Pyxus International (PYYX) 10-K2023 FY Annual report

UNITED STATES

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED March 31, 2023

    ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.       

                                                                

As of September 30, 2022, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $2.4 million based on the closing price of the common stock as reported on the OTC Pink Marketplace.

As of May 31, 2023, there were 24,999,947 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Certain information contained in the Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (to be held August 17, 2023) of the registrant is incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

PART I

Company Overview

Leaf Tobacco Operations

Our leaf tobacco revenues are principally comprised of sales of processed leaf tobacco and fees charged for processing and related services to manufacturers of tobacco products. Our leaf tobacco operations deal primarily in flue-cured, burley, and oriental tobaccos that are used in international cigarette brands.

Our arrangements with suppliers vary depending on our predictions of future supply and demand, local historical practice and availability of capital. In some locales, we purchase seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, and other products related to growing tobacco, which represent prepaid inventory, and issue them to suppliers with whom we have purchase contracts. The suppliers then utilize these inputs to grow tobacco, which we are contractually obligated to purchase as long as the supplier meets our specifications. The advances of inputs for the current crop generally include the original cost of the inputs plus a mark-up and interest as it is earned. Where contractually permitted, we charge interest to the suppliers during the period the current crop advance is outstanding. We account for our advances to tobacco suppliers using a cost accumulation model, which results in us reporting our advances at the lower of cost or recoverable amounts excluding the mark-up and interest. The mark-up and interest on our advances are recognized when the tobacco is delivered as a decrease in our cost of the current crop. Upon delivery of tobacco, part of the purchase price paid to the supplier is paid in cash and part through a reduction of the advance balance. The advances applied to the delivery are reclassified out of advances and into unprocessed inventory. Under longer-term arrangements with suppliers, we may advance or guarantee financing on suppliers' capital assets, which are also recovered through the delivery of tobacco to us by our suppliers.

As a result of various factors including weather, not all suppliers are able to settle the entire amount of advances through delivery of tobacco in a given crop year. Throughout the crop cycle, we monitor events that may impact the suppliers’ ability to deliver tobacco. If we determine we will not be able to recover the original cost of the advances with deliveries of the current crop, or future crop deliveries, the unit cost of tobacco actually received is increased when unrecoverable costs are within a normal range or expensed immediately when they are above a normal range. The normal range is based on our historical results. We account for the unrecoverable costs in this manner to ensure only costs within a normal range are capitalized in inventory and costs that are above a normal range are expensed immediately as current period charges.

We process tobacco to meet each customer's specifications as to quality, yield, chemistry, particle size, moisture content and other characteristics. Unprocessed tobacco is a semi-perishable commodity. The processing of leaf tobacco facilitates shipping and prevents spoilage and is an essential service to our customers because the quality of processed leaf tobacco substantially affects the quality of the manufacturer’s end product. Accordingly, we have located our production facilities in proximity to our principal sources of tobacco. We process tobacco in Company-owned and third-party facilities around the world, including in Argentina, Brazil, China, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Macedonia, Malawi, Tanzania, Thailand, Turkey, United States, and Zimbabwe. These facilities encompass leading export locations of flue-cured, burley and oriental tobaccos. After processing, whole leaves, bundles, strips or stems, and scrap where applicable, are separately packed in cases, bales, cartons or hogsheads for storage and shipment. Packed flue-cured, burley and oriental tobacco generally is transported in the country of origin by truck or rail, and exports are moved by ship.

During the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 65% and 64% of our total purchases for the respective period were from Brazil, China, Turkey, and the Africa region. We have entered into contracts, joint ventures and other arrangements for the purchase of tobacco grown in substantially all other countries that produce export-quality flue-cured and burley tobacco.

Key Customers

their respective affiliates, that account for more than 10% of our annual revenues. Pyxus delivered approximately 31% of its tobacco sales to customers in Europe, approximately 18% to customers in China, and approximately 12% to customers in the United States for year ended March 31, 2023. The remaining sales of leaf tobacco are to customers located in Asia, Africa, and other geographic regions of the world.

Competition

Leaf tobacco industry competition is based primarily on the price charged for products and services as well as the merchant's ability to meet customer specifications in the buying, processing, residue compliance and financing of tobacco. The Company is one of only two global, publicly held leaf tobacco merchants. We hold a leading position in most major tobacco growing regions in the world, including the principal export markets for flue-cured, burley and oriental tobacco. In addition to the primary global independent leaf tobacco merchants, there are a number of other independent global, regional or national competitors. Local independent leaf merchants with low fixed costs and overhead also supply cigarette manufacturers.

Seasonality

The purchasing and processing activities of our leaf tobacco business are seasonal. Tobacco purchases vary by market and tobacco variety. Tobacco grown in North America is purchased, processed, and marketed generally during the five-month period beginning in July and ending in November. Tobacco grown in South America is usually purchased, processed, and marketed from January through July and, for tobacco grown in Africa, from April through September. Other tobacco markets around the world have similar purchasing periods, although at different times of the year. During the purchasing, processing and marketing seasons, inventories of unprocessed tobacco, inventories of redried tobacco, and trade accounts receivable normally reach peak levels in succession. Current liabilities, particularly advances from customers, and short-term notes payable to banks, normally reach their peak in this period as a means of financing the seasonal expansion of current assets. At March 31, the end of our fiscal year, the seasonal components of our working capital reflect primarily the operations related to foreign-grown tobacco.

Track and Trace Technology

Regulation

Human Capital Management

Supply Chain Human Rights Matters

Environmental Compliance

Available Information

Development of the Business

The following risk factors should be read carefully in connection with evaluating our business and the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report. Any of the following risks could materially adversely affect our business, our operating results, our financial condition, and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made in this Annual Report.

Our reliance on a small number of significant customers may adversely affect our financial results.

Vertical integration by our customers could materially adversely affect our financial performance.

Demand for our leaf tobacco or processing services could be materially reduced if cigarette manufacturers make the decision to significantly vertically integrate their operations, either through acquisition of our competitors, establishing new operations or contracting directly with suppliers. In general, our results of operations have not been adversely affected by vertical integration initiatives, and some customers have reversed certain aspects of their previous vertical integration of operations. However, further vertical integration by our customers could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance.

Global shifts in sourcing customer requirements may negatively affect our organizational structure and asset base.

Shifts in sourcing of tobacco may occur as a result of currency fluctuations, including changes in currency exchange rates against the United States Dollar ("USD"), the imposition of tariffs and other changes in international trade policies. We may not be able to timely or efficiently adjust to shifts in sourcing origins, and adjusting to shifts may require changes in our production facilities in certain origins and changes in our fixed asset base. We have incurred, and may continue to incur, restructuring charges as we continue to adjust to shifts in sourcing. Adjusting our capacity and adjusting to shifts in sourcing may have an adverse impact on our ability to manage our costs and could have an adverse effect on our financial performance.

Our financial results will vary according to growing conditions, customer indications, and other factors, which significantly impacts our ability to forecast our quarterly and annual financial performance.

Our financial results may be significantly affected by fluctuations in tobacco growing seasons and crop sizes, which affect the supply of tobacco. Crop sizes may be affected by, among other things, crop infestation and disease, the volume of annual tobacco plantings and yields realized by suppliers, and suppliers' elections to grow crops other than tobacco. The cultivation period for tobacco is dependent upon a number of factors, including the weather and other natural events, such as hurricanes or tropical storms, and our processing schedule and results of operations for any quarterly period can be significantly altered by these factors. The unpredictability may be exacerbated by the effects of climate change, which could increase the likelihood or severity of disruptive weather events.

The cost of acquiring tobacco can fluctuate greatly due to crop sizes and increased competition in certain markets in which we purchase tobacco. For example, short crops in periods of high demand translate into higher average green prices, higher throughput costs and less volume to sell. Furthermore, large crops translate into lower average green prices, lower throughput costs and excess volume to sell.

