Loans | NOTE 3—LOANS Our loan portfolio consists of loans held for investment, including loans held in our consolidated trusts, and loans held for sale. We further divide our loans held for investment into three portfolio segments: credit card, consumer banking and commercial banking. Credit card loans consist of domestic and international credit card loans. Consumer banking loans consist of auto and retail banking loans. Commercial banking loans consist of commercial and multifamily real estate as well as commercial and industrial loans. The information presented in this section excludes loans held for sale, which are carried at either fair value (if we elect the fair value option) or at the lower of cost or fair value. Amounts include the impacts of COVID-19 customer assistance programs where applicable. Accrued interest receivable of $1.2 billion as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, is not included in the tables in this note. The table below presents the composition and aging analysis of our loans held for investment portfolio as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The delinquency aging includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 3.1: Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging Analysis September 30, 2021 Delinquent Loans (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 60-89 > 90 Days Total Total Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 97,346 $ 646 $ 425 $ 841 $ 1,912 $ 99,258 International card businesses 5,579 72 45 76 193 5,772 Total credit card 102,925 718 470 917 2,105 105,030 Consumer Banking: Auto 71,770 1,996 769 181 2,946 74,716 Retail banking 2,347 26 5 18 49 2,396 Total consumer banking 74,117 2,022 774 199 2,995 77,112 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 32,973 72 1 50 123 33,096 Commercial and industrial 45,808 181 134 29 344 46,152 Total commercial banking 78,781 253 135 79 467 79,248 Total loans (1) $ 255,823 $ 2,993 $ 1,379 $ 1,195 $ 5,567 $ 261,390 % of Total loans 97.87 % 1.14 % 0.53 % 0.46 % 2.13 % 100.00 % December 31, 2020 Delinquent Loans (Dollars in millions) Current 30-59 60-89 > 90 Days Total Total Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 96,116 $ 755 $ 464 $ 1,169 $ 2,388 $ 98,504 International card businesses 8,218 90 58 86 234 8,452 Total credit card 104,334 845 522 1,255 2,622 106,956 Consumer Banking: Auto 62,381 2,252 907 222 3,381 65,762 Retail banking 3,064 28 19 15 62 3,126 Total consumer banking 65,445 2,280 926 237 3,443 68,888 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 30,340 136 22 183 341 30,681 Commercial and industrial 44,941 69 15 74 158 45,099 Total commercial banking 75,281 205 37 257 499 75,780 Total loans (1) $ 245,060 $ 3,330 $ 1,485 $ 1,749 $ 6,564 $ 251,624 % of Total loans 97.39 % 1.32 % 0.59 % 0.70 % 2.61 % 100.00 % __________ (1) Loans include unamortized premiums and discounts, and unamortized deferred fees and costs totaling $1.4 billion and $1.1 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following table presents our loans held for investment that are 90 days or more past due that continue to accrue interest, loans that are classified as nonperforming and loans that are classified as nonperforming without an allowance as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Nonperforming loans generally include loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status. Table 3.2: 90+ Day Delinquent Loans Accruing Interest and Nonperforming Loans September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in millions) > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans (1) Nonperforming > 90 Days and Accruing Nonperforming Loans (1) Nonperforming Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 841 N/A $ 0 $ 1,169 N/A $ 0 International card businesses 74 $ 9 0 82 $ 21 0 Total credit card 915 9 0 1,251 21 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 0 270 0 0 294 0 Retail banking 0 53 19 0 30 0 Total consumer banking 0 323 19 0 324 0 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 0 287 265 51 200 184 Commercial and industrial 7 314 233 0 450 265 Total commercial banking 7 601 498 51 650 449 Total $ 922 $ 933 $ 517 $ 1,302 $ 995 $ 449 % of Total loans held for investment 0.35 % 0.35 % 0.20 % 0.52 % 0.40 % 0.18 % __________ (1) We recognized interest income for loans classified as nonperforming of $1 million and $21 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, and $4 million and $22 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. Credit Quality Indicators We closely monitor economic conditions and loan performance trends to assess and manage our exposure to credit risk. We discuss these risks and our credit quality indicator for each portfolio segment below. Credit Card Our credit card loan portfolio is highly diversified across millions of accounts and numerous geographies without significant individual exposure. We therefore generally manage credit risk based on portfolios with common risk characteristics. The risk in our credit card loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates and home values, as well as consumers’ financial condition, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. The key indicator