Rambus (RMBS) 10-K26 Feb 212020 FY Annual reportFinancial data

Company Profile

Cover Page

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 29, 2021	Jun. 30, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2020
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	000-22339
Entity Registrant Name	RAMBUS INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	94-3112828
Entity Address, Address Line One	4453 North First Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 100
Entity Address, City or Town	San Jose
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	95134
City Area Code	408
Local Phone Number	462-8000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $.001 Par Value
Trading Symbol	RMBS
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 1.3
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		111,730,337
Entity Central Index Key	0000917273
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 136,146	$ 102,176
Marketable securities	366,503	305,488
Accounts receivable	27,903	44,039
Unbilled receivables	135,897	184,366
Inventories	14,466	10,086
Prepaids and other current assets	15,907	18,524
Total current assets	696,822	664,679
Intangible assets, net	36,487	54,900
Goodwill	183,222	183,465
Property, plant and equipment, net	57,693	44,714
Operating lease right-of-use assets	28,708	37,020
Deferred tax assets	4,353	4,574
Unbilled receivables, long-term	232,056	343,703
Other assets	4,535	5,931
Total assets	1,243,876	1,338,986
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	8,993	9,549
Accrued salaries and benefits	23,326	20,291
Deferred revenue	10,198	11,947
Income taxes payable, short-term	20,064	19,142
Operating lease liabilities	4,724	6,357
Other current liabilities	18,559	18,893
Total current liabilities	85,864	86,179
Convertible notes, long-term	156,031	148,788
Long-term operating lease liabilities	34,305	39,889
Long-term income taxes payable	41,333	60,094
Deferred tax liabilities	14,336	13,846
Other long-term liabilities	6,894	19,272
Total liabilities	338,763	368,068
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 10, 13 and 20)
Stockholders’ equity:
Convertible preferred stock, $.001 par value: Authorized: 5,000,000 shares; Issued and outstanding: no shares at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	0	0
Common Stock, $.001 par value: Authorized: 500,000,000 shares; Issued and outstanding: 111,697,994 shares at December 31, 2020 and 112,131,352 shares at December 31, 2019	112	112
Additional paid in capital	1,270,426	1,261,142
Accumulated deficit	(365,344)	(290,244)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(81)	(92)
Total stockholders’ equity	905,113	970,918
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 1,243,876	$ 1,338,986

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Stockholders' equity:
Convertible preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Convertible preferred stock, authorized shares	5,000,000	5,000,000
Convertible preferred stock, issued shares	0	0
Convertible preferred stock, outstanding shares	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, authorized shares	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, issued shares	111,697,994	112,131,352
Common stock, outstanding shares	111,697,994	112,131,352

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue
Revenue	$ 242,747	$ 224,027	$ 231,201
Cost of revenue
Cost of product revenue	37,749	27,156	18,299
Cost of contract and other revenue	5,647	9,905	11,718
Amortization of acquired intangible assets, cost of revenue	17,352	14,314	23,684
Cost of revenue	60,748	51,375	53,701
Gross Profit	181,999	172,652	177,500
Operating expenses
Research and development	139,837	156,815	158,339
Selling, General and Administrative Expense	85,619	101,373	98,254
Amortization of acquired intangible assets, operating expenses	1,061	2,743	5,657
Restructuring and other charges	4,089	8,821	2,217
Loss on divestiture	0	7,439	0
Change in fair value of earn-out liability	(1,800)	0	0
Operating Expenses, Total	228,806	277,191	264,467
Operating loss	(46,807)	(104,539)	(86,967)
Interest income and other income (expense), net	17,516	27,375	32,621
Interest expense	(10,340)	(9,852)	(16,282)
Interest and other income (expense), net	7,176	17,523	16,339
Loss before income taxes	(39,631)	(87,016)	(70,628)
Provision for income taxes	3,978	3,403	87,329
Net loss	$ (43,609)	$ (90,419)	$ (157,957)
Net loss per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.39)	$ (0.81)	$ (1.46)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.39)	$ (0.81)	$ (1.46)
Weighted-average shares used in per share calculations:
Basic (in shares)	113,254	110,948	108,450
Diluted (in shares)	113,254	110,948	108,450
Royalties
Revenue
Revenue	$ 80,985	$ 90,785	$ 130,452
Product revenue
Revenue
Revenue	113,996	72,972	38,690
Contract and other revenue
Revenue
Revenue	$ 47,766	$ 60,270	$ 62,059

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (43,609)	$ (90,419)	$ (157,957)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	24	10,145	(4,447)
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax	(13)	54	(747)
Total comprehensive loss	$ (43,598)	$ (80,220)	$ (163,151)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Cumulative effect, period of adoption, adjustment	Common stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated deficit	Accumulated deficitCumulative effect, period of adoption, adjustment	Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017			109,764,000
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 571,584		$ 110	$ 1,212,798	$ (636,227)		$ (5,097)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	(157,957)				(157,957)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(4,447)						(4,447)
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax	(747)						(747)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options, equity stock and stock units, and employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			2,616,000
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options, equity stock and employee stock purchase plan	4,630		$ 3	4,627
Repurchase and retirement of common stock under repurchase plan, shares			(3,786,000)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock under repurchase plan, value	(50,033)		$ (4)	(12,573)	(37,456)
Stock-based compensation	21,736			21,736
Issuance of common stock in connection with the maturity of the 2018 Notes related to the settlement of the in-the-money conversion feature of the 2018 Notes			424,000
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018			109,018,000
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	1,012,112		$ 109	1,226,588	(204,294)		(10,291)
Balance (Accounting Standards Update 2016-01) at Dec. 31, 2018		$ 1,058				$ 1,058
Balance (Accounting Standards Update 2014-09) at Dec. 31, 2018		626,288				626,288
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	(90,419)				(90,419)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	10,145						10,145
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax	54						54
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options, equity stock and stock units, and employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			3,113,000
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options, equity stock and employee stock purchase plan	8,081		$ 3	8,078
Stock-based compensation	26,476			26,476
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019			112,131,000
Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	970,918		$ 112	1,261,142	(290,244)		(92)
Balance (Accounting Standards Update 2016-02) at Dec. 31, 2019		$ 4,469				$ 4,469
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	(43,609)				(43,609)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	24						24
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax	(13)						(13)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options, equity stock and stock units, and employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			2,183,000
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of options, equity stock and employee stock purchase plan	2,084		$ 3	2,081
Repurchase and retirement of common stock under repurchase plan, shares			(2,616,000)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock under repurchase plan, value	(50,069)		$ (3)	(18,575)	(31,491)
Stock-based compensation	25,778			25,778
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			111,698,000
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 905,113		$ 112	$ 1,270,426	$ (365,344)		$ (81)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ST_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical)	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Nov. 17, 2017
Convertible senior notes \| 1.375% convertible notes due 2023
Stated Interest rate (as a percent)	1.375%	1.375%	1.375%	1.375%

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (43,609)	$ (90,419)	$ (157,957)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation	25,778	26,476	21,736
Depreciation expense and amortization of operating leases' right of use assets	28,951	23,507	10,745
Amortization of intangible assets	18,413	17,058	29,341
Non-cash interest expense and amortization of convertible debt issuance costs	7,243	6,854	9,243
Deferred income taxes	685	(1,816)	79,954
Non-cash restructuring	0	0	670
Loss on divestiture	0	7,439	0
Loss on equity investment	747	696	67
Gain from sale of marketable equity security	0	0	(291)
Gain from sale of assets held for sale	0	0	(1,266)
(Gain) loss from disposal of property, plant and equipment	(77)	157	395
Change in fair value of earn-out liability	(1,800)	0	0
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestiture:
Accounts receivable	16,136	4,994	(24,933)
Unbilled receivables	160,116	151,513	145,164
Prepaid expenses and other assets	2,042	4,064	(4,084)
Inventories	(4,380)	(3,353)	(1,856)
Accounts payable	(2,176)	2,934	(2,268)
Accrued salaries and benefits and other liabilities	3,353	7,135	(3,221)
Income taxes payable	(17,852)	(15,925)	(14,550)
Deferred revenue	(1,486)	(3,497)	228
Operating lease liabilities	(6,625)	(9,282)	0
Net cash provided by operating activities	185,459	128,535	87,117
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(29,728)	(6,472)	(10,762)
Acquisition of intangible assets	0	0	350
Purchases of marketable securities	(898,957)	(657,433)	(282,117)
Maturities of marketable securities	817,834	507,385	223,079
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities	21,588	6,758	0
Proceeds from divestiture, net of cash disposed	0	76,039	0
Proceeds from sale of assets held for sale	0	0	3,754
Proceeds from sale of property and property, plant and equipment	0	29	10
Settlement of working capital adjustment from disposal of business	(1,131)	0	0
Proceeds from sale of equity security	0	0	1,350
Investment in privately-held companies	0	(1,000)	(3,000)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired	0	(66,780)	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(90,394)	(141,474)	(68,036)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of senior convertible notes	0	0	(81,207)
Proceeds received from issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	11,487	15,104	11,402
Payments under Installment	(13,201)	(8,379)	0
Principal payments against financing lease obligation	0	0	(1,080)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock, including prepayment under accelerated share repurchase program	(50,069)	0	(50,033)
Payments Related to Tax Withholding for Share-based Compensation	(9,403)	(7,023)	(6,766)
Net cash used in financing activities	(61,186)	(298)	(127,684)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	106	(497)	(989)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect	33,985	(13,734)	(109,592)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	102,518	116,252	225,844
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year	136,503	102,518	116,252
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	2,372	2,372	3,044
Income taxes, net of refunds	21,312	17,835	23,581
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property, plant and equipment received and accrued in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	$ 20,952	$ 29,844	$ 8,225

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CA_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Restricted cash	$ 357	$ 342	$ 328

Formation and Business of the C

Formation and Business of the Company	12 Months Ended
Formation and Business of the Company	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Formation and Business of the Company	Formation and Business of the Company Rambus Inc. (the “Company” or “Rambus”) was incorporated in California in March 1990 and reincorporated in Delaware in March 1997. In addition to licensing, the Company is creating new business opportunities through offering products and services where its goal is to perpetuate strong company operating performance and long-term stockholder value. The Company generates revenue by licensing its inventions and solutions, selling its semiconductor products and providing services to market-leading companies. Rambus produces products and innovations that address the fundamental challenges of accelerating data. The Company makes industry-leading chips and IP that enable critical performance improvements for data center and other growing markets. The ongoing shift to the cloud, along with the widespread advancement of artificial intelligence (“AI”) across the data center, 5G, automotive and Internet of Things (“IoT”), has led to an exponential growth in data usage and tremendous demands on data infrastructure. Creating fast and safe connections, both in and across systems, remains one of the most mission-critical design challenges limiting performance in advanced hardware for these markets.

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Financial Statement Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rambus and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Investments in entities with more than 20% ownership by Rambus and in which Rambus has the ability to significantly influence the operations of the investee (but not control) are accounted for using the equity method and are included in other assets. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Reclassifications Certain prior year balances were reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. None of these reclassifications had an impact on reported net income or cash flows for any of the periods presented. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods and services in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods and services. Substantially all of the goods and services are distinct and are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Where an arrangement includes multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to these on a relative standalone selling price basis. The Company has established standalone selling prices for all of its offerings - specifically, the same pricing methodology is consistently applied to all licensing arrangements; all services offerings are priced within tightly controlled bands and all contracts that include support and maintenance state a renewal rate or price that is systematically enforced. Rambus’ revenue consists of royalty, product and contract and other revenue. Royalty revenue consists of patent and technology license royalties. Products primarily consist of memory interface chips sold directly and indirectly to module manufacturers and OEMs worldwide through multiple channels, including our direct sales force and distributors. Contract and other revenue consists of software license fees, engineering fees associated with integration of Rambus’ technology solutions into its customers’ products and support and maintenance fees. Royalty Revenue Rambus’ patent and technology licensing arrangements generally range between one year and ten years in duration and generally grant the licensee the right to use the Company’s entire intellectual property (“IP”) portfolio as it evolves over time. These arrangements do not typically grant the licensee the right to terminate for convenience and where such rights exist, termination is prospective, with no refund of fees already paid by the licensee. There is no interdependency or interrelation between the IP included in the portfolio licensed upon contract inception and any IP subsequently made available to the licensee, and the Company would be able to fulfill its promises by transferring the portfolio and the additional IP use rights independently. However, the numbers of additions to, and removals from the portfolio (for example when a patent expires and renewal is not granted to the Company) in any given period have historically been relatively consistent; as such, the Company does not allocate the transaction price between the rights granted at contract inception and those subsequently granted over time as a function of these additions. Patent and technology licensing arrangements result in fixed payments received over time, with guaranteed minimum payments on occasion, variable payments calculated based on the licensee’s sale or use of the IP, or a mix of fixed and variable payments. • For fixed-fee arrangements (including arrangements that include minimum guaranteed amounts), the Company recognizes revenue upon control over the underlying IP use right transferring to the licensee, net of the effect of significant financing components calculated using customer-specific, risk-adjusted lending rates ranging between 3% and 5%, with the related interest income being recognized over time on an effective rate basis. Where a licensee has the contractual right to terminate a fixed-fee arrangement for convenience without any substantive penalty payable upon such termination, the Company applies the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606 (“ASC 606”) to the duration of the contract in which the parties have present enforceable rights and obligations and only recognizes revenue for amounts that are due and payable. • For variable arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue based on an estimate of the licensee’s sale or usage of the IP during the period of reference, typically quarterly, with a true-up recorded when the Company receives the actual royalty report from the licensee. Product Revenue Product revenue is recognized upon shipment of product to customers, net of accruals for estimated sales returns and allowances, and to distributors, net of accruals for price protection and rights of return on products unsold by the distributors. To date, none of these accruals have been significant. The Company transacts with direct customers primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products and generally allows customers to cancel or change purchase orders within limited notice periods prior to the scheduled shipment date. Contract and Other Revenue Contract and other revenue consists of software license fees and engineering fees associated with integration of Rambus’ technology solutions into its customers’ related support and maintenance. An initial software arrangement generally consists of a term-based or perpetual license, significant software customization services and support and maintenance services that include post-implementation customer support and the right to unspecified software updates and enhancements on a when and if available basis. The Company recognizes license and customization services revenue based on an over time model, measured using the input method. License and customization services revenue is reported as part of contract and other revenue which was approximately $19.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Due to the nature of the work performed in these arrangements, the estimation of the over time model is complex and involves significant judgment. The key factor reviewed by management to estimate costs to complete each contract is the estimated man-months necessary to complete the project. The Company recognizes license renewal revenue at the beginning of the renewal period. Significant Judgments Historically and with the exception noted below, no significant judgment has generally been required in determining the amount and timing of revenue from the Company’s contracts with customers. • The Company has adequate tools and controls in place, and substantial experience and expertise in timely and accurately tracking man-months incurred in completing customization and other professional services, and quantifying changes in estimates. Key estimates used in recognizing revenue predominantly consist of the following: • For fixed-fee arrangements in which cash is being received over a period exceeding a year, the Company calculates a customer-specific lending rate using a Daily Treasury Yield Curve Rate that changes depending on the date on which the licensing arrangement was entered into and the term (in years) of the arrangement, and takes into consideration a licensee-specific risk profile determined based on a review of the licensee’s “Full Company View” Dun & Bradstreet report obtained on the date the licensing arrangement was signed by the parties, with a risk premium being added to the Daily Treasury Yield Curve Rate considering the overall business risk, financing strength and risk indicators, as listed. • The Company recognizes revenue on variable fee licensing arrangements on the basis of estimates. Contract Balances Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to the Company’s customers. The Company records contract assets when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing, and a contract liability when revenue is recognized subsequent to invoicing. The contract assets are transferred to receivables when the billing occurs. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue includes cost of professional services, materials, including cost of wafers processed by third-party foundries, cost associated with packaging and assembly, test and shipping, cost of personnel, including stock-based compensation, and equipment associated with manufacturing support, logistics and quality assurance, warranty cost, amortization of existing technology, write-down of inventories, amortization of production mask costs, overhead and an allocated portion of occupancy costs. Leases The Company adopted the New Leasing Standard as of January 1, 2019 using the alternative transition method provided by ASU No. 2018-11 and did not recast comparative periods. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. Additionally, the Company elected the practical expedient related to non-lease components and made the policy election for the short-term leases exemptions. The Company used its incremental borrowing rate to measure the lease liabilities at the adoption date for its existing operating leases that commenced prior to January 1, 2019, which was based on the remaining lease term and remaining lease payments for such leases. The Company leases office space, domestically and internationally, under operating leases. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms between one year and ten years. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any finance leases. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception. The Company assesses all relevant facts and circumstances in making the determination of the existence of a lease. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments, and uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. Many of the Company’s leases include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into the determination of lease payments when appropriate. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, and the Company does not separate non-lease components from lease components. Operating lease costs are included in research and development and selling, general and administrative costs on the statement of operations. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization, but is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment. The Company performs its impairment analysis of goodwill on an annual basis during the fourth quarter of the year unless conditions arise that warrant a more frequent evaluation. When goodwill is assessed for impairment, the Company has the option to perform an assessment of qualitative factors of impairment (optional assessment) prior to necessitating a quantitative impairment test. Should the optional assessment be used for any given year, qualitative factors to consider for a reporting unit include: cost factors; financial performance; legal, regulatory, contractual, political, business, or other factors; entity specific factors; industry and market considerations; macroeconomic conditions; and other relevant events and factors affecting the reporting unit. If the Company determines in the qualitative assessment that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, a quantitative test is then performed. Otherwise, no further testing is required. For a reporting unit tested using a quantitative approach, the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit with the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill. The fair value of the reporting unit is estimated using an income approach. Under the income approach, the Company measures fair value of the reporting unit based on a projected cash flow method using a discount rate determined by its management which is commensurate with the risk inherent in its current business model. The Company’s discounted cash flow projections are based on its annual financial forecasts developed internally by management for use in managing its business. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, then the amount of goodwill impairment will be the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of December 31, 2020 and determined that there was no impairment of its goodwill. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges. Intangible Assets Intangible assets are comprised of existing technology, customer contracts and contractual relationships, and other definite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets. Identifiable intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the purchase method of accounting are estimated by management based on the fair value of assets received. Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives ranging from six months to ten Acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the Company’s in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) are capitalized and subject to impairment testing until completion or abandonment of the projects. Upon successful completion of each project, the Company makes a separate determination of the useful life of the acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets and the related amortization is recorded as an expense over the estimated useful life of the specific projects. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment, applying a fair-value based test. Under the income approach, the Company measures fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets based on a projected cash flow method using a discount rate determined by its management which is commensurate with the risk inherent in its current business model. The Company’s discounted cash flow projections are based on its annual financial forecasts developed internally by management for use in managing its business. If the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeds its carrying value, the indefinite-lived intangible assets are not impaired and no further testing is required. If the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets is less than the carrying value, the difference is recorded as an impairment loss. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventories are reduced for write-downs based on periodic reviews for evidence of slow-moving or obsolete parts. The write-down is based on comparison between inventory on hand and estimated future sales for each specific product. Once written down, inventory write-downs are not reversed until the inventory is sold or scrapped. Inventory write-downs are also established when conditions indicate that the net realizable value is less than cost due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price level or other causes. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment include computer equipment, computer software, machinery, leasehold improvements, and furniture and fixtures. Computer equipment, computer software, machinery, and furniture and fixtures are stated at cost and generally depreciated on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of three years, three years to five years, two years or seven years, and three years, respectively. Refer to Note 11, “Balance Sheet Details,” for additional details. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the initial terms of the leases. Upon disposal, assets and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the related gain or loss is included in the results from operations. Definite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Asset Impairment The Company evaluates definite-lived and indefinite-lived assets (including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable. The carrying value is not recoverable if it exceeds the undiscounted cash flows resulting from the use of the asset group and its eventual disposition. The Company’s estimates of future cash flows attributable to its asset groups require significant judgment based on its historical and anticipated results and are subject to many factors. Factors that the Company considers important which could trigger an impairment review include significant negative industry or economic trends, significant loss of clients, and significant changes in the manner of its use of the acquired assets or the strategy for its overall business. When the Company determines that the carrying value of the asset groups may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, the Company measures the potential impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by the Company to be commensurate with the risk inherent in the Company’s current business model. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of the asset group is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The impairment charge is recorded to reduce the pre-impairment carrying amount of the assets based on the relative carrying amount of those assets, though not to reduce the carrying amount of an asset below its fair value. Different assumptions and judgments could materially affect the calculation of the fair value of the assets. During 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not recognize any impairment of its definite-lived and indefinite-lived assets. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for expected future tax events that have been recognized differently in Rambus’ consolidated financial statements and tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on provisions of the enacted tax law and the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts expected to be realized based on available evidence. In addition, the calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. As a result, the Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in its tax return. The Company considers many factors when evaluating and estimating its tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately anticipate actual outcomes. Stock-Based Compensation and Equity Incentive Plans The Company maintained stock plans covering a broad range of equity grants including stock options, nonvested equity stock and equity stock units and performance-based instruments. In addition, the Company sponsors an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), whereby eligible employees are entitled to purchase Common Stock semi-annually, by means of limited payroll deductions, at a 15% discount from the fair market value of the Common Stock as of specific dates. The Company determines compensation expense associated with restricted stock units based on the fair value of its common stock on the date of grant. The Company determines compensation expense associated with stock options based on the estimated grant-date fair value method using the Black-Scholes Merton (“BSM”) valuation model. The Company generally recognizes compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the respective vesting period for awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Stock-based compensation expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. When estimating forfeitures, the Company considers voluntary termination behaviors as well as trends of actual option forfeitures. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. The Company maintains its cash balances with high quality financial institutions. Cash equivalents are invested in highly-rated and highly-liquid money market securities and certain U.S. government sponsored obligations. Marketable Securities Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, based on quoted market prices, with the unrealized gains or losses reported, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity, both of which are included in interest and other income, net. Realized gains and losses are recorded on the specific identification method and are included in interest and other income, net. The Company reviews its investments in marketable securities for possible other than temporary impairments on a regular basis. If any loss on investment is believed to be a credit loss, a charge will be recognized in operations. In evaluating whether a credit loss on a debt security has occurred, the Company considers the following factors: 1) the Company’s intent to sell the security, 2) if the Company intends to hold the security, whether or not it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost basis and 3) even if the Company intends to hold the security, whether or not the Company expects the security to recover the entire amortized cost basis. Due to the high credit quality and short-term nature of the Company’s investments, there have been no material credit losses recorded to date. The classification of funds between short-term and long-term is based on whether the securities are available for use in operations or other purposes. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying value of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to their relatively short maturities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Marketable securities are comprised of available-for-sale securities that are reported at fair value with the related unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax. Fair value of the marketable securities is determined based on quoted market prices. The fair value of the Company’s convertible notes fluctuates with interest rates and with the market price of the common stock, but does not affect the carrying value of the debt on the balance sheet. Research and Development Costs incurred in research and development, which include engineering expenses, such as salaries and related benefits, stock-based compensation, depreciation, professional services and overhead expenses related to the general development of Rambus’ products, are expensed as incurred. Software development costs are capitalized beginning when a product’s technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is available for general release to customers. Rambus has not capitalized any software development costs since the period between establishing technological feasibility and general customer release is relatively short and as such, these costs have not been material. Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the earnings (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of incremental common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, employee stock purchases, restricted stock and restricted stock units, and shares issuable upon the conversion of convertible notes. The dilutive effect of outstanding shares is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. This method includes consideration of the amounts to be paid by the employees, the amount of excess tax benefits that would be recognized in equity if the instrument was exercised and the amount of unrecognized stock-based compensation related to future services. No potential dilutive common shares are included in the computation of any diluted per share amount when a net loss is reported. Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, including foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities. Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, is presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Credit Concentration As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were invested with various financial institutions in the form of corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper, money market funds, U.S. Treasuries, U.S. Government Agencies, and municipal bonds and notes. The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to its investment portfolio. The Company places its investments with high credit issuers and, by investment policy, attempts to limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. As stated in the Company’s investment policy, it will ensure the safety and preservation of the Company’s invested funds by limiting default risk and market risk. The Company has no investments denominated in foreign country currencies and therefore is not subject to foreign exchange risk from these assets. The Company mitigates default risk by investing in high credit quality securities and by positioning its portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to enable portfolio liquidity. The Company’s note hedge transactions, entered into in connection with the 1.375% convertible senior notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”), expose the Company to credit risk to the extent that its counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the transactions. The Company mitigates this risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions. Refer to Note 12, “Convertible Notes” for further details. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Refer to Note 7, “Segments and Major Customers” for further details. The Company’s unbilled receivables are collected from customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Refer to Note 4, “Revenue Recognition” for further details. Foreign Currency Translation and Re-Measurement The Company translates the assets and liabilities of its non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the end of each period. Revenue and expenses for these subsidiaries are translated using rates that approximate those in effect during the period. Gains and losses from these translations are recognized in foreign currency translation included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Gain (Loss) in the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. The Company’s subsidiaries that use the U.S. dollar as their functional currency re-measure monetary assets and liabilities at exchange rates in effect at the end of each period, and inventories, property and non-monetary assets and liabilities at historical rates. Additionally, foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest income and other (income) expense, net, in the consolidated statements of operations and were not material in the periods presented. Subsequent to the divestiture of the Company’s Payments and Ticketing businesses in 2019, the U.S. dollar is primarily the functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Business Combinations The Company accounts for acquisitions of businesses using the purchase method of accounting, which requires the Company to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as contingent consideration, where applicable, the estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations. Accounting for business combinations requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the acquisition date including the Company’s estimates for intangible assets, contractual obligations assumed and pre-acquisition contingencies where applicable. Although, the Company believes the assumptions and estimates made in the past have been reasonable and appropriate, they are based in part on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain. Significant estimates and assumptions made by management in estimating the fair value of the existing technologies included revenue growth rates, operating expense margins, technology obsolescence rates and discount rates. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results. Litigation Rambus may be involved in certain legal proceedings. Based upon consultation with outside counsel handling its defense in these matters and an analysis of potential results, if Rambus believes that a loss arising from such matters is probable and can be reasonably estimated, Rambus records the estimated liability in its consolidated financial statements. If only a range of estimated losses can be determined, Rambus records an amount within the range that, in its judgment, reflects the most likely outcome; if none of the estimates within that range is a better estimate than any other amount, Rambus records the low