The timing and unpredictability of customer indications, orders, and shipments cause us to keep tobacco in inventory, increase our risk, and result in variations in financial results. The timing of shipments can be materially impacted by shortages of containers and vessels for shipping, increased spot-prices for shipping leading vessel operators to reduce cargo allocations of our customers' containers covered by lower-priced, long-term shipping arrangements, as well as infrastructure and accessibility issues in ports we use for shipment. We may, from time to time in the ordinary course of business, keep a significant amount of processed tobacco in inventory for our customers to accommodate their inventory management and other needs. Sales recognition by us and our subsidiaries is based on the passage of ownership, usually with shipment of product. Because individual shipments may represent significant amounts of revenue, our financial results may vary significantly depending on our customers’ needs and shipping instructions. These fluctuations result in varying volumes and sales in given periods, which also reduces your ability to compare our financial results in different periods or in the same periods in different years.

Loss of confidence in us by our customers and suppliers may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

If our customers and suppliers lose confidence in us, they may seek to establish alternative commercial relationships. In addition, in such circumstances, our suppliers, farmers, vendors, counterparties and service providers may seek to renegotiate the terms of our agreements, attempt to terminate their relationships with us or require financial assurances from us. If our suppliers, farmers, vendors, and other providers require stricter terms and conditions, we may not find these terms and conditions acceptable. Failure to timely obtain suitable inventory at competitive prices could materially adversely affect our businesses, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

Suppliers who have historically grown tobacco may elect to grow other crops instead of tobacco, which affects the world supply of tobacco and may impact our financial performance.

Increases in the prices for other crops have led and may in the future lead suppliers who have historically grown tobacco to elect to grow these other, more profitable, items instead of tobacco. A decrease in the volume of tobacco available for purchase may increase the purchase price of such tobacco. As a result, we could experience an increase in tobacco crop acquisition costs, which may impact our financial performance.

Our advancement of inputs to tobacco suppliers could expose us to losses.

Our arrangements with suppliers vary depending on our predictions of future supply and demand, local historical practice and availability of capital. In some locales, we purchase seeds, fertilizer, pesticides, and other products related to growing tobacco, which represent prepaid inventory, and issue them to suppliers with whom we have purchase contracts. The suppliers then utilize these inputs to grow tobacco, which we are contractually obligated to purchase if they meet our specifications. These advances to tobacco suppliers are settled as part of the consideration paid upon the suppliers delivering us unprocessed tobacco at market prices. Two primary factors determine the market value of the tobacco suppliers deliver to us: the quantity of tobacco delivered and the quality of the tobacco delivered, both of which are subject to factors outside of our control at the time we make advances to suppliers. Unsatisfactory quantities or quality of the tobacco delivered could result in losses with respect to advances to our tobacco suppliers or the deferral of those advances.

When we purchase tobacco directly from suppliers, we bear the risk that the tobacco will not meet our customers’ quality and quantity requirements.

In countries where we contract directly with tobacco suppliers, we bear the risk that the tobacco delivered will not meet quality and quantity requirements of our customers. If the tobacco does not meet such market requirements, we may not be able to sell the tobacco we agreed to buy and may not be able to meet all of our customers’ orders, which would have an adverse effect on our profitability and results of operations.

Weather and other conditions can affect the marketability of our inventory, and climate change may adversely alter weather patterns in tobacco-growing regions.

Like other agricultural products, the quality of tobacco is affected by weather and the environment, which can change the quality or size of the crop. If a weather event is particularly severe, such as a major drought or hurricane, the affected crop could be destroyed or damaged to an extent that it would be less desirable to our customers, which would result in a reduction in revenues. If such an event is also widespread, it could affect our ability to acquire the quantity of products required by customers. In addition, the potential impact of climate change is uncertain and may vary by geographic region. The possible effects, as described in various public accounts, could include changes in rainfall patterns, water shortages, changing storm patterns and intensities, and changing temperature levels, all of which may be of greater permanence than typical weather fluctuations. Some or all of these impacts could adversely affect the ability of farmers in the regions in which we source leaf tobacco to continue to produce crops of acceptable quality and in sufficient quantities. Their inability to do so could materially adversely affect our operations, results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, other items can affect the marketability of tobacco, including, among other things, the presence of:

A significant event impacting the condition or quality of a large amount of the tobacco crops we buy could make it difficult for us to sell such tobacco or to fill our customers’ orders.

Competition could erode our earnings.

The leaf tobacco industry is highly competitive. Competition is based primarily on the prices charged for products and services as well as the merchant’s ability to meet customer specifications in the buying, processing, and financing of tobacco. The loss or substantial reduction of any large or significant customer could reduce our earnings. Although we are one of only two primary global independent publicly held leaf tobacco merchants, cigarette manufacturers also buy tobacco directly from local and regional suppliers. We also face increasing competition from new local and regional independent leaf merchants with low fixed costs and overhead and good local customer connections, where the new entrants have been able to capitalize in the global transition to those markets. Any of these sources of new competition may result in less tobacco available for us to purchase and process in the applicable markets.

Continued high inflation may adversely affect our profitability and the demand for our leaf tobacco products.

The economies of the United States and other nations have recently experienced the highest levels of consumer price inflation in decades. Continued inflationary pressures may continue to increase our costs, including the cost of leaf tobacco that we purchase. If these increased costs cannot successfully be passed on to our customers, many of which have significant negotiating power, our profitability and results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, since our leaf tobacco products are used in the manufacturing of tobacco consumer goods, consumer behavior that deprioritizes the purchase of tobacco consumer goods in response to inflationary increases in the price of such goods could result in reduced overall demand for consumer tobacco products and consequently for the leaf tobacco we provide to manufacturers, which could materially adversely affect our profitability, results of operations and financial position.

We face increased risks of doing business due to the extent of our international operations.

Some of the countries we do business in do not have stable economies or governments. Our international operations are subject to international business risks, including unsettled political conditions, uncertainty in the enforcement of legal obligations, including the collection of accounts receivable, fraud risks, expropriation, import and export restrictions, exchange controls, inflationary economies, currency risks, and risks related to the restrictions on repatriation of earnings or proceeds from liquidated assets of foreign subsidiaries. These risks are exacerbated in countries where we have advanced substantial sums or guaranteed local loans or lines of credit for the purchase of tobacco from suppliers.

In 2006, as a result of the political environment, economic instability, foreign currency controls, and governmental regulations in Zimbabwe, we deconsolidated our Zimbabwe subsidiary, Mashonaland Tobacco Company LTD ("MTC"). Subsequently, we determined that the significant doubt about our ability to control MTC was eliminated and reconsolidated MTC as of March 31,

2016. The Company utilizes the Zimbabwe RTGS system for local transactions. RTGS is a local currency equivalent that is exchanged at a government specified rate with USD. To convert these units to USD, the Company must obtain foreign currency resources from the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, which are subject to the monetary and exchange control policy in Zimbabwe. If the foreign exchange restrictions and government-imposed controls become severe, we may have to reassess our ability to control MTC.

In recent years, economic problems in certain countries where we have international operations have received wide publicity related to devaluation and appreciation of the local currency and inflation, including the classification of the Argentina, Turkey, and Zimbabwe economies as highly inflationary. Devaluation and appreciation of the local currency and inflation can affect our purchase costs of tobacco and our processing costs. In addition, we conduct business with suppliers and customers in countries that have recently had or may be subject to dramatic political regime change. In the event of such dramatic changes in the government of such countries, we may be unable to continue to operate our business, or adequately enforce legal obligations, after the change in a manner consistent with prior practice.