we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our credit card loan portfolio is delinquency trends, including an analysis of loan migration between delinquency categories over time. The table below presents our credit card portfolio by delinquency status as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Table 3.3: Credit Card Delinquency Status September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Dollars in millions) Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Credit Card: Domestic credit card: Current $ 96,977 $ 369 $ 97,346 $ 95,629 $ 487 $ 96,116 30-59 days 632 14 646 734 21 755 60-89 days 417 8 425 451 13 464 Greater than 90 days 832 9 841 1,155 14 1,169 Total domestic credit card 98,858 400 99,258 97,969 535 98,504 International card businesses: Current 5,534 45 5,579 8,152 66 8,218 30-59 days 67 5 72 79 11 90 60-89 days 41 4 45 47 11 58 Greater than 90 days 72 4 76 76 10 86 Total international card businesses 5,714 58 5,772 8,354 98 8,452 Total credit card $ 104,572 $ 458 $ 105,030 $ 106,323 $ 633 $ 106,956 Consumer Banking Our consumer banking loan portfolio consists of auto and retail banking loans. Similar to our credit card loan portfolio, the risk in our consumer banking loan portfolio correlates to broad economic trends, such as unemployment rates, gross domestic product and home values, as well as consumers’ financial condition, all of which can have a material effect on credit performance. The key indicator we monitor when assessing the credit quality and risk of our auto loan portfolio is borrower credit scores as they measure the creditworthiness of borrowers. Delinquency trends are the key indicator we assess in monitoring the credit quality and risk of our retail banking loan portfolio. The table below presents our consumer banking portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. We present our auto loan portfolio by FICO scores at origination and our retail banking loan portfolio by delinquency status, which includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 3.4: Consumer Banking Portfolio by Credit Quality Indicator September 30, 2021 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Auto — At origination FICO scores: (1) Greater than 660 $ 16,685 $ 9,696 $ 5,448 $ 2,860 $ 1,475 $ 462 $ 36,626 $ 0 $ 0 $ 36,626 621-660 6,093 4,212 2,435 1,276 666 231 14,913 0 0 14,913 620 or below 7,949 7,131 4,321 2,150 1,161 465 23,177 0 0 23,177 Total auto 30,727 21,039 12,204 6,286 3,302 1,158 74,716 0 0 74,716 Retail banking—Delinquency status: Current 420 324 184 185 187 544 1,844 497 6 2,347 30-59 days 0 1 0 0 0 4 5 20 1 26 60-89 days 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 2 0 5 Greater than 90 days 0 1 0 1 1 5 8 9 1 18 Total retail banking (2) 420 326 184 186 188 556 1,860 528 8 2,396 Total consumer banking $ 31,147 $ 21,365 $ 12,388 $ 6,472 $ 3,490 $ 1,714 $ 76,576 $ 528 $ 8 $ 77,112 December 31, 2020 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Auto — At origination FICO scores: (1) Greater than 660 $ 13,352 $ 8,091 $ 4,675 $ 2,810 $ 1,168 $ 203 $ 30,299 $ 0 $ 0 $ 30,299 621-660 5,781 3,631 2,003 1,172 488 109 13,184 0 0 13,184 620 or below 9,550 6,298 3,317 1,985 886 243 22,279 0 0 22,279 Total auto 28,683 18,020 9,995 5,967 2,542 555 65,762 0 0 65,762 Retail banking—Delinquency status: Current 1,041 233 206 222 167 537 2,406 651 7 3,064 30-59 days 0 0 7 1 2 2 12 15 1 28 60-89 days 0 0 1 0 5 4 10 8 1 19 Greater than 90 days 0 0 0 1 1 4 6 9 0 15 Total retail banking (2) 1,041 233 214 224 175 547 2,434 683 9 3,126 Total consumer banking $ 29,724 $ 18,253 $ 10,209 $ 6,191 $ 2,717 $ 1,102 $ 68,196 $ 683 $ 9 $ 68,888 __________ (1) Amounts represent period-end loans held for investment in each credit score category. Auto credit scores generally represent average FICO scores obtained from three credit bureaus at the time of application and are not refreshed thereafter. Balances for which no credit score is available or the credit score is invalid are included in the 620 or below category. (2) Includes PPP loans of $538 million and $919 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively . Commercial Banking The key credit quality indicator for our commercial loan portfolios is our internal risk ratings. We assign internal risk ratings to loans based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to repay their debt. In determining the risk rating of a particular loan, some of the factors considered are the borrower’s current financial condition, historical and projected future credit performance, prospects for support from financially responsible guarantors, the estimated realizable value of any collateral and current economic trends. The scale based on our internal risk rating system is as follows: • Noncriticized: Loans that have not been designated as criticized, frequently referred to as “pass” loans. • Criticized performing: Loans in which the financial condition of the obligor is stressed, affecting earnings, cash flows or collateral values. The borrower currently has adequate capacity to meet near-term obligations; however, the stress, left unabated, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects at some future date. • Criticized nonperforming: Loans that are not adequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as