.50% per annum, in the case of the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility, a floor of 0.00% per annum and, in the case of the Original Term Loan Facility, a floor of 1.00% per annum), and (2) in the case of borrowings denominated in available currencies other than U.S. Dollars, bear interest based upon the applicable benchmark for such currencies (as described in the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities) plus, in all cases, an applicable margin. The applicable margin for the Original Term Loan Facility is 2.50% per annum for base rate loans and 3.50% per annum for SOFR loans. The applicable margin for the New Term Loan Facility is 3.50% per annum for base rate loans and 4.50% per annum for SOFR loans. The applicable margin for borrowings under the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility is based on Inmarsat’s total net leverage ratio and ranges between 1.50% and 2.25% per annum for base rate loans and 2.50% and 3.25% per annum for SOFR loans. As of September 30, 2024, the weighted average effective interest rate on the Company's outstanding borrowings under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities, including the impact of interest rate cap contracts (see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation – Derivatives for more information), was approximately 9.42%. The Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities are required to be guaranteed by certain material Inmarsat subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of the assets of the Inmarsat borrowers and subsidiary guarantors.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities contain covenants that restrict, among other things, Inmarsat’s ability to incur additional debt, grant liens, sell assets, make investments and acquisitions, pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments. In addition, financial covenants regarding Inmarsat’s total net leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio apply to the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility. The borrowers under the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities were in compliance with the financial covenants under the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities as of September 30, 2024.

Borrowings under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities are recorded as current portion of long-term debt and as other long-term debt, net of unamortized discount, unamortized fair value adjustment made in purchase accounting and debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The New Term Loan Facility was issued with an original issue discount of 2.00%.

Senior Notes

Senior Notes due 2031

On September 28, 2023, the Company issued $733.4 million in principal amount of 2031 Notes in a private placement to institutional buyers to replace the $733.4 million unsecured bridge loan facility that was entered into in connection with the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition on May 30, 2023. The 2031 Notes were issued at face value and are recorded as long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The 2031 Notes bear interest at the rate of 7.500% per year, payable semi-annually in cash in arrears, which interest payments commenced in May 2024. Debt issuance costs associated with the issuance of the 2031 Notes are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 2031 Notes, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis.

The 2031 Notes are required to be guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by each of the Company’s existing and future subsidiaries that guarantees the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the 2031 Notes. The 2031 Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future unsecured unsubordinated debt. The 2031 Notes are effectively junior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future secured debt, including under the Credit Facilities and the 2027 Notes (to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt), are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2031 Notes, and are senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness.

The indenture governing the 2031 Notes limits, among other things, the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur, assume or guarantee additional debt; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends, make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase subordinated debt; make loans and investments; grant or incur liens; restrict dividends, loans or asset transfers from restricted subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; reduce the Company’s satellite insurance; and consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of their assets to, another person.

Prior to May 30, 2026, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the 2031 Notes at a redemption price of 107.500% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date, from the net cash proceeds of specified equity offerings. The Company may also redeem the 2031 Notes prior to May 30, 2026, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus a “make whole” premium and any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date. The 2031 Notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time during the 12 months beginning on May 30, 2026 at a redemption price of 103.750%, during the 12 months beginning on May 30, 2027 at a redemption price of 101.875%, and at any time on or after May 30, 2028 at a redemption price of 100%, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

In the event a change of control triggering event occurs (as defined in the indenture governing the 2031 Notes), each holder will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2031 Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2031 Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

Inmarsat Senior Secured Notes due 2029

On September 25, 2024, certain subsidiaries of Inmarsat Holdings issued $1.975 billion in principal amount of Inmarsat 2029 Notes in a private placement to institutional buyers. The Inmarsat 2029 Notes were issued at face value and are recorded as long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The Inmarsat 2029 Notes bear interest at the rate of 9.000% per year, payable semi-annually in cash in arrears, which interest payments commence in March 2025. Debt issuance costs associated with the issuance of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis. Inmarsat used the net proceeds from the issuance of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes, together with cash on hand, to redeem all of the outstanding Inmarsat 2026 Notes on October 1, 2024, subsequent to quarter end.

The Inmarsat 2029 Notes are secured by pari passu first priority liens on the collateral securing the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities, and are required to be guaranteed on a senior secured basis by the subsidiaries of Inmarsat Holdings guaranteeing the Inmarsat Secured Credit Facilities.

The indenture governing the Inmarsat 2029 Notes limits, among other things, the ability of the issuers and their restricted subsidiaries to: incur, assume or guarantee additional debt; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends, make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase subordinated debt; make loans and investments; grant or incur liens; restrict dividends, loans or asset transfers from restricted subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; and consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of their assets to, another person.

Prior to September 15, 2026, the issuers may redeem up to 40% of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes at a redemption price 109.000% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date, from the net cash proceeds of specified equity offerings so long as at least 50% of the aggregate principal amount of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes originally issued remains outstanding after such redemptions. The issuers may also redeem the Inmarsat 2029 Notes prior to September 15, 2026, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus a “make-whole” premium and any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date. The Inmarsat 2029 Notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time during the 12 months beginning on September 15, 2026 at a redemption price of 104.500%, at any time during the 12 months beginning on September 15, 2027 at a redemption price of 102.250%, and at any time on or after September 15, 2028 at a redemption price of 100%, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.

In the event a change of control occurs (as defined in the indenture governing the Inmarsat 2029 Notes), each holder will have the right to require the issuers to repurchase all or a portion of such holder’s Inmarsat 2029 Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

Senior Notes due 2028

In June 2020, the Company issued $400.0 million in principal amount of 2028 Notes in a private placement to institutional buyers. The 2028 Notes were issued at face value and are recorded as long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The 2028 Notes bear interest at the rate of 6.500% per year, payable semi-annually in cash in arrears, which interest payments commenced in January 2021. Debt issuance costs associated with the issuance of the 2028 Notes are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 2028 Notes, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The 2028 Notes are required to be guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by each of the Company’s existing and future subsidiaries that guarantees the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the 2028 Notes. The 2028 Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future unsecured unsubordinated debt. The 2028 Notes are effectively junior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future secured debt, including under the Credit Facilities and the 2027 Notes (to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt), are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2028 Notes, and are senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness.

The indenture governing the 2028 Notes limits, among other things, the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur, assume or guarantee additional debt; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends, make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase subordinated debt; make loans and investments; grant or incur liens; restrict dividends, loans or asset transfers from restricted subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; reduce the Company’s satellite insurance; and consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of their assets to, another person.

The 2028 Notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time during the 12 months beginning on July 15, 2024 at a redemption price of 101.625%, and at any time on or after July 15, 2025 at a redemption price of 100%, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.

In the event a change of control triggering event occurs (as defined in the indenture governing the 2028 Notes), each holder will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2028 Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

Senior Secured Notes due 2027

In March 2019, the Company issued $600.0 million in principal amount of 2027 Notes in a private placement to institutional buyers. The 2027 Notes were issued at face value and are recorded as long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The 2027 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.625% per year, payable semi-annually in cash in arrears, which interest payments commenced in October 2019. Debt issuance costs associated with the issuance of the 2027 Notes are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 2027 Notes, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis.

The 2027 Notes are required to be guaranteed on a senior secured basis by each of the Company’s existing and future subsidiaries that guarantees the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the 2027 Notes. The 2027 Notes are secured, equally and ratably with the 2022 Term Loan Facility, the 2023 Term Loan Facility, the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility and any future parity lien debt, by liens on substantially all of the Company’s and such subsidiaries' assets.

The 2027 Notes are the Company’s general senior secured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of its existing and future unsubordinated debt. The 2027 Notes are effectively senior to all of the Company’s existing and future unsecured debt (including the 2025 Notes, the 2028 Notes and the 2031 Notes) as well as to all of any permitted junior lien debt that may be incurred in the future, in each case to the extent of the value of the assets securing the 2027 Notes. The 2027 Notes are effectively subordinated to any obligations that are secured by liens on assets that do not constitute a part of the collateral securing the 2027 Notes (such as the Inmarsat 2026 Notes), are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2027 Notes, and are senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness.

The indenture governing the 2027 Notes limits, among other things, the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur, assume or guarantee additional debt; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends, make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase subordinated debt; make loans and investments; grant or incur liens; restrict dividends, loans or asset transfers from restricted subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; reduce the Company’s satellite insurance; and consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of their assets to, another person.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The 2027 Notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price of 100% plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.

In the event a change of control triggering event occurs (as defined in the indenture governing the 2027 Notes), each holder will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2027 Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2027 Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

Senior Notes due 2025

In September 2017, the Company issued $700.0 million in principal amount of 2025 Notes in a private placement to institutional buyers. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2025, the Company repurchased $257.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 2025 Notes in open market transactions, resulting in $442.6 million in principal amount of 2025 Notes remaining outstanding as of September 30, 2024. As a result, the Company recorded a gain of an insignificant amount in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. The 2025 Notes were issued at face value and are recorded as long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The 2025 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.625% per year, payable semi-annually in cash in arrears, which interest payments commenced in March 2018. Debt issuance costs associated with the issuance of the 2025 Notes are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 2025 Notes, the results of which are not materially different from the effective interest rate basis.

The 2025 Notes are required to be guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by each of the Company’s existing and future subsidiaries that guarantees the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2024, none of the Company’s subsidiaries guaranteed the 2025 Notes. The 2025 Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future unsecured unsubordinated debt. The 2025 Notes are effectively junior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future secured debt, including under the Credit Facilities and the 2027 Notes (to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt), are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities (including trade payables) of the Company’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2025 Notes, and are senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness.

The indenture governing the 2025 Notes limits, among other things, the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur, assume or guarantee additional debt; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends, make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase subordinated debt; make loans and investments; grant or incur liens; restrict dividends, loans or asset transfers from restricted subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; reduce the Company’s satellite insurance; and consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of their assets to, another person.

The 2025 Notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price of 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.

In the event a change of control triggering event occurs (as defined in the indenture governing the 2025 Notes), each holder will have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or any part of such holder’s 2025 Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

Inmarsat Senior Secured Notes due 2026; Discharge of Indenture and Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

In October 2019, certain subsidiaries of Inmarsat Holdings issued $2.08 billion in principal amount of Inmarsat 2026 Notes in a private placement to institutional buyers. In July 2024, Inmarsat repurchased $101.7 million in aggregate principal amount of Inmarsat 2026 Notes in open market transactions, resulting in $1.97 billion in principal amount of Inmarsat 2026 Notes remaining outstanding as of September 30, 2024. As a result, the Company recorded a loss of $3.7 million on extinguishment of the Inmarsat 2026 Notes in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. The Inmarsat 2026 Notes bore interest at the rate of 6.750% per year, payable semi-annually in cash in arrears, and are recorded as current portion of long-term debt and as other long-term debt as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively, net of unamortized fair value adjustment made in purchase accounting, in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Subsequent to quarter end, on October 1, 2024, Inmarsat used the net proceeds from the issuance of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes, together with cash on hand, to redeem all of the outstanding Inmarsat 2026 Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount so redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date, and the indenture governing the Inmarsat 2026 Notes was satisfied and discharged in accordance with its terms. As a result of the redemption of the Inmarsat 2026 Notes, the Company is expected to recognize a loss of approximately $97 million on extinguishment of debt during the third quarter of fiscal year 2025.

Note 8 — Related-Party Transactions

In the normal course of business, the Company engages in transactions with its equity method investments (Navarino UK and JSAT Mobile), which are considered related-party transactions. The Company recognized revenue from Navarino UK and JSAT Mobile in the amounts of $17.0 million and $19.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $33.8 million and $25.4 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company received cash of $16.9 million and $19.2 million from Navarino UK and JSAT Mobile for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $36.2 million and $25.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accounts receivable from Navarino UK and JSAT Mobile as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 was $9.6 million and $13.2 million, respectively.

Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, the Company enters into satellite construction agreements as well as various other satellite-related purchase commitments, including with respect to the provision of launch services, operation of its satellites and satellite insurance. See Note 14 — Commitments to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024 for information regarding the Company’s future minimum payments under its satellite construction contracts and other satellite-related purchase commitments.

Periodically, the Company is involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, including government investigations and claims, and other claims and proceedings with respect to intellectual property, breach of contract, labor and employment, tax and other matters. Such matters could result in fines; penalties, compensatory, treble or other damages; or non-monetary relief. A violation of government contract laws and regulations could also result in the termination of its government contracts or debarment from bidding on future government contracts. Although claims, suits, investigations and proceedings are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes that the resolution of its current pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

The Company has contracts with various U.S. Government agencies. Accordingly, the Company is routinely subject to audit and review by the DCMA, the DCAA and other U.S. Government agencies of its performance on government contracts, indirect rates and pricing practices, accounting and management internal control business systems, and compliance with applicable contracting and procurement laws, regulations and standards. An adverse outcome to a review or audit or other failure to comply with applicable contracting and procurement laws, regulations and standards could result in material civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions being imposed on the Company, which may include termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, triggering of price reduction clauses, suspension of payments, significant customer refunds, fines and suspension, or a prohibition on doing business with U.S. Government agencies. In addition, if the Company fails to obtain an “adequate” determination of its various accounting and management internal control business systems from applicable U.S. Government agencies or if allegations of impropriety are made against it, the Company could suffer serious harm to its business or its reputation, including its ability to bid on new contracts or receive contract renewals and its competitive position in the bidding process. As of September 30, 2024, the DCMA had approved the Company’s incurred costs through fiscal year 2022. The DCMA is currently auditing the Company's fiscal year 2023 incurred cost submission. The Company's cost accounting practices are examined for compliance with the applicable CAS. Although the Company has recorded contract revenues subsequent to fiscal year 2022 based upon an estimate of costs that the Company believes will be approved upon final audit or review, the Company does not know the outcome of any ongoing or future audits or reviews and adjustments and if future adjustments exceed the Company’s estimates its profitability would be adversely affected. The Company had $11.4 million and $16.6 million as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively, in contract-related reserves for its estimate of potential refunds to customers for potential cost adjustments on several multi-year U.S. Government cost reimbursable contracts. This reserve is classified as either an element of accrued liabilities or as a reduction of unbilled accounts receivable based on the status of the related contracts.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

In September 2023, the Company settled certain pending litigation. Under the terms of the settlement and licensing agreement, the Company receives certain payments, which may vary based on sales of licensed products. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, the Company received a payment of approximately $41.7 million, which was recognized as product revenue in the Company’s defense and advanced technologies segment for the six months ended September 30, 2024. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, the Company received a payment, of which $99.9 million was recognized as product revenue in the Company’s defense and advanced technologies segment and $7.2 million as interest income for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023. The Company may from time to time receive additional licensing and royalty payments under the settlement and licensing agreement.

Note 10 — Income Taxes

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $5.9 million and $7.1 million, respectively, resulting in an effective tax rate of negative 5% for both periods. The effective tax rates for the periods differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to a U.S. valuation allowance and foreign tax rate differences.

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $93.1 million and $93.6 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 11% and 10%, respectively. The effective tax rates for the periods differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to a valuation allowance recorded against the Company's U.S. net deferred tax assets during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024.

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, in evaluating the Company’s ability to realize its U.S. net deferred tax assets, the Company considered all available positive and negative evidence, including but not limited to operating results, forecasted ranges of future taxable income, and its recent satellite anomalies. ASC 740 places more weight on the objectively verifiable evidence of current pre-tax losses and recent events than forecasts of future profitability. Therefore, the Company determined it is more likely than not that its U.S. net deferred tax assets will not be realized. As a result, the Company’s tax benefit for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 was reduced by a valuation allowance recorded against its U.S. losses for the periods.

The Company's total valuation allowance increased from $353.6 million at March 31, 2024 to $369.4 million at September 30, 2024 relating to carryforwards for federal, state, and foreign net operating losses, federal and state R&D tax credits, and foreign tax credits.

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits increased by $7.8 million and $8.6 million, respectively, and interest and penalties increased by $1.6 million and an insignificant amount, respectively. Of the total $194.2 million gross unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2024, $15.8 million would reduce the Company's annual effective tax rate if recognized based on the Company's valuation allowance position at September 30, 2024.

Note 11 — Segment Information

The Company reports its results in two separate segments consisting of communications services and defense and advanced technologies. The Company's segments are determined consistent with the way management currently organizes and evaluates financial information internally for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Due to the resegmentation that was implemented commencing with the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, prior period segment amounts have been recast to conform to the current segment presentation.

The Company’s reportable segments (communication services and defense and advanced technologies) have been determined based upon their market and economic characteristics while also giving consideration to the structure and management of various business lines. The reportable segments are primarily determined based upon industry categories and core competencies relating to product or service end market distribution, operations, and servicing and distinguished by the type of customer and, to a lesser extent, the related contractual requirements.

The Company’s communication services segment provides a wide range of broadband and narrowband communications solutions across government and commercial mobility markets, as well as for fixed and residential broadband customers. In addition, this segment includes the development and sale of a wide array of advanced satellite and wireless products, and networks and terminal solutions that support or enable the provision of fixed and mobile broadband and narrowband services.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

The Company’s defense and advanced technologies segment develops and offers a diverse array of resilient, vertically integrated solutions to government and commercial customers, leveraging the Company’s technical competencies in encryption, cyber security, tactical gateway, modems and waveforms. The more regulated government environment for defense, encryption and other products is subject to unique contractual requirements and possesses economic characteristics that differ from the communication services segment.

Segment revenues and operating profits (losses) for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
Revenues:
Communication services
Aviation services	$	261,987		$	224,049		$	519,142		$	375,161
Government satcom services		179,875			169,843			363,748			252,467
Maritime services		121,179			130,428			245,126			175,773
Fixed services and other services		184,853			246,442			386,489			461,134
Total services		747,894			770,762			1,514,505			1,264,535
Total products		78,491			75,795			138,667			142,282
Total communication services revenues		826,385			846,557			1,653,172			1,406,817
Defense and advanced technologies
Total services		50,420			52,924			104,530			102,570

Information security and cyber defense products		83,548			82,378			139,055			139,054
Space and mission systems products		78,782			92,306			152,088			164,693
Tactical networking products		80,034			42,445			151,444			79,829
Advanced technologies and other products		3,093			108,805			48,433			112,243
Total products		245,457			325,934			491,020			495,819
Total defense and advanced technologies revenues		295,877			378,858			595,550			598,389
Elimination of intersegment revenues		—			—			—			—
Total revenues	$	1,122,262		$	1,225,415		$	2,248,722		$	2,005,206

Operating profits (losses):
Communication services	$	(467	)	$	(831,186	)	$	41,472		$	(841,129	)
Defense and advanced technologies		41,813			107,893			125,824			104,131
Elimination of intersegment operating profits (losses)		—			—			—			—
Segment operating profit (loss) before corporate and amortization of acquired intangible assets		41,346			(723,293	)		167,296			(736,998	)
Corporate		—			—			—			—
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		(66,024	)		(81,374	)		(132,239	)		(109,185	)
Income (loss) from operations	$	(24,678	)	$	(804,667	)	$	35,057		$	(846,183	)

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Assets identifiable to segments include accounts receivable, unbilled accounts receivable, inventory, acquired intangible assets and goodwill, which identification is consistent with the information provided to the Company's chief operating decision maker for purposes of evaluating segment performance or allocating resources. Segment assets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were as follows:


	As of September 30, 2024		As of March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
Segment assets:
Communication services	$	4,636,720	$	4,819,535
Defense and advanced technologies		440,605		341,450
Total segment assets		5,077,325		5,160,985
Corporate assets		12,677,659		11,168,379
Total assets	$	17,754,984	$	16,329,364

Other acquired intangible assets, net and goodwill included in segment assets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 were as follows:


	Other Acquired Intangible Assets, Net				Goodwill
	As of September 30, 2024		As of March 31, 2024		As of September 30, 2024		As of March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
Communication services	$	2,410,852	$	2,544,315	$	1,583,374	$	1,581,937
Defense and advanced technologies		—		152		40,386		39,826
Total	$	2,410,852	$	2,544,467	$	1,623,760	$	1,621,763

Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets allocated to segments for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
Communication services	$	272,039	$	238,681	$	521,172	$	373,464
Defense and advanced technologies		16,603		13,710		32,459		25,695
Corporate (1)		66,024		81,374		132,239		109,185
Total depreciation and amortization of intangible assets	$	354,666	$	333,765	$	685,870	$	508,344

(1)

Corporate amounts include the amortization of acquired intangible assets as they are not considered part of management’s evaluation of segment performance.

Revenues by geographic area for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2024
	(In thousands)
U.S. customers	$	776,785	$	1,553,280
Non-U.S. customers (each country individually insignificant)		345,477		695,442
Total revenues	$	1,122,262	$	2,248,722

	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
U.S. customers	$	877,421	$	1,470,583
Non-U.S. customers (each country individually insignificant)		347,994		534,623
Total revenues	$	1,225,415	$	2,005,206

The Company distinguishes revenues from external customers by geographic area based on customer location.

VIASAT, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 12 — Subsequent Events

In October 2024, subsequent to quarter end, Inmarsat used the net proceeds from the issuance of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes, together with cash on hand, to redeem all of the outstanding Inmarsat 2026 Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount so redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date, and the indenture governing the Inmarsat 2026 Notes was satisfied and discharged in accordance with its terms. As a result of the redemption of the Inmarsat 2026 Notes, the Company is expected to recognize a loss of approximately $97 million on extinguishment of debt during the third quarter of fiscal year 2025.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results that are subject to the safe harbors created under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industries in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. We use words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” variations of such words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, statements regarding projections of earnings, revenue, costs or other financial items; anticipated growth and trends in our business or key markets; future economic conditions and performance; the development, customer acceptance and anticipated performance of technologies, products or services; the construction, completion, testing, launch, commencement of commercial service, expected performance and benefits of satellites (including future satellites planned or under construction) and the timing thereof; the extent and impact of anomalies on the ViaSat-3 F1 and Inmarsat-6 (I-6) F2 satellites, the anticipated functionality or performance of such satellites and any potential remedial or mitigating measures that may be undertaken or insurance proceeds that may be recoverable in connection therewith; the expected capacity, coverage, service speeds and other features of our satellites, and the cost, economics and other benefits associated therewith; anticipated subscriber growth; plans, objectives and strategies for future operations; international growth opportunities; the number of additional aircraft under existing contracts with commercial airlines anticipated to be put into service with our in-flight connectivity (IFC) systems; and other characterizations of future events or circumstances, are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include: our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of any existing or future satellite; unexpected expenses related to our satellite projects; risks associated with the construction, launch and operation of satellites, including the effect of any anomaly, launch, operational or deployment failure or degradation in satellite performance; capacity constraints in our business in the lead-up to the commencement of service on new satellites; increasing levels of competition in our target markets; our ability to successfully implement our business plan on our anticipated timeline or at all; risks that the Inmarsat Acquisition (as defined below) disrupts current plans and operations or diverts management's attention from our business; the ability to realize anticipated benefits and synergies of the Inmarsat Acquisition and our other acquisitions, including the expectation of enhancements to our products and services, greater revenue or growth opportunities, and the realization of operating efficiencies and cost savings (including the timing and amount thereof); our ability to successfully develop, introduce and sell new technologies, products and services; audits by the U.S. Government; changes in the global business environment and economic conditions; delays in approving U.S. Government budgets and cuts in government defense expenditures; our reliance on U.S. Government contracts, and on a small number of contracts which account for a significant percentage of our revenues; reduced demand for products and services as a result of continued constraints on capital spending by customers; changes in relationships with, or the financial condition of, key customers or suppliers; our reliance on a limited number of third parties to manufacture and supply our products; introduction of new technologies and other factors affecting the communications and defense industries generally; the effect of adverse regulatory changes (including changes affecting spectrum availability or permitted uses) on our ability to sell or deploy our products and services; changes in the way others use spectrum; our inability to access additional spectrum, use spectrum for additional purposes, and/or operate satellites at additional orbital locations; competing uses of the same spectrum or orbital locations that we utilize or seek to utilize; the effect of changes to global tax laws; our level of indebtedness and ability to comply with applicable debt covenants; our involvement in litigation, including intellectual property claims and litigation to protect our proprietary technology; our dependence on a limited number of key employees; and other factors identified under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this report, elsewhere in this report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason.

Company Overview

We are an innovative, global provider of communications technologies and services, focused on making connectivity accessible, available and secure for current and future customers worldwide. Our end-to-end multi-band platform of satellites, ground infrastructure and user terminals enables us to provide a wide array of cost-effective, high-quality broadband, narrowband and other connectivity solutions to aviation, maritime, enterprise, consumer, military and government users around the globe, whether on the ground, in the air or at sea. In addition, our government business includes a portfolio of communications gateways; situational awareness and command and control products and services; satellite communication products and services across various frequency bands; and cybersecurity and information assurance products and services. We believe that our diversification strategy — anchored in a broad portfolio of customer-centric products and services and supported by our fleet of broadband and narrowband satellites — our vertical integration and our ability to effectively cross-deploy technologies between government and commercial applications and segments as well as across different geographic markets, provide us with a strong foundation to sustain and enhance our leadership in advanced communications and networking technologies.

In May 2024, certain organizational changes were made that impacted our internal reporting and reportable segments. Commencing with the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, we conduct our business through two reportable segments: communication services and defense and advanced technologies, which replaced our prior three reportable segments (see Note 11 — Segment Information to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information). This new segment reporting structure better reflects our strategy following the Inmarsat Acquisition, diverse global end markets, and certain organizational changes, that allow us to better assess the operational performance of and allocate resources to our multiple business lines. Viasat, Inc. (Viasat) was incorporated in California in 1986, and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1996.

Inmarsat Acquisition

On May 30, 2023, we completed the acquisition of Connect Topco Limited, a private company limited by shares and incorporated in Guernsey (Inmarsat Holdings and, together with its subsidiaries, Inmarsat, and such acquisition, the Inmarsat Acquisition). The assets and results of operations of Inmarsat are included in our communication services segment for the period following the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition on May 30, 2023.

Communication Services

Our communication services segment provides a wide range of broadband and narrowband communications solutions across government and commercial mobility markets, as well as for fixed and residential broadband customers. In addition, this segment includes the development and sale of a wide array of advanced satellite and wireless products and terminals that support or enable the provision of fixed and mobile broadband and narrowband services. We design, develop and produce space system solutions for multiple orbital regimes, including geostationary earth orbit (GEO), medium earth orbit (MEO) and low earth orbit (LEO).

The following are the primary business lines in our communication services segment:

•

Aviation, which includes industry-leading IFC services and wireless in-flight entertainment (W-IFE) services for commercial aircraft and private jets, narrowband safety services, and complementary aviation software services (such as cockpit, data safety and surveillance). As of September 30, 2024, we had our IFC systems installed and in service on approximately 3,900 commercial aircraft (of which approximately 80 were inactive at quarter end, mostly due to standard aircraft maintenance) and 1,920 private jets with Ka-band communication services. We anticipate that approximately 1,510 additional commercial aircraft will be put into service with our IFC systems under existing customer agreements with commercial airlines. However, due to the nature of commercial airline contracts and other factors such as OEM delays, there can be no assurance that anticipated IFC services will be activated on all such additional commercial aircraft.

•

Government satcom, which includes various broadband and narrowband products and services for both fixed and mobile communications that provide military and government users with secure, high-speed, real-time broadband and multimedia connectivity in key regions of the world, as well as tactical line-of-sight and beyond-line-of-sight communications, Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) services and L-band Advanced Communications Element (LACE) terminals.

•

Maritime, which includes high-quality, resilient satellite-based broadband and narrowband communications services around the globe to commercial shipping fleets, offshore service vessel operators and commercial fishing companies, as well as NexusWave, a fully managed multi-layer connectivity service for merchant shipping companies. As of September 30, 2024, we provided Ka-band communication services to approximately 14,360 vessels.

•

Fixed services and other, which include high-speed, high-quality, reliable fixed broadband internet services to businesses and residential users (primarily in the United States as well as in various countries in Europe and Latin America), enterprise connectivity solutions, Internet-of-Things (IoT) and other narrowband services (such as L-band managed services that enable real-time machine-to-machine (M2M) position or high-value asset tracking), energy services, and prepaid internet services that provide innovative, affordable, satellite-based connectivity in communities that have little or no access to the internet. As of September 30, 2024, our U.S. fixed broadband business had approximately 228,000 subscribers with an average monthly revenue per user of $115.

Defense and Advanced Technologies

Our defense and advanced technologies segment provides a diverse array of resilient, vertically integrated solutions to government and commercial customers, leveraging our core technical competencies in encryption, cyber security, tactical gateways, modems and waveforms.

The following are the primary business lines in our defense and advanced technologies segment:

•

Information security and cyber defense, which comprise a variety of high-quality networking, cybersecurity and information assurance products and services that provide advanced, high-speed IP-based “Type 1” and High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryption (HAIPE®)-compliant encryption solutions that enable military and government users to communicate information securely, and that protect the integrity of data stored on computers and storage devices and include our MOJO expeditionary tactical gateway family of products.

•

Space and mission systems, which includes specialized design and technology services covering all aspects of satellite communication system architecture, networks and technology, including state-of-the-art government satellite communication systems, mobile and fixed broadband modems, ground and airborne terminals, antennas and gateways for terrestrial and satellite customer applications, Ka-band earth stations and other multi-band/multi-function antennas, as well as products designed for manpacks, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, seagoing vessels, ground-mobile vehicles, space-based systems and fixed applications. Space and mission systems also includes the design and development of the architecture of high-capacity Ka-band GEO satellites and the associated satellite payload and antenna technologies (both for our own satellite fleet as well as for third parties), and special purpose LEO and MEO satellites and other small satellite platforms.

•

Tactical networking, including the provision of resilient communications designed for on-the-move or on-the-pause operations in a multi-domain battlespace with friendly force tracking and narrowband solutions. Tactical networking includes the products and services offered by TrellisWare.

•

Advanced technologies and other, which includes commercial communication satellite product development, orchestration of sovereign and multi-orbit solutions, products focused on emerging growth markets (such as direct-to-device) and intellectual property licensing revenues.

Factors and Trends Affecting our Results of Operations

For a summary of factors and trends affecting our results of operations, see Part II, Item 7, "Factors and Trends Affecting our Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024.

Sources of Revenues

Our communication services segment revenues are primarily derived from aviation services (including IFC services), government satcom services, maritime services (including narrowband and safety of communication capabilities), fixed broadband services, and energy services, as well as a wide array of advanced satellite and wireless products, networks and terminal solutions that support or enable the provision of fixed and mobile broadband and narrowband services.

Our defense and advanced technologies segment revenues are primarily derived from our information security and cyber defense, space and mission systems, tactical networking, and advanced technologies and other, products and services, which are provided to government and commercial customers.

Our revenues are primarily derived from two types of contracts: fixed-price and cost-reimbursement contracts. Fixed-price contracts (which require us to provide products and services under a contract at a specified price), comprised approximately 96% of our total revenues for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, and approximately 96% and 95% of our total revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, a majority of which are reported in our communication services segment. The remainder of our revenues for such periods was derived primarily from cost-reimbursement contracts (under which we are reimbursed for all actual costs incurred in performing the contract to the extent such costs are within the contract ceiling and allowable under the terms of the contract, plus a fee or profit), which contracts are mainly reported within our defense and advanced technologies segment.

Historically, a significant portion of our revenues has been derived from customer contracts that include the development of products, mainly reported within the defense and advanced technologies segment. The development efforts are conducted in direct response to the customer’s specific requirements and, accordingly, expenditures related to such efforts are included in cost of sales when incurred and the related funding (which includes a profit component) is included in revenues. See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

To date, our ability to grow and maintain our revenues in each of communication services and defense and advanced technologies segments has depended on our ability to identify and target markets where the customer places a high priority on the technology solution, and our ability to obtain additional sizable contract awards. Due to the nature of this process, it is difficult to predict the probability and timing of obtaining awards in these markets.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We consider the policies discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our financial statements because their application places the most significant demands on management’s judgment, with financial reporting results relying on estimation about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. We describe the specific risks for these critical accounting policies in the following paragraphs. For all of these policies, we caution that future events rarely develop exactly as forecast, and even the best estimates routinely require adjustment.

Revenue recognition

We apply the five-step revenue recognition model under Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (commonly referred to as ASC 606) to our contracts with our customers. Under this model, we (1) identify the contract with the customer, (2) identify our performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price for the contract, (4) allocate the transaction price to our performance obligations and (5) recognize revenue when or as we satisfy our performance obligations. These performance obligations generally include the purchase of services (including broadband capacity and the leasing of broadband equipment), the purchase of products, and the development and delivery of complex equipment built to customer specifications under long-term contracts. Taxes imposed by governmental authorities on our revenues, such as sales taxes and value added taxes, are excluded from net sales.

The timing of satisfaction of performance obligations may require judgment. We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from contracts with customers for services, primarily consisting of connectivity services. These contracts typically require advance or recurring monthly payments by the customer. Our obligation to provide connectivity services is satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. The measure of progress over time is based upon either a period of time (e.g., over the estimated contractual term) or usage (e.g., bandwidth used/bytes of data processed). We evaluate whether broadband equipment provided to our customers as part of the delivery of connectivity services represents a lease in accordance with the authoritative guidance for leases (Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 842). As discussed in Note 1 — Basis of Presentation – Leases to our condensed consolidated financial statements, for broadband equipment leased to customers in conjunction with the delivery of connectivity services, we account for the lease and non-lease components of connectivity service arrangements as a single performance obligation as the connectivity services represent the predominant component.

We also derive a portion of our revenues from contracts with customers to provide products. Performance obligations to provide products are satisfied at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer. These contracts typically require payment by the customer upon passage of control and determining the point at which control is transferred may require judgment. To identify the point at which control is transferred to the customer, we consider indicators that include, but are not limited to, whether (1) we have the present right to payment for the asset, (2) the customer has legal title to the asset, (3) physical possession of the asset has been transferred to the customer, (4) the customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset, and (5) the customer has accepted the asset. For product revenues, control generally passes to the customer upon delivery of goods to the customer.

Our contracts with the U.S. Government typically are subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) and are priced based on estimated or actual costs of producing goods or providing services. The FAR provides guidance on the types of costs that are allowable in establishing prices for goods and services provided under U.S. Government contracts. The pricing for non-U.S. Government contracts is based on the specific negotiations with each customer. Under the typical payment terms of our U.S. Government fixed-price contracts, the customer pays us either performance-based payments (PBPs) or progress payments. PBPs are interim payments based on quantifiable measures of performance or on the achievement of specified events or milestones. Progress payments are interim payments based on a percentage of the costs incurred as the work progresses. Because the customer can often retain a portion of the contract price until completion of the contract, our U.S. Government fixed-price contracts generally result in revenue recognized in excess of billings which we present as unbilled accounts receivable on the balance sheet. Amounts billed and due from our customers are classified as receivables on the balance sheet. The portion of the payments retained by the customer until final contract settlement is not considered a significant financing component because the intent is to protect the customer. For our U.S. Government cost-type contracts, the customer generally pays us for our actual costs incurred within a short period of time. For non-U.S. Government contracts, we typically receive interim payments as work progresses, although for some contracts, we may be entitled to receive an advance payment. We recognize a liability for these advance payments in excess of revenue recognized and present it as collections in excess of revenues and deferred revenues on the balance sheet. An advance payment is not typically considered a significant financing component because it is used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract and to protect us from the other party failing to adequately complete some or all of its obligations under the contract.

Performance obligations related to developing and delivering complex equipment built to customer specifications under long-term contracts are recognized over time as these performance obligations do not create assets with an alternative use to us and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance to date. To measure the transfer of control, revenue is recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. We generally use the cost-to-cost measure of progress for our contracts because that best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Estimating the total costs at completion of a performance obligation requires management to make estimates related to items such as subcontractor performance, material costs and availability, labor costs and productivity and the costs of overhead. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract exceed total estimates of revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the contract is recognized in the period the loss is determined. A one percent variance in our future cost estimates on open fixed-price contracts as of September 30, 2024 would change our income (loss) before income taxes by an insignificant amount.

The evaluation of transaction price, including the amounts allocated to performance obligations, may require significant judgments. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of our performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue, and, where applicable, the cost at completion, is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Our contracts may contain award fees, incentive fees, or other provisions, including the potential for significant financing components, that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. These amounts, which are sometimes variable, can be dictated by performance metrics, program milestones or cost targets, the timing of payments, and customer discretion. We estimate variable consideration at the amount to which we expect to be entitled. We include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. In the event an agreement includes embedded financing components, we recognize interest expense or interest income on the embedded financing components using the effective interest method. This methodology uses an implied interest rate which reflects the incremental borrowing rate which would be expected to be obtained in a separate financing transaction. We have elected the practical expedient not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if we expect, at contract inception, that the period between when we transfer a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

If a contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, the total transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or services underlying each performance obligation. Estimating standalone selling prices may require judgment. When available, we utilize the observable price of a good or service when we sell that good or service separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. If a standalone selling price is not directly observable, we estimate the standalone selling price by considering all information (including market conditions, specific factors, and information about the customer or class of customer) that is reasonably available.

Property, equipment and satellites

Property, equipment and satellites, net includes our owned and leased satellites and the associated earth stations and networking equipment, as well as the customer premise equipment units which are leased to customers as part of our communication services segment.

Satellites and other property and equipment are recorded at cost or in the case of certain satellites and other property acquired, the fair value at the date of acquisition, net of accumulated depreciation. Capitalized satellite costs consist primarily of the costs of satellite construction and launch, including launch insurance and insurance during the period of in-orbit testing, the net present value of performance incentive payments expected to be payable to the satellite manufacturers (dependent on the continued satisfactory performance of the satellites), costs directly associated with the monitoring and support of satellite construction, and interest costs incurred during the period of satellite construction. We also construct earth stations, network operations systems and other assets to support our satellites, and those construction costs, including interest, are capitalized as incurred. At the time satellites are placed in commercial service, we estimate the useful life of our satellites for depreciation purposes based upon an analysis of each satellite’s performance against the original manufacturer’s orbital design life, estimated fuel levels and related consumption rates, as well as historical satellite operating trends. We periodically review the remaining estimated useful life of our satellites to determine if revisions to the estimated useful lives are necessary.

Leases

In accordance with ASC 842, we assess at contract inception whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. Generally, we determine that a lease exists when (1) the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (2) we obtain the right to substantially all economic benefits from use of the asset, and (3) we have the right to direct the use of the asset. A lease is classified as a finance lease when one or more of the following criteria are met: (1) the lease transfers ownership of the asset by the end of the lease term, (2) the lease contains an option to purchase the asset that is reasonably certain to be exercised, (3) the lease term is for a major part of the remaining useful life of the asset, (4) the present value of the lease payments equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the asset or (5) the asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term. A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not meet any of these criteria.

At the lease commencement date, we recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases, except short-term leases with an original term of 12 months or less. The right-of-use asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which primarily comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, less any lease incentives received. All right-of-use assets are periodically reviewed for impairment in accordance with standards that apply to long-lived assets. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, discounted using an estimate of our incremental borrowing rate for a collateralized loan with the same term as the underlying leases.

Lease payments included in the measurement of lease liabilities consist of (1) fixed lease payments for the noncancelable lease term, (2) fixed lease payments for optional renewal periods where it is reasonably certain the renewal option will be exercised, and (3) variable lease payments that depend on an underlying index or rate, based on the index or rate in effect at lease commencement. Certain of our real estate lease agreements require variable lease payments that do not depend on an underlying index or rate established at lease commencement. Such payments and changes in payments based on a rate or index are recognized in operating expenses when incurred.

For broadband equipment leased to customers in conjunction with the delivery of connectivity services, we have made an accounting policy election not to separate the broadband equipment from the related connectivity services. The connectivity services are the predominant component of these arrangements. The connectivity services are accounted for in accordance ASC 606. We are also a lessor for certain insignificant communications equipment. These leases meet the criteria for operating lease classification. Lease income associated with these leases is not material.

Business combinations

The purchase price for business combinations is allocated to the estimated fair values of acquired tangible and intangible assets, and assumed liabilities, where applicable. Additionally, we recognize technology, contracts and customer relationships, orbital slots and spectrum assets, trade names and other as identifiable intangible assets, which are recorded at fair value as of the transaction date. Goodwill is recorded when consideration transferred exceeds the fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities. Measurement-period adjustments to assets acquired and liabilities assumed with a corresponding offset to goodwill are recorded in the period they occur, which may include up to one year from the acquisition date. Contingent consideration is recorded at fair value at the acquisition date.

Impairment of long-lived and other long-term assets (property, equipment and satellites, and other assets, including goodwill)

In accordance with the authoritative guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets (ASC 360), we assess potential impairments to our long-lived assets, including property, equipment and satellites and other assets, when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. We recognize an impairment loss when the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset (or group of assets) are less than the asset’s carrying value. Any required impairment loss would be measured as the amount by which the asset’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, and would be recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the related asset and charged to results of operations. Except for the impairment related to certain of our satellites under construction and satellite programs (discussed in Note 1 — Basis of Presentation – Property, equipment and satellites above), no material impairments were recorded for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

We account for our goodwill under the authoritative guidance for goodwill and other intangible assets (ASC 350). Current authoritative guidance allows us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If, after completing the qualitative assessment, we determine that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value is greater than the carrying value, we conclude that no impairment exists. Alternatively, if we determine in the qualitative assessment that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying value, then we perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test to identify both the existence of an impairment and the amount of impairment loss, by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, then a goodwill impairment charge will be recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We test goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter every fiscal year and when an event occurs or circumstances change such that it is reasonably possible that an impairment may exist.

In accordance with ASC 350, we assess qualitative factors to determine whether goodwill is impaired. The qualitative analysis includes assessing the impact of changes in certain factors including: (1) changes in forecasted operating results and comparing actual results to projections, (2) changes in the industry or our competitive environment since the acquisition date, (3) changes in the overall economy, our market share and market interest rates since the acquisition date, (4) trends in the stock price and related market capitalization and enterprise values, (5) trends in peer companies’ total enterprise value metrics, and (6) additional factors such as management turnover, changes in regulation and changes in litigation matters.

Based on our qualitative assessment performed during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2024, we concluded that it was more likely than not that the estimated fair value of each of our reporting units exceeded their related carrying value as of March 31, 2024.

Income taxes and valuation allowance on deferred tax assets

Management evaluates the realizability of our deferred tax assets and assesses the need for a valuation allowance on a quarterly basis to determine if the weight of available evidence suggests that an additional valuation allowance is needed. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income taxes (ASC 740), net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on all the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In the event that our estimate of taxable income is less than that required to utilize the full amount of any deferred tax asset, a valuation allowance is established, which would cause a decrease to income in the period such determination is made.

Our analysis of the need for a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets considered historical as well as forecasted future operating results, the reversal of temporary differences, taxable income in prior carryback years (if permitted), and the availability of tax planning strategies. Additionally, in our analysis, we also considered the fact that ASC 740 places more weight on the objectively verifiable evidence of current pre-tax losses and recent events than forecasts of future profitability.

Accruals for uncertain tax positions are provided for in accordance with ASC 740. Under the authoritative guidance, we may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The authoritative guidance addresses the derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and income tax disclosures.

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. In the ordinary course of business, there are calculations and transactions where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. In addition, changes in tax laws and regulations as well as adverse judicial rulings could adversely affect the income tax provision. We believe we have adequately provided for income tax issues not yet resolved with federal, state and foreign tax authorities. However, if these provided amounts prove to be more than what is necessary, the reversal of the reserves would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period in which we determine that provision for the liabilities is no longer necessary. If an ultimate tax assessment exceeds our estimate of tax liabilities, an additional charge to expense would result.

Results of Operations

The following table presents, as a percentage of total revenues, income statement data for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023
Revenues:		100	%		100	%		100	%		100	%
Product revenues		29			33			28			32
Service revenues		71			67			72			68
Operating expenses:
Cost of product revenues		22			21			19			22
Cost of service revenues		47			42			47			43
Selling, general and administrative		24			94			23			68
Independent research and development		3			3			3			3
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		6			7			6			5
Income (loss) from operations		(2	)		(66	)		2			(42	)
Interest (expense) income, net		(8	)		(4	)		(8	)		(5	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		(11	)		(70	)		(6	)		(47	)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes		(1	)		8			—			5
Net income (loss)		(11	)		(62	)		(6	)		(42	)
Net income (loss) attributable to Viasat, Inc.		(12	)		(63	)		(8	)		(42	)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 vs. Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

Revenues


	Three Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Product revenues	$	323.9	$	401.7	$	(77.8	)		(19	)%
Service revenues		798.3		823.7		(25.4	)		(3	)%
Total revenues	$	1,122.3	$	1,225.4	$	(103.2	)		(8	)%

Our total revenues decreased by $103.2 million as a result of a $77.8 million decrease in product revenues and a $25.4 million decrease in service revenues. The decrease in product revenues was driven primarily by a $80.5 million decrease in our defense and advanced technologies segment (primarily the result of $95.0 million in non-recurring catch-up contributions from certain licensing agreements in advanced technologies and other received in the prior year period (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information)), partially offset by a $2.7 million increase in our communication services segment. The decrease in service revenues was driven by decreases of $22.9 million in our communication services segment and $2.5 million in our defense and advanced technologies segment.

Cost of revenues


	Three Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Cost of product revenues	$	243.5	$	254.0	$	(10.5	)		(4	)%
Cost of service revenues		531.6		512.3		19.3			4	%
Total cost of revenues	$	775.1	$	766.3	$	8.8			1	%

Cost of revenues increased by $8.8 million due to an increase of $19.3 million in cost of service revenues, partially offset by a $10.5 million decrease in cost of product revenues. The increase in cost of service revenues was primarily driven by lower margins, primarily in our communication services segment. The increase in cost of service revenues was partially offset by a decrease of $15.8 million as a result of lower service revenues, primarily reflected in our communication services segment. The decrease in cost of product revenues was primarily driven by higher margins, primarily in our defense and advanced technologies segment prior to the effects of certain intellectual property royalty and licensing revenues that had relatively low costs of product revenues (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information). The decrease in cost of product revenues was partially offset by an increase in cost of product revenues of $18.6 million on a constant margin basis, due to increased product revenues mainly in our defense and advanced technologies segment.

Selling, general and administrative expenses


	Three Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative	$	272.4	$	1,149.0	$	(876.5	)		(76	)%

The $876.5 million decrease in selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses was primarily driven by a net loss of $900.0 million related to satellite impairment, including liabilities associated with the termination of certain subcontractor agreements, net of estimated insurance claim receivables recorded in our communication services segment in the prior year period. The decrease in SG&A expenses was also due to lower selling costs of $8.9 million, mostly reflected in our communication services segment. The decrease in SG&A expenses was partially offset by an increase in support costs of $32.0 million, primarily reflected in our communications service segment. SG&A expenses are comprised primarily of personnel costs and expenses for business development, marketing and sales, bid and proposal, acquisition and transaction related expenses, facilities, finance, contract administration and general management.

Independent research and development


	Three Months Ended				Dollar		Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease)
Independent research and development	$	33.4	$	33.4	$	—		—	%

Independent research and development (IR&D) expenses were flat year-over-year as a result of a $3.0 million decrease in our communication services segment (primarily related to next-generation satellite payload technologies), partially offset by a $3.0 million increase in our defense and advanced technologies segment (primarily related to advanced technologies and other).

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

We amortize our acquired intangible assets from prior acquisitions over their estimated useful lives, which range from two to 20 years. The $15.4 million decrease in amortization of acquired intangible assets in the second quarter of fiscal year 2025 compared to the prior year period was primarily related to the final valuation of certain acquired intangible assets completed in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, within one year of the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition as additional information was obtained.

Interest income

The $8.6 million decrease in interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period was primarily due to lower interest earned on cash invested in money market accounts as well as a result of interest income from a litigation settlement in the prior year period (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information).

Interest expense

The $29.2 million increase in interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period was primarily attributable to a decrease in the amount of interest capitalized in the current year period.

Income taxes

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded an income tax provision of $5.9 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of negative 5%. The effective tax rate for the period differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to a U.S. valuation allowance and foreign tax rate differences. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an income tax benefit of $93.1 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 11%. The effective tax rate for the period differed from the U.S statutory rate primarily due to a valuation allowance recorded against our U.S. net deferred tax assets.

Segment Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 vs. Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

Communication services segment

Revenues


	Three Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Segment product revenues	$	78.5	$	75.8	$	2.7			4	%
Segment service revenues		747.9		770.8		(22.9	)		(3	)%
Total segment revenues	$	826.4	$	846.6	$	(20.2	)		(2	)%

Our communication services segment revenues decreased by $20.2 million due to a $22.9 million decrease in service revenues, partially offset by a $2.7 million increase in product revenues. The decrease in segment service revenues was primarily due to a $61.6 million decrease in fixed services and other (primarily related to fixed broadband services) and a $9.2 million decrease in maritime services. The decrease in segment service revenues was partially offset by a $37.9 million increase in aviation services and a $10.0 million increase in government satcom services. We continue to allocate a greater proportion of our bandwidth to our IFC business in preference to our U.S. fixed services business due to bandwidth constraints. The increase in segment product revenues was primarily due to a $10.4 million increase in fixed services and other products, mainly driven by enterprise and energy, partially offset by decreases of $3.6 million in government satcom products and $3.4 million in aviation products.

Segment operating profit (loss)


	Three Months Ended						Dollar		Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			(Increase) Decrease		(Increase) Decrease
Segment operating profit (loss)	$	(0.5	)	$	(831.2	)	$	830.7		100	%
Percentage of segment revenues		(—	)%		(98	)%

The decrease in our communication services segment operating loss was primarily due to lower SG&A costs related to the recording of satellite impairment and related charges, net of estimated insurance claim receivables of approximately $900.0 million in the prior year period, as described above, and by lower IR&D expenses of $3.0 million (primarily related to next-generation satellite payload technologies), partially offset by lower earnings contributions of $44.9 million and a $27.4 million increase in SG&A expenses (mostly related to support costs).

Defense and advanced technologies segment

Revenues


	Three Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Segment product revenues	$	245.5	$	325.9	$	(80.5	)		(25	)%
Segment service revenues		50.4		52.9		(2.5	)		(5	)%
Total segment revenues	$	295.9	$	378.9	$	(83.0	)		(22	)%

Our defense and advanced technologies segment revenues decreased by $83.0 million due to a $80.5 million decrease in product revenues and a $2.5 million decrease in service revenues. The decrease in product revenues was primarily the result of $95.0 million in non-recurring catch-up contributions from certain licensing agreements in advanced technologies and other received in the prior year period (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information). The decrease in product revenues was also driven by a $13.5 million decrease in space and mission systems, mostly related to antenna systems products. The decrease in product revenues was partially offset by a $37.6 million increase in tactical networking products, mostly related to an increase in tactical terrestrial networking products. The decrease in service revenues was primarily driven by a $1.6 million decrease in tactical networking services.

Segment operating profit (loss)


	Three Months Ended						Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Segment operating profit (loss)	$	41.8		$	107.9		$	(66.1	)		(61	)%
Percentage of segment revenues		14	%		28	%

The decrease in our defense and advanced technologies segment operating profit was primarily due to lower earnings contributions of $67.1 million, mainly due to a decrease in product revenue contribution from certain licensing agreements in the current year period, partially offset by an increase in tactical networking product revenues, as described above. Additionally, the decrease in operating profit was impacted by a $3.0 million increase in IR&D expenses (primarily related to other advanced technologies).

Six Months Ended September 30, 2024 vs. Six Months Ended September 30, 2023

Revenues


	Six Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Product revenues	$	629.7	$	638.1	$	(8.4	)		(1	)%
Service revenues		1,619.0		1,367.1		251.9			18	%
Total revenues	$	2,248.7	$	2,005.2	$	243.5			12	%

Our total revenues increased by $243.5 million as a result of a $251.9 million increase in service revenues, partially offset by a $8.4 million decrease in product revenues. The increase in segment service revenues was due to a $250.0 million increase in our communication services segment and a $2.0 million increase in our defense and advanced technologies segment. The decrease in product revenues was primarily due to a $4.8 million decrease in our defense and advanced technologies segment and a $3.6 million decrease in our communication services segment.

Cost of revenues


	Six Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Cost of product revenues	$	437.6	$	451.1	$	(13.5	)		(3	)%
Cost of service revenues		1,048.3		860.1		188.2			22	%
Total cost of revenues	$	1,485.9	$	1,311.2	$	174.7			13	%

Cost of revenues increased by $174.7 million due to a $188.2 million increase in cost of service revenues, partially offset by a $13.5 million decrease in cost of product revenues. The increase in cost of service revenues was primarily due to increased service revenues, mainly in our communication services segment, resulting in a $158.5 million increase in cost of service revenues on a constant margin basis. The cost of service revenues further increased due to lower margins, primarily reflected in our communication services segment. The higher cost of product revenues decrease relative to the product revenue decrease was primarily due to the mix of our product revenues. In the prior year period, we had a higher percent of intellectual property royalty and licensing revenues that had relatively low costs of product revenues (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information).

Selling, general and administrative expenses


	Six Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative	$	523.6	$	1,368.6	$	(845.0	)		(62	)%

The $845.0 million decrease in SG&A expenses was driven primarily due to a net loss of $900.0 million related to satellite impairment, including liabilities associated with the termination of certain subcontractor agreements, net of estimated insurance claim receivables recorded in our communication services segment in the prior year period. The decrease in SG&A expenses was further driven by lower selling costs of $4.2 million, primarily reflected in our defense and advanced technologies segment. The decrease was partially offset by higher support costs of $58.8 million, primarily reflected in our communication services segment.

Independent research and development


	Six Months Ended				Dollar		Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease)
Independent research and development	$	72.0	$	62.4	$	9.5		15	%

The $9.5 million increase in IR&D expenses was mainly due to increases of $6.6 million in our defense and advanced technologies segment (primarily related to tactical terrestrial networking and other advanced technologies) and $3.0 million in our communication services segment (primarily related to our mobile broadband satellite communication systems for commercial airline platforms and other communication services).The increase in our communication services segment was partially offset by a decrease in IR&D expenses related to next-generation satellite payload technologies and the development of next-generation dual band mobility solutions.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

We amortize our acquired intangible assets from prior acquisitions over their estimated useful lives, which range from two to 20 years. The $23.1 million increase in amortization of acquired intangible assets in the first six months of fiscal year 2025 compared to the prior year period was primarily due to two full quarters of amortization of acquired intangibles assets from the Inmarsat Acquisition in May 2023, compared to only four months in the prior year period. The increase in amortization of acquired intangible assets was partially offset by the final valuation of certain acquired intangible assets completed in the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, within one year of the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition as additional information was obtained.

Interest income

The $5.0 million decrease in interest income for the six months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period was primarily due to lower interest earned on cash invested in money market accounts as well as a result of interest income received from a litigation settlement in the prior year period (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information). The decrease in interest income was partially offset by higher interest earned on cash acquired as part of the Inmarsat Acquisition.

Interest expense

The $79.0 million increase in interest expense for the six months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period was primarily the result of the effects of increased interest expense arising from our increased level of indebtedness following the closing of the Inmarsat Acquisition in May 2023.

Income taxes

For the six months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded an income tax provision of $7.1 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of negative 5%. The effective tax rate for the period differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to a U.S. valuation allowance and foreign tax rate differences. For the six months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded an income tax benefit of $93.6 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 10%. The effective tax rate for the period differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to a valuation allowance recorded against our U.S. net deferred tax assets.

Segment Results for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2024 vs. Six Months Ended September 30, 2023

Communication services segment

Revenues


	Six Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Segment product revenues	$	138.7	$	142.3	$	(3.6	)		(3	)%
Segment service revenues		1,514.5		1,264.5		250.0			20	%
Total segment revenues	$	1,653.2	$	1,406.8	$	246.4			18	%

Our communication services segment revenues increased by $246.4 million due to a $250.0 million increase in service revenues, partially offset by a $3.6 million decrease in product revenues. The increase in segment service revenues was primarily due to the Inmarsat Acquisition in May 2023. The Inmarsat Acquisition contributed approximately $307.6 million to the increase in service revenues in our communication services segment, as a result of two full quarters of contribution compared to only four months in the prior year period. The inclusion of two full quarters from Inmarsat and growth in our aviation services were partially offset by an expected decrease in revenues from fixed services and other as we continued to allocate a greater proportion of our bandwidth to our IFC business in preference to our U.S. fixed services business due to bandwidth constraints. The decrease in segment product revenues was primarily driven by a $14.2 million decrease in aviation products, partially offset by a $13.6 million increase in fixed and other products, mainly driven by enterprise and energy.

Segment operating profit (loss)


	Six Months Ended						Dollar		Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease)
Segment operating profit (loss)	$	41.5		$	(841.1	)	$	882.6		105	%
Percentage of segment revenues		3	%		(60	)%

The change in our communication services segment operating loss to an operating profit was primarily due to the recording of satellite impairment and related charges, net of estimated insurance claim receivables of approximately $900.0 million in the prior year period, as described above, as well as higher earnings contributions of $47.3 million, mainly due to an increase in service revenues as a result of the Inmarsat Acquisition and improved margins in our aviation services as they continued to scale. The change in our communication services segment operating loss to an operating profit was partially offset by an increase of $61.7 million in SG&A expenses (reflecting the inclusion of two full quarters of Inmarsat SG&A costs in the current year period compared to only four months of SG&A costs in the prior year period) and a $3.0 million increase in IR&D expenses (primarily related to our mobile broadband satellite communication systems for commercial airline platforms and other communication services), as noted above.

Defense and advanced technologies segment

Revenues


	Six Months Ended				Dollar			Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024		September 30, 2023		Increase (Decrease)			Increase (Decrease)
Segment product revenues	$	491.0	$	495.8	$	(4.8	)		(1	)%
Segment service revenues		104.5		102.6		2.0			2	%
Total segment revenues	$	595.6	$	598.4	$	(2.8	)		—	%

Our defense and advanced technologies segment revenues decreased by $2.8 million due to a $4.8 million decrease in product revenues, partially offset by a $2.0 million increase in service revenues. The decrease in segment product revenues was primarily the result of lower contributions from certain licensing agreements in advanced technologies and other in the current year period (see Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information). The decrease in segment product revenues was also due to a $12.6 million decrease in space and mission systems, partially offset by a $71.6 million increase in tactical networking products, mostly related to an increase in tactical terrestrial networking products. The increase in service revenues was driven by a $2.8 million increase in tactical networking products.

Segment operating profit (loss)


	Six Months Ended						Dollar		Percentage
(In millions, except percentages)	September 30, 2024			September 30, 2023			Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease)
Segment operating profit (loss)	$	125.8		$	104.1		$	21.7		21	%
Percentage of segment revenues		21	%		17	%

The increase in our defense and advanced technologies segment operating profit was primarily due to higher earnings contributions of $21.5 million, primarily driven by increased revenues and improved margins in tactical terrestrial networking products, as well as lower SG&A costs of $6.7 million. The increase in operating profit was partially offset by a $6.6 million increase in IR&D expenses (primarily related to tactical terrestrial networking and other advanced technologies products).

Backlog

Our firm and funded backlog as of September 30, 2024 is reflected in the table below.


	As of September 30, 2024
	(In millions)
Firm backlog
Communication services	$	2,826.1
Defense and advanced technologies		920.8
Total	$	3,746.9
Funded backlog
Communication services	$	2,814.6
Defense and advanced technologies		795.4
Total	$	3,610.0

The firm backlog does not include contract options. As of September 30, 2024, a little less than half of the firm backlog is expected to be delivered during the next 12 months, with the balance delivered thereafter. We include in our backlog only those orders for which we have accepted purchase orders, and not anticipated purchase orders and requests. In our communication services segment, our backlog includes fixed broadband service revenues under our subscriber agreements, but does not include future recurring IFC service revenues under our agreements with commercial airlines. As of September 30, 2024, our IFC systems were installed and in service on approximately 3,900 commercial aircraft (of which approximately 80 were inactive at quarter end, mostly due to standard aircraft maintenance). We anticipate that approximately 1,510 additional commercial aircraft will be put into service with our IFC systems under existing customer agreements with commercial airlines. Due to the nature of commercial airline contracts and other factors such as OEM delays, there can be no assurance that all anticipated purchase orders and requests will be placed or that anticipated IFC services will be activated on all such additional commercial aircraft.

Our total new awards which exclude future revenue under recurring consumer commitment arrangements were approximately $1.3 billion and $2.4 billion for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to approximately $1.0 billion and $1.8 billion for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Backlog is not necessarily indicative of future sales. A majority of our contracts can be terminated at the convenience of the customer. Orders are often made substantially in advance of delivery, and our contracts typically provide that orders may be terminated with limited or no penalties. In addition, purchase orders may present product specifications that would require us to complete additional product development. A failure to develop products meeting such specifications could lead to a termination of the related contract.

Firm backlog amounts are comprised of funded and unfunded components. Funded backlog represents the sum of contract amounts for which funds have been specifically obligated by customers to contracts. Unfunded backlog represents future amounts that customers may obligate over the specified contract performance periods. Our customers allocate funds for expenditures on long-term contracts on a periodic basis. Our ability to realize revenues from contracts in backlog is dependent upon adequate funding for such contracts. Although we do not control the funding of our contracts, our experience indicates that actual contract funding has ultimately been approximately equal to the aggregate amounts of the contracts.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We have financed our operations to date primarily with cash flows from operations, bank line of credit financing, debt financing, export credit agency financing and equity financing. At September 30, 2024, we had $3.5 billion in cash and cash equivalents (which included $1.94 billion in net cash proceeds from the issuance of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes, which was used, together with cash on hand, to redeem all of the outstanding Inmarsat 2026 Notes subsequent to quarter end), $1.5 billion in working capital, no outstanding borrowings and borrowing availability of $588.2 million under our $647.5 million revolving credit facility (the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility), and no outstanding borrowings and borrowing availability of $550.0 million under Inmarsat's $550.0 million revolving line of credit (the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility, and together with the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility, the Revolving Credit Facilities). At March 31, 2024, we had $1.9 billion in cash and cash equivalents, $2.2 billion in working capital, no outstanding borrowings and borrowing availability of $591.5 million under the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility, and no outstanding borrowings and borrowing availability of $550.0 million under the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility. We invest our cash in excess of current operating requirements in short-term, highly liquid bank money market funds primarily investing in U.S. government-backed securities and treasuries.

The general cash needs of our segments can vary significantly and our future capital requirements will depend upon many factors, including cash required for our satellite projects and any future broadband satellite projects we may engage in, expansion of our IR&D and marketing efforts, and the nature and timing of orders. In particular:

•

The cash needs of our communication services segment tend to be driven by the timing and amount of capital expenditures (e.g., payments under satellite construction and launch contracts and investments in ground infrastructure roll-out), IR&D expenditures, investments in joint ventures, strategic partnering arrangements, network expansion activities, investments to obtain Supplemental Type Certificates to enable the retrofit installation of our IFC and W-IFE equipment and investments in platforms and software to support services and entry into new markets, as well as the quality of customer, type of contract, mix of contracts in backlog and payment terms, and timing and amount of recoveries under satellite insurance claims.

•

In our defense and advanced technologies segment, the primary factors determining cash needs tend to be the type and mix of contracts in backlog (e.g., product or service, development or production) and timing of payments (including restrictions on the timing of cash payments under U.S. Government procurement regulations), contract duration and program performance. For example, if a program is performing well and meeting its contractual requirements, then its cash flow requirements are usually lower.

Additionally, from time to time, we evaluate possible acquisitions of, or investments in complementary businesses, products and technologies which may require the use of cash or additional financing.

To further enhance our liquidity position or to finance the construction and launch of future satellites, acquisitions, strategic partnering arrangements, joint ventures or other business investment initiatives, we may obtain additional financing, which could consist of debt, convertible debt or equity financing from public and/or private credit and capital markets. From time to time, we file universal shelf registration statements with the SEC for the future sale of an unlimited amount of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, depositary shares and warrants, which securities may be offered from time to time, separately or together, directly by us, by selling security holders, or through underwriters, dealers or agents at amounts, prices, interest rates and other terms to be determined at the time of the offering. Additionally, we consider strategic divestitures from time to time, such as the sale of our Link-16 tactical data link business that was completed in January 2023 for approximately $1.96 billion in cash, as well as divestitures of non-core assets or businesses.

We may, from time to time, seek to retire, prepay or repurchase our outstanding debt (including some or all of the remaining 2025 Notes) through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity or debt, in open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will be upon such terms and at such prices as we may determine, and will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2025, we repurchased $359.2 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding notes in open market transactions, consisting of approximately $101.7 million of Inmarsat 2026 Notes and $257.5 million of 2025 Notes. As a result, we recorded a loss of approximately $3.2 million, net on extinguishment of debt in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations, mainly related to the repurchase of Inmarsat 2026 Notes. If any of the 2025 Notes are not repurchased, we intend to redeem the remaining 2025 Notes at maturity. Although we can give no assurances concerning our future liquidity, we believe that we have adequate sources of funding to meet our anticipated operating requirements for the next 12 months, which include, but are not limited to, cash on hand, borrowing capacity, and cash expected to be provided by operating activities.

Cash flows

Cash provided by operating activities for the first six months of fiscal year 2025 was $390.3 million compared to $322.6 million in the prior year period. This $67.6 million increase was driven by our operating results (net income (loss) adjusted for depreciation, amortization and other non-cash charges) which resulted in $190.3 million of higher cash provided by operating activities year-over-year, partially offset by a $122.7 million year-over-year increase in cash used to fund net operating assets. The increase in cash used to fund net operating assets during the first six months of fiscal year 2025 when compared to the prior year period was primarily due to the increase in cash tax payments related to foreign subsidiaries and the timing of payments related to our accounts payable. Cash paid for income taxes, net, during the first six months of fiscal year 2025 and 2024 were $125.9 million and $58.4 million, respectively. Cash paid for interest (net of amounts capitalized) during the first six months of fiscal year 2025 and 2024 were $170.4 million and $82.7 million, respectively.

Cash used in investing activities for the first six months of fiscal year 2025 was approximately $332.3 million compared to $1.0 billion in the prior year period. This $668.7 million decrease in cash used in investing activities year-over-year reflects $342.6 million in cash (net of cash acquired) used for the Inmarsat Acquisition in the first quarter of fiscal year 2024, $197.5 million of cash receipts related to satellite insurance claim proceeds received during the first six months of fiscal year 2025, and a year-over-year decrease in cash used for capital expenditures of approximately $210.8 million.

Cash provided by financing activities for the first six months of fiscal year 2025 was approximately $1.6 billion compared to $1.3 billion for the prior year period. This $300.5 million increase in cash provided by financing activities year-over-year was primarily due to an increase in proceeds from debt borrowings of approximately $640.3 million, partially offset by an increase in debt repayments of approximately $355.5 million. See Note 7 — Senior Notes and Other Long-Term Debt for further information.

Satellite-related activities

Our complementary fleet of 21 in service or operational satellites spans the Ka-, L- and S- bands, with 11 Ka-band satellites, eight high-availability L-band satellites (three of which are contingency L-band satellites that are operational but not currently in commercial service), an S-band satellite that supports the European Aviation Network to provide IFC services to commercial airlines in Europe, and an I-6 class hybrid Ka-/L-band satellite (the I-6 F1 satellite). In late July 2024, the ViaSat-3 F1 satellite completed in-orbit testing and was integrated into our existing satellite fleet covering the Americas. In August 2024, we launched two Ka-band highly-elliptical earth orbit satellite payloads intended to provide polar coverage (the Inmarsat GX 10A and GX 10B satellites). Furthermore, we have eight additional GEO satellites under development: two additional high-capacity Ka-band GEO satellites (ViaSat-3 F2 and ViaSat-3 F3), three additional adaptive Ka-band GEO satellites (GX 7, GX 8 and GX 9) and three Inmarsat-8 L-band GEO safety service satellites. Our extensive satellite fleet enables us to provide a wide array of high-quality broadband and narrowband services with near global coverage (including strong oceanic coverage) with greater redundancy and resiliency.

We launched the first of our third-generation ViaSat-3 class satellites, ViaSat-3 F1, into orbit on April 30, 2023. On July 12, 2023, we reported a reflector deployment issue that materially impacted the performance of the ViaSat-3 F1 satellite, and on August 24, 2023, we reported the I-6 F2 satellite suffered a power subsystem anomaly during its orbit raising phase, and concluded that the satellite would not operate as intended (see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation – Property, equipment and satellites to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information).

We expect to continue to invest in IR&D as we continue our focus on leadership and innovation in satellite and space technologies, including for the development of any new generation satellite designs and next-generation satellite network solutions. The level of our investment in a given fiscal year will depend on a variety of factors, including the stage of development of our satellite projects, new market opportunities and our overall operating performance.

As we continue to build and expand our global network and satellite fleet, from time to time we enter into satellite construction agreements for the construction and purchase of additional satellites and (depending on the satellite design) the integration of our payload and technologies into the satellites. See Note 14 — Commitments to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024 for information regarding our future minimum payments under our satellite construction contracts and other satellite-related purchase commitments (including satellite performance incentive obligations) for the next five fiscal years and thereafter, as well as purchase commitments including satellite-related agreements under the contractual obligations table below. The total project cost to bring a new satellite into service will depend, among other things, on the scope and timing of the earth station infrastructure roll-out and the method used to procure fiber or other access to the earth station infrastructure. Our total cash funding of a satellite project may be reduced through third-party agreements, such as potential joint service offerings and other strategic partnering arrangements.

In connection with the launch of any new satellite and the commencement of commercial service on the satellite, we expect to incur additional operating costs that negatively impact our financial results. For example, when ViaSat-2 was placed in commercial service in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018, this resulted in additional operating costs during the ramp-up period prior to service launch and in the fiscal year following service launch. These increased operating costs included depreciation, amortization of capitalized software development, earth station connectivity, marketing and advertising costs, logistics, customer care and various support systems. In addition, interest expense increased during fiscal year 2019 as we no longer capitalized the interest expense relating to the debt incurred for the construction of ViaSat-2 and the related gateway and networking equipment once the satellite was in commercial service. As services using the new satellite scaled, however, our revenue base for broadband services expanded and we gained operating cost efficiencies, which together yielded incremental segment earnings contributions. We anticipate that we will incur a similar cycle of increased operating costs and constrained bandwidth supply as we prepare for and launch commercial services on future satellites, including our ViaSat-3 constellation, followed by increases in revenue base and in scale. However, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in significantly increasing revenues or achieving or maintaining operating profit in our communication services segment, and any such gains may also be offset by investments in our global business. In addition, we may experience capacity constraints on our existing satellites in the lead-up to the commencement of commercial service on new satellites, such as the capacity constraints we have been experiencing since fiscal year 2023 pending our ViaSat-3 constellation entering commercial service.

Long-term debt

As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate principal amount of our total outstanding indebtedness was $9.1 billion, which was comprised of (1) $442.6 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 5.625% Senior Notes due 2025, $600.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 5.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2027, $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 6.500% Senior Notes due 2028, $1.975 billion in aggregate principal amount of Inmarsat's 9.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 (the Inmarsat 2029 Notes), $733.4 million in aggregate principal amount of Viasat's 7.500% Senior Notes due 2031 and $1.97 billion in aggregate principal amount of Inmarsat's 6.750% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 (which were redeemed in full with the net proceeds of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes subsequent to quarter end), (2) $686.0 million in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under Viasat's $700.0 million senior secured term loan facility (the 2022 Term Loan Facility), $610.5 million in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under Viasat's $616.7 million senior secured term loan facility (the 2023 Term Loan Facility), $1.6 billion in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under Inmarsat's $1.6 billion senior secured term loan facilities (the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities), no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facilities, and $29.5 million in principal amount of outstanding borrowings under Viasat's direct loan facility with the Export-Import Bank of the United States (the Ex-Im Credit Facility), and (3) $20.8 million of finance lease obligations. For information regarding our outstanding indebtedness, refer to Note 7 — Senior Notes and Other Long-Term Debt to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Capital Expenditures and IR&D Investments

For a discussion of our capital expenditures and IR&D investments, see Part II, Item 7, “Liquidity and Capital Resources — Capital Expenditures and IR&D Investments” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024, as well as Note 4 — Acquisition, related to the Inmarsat Acquisition, and Note 1 — Basis of Presentation — Property, equipment and satellites, related to satellite impairment, to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information.

Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth a summary of certain material cash requirements for known contractual obligations and commitments at September 30, 2024:


(In thousands, including interest where applicable)	Next 12 months		Thereafter
Operating leases	$	98,620	$	580,666
Senior notes and other long-term debt (1)(2)		3,149,847		9,070,437
Purchase commitments including satellite-related agreements		1,062,873		1,005,445
Total	$	4,311,340	$	10,656,548

(1)

To the extent that the interest rate on any long-term debt is variable, amounts reflected represent estimated interest payments on the applicable current outstanding balance based on the interest rate at September 30, 2024 until the applicable maturity date, net of interest rate cap contracts (maturing in February 2025) set up to hedge the variable interest rates under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities. The interest rate cap contracts provide protection from Compound SOFR rates over 2% and covered the total nominal amount of the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities of $1.6 billion.

(2)

Includes the Inmarsat 2026 Notes, which were redeemed in full with the net proceeds of the Inmarsat 2029 Notes on October 1, 2024, subsequent to quarter end.

We purchase components from a variety of suppliers and use several subcontractors and contract manufacturers to provide design and manufacturing services for our products. During the normal course of business, we enter into agreements with subcontractors, contract manufacturers and suppliers that either allow them to procure inventory based upon criteria defined by us or that establish the parameters defining our requirements. We also enter into agreements and purchase commitments with suppliers for the construction, launch, and operation of our satellites. In certain instances, these agreements allow us the option to cancel, reschedule and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed. Consequently, only a portion of our reported purchase commitments arising from these agreements are firm, non-cancelable and unconditional commitments. We may also cancel, reschedule or adjust our requirements based on business needs after firm orders are placed at a cost, which may be material.

Our condensed consolidated balance sheets included $2.4 billion and $2.5 billion of “other liabilities” as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively, which primarily consisted of deferred income taxes and the long-term portion of deferred revenues. These remaining liabilities have been excluded from the above table as the timing and/or the amount of any cash payment is uncertain.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements at September 30, 2024 as defined in Regulation S-K Item 303(b) other than as discussed under “Contractual Obligations” above or disclosed in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report or in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024.

Recent Authoritative Guidance

For information regarding recently adopted and issued accounting pronouncements, see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term and long-term obligations (including Viasat’s and Inmarsat’s senior secured credit facilities (collectively, the Credit Facilities) and our senior unsecured and senior secured notes (collectively, the Notes)), and interest rate cap contracts. We consider investments in highly liquid instruments purchased with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Our indebtedness for borrowed money comprises borrowings under our Credit Facilities and the aggregate principal amount outstanding under our Notes. The Notes and borrowings under our Ex-Im Credit Facility bear interest at a fixed rate and therefore our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to borrowings under our remaining Credit Facilities, cash equivalents and short-term obligations.

The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal and maximize the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. To minimize this risk, we maintain a significant amount of our cash balance in money market accounts, with a significant portion held in U.S. government-backed qualified money-market securities. In general, money market accounts are not subject to interest rate risk because the interest paid on such funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate. Our cash and cash equivalents earn interest at variable rates. Our interest income has been and may continue to be negatively impacted by low market interest rates. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Because our investment policy restricts us to invest in conservative, interest-bearing investments and because our business strategy does not rely on generating material returns from our investment portfolio, we do not expect our market risk exposure on our investment portfolio to be material. Due to the short-term nature of our investment portfolio, we do not believe an immediate 10% increase or decrease in interest rates would have a material effect on the fair market value of our portfolio. We therefore do not expect our operating results or cash flows to be materially affected by a sudden change in market interest rates.

Our primary interest rate under our variable rate Credit Facilities is the forward-looking term SOFR rate plus an applicable margin. As of September 30, 2024, the effective interest rate on our outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Term Loan Facility was 9.88%, and under the 2023 Term Loan Facility was 10.71%. As of September 30, 2024, the weighted average effective interest rate under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities was approximately 9.42%. As of September 30, 2024, the effective interest rate that would have been applied to any new SOFR-based borrowings under the Viasat Revolving Credit Facility was approximately 7.62%, and under the Inmarsat Revolving Credit Facility was approximately 7.60%. As of September 30, 2024, we had no outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facilities. Accordingly, assuming the outstanding balance under the 2022 Term Loan Facility, the 2023 Term Loan Facility and the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities remained constant over a year and we continued to have no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facilities, a 10% increase in the interest rates would increase interest incurred, prior to effects of capitalized interest but taking into account Inmarsat's interest rate cap contracts with respect to the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities, by approximately $21.1 million over a 12-month period.

We have entered into interest rate cap contracts to hedge the variable interest rates under the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities. The interest rate cap contracts provide protection from Compound SOFR rates over 2% and covered the total nominal amount of the Inmarsat Term Loan Facilities of $1.6 billion. As of September 30, 2024, a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would increase or decrease the carrying and fair values of the interest rate cap contract by approximately $6.6 million.

Foreign Exchange Risk

We generally conduct our business in U.S. dollars. However, as our international business is conducted in a variety of foreign currencies, we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. A five percent variance in foreign currencies in which our international business is conducted would change our income (loss) before income taxes by an insignificant amount for each of the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Our objective in managing our exposure to foreign currency risk is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Accordingly, from time to time, we may enter into foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate risks associated with foreign currency denominated assets, liabilities, commitments and anticipated foreign currency transactions.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving the objective that information in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified and pursuant to the requirements of the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2024, the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2024.

During the period covered by this report, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Periodically, we are involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, including government investigations and claims, and other claims and proceedings with respect to intellectual property, breach of contract, labor and employment, tax and other matters. Such matters could result in fines; penalties, compensatory, treble or other damages; or non-monetary relief. A violation of government contract laws and regulations could also result in the termination of our government contracts or debarment from bidding on future government contracts. Although claims, suits, investigations and proceedings are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the resolution of our current pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. In addition, it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more such proceedings could in the future materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity in a particular period. For further information on the risks we face from existing and future claims, suits, investigations and proceedings, see “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, which factors could materially affect our business, financial condition, liquidity or future results. There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in the "Risk Factors" section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The risks described in our reports on Forms 10-K and 10-Q are not the only risks facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity or future results.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no director or officer, as defined in Rule 16a-1(f), adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

We have entered into (or intend to enter into) a Severance Agreement and/or a Change in Control Severance Agreement, effective as of December 1, 2024, with each of our named executive officers: Mark Dankberg, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, K. Guru Gowrappan, President, Garrett L. Chase, Chief Financial Officer, Shawn Duffy, Chief Accounting Officer, Kevin Harkenrider, Executive Vice President and Chief Corporate Officer and Craig Miller, President, Global Space Networks. Each of these agreements will have a term of one year, subject to automatic one-year extensions; however, the agreement with Ms. Duffy will only extend beyond December 31, 2025 upon mutual agreement, and otherwise will be a qualifying termination and termination of her role with Viasat. These Severance Agreements and Change in Control Severance Agreements will supersede any prior severance or change in control severance agreements with each of the named executive officers.

Pursuant to the Severance Agreements, in the event of the executive’s qualifying termination, the executive will receive (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to (A) the sum of his or her annual base salary plus his or her target annual bonus, multiplied by (B) his or her severance multiple (200% in the case of Mr. Dankberg and Ms. Duffy, and 100% in the case of the other executive officers), (ii) continuation of health and other benefits for a period of 18 months following the date of termination, and (iii) accelerated vesting of a portion of the executive’s outstanding equity awards (generally the portion that would have vested in accordance with the terms of the applicable award agreements during the 12 months following the date of termination). Pursuant to the Change in Control Severance Agreements, in the event of the executive’s qualifying termination within the two months prior to or 18 months following a change in control of Viasat, the executive will generally receive the severance described above, except that the executive’s severance multiple will be increased (to 300% in the case of Mr. Dankberg and to 200% in the case of the other executive officers) and he or she will be entitled to full vesting of any outstanding equity awards. The executives must execute a general release of claims in favor of Viasat as a condition to receiving any severance benefits.

The preceding descriptions of the Severance Agreements and Change in Control Severance Agreements with our executive officers do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the complete text of these agreements, copies of which are filed as Exhibits 10.7, 10.8 and 10.9 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are incorporated by reference herein.

Item 6. Exhibits

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit

Number

Exhibit Description

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

Filed or

Furnished

Herewith

4.1

Indenture, dated as of September 25, 2024, by and among the Issuers, the guarantors party thereto and Wilmington Trust, as trustee and notes collateral agent

8-K

000-21767

4.1

10/01/2024

10.1**

1996 Equity Participation Plan of Viasat, Inc. (As Amended and Restated Effective September 5, 2024)

8-K

000-21767

10.1

09/09/2024

10.2**

Viasat, Inc. 1996 Equity Participation Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Global Version)

10.3**

Viasat, Inc. 1996 Equity Participation Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Executive Version)

10.4**

2024 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan of Viasat, Inc.

10.5**

Viasat, Inc. 2024 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Executive Version)

10.6**

Viasat, Inc. 2024 Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan Performance-based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement — Relative Total Shareholder Return

10.7**

Form of Change in Control Severance Agreement between Viasat, Inc. and each of its executive officers

10.8**

Form of Severance Agreement between Viasat, Inc. and each of its executive officers

10.9**

Severance Agreement, dated as of November 5, 2024, by and between Viasat, Inc. and Shawn Duffy

10.10**

Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, dated as of November 5, 2024, by and between Viasat, Inc. and James Dodd

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1*

Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File as its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema with Embedded Linkbases Document

104

Cover Page (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are deemed furnished and not filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Viasat under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

** Indicates management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		VIASAT, INC.

November 8, 2024		/s/ MARK DANKBERG
		Mark Dankberg
		Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

		/s/ GARRETT CHASE
		Garrett Chase
		Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

		/s/ SHAWN DUFFY
		Shawn Duffy
		Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
		(Principal Accounting Officer)

Positive
Negative
Uncertain
Constraining
Legalese
Litigous
Readability	H.S. senior Bad

Six Months Ended

September 30, 2023

(In thousands)

Total revenues

Net income (loss) attributable to Viasat, Inc.