Further, the imposition of governmental sanctions or other restrictions may preclude us from continuing to sell to certain customers or to source leaf tobacco from certain jurisdictions. For example, governmental sanctions imposed in response to the invasion of Ukraine by Russia have adversely affected sales to customers impacted by the sanctions. Similarly, the imposition of sanctions with respect to other jurisdictions, including sanctions imposed in response to conflict or threat of conflict in other regions could have a material adverse effect on our profitability, results of operations and financial position.

We are subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA") and we operate in jurisdictions that pose a high risk of potential FCPA violations.

We are subject to the FCPA, which generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business and/or other benefits. We operate in a number of jurisdictions that pose a high risk of potential FCPA violations. Although our corporate policy prohibits foreign bribery and we have adopted procedures to promote compliance, we cannot assure you that our policy or procedures will work effectively all of the time or protect us against liability under the FCPA for actions taken by our agents, employees, and intermediaries with respect to our business or any businesses that we acquire. Failure to comply with the FCPA, other anti-corruption laws and other laws governing the conduct of business with government entities (including local laws) could lead to criminal and civil penalties and other remedial measures (including further changes or enhancements to our procedures, policies, and controls, the imposition of a compliance monitor at our expense and potential personnel changes and/or disciplinary actions), any of which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity. Any investigation of any potential violations of the FCPA or other anti-corruption laws by U.S. or foreign authorities also could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our exposure to foreign tax regimes, and changes in U.S. or foreign tax regimes, could adversely affect our business.

Our global exposure to tax regimes could adversely affect our business. We do business in countries that have tax regimes in which the rules are not clear, are not consistently applied and are subject to sudden change. Our earnings could be changed by the uncertain and changing nature of these tax regimes. Certain of our subsidiaries are and may in the future be subject to audit, investigation, or other tax controversies. While the outcome of such matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not currently expect that such matters will have a material adverse effect on our business or financial position. However, should one or more of these matters be resolved in a manner adverse to our current expectation, the effect on our results of operations for a particular fiscal reporting period could be material.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange and interest rates could adversely affect our results of operations.

We conduct our business in many countries around the world. Our business is generally conducted in USD, as is the business of the leaf tobacco industry as a whole. We generally must purchase tobacco in non-U.S. countries using local currency. As a result, local country operating costs, including the purchasing and processing costs for tobaccos, are subject to the effects of exchange fluctuations of the local currency against the USD. When the USD weakens against foreign currencies, our costs for purchasing and processing tobacco in such currencies increases. Although we operate in many non-U.S. countries and are exposed to fluctuations in the currencies of numerous foreign countries, exchange fluctuation in the Brazilian Real against the USD has the greatest potential for impact on our financial results. We attempt to reduce such currency risks by matching the timing of our working capital borrowing needs against the tobacco purchasing and processing funds requirements in the currency of the country where the tobacco is grown. Fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies can significantly affect our operating results.

In addition, the devaluation of foreign currencies has resulted and may in the future result in reduced purchasing power from customers whose capital resources are denominated in those currencies. We may incur a loss of business as a result of the devaluation of these currencies now or in the future.

We rely on information technology ("IT") systems, including systems hosted by service providers. For example, our enterprise resource planning system and our domestic employee payroll system are hosted by external service providers. Although we have disaster recovery plans and several intrusion preventive mitigating tools and services in-place, which are active inline services or are tested routinely, our portfolio of hardware and software products, solutions and services and our enterprise IT systems, including those hosted by service providers, may be vulnerable to damage or disruption caused by circumstances beyond our control, such as catastrophic events, power outages, natural disasters, computer system, or network failures, computer viruses or other malicious software programs, and cyber-attacks, including system hacking and other cyber-security breaches. The failure or disruption of our IT systems to perform as anticipated for any reason could disrupt our business and result in decreased performance, significant remediation costs, transaction errors, loss of data, processing inefficiencies, downtime, litigation, and the loss of suppliers or customers. A significant disruption or failure could have a material adverse effect on our business operations, financial performance, and financial condition.

We cannot assure you that material weaknesses will not be identified in the future.

In certain prior years, we identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Although we intend to continue to aggressively monitor and improve our internal controls, we cannot assure you that other material weaknesses will not occur in the future. Failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in misstatements in our financial statements in amounts that could be material. Ineffective internal controls could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the value of our common stock and could also require additional restatements of our prior reported financial information. In addition, because we are not an "accelerated filer" under applicable SEC regulations, we are not required to obtain and present a report of our independent accounting firm with respect to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and we have not obtained such a report with respect to an evaluation of our internal controls as of March 31, 2023 and, accordingly, no such report is included in this Form 10-K.

Regulations regarding environmental matters may affect us by substantially increasing our costs and exposing us to potential liability.

We are subject to environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which we operate. Such regulations govern, among other things, emissions of pollutants into the air, wastewater discharges, waste disposal, the investigation and remediation of soil and groundwater contamination, and the health and safety of our employees. For example, our products and the raw materials used in its production processes are subject to numerous environmental laws and regulations. We may be required to obtain environmental permits from governmental authorities for certain of its current or proposed operations. We may not have been, nor may be able to be at all times, in full compliance with such laws, regulations and permits. If we violate or fail to comply with these laws, regulations or permits, we could be fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators.

As with other companies engaged in similar activities or that own or operate real property, we face inherent risks of environmental liability at our current and historical production sites. Certain environmental laws impose strict and, in certain circumstances, joint and several liability on current or previous owners or operators of real property for the cost of the investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous substances as well as liability for related damages to natural resources. In addition, we may discover new facts or conditions that may change our expectations or be faced with changes in environmental laws or their enforcement that would impose additional liabilities. Furthermore, our costs of complying with current and future environmental, health, and safety laws, or our liabilities arising from past or future releases of, or exposure to, regulated materials, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Increasing scrutiny and changing expectations from governments, as well as other stakeholders such as investors and customers, with respect to our environmental, social and governance ("ESG") policies, including sustainability policies, may impose additional costs on us or expose us to additional risks.

Governments, the non-governmental community, and industry increasingly understand the importance of implementing comprehensive environmental, labor, and governance practices. We are committed to implementing a robust sustainability management system, and we continue to implement what we believe are responsible ESG practices. Government regulations, however, could result in new or more stringent forms of ESG oversight and disclosures. These may lead to increased expenditures for environmental controls, land use restrictions, reporting, and other conditions, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

In addition, a number of governments have implement or are considering implementing due diligence procedures to ensure strict compliance with environmental, labor, and government regulations. The European Union has proposed broad due diligence reporting requirements for all industries operating within Europe. The United States has called for a broader and more

robust approach to labor compliance in foreign jurisdictions, which could include some of our strategic origins. Due to general uncertainty regarding the timing, content, and extent of any such regulatory changes in the United States or abroad, we cannot predict the impact, if any, that these changes could have to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our e-liquids business faces inherent risk of exposure to product liability claims, regulatory action, and litigation if its products are alleged to have caused significant loss, injury, or death.

As a manufacturer and distributor of products that are ingested or otherwise consumed by humans, our e-liquids business faces the risk of exposure to product liability claims, regulatory action and litigation (including class proceedings and individual proceedings) if its products are alleged to have caused loss, injury or death. Our e-liquids business may be subject to these types of claims due to allegations that its products caused or contributed to injury, illness or death, made false, misleading or impermissible claims, failed to include adequate labeling and instructions for use or failed to include adequate warnings concerning possible side effects or interactions with other substances. Previously unknown adverse reactions resulting from human consumption of these e-liquids products alone or in combination with other medications or substances could also occur. In addition, the manufacture and sale of any ingested or consumable product involves a risk of injury to consumers due to tampering by unauthorized third parties or product contamination. Our e-liquids business may in the future have to recall certain of its products as a result of potential contamination and quality assurance concerns. A product liability claim or regulatory action against our e-liquids business could result in increased costs and could adversely affect its reputation and goodwill with its consumers. We cannot assure you that product liability insurance can be maintained on acceptable terms or with adequate coverage against potential liabilities. Such insurance is expensive and may not be available in the future on acceptable terms, or at all. The inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage on reasonable terms or to otherwise protect against potential product liability claims could result in the Company's becoming subject to significant liabilities that are uninsured.