criticized nonperforming have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which jeopardize the full repayment of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain a credit loss if the deficiencies are not corrected and are generally placed on nonaccrual status. We use our internal risk rating system for regulatory reporting, determining the frequency of credit exposure reviews, and evaluating and determining the allowance for credit losses for commercial loans. Generally, loans that are designated as criticized performing and criticized nonperforming are reviewed quarterly by management to determine if they are appropriately classified/rated and whether any impairment exists. Noncriticized loans are also generally reviewed, at least annually, to determine the appropriate risk rating. In addition, we evaluate the risk rating during the renewal process of any loan or if a loan becomes past due. The following table presents our commercial banking portfolio of loans held for investment by internal risk ratings as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The internal risk rating status includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming. Table 3.5: Commercial Banking Portfolio by Internal Risk Ratings September 30, 2021 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Internal risk rating: (1) Commercial and multifamily real estate Noncriticized $ 3,663 $ 3,320 $ 3,984 $ 2,583 $ 924 $ 4,455 $ 18,929 $ 10,950 $ 0 $ 29,879 Criticized performing 216 276 406 334 237 1,335 2,804 101 25 2,930 Criticized nonperforming 0 0 8 29 10 240 287 0 0 287 Total commercial and multifamily real estate 3,879 3,596 4,398 2,946 1,171 6,030 22,020 11,051 25 33,096 Commercial and industrial Noncriticized 8,064 7,519 6,200 3,219 1,913 3,677 30,592 12,677 70 43,339 Criticized performing 150 169 881 260 184 153 1,797 702 0 2,499 Criticized nonperforming 43 57 83 42 8 18 251 63 0 314 Total commercial and industrial 8,257 7,745 7,164 3,521 2,105 3,848 32,640 13,442 70 46,152 Total commercial banking (2) $ 12,136 $ 11,341 $ 11,562 $ 6,467 $ 3,276 $ 9,878 $ 54,660 $ 24,493 $ 95 $ 79,248 December 31, 2020 Term Loans by Vintage Year (Dollars in millions) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total Term Loans Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Internal risk rating: (1) Commercial and multifamily real estate Noncriticized $ 3,791 $ 4,932 $ 3,232 $ 1,437 $ 1,649 $ 4,904 $ 19,945 $ 7,114 $ 0 $ 27,059 Criticized performing 320 446 515 355 391 1,258 3,285 112 25 3,422 Criticized nonperforming 0 11 30 6 3 150 200 0 0 200 Total commercial and multifamily real estate 4,111 5,389 3,777 1,798 2,043 6,312 23,430 7,226 25 30,681 Commercial and industrial Noncriticized 9,761 7,890 4,043 2,717 1,832 3,034 29,277 11,548 80 40,905 Criticized performing 316 794 521 252 106 215 2,204 1,498 42 3,744 Criticized nonperforming 74 108 25 51 9 0 267 183 0 450 Total commercial and industrial 10,151 8,792 4,589 3,020 1,947 3,249 31,748 13,229 122 45,099 Total commercial banking (2) $ 14,262 $ 14,181 $ 8,366 $ 4,818 $ 3,990 $ 9,561 $ 55,178 $ 20,455 $ 147 $ 75,780 __________ (1) Criticized exposures correspond to the “Special Mention,” “Substandard” and “Doubtful” asset categories defined by bank regulatory authorities. (2) Includes PPP loans of $182 million and $238 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Troubled Debt Restructurings Additional guidance issued by the Federal Banking Agencies and contained in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act provides banking organizations with troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) relief for modifications of current borrowers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In adherence with the guidance, we assessed all loan modifications introduced to current borrowers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic through September 30, 2021, that would have been designated as TDRs under our existing policies, and followed guidance that any such eligible loan modifications made on a temporary and good faith basis are not considered TDRs. We consider the impact of all loan modifications, including those classified as TDRs and those offered in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, when estimating the credit quality of our loan portfolio and establishing allowance levels. For our Commercial Banking customers, enrollment in a customer assistance program is also considered in the assignment of an internal risk rating. Total recorded TDRs were $1.7 billion and $2.1 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. TDRs classified as performing in our credit card and consumer banking loan portfolios totaled $1.1 billion and $1.3 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. TDRs classified as performing in our commercial banking loan portfolio totaled $231 million and $442 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Commitments to lend additional funds on loans modified in TDRs totaled $164 million and $173 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Loans Modified in TDRs As part of our loan modification programs to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, we may provide multiple concessions