Recent Accounting Pronouncement

Recent Accounting Pronouncements	12 Months Ended
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
Recent Accounting Pronouncement	Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” The amendments in this ASU remove certain exceptions, clarifies and amends existing guidance. This ASU is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU No. 2019-12 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis, modified retrospective basis, or prospective basis. The Company elected to early adopt this ASU on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” The amendments in this ASU remove certain disclosures, modify certain disclosures and add additional disclosures. This ASU is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Certain disclosures in ASU No. 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13. The purpose of this ASU is to require a financial asset measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments (ASU 2019-04),” which provided certain improvements to various ASUs, including ASU 2016-13. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-05, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326),” which provides an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized cost basis. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)” which amends certain effective dates. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-11, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326),” which provides additional clarifications. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-03, “Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments,” which provides additional clarifications and improvements. These ASUs and the related amendments are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, “Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40).” The amendments in this ASU amend the guidance on convertible instruments and the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity's own equity, including reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. This ASU also amends the related earnings (loss) per share guidance for both subtopics, including the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares and for convertible instruments. This ASU is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The amendments in this ASU may be applied on a modified retrospective basis or a fully retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, “Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815).” The amendments in this ASU clarify the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321 and investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323 and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options accounted for under Topic 815. This ASU is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition (Notes)

Revenue Recognition (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition Contract Balances The contract assets are primarily related to the Company’s fixed fee IP licensing arrangements and rights to consideration for performance obligations delivered but not billed as of December 31, 2020. The Company’s contract balances were as follows: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Unbilled receivables $ 367,953 $ 528,069 Deferred revenue 10,461 11,947 During the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company recognized $10.3 million and $18.3 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in the contract balances as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Remaining Performance Obligations Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, which includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Contracted but unsatisfied performance obligations were approximately $17.4 million as of December 31, 2020, which the Company primarily expects to recognize over the next 2 years.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Earnings (Loss) Per Share	12 Months Ended
Earnings (Loss) Per Share	Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings (Loss) Per Share	Earnings (Loss) Per Share The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts): For the Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Net loss per share: Numerator: Net loss $ (43,609) $ (90,419) $ (157,957) Denominator: Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic 113,254 110,948 108,450 Effect of potential dilutive common shares — — — Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted 113,254 110,948 108,450 Basic net loss per share $ (0.39) $ (0.81) $ (1.46) Diluted net loss per share $ (0.39) $ (0.81) $ (1.46) For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, options to purchase approximately 0.3 million, 1.0 million and 1.6 million shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation because they were anti-dilutive after considering proceeds from exercise, taxes and related unrecognized stock-based compensation expense. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, an additional 2.3 million, 2.4 million and 2.4 million shares, respectively, have been excluded from the weighted-average dilutive shares because there was a net loss for the periods. These shares do not include the Company’s 2023 Notes and the 1.125% convertible senior notes due 2018 (the “2018 Notes”). The par amount of convertible notes is payable in cash equal to the principal amount of the notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest and then the “in-the-money” conversion benefit feature at the conversion price above $18.93 and $12.07, respectively, per share is payable in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination of both. The Company has the option to pay cash, issue shares of common stock or any combination thereof for the aggregate amount due upon conversion of the notes. The Company’s intent is to settle the principal amount of the notes in cash upon conversion. As a result, upon conversion of the notes, only the amounts payable in excess of the principal amounts of the notes are considered in diluted earnings per share under the treasury stock method. Refer to Note 12, “Convertible Notes” for more details.

Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets and Goodwill	12 Months Ended
Intangible Assets and Goodwill	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Intangible Assets and Goodwill	Intangible Assets and Goodwill Goodwill The following tables present goodwill information for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: (In thousands) December 31, Adjustment to Goodwill (1) December 31, Total goodwill $ 183,465 $ (243) $ 183,222 ______________________________________ (1) Working capital adjustments related to the acquisition of Northwest Logic, Inc. (“Northwest Logic”). As of December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Impairment Losses Net Carrying Amount Total goodwill $ 204,992 $ (21,770) $ 183,222 (In thousands) December 31, Additions to Goodwill (1) Divestiture of Goodwill (2) Effect of Exchange Rates (3) December 31, Total goodwill $ 207,178 $ 30,322 $ (54,494) $ 459 $ 183,465 ______________________________________ (1) In August 2019, the Company acquired Northwest Logic, and in December 2019, the Company acquired the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business from Verimatrix (the “Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business”), which resulted in the Company recognizing additional goodwill. Refer to Note 21, “Acquisitions,” for additional information. (2) Refer to Note 17, “Divestiture,” for additional information. (3) Effect of exchange rates relates to foreign currency translation adjustments for the period. As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Impairment Losses Net Carrying Amount Total goodwill $ 205,235 $ (21,770) $ 183,465 Intangible Assets The components of the Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows: As of December 31, 2020 (In thousands, except useful life) Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Existing technology 3 to 10 years $ 263,789 $ (230,950) $ 32,839 Customer contracts and contractual relationships 0.5 to 10 years 36,293 (34,245) 2,048 Non-compete agreements and trademarks 3 years 300 (300) — IPR&D Not applicable 1,600 — 1,600 Total intangible assets $ 301,982 $ (265,495) $ 36,487 As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands, except useful life) Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount (1) (2) Accumulated Amortization (1) (2) Net Carrying Amount Existing technology 3 to 10 years $ 262,789 $ (213,354) $ 49,435 Customer contracts and contractual relationships 0.5 to 10 years 36,293 (33,428) 2,865 Non-compete agreements and trademarks 3 years 300 (300) — IPR&D Not applicable 2,600 — 2,600 Total intangible assets $ 301,982 $ (247,082) $ 54,900 _________________________________________ (1) In October 2019, the Company disposed of approximately $20.7 million of net intangible assets in connection with the sale of the legal entities comprising the Company’s Payments and Ticketing businesses. Refer to Note 17, “Divestiture,” for additional information. (2) In August 2019, the Company acquired Northwest Logic, and in December 2019, the Company acquired the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business, which resulted in the Company recognizing additional intangible assets. Refer to Note 21, “Acquisitions,” for additional information. Amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $18.4 million, $17.1 million, and $29.3 million, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 was as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31: Amount 2021 $ 14,611 2022 7,644 2023 6,940 2024 5,492 2025 200 Thereafter — Total amortizable purchased intangible assets 34,887 IPR&D 1,600 Total intangible assets $ 36,487

Segments and Major Customers

Segments and Major Customers	12 Months Ended
Segments and Major Customers	Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Business Segments and Major Customers	Segments and Major Customers Operating segments are based upon Rambus’ internal organization structure, the manner in which its operations are managed, the criteria used by its Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) to evaluate segment performance and availability of separate financial information regularly reviewed for resource allocation and performance assessment. The Company has determined its CODM to be the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The CEO reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of managing the business, allocating resources, making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. On this basis, the Company is organized and operates as a single segment within the semiconductor space. As of December 31, 2020, the Company has a single operating and reportable segment. Accordingly, no additional disclosure of segment measures of profit or loss or total assets is applicable for all periods presented. Accounts receivable from the Company’s major customers representing 10% or more of total accounts receivable at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, was as follows: As of December 31, 2020 2019 Customer 1 14 % * Customer 2 13 % 14 % Customer 3 11 % * Customer 4 * 19 % _________________________________________ * Customer accounted for less than 10% of total accounts receivable in the period Revenue from the Company’s major customers representing 10% or more of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Customer A 15 % 10 % * Customer B 13 % * * Customer C * 14 % 15 % Customer D * * 11 % Revenue from customers in the geographic regions based on the location of contracting parties was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 USA $ 137,614 $ 134,526 $ 129,567 Taiwan 21,803 24,118 21,749 South Korea 3,664 3,583 13,421 Japan 16,862 11,877 23,222 Europe 7,359 10,262 15,668 Canada 1,162 3,554 4,960 Singapore 28,034 21,751 19,140 Asia-Other 26,249 14,356 3,474 Total $ 242,747 $ 224,027 $ 231,201 At December 31, 2020, of the $57.7 million of total property, plant and equipment, approximately $53.2 million were located in the United States, $3.3 million were located in India and $1.2 million were located in other foreign locations. At December 31, 2019, of the $44.7 million of total property, plant and equipment, approximately $40.3 million were located in the United States, $3.4 million were located in India and $1.0 million were located in other foreign locations.

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities	12 Months Ended
Marketable Securities	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Abstract]
Marketable Securities	Marketable SecuritiesRambus invests its excess cash and cash equivalents primarily in U.S. government-sponsored obligations, commercial paper, corporate notes and bonds, money market funds and municipal notes and bonds that mature within three years. All cash equivalents and marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale. Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities are summarized as follows: As of December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Weighted Rate of Return Money market funds $ 32,815 $ 32,815 $ — $ — 0.01 % U.S. Government bonds and notes 169,880 169,920 3 (43) 0.12 % Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 238,491 238,509 61 (79) 0.21 % Total cash equivalents and marketable securities 441,186 441,244 64 (122) Cash 61,463 61,463 — — Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 502,649 $ 502,707 $ 64 $ (122) As of December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Weighted Rate of Return Money market funds $ 10,065 $ 10,065 $ — $ — 1.48 % U.S. Government bonds and notes 39,086 39,087 — (1) 1.49 % Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 314,391 314,435 19 (63) 1.81 % Total cash equivalents and marketable securities 363,542 363,587 19 (64) Cash 44,122 44,122 — — Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 407,664 $ 407,709 $ 19 $ (64) Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value on the balance sheets and classified as follows: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Cash equivalents $ 74,683 $ 58,054 Short-term marketable securities 366,503 305,488 Total cash equivalents and marketable securities 441,186 363,542 Cash 61,463 44,122 Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 502,649 $ 407,664 The Company continues to invest in highly rated quality, highly liquid debt securities. The Company holds all of its marketable securities as available-for-sale, marks them to market, and regularly reviews its portfolio to ensure adherence to its investment policy and to monitor individual investments for risk analysis, proper valuation, and unrealized losses that may be other than temporary. The estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of cash equivalents and marketable securities classified by the length of time that the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: Fair Value Gross Unrealized Loss (In thousands) December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31, Less than 12 months U.S. Government bonds and notes $ 72,896 $ 14,112 $ (43) $ (1) Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 181,354 250,822 (79) (63) Total cash equivalents and marketable securities in a continuous unrealized loss position $ 254,250 $ 264,934 $ (122) $ (64) The gross unrealized loss at December 31, 2020 and 2019 was not material in relation to the Company’s total available-for-sale portfolio. The gross unrealized loss can be primarily attributed to a combination of market conditions as well as the demand for and duration of the U.S. government-sponsored obligations and corporate notes and bonds. The Company reasonably believes that there is no need to sell these investments and that it can recover the amortized cost of these investments. The Company has found no evidence of impairment due to credit losses in its portfolio. Therefore, these unrealized losses were recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). However, the Company cannot provide any assurance that its portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial markets, which may require the Company in the future to record an impairment charge for credit losses which could adversely impact its financial results. The contractual maturities of cash equivalents (excluding money market funds which have no maturity) and marketable securities are summarized as follows: (In thousands) December 31, Due less than one year $ 334,332 Due from one year through three years 74,039 Total $ 408,371 Refer to Note 9, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” for discussion regarding the fair value of the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities.

Fair Value of Financial Instrum

Fair Value of Financial Instruments	12 Months Ended
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The fair value measurement statement defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact, and the Company considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of non-performance. The Company’s financial instruments are measured and recorded at fair value, except for equity method investments and convertible notes. The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, and property, plant and equipment, are measured at fair value when there is an indicator of impairment and recorded at fair value only when an impairment charge is recognized. The Company’s equity method investments are initially recognized at cost, and the carrying amount is increased or decreased to recognize the Company’s share of the profit or loss of the investee after the date of acquisition. The Company’s share of the investee’s profit or loss is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Distributions received from an investee reduce the carrying amount of the investment. Fair Value Hierarchy The fair value measurement statement requires disclosure that establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about fair value measurements. The statement requires that fair value measurement be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories: Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. The Company uses unadjusted quotes to determine fair value. The financial assets in Level 1 include money market funds. Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. The Company uses observable pricing inputs including benchmark yields, reported trades, and broker/dealer quotes. The financial assets in Level 2 include U.S. government bonds and notes, corporate notes, commercial paper and municipal bonds and notes. Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). The Company does not have any financial assets in Level 3 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company reviews the pricing inputs by obtaining prices from a different source for the same security on a sample of its portfolio. The Company has not adjusted the pricing inputs it has obtained. The following table presents the financial instruments that are carried at fair value and summarizes the valuation of its cash equivalents and marketable securities by the above pricing levels as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: As of December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Total Quoted Market Prices in Active Markets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Money market funds $ 32,815 $ 32,815 $ — $ — U.S. Government bonds and notes 169,880 — 169,880 — Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 238,491 — 238,491 — Total available-for-sale securities $ 441,186 $ 32,815 $ 408,371 $ — As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Total Quoted Market Prices in Active Markets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Money market funds $ 10,065 $ 10,065 $ — $ — U.S. Government bonds and notes 39,086 — 39,086 — Corporate notes, bonds commercial paper 314,391 — 314,391 — Total available-for-sale securities $ 363,542 $ 10,065 $ 353,477 $ — The Company monitors its investments for other-than-temporary impairment and records appropriate reductions in carrying value when necessary. The Company monitors its investments for other-than-temporary losses by considering current factors, including the economic environment, market conditions, operational performance and other specific factors relating to the business underlying the investment, reductions in carrying values when necessary and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time which may be sufficient for anticipated recovery in the market. Any other-than-temporary loss is reported under “Interest and other income (expense), net” in the consolidated statement of operations. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded no other-than-temporary impairment charges on its investments. During the second half of 2018, the Company made an investment in a non-marketable equity security of a private company. This equity investment is accounted for under the equity method of accounting, and the Company accounts for its equity method share of the income (loss) on a quarterly basis. As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s 25.0% ownership percentage amounted to a $2.8 million equity interest in this equity investment. As of December 31, 2019, the Company’s 25.0% ownership percentage amounted to a $3.6 million equity interest in this equity investment. The Company’s equity interest was included in other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company recorded immaterial amounts in its consolidated statements of operations representing its share of the investee’s loss for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no transfers of financial instruments between different categories of fair value. The following table presents the financial instruments that are not carried at fair value but which require fair value disclosure as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: As of December 31, 2020 As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Face Carrying Value Fair Face Carrying Value Fair 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”) $ 172,500 $ 156,031 $ 194,709 $ 172,500 $ 148,788 $ 174,239 The fair value of the convertible notes at each balance sheet date is determined based on recent quoted market prices for these notes which is a level 2 measurement. As discussed in Note 12, “Convertible Notes,” as of December 31, 2020, the convertible notes are carried at their face value of $172.5 million, less any unamortized debt discount and unamortized debt issuance costs. The carrying value of other financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable and other liabilities, approximates fair value due to their short maturities. Information regarding the Company’s goodwill and long-lived assets balances are disclosed in Note 6, “Intangible Assets and Goodwill.”

Leases (Notes)

Leases (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Leases (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2020
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Leases On July 8, 2019, the Company entered into a definitive triple net space lease agreement with 237 North First Street Holdings, LLC (the “Landlord”), whereby the Company leases office space located at 4453 North First Street in San Jose, California, (the “Lease”). In April 2020, the lease was amended for certain terms (the “Amended Lease”). The Amended Lease includes approximately 90,000 square feet of office space, which serves as the Company’s corporate headquarters and includes engineering, sales, marketing and administrative functions. The Amended Lease has a term of 128 months from the amended commencement date in April 2020. The starting rent of the Amended Lease is approximately $3.26 per square foot on a triple net basis. The annual base rent increases each year to certain fixed amounts over the course of the term as set forth in the Amended Lease and will be $4.38 per square foot in the final year of the Amended Lease term. In addition to the base rent, the Company will also pay operating expenses, insurance expenses, real estate taxes, and a management fee under the Amended Lease. The Amended Lease also allows for an option to expand, wherein the Company has the right of first refusal to rent additional space in the building. The Company has a one-time option to extend the Amended Lease for a period of 60 months and may elect to terminate the Amended Lease, via written notice to the Landlord, in the event the office space is damaged or destroyed. Total required payments under the Amended Lease are approximately $41 million. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended Lease, the landlord agreed to reimburse the Company up to $9.0 million, related to a tenant improvement allowance. The lease of the Company’s Sunnyvale, California, headquarters expired on June 30, 2020. Refer to Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies,” for additional information regarding the Company’s leases. The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Years ending December 31, Amount 2021 $ 8,616 2022 7,382 2023 4,570 2024 3,925 2025 4,043 Thereafter 21,325 Total minimum lease payments 49,861 Less: amount of lease payments representing interest (10,832) Present value of future minimum lease payments 39,029 Less: current obligations under leases (4,724) Long-term lease obligations $ 34,305 As of December 31, 2020, the weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company’s operating leases was 8.1 years, and the weighted-average discount rate used to determine the present value of the Company’s operating leases was 4.2%. Operating lease costs included in research and development and selling, general and administrative costs on the statement of operations were $9.5 million and $9.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Rent expense, recorded under accounting guidance in effect prior to January 1, 2019 when the New Leasing Standard became effective for the Company, was approximately $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Balance Sheet Details

Balance Sheet Details	12 Months Ended
Balance Sheet Details	Dec. 31, 2020
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]
Balance Sheet Details	Balance Sheet Details Inventories Inventories consisted of the following: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Raw materials $ 7,945 $ 3,997 Work in process 650 1,455 Finished goods 5,871 4,634 Total $ 14,466 $ 10,086 Property, Plant and Equipment, net Property, plant and equipment, net is comprised of the following: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Computer software $ 49,862 $ 50,453 Computer equipment 32,122 36,761 Furniture and fixtures 11,100 16,136 Leasehold improvements 9,658 10,316 Machinery 10,378 10,446 Construction in progress 27,250 1,691 Property, plant and equipment, gross 140,370 125,803 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (82,677) (81,089) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 57,693 $ 44,714 Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $21.2 million, $15.2 million and $10.7 million, respectively. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Gain (Loss) Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss) is comprised of the following: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Foreign currency translation adjustments $ 129 $ 105 Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of tax (210) (197) Total $ (81) $ (92)

Convertible Notes

Convertible Notes	12 Months Ended
Convertible Notes	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Convertible Notes	Convertible Notes The Company’s convertible notes are shown in the following table: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2023 Notes $ 172,500 $ 172,500 Unamortized discount - 2023 Notes (15,420) (22,163) Unamortized debt issuance costs - 2023 Notes (1,049) (1,549) Total convertible notes 156,031 148,788 Less current portion — — Total long-term convertible notes $ 156,031 $ 148,788 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023. On November 17, 2017, the Company issued $172.5 million aggregate principal amount of 1.375% convertible senior notes pursuant to an indenture (the “2023 Indenture”), by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). In accounting for the 2023 Notes at issuance, the Company separated the 2023 Notes into liability and equity components pursuant to the accounting standards for convertible debt instruments that may be fully or partially settled in cash upon conversion. As of the date of issuance, the Company determined that the liability component of the 2023 Notes was $137.3 million and the equity component of the 2023 Notes was $35.2 million. The fair value of the liability component was estimated using an interest rate for a similar instrument without a conversion feature. The unamortized discount related to the 2023 Notes is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over approximately five years. The 2023 Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.375% per year, payable semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2018. The 2023 Notes will mature on February 1, 2023, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted pursuant to their terms. The Company incurred transaction costs of approximately $3.3 million related to the issuance of 2023 Notes. In accounting for these costs, the Company allocated the costs to the liability and equity components in proportion to the allocation of proceeds from the issuance of the 2023 Notes to such components. Transaction costs allocated to the liability component of $2.6 million are netted against the carrying amount of the liability in the consolidated balance sheet and are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2023 Notes. The transaction costs allocated to the equity component of $0.7 million were recorded as additional paid-in capital. The initial conversion rate of the 2023 Notes is 52.8318 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2023 Notes (which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $18.93 per share). The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the 2023 Indenture), the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares for a holder that elects to convert its 2023 Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding November 1, 2022, the 2023 Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after March 31, 2018, and only during such calendar quarter, if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is more than 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period in which, for each trading day of that period, the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 2023 Notes for such trading day was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of specified distributions to holders of our common stock; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions. On or after November 1, 2022, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2023 Notes may convert all or a portion of their 2023 Notes regardless of the foregoing conditions. Upon conversion, the Company will pay cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes to be converted and pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at the Company’s election, in respect of the remainder, if any, of its conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes being converted. The Company may not redeem the 2023 Notes prior to the maturity date and no sinking fund is provided for the 2023 Notes. Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the 2023 Indenture) prior to the maturity date, holders may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the 2023 Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2023 Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The 2023 Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and will rank senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes; equal in right of payment with the Company’s existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, including its “2018 Notes”; effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to any existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables, but excluding intercompany obligations and liabilities) and any preferred stock of subsidiaries of the Company. The following events are considered “events of default” with respect to the 2023 Notes, which may result in the acceleration of the maturity of the 2023 Notes: (1) the Company defaults on the payment when due of any principal of any of the 2023 Notes at maturity or upon exercise of a repurchase right or otherwise; (2) the Company defaults on the payment of any interest, including additional interest, if any, on any of the 2023 Notes, when the interest becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; (3) failure by the Company to comply with its obligation to convert the 2023 Notes in accordance with the 2023 Indenture upon exercise of a holder’s conversion right; (4) failure by the Company to give a fundamental change notice or notice of a specified corporate transaction when due with respect to the Notes; (5) failure by the Company to comply with any of its other agreements contained in the 2023 Notes or the 2023 Indenture for a period of 60 days after written notice from the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding has been received; (6) failure by the Company to pay when due the principal of, or acceleration of, any indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries (as defined in the 2023 Indenture) in excess of $40.0 million principal amount, if such indebtedness is not discharged, or such acceleration is not annulled, for a period of 30 days after written notice to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by holders of 25% or more in aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes then outstanding in accordance with the 2023 Indenture; and (7) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of the Company or any of its Material Subsidiaries (as defined in the Indenture). If such an event of default, other than an event of default described in clause (7) above with respect to the Company, occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by written notice to the Company, or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may, and the Trustee at the request of such holders shall, declare 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all the Notes then outstanding to be due and payable. If an event of default described in clause (7) above occurs, 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes then outstanding will automatically become due and payable. Note Hedges and Warrants. On November 14, 2017 and November 16, 2017, in connection with the 2023 Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (the “Convertible Note Hedge Transactions”) with respect to the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), with certain bank counterparties (the “Counterparties”). The Company paid an aggregate amount of approximately $33.5 million to the Counterparties for the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those in the 2023 Notes, approximately 9.1 million shares of Common Stock, the same number of shares underlying the 2023 Notes, at a strike price that corresponds to the initial conversion price of the 2023 Notes, and are exercisable upon conversion of the 2023 Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions will expire upon the maturity of the 2023 Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are intended to reduce the potential economic dilution upon conversion of the 2023 Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are separate transactions and are not part of the terms of the 2023 Notes. Holders of the 2023 Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. In addition, concurrently with entering into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions, the Company separately entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions, whereby the Company sold to the Counterparties warrants (the “Warrants”) to acquire, collectively, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 9.1 million shares of the Common Stock at an initial strike price of approximately $23.30 per share, which represents a premium of 60% over the last reported sale price of the Common Stock of $14.56 on November 14, 2017. The Company received aggregate proceeds of approximately $23.2 million from the sale of the Warrants to the Counterparties. The Warrants are separate transactions and are not part of the 2023 Notes or Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. Holders of the 2023 Notes and Convertible Note Hedge Transactions will not have any rights with respect to the Warrants. The amounts paid and received for the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions and Warrants have been recorded in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions and Warrants are not re-measured through earnings each reporting period. The amounts paid for the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are tax deductible expenses, while the proceeds received from the Warrants are not taxable. Impact to Earnings per Share. The 2023 Notes will have no impact to diluted earnings per share until the average price of our Common Stock exceeds the conversion price of $18.93 per share because the principal amount of the 2023 Notes is required to be settled in cash upon conversion. Under the treasury stock method, in periods the Company reports net income, the Company is required to include the effect of additional shares that may be issued under the 2023 Notes when the price of the Company’s Common Stock exceeds the conversion price. Under this method, the cumulative dilutive effect of the 2023 Notes would be approximately 9.1 million shares if the average price of the Company’s Common Stock is $18.93. However, upon conversion, there will be no economic dilution from the 2023 Notes, as exercise of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions eliminates any dilution from the 2023 Notes that would have otherwise occurred when the price of the Company’s Common Stock exceeds the conversion price. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are required to be excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share, as they would be anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. The warrants will have a dilutive effect when the average share price exceeds the warrant’s strike price of $23.30 per share. However, upon conversion, the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions would neutralize the dilution from the 2023 Notes so that there would only be dilution from the warrants. 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018. On August 16, 2013, the Company issued $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.125% convertible senior notes pursuant to an indenture (the “2018 Indenture”) by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as the trustee. The 2018 Notes matured on August 15, 2018 (the “Maturity Date”), subject to earlier repurchase or conversion. In accounting for the 2018 Notes at issuance, the Company separated the 2018 Notes into liability and equity components pursuant to the accounting standards for convertible debt instruments that may be fully or partially settled in cash upon conversion. As of the date of issuance, the Company determined that the liability component of the 2018 Notes was $107.7 million and the equity component of the 2018 Notes was $30.3 million. The fair value of the liability component was estimated using an interest rate for a similar instrument without a conversion feature. The unamortized discount related to the 2018 Notes was amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over five years through August 2018. The Company paid cash interest at an annual rate of 1.125% of the principal amount at issuance, semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, commencing on February 15, 2014. The Company incurred transaction costs of approximately $3.6 million related to the issuance of 2018 Notes. In accounting for these costs, the Company allocated the costs to the liability and equity components in proportion to the allocation of proceeds from the issuance of the 2018 Notes to such components. Transaction costs allocated to the liability component of $2.8 million were recorded as deferred offering costs and were amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over five years (the expected term of the debt). The transaction costs allocated to the equity component of $0.8 million were recorded as additional paid-in capital. The 2018 Notes were the Company’s general unsecured obligations, ranking equally in right of payment to all of Rambus’ existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness, including the 2023 Notes, and senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the 2018 Notes. The 2018 Notes were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion rate of 82.8329 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2018 Notes, subject to adjustment in certain events. This is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $12.07 per share of common stock. Holders may have surrendered their 2018 Notes for conversion prior to the close of business day immediately preceding May 15, 2018 only under the following circumstances: ( 1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on December 31, 2013 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the closing sale price of the common stock for 20 or more trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is more than 130% of the conversion price per share of common stock on the last trading day of the preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the ‘‘measurement period’’) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of specified distributions to holders of the Company’s common stock; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after May 15, 2018 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, holders may have converted their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. If a holder elected to convert its 2018 Notes in connection with certain fundamental changes, as that term is defined in the 2018 Indenture, that occurred prior to the Maturity Date, the Company would have, in certain circumstances, increased the conversion rate for 2018 Notes converted in connection with such fundamental changes by a specified number of shares of common stock. Upon conversion of the 2018 Notes, the Company would have paid cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the notes to have been converted and paid or delivered, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock, at the Company’s election, in respect of the remainder, if any, of the Company’s conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the notes converted, as specified in the Indenture. During the third quarter of 2018, the Company paid upon maturity the remaining $81.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes. Additionally, the Company delivered 423,873 shares of the Company’s common stock as settlement related to the in-the-money conversion feature of the 2018 Notes at maturity. The value of the shares delivered was approximately $5.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, none of the conversion conditions were met related to the 2023 Notes. Therefore, the classification of the entire equity component for the 2023 Notes in permanent equity is appropriate as of December 31, 2020. Interest expense related to the notes for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2023 Notes coupon interest at a rate of 1.375% $ 2,372 $ 2,372 $ 2,372 2023 Notes amortization of discount and debt issuance cost at an additional effective interest rate of 4.9% 7,243 6,854 6,486 2018 Notes coupon interest at a rate of 1.125% — — 377 2018 Notes amortization of discount and debt issuance cost at an additional effective interest rate of 5.5% — — 2,756 Total interest expense on convertible notes $ 9,615 $ 9,226 $ 11,991

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies On December 15, 2009, the Company entered into a lease agreement for approximately 125,000 square feet of office space located at 1050 Enterprise Way in Sunnyvale, California, which commenced on July 1, 2010 and expired on June 30, 2020. The office space was used for the Company’s corporate headquarters, as well as engineering, sales, marketing and administrative operations and activities. Refer to Note 10, “Leases,” for information regarding the Company’s lease agreement for a new corporate headquarters in San Jose, California. On November 17, 2017, the Company entered into an Indenture with U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, relating to the issuance by the Company of $172.5 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes. Refer to Note 12, “Convertible Notes,” for additional details. As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s material contractual obligations were as follows (in thousands): Total 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Contractual obligations (1) (2) (3) Software licenses (4) $ 18,970 $ 12,541 $ 6,429 $ — $ — $ — Acquisition retention bonuses (5) 6,370 3,370 3,000 — — — Convertible notes 172,500 — — 172,500 — — Interest payments related to convertible notes 5,936 2,372 2,372 1,192 — — Total $ 203,776 $ 18,283 $ 11,801 $ 173,692 $ — $ — ______________________________________ (1) The above table does not reflect possible payments in connection with unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $25.5 million including $23.6 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets and $1.9 million in long-term income taxes payable, as of December 31, 2020. As noted below in Note 19, “Income Taxes,” although it is possible that some of the unrecognized tax benefits could be settled within the next 12 months, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome at this time. (2) For the Company’s lease commitments as of December 31, 2020, refer to Note 10, “Leases.” (3) The Company’s other contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020 were not material. (4) The Company has commitments with various software vendors for agreements generally having terms longer than one year. (5) In connection with the acquisitions of Northwest Logic in August 2019 and the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business in December 2019, the Company is obligated to pay retention bonuses to certain employees subject to certain eligibility and acceleration provisions including the condition of employment. Indemnifications From time to time, the Company indemnifies certain customers as a necessary means of doing business. Indemnification covers customers for losses suffered or incurred by them as a result of any patent, copyright, or other IP infringement or any other claim by any third party arising as result of the applicable agreement with the Company. The Company generally attempts to limit the maximum amount of indemnification that the Company could be required to make under these agreements to the amount of fees received by the Company, however, this is not always possible. The fair value of the liability as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was not material.

Equity Incentive Plans and Stoc

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation	12 Months Ended
Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation	Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation Equity Incentive Plans The Company has three equity incentive plans under which grants are currently outstanding: the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”), the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) and the 2019 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Inducement Plan”). On April 23, 2015, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2015 Plan, which replaced the 2006 Plan. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2019, the Company adopted the 2019 Inducement Plan and, subject to the adjustment provisions of the 2019 Inducement Plan, reserved 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for issuance pursuant to equity awards granted under the 2019 Inducement Plan. The 2015 Plan and 2019 Inducement Plan were the Company’s only plans for providing stock-based incentive awards to eligible employees, executive officers, non-employee directors and consultants as of December 31, 2020. Grants under all plans typically have a requisite service period of 60 months or 48 months, have straight-line vesting schedules and expire not more than 10 years from date of grant. No further awards will be made under the 2006 Plan, but the 2006 Plan will continue to govern awards previously granted under it. In addition, any shares subject to stock options or other awards granted under the 2006 Plan that on or after the effective date of the 2015 Plan are forfeited, cancelled, exchanged or surrendered or terminate under the 2006 Plan will become available for grant under the 2015 Plan. The Board will periodically review actual share consumption under the 2015 Plan and may make a request for additional shares as needed. The 2019 Inducement Plan provides for the grant of equity-based awards, including nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, performance shares and performance units, and its terms are substantially similar to the Company’s 2015 Plan. However, awards under the 2019 Inducement Plan may only be granted to individuals who previously have not been employees or non-employee directors of the Company (or who will become employed following a bona fide period of non-employment or service with the Company), as an inducement material to the individuals’ entry into employment with the Company, or, to the extent permitted by Rule 5635(c)(3) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, in connection with a merger or acquisition. A summary of shares available for grant under the Company’s plans is as follows: Shares Available for Grant Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2017 5,051,147 Increase in shares approved for issuance 5,500,000 Stock options granted (711,479) Stock options forfeited 877,803 Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (1) (2) (4,993,802) Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (1) 4,350,377 Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2018 10,074,046 Increase in shares approved for issuance (3) 400,000 Stock options granted (80,000) Stock options forfeited 426,960 Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (1) (4) (7,261,845) Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (1) 3,267,702 Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2019 6,826,863 Increase in shares approved for issuance (5) 7,800,000 Stock options granted (40,000) Stock options forfeited 101,816 Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (1) (6) (3,528,401) Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (1) 1,252,042 Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2020 12,412,320 ______________________________________ (1) For purposes of determining the number of shares available for grant under the 2015 Plan against the maximum number of shares authorized, each restricted stock granted reduces the number of shares available for grant by 1.5 shares and each restricted stock forfeited increases shares available for grant by 1.5 shares. (2) Amount includes 0.5 million shares that had been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below. (3) Shares were reserved under the 2019 Inducement Plan adopted in the third quarter of 2019. (4) Amount includes 1.0 million shares that have been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below. (5) On April 30, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved an additional 7,800,000 shares for issuance under the 2015 Plan. (6) Amount includes 0.5 million shares that have been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below. General Stock Option Information The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and information regarding stock options outstanding, exercisable, and vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2020: Options Outstanding Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In thousands, except per share amounts and years) Number of Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2017 4,310,361 $ 9.78 Options granted 711,479 $ 12.84 Options exercised (908,146) $ 6.70 Options forfeited (877,803) $ 13.73 Outstanding as of December 31, 2018 3,235,891 $ 10.25 Options granted 80,000 $ 13.25 Options exercised (1,249,785) $ 7.79 Options forfeited (426,960) $ 13.71 Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 1,639,146 $ 11.37 Options granted 40,000 $ 15.59 Options exercised (613,119) $ 10.74 Options forfeited (101,816) $ 19.41 Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 964,211 $ 11.08 5.04 $ 6,151 Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2020 961,925 $ 11.08 5.03 $ 6,143 Options exercisable at December 31, 2020 781,102 $ 10.51 4.31 $ 5,432 Employee Stock Purchase Plan During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company had one employee stock purchase plan, the 2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2015 ESPP”). Employees generally will be eligible to participate in the plan if they are employed by Rambus for more than 20 hours per week and more than five months in a fiscal year. The 2015 ESPP provides for six-month offering periods, with a new offering period commencing on the first trading day on or after May 1 and November 1 of each year. Under the plans, employees may purchase stock at the lower of 85% of the beginning of the offering period (the enrollment date), or the end of each offering period (the purchase date). Employees generally may not purchase more than the number of shares having a value greater than $25,000 in any calendar year, as measured at the purchase date. The Company issued 467,065 shares at a weighted-average price of $10.51 per share during the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company issued 629,438 shares at a weighted-average price of $8.53 per share during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company issued 541,395 shares at a weighted-average price of $9.99 per share during the year ended December 31, 2018. On April 30, 2020, the Company's stockholders approved an additional 2,000,000 shares to be reserved for issuance under the 2015 ESPP. As of December 31, 2020, 3,198,375 shares under the ESPP remained available for issuance. Stock-Based Compensation Stock Options During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the number of stock options granted were not material. During the year ended December 31, 2018, Rambus granted 711,479 stock options with an estimated total grant-date fair value of $3.0 million. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, Rambus recorded stock-based compensation related to stock options of $0.6 million, $1.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, there was $1.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, related to unvested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the stock option plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years. The total fair value of options vested for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $3.3 million, $6.7 million and $12.9 million, respectively. Employee Stock Purchase Plans During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, Rambus recorded stock-based compensation related to the ESPP of $1.5 million, $1.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, there was $0.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the ESPP. That cost is expected to be recognized over four months. Valuation Assumptions Rambus estimates the fair value of stock awards using the BSM model. The BSM model determines the fair value of stock-based compensation and is affected by Rambus’ stock price on the date of the grant as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include expected volatility, expected life of the award, expected dividend rate, and expected risk-free rate of return. The assumptions for expected volatility and expected life are the two assumptions that significantly affect the grant-date fair value. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, stock-based compensation expense and Rambus’ results of operations could be materially impacted. The fair value of stock awards is estimated as of the grant date using the BSM option-pricing model assuming a dividend yield of 0% and the additional weighted-average assumptions as listed in the table below. The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted that contain only service conditions in the periods presented: Stock Option Plan for Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Stock Option Plan Expected stock price volatility 38% 33%-36% 24%-32% Risk free interest rate 0.2% 1.4%-1.6% 2.6%-2.8% Expected term (in years) 5.5 5.1-5.2 5.8 Weighted-average fair value of stock options granted $5.46 $4.36 $4.23 Employee Stock Purchase Plan for Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan Expected stock price volatility 37%-46% 32% 27%-34% Risk free interest rate 0.1% 1.6%-2.4% 2.05%-2.5% Expected term (in years) 0.5 0.5 0.5 Weighted-average fair value of purchase rights granted under the purchase plan $3.46 $3.13 $2.59 Expected Stock Price Volatility: Given the volume of market activity in its market traded options, Rambus determined that it would use the implied volatility of its nearest-to-the-money traded options. The Company believes that the use of implied volatility is more reflective of market conditions and a better indicator of expected volatility than historical volatility. If there is not sufficient volume in its market traded options, the Company will use an equally weighted blend of historical and implied volatility. Risk-free Interest Rate: Rambus bases the risk-free interest rate used in the BSM valuation method on implied yield currently available on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent term. Where the expected terms of Rambus’ stock-based awards do not correspond with the terms for which interest rates are quoted, Rambus uses an approximation based on rates on the closest term currently available. Expected Term: The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The expected term was determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. The expected term of ESPP grants is based upon the length of each respective purchase period. Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units The Company grants nonvested equity stock units to officers, directors and employees. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted nonvested equity stock units totaling 2.0 million, 4.2 million and 3.0 million shares, respectively. These awards have a service condition, generally a service period of four years, except in the case of grants to directors, for which the service period is one year. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the fair value of nonvested equity stock units at the date of grant was approximately $31.0 million, $43.0 million and $38.1 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted performance unit awards to certain Company executive officers with vesting subject to the achievement of certain performance and/or market conditions. The ultimate number of performance units that can be earned can range from 0% to 200% of target depending on performance relative to target over the applicable period. The shares earned will vest on the third anniversary of the date of grant. The Company’s shares available for grant has been reduced to reflect the shares that could be earned at the maximum target. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of approximately $23.7 million, $23.9 million and $18.6 million, respectively, related to all outstanding nonvested equity stock grants. Unrecognized stock-based compensation related to all nonvested equity stock grants, net of an estimate of forfeitures, was approximately $34.5 million at December 31, 2020. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years. The following table reflects the activity related to nonvested equity stock and stock units for the three years ended December 31, 2020: Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units Shares Weighted-Average Nonvested at December 31, 2017 5,861,349 $ 12.68 Granted 2,978,558 $ 12.77 Vested (1,713,930) $ 12.39 Forfeited (2,266,842) $ 12.97 Nonvested at December 31, 2018 4,859,135 $ 12.71 Granted 4,233,701 $ 10.17 Vested (1,896,283) $ 12.40 Forfeited (1,907,070) $ 11.33 Nonvested at December 31, 2019 5,289,483 $ 11.27 Granted 1,986,117 $ 15.60 Vested (1,693,659) $ 11.70 Forfeited (730,676) $ 11.83 Nonvested at December 31, 2020 4,851,265 $ 12.82

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity	Dec. 31, 2020
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders’ Equity On January 21, 2015, the Company’s Board approved a share repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to an aggregate of 20.0 million shares (the “2015 Repurchase Program”). Share repurchases under the 2015 Repurchase Program were made through the open market, established plans or privately negotiated transactions in accordance with all applicable securities laws, rules, and regulations. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock under the 2015 Repurchase Program. On October 29, 2020, the Company’s Board approved a new share repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to an aggregate of 20.0 million shares (the “2020 Repurchase Program”). Share repurchases under the 2020 Repurchase Program may be made through the open market, established plans or privately negotiated transactions in accordance with all applicable securities laws, rules, and regulations. There is no expiration date applicable to the 2020 Repurchase Program. The 2020 Repurchase Program replaced the previous program approved by the Board in January 2015 and canceled the remaining shares outstanding as part of the previous authorization. On November 11, 2020, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase program with Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch as counterparty, through its agent Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. (“Deutsche Bank”) (the “2020 ASR Program”). The 2020 ASR Program was part of the broader share repurchase program previously authorized by the Company’s Board on October 29, 2020. Under the 2020 ASR Program, the Company pre-paid to Deutsche Bank the $50.0 million purchase price for its common stock and, in turn, the Company received an initial delivery of approximately 2.6 million shares of its common stock from Deutsche Bank in the fourth quarter of 2020, which were retired and recorded as a $40.0 million reduction to stockholders’ equity. The remaining $10.0 million of the initial payment was recorded as a reduction to stockholders’ equity as an unsettled forward contract indexed to the Company’s stock. The number of shares to be ultimately purchased by the Company will be determined based on the volume-weighted-average price of the common stock during the terms of the transaction, minus an agreed upon discount between the parties. The 2020 ASR Program is expected to be completed within six months from the beginning of the program. There were no other repurchases of the Company’s common stock during 2020. As of December 31, 2020, there remained an outstanding authorization to repurchase approximately 17.4 million shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock under the current share repurchase program. The Company records share repurchases as a reduction to stockholders’ equity. The Company records a portion of the purchase price of the repurchased shares as an increase to accumulated deficit when the price of the shares repurchased exceeds the average original proceeds per share received from the issuance of common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the cumulative price of $31.5 million was recorded as an increase to accumulated deficit. Convertible Note Hedge Transactions On November 14, 2017 and November 16, 2017, in connection with the 2023 Notes, the Company entered into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions with respect to the Common Stock, with the Counterparties. The Company paid an aggregate amount of approximately $33.5 million to the Counterparties for the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those in the 2023 Notes, approximately 9.1 million shares of Common Stock, the same number of shares underlying the 2023 Notes, at a strike price that corresponds to the initial conversion price of the 2023 Notes, and are exercisable upon conversion of the 2023 Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions will expire upon the maturity of the 2023 Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to the Common Stock upon conversion of the 2023 Notes and/or offset any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted 2023 Notes, as the case may be, in the event that the market price per share of the Common Stock, as measured under the terms of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions, is greater than the strike price of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are separate transactions, entered into by the Company with the Counterparties, and are not part of the terms of the 2023 Notes. Holders of the 2023 Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. Refer to Note 12, “Convertible Notes,” for additional details. Warrant Transactions On November 14, 2017 and November 16, 2017, in connection with the 2023 Notes, the Company sold the Warrants to the Counterparties to acquire, collectively, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 9.1 million shares of the Common Stock at an initial strike price of approximately $23.30 per share, which represents a premium of 60% over the last reported sale price of the Common Stock of $14.56 on November 14, 2017. The Company received aggregate proceeds of approximately $23.2 million from the sale of the Warrants to the Counterparties. The Warrants were sold in private placements to the Counterparties pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. If the market price per share of the Common Stock, as measured under the terms of the Warrants, exceeds the strike price of the Warrants, the Warrants could have a dilutive effect, unless the Company elects, subject to certain conditions, to settle the Warrants in cash. The Warrants are separate transactions, entered into by the Company with the Counterparties, and are not part of the terms of the 2023 Notes. Holders of the 2023 Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Warrants. Refer to Note 12, “Convertible Notes,” for additional details.

Benefit Plans

Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
Benefit Plans	Dec. 31, 2020
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Benefit Plans	Benefit PlansRambus has a 401(k) Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Each eligible employee may elect to contribute up to 60% of the employee’s annual compensation to the 401(k) Plan, up to the Internal Revenue Service limit. Rambus, at the discretion of its Board of Directors, may match employee contributions to the 401(k) Plan. The Company matches 50% of eligible employee’s contribution, up to the first 6% of an eligible employee’s qualified earnings. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, Rambus made matching contributions totaling approximately $1.8 million, $2.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively.

Divestiture (Notes)

Divestiture (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Divestiture (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2020
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Divestiture	Divestiture During the second quarter of 2019, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement with Visa International Service Association (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which the Purchaser agreed to acquire all of the outstanding shares of the Company’s subsidiary, Smart Card Software Limited, which comprises the Company’s Payments and Ticketing businesses, which was part of the Company’s former Rambus Security Division (RSD) segment. The decision to sell these businesses reflected the Company’s ongoing review of its business to focus on products and offerings that are core to its semiconductor business. The sale of the legal entities comprising the Company’s Payments and Ticketing businesses was completed in October 2019. The final gross proceeds from the sale amounted to $82.5 million, which included the selling price of $75.0 million and approximately $7.5 million in net working capital adjustments finalized in October 2019. The $7.5 million in net working capital adjustments is net of a final working capital adjustment due to the buyer of approximately $1.1 million, which the Company paid in cash to the buyer during the first quarter of 2020. The final gross proceeds were offset by approximately $3.8 million in transaction costs for the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company measured these businesses at the lower of their carrying value or fair value less any costs to sell, and recognized a cumulative impairment of approximately $7.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2019. In the second quarter of 2019, in order to determine the impairment loss, the Company performed a relative fair value measurement to allocate goodwill to the business units between the disposed Payments and Ticketing businesses and the retained business, which includes Cryptography Research Inc., which was part of the former RSD segment. The fair value of the retained business was estimated by management using a discounted cash flow model. The Company’s cash flow projections for the retained business included significant judgments and assumptions relating to revenue growth rates, projected operating income and the discount rate. The operating results of these businesses did not qualify for reporting as discontinued operations. The reported results and financial position of the businesses did not necessarily reflect the total value of the businesses that the Company realized upon their sale.

Restructuring Charges

Restructuring Charges	12 Months Ended
Restructuring Charges	Dec. 31, 2020
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring Costs	Restructuring and Other Charges 2020 Restructuring Plan In November 2020, the Company initiated a restructuring program to reduce overall expenses which is expected to improve future profitability by reducing spending on research and development efforts and sales, general and administrative programs (the “2020 Restructuring Plan”). In connection with this restructuring program, the Company initiated a plan of termination resulting in a reduction of approximately 70 employees. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded charges of approximately $3.3 million related primarily to the reduction in workforce. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company paid approximately $0.9 million of the total charges. As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s accrued restructuring balance was approximately $2.4 million. The 2020 Restructuring Plan is expected to be substantially completed in the first half of 2021. 2019 Restructuring Plan In June 2019, the Company initiated a restructuring program to reduce overall expenses which is expected to improve future profitability by reducing spending on research and development efforts and sales, general and administrative programs (the “2019 Restructuring Plan”). In connection with this restructuring program, the Company initiated a plan of termination resulting in a reduction of approximately 80 employees. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded charges of approximately $0.8 million and $8.8 million, respectively, related to the reduction in workforce. The 2019 Restructuring Plan was substantially completed in the second quarter of 2020. 2018 Restructuring Plan On January 30, 2018, the Company announced its plans to close its lighting division and manufacturing operations in Brecksville, Ohio, (“the 2018 Restructuring Plan”). The Company believed that such business was not core to its strategy and growth objectives. In connection therewith, the Company terminated approximately 50 employees, and began the process to exit the facilities in Ohio and sell the related equipment. The Company expected to record restructuring charges of approximately $2.0 million to $5.0 million related to employee terminations and severance costs and facility related costs. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a net charge of $2.2 million, primarily related to the reduction in workforce, of which $2.0 million was related to the lighting division and $0.2 million was related to corporate support functions. The 2018 Restructuring Plan was completed as of December 31, 2019. The Company concluded that the closure of its lighting division did not meet the criteria for reporting as discontinued operations. Consequently, the lighting division’s long-lived assets were reclassified as held for sale. As of December 31, 2018, the Company sold all property, plant and equipment from its lighting division reclassified as held for sale on the consolidated balance sheets of approximately $3.5 million and recognized a gain on the disposal of the held for sale assets of approximately $1.2 million included in restructuring charges on the consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Income (loss) before taxes consisted of the following: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Domestic $ (43,029) $ (81,316) $ (63,829) Foreign 3,398 (5,700) (6,799) $ (39,631) $ (87,016) $ (70,628) The provision for (benefit from) income taxes was comprised of: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Federal: Current $ (456) $ 2,932 $ 5,451 Deferred 2,018 2,016 82,726 State: Current 652 657 333 Deferred (1,528) (1,198) 522 Foreign: Current 3,097 1,708 1,592 Deferred 195 (2,712) (3,295) $ 3,978 $ 3,403 $ 87,329 The differences between Rambus’ effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory regular tax rate were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 U.S. federal statutory rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % State income tax (expense)/benefit (2.5) 0.9 (1.2) Withholding tax (3.7) (3.5) (7.7) Foreign rate differential (4.4) (1.6) (0.2) Research and development credit (4.4) 1.2 2.2 Executive compensation (1.7) (1.2) (0.1) Stock-based compensation 0.6 (2.3) (2.8) Foreign tax credit (85.7) 3.4 7.7 Foreign derived intangible income deduction 12.3 4.6 14.8 Divestiture (18.8) 4.8 — Other 0.7 0.3 0.7 Valuation allowance 76.6 (31.5) (158.0) (10.0) % (3.9) % (123.6) % The components of the net deferred tax assets (liabilities) were as follows: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Deferred tax assets: Depreciation and amortization $ 13,199 $ 13,995 Lease liabilities 8,716 10,734 Other timing differences, accruals and reserves 5,347 9,522 Deferred equity compensation 4,631 4,456 Net operating loss carryovers 15,756 20,900 Tax credits 169,063 233,407 Total gross deferred tax assets 216,712 293,014 Deferred tax liabilities: Lease right-of-use assets (6,392) (10,400) Convertible debt (130) (151) Deferred revenue (45,845) (94,763) Total gross deferred tax liabilities (52,367) (105,314) Total net deferred tax assets 164,345 187,700 Valuation allowance (174,328) (196,972) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (9,983) $ (9,272) As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Reported as: Non-current deferred tax assets $ 4,353 $ 4,574 Non-current deferred tax liabilities (14,336) (13,846) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (9,983) $ (9,272) The Company periodically evaluates the realizability of its net deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative. During the third quarter of 2018, the Company assessed the changes in its underlying facts and circumstances and evaluated the realizability of its existing deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative, and the weight accorded to each, and concluded a full valuation allowance associated with U.S. federal and California deferred tax assets was appropriate. During 2020, as a result of the enactment of California A.B. 85 and the temporary suspension of California net operating loss utilization for tax years 2020 through 2022, the Company released $0.6 million of the valuation allowance on its deferred tax asset for California research and development tax credits. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance on the remainder of its California and U.S. federal deferred tax assets as it does not expect to be able to fully utilize them. The following table presents the tax valuation allowance information for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (In thousands) Balance at Beginning of Period Charged (Credited) to Operations Charged to Other Account* Valuation Allowance Release Valuation Allowance Set up Balance at End of Period Tax Valuation Allowance Year ended December 31, 2018 $ 50,911 — 9,238 — 113,729 $ 173,878 Year ended December 31, 2019 $ 173,878 23,094 — — — $ 196,972 Year ended December 31, 2020 $ 196,972 (22,019) 3 (628) — $ 174,328 ______________________________________ * Amounts not charged to operations are charged to other comprehensive income or retained earnings. As of December 31, 2020, Rambus had California and other state net operating loss carryforwards of $202.2 million and $35.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, Rambus had federal research and development tax credit carryforwards of $38.8 million and foreign tax credits of $123.5 million. As of December 31, 2020, Rambus had California research and development tax credit carryforwards of $30.3 million and California alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards of $0.2 million. The federal foreign tax credits and research and development credits begin to expire in 2021. Approximately $9.9 million of federal foreign tax credits will expire in 2021. The California net operating losses begin to expire in 2027. The California research and development credits carry forward indefinitely. In the event of a change in ownership, as defined under federal and state tax laws, Rambus’ net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards could be subject to annual limitations. The annual limitations could result in the expiration of the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards prior to utilization. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $134.0 million of unrecognized tax benefits including $23.6 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets, $109 million recorded as a reduction of other assets associated with refundable withholding taxes previously withheld from licensees in South Korea (Korea), and $1.9 million recorded in long-term income taxes payable. As a result of recent court rulings in Korea, the Company has determined that they may be entitled to refund claims for foreign taxes previously withheld from licensees in Korea. The Company recognizes that there are numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the ultimate collection of this refund, and has therefore established an offsetting reserve for the entire amount of potentially refundable withholding taxes previously withheld in Korea. If recognized, $110.9 million would be recorded as an income tax benefit in the consolidated statement of operations. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $115.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits including $22.8 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets, $91 million recorded as a reduction of other assets associated with refundable withholding taxes previously withheld from licensees in South Korea (Korea), and $1.8 million recorded in long term income taxes payable. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Balance at January 1 $ 115,653 $ 23,482 $ 22,652 Tax positions related to current year: Additions 18,600 16,485 1,032 Tax positions related to prior years: Additions — 76,158 115 Reductions (209) (472) (317) Settlements — — — Balance at December 31 $ 134,044 $ 115,653 $ 23,482 Rambus recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of the income tax provision (benefit). At December 31, 2020 and 2019, an immaterial amount of interest and penalties are included in long-term income taxes payable. Rambus files income tax returns for the U.S., California, India, and various other state and foreign jurisdictions. The U.S. federal returns are subject to examination from 2016 and forward. The California returns are subject to examination from 2010 and forward. In addition, any research and development credit carryforward or net operating loss carryforward generated in prior years and utilized in these or future years may also be subject to examination. The India returns are subject to examination from fiscal year ending March 2012 and forward. The Company is currently under examination by California for the 2010, 2011 and 2018 tax years. The Company’s India subsidiary is under examination by the Indian tax administration for tax years beginning with 2011, except for 2014, which was assessed in the Company’s favor. These examinations may result in proposed adjustments to the income taxes as filed during these periods. Management regularly assesses the likelihood of outcomes resulting from income tax examinations to determine the adequacy of their provision for income taxes and believes their provision for unrecognized tax benefits is adequate. The estimated potential reduction in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits in the next 12 months would not be material. At December 31, 2020, no other income taxes (state or foreign) have been provided on undistributed earnings of approximately $16.4 million from the Company’s international subsidiaries since these earnings have been, and under current plans will continue to be, indefinitely reinvested outside the United States. However, if such earnings were distributed, the Company would incur approximately $1.8 million of foreign withholding taxes and an immaterial amount of U.S. taxes.

Litigation and Asserted Claims

Litigation and Asserted Claims	12 Months Ended
Litigation and Asserted Claims	Dec. 31, 2020
Litigation And Asserted Claims Disclosure [Abstract]
Litigation and Asserted Claims	Litigation and Asserted Claims Rambus is not currently a party to any material pending legal proceeding; however, from time to time, Rambus may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of its business. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company currently believes that the final outcome of these ordinary course matters will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial position or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management attention and resources and other factors. The Company records a contingent liability when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount is reasonably estimable in accordance with accounting for contingencies.

Acquisitions (Notes)

Acquisitions (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Acquisitions (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Acquisitions	Acquisitions Northwest Logic, Inc. On July 26, 2019, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Northwest Logic, a leading supplier of memory, PCIe, and MIPI digital controllers. On August 23, 2019 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed its acquisition of Northwest Logic by acquiring all issued and outstanding shares of Northwest Logic through the merger of a wholly-owned Rambus subsidiary with Northwest Logic. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Company paid approximately $21.9 million in cash, including certain bonus payments and adjustments for working capital. Of the purchase price, $3.0 million of the consideration was deposited into an escrow account to fund indemnification obligations and other contractual provisions, to be released 24 months after the Closing Date. This acquisition allows the Company to further scale, bringing together high-speed design expertise with the physical and digital IP families from renowned market leaders to offer comprehensive memory and SerDes IP solutions for chip designers. The Company integrated Northwest Logic’s offerings and design team into its IP cores technology solutions. As part of the acquisition, the Company agreed to pay $9.0 million to certain Northwest Logic employees in cash over three years following August 23, 2019 (the “Retention Bonus”), to be paid in three installments of $3.0 million on each of the dates that are 12 months, 24 months and 36 months following the Closing Date. The Retention Bonus payouts are subject to the condition of continued employment, and therefore treated as compensation and expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had incurred approximately $0.7 million in external acquisition costs in connection with the transaction, which were expensed as incurred. The fair value of the assets acquired was determined by management primarily by using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach. This method reflects the present value of the projected cash flows that are expected to be generated by the existing technologies less charges representing the contribution of other assets to those cash flows. The Company performed a valuation of the net assets acquired as of the Closing Date. The total consideration from the business combination was allocated as of the Closing Date, and reflects adjustments made through the measurement period to finalize the purchase price accounting, as follows: (In thousands) Total Cash and cash equivalents $ 159 Accounts receivable 1,679 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 65 Identified intangible assets 8,800 Goodwill 13,477 Operating lease right-of-use asset 178 Other asset 9 Accounts payable (9) Operating lease liability (178) Other current liabilities (108) Deferred tax liability, net (2,133) Total $ 21,939 The goodwill arising from the acquisition is primarily attributed to synergies related to the combination of new and complementary technologies of the Company and the assembled workforce of Northwest Logic. This goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. The identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisition of Northwest Logic were recognized as follows based upon their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date: Total Estimated Weighted-Average Useful Life (in thousands) (in years) Existing technology $ 8,100 5 Customer contracts and contractual relationships 400 2 Customer backlog 300 0.5 Total $ 8,800 Secure Silicon IP and Protocols Business from Verimatrix On September 11, 2019, the Company announced it had signed an asset purchase agreement to acquire the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business from Verimatrix, formerly Inside Secure, for $65.0 million in cash. On December 8, 2019 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed its acquisition of the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business. Under the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement, as amended, the Company paid approximately $45.0 million in cash at the Closing Date, and may have been required to pay up to an additional $20.0 million, at that time valued at $1.8 million (the “fair value of the earn-out liability”), subject to certain revenue targets of the transferred business for the calendar year 2020. Since the specified targets were not met for calendar year 2020, the Company recorded a full reduction in the fair value of the earn-out liability, which resulted in a gain in the consolidated statements of operations. The addition of the embedded security teams, products and expertise from the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business augments the Company’s portfolio of mission-critical embedded security products and expands its offerings for data center, AI, networking and automotive. The total adjusted purchase consideration for the acquisition of the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business was $46.8 million, which consisted of the following: (In thousands) Total Cash consideration transferred at the Closing Date $ 45,000 Fair value of earn-out liability 1,800 Total adjusted purchase price $ 46,800 As part of the acquisition, the Company agreed to pay $1.0 million to certain employees in cash over two years effective January 1, 2020 (the “Retention Bonus”), to be paid in arrears in the fourth quarter of 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Retention Bonus payouts are subject to the condition of continued employment, and therefore treated as compensation and expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had incurred approximately $3.1 million in external acquisition costs in connection with the transaction, which were expensed as incurred. The fair value of the assets acquired was determined by management primarily by using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach. This method reflects the present value of the projected cash flows that are expected to be generated by the existing technologies less charges representing the contribution of other assets to those cash flows. The Company performed a valuation of the net assets acquired as of the Closing Date. The Company performed a valuation of the net assets acquired as of the Closing Date. The total consideration from the acquisition was allocated as follows: (In thousands) Total Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 267 Unbilled receivables 6,765 Operating lease right-of-use assets 852 Identified intangible assets 23,500 Goodwill 16,845 Deferred revenue (310) Operating lease liabilities (852) Other current liabilities (267) Total $ 46,800 The goodwill arising from the acquisition is primarily attributed to synergies related to the combination of new and complementary technologies of the Company and the assembled workforce of the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business. Approximately $15.0 million of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisition of the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business were recognized as follows based upon their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date: Total Estimated Weighted-Average Useful Life (in thousands) (in years) Existing technology $ 21,600 3 to 5 years Customer contracts and contractual relationships 900 5 years IPR&D 1,000 Not applicable Total $ 23,500 IPR&D consisted of one project, primarily relating to the development of Media Access Control Security frame engines, which was part of the Silicon IP solutions. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the project was completed and the asset is being amortized over its useful life of five years. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the amortization for the completed project was not material. Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Financial Information The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations for the Company and Northwest Logic as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2018. The unaudited pro forma financial information has been prepared for comparative purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of the actual operating results that would have been recorded had the acquisition actually taken place on January 1, 2018, and should not be taken as indicative of future consolidated operating results. Additionally, the unaudited pro forma financial results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits from the acquisition (unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts): Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 Revenue $ 231,492 $ 241,049 Net loss $ (90,688) $ (160,742) Net loss per share - diluted $ (0.82) $ (1.48) Pro forma loss for 2019 was adjusted to exclude $0.7 million of acquisition-related costs incurred in 2019. Consequently, pro forma loss for 2018 was adjusted to include these costs. Pro forma financial information on the combined results of operations for the Company and the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2018 has not been presented as it was impracticable to prepare full financial statements for the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business, given that the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business had not been managed as a stand-alone business and thus stand-alone financial statements were not readily available. Additionally, the revenue recognized from the Northwest Logic and Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business acquisitions was not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements during the year ended December 31, 2019, either individually or in the aggregate. Furthermore, the Company does not track operating results from these businesses separately.

CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINA

CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)	12 Months Ended
CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)	Dec. 31, 2020
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)	Supplementary Financial Data RAMBUS INC. CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA Quarterly Statements of Operations (Unaudited) (In thousands, except for per share amounts) Dec. 31, 2020 Sept. 30, 2020 June 30, 2020 March 31, 2020 Dec. 31, 2019 Sept. 30, 2019 June 30, 2019 March 31, 2019 Total revenue $ 61,913 $ 56,915 $ 59,930 $ 63,989 $ 59,947 $ 57,399 $ 58,297 $ 48,384 Total cost of revenue $ 13,451 $ 15,264 $ 16,148 $ 15,885 $ 14,576 $ 12,574 $ 13,027 $ 11,198 Gross profit $ 48,462 $ 41,651 $ 43,782 $ 48,104 $ 45,371 $ 44,825 $ 45,270 $ 37,186 Total operating expenses $ 59,466 $ 54,151 $ 56,246 $ 58,943 $ 58,582 $ 67,698 $ 82,316 $ 68,595 Operating loss $ (11,004) $ (12,500) $ (12,464) $ (10,839) $ (13,211) $ (22,873) $ (37,046) $ (31,409) Net loss $ (12,066) $ (12,779) $ (10,781) $ (7,983) $ (9,532) $ (17,331) $ (36,980) $ (26,576) Net loss per share — basic $ (0.11) $ (0.11) $ (0.09) $ (0.07) $ (0.09) $ (0.16) (0.33) $ (0.24) Net loss per share — diluted $ (0.11) $ (0.11) $ (0.09) $ (0.07) $ (0.09) $ (0.16) (0.33) $ (0.24) Shares used in per share calculations — basic 112,706 113,828 113,572 112,907 111,883 111,315 110,875 109,692 Shares used in per share calculations — diluted 112,706 113,828 113,572 112,907 111,883 111,315 110,875 109,692

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Financial Statement Presentation	Financial Statement Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rambus and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Investments in entities with more than 20% ownership by Rambus and in which Rambus has the ability to significantly influence the operations of the investee (but not control) are accounted for using the equity method and are included in other assets.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications	Reclassifications Certain prior year balances were reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. None of these reclassifications had an impact on reported net income or cash flows for any of the periods presented.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods and services in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods and services. Substantially all of the goods and services are distinct and are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Where an arrangement includes multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to these on a relative standalone selling price basis. The Company has established standalone selling prices for all of its offerings - specifically, the same pricing methodology is consistently applied to all licensing arrangements; all services offerings are priced within tightly controlled bands and all contracts that include support and maintenance state a renewal rate or price that is systematically enforced. Rambus’ revenue consists of royalty, product and contract and other revenue. Royalty revenue consists of patent and technology license royalties. Products primarily consist of memory interface chips sold directly and indirectly to module manufacturers and OEMs worldwide through multiple channels, including our direct sales force and distributors. Contract and other revenue consists of software license fees, engineering fees associated with integration of Rambus’ technology solutions into its customers’ products and support and maintenance fees. Royalty Revenue Rambus’ patent and technology licensing arrangements generally range between one year and ten years in duration and generally grant the licensee the right to use the Company’s entire intellectual property (“IP”) portfolio as it evolves over time. These arrangements do not typically grant the licensee the right to terminate for convenience and where such rights exist, termination is prospective, with no refund of fees already paid by the licensee. There is no interdependency or interrelation between the IP included in the portfolio licensed upon contract inception and any IP subsequently made available to the licensee, and the Company would be able to fulfill its promises by transferring the portfolio and the additional IP use rights independently. However, the numbers of additions to, and removals from the portfolio (for example when a patent expires and renewal is not granted to the Company) in any given period have historically been relatively consistent; as such, the Company does not allocate the transaction price between the rights granted at contract inception and those subsequently granted over time as a function of these additions. Patent and technology licensing arrangements result in fixed payments received over time, with guaranteed minimum payments on occasion, variable payments calculated based on the licensee’s sale or use of the IP, or a mix of fixed and variable payments. • For fixed-fee arrangements (including arrangements that include minimum guaranteed amounts), the Company recognizes revenue upon control over the underlying IP use right transferring to the licensee, net of the effect of significant financing components calculated using customer-specific, risk-adjusted lending rates ranging between 3% and 5%, with the related interest income being recognized over time on an effective rate basis. Where a licensee has the contractual right to terminate a fixed-fee arrangement for convenience without any substantive penalty payable upon such termination, the Company applies the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606 (“ASC 606”) to the duration of the contract in which the parties have present enforceable rights and obligations and only recognizes revenue for amounts that are due and payable. • For variable arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue based on an estimate of the licensee’s sale or usage of the IP during the period of reference, typically quarterly, with a true-up recorded when the Company receives the actual royalty report from the licensee. Product Revenue Product revenue is recognized upon shipment of product to customers, net of accruals for estimated sales returns and allowances, and to distributors, net of accruals for price protection and rights of return on products unsold by the distributors. To date, none of these accruals have been significant. The Company transacts with direct customers primarily pursuant to standard purchase orders for delivery of products and generally allows customers to cancel or change purchase orders within limited notice periods prior to the scheduled shipment date. Contract and Other Revenue Contract and other revenue consists of software license fees and engineering fees associated with integration of Rambus’ technology solutions into its customers’ related support and maintenance. An initial software arrangement generally consists of a term-based or perpetual license, significant software customization services and support and maintenance services that include post-implementation customer support and the right to unspecified software updates and enhancements on a when and if available basis. The Company recognizes license and customization services revenue based on an over time model, measured using the input method. License and customization services revenue is reported as part of contract and other revenue which was approximately $19.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Due to the nature of the work performed in these arrangements, the estimation of the over time model is complex and involves significant judgment. The key factor reviewed by management to estimate costs to complete each contract is the estimated man-months necessary to complete the project. The Company recognizes license renewal revenue at the beginning of the renewal period. Significant Judgments Historically and with the exception noted below, no significant judgment has generally been required in determining the amount and timing of revenue from the Company’s contracts with customers. • The Company has adequate tools and controls in place, and substantial experience and expertise in timely and accurately tracking man-months incurred in completing customization and other professional services, and quantifying changes in estimates. Key estimates used in recognizing revenue predominantly consist of the following: • For fixed-fee arrangements in which cash is being received over a period exceeding a year, the Company calculates a customer-specific lending rate using a Daily Treasury Yield Curve Rate that changes depending on the date on which the licensing arrangement was entered into and the term (in years) of the arrangement, and takes into consideration a licensee-specific risk profile determined based on a review of the licensee’s “Full Company View” Dun & Bradstreet report obtained on the date the licensing arrangement was signed by the parties, with a risk premium being added to the Daily Treasury Yield Curve Rate considering the overall business risk, financing strength and risk indicators, as listed. • The Company recognizes revenue on variable fee licensing arrangements on the basis of estimates. Contract Balances Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to the Company’s customers. The Company records contract assets when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing, and a contract liability when revenue is recognized subsequent to invoicing. The contract assets are transferred to receivables when the billing occurs.
Cost of Revenue	Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue includes cost of professional services, materials, including cost of wafers processed by third-party foundries, cost associated with packaging and assembly, test and shipping, cost of personnel, including stock-based compensation, and equipment associated with manufacturing support, logistics and quality assurance, warranty cost, amortization of existing technology, write-down of inventories, amortization of production mask costs, overhead and an allocated portion of occupancy costs.
Leases	Leases The Company adopted the New Leasing Standard as of January 1, 2019 using the alternative transition method provided by ASU No. 2018-11 and did not recast comparative periods. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. Additionally, the Company elected the practical expedient related to non-lease components and made the policy election for the short-term leases exemptions. The Company used its incremental borrowing rate to measure the lease liabilities at the adoption date for its existing operating leases that commenced prior to January 1, 2019, which was based on the remaining lease term and remaining lease payments for such leases. The Company leases office space, domestically and internationally, under operating leases. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms between one year and ten years. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any finance leases. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception. The Company assesses all relevant facts and circumstances in making the determination of the existence of a lease. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments, and uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. Many of the Company’s leases include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into the determination of lease payments when appropriate. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, and the Company does not separate non-lease components from lease components. Operating lease costs are included in research and development and selling, general and administrative costs on the statement of operations.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets	Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization, but is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment. The Company performs its impairment analysis of goodwill on an annual basis during the fourth quarter of the year unless conditions arise that warrant a more frequent evaluation. When goodwill is assessed for impairment, the Company has the option to perform an assessment of qualitative factors of impairment (optional assessment) prior to necessitating a quantitative impairment test. Should the optional assessment be used for any given year, qualitative factors to consider for a reporting unit include: cost factors; financial performance; legal, regulatory, contractual, political, business, or other factors; entity specific factors; industry and market considerations; macroeconomic conditions; and other relevant events and factors affecting the reporting unit. If the Company determines in the qualitative assessment that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, a quantitative test is then performed. Otherwise, no further testing is required. For a reporting unit tested using a quantitative approach, the Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit with the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill. The fair value of the reporting unit is estimated using an income approach. Under the income approach, the Company measures fair value of the reporting unit based on a projected cash flow method using a discount rate determined by its management which is commensurate with the risk inherent in its current business model. The Company’s discounted cash flow projections are based on its annual financial forecasts developed internally by management for use in managing its business. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, then the amount of goodwill impairment will be the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of December 31, 2020 and determined that there was no impairment of its goodwill. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges. Intangible Assets Intangible assets are comprised of existing technology, customer contracts and contractual relationships, and other definite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets. Identifiable intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the purchase method of accounting are estimated by management based on the fair value of assets received. Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives ranging from six months to ten Acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the Company’s in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) are capitalized and subject to impairment testing until completion or abandonment of the projects. Upon successful completion of each project, the Company makes a separate determination of the useful life of the acquired indefinite-lived intangible assets and the related amortization is recorded as an expense over the estimated useful life of the specific projects. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment, applying a fair-value based test. Under the income approach, the Company measures fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets based on a projected cash flow method using a discount rate determined by its management which is commensurate with the risk inherent in its current business model. The Company’s discounted cash flow projections are based on its annual financial forecasts developed internally by management for use in managing its business. If the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeds its carrying value, the indefinite-lived intangible assets are not impaired and no further testing is required. If the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets is less than the carrying value, the difference is recorded as an impairment loss.
Inventories	Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventories are reduced for write-downs based on periodic reviews for evidence of slow-moving or obsolete parts. The write-down is based on comparison between inventory on hand and estimated future sales for each specific product. Once written down, inventory write-downs are not reversed until the inventory is sold or scrapped. Inventory write-downs are also established when conditions indicate that the net realizable value is less than cost due to physical deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price level or other causes.
Property, Plant and Equipment	Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment include computer equipment, computer software, machinery, leasehold improvements, and furniture and fixtures. Computer equipment, computer software, machinery, and furniture and fixtures are stated at cost and generally depreciated on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of three years, three years to five years, two years or
Intangible Assets Impairment	Definite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Asset Impairment The Company evaluates definite-lived and indefinite-lived assets (including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable. The carrying value is not recoverable if it exceeds the undiscounted cash flows resulting from the use of the asset group and its eventual disposition. The Company’s estimates of future cash flows attributable to its asset groups require significant judgment based on its historical and anticipated results and are subject to many factors. Factors that the Company considers important which could trigger an impairment review include significant negative industry or economic trends, significant loss of clients, and significant changes in the manner of its use of the acquired assets or the strategy for its overall business. When the Company determines that the carrying value of the asset groups may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, the Company measures the potential impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by the Company to be commensurate with the risk inherent in the Company’s current business model. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of the asset group is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The impairment charge is recorded to reduce the pre-impairment carrying amount of the assets based on the relative carrying amount of those assets, though not to reduce the carrying amount of an asset below its fair value. Different assumptions and judgments could materially affect the calculation of the fair value of the assets. During 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not recognize any impairment of its definite-lived and indefinite-lived assets.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for expected future tax events that have been recognized differently in Rambus’ consolidated financial statements and tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on provisions of the enacted tax law and the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts expected to be realized based on available evidence. In addition, the calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. As a result, the Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in its tax return. The Company considers many factors when evaluating and estimating its tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately anticipate actual outcomes.
Stock-Based Compensation and Equity Incentive Plans	Stock-Based Compensation and Equity Incentive Plans The Company maintained stock plans covering a broad range of equity grants including stock options, nonvested equity stock and equity stock units and performance-based instruments. In addition, the Company sponsors an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), whereby eligible employees are entitled to purchase Common Stock semi-annually, by means of limited payroll deductions, at a 15% discount from the fair market value of the Common Stock as of specific dates. The Company determines compensation expense associated with restricted stock units based on the fair value of its common stock on the date of grant. The Company determines compensation expense associated with stock options based on the estimated grant-date fair value method using the Black-Scholes Merton (“BSM”) valuation model. The Company generally recognizes compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the respective vesting period for awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Stock-based compensation expense for 2020, 2019 and 2018 has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. When estimating forfeitures, the Company considers voluntary termination behaviors as well as trends of actual option forfeitures.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. The Company maintains its cash balances with high quality financial institutions. Cash equivalents are invested in highly-rated and highly-liquid money market securities and certain U.S. government sponsored obligations.
Marketable Securities	Marketable Securities Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, based on quoted market prices, with the unrealized gains or losses reported, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity, both of which are included in interest and other income, net. Realized gains and losses are recorded on the specific identification method and are included in interest and other income, net. The Company reviews its investments in marketable securities for possible other than temporary impairments on a regular basis. If any loss on investment is believed to be a credit loss, a charge will be recognized in operations. In evaluating whether a credit loss on a debt security has occurred, the Company considers the following factors: 1) the Company’s intent to sell the security, 2) if the Company intends to hold the security, whether or not it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost basis and 3) even if the Company intends to hold the security, whether or not the Company expects the security to recover the entire amortized cost basis. Due to the high credit quality and short-term nature of the Company’s investments, there have been no material credit losses recorded to date. The classification of funds between short-term and long-term is based on whether the securities are available for use in operations or other purposes.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying value of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to their relatively short maturities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Marketable securities are comprised of available-for-sale securities that are reported at fair value with the related unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax. Fair value of the marketable securities is determined based on quoted market prices. The fair value of the Company’s convertible notes fluctuates with interest rates and with the market price of the common stock, but does not affect the carrying value of the debt on the balance sheet.
Research and Development	Research and Development Costs incurred in research and development, which include engineering expenses, such as salaries and related benefits, stock-based compensation, depreciation, professional services and overhead expenses related to the general development of Rambus’ products, are expensed as incurred. Software development costs are capitalized beginning when a product’s technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is available for general release to customers. Rambus has not capitalized any software development costs since the period between establishing technological feasibility and general customer release is relatively short and as such, these costs have not been material.
Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share	Computation of Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the earnings (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of incremental common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, employee stock purchases, restricted stock and restricted stock units, and shares issuable upon the conversion of convertible notes. The dilutive effect of outstanding shares is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. This method includes consideration of the amounts to be paid by the employees, the amount of excess tax benefits that would be recognized in equity if the instrument was exercised and the amount of unrecognized stock-based compensation related to future services. No potential dilutive common shares are included in the computation of any diluted per share amount when a net loss is reported.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, including foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities. Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, is presented in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Credit Concentration	Credit Concentration As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were invested with various financial institutions in the form of corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper, money market funds, U.S. Treasuries, U.S. Government Agencies, and municipal bonds and notes. The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to its investment portfolio. The Company places its investments with high credit issuers and, by investment policy, attempts to limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. As stated in the Company’s investment policy, it will ensure the safety and preservation of the Company’s invested funds by limiting default risk and market risk. The Company has no investments denominated in foreign country currencies and therefore is not subject to foreign exchange risk from these assets. The Company mitigates default risk by investing in high credit quality securities and by positioning its portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to enable portfolio liquidity. The Company’s note hedge transactions, entered into in connection with the 1.375% convertible senior notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”), expose the Company to credit risk to the extent that its counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the transactions. The Company mitigates this risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions. Refer to Note 12, “Convertible Notes” for further details. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Refer to Note 7, “Segments and Major Customers” for further details. The Company’s unbilled receivables are collected from customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Refer to Note 4, “Revenue Recognition” for further details.
Foreign Currency Translation	Foreign Currency Translation and Re-Measurement The Company translates the assets and liabilities of its non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the end of each period. Revenue and expenses for these subsidiaries are translated using rates that approximate those in effect during the period. Gains and losses from these translations are recognized in foreign currency translation included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Gain (Loss) in the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. The Company’s subsidiaries that use the U.S. dollar as their functional currency re-measure monetary assets and liabilities at exchange rates in effect at the end of each period, and inventories, property and non-monetary assets and liabilities at historical rates. Additionally, foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in interest income and other (income) expense, net, in the consolidated statements of operations and were not material in the periods presented. Subsequent to the divestiture of the Company’s Payments and Ticketing businesses in 2019, the U.S. dollar is primarily the functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations The Company accounts for acquisitions of businesses using the purchase method of accounting, which requires the Company to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as contingent consideration, where applicable, the estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the consolidated statements of operations. Accounting for business combinations requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the acquisition date including the Company’s estimates for intangible assets, contractual obligations assumed and pre-acquisition contingencies where applicable. Although, the Company believes the assumptions and estimates made in the past have been reasonable and appropriate, they are based in part on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain. Significant estimates and assumptions made by management in estimating the fair value of the existing technologies included revenue growth rates, operating expense margins, technology obsolescence rates and discount rates. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Litigation	Litigation Rambus may be involved in certain legal proceedings. Based upon consultation with outside counsel handling its defense in these matters and an analysis of potential results, if Rambus believes that a loss arising from such matters is probable and can be reasonably estimated, Rambus records the estimated liability in its consolidated financial statements. If only a range of estimated losses can be determined, Rambus records an amount within the range that, in its judgment, reflects the most likely outcome; if none of the estimates within that range is a better estimate than any other amount, Rambus records the low end of

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract balances	The Company’s contract balances were as follows: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Unbilled receivables $ 367,953 $ 528,069 Deferred revenue 10,461 11,947

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tabl

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts): For the Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Net loss per share: Numerator: Net loss $ (43,609) $ (90,419) $ (157,957) Denominator: Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic 113,254 110,948 108,450 Effect of potential dilutive common shares — — — Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted 113,254 110,948 108,450 Basic net loss per share $ (0.39) $ (0.81) $ (1.46) Diluted net loss per share $ (0.39) $ (0.81) $ (1.46)

Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of changes in carrying amount of goodwill	The following tables present goodwill information for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: (In thousands) December 31, Adjustment to Goodwill (1) December 31, Total goodwill $ 183,465 $ (243) $ 183,222 ______________________________________ (1) Working capital adjustments related to the acquisition of Northwest Logic, Inc. (“Northwest Logic”). As of December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Impairment Losses Net Carrying Amount Total goodwill $ 204,992 $ (21,770) $ 183,222 (In thousands) December 31, Additions to Goodwill (1) Divestiture of Goodwill (2) Effect of Exchange Rates (3) December 31, Total goodwill $ 207,178 $ 30,322 $ (54,494) $ 459 $ 183,465 ______________________________________ (1) In August 2019, the Company acquired Northwest Logic, and in December 2019, the Company acquired the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business from Verimatrix (the “Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business”), which resulted in the Company recognizing additional goodwill. Refer to Note 21, “Acquisitions,” for additional information. (2) Refer to Note 17, “Divestiture,” for additional information. (3) Effect of exchange rates relates to foreign currency translation adjustments for the period. As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Impairment Losses Net Carrying Amount Total goodwill $ 205,235 $ (21,770) $ 183,465
Components of intangible assets	The components of the Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows: As of December 31, 2020 (In thousands, except useful life) Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Existing technology 3 to 10 years $ 263,789 $ (230,950) $ 32,839 Customer contracts and contractual relationships 0.5 to 10 years 36,293 (34,245) 2,048 Non-compete agreements and trademarks 3 years 300 (300) — IPR&D Not applicable 1,600 — 1,600 Total intangible assets $ 301,982 $ (265,495) $ 36,487 As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands, except useful life) Useful Life Gross Carrying Amount (1) (2) Accumulated Amortization (1) (2) Net Carrying Amount Existing technology 3 to 10 years $ 262,789 $ (213,354) $ 49,435 Customer contracts and contractual relationships 0.5 to 10 years 36,293 (33,428) 2,865 Non-compete agreements and trademarks 3 years 300 (300) — IPR&D Not applicable 2,600 — 2,600 Total intangible assets $ 301,982 $ (247,082) $ 54,900 _________________________________________ (1) In October 2019, the Company disposed of approximately $20.7 million of net intangible assets in connection with the sale of the legal entities comprising the Company’s Payments and Ticketing businesses. Refer to Note 17, “Divestiture,” for additional information. (2) In August 2019, the Company acquired Northwest Logic, and in December 2019, the Company acquired the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business, which resulted in the Company recognizing additional intangible assets. Refer to Note 21, “Acquisitions,” for additional information.
Estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets	The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 was as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31: Amount 2021 $ 14,611 2022 7,644 2023 6,940 2024 5,492 2025 200 Thereafter — Total amortizable purchased intangible assets 34,887 IPR&D 1,600 Total intangible assets $ 36,487

Segments and Major Customers (T

Segments and Major Customers (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Segments and Major Customers (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Concentration Risk
Revenue from external customer by geographic regions	Revenue from customers in the geographic regions based on the location of contracting parties was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 USA $ 137,614 $ 134,526 $ 129,567 Taiwan 21,803 24,118 21,749 South Korea 3,664 3,583 13,421 Japan 16,862 11,877 23,222 Europe 7,359 10,262 15,668 Canada 1,162 3,554 4,960 Singapore 28,034 21,751 19,140 Asia-Other 26,249 14,356 3,474 Total $ 242,747 $ 224,027 $ 231,201
Accounts receivable
Concentration Risk
Schedule of customer accounts representing 10% or more than 10% of total balance	Accounts receivable from the Company’s major customers representing 10% or more of total accounts receivable at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, was as follows: As of December 31, 2020 2019 Customer 1 14 % * Customer 2 13 % 14 % Customer 3 11 % * Customer 4 * 19 % _________________________________________ * Customer accounted for less than 10% of total accounts receivable in the period
Sales, net
Concentration Risk
Schedule of customer accounts representing 10% or more than 10% of total balance	Revenue from the Company’s major customers representing 10% or more of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Customer A 15 % 10 % * Customer B 13 % * * Customer C * 14 % 15 % Customer D * * 11 %

Marketable Securities (Tables)

Marketable Securities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Marketable Securities (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Abstract]
Cash equivalents and marketable securities classified as available-for-sale	Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities are summarized as follows: As of December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Weighted Rate of Return Money market funds $ 32,815 $ 32,815 $ — $ — 0.01 % U.S. Government bonds and notes 169,880 169,920 3 (43) 0.12 % Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 238,491 238,509 61 (79) 0.21 % Total cash equivalents and marketable securities 441,186 441,244 64 (122) Cash 61,463 61,463 — — Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 502,649 $ 502,707 $ 64 $ (122) As of December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Weighted Rate of Return Money market funds $ 10,065 $ 10,065 $ — $ — 1.48 % U.S. Government bonds and notes 39,086 39,087 — (1) 1.49 % Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 314,391 314,435 19 (63) 1.81 % Total cash equivalents and marketable securities 363,542 363,587 19 (64) Cash 44,122 44,122 — — Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 407,664 $ 407,709 $ 19 $ (64)
Available-for-sale securities reported at fair value	Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value on the balance sheets and classified as follows: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Cash equivalents $ 74,683 $ 58,054 Short-term marketable securities 366,503 305,488 Total cash equivalents and marketable securities 441,186 363,542 Cash 61,463 44,122 Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 502,649 $ 407,664
Estimated fair value of cash equivalents and marketable securities classified by date of contractual maturity and the length of time that the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position	The estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of cash equivalents and marketable securities classified by the length of time that the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: Fair Value Gross Unrealized Loss (In thousands) December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31, Less than 12 months U.S. Government bonds and notes $ 72,896 $ 14,112 $ (43) $ (1) Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 181,354 250,822 (79) (63) Total cash equivalents and marketable securities in a continuous unrealized loss position $ 254,250 $ 264,934 $ (122) $ (64)
Contractual maturities of cash equivalents (excluding money market funds which have no maturity) and marketable securities	The contractual maturities of cash equivalents (excluding money market funds which have no maturity) and marketable securities are summarized as follows: (In thousands) December 31, Due less than one year $ 334,332 Due from one year through three years 74,039 Total $ 408,371

Fair Value of Financial Instr_2

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Summary of the valuation of cash equivalents and marketable securities by pricing levels	The following table presents the financial instruments that are carried at fair value and summarizes the valuation of its cash equivalents and marketable securities by the above pricing levels as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: As of December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Total Quoted Market Prices in Active Markets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Money market funds $ 32,815 $ 32,815 $ — $ — U.S. Government bonds and notes 169,880 — 169,880 — Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper 238,491 — 238,491 — Total available-for-sale securities $ 441,186 $ 32,815 $ 408,371 $ — As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Total Quoted Market Prices in Active Markets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Money market funds $ 10,065 $ 10,065 $ — $ — U.S. Government bonds and notes 39,086 — 39,086 — Corporate notes, bonds commercial paper 314,391 — 314,391 — Total available-for-sale securities $ 363,542 $ 10,065 $ 353,477 $ —
Financial instruments not carried at fair value but requiring fair value disclosure	The following table presents the financial instruments that are not carried at fair value but which require fair value disclosure as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: As of December 31, 2020 As of December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Face Carrying Value Fair Face Carrying Value Fair 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”) $ 172,500 $ 156,031 $ 194,709 $ 172,500 $ 148,788 $ 174,239

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Leases (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Leases [Abstract]
Lessee, operating lease liabilities, maturities and undiscounted cash flows	The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Years ending December 31, Amount 2021 $ 8,616 2022 7,382 2023 4,570 2024 3,925 2025 4,043 Thereafter 21,325 Total minimum lease payments 49,861 Less: amount of lease payments representing interest (10,832) Present value of future minimum lease payments 39,029 Less: current obligations under leases (4,724) Long-term lease obligations $ 34,305

Balance Sheet Details (Tables)

Balance Sheet Details (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Balance Sheet Details (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]
Inventory	Inventories consisted of the following: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Raw materials $ 7,945 $ 3,997 Work in process 650 1,455 Finished goods 5,871 4,634 Total $ 14,466 $ 10,086
Components of property, plant and equipment, net	Property, plant and equipment, net is comprised of the following: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Computer software $ 49,862 $ 50,453 Computer equipment 32,122 36,761 Furniture and fixtures 11,100 16,136 Leasehold improvements 9,658 10,316 Machinery 10,378 10,446 Construction in progress 27,250 1,691 Property, plant and equipment, gross 140,370 125,803 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (82,677) (81,089) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 57,693 $ 44,714
Schedule of accumulated other comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss) is comprised of the following: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Foreign currency translation adjustments $ 129 $ 105 Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of tax (210) (197) Total $ (81) $ (92)

Convertible Notes (Tables)

Convertible Notes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Convertible Notes (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of convertible notes	The Company’s convertible notes are shown in the following table: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2023 Notes $ 172,500 $ 172,500 Unamortized discount - 2023 Notes (15,420) (22,163) Unamortized debt issuance costs - 2023 Notes (1,049) (1,549) Total convertible notes 156,031 148,788 Less current portion — — Total long-term convertible notes $ 156,031 $ 148,788
Schedule of interest expense on notes	Interest expense related to the notes for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2023 Notes coupon interest at a rate of 1.375% $ 2,372 $ 2,372 $ 2,372 2023 Notes amortization of discount and debt issuance cost at an additional effective interest rate of 4.9% 7,243 6,854 6,486 2018 Notes coupon interest at a rate of 1.125% — — 377 2018 Notes amortization of discount and debt issuance cost at an additional effective interest rate of 5.5% — — 2,756 Total interest expense on convertible notes $ 9,615 $ 9,226 $ 11,991

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Company's material contractual obligations	As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s material contractual obligations were as follows (in thousands): Total 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Contractual obligations (1) (2) (3) Software licenses (4) $ 18,970 $ 12,541 $ 6,429 $ — $ — $ — Acquisition retention bonuses (5) 6,370 3,370 3,000 — — — Convertible notes 172,500 — — 172,500 — — Interest payments related to convertible notes 5,936 2,372 2,372 1,192 — — Total $ 203,776 $ 18,283 $ 11,801 $ 173,692 $ — $ — ______________________________________ (1) The above table does not reflect possible payments in connection with unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $25.5 million including $23.6 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets and $1.9 million in long-term income taxes payable, as of December 31, 2020. As noted below in Note 19, “Income Taxes,” although it is possible that some of the unrecognized tax benefits could be settled within the next 12 months, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome at this time. (2) For the Company’s lease commitments as of December 31, 2020, refer to Note 10, “Leases.” (3) The Company’s other contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020 were not material. (4) The Company has commitments with various software vendors for agreements generally having terms longer than one year. (5) In connection with the acquisitions of Northwest Logic in August 2019 and the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business in December 2019, the Company is obligated to pay retention bonuses to certain employees subject to certain eligibility and acceleration provisions including the condition of employment.

Equity Incentive Plans and St_2

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Schedule of shares available for grant	A summary of shares available for grant under the Company’s plans is as follows: Shares Available for Grant Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2017 5,051,147 Increase in shares approved for issuance 5,500,000 Stock options granted (711,479) Stock options forfeited 877,803 Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (1) (2) (4,993,802) Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (1) 4,350,377 Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2018 10,074,046 Increase in shares approved for issuance (3) 400,000 Stock options granted (80,000) Stock options forfeited 426,960 Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (1) (4) (7,261,845) Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (1) 3,267,702 Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2019 6,826,863 Increase in shares approved for issuance (5) 7,800,000 Stock options granted (40,000) Stock options forfeited 101,816 Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (1) (6) (3,528,401) Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (1) 1,252,042 Total shares available for grant as of December 31, 2020 12,412,320 ______________________________________ (1) For purposes of determining the number of shares available for grant under the 2015 Plan against the maximum number of shares authorized, each restricted stock granted reduces the number of shares available for grant by 1.5 shares and each restricted stock forfeited increases shares available for grant by 1.5 shares. (2) Amount includes 0.5 million shares that had been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below. (3) Shares were reserved under the 2019 Inducement Plan adopted in the third quarter of 2019. (4) Amount includes 1.0 million shares that have been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below. (5) On April 30, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved an additional 7,800,000 shares for issuance under the 2015 Plan. (6) Amount includes 0.5 million shares that have been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below.
Schedule of stock option activity	The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and information regarding stock options outstanding, exercisable, and vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2020: Options Outstanding Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In thousands, except per share amounts and years) Number of Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2017 4,310,361 $ 9.78 Options granted 711,479 $ 12.84 Options exercised (908,146) $ 6.70 Options forfeited (877,803) $ 13.73 Outstanding as of December 31, 2018 3,235,891 $ 10.25 Options granted 80,000 $ 13.25 Options exercised (1,249,785) $ 7.79 Options forfeited (426,960) $ 13.71 Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 1,639,146 $ 11.37 Options granted 40,000 $ 15.59 Options exercised (613,119) $ 10.74 Options forfeited (101,816) $ 19.41 Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 964,211 $ 11.08 5.04 $ 6,151 Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2020 961,925 $ 11.08 5.03 $ 6,143 Options exercisable at December 31, 2020 781,102 $ 10.51 4.31 $ 5,432
Weighted-average assumptions for stock option plan	The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted that contain only service conditions in the periods presented: Stock Option Plan for Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Stock Option Plan Expected stock price volatility 38% 33%-36% 24%-32% Risk free interest rate 0.2% 1.4%-1.6% 2.6%-2.8% Expected term (in years) 5.5 5.1-5.2 5.8 Weighted-average fair value of stock options granted $5.46 $4.36 $4.23
Weighted-average assumptions for employee stock purchase plan	Employee Stock Purchase Plan for Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan Expected stock price volatility 37%-46% 32% 27%-34% Risk free interest rate 0.1% 1.6%-2.4% 2.05%-2.5% Expected term (in years) 0.5 0.5 0.5 Weighted-average fair value of purchase rights granted under the purchase plan $3.46 $3.13 $2.59
Schedule of nonvested equity stock and stock units activity	The following table reflects the activity related to nonvested equity stock and stock units for the three years ended December 31, 2020: Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units Shares Weighted-Average Nonvested at December 31, 2017 5,861,349 $ 12.68 Granted 2,978,558 $ 12.77 Vested (1,713,930) $ 12.39 Forfeited (2,266,842) $ 12.97 Nonvested at December 31, 2018 4,859,135 $ 12.71 Granted 4,233,701 $ 10.17 Vested (1,896,283) $ 12.40 Forfeited (1,907,070) $ 11.33 Nonvested at December 31, 2019 5,289,483 $ 11.27 Granted 1,986,117 $ 15.60 Vested (1,693,659) $ 11.70 Forfeited (730,676) $ 11.83 Nonvested at December 31, 2020 4,851,265 $ 12.82

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of income before income tax	Income (loss) before taxes consisted of the following: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Domestic $ (43,029) $ (81,316) $ (63,829) Foreign 3,398 (5,700) (6,799) $ (39,631) $ (87,016) $ (70,628)
Components of provision for (benefit from) income taxes	The provision for (benefit from) income taxes was comprised of: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Federal: Current $ (456) $ 2,932 $ 5,451 Deferred 2,018 2,016 82,726 State: Current 652 657 333 Deferred (1,528) (1,198) 522 Foreign: Current 3,097 1,708 1,592 Deferred 195 (2,712) (3,295) $ 3,978 $ 3,403 $ 87,329
Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation	The differences between Rambus’ effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory regular tax rate were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 U.S. federal statutory rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % State income tax (expense)/benefit (2.5) 0.9 (1.2) Withholding tax (3.7) (3.5) (7.7) Foreign rate differential (4.4) (1.6) (0.2) Research and development credit (4.4) 1.2 2.2 Executive compensation (1.7) (1.2) (0.1) Stock-based compensation 0.6 (2.3) (2.8) Foreign tax credit (85.7) 3.4 7.7 Foreign derived intangible income deduction 12.3 4.6 14.8 Divestiture (18.8) 4.8 — Other 0.7 0.3 0.7 Valuation allowance 76.6 (31.5) (158.0) (10.0) % (3.9) % (123.6) %
Components of the net deferred tax liabilities	The components of the net deferred tax assets (liabilities) were as follows: As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Deferred tax assets: Depreciation and amortization $ 13,199 $ 13,995 Lease liabilities 8,716 10,734 Other timing differences, accruals and reserves 5,347 9,522 Deferred equity compensation 4,631 4,456 Net operating loss carryovers 15,756 20,900 Tax credits 169,063 233,407 Total gross deferred tax assets 216,712 293,014 Deferred tax liabilities: Lease right-of-use assets (6,392) (10,400) Convertible debt (130) (151) Deferred revenue (45,845) (94,763) Total gross deferred tax liabilities (52,367) (105,314) Total net deferred tax assets 164,345 187,700 Valuation allowance (174,328) (196,972) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (9,983) $ (9,272) As of December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Reported as: Non-current deferred tax assets $ 4,353 $ 4,574 Non-current deferred tax liabilities (14,336) (13,846) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (9,983) $ (9,272)
Summary of valuation allowance	The following table presents the tax valuation allowance information for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: (In thousands) Balance at Beginning of Period Charged (Credited) to Operations Charged to Other Account* Valuation Allowance Release Valuation Allowance Set up Balance at End of Period Tax Valuation Allowance Year ended December 31, 2018 $ 50,911 — 9,238 — 113,729 $ 173,878 Year ended December 31, 2019 $ 173,878 23,094 — — — $ 196,972 Year ended December 31, 2020 $ 196,972 (22,019) 3 (628) — $ 174,328 ______________________________________ * Amounts not charged to operations are charged to other comprehensive income or retained earnings.
Schedule of reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits	A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 Balance at January 1 $ 115,653 $ 23,482 $ 22,652 Tax positions related to current year: Additions 18,600 16,485 1,032 Tax positions related to prior years: Additions — 76,158 115 Reductions (209) (472) (317) Settlements — — — Balance at December 31 $ 134,044 $ 115,653 $ 23,482

Acquisitions (Tables)

Acquisitions (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Acquisitions (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2020
Northwest Logic
Business Acquisition
Schedule of recognized identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed	The total consideration from the business combination was allocated as of the Closing Date, and reflects adjustments made through the measurement period to finalize the purchase price accounting, as follows: (In thousands) Total Cash and cash equivalents $ 159 Accounts receivable 1,679 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 65 Identified intangible assets 8,800 Goodwill 13,477 Operating lease right-of-use asset 178 Other asset 9 Accounts payable (9) Operating lease liability (178) Other current liabilities (108) Deferred tax liability, net (2,133) Total $ 21,939
Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets acquired as part of business combination	The identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisition of Northwest Logic were recognized as follows based upon their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date: Total Estimated Weighted-Average Useful Life (in thousands) (in years) Existing technology $ 8,100 5 Customer contracts and contractual relationships 400 2 Customer backlog 300 0.5 Total $ 8,800
Business acquisition, pro forma information	Additionally, the unaudited pro forma financial results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits from the acquisition (unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts): Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 Revenue $ 231,492 $ 241,049 Net loss $ (90,688) $ (160,742) Net loss per share - diluted $ (0.82) $ (1.48)
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Schedule of purchase consideration	The total adjusted purchase consideration for the acquisition of the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business was $46.8 million, which consisted of the following: (In thousands) Total Cash consideration transferred at the Closing Date $ 45,000 Fair value of earn-out liability 1,800 Total adjusted purchase price $ 46,800
Schedule of recognized identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed	The total consideration from the acquisition was allocated as follows: (In thousands) Total Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 267 Unbilled receivables 6,765 Operating lease right-of-use assets 852 Identified intangible assets 23,500 Goodwill 16,845 Deferred revenue (310) Operating lease liabilities (852) Other current liabilities (267) Total $ 46,800
Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets acquired as part of business combination	The identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisition of the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business were recognized as follows based upon their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date: Total Estimated Weighted-Average Useful Life (in thousands) (in years) Existing technology $ 21,600 3 to 5 years Customer contracts and contractual relationships 900 5 years IPR&D 1,000 Not applicable Total $ 23,500

CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FI_2

CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of quarterly statements of operations	RAMBUS INC. CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA Quarterly Statements of Operations (Unaudited) (In thousands, except for per share amounts) Dec. 31, 2020 Sept. 30, 2020 June 30, 2020 March 31, 2020 Dec. 31, 2019 Sept. 30, 2019 June 30, 2019 March 31, 2019 Total revenue $ 61,913 $ 56,915 $ 59,930 $ 63,989 $ 59,947 $ 57,399 $ 58,297 $ 48,384 Total cost of revenue $ 13,451 $ 15,264 $ 16,148 $ 15,885 $ 14,576 $ 12,574 $ 13,027 $ 11,198 Gross profit $ 48,462 $ 41,651 $ 43,782 $ 48,104 $ 45,371 $ 44,825 $ 45,270 $ 37,186 Total operating expenses $ 59,466 $ 54,151 $ 56,246 $ 58,943 $ 58,582 $ 67,698 $ 82,316 $ 68,595 Operating loss $ (11,004) $ (12,500) $ (12,464) $ (10,839) $ (13,211) $ (22,873) $ (37,046) $ (31,409) Net loss $ (12,066) $ (12,779) $ (10,781) $ (7,983) $ (9,532) $ (17,331) $ (36,980) $ (26,576) Net loss per share — basic $ (0.11) $ (0.11) $ (0.09) $ (0.07) $ (0.09) $ (0.16) (0.33) $ (0.24) Net loss per share — diluted $ (0.11) $ (0.11) $ (0.09) $ (0.07) $ (0.09) $ (0.16) (0.33) $ (0.24) Shares used in per share calculations — basic 112,706 113,828 113,572 112,907 111,883 111,315 110,875 109,692 Shares used in per share calculations — diluted 112,706 113,828 113,572 112,907 111,883 111,315 110,875 109,692

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue	$ 61,913	$ 56,915	$ 59,930	$ 63,989	$ 59,947	$ 57,399	$ 58,297	$ 48,384	$ 242,747	$ 224,027	$ 231,201
Minimum
License agreement, term of agreement									1 year
Long-duration contracts, assumptions by product and guarantee, discount rate	3.00%								3.00%
Maximum
License agreement, term of agreement									10 years
Long-duration contracts, assumptions by product and guarantee, discount rate	5.00%								5.00%
Percentage of completion
Revenue									$ 19,800

Summary of Significant Accoun_4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 2)	Dec. 31, 2020
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	1 year
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	10 years

Summary of Significant Accoun_5

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 3)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 3)	Dec. 31, 2020
Minimum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	6 months
Maximum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	10 years

Summary of Significant Accoun_6

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 4)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 4)	Dec. 31, 2020
Computer equipment
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life (in years)	3 years
Machinery
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life (in years)	7 years
Other Machinery and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life (in years)	2 years
Furniture and fixtures
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life (in years)	3 years
Minimum \| Computer software
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life (in years)	3 years
Maximum \| Computer software
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, estimated useful life (in years)	5 years

Summary of Significant Accoun_7

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 5)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 5)	Dec. 31, 2020
Stock-Based Compensation and Equity Incentive Plans
Discount from the fair market value (as a percent)	15.00%

Revenue Recognition (Details)

Revenue Recognition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Unbilled receivables	$ 367,953	$ 528,069
Deferred revenue	$ 10,461	$ 11,947

Revenue Recognition (Details 2)

Revenue Recognition (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract balances, revenue recognized	$ 10.3	$ 18.3

Revenue Recognition (Details 3)

Revenue Recognition (Details 3) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Remaining performance obligations	$ 17.4
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, start date: 2021-01-01
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction
Remaining performance obligations, expected timing of satisfaction period	2 years

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Deta

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$ (12,066)	$ (12,779)	$ (10,781)	$ (7,983)	$ (9,532)	$ (17,331)	$ (36,980)	$ (26,576)	$ (43,609)	$ (90,419)	$ (157,957)
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, Basic (in shares)	112,706	113,828	113,572	112,907	111,883	111,315	110,875	109,692	113,254	110,948	108,450
Effect of potential dilutive common shares									0	0	0
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, Diluted (in shares)	112,706	113,828	113,572	112,907	111,883	111,315	110,875	109,692	113,254	110,948	108,450
Earnings Per Share, Basic									$ (0.39)	$ (0.81)	$ (1.46)
Earnings Per Share, Diluted									$ (0.39)	$ (0.81)	$ (1.46)

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (De_2

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details 2) - shares shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from calculation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from calculation of earnings per share	2.3	2.4	2.4
Options
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from calculation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from calculation of earnings per share	0.3	1	1.6

Intangible Assets and Goodwil_2

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Goodwill Information) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 183,465	$ 207,178
Adjustment to goodwill	(243)
Additions to goodwill		30,322
Divestiture of goodwill		(54,494)
Effect of exchange rates		459
Balance at the end of the period	$ 183,222	$ 183,465

Intangible Assets and Goodwil_3

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill information for each reporting unit
Gross carrying amount	$ 204,992	$ 205,235
Accumulated impairment losses	(21,770)	(21,770)
Net carrying amount	$ 183,222	$ 183,465	$ 207,178

Intangible Assets and Goodwil_4

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Components of intangible assets
Intangible Assets, Gross	$ 301,982	$ 301,982
Accumulated Amortization	(265,495)	(247,082)
Finite-lived intangible assets	34,887
In-process research and development	1,600
Intangible assets, net	36,487	54,900
Amortization expense for intangible assets	$ 18,413	17,058	$ 29,341
Minimum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	6 months
Maximum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	10 years
Existing technology
Components of intangible assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 263,789	262,789
Accumulated Amortization	(230,950)	(213,354)
Finite-lived intangible assets	$ 32,839	$ 49,435
Existing technology \| Minimum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	3 years	3 years
Existing technology \| Maximum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	10 years	10 years
Customer contracts and contractual relationships
Components of intangible assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 36,293	$ 36,293
Accumulated Amortization	(34,245)	(33,428)
Finite-lived intangible assets	$ 2,048	$ 2,865
Customer contracts and contractual relationships \| Minimum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	6 months	6 months
Customer contracts and contractual relationships \| Maximum
Components of intangible assets
Useful life (in years)	10 years	10 years
Non-competition agreements
Components of intangible assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 300	$ 300
Accumulated Amortization	(300)	(300)
Finite-lived intangible assets	$ 0	$ 0
Useful life (in years)	3 years	3 years
In-process research and development
Components of intangible assets
In-process research and development	$ 1,600	$ 2,600
Payments and Ticketing business
Components of intangible assets
Disposal of intangible assets, noncurrent		$ 20,700

Intangible Assets and Goodwil_5

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets
Next Twelve Months	$ 14,611
Year Two	7,644
Year Three	6,940
Year Four	5,492
Year Five	200
Thereafter	0
Finite-lived intangible assets	34,887
In-process research and development	1,600
Intangible assets, net	$ 36,487	$ 54,900

Segments and Major Customers (D

Segments and Major Customers (Details) - Accounts receivable - Customer Concentration Risk	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Customer 1 [Member]
Concentration Risk
Customer concentration risk	14.00%
Customer 2 [Member]
Concentration Risk
Customer concentration risk	13.00%	14.00%
Customer 3 [Member]
Concentration Risk
Customer concentration risk	11.00%
Customer 4
Concentration Risk
Customer concentration risk		19.00%

Segments and Major Customers _2

Segments and Major Customers (Details 2) - Sales, net - Customer Concentration Risk	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Customer A
Concentration Risk
Concentration risk as a percentage	15.00%	10.00%
Customer B
Concentration Risk
Concentration risk as a percentage	13.00%
Customer C
Concentration Risk
Concentration risk as a percentage		14.00%	15.00%
Customer D
Concentration Risk
Concentration risk as a percentage			11.00%

Segments and Major Customers _3

Segments and Major Customers (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue	$ 61,913	$ 56,915	$ 59,930	$ 63,989	$ 59,947	$ 57,399	$ 58,297	$ 48,384	$ 242,747	$ 224,027	$ 231,201
Property, plant and equipment, net	57,693				44,714				57,693	44,714
South Korea
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									3,664	3,583	13,421
USA
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									137,614	134,526	129,567
Property, plant and equipment, net	53,200				40,300				53,200	40,300
TAIWAN, PROVINCE OF CHINA
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									21,803	24,118	21,749
Japan
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									16,862	11,877	23,222
Europe
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									7,359	10,262	15,668
Canada
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									1,162	3,554	4,960
SINGAPORE
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									28,034	21,751	19,140
Asia-Other
Major Customer Disclosure
Revenue									26,249	14,356	$ 3,474
India
Major Customer Disclosure
Property, plant and equipment, net	3,300				3,400				3,300	3,400
Other foreign locations
Major Customer Disclosure
Property, plant and equipment, net	$ 1,200				$ 1,000				$ 1,200	$ 1,000

Marketable Securities (Details)

Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Cash equivalents and marketable securities
Maximum maturity period of available-for-sale securities (in years)	3 years	3 years
Fair value	$ 441,186	$ 363,542
Amortized Cost	441,244	363,587
Gross unrealized gains	64	19
Gross unrealized losses	(122)	(64)
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities
Cash, fair value	61,463	44,122
Cash, amortized cost	61,463	44,122
Fair Value	502,649	407,664
Amortized Cost	502,707	407,709
Gross unrealized gains	64	19
Gross unrealized losses	(122)	(64)
Money market funds
Cash equivalents and marketable securities
Fair value	32,815	10,065
Amortized Cost	32,815	10,065
Gross unrealized gains	0	0
Gross unrealized losses	$ 0	$ 0
Weighted Rate of Return (as a percent)	0.01%	1.48%
U.S. Government bonds and notes
Cash equivalents and marketable securities
Fair value	$ 169,880	$ 39,086
Amortized Cost	169,920	39,087
Gross unrealized gains	3	0
Gross unrealized losses	$ (43)	$ (1)
Weighted Rate of Return (as a percent)	0.12%	1.49%
Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Cash equivalents and marketable securities
Fair value	$ 238,491	$ 314,391
Amortized Cost	238,509	314,435
Gross unrealized gains	61	19
Gross unrealized losses	$ (79)	$ (63)
Weighted Rate of Return (as a percent)	0.21%	1.81%

Marketable Securities (Details

Marketable Securities (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt securities, available-for-sale
Fair value	$ 441,186	$ 363,542
Cash, fair value	61,463	44,122
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, fair value	502,649	407,664
Cash equivalents
Debt securities, available-for-sale
Fair value	74,683	58,054
Short-term marketable securities
Debt securities, available-for-sale
Fair value	$ 366,503	$ 305,488

Marketable Securities (Detail_2

Marketable Securities (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt securities, available-for-sale
Less than 12 Months, fair value	$ 254,250	$ 264,934
Less than 12 Months, gross unrealized loss	122	64
U.S. Government bonds and notes
Debt securities, available-for-sale
Less than 12 Months, fair value	72,896	14,112
Less than 12 Months, gross unrealized loss	43	1
Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Debt securities, available-for-sale
Less than 12 Months, fair value	181,354	250,822
Less than 12 Months, gross unrealized loss	$ 79	$ 63

Marketable Securities (Detail_3

Marketable Securities (Details 4) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Contractual maturities
Contractual maturities, fair value, due less than one year	$ 334,332
Contractual maturities, fair value, due from one year through three years	74,039
Contractual maturities, fair value	$ 408,371

Fair Value of Financial Instr_3

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	$ 441,186,000	$ 363,542,000
Equity method investment, ownership percentage	25.00%	25.00%
Equity method investment	$ 2,800,000	$ 3,600,000
Money market funds
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	32,815,000	10,065,000
U.S. Government bonds and notes
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	169,880,000	39,086,000
Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	238,491,000	314,391,000
Recurring basis
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	441,186,000	363,542,000
Recurring basis \| Money market funds
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	32,815,000	10,065,000
Recurring basis \| U.S. Government bonds and notes
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	169,880,000	39,086,000
Recurring basis \| Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	238,491,000	314,391,000
Recurring basis \| Quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1)
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	32,815,000	10,065,000
Recurring basis \| Quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) \| Money market funds
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	32,815,000	10,065,000
Recurring basis \| Quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) \| U.S. Government bonds and notes
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring basis \| Quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) \| Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring basis \| Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	408,371,000	353,477,000
Recurring basis \| Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) \| Money market funds
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring basis \| Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) \| U.S. Government bonds and notes
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	169,880,000	39,086,000
Recurring basis \| Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) \| Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	238,491,000	314,391,000
Recurring basis \| Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring basis \| Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) \| Money market funds
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring basis \| Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) \| U.S. Government bonds and notes
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	0	0
Recurring basis \| Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) \| Corporate notes, bonds and commercial paper
Financial assets subject to fair value measurements and the necessary disclosures
Total available-for-sale securities	$ 0	$ 0

Fair Value of Financial Instr_4

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details 2) - 1.375% Convertible senior notes due 2023 - Convertible senior notes - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt instrument
Face value	$ 172,500	$ 172,500
Carrying Value	156,031	148,788
Fair Value	$ 194,709	$ 174,239

Leases Lease Arrangement (Detai

Leases Lease Arrangement (Details) - San Jose facility	Apr. 30, 2020USD ($)ft²
Lessee, Lease, Description
Total space under lease (in square feet) \| ft²	90,000
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	128 months
Lessee, operating lease, variable rate, beginning of lease	$ 3.26
Lessee, operating lease, variable rate, end of lease	$ 4.38
Lessee, operating lease, renewal term	60 months
Lessee, operating lease, total required lease payments	$ 41,000,000
Total reimbursement receivable under lease agreement	$ 9,000,000

Leases Operating Lease Maturiti

Leases Operating Lease Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
2021	$ 8,616
2022	7,382
2023	4,570
2024	3,925
2025	4,043
Thereafter	21,325
Total minimum lease payments	49,861
Less: amount of lease payments representing interest	(10,832)
Present value of future minimum lease payments	39,029
Operating lease liabilities	4,724	$ 6,357
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$ 34,305	$ 39,889

Leases Additional Details (Deta

Leases Additional Details (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Leases Additional Details (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease, weighted-average remaining lease term	8 years 1 month 6 days
Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate, percent	4.20%
Operating lease, cost	$ 9.5	$ 9.6
Rent expense			$ 5.2
Operating lease, payments	$ 7.2

Balance Sheet Details (Details)

Balance Sheet Details (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Inventory [Line Items]
Raw materials	$ 7,945	$ 3,997
Work in process	650	1,455
Finished goods	5,871	4,634
Inventories	$ 14,466	$ 10,086

Balance Sheet Details (Details

Balance Sheet Details (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Balance Sheet Details (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 140,370	$ 125,803
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(82,677)	(81,089)
Property, plant and equipment, net	57,693	44,714
Depreciation expense	21,200	15,200	$ 10,700
Computer software
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	49,862	50,453
Computer equipment
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	32,122	36,761
Furniture and fixtures
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	11,100	16,136
Leasehold improvements
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	9,658	10,316
Machinery
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	10,378	10,446
Construction in progress
Property, plant and equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 27,250	$ 1,691

Balance Sheet Details (Detail_2

Balance Sheet Details (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Accumulated other comprehensive income (Loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	$ 129	$ 105
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax	(210)	(197)
Total	$ (81)	$ (92)

Convertible Notes (Schedule of

Convertible Notes (Schedule of Notes) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Nov. 17, 2017	Aug. 16, 2013
Debt instrument
Total long-term convertible notes	$ 156,031	$ 148,788
Convertible senior notes \| 1.375% convertible notes due 2023
Debt instrument
Face value	172,500	172,500	$ 172,500
Unamortized discount	(15,420)	(22,163)
Unamortized Debt Issuance Expense	(1,049)	(1,549)
Total convertible notes	156,031	148,788
Less current portion	0	0
Total long-term convertible notes	$ 156,031	$ 148,788
Convertible senior notes \| 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018
Debt instrument
Face value				$ 138,000

Convertible Notes (Narrative) (

Convertible Notes (Narrative) (Details)	Nov. 17, 2017USD ($)D$ / shares	Aug. 16, 2013USD ($)D$ / shares	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)shares	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)shares	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Nov. 14, 2017$ / sharesshares
Debt instrument
Derivative, Nonmonetary Notional Amount, Shares \| shares							9,100,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights \| shares							9,100,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights \| $ / shares							$ 23.30
Share Price \| $ / shares							$ 14.56
Potential Incremental Common Shares Attributable To Dilutive Effect Of Conversion Of Debt Securities \| shares			9,100,000
Additional paid in capital			$ 1,270,426,000			$ 1,261,142,000
Payments for Hedge, Financing Activities					$ 33,500,000
Proceeds from Issuance of Warrants					$ 23,200,000
Convertible senior notes \| 1.375% convertible notes due 2023
Debt instrument
Stock Price Premium							60.00%
Face value	$ 172,500,000		$ 172,500,000			$ 172,500,000
Liability Component, Principal amount	137,300,000
Equity Component, Principal amount	$ 35,200,000
Debt discount amortization period	5 years
Debt Issuance Cost, Convertible, Liability Component	$ 2,600,000
Debt Issuance Cost, Convertible, Equity Component	700,000
Debt Issuance Costs, Gross	$ 3,300,000
Conversion rate, number of shares to be issued per $1000 of principal (in shares)	52.8318
Principal amount of notes used as the denominator to determine number of shares converted into notes	$ 1,000
Initial conversion price of notes (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 18.93
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days	20
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days \| D	30
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger	130.00%
Number of consecutive trading days before the five business days during the debt instrument measurement period	5 days
Denomination of the principal amount of notes used to calculate the percent of trading price during the debt instrument measurement period	$ 1,000
Maximum conversion price as a percentage of closing stock price	98.00%
Percentage of face amount of debt instrument redeemable at the company's option	100.00%
Events of default
Period of default in payment of interest (in days)	30 days
Period of default to comply with other agreements (in days)	60 days
Minimum percentage of aggregate outstanding principal required for default event with other agreements	25.00%
Minimum principal amount of debt nonpayment required for debt default to occur	$ 40,000,000
Period of nonpayment of principal amount required for debt default to occur (in days)	30 days
Minimum percentage of aggregate outstanding principal required for nonpayment of debt default to occur	25.00%
Minimum percentage of aggregate outstanding principal required for immediate payment declaration to occur	25.00%
Debt Instrument, Default Percent Of Principal And Accrued And Unpaid Interest	100.00%
Convertible senior notes \| 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018
Debt instrument
Face value		$ 138,000,000
Liability Component, Principal amount		107,700,000
Equity Component, Principal amount		$ 30,300,000
Debt discount amortization period		5 years
Debt Issuance Cost, Convertible, Liability Component		$ 2,800,000
Debt Issuance Cost, Convertible, Equity Component		$ 800,000
Debt Instrument, Term		5 years
Debt Issuance Costs, Gross		$ 3,600,000
Conversion rate, number of shares to be issued per $1000 of principal (in shares)		82.8329
Principal amount of notes used as the denominator to determine number of shares converted into notes		$ 1,000
Initial conversion price of notes (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 12.07
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days		20
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days \| D		30
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger		130.00%
Number of business days immediately after any ten consecutive trading day period during the note measurement period		5 days
Number of consecutive trading days before the five business days during the debt instrument measurement period		5 days
Denomination of the principal amount of notes used to calculate the percent of trading price during the debt instrument measurement period		$ 1,000
Maximum conversion price as a percentage of closing stock price		98.00%
Convertible senior notes
Debt instrument
Repayments of Debt				$ 81,200,000
Issuance of common stock in connection with the maturity of the 2018 Notes related to the settlement of the in-the-money conversion feature of the 2018 Notes \| shares				423,873
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Beneficial Conversion Feature				$ 5,000,000
Convertible senior notes \| 1.375% convertible notes due 2023
Debt instrument
Stated Interest rate (as a percent)	1.375%		1.375%	1.375%		1.375%
Convertible senior notes \| 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018
Debt instrument
Stated Interest rate (as a percent)		1.125%		1.125%

Convertible Notes (Interest Exp

Convertible Notes (Interest Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Nov. 17, 2017	Aug. 16, 2013
Interest expense related to notes
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs and Discounts	$ 7,243	$ 6,854	$ 9,243
Additional paid in capital	$ 1,270,426	$ 1,261,142
Convertible senior notes \| 1.375% convertible notes due 2023
Debt instrument
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	1.375%	1.375%	1.375%	1.375%
Convertible senior notes \| 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018
Debt instrument
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage			1.125%		1.125%
Convertible senior notes
Interest expense related to notes
Total interest expense on convertible notes	$ 9,615	$ 9,226	$ 11,991
Convertible senior notes \| 1.375% convertible notes due 2023
Interest expense related to notes
Coupon interest	2,372	2,372	2,372
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs and Discounts	$ 7,243	$ 6,854	$ 6,486
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Effective Percentage	4.90%	4.90%	4.90%
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 172,500	$ 172,500		$ 172,500
Convertible senior notes \| 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2018
Interest expense related to notes
Coupon interest	0	0	$ 377
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs and Discounts	$ 0	$ 0	$ 2,756
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Effective Percentage			5.50%
Debt Instrument, Face Amount					$ 138,000

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies (Details)	Dec. 15, 2009ft²
Sunnyvale Facility, Original agreement
Lease Commitments
Total space under lease (in square feet)	125,000

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies (Details 2) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Details 2) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Contractual obligations
Contractual Obligation, Due in Next Fiscal Year	$ 18,283	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Second Year	11,801	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Third Year	173,692	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fourth Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fifth Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual obligation	203,776	[1],[2],[3]
Unrecognized tax benefit excluding foreign tax withholdings	$ 25,500
Terms of noncancellable license agreement, minimum (in years)	1 year
Software licenses
Contractual obligations
Contractual Obligation, Due in Next Fiscal Year	$ 12,541	[1],[2],[3],[4]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Second Year	6,429	[1],[2],[3],[4]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Third Year	0	[1],[2],[3],[4]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fourth Year	0	[1],[2],[3],[4]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fifth Year	0	[1],[2],[3],[4]
Contractual obligation	18,970	[1],[2],[3],[4]
Acquisition retention bonuses
Contractual obligations
Contractual Obligation, Due in Next Fiscal Year	3,370	[1],[2],[3],[5]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Second Year	3,000	[1],[2],[3],[5]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Third Year	0	[1],[2],[3],[5]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fourth Year	0	[1],[2],[3],[5]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fifth Year	0	[1],[2],[3],[5]
Contractual obligation	6,370	[1],[2],[3],[5]
Convertible senior notes
Contractual obligations
Contractual Obligation, Due in Next Fiscal Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Second Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Third Year	172,500	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fourth Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fifth Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual obligation	172,500	[1],[2],[3]
Interest payments related to convertible notes
Contractual obligations
Contractual Obligation, Due in Next Fiscal Year	2,372	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Second Year	2,372	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Third Year	1,192	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fourth Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual Obligation, Due in Fifth Year	0	[1],[2],[3]
Contractual obligation	$ 5,936	[1],[2],[3]

[1]	For the Company’s lease commitments as of December 31, 2020, refer to Note 10, “Leases.”
[2]	The Company’s other contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020 were not material.
[3]	The above table does not reflect possible payments in connection with unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $25.5 million including $23.6 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets and $1.9 million in long-term income taxes payable, as of December 31, 2020. As noted below in Note 19, “Income Taxes,” although it is possible that some of the unrecognized tax benefits could be settled within the next 12 months, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome at this time.
[4]	The Company has commitments with various software vendors for agreements generally having terms longer than one year.
[5]	In connection with the acquisitions of Northwest Logic in August 2019 and the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business in December 2019, the Company is obligated to pay retention bonuses to certain employees subject to certain eligibility and acceleration provisions including the condition of employment.

Equity Incentive Plans and St_3

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - shares		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2020		Dec. 31, 2019		Dec. 31, 2018
Stock-Based Compensation
Tenure of award (in years)		10 years
Option One
Stock-Based Compensation
Requisite service period (in months)		60 months
Option Two
Stock-Based Compensation
Requisite service period (in months)		48 months
Stock compensation plan
Shares available for grant
Shares available, at the beginning of the year		6,826,863		10,074,046		5,051,147
Number of additional shares authorized		7,800,000	[1]	400,000	[2]	5,500,000
Stock options granted		(40,000)		(80,000)		(711,479)
Stock options forfeited		101,816		426,960		877,803
Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (in shares)	[4]	(3,528,401)	[3]	(7,261,845)	[5]	(4,993,802)	[6]
Nonvested equity stock and stock units forfeited (in shares)	[4]	1,252,042		3,267,702		4,350,377
Shares available, at the end of the period		12,412,320		6,826,863		10,074,046
Conversion factor used to calculate the decrease in the number of shares available for grant resulting from the grant of restricted stock awards		1.5		1.5		1.5
Conversion factor used to calculate the increase in the number of shares available for grant resulting from the forfeiture of restricted stock awards		1.5		1.5		1.5
Potential additional performance stock units
Shares available for grant
Nonvested equity stock and stock units granted (in shares)		500,000		1,000,000		500,000

[1]	On April 30, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved an additional 7,800,000 shares for issuance under the 2015 Plan.
[2]	Shares were reserved under the 2019 Inducement Plan adopted in the third quarter of 2019.
[3]	Amount includes 0.5 million shares that have been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below.
[4]	For purposes of determining the number of shares available for grant under the 2015 Plan against the maximum number of shares authorized, each restricted stock granted reduces the number of shares available for grant by 1.5 shares and each restricted stock forfeited increases shares available for grant by 1.5 shares.
[5]	Amount includes 1.0 million shares that have been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below.
[6]	Amount includes 0.5 million shares that had been reserved for potential future issuance related to certain performance unit awards discussed under the section titled “Nonvested Equity Stock and Stock Units” below.

Equity Incentive Plans and St_4

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Details 2) - Options - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Number of Shares
Outstanding, at the beginning of the period	1,639,146	3,235,891	4,310,361
Options granted	40,000	80,000	711,479
Options exercised	(613,119)	(1,249,785)	(908,146)
Stock options forfeited	(101,816)	(426,960)	(877,803)
Outstanding, at the end of the period	964,211	1,639,146	3,235,891
Vested or expected to vest at the end of the period	961,925
Options exercisable at the end of the period	781,102
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at the beginning of the year	$ 11.37	$ 10.25	$ 9.78
Options granted	15.59	13.25	12.84
Options exercised (in dollars per share)	10.74	7.79	6.70
Options forfeited (in dollars per share)	19.41	13.71	13.73
Outstanding at the end of the period	11.08	$ 11.37	$ 10.25
Vested or expected to vest at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	11.08
Options exercisable at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 10.51
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Outstanding (in years)	5 years 14 days
Vested or expected to vest (in years)	5 years 10 days
Options exercisable (in years)	4 years 3 months 21 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding	$ 6,151
Vested or expected to vest	6,143
Options exercisable	$ 5,432

Equity Incentive Plans and St_5

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Details 3) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Options
Valuation assumptions
Expected stock price volatility rate	38.00%
Expected stock price volatility rate, minimum		33.00%	24.00%
Expected stock price volatility rate, maximum		36.00%	32.00%
Risk free interest rate	0.20%
Risk free interest rate, minimum		1.40%	2.60%
Risk free interest rate, maximum		1.60%	2.80%
Expected term	5 years 6 months		5 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted	$ 5.46	$ 4.36	$ 4.23
Options \| Minimum
Valuation assumptions
Expected term		5 years 1 month 6 days
Options \| Maximum
Valuation assumptions
Expected term		5 years 2 months 12 days
Employee stock purchase plan
Valuation assumptions
Expected stock price volatility rate		32.00%
Expected stock price volatility rate, minimum	37.00%	32.00%	27.00%
Expected stock price volatility rate, maximum	46.00%	32.00%	34.00%
Risk free interest rate	0.10%
Risk free interest rate, minimum		1.60%	2.05%
Risk free interest rate, maximum		2.40%	2.50%
Expected term	6 months	6 months	6 months
Weighted-average fair value of purchase rights granted under the purchase plan	$ 3.46	$ 3.13	$ 2.59
Stock compensation plan
Valuation assumptions
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

Equity Incentive Plans and St_6

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Details 4) - Nonvested equity stock and stock units - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Nonvested equity stock and stock units
Nonvested at the beginning of the period (in shares)	5,289,483	4,859,135	5,861,349
Granted (in shares)	1,986,117	4,233,701	2,978,558
Vested (in shares)	(1,693,659)	(1,896,283)	(1,713,930)
Forfeited (in shares)	(730,676)	(1,907,070)	(2,266,842)
Nonvested at the end of the period (in shares)	4,851,265	5,289,483	4,859,135
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 11.27	$ 12.71	$ 12.68
Nonvested at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	12.82	11.27	12.71
Granted (in dollars per share)	15.60	10.17	12.77
Vested (in dollars per share)	11.70	12.40	12.39
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	$ 11.83	$ 11.33	$ 12.97

Equity Incentive Plans and St_7

Equity Incentive Plans and Stock-Based Compensation (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)plan$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)plan$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)plan$ / sharesshares
Option One
Stock-Based Compensation
Awards, nonvested requisite service period	60 months
Option Two
Stock-Based Compensation
Awards, nonvested requisite service period	48 months
Minimum
Stock-Based Compensation
Awards, vesting rights (as a percentage)	0.00%
Maximum
Stock-Based Compensation
Awards, vesting rights (as a percentage)	200.00%
Employee stock purchase plan
Stock-Based Compensation
Number of employee stock purchase plans \| plan	1	1	1
Minimum number of hours of weekly employment in order to qualify for eligibility in the plan	20 hours	20 hours	20 hours
Minimum number of months of employment in a fiscal year in order to qualify for eligibility in the plan	5 months	5 months	5 months
Offering period (in months)	6 months	6 months	6 months
Percentage of the price at the beginning of the offering period or price at the end of each offering period to derive purchase price	85.00%	85.00%	85.00%
Maximum share value per employee in any calendar year	$ 25,000	$ 25,000	$ 25,000
Employee stock purchase plan, shares issued during period \| shares	467,065	629,438	541,395
Employee stock purchase plan, weighted-average price per share \| $ / shares	$ 10.51	$ 8.53	$ 9.99
Number of additional shares authorized \| shares	2,000,000
Shares available for issuance \| shares	3,198,375
Stock-based compensation	$ 1,500,000	$ 1,500,000	$ 1,400,000
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 700,000
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted-average period	4 months
Options
Stock-Based Compensation
Options granted \| shares	40,000	80,000	711,479
Estimated total grant date fair value			$ 3,000,000
Stock-based compensation	$ 600,000	$ 1,000,000	1,700,000
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 1,100,000
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted-average period	2 years 2 months 12 days
Total fair value of options vested	$ 3,300,000	6,700,000	12,900,000
Nonvested equity stock and stock units
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation	23,700,000	$ 23,900,000	$ 18,600,000
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 34,500,000
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted-average period	2 years 1 month 6 days
Awards, nonvested grants in period, shares \| shares	1,986,117	4,233,701	2,978,558
Awards, nonvested requisite service period	4 years
Awards, nonvested grants in period, fair value	$ 31,000,000	$ 43,000,000	$ 38,100,000
Nonvested equity stock and stock units \| Director
Stock-Based Compensation
Awards, nonvested requisite service period	1 year

Stockholders' Equity (Details)

Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2018	Oct. 29, 2020	Jan. 21, 2015
Class of stock
Accelerated share repurchase program, upfront payment	$ 50,000
Repurchase and retirement of common stock under repurchase plan, shares	(2,600,000)
Repurchase and retirement of common stock under repurchase plan, value	$ (40,000)	$ (50,069)	$ (50,033)
Remaining initial payment, unsettled forward contract indexed to Company's stock	$ 10,000
Remaining shares authorized to be repurchased	17,400,000	17,400,000
2015 Share repurchase program
Class of stock
Number of shares authorized to be repurchased under the plan					20,000,000
2020 Share repurchase program
Class of stock
Number of shares authorized to be repurchased under the plan				20,000,000

Benefit Plans (Details)

Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee contribution limit per calendar year to 401 (k) Plan (as a percent of compensation)	60.00%
Employer match of employee contributions of first 6% of eligible compensation (as a percent)	50.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Matching Contribution, Percent of Employees' Gross Pay	6.00%
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Discretionary Contribution Amount	$ 1.8	$ 2	$ 2.1

Divestiture Divestiture (Additi

Divestiture Divestiture (Additional Information) (Details) - Payments and Ticketing business - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Oct. 21, 2019
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Divestiture, proceeds	$ 82.5	$ 75
Divestiture, working capital adjustments, net	7.5
Divestiture, working capital adjustments, due to buyer	1.1
Divestiture, transaction costs	$ 3.8

Restructuring Charges (Details)

Restructuring Charges (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Restructuring Charges (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Jan. 30, 2018USD ($)
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring and other charges	$ 4,089	$ 8,821	$ 2,217
2020 Plan
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring, number of positions eliminated	70
Restructuring and other charges	$ 3,300
Restructuring payments	900
Restructuring accrual	2,400
2019 Plan
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring, number of positions eliminated		80
Restructuring and other charges	$ 800	$ 8,800
2018 Plan
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring, number of positions eliminated			50
Assets held-for-sale			$ 3,500
2018 Plan \| Restructuring and other charges
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Gain on disposal of assets held for sale			1,200
2018 Plan \| Employee severance
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring and other charges			2,200
2018 Plan \| Employee severance \| Other
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring and other charges			2,000
2018 Plan \| Employee severance \| Corporate
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Restructuring and other charges			$ 200
2018 Plan \| Minimum
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Company estimate of the aggregate restructuring cost				$ 2,000
2018 Plan \| Maximum
Restructuring and related costs, positions eliminated
Company estimate of the aggregate restructuring cost				$ 5,000

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income before taxes
Domestic	$ (43,029)	$ (81,316)	$ (63,829)
Foreign	3,398	(5,700)	(6,799)
Loss before income taxes	$ (39,631)	$ (87,016)	$ (70,628)

Income Taxes (Details 2)

Income Taxes (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Federal:
Current	$ (456)	$ 2,932	$ 5,451
Deferred	2,018	2,016	82,726
State:
Current	652	657	333
Deferred	(1,528)	(1,198)	522
Foreign:
Current	3,097	1,708	1,592
Deferred	195	(2,712)	(3,295)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$ 3,978	$ 3,403	$ 87,329

Income Taxes (Details 3)

Income Taxes (Details 3)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details 3)	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Effective income tax rate reconciliation
Expense (benefit) at U.S. federal statutory rate (as a percent)	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Expense (benefit) at state statutory rate (as a percent)	(2.50%)	0.90%	(1.20%)
Withholding tax (as a percent)	(3.70%)	(3.50%)	(7.70%)
Foreign rate differential (as a percent)	(4.40%)	(1.60%)	(0.20%)
Research and development ("R&D") credit (as a percent)	(4.40%)	1.20%	2.20%
Executive compensation (as a percent)	(1.70%)	(1.20%)	(0.10%)
Non-deductible stock-based compensation (as a percent)	0.60%	(2.30%)	(2.80%)
Foreign tax credit (as a percent)	(85.70%)	3.40%	7.70%
Foreigh derived intangible income deduction (as a percent)	12.30%	4.60%	14.80%
Divestiture (as a percent)	(18.80%)	4.80%	0.00%
Other (as a percent)	0.70%	0.30%	0.70%
Valuation allowance (as a percent)	76.60%	(31.50%)	(158.00%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent	(10.00%)	(3.90%)	(123.60%)

Income Taxes (Details 4)

Income Taxes (Details 4) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Components of net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
Depreciation and amortization	$ 13,199	$ 13,995
Lease liabilities	8,716	10,734
Other timing differences, accruals and reserves	5,347	9,522
Deferred equity compensation	4,631	4,456
Net operating loss carryovers	15,756	20,900
Tax credits	169,063	233,407
Total gross deferred tax assets	216,712	293,014
Lease right-of-use assets	(6,392)	(10,400)
Convertible debt	(130)	(151)
Deferred revenue	(45,845)	(94,763)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	(52,367)	(105,314)
Total net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance	164,345	187,700
Valuation allowance	(174,328)	(196,972)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$ (9,983)	$ (9,272)

Income Taxes (Details 5)

Income Taxes (Details 5) - Tax Valuation Allowance - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Changes in Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Balance at Beginning of Period	$ 196,972	$ 173,878	$ 50,911
Charged (Credited) to Operations	(22,019)	23,094	0
Charged to Other Account	3	0	9,238
Valuation Allowance Release	(628)	0	0
Valuation Allowance Set Up	0	0	113,729
Balance at End of Period	$ 174,328	$ 196,972	$ 173,878

Income Taxes (Details 6)

Income Taxes (Details 6) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details 6) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized income tax benefits
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 115,653	$ 23,482	$ 22,652
Tax positions related to current year:
Additions	18,600	16,485	1,032
Tax positions related to prior years:
Additions	0	76,158	115
Reductions	(209)	(472)	(317)
Settlements	0	0	0
Balance at the end of the period	$ 134,044	$ 115,653	$ 23,482

Income Taxes (Details Narrative

Income Taxes (Details Narrative) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details Narrative) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Research and development tax credit carryforward \| State and local tax authority \| California Franchise Tax Board
Valuation allowance
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease)	$ (0.6)

Income Taxes (Details Narrati_2

Income Taxes (Details Narrative 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details Narrative 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 134,044	$ 115,653	$ 23,482	$ 22,652
State and local tax authority \| California Franchise Tax Board
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Operating loss carryforwards	202,200
Tax credit carryforwards, alternative minimum tax credit	200
State and local tax authority \| Other
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Operating loss carryforwards	35,800
Research and development tax credit carryforward \| Federal
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Tax credit carryforwards	38,800
Research and development tax credit carryforward \| State and local tax authority \| California Franchise Tax Board
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Tax credit carryforwards	30,300
Foreign tax credit
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Tax credit carryforwards	123,500
Foreign tax credit \| Federal
Operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
Tax credit carryforward, subject to expiration	$ 9,900

Income Taxes (Details Narrati_3

Income Taxes (Details Narrative 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Income tax contingencies
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 134,044	$ 115,653	$ 23,482	$ 22,652
Portion of unrecognized tax benefits, which if recognized, would be recorded as an income tax benefit	110,900
Long-term deferred tax assets
Income tax contingencies
Unrecognized tax benefits	23,600	22,800
Other assets \| Foreign tax authority \| National Tax Services
Income tax contingencies
Unrecognized tax benefits	109,000	91,000
Long-term income taxes payable
Income tax contingencies
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 1,900	$ 1,800

Income Taxes (Details Narrati_4

Income Taxes (Details Narrative 4) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020USD ($)
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Undistributed foreign earnings	$ 16.4
Undistributed foreign earnings, estimated foreign withholding taxes	$ 1.8

Acquisitions Acquisition (Consi

Acquisitions Acquisition (Consideration Transferred) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 08, 2019	Aug. 23, 2019
Northwest Logic
Business Acquisition
Total consideration transferred		$ 21.9
Escrow deposit		$ 3
Escrow release term		24 months
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Total consideration	$ 46.8
Total consideration transferred	45
Additional consideration subject to certain revenue targets, fair value	1.8
Maximum \| Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Total consideration	65
Additional consideration subject to certain revenue targets	$ 20

Acquisitions Acquisition (Purch

Acquisitions Acquisition (Purchase Price Allocation) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 08, 2019	Aug. 23, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition
Goodwill	$ 183,222	$ 183,465			$ 207,178
Northwest Logic
Business Acquisition
Cash and cash equivalents				$ 159
Accounts receivable				1,679
Prepaid expenses and other current assets				65
Operating lease right-of-use assets				178
Identified intangible assets				8,800
Goodwill				13,477
Other asset				9
Accounts payable				(9)
Operating lease liability				(178)
Other current liabilities				(108)
Deferred tax liability, net				(2,133)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net				$ 21,939
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			$ 267
Unbilled receivables			6,765
Operating lease right-of-use assets			852
Identified intangible assets			23,500
Goodwill			16,845
Deferred revenue			(310)
Operating lease liability			(852)
Other current liabilities			(267)
Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net			$ 46,800

Acquisitions Acquisitions (Inta

Acquisitions Acquisitions (Intangible Assets Acquired as Part of Business Combination) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 08, 2019	Aug. 23, 2019
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed	$ 23,500
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets Acquired	1,000
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix \| Existing technology
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed	21,600
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix \| Customer contracts and contractual relationships
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed	$ 900
Identified intangible assets assumed, weighted-average useful life	5 years
Northwest Logic
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed		$ 8,800
Northwest Logic \| Existing technology
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed		$ 8,100
Identified intangible assets assumed, weighted-average useful life		5 years
Northwest Logic \| Customer contracts and contractual relationships
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed		$ 400
Identified intangible assets assumed, weighted-average useful life		2 years
Northwest Logic \| Customer backlog
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed		$ 300
Identified intangible assets assumed, weighted-average useful life		6 months
Minimum \| Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix \| Existing technology
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed, weighted-average useful life	3 years
Maximum \| Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix \| Existing technology
Identified intangible assets assumed in the acquisitions
Identified intangible assets assumed, weighted-average useful life	5 years

Acquisitions Acquisitions (Pro

Acquisitions Acquisitions (Pro Forma Information) (Details) - Northwest Logic - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]
Pro forma financial information, revenue	$ 231,492	$ 241,049
Pro forma financial information, net income (loss)	$ (90,688)	$ (160,742)
Pro forma financial information, earnings per share, diluted	$ (0.82)	$ (1.48)

Acquisitions Acquisition (Addit

Acquisitions Acquisition (Additional Information) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Dec. 08, 2019	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Aug. 23, 2019
Business Acquisition
Contractual obligation	[1],[2],[3]		$ 203,776
Northwest Logic
Business Acquisition
Acquisition-related costs				$ 700
Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Acquisition-related costs				$ 3,100
Goodwill expected to be tax deductible		$ 15,000
Acquisition retention bonuses
Business Acquisition
Contractual obligation	[1],[2],[3],[4]		$ 6,370
Acquisition retention bonuses \| Northwest Logic
Business Acquisition
Contractual obligation					$ 9,000
Acquisition retention bonuses \| Northwest Logic \| Annual payment
Business Acquisition
Contractual obligation					$ 3,000
Acquisition retention bonuses \| Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Contractual obligation		$ 1,000
Minimum
Business Acquisition
Useful life (in years)			6 months
Maximum
Business Acquisition
Useful life (in years)			10 years
Maximum \| In-process research and development \| Silicon IP and Business Protocols Business from Verimatrix
Business Acquisition
Useful life (in years)		5 years

[1]	For the Company’s lease commitments as of December 31, 2020, refer to Note 10, “Leases.”
[2]	The Company’s other contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020 were not material.
[3]	The above table does not reflect possible payments in connection with unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $25.5 million including $23.6 million recorded as a reduction of long-term deferred tax assets and $1.9 million in long-term income taxes payable, as of December 31, 2020. As noted below in Note 19, “Income Taxes,” although it is possible that some of the unrecognized tax benefits could be settled within the next 12 months, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the outcome at this time.
[4]	In connection with the acquisitions of Northwest Logic in August 2019 and the Secure Silicon IP and Protocols business in December 2019, the Company is obligated to pay retention bonuses to certain employees subject to certain eligibility and acceleration provisions including the condition of employment.

CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FI_3

CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue
Revenue	$ 61,913	$ 56,915	$ 59,930	$ 63,989	$ 59,947	$ 57,399	$ 58,297	$ 48,384	$ 242,747	$ 224,027	$ 231,201
Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue	13,451	15,264	16,148	15,885	14,576	12,574	13,027	11,198	60,748	51,375	53,701
Gross Profit	48,462	41,651	43,782	48,104	45,371	44,825	45,270	37,186	181,999	172,652	177,500
Operating expenses
Operating Expenses	59,466	54,151	56,246	58,943	58,582	67,698	82,316	68,595	228,806	277,191	264,467
Operating loss	(11,004)	(12,500)	(12,464)	(10,839)	(13,211)	(22,873)	(37,046)	(31,409)	(46,807)	(104,539)	(86,967)
Net loss	$ (12,066)	$ (12,779)	$ (10,781)	$ (7,983)	$ (9,532)	$ (17,331)	$ (36,980)	$ (26,576)	$ (43,609)	$ (90,419)	$ (157,957)
Net loss per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.16)	$ (0.33)	$ (0.24)	$ (0.39)	$ (0.81)	$ (1.46)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.16)	$ (0.33)	$ (0.24)	$ (0.39)	$ (0.81)	$ (1.46)
Shares used in per share calculations:
Basic (in shares)	112,706	113,828	113,572	112,907	111,883	111,315	110,875	109,692	113,254	110,948	108,450
Diluted (in shares)	112,706	113,828	113,572	112,907	111,883	111,315	110,875	109,692	113,254	110,948	108,450