The risk of class-based litigation (and individual litigation) for manufacturers and distributors of e-liquids and other vaping products, and others involved in the vaping industry, is significant, particularly in the face of increasing health and marketing concerns, the potential for product recalls or other product-related issues. The United States has a highly active plaintiffs’ bar. Recent years have seen a number of purported class action lawsuits in the United States against manufacturers and distributors of e-liquids and other vaping products. These circumstances create enhanced risk and exposure for the Company given the nature of its operations, the products it manufactures, distributes and sells, and its business environment.

Failure of foreign banks in which our subsidiaries deposit funds or the failure to transfer funds or honor withdrawals may affect our results of operations.

Funds held by our foreign subsidiaries are often deposited in their local banks. In addition, we maintain deposit accounts with numerous financial institutions around the world in amounts that exceed applicable governmental deposit insurance levels. Banks in certain foreign jurisdictions may be subject to a higher rate of failure or may not honor withdrawals of deposited funds. In addition, the countries in which these local banks operate may lack sufficient regulatory oversight or suffer from structural weaknesses in the local banking system. Due to uncertainties and risks relating to the political stability of certain foreign governments, these local banks also may be subject to exchange controls and therefore unable to perform transfers of certain currencies. If our ability to gain access to these funds was impaired, it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We may not be able to achieve our stated goals, which may adversely affect our liquidity.

We face a number of risks, such as changes in economic conditions, pandemics, changes in the leaf tobacco market, changes in regulations affecting the tobacco industry, other changes in demand for our products, and increasing expenses. We may need to raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financing or other various means to fund our business, both at a holding-company level and the local short-term credit lines that fund the operating needs of our non-U.S. local leaf tobacco subsidiaries. Our access to necessary financing may be limited, if it is available at all. Therefore, adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on favorable terms, or at all.

Developments with respect to our liquidity needs and sources of liquidity could result in a deficiency in liquidity.

Our liquidity requirements are affected by various factors from our core tobacco leaf business, including crop seasonality, foreign currency and interest rates, green tobacco prices, customer mix and shipping requirements, crop size, and quality. Our leaf tobacco business is seasonal, and purchasing, processing, and selling activities have several associated peaks where cash on-hand and outstanding indebtedness may vary significantly during the fiscal year. We anticipate periods in the next twelve months during which our liquidity needs will approach the levels of our anticipated available cash and permitted borrowings under our credit facilities. Developments affecting our liquidity needs, including with respect to the foregoing factors, and sources of liquidity, including impacts affecting our cash flows from operations (including as a result of delays with respect to the anticipated timing of shipments of leaf tobacco, whether due to the impact of pandemics, customer preferences, or other reasons) and the availability of capital resources (including an inability to renew or refinance short-term operating lines of credit and other short-term indebtedness), may result in a deficiency in liquidity. To address a potential liquidity deficiency, we may continue to undertake plans to minimize cash outflows, which could include exiting operations that do not generate positive cash flow. It is possible that, depending on the occurrence of events affecting our liquidity needs and sources of liquidity, such plans may not be sufficient to adequately or timely address a liquidity deficiency.

Derivative transactions may expose us to potential losses and counterparty risk.

We may, from time to time, enter into certain derivative transactions, including interest rate swaps and foreign exchange contracts. Changes in the fair value of these derivative financial instruments that are not accounted for as cash flow hedges are reported as income, and accordingly could materially affect our reported income in any period. In addition, the counterparties to these derivative transactions may be financial institutions or affiliates of financial institutions, and we would be subject to risks that these counterparties default under these transactions. In some of these transactions, our exposure to counterparty credit risk may not be secured by any collateral. Global economic conditions over the last few years have resulted in the actual or perceived failure or financial difficulties of many financial institutions, including bankruptcy. If one or more of the counterparties to one or more of our derivative transactions not secured by any collateral becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, we would become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our exposure at the time under those transactions. We cannot assure you of the financial stability or viability of our counterparties.

Certain shareholders have the ability to exercise controlling influence on various corporate matters.

Two shareholders and their respective affiliates, Glendon Capital Management LP (together with its affiliates, the "Glendon Investor") and Monarch Alternative Capital LP (together with its affiliates, the "Monarch Investor;" the Glendon Investor and the Monarch Investor are together referred to as the "Significant Shareholders") beneficially own in the aggregate approximately 56% of our issued and outstanding common stock and, therefore, have significant control on the outcome of matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, including, but not limited to, electing directors and approving corporate transactions. Pursuant to the terms of a Shareholders Agreement dated as of August 24, 2020 among the Company and certain shareholders, including the Significant Shareholders, each of the Glendon Investor and the Monarch Investor has the right (depending on its continued ownership of a specified percentage of the outstanding shares of our common stock) to nominate up to two individuals for election as directors, and each of them and the other shareholders that are parties to the Shareholders Agreement have agreed to take all necessary action to elect such nominees as directors. Under our articles of incorporation, the affirmative vote of each of the Glendon Investor and the Monarch Investor, so long as it continues to maintain an Investor Percentage Interest (as defined in the Shareholders Agreement) of at least five percent, is required for the approval of any amendment to the articles of incorporation. It is our understanding that each of the Glendon Investor and the Monarch Investor hold a significant amount of our senior secured indebtedness. Circumstances may occur in which the interests of the Significant Shareholders could be in conflict with the interests of other shareholders, and the Significant Shareholders could have substantial influence to cause us to take actions that align with their interests. Should conflicts arise, we can provide no assurance that the Significant Shareholders would act in the best interests of other shareholders or that any conflicts of interest would be resolved in a manner favorable to our other shareholders.

The price of our common stock may be negatively impacted by factors that are unrelated to our operations.

Although our common stock is currently listed for quotation on the OTC Markets, we understand that no securities brokerage firm is making a market in the Company’s common stock. Trading through the OTC Markets is frequently thin and may be highly volatile. There is no assurance that a sufficient market will continue in our stock, in which case it could be difficult for shareholders to sell their stock. The market price of our common stock could fluctuate substantially due to a variety of factors, including market perception of the markets in which our businesses operate, quarterly operating results of our competitors, trading volume in our common stock, changes in general conditions in the economy and the financial markets or other developments affecting our competitors or us. In addition, the stock market is subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant effect on the market price of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to their operating performance and could have the same effect on our common stock.

Reductions in demand for consumer tobacco products could adversely affect our results of operations.

The tobacco industry, both in the United States and abroad, continues to face a number of issues that may reduce the consumption of cigarettes and adversely affect our business, sales volume, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

These issues, some of which are more fully discussed below, include:

Legislation and regulatory and other governmental initiatives could impose burdensome restrictions on the tobacco industry and reduce consumption of consumer tobacco products and demand for our services.

The Tobacco Control Act, which amended the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, extends the authority of the FDA to regulate tobacco products. This act authorizes the FDA to adopt product standards for tobacco products, including the level of nicotine yield and the reduction or elimination of other constituents of the products, along with provisions for the testing of products against these standards. The act imposes further restrictions on advertising of tobacco products, authorizes the FDA to limit the sales of tobacco products to face-to-face transactions permitting the verification of the age of the purchaser, authorizes a study to determine whether the minimum age for the purchase of tobacco products should be increased and requires submission of reports from manufacturers of tobacco products to the FDA regarding product ingredients and other matters, including reports on health, toxicological, behavioral, or physiologic effects of tobacco products and their constituents. The act also mandates warning labels and requires packaging to indicate the percentage of domestically grown tobacco and foreign grown tobacco included in the product, although the FDA has issued guidance to the industry announcing its intent to enforce the latter requirements until further notice. The FDA has adopted regulations under the act establishing requirements for the sale, distribution, and marketing of cigarettes, as well as package warnings and advertising limitations.