to minimize our economic loss and improve long-term loan performance and collectability. The following tables present the major modification types, amortized cost amounts and financial effects of loans modified in TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Table 3.6: Troubled Debt Restructurings Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension (Dollars in millions) Total Loans Modified (1) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 37 100 % 15.80 % 0 % 0 International card businesses 28 100 27.75 0 0 Total credit card 65 100 20.90 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 89 48 8.54 92 4 Total consumer banking 89 48 8.54 92 4 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 21 14 2.50 100 12 Commercial and industrial 4 0 0.00 100 4 Total commercial banking 25 12 2.50 100 11 Total $ 179 61 68.95 59 6 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) Total Loans Modified (1) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) % of TDR Activity (2) Gross Balance Reduction Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 114 100 % 16.00 % 0 % 0 0 % $ 0 International card businesses 94 100 27.66 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 208 100 21.26 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 269 40 8.74 93 4 0 1 Retail banking 1 20 2.55 36 67 0 0 Total consumer banking 270 40 8.72 93 4 0 1 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 41 7 1.29 100 13 0 0 Commercial and industrial 82 0 0.00 41 8 0 0 Total commercial banking 123 2 1.29 61 11 0 0 Total $ 601 53 16.84 54 5 0 $ 1 Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) Total Loans Modified (1) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) % of TDR Activity (2) Gross Balance Reduction Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 50 100 % 15.53 % 0 % 0 0 % $ 0 International card businesses 39 100 27.89 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 89 100 20.94 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 133 3 4.83 94 2 0 1 Retail banking 1 85 3.24 15 61 0 0 Total consumer banking 134 4 4.75 94 2 0 1 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 57 0 0.00 100 4 0 0 Commercial and industrial 201 0 0.00 54 32 0 0 Total commercial banking 258 0 0.00 64 23 0 0 Total $ 481 19 20.08 61 14 0 $ 1 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Reduced Interest Rate Term Extension Balance Reduction (Dollars in millions) Total Loans Modified (1) % of TDR Activity (2) Average Rate Reduction % of TDR Activity (2) Average Term Extension (Months) % of TDR Activity (2) Gross Balance Reduction Credit Card: Domestic credit card $ 195 100 % 15.92 % 0 % 0 0 % $ 0 International card businesses 118 100 27.33 0 0 0 0 Total credit card 313 100 20.22 0 0 0 0 Consumer Banking: Auto 393 9 3.68 95 3 0 1 Retail banking 5 9 10.85 15 8 0 0 Total consumer banking 398 9 3.76 94 3 0 1 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 85 0 0.00 100 6 0 0 Commercial and industrial 389 0 0.00 52 21 4 7 Total commercial banking 474 0 0.00 61 16 3 7 Total $ 1,185 29 18.49 56 9 1 $ 8 __________ (1) Represents the amortized cost of total loans modified in TDRs at the end of the period in which they were modified. As not every modification type is included in the table above, the total percentage of TDR activity may not add up to 100%. Some loans may receive more than one type of concession as part of the modification. (2) Due to multiple concessions granted to some troubled borrowers, percentages may total more than 100% for certain loan types. Subsequent Defaults of Completed TDR Modifications The following table presents the type, number and amortized cost of loans modified in TDRs that experienced a default during the period and had completed a modification event in the twelve months prior to the default. A default occurs if the loan is either 90 days or more delinquent, has been charged off as of the end of the period presented or has been reclassified from accrual to nonaccrual status. Table 3.7: TDRs—Subsequent Defaults Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 (Dollars in millions) Number of Contracts Amount Number of Contracts Amount Number of Contracts Amount Number of Contracts Amount Credit Card: Domestic credit card 4,168 $ 7 6,554 $ 14 13,528 $ 25 27,022 $ 57 International card businesses 12,680 17 10,673 17 44,709 68 46,038 68 Total credit card 16,848 24 17,227 31 58,237 93 73,060 125 Consumer Banking: Auto 2,151 34 1,307 15 6,453 98 3,442 42 Retail banking 1 0 3 1 9 0 7 1 Total consumer banking 2,152 34 1,310 16 6,462 98 3,449 43 Commercial Banking: Commercial and multifamily real estate 0 0 0 0 1 50 0 0 Commercial and industrial 1 38 4 16 7 120 11 65 Total commercial banking 1 38 4 16 8 170 11 65 Total 19,001 $ 96 18,541 $ 63 64,707 $ 361 76,520 $ 233 Loans Pledged Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we converted $37 million and $172 million of revolving loans to term loans, respectively, primarily in our domestic credit card and commercial banking loan portfolios. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we converted $250 million and $499 million of revolving loans to term loans, respectively, primarily in our domestic credit card and commercial banking loan portfolios. |