The act directs the FDA to promulgate regulations requiring that the methods used in, and the facilities and controls used for, the manufacture, preproduction design validation, packing, and storage of a tobacco product conform to current good manufacturing practice. Regulations under the act do not apply to tobacco leaf that is not in the possession of a manufacturer of tobacco products, or to the producers of tobacco leaf, including tobacco suppliers, tobacco warehouses, and tobacco supplier cooperatives unless those entities are controlled by a tobacco product manufacturer, but do apply to our U.S. cut rag processing facility with respect to covered tobacco products.

On April 28, 2022, the FDA announced its proposals to adopt regulations to prohibit the manufacture, distribution, and sale in the United States of cigarettes having menthol as a characterizing flavor and all cigars having a characterizing flavor other than tobacco. According to the FDA’s proposed rulemaking, sales of menthol-flavored cigarettes accounted for 34-36% of total cigarette sales in the U.S. in 2020. While we are unable to precisely estimate the portion of our sales of leaf tobacco in the U.S. that is used in the manufacture of menthol-flavored cigarettes, we believe a significant portion of our U.S. leaf tobacco sales are used for such purpose. In addition, a significant portion of the tobacco from our U.S. cut rag processing facility is used in the manufacture of flavored cigars. The FDA’s proposed regulations are subject to public comment and may not be adopted exactly as proposed. In addition, if the proposed regulations are adopted, the extent of any reduction in consumer demand for tobacco products is uncertain, though such reduction could be significant.

The full impact of the act, including regulations adopted thereunder, the recently proposed regulations, and any further regulatory action to implement the act, is uncertain. However, if the effect of the act and FDA regulations under the act is a significant reduction in consumption of tobacco products, it could materially adversely affect our business, volume, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Reports with respect to the harmful physical effects of cigarette smoking have been publicized for many years, and the sale, promotion and use of cigarettes continue to be subject to increasing governmental regulation. Since 1964, the Surgeon General of the United States and the Secretary of Health and Human Services have released a number of reports linking cigarette smoking with a broad range of health hazards, including various types of cancer, coronary heart disease and chronic lung disease, and recommending various governmental measures to reduce the incidence of smoking. More recent reports focus upon the addictive nature of cigarettes, the effects of smoking cessation, the decrease in smoking in the United States, the economic and regulatory aspects of smoking in the Western Hemisphere, and cigarette smoking by adolescents, particularly the addictive nature of cigarette smoking in adolescence. Numerous state and municipal governments have taken and others may take actions to diminish the social acceptance of smoking of tobacco products, including banning smoking in certain public and private locations.

Due to the present regulatory and legislative environment, a substantial risk exists that tobacco product sales may decline. A significant decrease in worldwide tobacco consumption brought about by existing or future governmental laws and regulations would reduce demand for tobacco products and services and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

The impact of potential regulations to prohibit the sale of cigarettes in the United States other than low-nicotine cigarettes, if they are adopted and become effective, is uncertain, but they could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Government actions can have a significant effect on the sourcing of tobacco. If some of the current efforts are successful, we could have difficulty obtaining sufficient tobacco to meet our customers’ requirements, which could have an adverse effect on our performance and results of operations.

We have been subject to governmental investigations into, and litigation concerning, leaf tobacco industry buying and other payment practices.

The leaf tobacco industry, from time to time, has been the subject of government investigations regarding trade practices. For example, we were the subject of an investigation by the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice into certain buying practices alleged to have occurred in the industry, we were named defendants in an antitrust class action litigation alleging a conspiracy to rig bids in the tobacco auction markets, and we were the subject of an administrative investigation into certain tobacco buying and selling practices alleged to have occurred within the leaf tobacco industry in some countries within the European Union, including Spain, Italy, Greece and potentially other countries.

None.

Our corporate headquarters are leased and are located in Morrisville, North Carolina. We own nine facilities in seven countries that are material to our leaf operations. We operate our leaf tobacco processing facilities for seven to nine months per year corresponding with the applicable harvesting seasons. We continually compare our production capacity and organization with the transitions occurring in global sourcing of tobacco. We believe our domestic production facilities and certain foreign production facilities have the capacity to process additional volumes of tobacco if required by customer demand. The following is a listing of the principal physical properties used in our leaf operations, which are owned by the Company as of March 31, 2023:

Not applicable.

PART II

Pyxus’ common stock is traded on the OTC Pink Marketplace maintained by the OTC Markets Group, Inc., under the symbol "PYYX". Over-the-counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down, or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. As of March 31, 2023, the outstanding shares of our common stock were held by one shareholder of record and there were approximately 800 beneficial holders of our common stock.

Non-GAAP Financial Measure

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). However, we use net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, to evaluate our financial condition. We believe that the presentation of this non-GAAP financial measure, when viewed as a supplement to our indebtedness reflected on our balance sheets prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, provides useful information to investors in evaluating our indebtedness. In addition, this non-GAAP measure addresses questions we routinely receive from analysts and investors and, in order to ensure that investors have access to similar data, we make this data available to the public. This non-GAAP measure should not be considered as an alternative to total debt or any other measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP. This non-GAAP measure has important limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial measures presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The presentation of our non-GAAP financial measures may change from time to time, including as a result of changed business conditions, new accounting rules, or otherwise. Further, our use of "net debt" may vary from the use of similarly-titled measures by other companies due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation and differences due to items subject to interpretation.

In fiscal year 2023, we experienced the third consecutive year of La Niña weather patterns, which limited tobacco supplies and increased tobacco costs in certain markets. We utilized our global footprint to offset reduced production in these markets and were able to meet our customers' demand for sustainably grown compliant leaf in a short crop year. In addition, the Company overcame challenges with inflationary tobacco costs, increasing interest rates, and lingering geopolitical issues by growing revenue for the full year by 16.8% to $1.9 billion, improving gross margin per kilo by 13.0% to $0.61, and accelerating our operating cycle. We strategically utilized some of the funds generated by increased revenue and improvement in our operating

cycle to partially repay the Company's outstanding indebtedness under the ABL Credit Facility as of March 31, 2023, which provides the Company with increased financial flexibility as we approach the buying cycle.

In February 2023, the Company successfully completed an exchange of its existing long-term debt with varying maturity dates for new long-term debt with maturity dates in 2027. Our new capital structure addresses approaching maturity dates, provides the Company with increased financial flexibility, and relief from certain restrictive covenants.

Results of Operations

Years Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

Gross profit as a percent of sales decreased to 13.6% for the year ended March 31, 2023 from 13.8% for the year ended March 31, 2022. Average gross profit per kilo increased 13.0% primarily due to product mix in Asia and customer mix in North America.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $9.5 million, or 6.7%, to $151.5 million for the year ended March 31, 2023 from $142.0 million for the year ended March 31, 2022. This increase was primarily due to increased accrued bonus compensation, costs incurred in conjunction with the Debt Exchange Transactions, the normalization of travel expenses post-COVID, and rising healthcare costs. These increases were partially offset by lower legal and professional service fees driven by strategic cost cutting initiatives. Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of sales decreased to 7.9% for the year ended March 31, 2023 from 8.7% for the year ended March 31, 2022. This decrease was related to increased sales and other operating revenues.

Operating income of $93.8 million for the year ended March 31, 2023 increased $52.1 million, or 124.9%, from operating income of $41.7 million for the year ended March 31, 2022. This increase was mainly due to higher leaf sales and other operating revenues and increased average leaf gross margin per kilo.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from operations, short-term borrowings under our foreign seasonal lines of credit, availability under ABL Credit Facility (defined below), and cash collections from our securitized receivables. Our liquidity requirements are affected by various factors from our core tobacco leaf business, including crop seasonality, foreign currency and interest rates, green tobacco prices, customer mix, crop size, and quality. Our leaf tobacco business is seasonal, and purchasing, processing, and selling activities have several associated peaks where cash on-hand and outstanding indebtedness may vary significantly compared to year end. The first three quarters of our fiscal year generally represent the peak of our working capital requirements.

We believe our sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating needs for the next twelve months. During such time our liquidity needs for operations may approach the levels of our anticipated available cash and permitted borrowings under our credit facilities. Unanticipated developments affecting our liquidity needs, including with respect to the foregoing factors, and sources of liquidity, including impacts affecting our cash flows from operations and the availability of capital resources (including an inability to renew or refinance seasonal lines of credit), may result in a deficiency in liquidity. To address a potential liquidity deficiency, we may undertake plans to minimize cash outflows, which could include exiting operations that do not generate positive cash flow. It is possible that, depending on the occurrence of events affecting our liquidity needs and sources of liquidity, such plans may not be sufficient to adequately or timely address a liquidity deficiency.

Debt Financing

We continuously monitor and, as available, adjust funding sources as needed to enhance and drive various business opportunities. From time to time we may take steps to reduce our debt or otherwise improve our financial position. Such actions could include prepayments, open market debt repurchases, negotiated repurchases, other redemptions or retirements of outstanding debt, and refinancing of debt. The amount of prepayments or the amount of debt that may be repurchased, refinanced, or otherwise retired, if any, will depend on market condition, trading levels of our debt, our cash position, compliance with debt covenants, and other considerations.

Senior Secured Debt

ABL Credit Facility

On February 8, 2022, our wholly owned subsidiary, Pyxus Holdings, Inc. ("Pyxus Holdings"), certain subsidiaries of Pyxus Holdings (together with Pyxus Holdings, the "Borrowers"), and the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Pyxus Parent, Inc. ("Pyxus Parent"), as guarantors, entered into an ABL Credit Agreement (as amended, the "ABL Credit Agreement"), dated as of February 8, 2022, by and among Pyxus Holdings, as Borrower Agent, the Borrowers and parent guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto, and PNC Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, to establish an asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Credit Facility"), the proceeds of which may be used to provide for the ongoing working capital and general corporate purposes of the Borrowers, the Company, Pyxus Parent, and their subsidiaries. The ABL Credit Facility may be used for revolving credit loans and letters of credit from time to time up to an initial maximum principal amount of $100.0 million, subject to the limitations described below in this paragraph. The ABL Credit Facility includes a $20.0 million uncommitted accordion feature that permits Pyxus Holdings, under certain conditions, to solicit the lenders under the ABL Credit Facility to provide additional revolving loan commitments to increase the aggregate amount of the revolving loan commitments under the ABL Credit Facility not to exceed a maximum principal amount of $120.0 million. The amount available under the ABL Credit Facility is limited by a borrowing base consisting of certain eligible accounts receivable and inventory, reduced by specified reserves, as follows:

At March 31, 2023, $75.0 million was available for borrowing under the ABL Credit Facility, after reducing availability by the aggregate borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility of $25.0 million outstanding on that date and the $20.0 million of

Domestic Availability (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) required to be maintained. Weighted average borrowings outstanding under the ABL Credit Facility during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 were $70.2 million.

The ABL Credit Facility permits both base rate borrowings and borrowings based upon the Bloomberg-Short-Term Bank Yield Index rate ("BSBY"). Borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility bear interest at an annual rate equal to one, three, or six-month reserve-adjusted BSBY Rate plus 300 basis points or 200 basis points above base rate, as applicable, with a fee on unutilized commitments at an annual rate of 37.5 basis points.

The ABL Credit Agreement was amended on May 23, 2023, which extended the maturity of the ABL Credit Facility to February 8, 2027. The outstanding amount under the ABL Credit Facility is recorded as noncurrent as of March 31, 2023.

The Borrowers’ obligations under the ABL Credit Facility (and certain related obligations) are (a) guaranteed by Pyxus Parent, and the Company and all of Pyxus Holdings’ wholly owned domestic subsidiaries, and each of Pyxus Holdings’ future wholly owned domestic subsidiaries is required to guarantee the ABL Credit Facility on a senior secured basis (collectively, the "ABL Loan Parties") and (b) secured by the collateral, as described below, which is owned by the ABL Loan Parties.

The ABL Credit Agreement governing the ABL Credit Facility contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants (subject, in each case, to exceptions and qualifications) and events of defaults, including covenants that limit the Company’s ability to, among other things:

Intabex Term Loans

Pursuant to (i) an exchange offer (the "DDTL Facility Exchange") made to, and accepted by, holders of 100.0% of the outstanding term loans (the "DDTL Term Loans") under the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement, effectuated pursuant to that certain Amendment and Restatement Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2022 (the "DDTL Credit Agreement"), by and among Intabex Netherlands B.V., as borrower ("Intabex"), the guarantors party thereto, the administrative agent and collateral agent thereunder, and the several lenders from time to time party thereto and (ii) an exchange offer (the "Exit Facility Exchange") made to, and accepted by, holders of 100.0% of the outstanding term loans (the "Exit Term Loans") under the Exit Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2020 (the "Exit Term Loan Credit Agreement"), by and among Pyxus Holdings, as borrower, the guarantors party thereto, the administrative agent and collateral agent thereunder, and the several lenders from time to time party thereto, on February 6, 2023, Pyxus Holdings entered into the Intabex Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2023 (the "Intabex Term Loan Credit Agreement"), by and among, Pyxus Holdings, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Alter Domus (US) LLC ("Alter Domus"), as administrative agent and senior collateral agent. The Intabex Term Loan Credit Agreement established a term loan credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $189.0 million (the "Intabex Credit Facility"), under which term loans in the full aggregate principal amount of the Intabex Credit Facility (the "Intabex Term Loans") were deemed made in exchange for (i) $100.0 million principal amount of the DDTL Term Loans, plus an additional $2.0 million on account of the exit fee payable under the DDTL Credit Agreement and (ii) approximately $87.0 million principal amount of Exit Term Loans, representing 40.0% of the outstanding principal amount thereof (including the applicable accrued and unpaid PIK interest thereon).

The Intabex Term Loans bear interest, at Pyxus Holdings’ option, at either (i) a term SOFR rate (subject to a floor of 1.5%) plus 8.0% per annum or (ii) an alternate base rate plus 7.0% per annum. The Intabex Term Loans are stated to mature on December 31, 2027.

The Intabex Term Loans may be prepaid from time to time, in whole or in part, without prepayment or penalty. With respect to alternate base rate loans, accrued interest is payable quarterly in arrears on the last business day of each calendar quarter and, with respect to SOFR loans, accrued interest is payable on the last day of each applicable interest period but no less frequently than every three months.

The Intabex Term Loan Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants (subject, in each case, to exceptions and qualifications) and events of defaults, including covenants that limit the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness or issue disqualified stock or preferred stock; make investments; pay dividends and make other restricted payments; sell certain assets; incur liens; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all their assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; and, in the case of Intabex, undertake business activities and sell certain subsidiaries.

Pyxus Term Loans

Pursuant to the Exit Facility Exchange, on February 6, 2023, Pyxus Holdings entered into the Pyxus Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2023 (the "Pyxus Term Loan Credit Agreement"), by and among, Pyxus Holdings, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Alter Domus, as administrative agent and senior collateral agent, to establish a term loan credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $130.5 million (the "Pyxus Credit Facility"), under which term loans in the full aggregate principal amount of the Pyxus Credit Facility (the "Pyxus Term Loans" and, together with the Intabex Term Loans, the "New Term Loans") were deemed made in exchange for 60.0% of the outstanding principal amount of Exit Term Loans (including the applicable accrued and unpaid PIK interest thereon).

The Pyxus Term Loans bear interest, at Pyxus Holdings’ option, at either (i) a term SOFR rate (subject to a floor of 1.5%) plus 8.0% per annum or (ii) an alternate base rate plus 7.0% per annum. The Pyxus Term Loans are stated to mature on December 31, 2027.

The Pyxus Term Loans may be prepaid from time to time, in whole or in part, without prepayment or penalty. With respect to alternate base rate loans, accrued interest is payable quarterly in arrears on the last business day of each calendar quarter and, with respect to SOFR loans, accrued interest is payable on the last day of each applicable interest period but no less frequently than every three months.

The Pyxus Term Loan Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants (subject, in each case, to exceptions and qualifications) and events of defaults, including covenants that limit the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness or issue disqualified stock or

preferred stock; make investments; pay dividends and make other restricted payments; sell certain assets; incur liens; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all their assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

8.50% Senior Secured Notes due 2027

Pursuant to an exchange offer (the "Notes Exchange" and, together with the DDTL Facility Exchange and the Exit Facility Exchange, the "Debt Exchange Transactions") made by Pyxus Holdings and accepted by holders of approximately 92.7% of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 10.0% Senior Secured First Lien Notes due 2024 issued by Pyxus Holdings (the "2024 Notes") pursuant to that certain Indenture, dated as of August 24, 2020 (the "2024 Notes Indenture"), by and among Pyxus Holdings, the guarantors party thereto and the trustee, collateral agent, registrar and paying agent thereunder, on February 6, 2023, Pyxus Holdings issued approximately $260.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.5% Senior Secured Notes due December 31, 2027 (the "2027 Notes" and, together with the New Term Loans, the "New Secured Debt") to the exchanging holders of the 2024 Notes for an equal principal amount of 2024 Notes. The 2027 Notes were issued pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of February 6, 2023 (the "2027 Notes Indenture"), among Pyxus Holdings, the guarantors party thereto, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee, and Alter Domus, as collateral agent.

The 2027 Notes bear interest at a rate of 8.5% per annum, which interest is computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months. Interest accrues on the 2027 Notes from the date of issuance and is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on June 15, 2023. The 2027 Notes are stated to mature on December 31, 2027.

At any time from time to time, Pyxus Holdings may redeem the 2027 Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of 2027 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date.

The 2027 Notes Indenture contains customary affirmative and negative covenants (subject, in each case, to exceptions and qualifications) and events of defaults, including covenants that limit the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness or issue disqualified stock or preferred stock; make investments; pay dividends and make other restricted payments; sell certain assets; incur liens; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all their assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries.

Guarantees and Collateral

The obligations of Pyxus Holdings under the ABL Credit Agreement and the New Secured Debt are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company, Pyxus Parent and all of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries and certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, subject to certain limitations (the "Senior Secured Debt Obligors"). In addition, under the Intabex Term Loan Credit Facility, Intabex and Alliance One International Tabak B.V. (which were obligors under the DDTL Term Loans) also guarantee the Intabex Credit Facility (together, the "Specified Intabex Obligors") but do not guarantee the 2027 Notes, the Pyxus Term Loans or obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement. In addition, certain assets of the Specified Intabex Obligors (which were pledged as collateral for the DDTL Term Loans) are pledged as collateral to secure the Intabex Term Loans (the "Intabex Collateral") but do not secure the 2027 Notes, the Pyxus Term Loans or obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement.

The Senior Secured Debt Obligors’ obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement are secured by (i) a first-priority senior lien the ABL Priority Collateral (as defined in the ABL/New Secured Debt Intercreditor Agreement (as defined below)), which includes certain accounts receivable and inventory and certain related intercompany notes, cash, deposit accounts, related general intangibles and instruments, certain other related assets and proceeds of the foregoing of the Senior Secured Debt Obligors, and (ii) a junior-priority lien on substantially all assets of the Senior Secured Debt Obligors other than certain exclusions and the ABL Priority Collateral. The New Secured Debt is secured by (i) a first-priority senior lien on substantially all assets of the Senior Secured Debt Obligors other than certain exclusions and the ABL Priority Collateral and (ii) a junior-priority lien on the ABL Priority Collateral. The Intabex Term Loans are further secured by a first-priority lien on the Intabex Collateral.

The obligations under the New Secured Debt share a single lien, held by Alter Domus, as senior collateral agent (the "Senior Collateral Agent"), on the Collateral (as defined below) subject to the payment waterfall pursuant to the intercreditor

Intercreditor Agreements

The priority of the obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement and the New Secured Debt are set forth in the two intercreditor agreements entered into in connection with consummation of the DDTL Facility Exchange, the Exit Facility Exchange and the Notes Exchange.

Related Party Transactions

The Company, Pyxus Parent and Pyxus Holdings (collectively, the "Holding Companies") entered into a Support and Exchange Agreement, effective as of December 27, 2022 (as amended, including by joinders thereto, the "Support Agreement"), with a group of creditors, including Glendon Capital Management LP, Monarch Alternative Capital LP, Nut Tree Capital Management, L.P., Intermarket Corporation and Owl Creek Asset Management, L.P. on behalf of certain funds managed by them and/or certain of their advisory clients, as applicable (collectively, the "Supporting Holders"), holding in aggregate:

In conjunction with the Notes Exchange, Pyxus Holdings received consents from requisite holders of 2024 Notes to amend the 2024 Notes Indenture, the 2024 Notes and the related intercreditor and security documents to, among other things, (i) eliminate most of the restrictive covenants and certain of the affirmative covenants in the 2024 Notes Indenture, (ii) eliminate the change of control repurchase obligation in the 2024 Notes Indenture, (iii) subordinate the 2024 Notes in right of payment to existing and future senior indebtedness (including the New Secured Debt), (iv) eliminate certain events of default and (v) release all of the collateral securing the 2024 Notes. On February 6, 2023, the relevant parties to the 2024 Notes Indenture entered into the Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 6, 2023 (the "2024 Notes Supplemental Indenture"), to the 2024 Notes Indenture, pursuant to which the 2024 Notes Indenture, the 2024 Notes and the related intercreditor and security documents were amended to effect these changes.

The 2024 Notes bear interest at a rate of 10.0% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on February 15 and August 15 of each year. The 2024 Notes are stated to mature on August 24, 2024. At March 31, 2023, the remaining 2024 Notes outstanding is $19.9 million, net of a debt discount of $0.5 million. The total repayment amount due at maturity is $20.4 million.

Foreign Seasonal Lines of Credit

Excluding its long-term credit arrangements, the Company has typically financed its non-U.S. operations with uncommitted short-term seasonal lines of credit arrangements with a number of banks. These operating lines are generally seasonal in nature, typically extending for a term of 180 to 365 days corresponding to the tobacco crop cycle in that location. These facilities are typically uncommitted in that the lenders have the right to cease making loans and demand repayment of loans at any time or at specified dates. These loans are generally renewed at the outset of each tobacco season. Certain of the foreign seasonal lines of credit are guaranteed by the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. At March 31, 2023, the total borrowing capacity under individual foreign seasonal lines of credit range up to $131.8 million. At March 31, 2023, the aggregate outstanding borrowings of the Company under these seasonal credit lines was approximately $365.1 million and approximately $332.3 million was available for borrowing under these seasonal credit lines, subject to limitations as provided under the ABL Credit Agreement and the agreements governing the New Secured Debt. The weighted average variable interest rate for these seasonal lines of credit for the year ended March 31, 2023 was 6.8%. Certain of the foreign seasonal lines of credit, with aggregate outstanding borrowings at March 31, 2023 of approximately $84.6 million, are secured by trade receivables and inventories as collateral. At March 31, 2023, the Company and its subsidiaries were in compliance with the covenants associated with the short-term seasonal lines of credit.

Seasonal liquidity beyond cash flow from operations is provided by our foreign seasonal lines of credit, advances from customers, and sales of accounts receivable. For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, our average short-term borrowings, aggregated peak short-term borrowings outstanding, and weighted-average interest rate on short-term borrowings were as follows:

The following summarizes our total borrowing capacity at March 31, 2023 and 2022 under our short-term and long-term credit lines and letter of credit facilities and the remaining available amount after the reduction for outstanding borrowings and amounts reserved for outstanding letters of credit:

Net Debt

We refer to "Net debt", a non-GAAP measure, as total debt liabilities less cash and cash equivalents. We believe this non-GAAP financial measure is useful to monitor leverage and to evaluate changes to the Company's capital structure. A limitation associated with using net debt is that it subtracts cash and cash equivalents, and therefore, may imply that management intends to use cash and cash equivalents to reduce outstanding debt and that cash held in certain jurisdictions can be applied to repay obligations owing in other jurisdictions and without reduction for applicable taxes. In addition, net debt suggests that our debt obligations are less than the most comparable GAAP measure indicates.

Working Capital

The following summarizes our working capital:

Working capital decreased $7.7 million, or 1.5%, to $505.5 million as of March 31, 2023 from $513.2 million as of March 31, 2022 due to a decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and a decrease in accounts receivable through higher utilization of securitization programs. Higher collections of cash through securitization facilities enabled us to purchase more expensive green tobacco inventories without significantly increasing borrowings under our seasonal foreign lines of credit, and the ability to partially repay the outstanding indebtedness under the ABL Credit Facility, which is classified as long-term debt. Current liabilities decreased mainly due to the refinancing of the DDTL Term Loans on a long-term basis.

Inventories

The following summarizes inventory committed to a customer and uncommitted inventory balances for processed tobacco:

Sources and Uses of Cash

We utilize capital in excess of cash flow from operations to finance accounts receivable, inventory, and advances to tobacco suppliers in foreign countries. In addition, we may periodically elect to purchase, redeem, repay, retire, or cancel indebtedness prior to stated maturity under our various foreign credit lines.

As of March 31, 2023 our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash was $138.9 million, of which $76.5 million was held in foreign jurisdictions and subject to exchange controls and tax consequences that could limit our ability to fully repatriate these funds. Fluctuation of the U.S. dollar versus many of the currencies in which we incur costs may have an impact on our working capital requirements. We will continue to monitor and hedge foreign currency costs, as needed.

The following summarizes our sources and uses of our cash flows:

The change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash decreased $166.0 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily from net repayments made on the outstanding indebtedness under the ABL Credit Facility in the current fiscal year, and proceeds from the DDTL Facility during the prior fiscal year that did not reoccur. These decreases were partially offset by improvements in trade accounts receivable due to higher sales and higher utilization of securitization facilities, which resulted in less cash used by operating activities.

Planned Capital Expenditures

Securitized Receivables

Aggregate Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Tobacco purchase obligations result from contracts with suppliers, primarily in Africa, Europe, North America, and South America, to buy either specified quantities of tobacco or the supplier’s total tobacco production. Amounts shown as tobacco purchase obligations are estimates based on projected purchase prices of the future crop tobacco. Payment of these obligations is net of our advances to these suppliers. Our tobacco purchase obligations do not exceed our projected requirements over the related terms and are in the normal course of business. Other purchase obligations consist primarily of purchase commitments of agricultural material. Tobacco and other purchase obligations increased $143.1 million, or 27.8%, from $515.5 million to $658.6 million primarily due to higher tobacco prices.

Amounts Guaranteed for Tobacco Suppliers

Tax and Repatriation Matters

We are subject to income tax laws in the countries in which we do business through wholly owned subsidiaries and through affiliates. We regularly review of the income tax requirements of each of our operations, file appropriate returns, and make appropriate income tax planning analyses.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that have an impact on the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management considers an accounting estimate critical if it: (i) requires us to make judgments and estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain, (ii) it is important to an understanding of our financial condition or operating results, and (iii) has a material impact to the financial statements.

We base our estimates on currently available information, historical experience, and various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Management has discussed the development, selection, and disclosure of our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Management believes the following accounting estimates are most critical to our business operations and to an understanding of our financial condition and results of operations and reflect the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

Our annual effective income tax rate is based on our jurisdictional mix of pretax income, statutory tax rates, exchange rates, and tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Tax laws are complex, subject to change, and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective governmental taxing authorities. Significant judgment is required in determining our tax expense and in evaluating our tax positions including evaluating uncertainties under ASC 740. We record unrecognized tax benefits in multiple jurisdictions and evaluate the future potential outcomes of tax positions, based upon our interpretation of the country-specific tax law, and the likelihood of future settlement. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust the balances as new information becomes available.

Deferred income tax assets represent amounts available to reduce income taxes payable on taxable income in future years. Such assets arise from temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and from net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. We evaluate the recoverability of these future tax deductions by assessing the impact from changes in or issuance of new tax law and the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. These sources of income inherently rely on estimates. To provide insight, we use our historical experience along with our short and long-range business forecasts. In addition, we make adjustments to historical data for objectively verifiable information where appropriate.

The valuation of our pension and other postretirement health care and life insurance plans requires the use of assumptions and estimates that are used to develop actuarial valuations of expenses, assets and liabilities. These assumptions include discount rates, investment returns, projected salary increases, benefits, and mortality rates. The significant assumptions used in the calculation of pension and postretirement obligations are:

Assumptions are set at each year end and are generally not changed during the year unless there is a major plan event such as a curtailment or settlement that would trigger a plan remeasurement.

The effect of actual results differing from our assumptions are accumulated and amortized over future periods. Changes in other assumptions and future investment returns could potentially have a material impact on our pension and postretirement expenses and related funding requirements. The effect of a change in certain assumptions is shown below:

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Derivatives policies

Hedging foreign exchange exposure using forward contracts are specifically contemplated to manage risk in accordance with management's policies and reduce the risks inherent in currency fluctuations. We do not utilize derivatives for speculative purposes or enter into market risk sensitive instruments for trading purposes. Derivatives are transaction specific such that a specific contract or invoice determines the amount, maturity, and other specifics of the hedge.

Foreign exchange rates

Our business is generally conducted in USD, as is the business of the tobacco industry as a whole. However, local country operating costs, including the purchasing and processing costs for tobaccos, are subject to the effects of exchange fluctuations of the local currency against the USD. We attempt to minimize such currency risks by matching the timing of our working capital borrowing needs against the tobacco purchasing and processing funds requirements in the currency of the country where the tobacco is grown. Also, in some cases, our sales pricing arrangements with our customers allow adjustments for the effect of currency exchange fluctuations on local purchasing and processing costs. Fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies can significantly affect our operating results. In our cost of goods and services sold, we have recognized exchange losses of $5.2 million and $2.7 million for the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We recognized exchange (losses) gains of $(1.8) million and $2.6 million related to tax balances in our tax expense for the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition, foreign currency fluctuations in the Euro and (U.K.) Sterling can significantly impact the currency translation adjustment component of accumulated other comprehensive income. We recognized gains (losses) of $1.7 million and $(4.2) million for the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, as a result of fluctuations in these currencies.

Our consolidated SG&A expenses denominated in foreign currencies are subject to translation risks from currency exchange fluctuations. These foreign denominated expenses accounted for approximately $35.2 million, or 23.2%, of our total SG&A expenses for the year ended March 31, 2023. A 10% change in the value of the USD relative to those currencies would have caused the reported value of those expenses to increase or decrease by approximately $3.5 million.

Interest rates

Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows