Advance Auto Parts (AAP) 10-K2023 FY Annual report

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Registration S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be held on May 22, 2024, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

Overview

We are a leading automotive aftermarket parts provider in North America, serving both professional installers (“professional”) and “do-it-yourself” (“DIY”) customers, as well as independently owned operators. Our stores and branches offer a broad selection of brand names, original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) and owned brand automotive replacement parts, accessories, batteries and maintenance items for domestic and imported cars, vans, sport utility vehicles and light and heavy duty trucks. As of December 30, 2023, we operated 4,786 stores and 321 branches primarily under the trade names “Advance Auto Parts,” “Carquest” and “Worldpac.”

We were founded in 1929 as Advance Stores Company, Incorporated, and operated as a retailer of general merchandise until the 1980s. During the 1980s, we began targeting the sale of automotive parts and accessories to DIY customers. We initiated our professional delivery program in 1996 and have served professional customers since 2000. We have grown significantly as a result of strategic acquisitions, new store openings and comparable store sales growth. Advance Auto Parts, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was incorporated in 2001 in conjunction with the acquisition of Discount Auto Parts, Inc. In 2014, we acquired General Parts International, Inc. (“GPI”), a privately-held company that was a leading distributor and supplier of original equipment and aftermarket automotive replacement products for professional markets operating under the Carquest and Worldpac trade names.

Stores and Branches

We serve our professional and DIY customers through a variety of channels ranging from traditional “brick and mortar” store locations to self-service e-commerce sites. We believe we are better able to meet our customers’ needs by operating under several trade names, which are as follows:

Store Development

The key factors used in selecting sites and market locations in which we operate include population, demographics, traffic count, vehicle profile, number and strength of competitors’ stores and the cost of real estate. As of December 30, 2023, 4,935 stores and branches were located in 48 U.S. states and two U.S. territories, and 172 stores and branches were located in nine Canadian provinces.

We serve our stores and branches primarily from our executive office in Raleigh NC. We also maintain customer support centers in Newark CA and Norton MA.

Our Products

The following table shows some of the types of products that we sell by major category:

We provide our customers with quality products that are often offered at a good, better or best recommendation differentiated by price and quality. We accept customer returns for many new, core and warranty products. Customer returns have historically been immaterial.

Our Customers

Our professional customers consist primarily of customers for whom we deliver products from our store or branch locations to their places of business, including garages, service stations and auto dealerships. Our professional sales represented nearly 60% of our sales in 2023, 2022 and 2021. We also serve 1,245 independently owned Carquest stores with shipments directly from our distribution centers. Our DIY customers are primarily served through our stores, but can also order online to pick up merchandise at a conveniently located store or have their purchases shipped directly to them. Except where prohibited, we also provide a variety of services at our stores free of charge to our customers, including:

Supply Chain

Our supply chain consists of a network of distribution centers, hubs, stores and branches that enable us to provide same-day or next-day availability to our customers. As of December 30, 2023, we operated 50 distribution centers, ranging in size from approximately 60,000 to 943,000 square feet with total square footage of approximately 12.7 million, including one distribution center dedicated to reclamations. In 2023, we closed a distribution center in Asheville, North Carolina.

Merchandise, Marketing and Advertising

In 2023, we purchased merchandise from over 750 vendors. Our purchasing strategy involves negotiating agreements with vendors to purchase merchandise over a specified period of time along with other provisions, including pricing, rebates, volume and payment terms.

Our marketing and advertising program is designed to drive brand awareness, consideration by consumers and omnichannel traffic by position in the aftermarket auto parts category. We strive to exceed our customers’ expectations end-to-end through a comprehensive online and in-store pick up experience, extensive parts assortment, quality brands, experienced parts professionals, professional programs that are designed to build loyalty with our customers and our DIY customer loyalty program.

Seasonality

Our business is somewhat seasonal in nature, with the highest sales usually occurring in the spring and summer months. In addition, our business can be affected by weather conditions. While unusually heavy precipitation tends to soften sales as elective maintenance is deferred during such periods, extremely hot or cold weather tends to enhance sales by causing automotive parts to fail at an accelerated rate. Our fourth quarter is generally our most volatile as weather and spending trade-offs typically influence our professional and DIY sales.

Human Capital Management

We believe our People are Our Best Part, and we have adopted six Cultural Beliefs to help foster a culture that fully engages our team members with our business: Speak Up, Be Accountable, Take Action, Move Forward, Grow Talent and Champion Inclusion. Our Cultural Belief of Grow Talent highlights the importance to us of developing our team members in their careers, and we seek to not only recruit the best talent, but also retain and promote the best talent. Through another Cultural Belief, Champion Inclusion, we seek to fully leverage the ideas and talents of all team members in caring for our customers and each other. We encourage our team members to Speak Up and promote their engagement through a variety of programs and networks within our organization.

As of December 30, 2023, we employed approximately 40,000 full-time team members and 29,000 part-time team members. Our workforce consisted of 82.5% of our team members employed in store-level operations, 11.3% in distribution and 6.2% in our corporate offices. As of December 30, 2023, approximately 1.3% of our team members were represented by labor unions.

Additional information about our human capital resources can be found in our Corporate Sustainability and Social Report, which is available on our website. Our Corporate Sustainability and Social Report is not, and will not be deemed to be, a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or incorporated by reference into any of our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Intellectual Property

Competition

We operate in both the professional and DIY markets of the automotive aftermarket industry. Our primary competitors are (i) both national and regional chains of automotive parts stores, including AutoZone, Inc., NAPA, O’Reilly Automotive, Inc., The Pep Boys-Manny, Moe & Jack and Auto Plus (formerly Uni-Select USA, Inc.), (ii) internet-based retailers, (iii) discount stores and mass merchandisers that carry automotive products, (iv) wholesalers or jobbers stores, including those associated with national parts distributors or associations, (v) independently-owned stores and (vi) automobile dealers that supply parts. We believe that chains of automotive parts stores that, like us, have multiple locations in one or more markets, have competitive advantages in customer service, marketing, inventory selection, purchasing and distribution compared with independent retailers and jobbers that are not part of a chain or associated with other retailers or jobbers. The principal methods of competition in our business include brand recognition, customer service, product offerings, availability, quality, service with speed, price and store location.

We are subject to various federal, state and local laws and governmental regulations relating to the operation of our business, including those governing collection, transportation and recycling of automotive lead-acid batteries, used motor oil and other recyclable items and ownership and operation of real property. We sell products containing hazardous materials as part of our business. In addition, our customers may bring automotive lead-acid batteries, used motor oil or other recyclable items onto our properties. We currently provide collection and recycling programs for used lead-acid batteries, used oil and other recyclable items at a majority of our stores as a service to our customers. Pursuant to agreements with third-party vendors, lead-acid batteries, used motor oil and other recyclable items are collected by our team members, deposited onto pallets or into vendor supplied containers and stored by us until collected by the third-party vendors for recycling or proper disposal. The terms of our contracts with third-party vendors require that they are in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. Our third-party vendors who arrange for the removal, disposal, treatment or other handling of hazardous or toxic substances may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation at any affected disposal, treatment or other site affected by such substances. Based on our experience, we do not believe that there are any material environmental costs associated with the current business practice of accepting lead-acid batteries, used oil and other recyclable items as these costs are borne by the respective third-party vendors.

We own and lease real property. Under various environmental laws and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. These laws often impose joint and several liability and may be imposed without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the release of such hazardous or toxic substances. Other environmental laws and common law principles also could be used to impose liability for releases of hazardous materials into the environment or work place, and third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury or property damage associated with exposure to released hazardous substances. From time to time, we receive notices from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and state environmental authorities indicating that there may be contamination on properties we own, lease or operate or may have owned, leased or operated in the past or on adjacent properties for which we may be responsible. Compliance with these laws and regulations and clean-up of released hazardous substances have not had a material impact on our operations to date.

Available Information

Our internet address is www.AdvanceAutoParts.com. Our website and the information contained therein or linked thereto are not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2023. We make available free of charge through our Investor Relations website, located at ir.advanceautoparts.com, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, registration statements and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such materials with, or furnish them to the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. These materials may be obtained electronically by accessing the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

If we are unable to successfully implement our business strategy, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.

We recently announced our intention to explore divestitures of our Worldpac business and Carquest Canada business in separate sales processes as part of our strategic review. There can be no assurance that we will complete these transactions. Divestitures are complex transactions involving inherent risks, including the potential for distractions of management from the core remaining business of the Company and the occurrence of events that may impact our ability to fully realize the anticipated benefits of the divestitures. We have not yet set a timetable for the sale processes, but transactions of this nature carry risks associated to variation from expectations with respect to timing, expense and post-closing claims for liability. If any of these risks materialize, the benefits of such divestitures may not be fully realized, if at all.

We are dependent on information systems to facilitate the day-to-day operations of the business and to produce timely, accurate and reliable information on financial and operational results. We are in the process of designing, implementing and updating various information systems. These initiatives will require significant investment of human and financial resources, and we may experience significant delays, increased costs and other difficulties with these projects. We are currently focusing on projects to improve our merchandising, assortment and inventory systems to enable us to efficiently move product through our supply chain network. Any deficiency in the design or implementation or maintenance of these systems could lead to inaccuracy of data and disruption to our business operations, such as demand and fulfillment data, which would lower the accuracy and efficacy of our demand and inventory forecasting. Such deficiencies may also result in lost sales from failure to buy product demanded by our customers, excess inventory from buying product not demanded by our customers, higher costs from buying products in an inefficient manner, disruption in sending invoices and tracking payments, and otherwise negative impacts to our business operations.

The effectiveness of our supply chain is important to our business operations and ability to grow our business, and if we are unable to maintain adequate supply chain capacity or improve supply chain efficiency, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our store inventories are primarily replenished by shipments from our network of distribution centers. We are working to optimize our distribution network to support sales growth. If we are unable to maintain adequate capacity in our supply chain network, either as we expand our business or work to optimize our existing network, or if we are unable to improve the efficiency of our supply chain, we may experience higher inventory costs, lower availability, slower delivery speed and ultimately a lower ability to meet consumer product needs and channel preferences. We plan to further invest in distribution center infrastructure to help ensure safety, reliability and efficiency across our operations, which will require capital investments. We are also working to improve product lifecycle management and address slower-moving inventory in our

network. Our investments in our supply chain may not provide the anticipated benefits, and experiencing sub-optimal inventory levels, inventory availability or increases in our costs could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our reliance on suppliers, including freight carriers and other third parties in our global supply chain, subjects us to various risks and uncertainties which could adversely affect our financial results.

We source the products we sell from a wide variety of domestic and international suppliers, and place significant reliance upon various third parties to transport, store and distribute those products to our distribution centers, stores and customers. Our financial results depend on us securing acceptable terms with our suppliers for, among other things, the price of merchandise we purchase from them, funding for various forms of promotional programs, payment terms and provisions covering returns and factory warranties. To varying degrees, our suppliers may be able to leverage their competitive advantages - for example, their financial strength, the strength of their brand with customers, their own stores or online channels or their relationships with other retailers - to our commercial disadvantage. Generally, our ability to negotiate favorable terms with our suppliers is more difficult with suppliers for whom our purchases represent a smaller proportion of their total revenues, consequently impacting our profitability from such vendor relationships. If we encounter any of these issues with our suppliers, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely impacted.

We intend to continue to expand the markets we serve as part of our strategy, which may include opening new stores or branches, as well as expansion of our online business. We may also grow our business through strategic acquisitions. As we expand our market presence, it becomes more critical that we have consistent and effective execution across all of our locations and brands. There is uncertainty about the profitability of newly opened locations, including whether newly opened stores will harm the profitability or comparable store sales of existing locations. The newly opened and existing locations’ profitability will depend on the competition we face as well as our ability to properly stock, market and price the products desired by customers in these markets. The actual number and format of any new locations to be opened and the success of our strategy will depend on a number of factors, including, among other things:

We compete with other retailers and businesses for suitable locations for our stores. Local land use and zoning regulations, environmental regulations and other regulatory requirements may impact our ability to find suitable locations and influence the cost of constructing, renovating and operating our stores. In addition, real estate, zoning, construction and other delays may adversely affect store openings and renovations and increase our costs. For example, during 2021 through 2022 we experienced significant delays associated with our planned opening of new locations in California, primarily as a result of permitting challenges, and such delays increased our costs and resulted in significant lost sales opportunities. Further, changing local demographics at existing store locations may adversely affect revenue and profitability levels at those stores. The early termination or expiration of leases at existing store locations may adversely affect us if the renewal terms of those leases are unacceptable to us and we are forced to close or relocate stores. If we determine to close or relocate a store subject to a lease, we may remain obligated under the applicable lease for the balance of the lease term. In addition to potentially incurring costs related to lease obligations, we may also incur employee-related severance or other facility closure costs for stores that are closed or relocated.

Omnichannel growth in our business is complex and if we are unable to successfully maintain a relevant omnichannel experience for our customers, our sales and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Enhancing the customer experience through omnichannel programs such as buy-online-pickup-in-store, new or expanded delivery options, the ability to shop through a mobile application or other similar programs depends in part on the effectiveness of our inventory management processes and systems, the effectiveness of our merchandising strategy and mix, our supply chain and distribution capabilities, and the timing and effectiveness of our marketing activities, particularly our promotions. Website or catalog downtime and other technology disruptions in our omnichannel business, including interruptions due to cyber-related issues, aging informational technology infrastructure or natural disasters, as well as supply and distribution delays and other related issues may negatively affect our operations. If we are not able to successfully operate or improve our e-commerce platform and omnichannel business, we may not be able to provide a relevant shopping experience or improve customer traffic, sales or margins, and our reputation, operations, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

Our success, to a significant extent, depends on the continued engagement, services and experience of our executives and other team members. Our ability to attract, develop and retain an adequate number of qualified team members depends on factors such as employee morale, our reputation, competition from other employers, availability of qualified personnel, our ability to offer competitive compensation and benefit packages and our ability to maintain a safe working environment. Failure to recruit or retain qualified team members may impact our ability to serve our customers, increase our costs and impair our efficiency and ability to pursue growth opportunities. Additionally, turnover in executive or other key positions can disrupt progress in implementing business strategies, result in a loss of institutional knowledge, impair our ability to execute, distract other team members from their key areas of focus or otherwise negatively impact our business and results. For example, we experienced turnover in senior leadership positions in our accounting function during 2023 that led to our having a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to attract and retain personnel with expertise in the required areas, there may be disruptions in our financial processes and reporting, delays to full remediation of the material weakness in our internal controls or higher likelihood of additional control deficiencies or future material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting.

We work diligently to maintain the privacy and security of our customers, suppliers, team members and business information and the functioning of our computer systems, website and other online offerings. In the event of a security breach or other cyber security incident, we could experience adverse operational effects or interruptions and/or become subject to legal or regulatory proceedings, any of which could lead to damage to our reputation in the marketplace and substantial costs.

The nature of our business requires us to receive, retain and transmit certain personally identifiable information about our customers, suppliers and team members, some of which is entrusted to third-party service providers. We have taken and continue to undertake significant steps, including contractual provisions and third-party risk management processes, to protect such personally identifiable information and other confidential information and to protect the functioning of our computer systems, website and other online offerings. Despite these efforts, a compromise of our data security systems or those of businesses we interact with could result in information related to our customers, suppliers, team members or business being obtained by unauthorized persons or adverse operational effects or interruptions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We develop, maintain and update processes and systems in an effort to try to prevent this from occurring, but these actions are costly and require constant,

ongoing attention as technologies change, privacy and information security regulations change, and efforts to overcome security measures by bad actors continue to become ever more sophisticated. The cost of complying with stricter and more complex data privacy (such as the California Consumer Privacy Act, which grants expanded rights to access and delete personal information and opt out of certain personal information sharing), data collection and information security laws and standards could also be significant to us. Such laws and standards may also increase our responsibility and liability in relation to personal data that we process, and we may be required to put in place additional mechanisms ensuring compliance with privacy laws and regulations. Additionally, since we do not control our third-party service providers and our ability to monitor their data security is limited, we cannot ensure the security measures they take will be sufficient to protect our data. A weakness or failure or a breach of a third-party provider’s software or systems or controls could result in the compromise of the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our systems or the data housed in our third-party solutions.

Despite our efforts, our security measures may be breached in the future due to a cyber attack, computer malware viruses, exploitation of hardware and software vulnerabilities, team member error, malfeasance, fraudulent inducement (including so-called “social engineering” attacks and “phishing” scams) or other acts. While we have experienced threats to our data and systems, including phishing attacks, to date we are not aware that we have experienced a material cyber-security incident. Unauthorized parties may in the future obtain access to our data or the data of our customers, suppliers or team members or may otherwise cause damage to or interfere with our equipment, our data and/or our network including our supply chain. While we maintain insurance coverage that may, subject to policy terms and conditions, cover certain aspects of cyber risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover losses in any particular situation. Any breach, damage to or interference with our equipment or our network, or unauthorized access in the future could result in significant operational difficulties including legal and financial exposure and damage to our reputation that could potentially have an adverse effect on our business. While we also seek to obtain assurances that others we interact with will protect confidential information, there is always the risk that the confidentiality or accessibility of data held or utilized by others may be compromised. If a compromise of our data security or function of our computer systems or website were to occur, it could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition and possibly subject us to additional legal, regulatory and operating costs and damage our reputation in the marketplace.

We may continue to make strategic acquisitions and enter into strategic relationships as an element of our strategy. Acquisitions, joint ventures and other strategic relationships involve certain risks that could cause our growth and profitability to differ from our expectations. The success of these acquisitions and relationships depends on a number of factors, including but not limited to:

We are dependent on our suppliers to supply us with products that comply with safety and quality standards at competitive prices.

We are dependent on our vendors continuing to supply us with quality products on payment terms that are favorable to us. If our merchandise offerings do not meet our customers’ expectations regarding safety, innovation and quality, we could experience lost sales, increased costs and exposure to legal and reputational risk. Our suppliers are subject to applicable product safety laws, and we are dependent on them to ensure that the products we buy comply with all safety and quality standards. We have also established standards for product safety and quality and workplace standards that we require all our suppliers to meet. We do not condone human trafficking, forced labor, child labor, harassment or abuse of any kind, and we expect our suppliers to operate within these same principles. Our ability to find qualified suppliers who can supply products in a timely and efficient manner that meet our standards can be challenging. Events that give rise to actual, potential or perceived product safety concerns could expose us to government enforcement action and private litigation and result in costly product recalls and other liabilities. Suppliers may also fail to invest adequately in design, production or distribution facilities, may reduce their customer incentives, advertising and promotional activities or change their pricing policies. To the extent our suppliers are subject to additional government regulation of their product design and/or manufacturing processes, the cost of the merchandise we purchase may rise. In addition, negative customer perceptions regarding the safety or quality of the products we sell could cause our customers to seek alternative sources for their needs, resulting in lost sales. In those circumstances, it may be difficult and costly for us to regain the confidence of our customers.

Because we are involved in litigation from time to time, and are subject to numerous laws and governmental regulations, we could incur substantial judgments, fines, legal fees and other costs.

We are subject to numerous federal, state and local laws and governmental regulations relating to, among other things, environmental protection, product quality and safety standards, weights and measures, building and zoning requirements, labor and employment, discrimination, anti-bribery/anti-corruption, data privacy, income taxes and trade sanctions and compliance. Compliance with existing and future laws and regulations could increase the cost of doing business and adversely affect our results of operations. If we fail to comply with existing or future laws or regulations, we may be subject to governmental or judicial fines or sanctions while incurring substantial legal fees and costs as well as reputational risk. In addition, our capital and operating expenses could increase due to remediation measures that may be required if we are found to be noncompliant with any existing or future laws or regulations.

Business interruptions may negatively impact our store hours, operability of our computer systems and the availability and cost of merchandise, which may adversely impact our sales and profitability.

Hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes or other natural disasters, war or acts of terrorism, civil or geopolitical unrest, public health issues or pandemics or the threat of any of these incidents or others, may have a negative impact on our ability to obtain merchandise to sell in our stores, result in certain of our stores being closed for an extended period of time, negatively affect the lives of our customers or team members, or otherwise negatively impact our operations. Some of our merchandise is imported from other countries. If imported goods become difficult or impossible to import into the United States due to business interruption (including regulation of exporting or importing), and if we cannot obtain such merchandise from other sources at similar costs and without an adverse delay, our sales and profit margins may be negatively affected.

In the event that commercial transportation, including the global shipping industry, is curtailed or substantially delayed, our business may be adversely impacted as we may have difficulty receiving merchandise from our suppliers and/or transporting it to our stores.

Terrorist attacks, warfare, geopolitical instability, or uncertainty or insurrection involving any oil producing country could result in an abrupt increase in the price of crude oil, gasoline and diesel fuel. Such price increases would increase the cost of doing business for us and our suppliers, and also negatively impact our customers’ disposable income, causing an adverse impact on our business, sales, profit margins and results of operations.

We rely extensively on our computer systems and the systems of our business partners to manage inventory, process transactions and report results. These systems are subject to damage or interruption due to various reasons such as power outages, telecommunication failures, computer viruses, security breaches, malicious cyber attacks and catastrophic events or occasional system breakdowns related to ordinary use or wear and tear. If our computer systems or those of our business partners fail, we may experience loss of critical data and interruptions or delays in our ability to process transactions and manage inventory. Any significant business interruptions may make it difficult or impossible to continue operations, and any disaster recovery or crisis management plans we may employ may not suffice in any particular situation to avoid a significant adverse impact to our business, financial condition and our results of operations.

If overall demand for the products we sell declines, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will suffer. Decreased demand could also negatively impact our stock price.

Overall demand for products we sell depends on many factors and may decrease due to any number of reasons, including:

We may be adversely affected by legal, regulatory or market responses regarding technological adaptation in the automotive industry.

If we are unable to compete successfully against other companies in the automotive aftermarket industry, we may lose customers and market share and our revenues may decline.

In addition, our reputation is critical to our continued success. Customers are increasingly shopping, reading reviews and comparing products and prices online. If we fail to maintain high standards for, or receive negative publicity (whether through social media or traditional media channels) relating to, product safety and quality, as well as our integrity and reputation, we could lose customers to our competition. The products we sell are brands of our vendors and our owned brands. If the perceived quality or value of the brands we sell declines in the perception of our customers, our results of operations could be negatively affected.

Competition may require us to reduce our prices below our normal selling prices or increase our promotional spending, which could lower our revenue and profitability. Competitive disadvantages may also prevent us from introducing new product lines, require us to discontinue current product offerings, or change some of our current operating strategies. If we do not have the resources, expertise and consistent execution, or otherwise fail to develop successful strategies, to address these potential competitive disadvantages, we may lose customers and market share, our revenues and profit margins may decline and we may be less profitable or potentially unprofitable.

Our inventory and ability to meet customer expectations may be adversely impacted by factors out of our control.

For the portion of our inventory manufactured and/or sourced outside the United States, geopolitical changes, changes in trade regulations or tariff rates, currency fluctuations, work stoppages, labor strikes, port delays, shipping disruptions, civil unrest, natural disasters, pandemics and other factors beyond our control may increase the cost of items we purchase or create shortages that could have a material adverse effect on our sales and profitability. In addition, unanticipated changes in consumer preferences or any unforeseen hurdles in meeting our customers’ needs for automotive products (particularly parts availability) in a timely manner could undermine our business strategy.

Deterioration of general macroeconomic conditions, including unemployment, inflation or deflation, consumer debt levels, and/or high fuel and energy costs, could have a negative impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows due to impacts on our suppliers, customers and operating results.

Our business depends on developing and maintaining close relationships with our suppliers and on our suppliers’ ability and willingness to sell quality products to us at favorable prices and terms. Many factors outside our control may harm these relationships and the ability or willingness of these suppliers to sell us products on favorable terms. Such factors include a general decline in the economy and economic conditions and prolonged recessionary conditions. These events could negatively affect our suppliers’ operations and make it difficult for them to obtain the credit lines or loans necessary to finance their operations in the short-term or long-term and meet our product requirements. Financial or operational difficulties that some of our suppliers may face could also increase the cost of the products we purchase from them or our ability to source products from them. We might not be able to pass our increased costs onto our customers. If our suppliers fail to develop new products, we may not be able to meet the demands of our customers and our results of operations could be negatively affected.

In addition, the trend towards consolidation among automotive parts suppliers as well as the off-shoring of manufacturing capacity to foreign countries may disrupt or end our relationship with certain suppliers, and could lead to less competition and result in higher prices. We could also be negatively impacted by suppliers who might experience bankruptcies, work stoppages, labor strikes, changes in foreign or domestic trade policies, changes in tariff rates or other interruptions to or difficulties in the manufacture or supply of the products we purchase from them.

Deterioration in macroeconomic conditions or an increase in fuel costs or proposed or additional tariffs may have a negative impact on our customers’ net worth, financial resources, disposable income or willingness or ability to pay for accessories, maintenance or repairs for their vehicles, resulting in lower sales. An increase in fuel costs may also reduce the overall number of miles driven by our customers resulting in fewer parts failures and a reduced need for elective maintenance.

Rising energy prices also directly impact our operating and product costs, including our store, supply chain, professional delivery, utility and product acquisition costs.

Our level of indebtedness, a downgrade in our credit ratings or a deterioration in global credit markets could limit the cash flow available for operations and could adversely affect our ability to service our debt or obtain additional financing.

Our level of indebtedness could restrict our operations and make it more difficult for us to satisfy our debt obligations. For example, our level of indebtedness could, among other things:

The indentures governing our senior unsecured notes and credit agreement governing our credit facilities contain financial and other restrictive covenants. Our failure to comply with those covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all of our debt, including such notes.

Conditions and events in the global credit market could have a material adverse effect on our access to short- and long-term borrowings to finance our operations and the terms and cost of that debt. It is possible that one or more of the banks that provide us with financing under our revolving credit facility may fail to honor the terms of our existing credit facility or be financially unable to provide the unused credit as a result of significant deterioration in such bank’s financial condition. An inability to obtain sufficient financing at cost-effective rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The market price of our common stock may be volatile and could expose us to securities class action litigation.

The amount and frequency of our share repurchases and dividend payments may fluctuate.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

Item 2. Properties.

The following table summarizes the location, ownership status and total square footage of space utilized for distribution centers, principal corporate office and retail stores and branches as of December 30, 2023:

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “AAP.”

 

Stock Price Performance

The following graph shows a comparison of the cumulative total return on our common stock, the Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500 Index and the S&P’s Retail Index. The graph assumes that the value of an investment in our common stock was $100.00 on December 29, 2018, and that any dividends have been reinvested. The comparison in the graph below is based solely on historical data and is not intended to forecast the possible future performance of our common stock.

Item 6. [Reserved]

Management Overview

A high-level summary of our financial results and other highlights from 2023 includes:

We have been executing various initiatives to improve the customer experience, expand margins and drive consistent execution for both professional and do-it-yourself (“DIY”) customers, including:

While these factors tend to fluctuate, we remain confident in the long-term growth prospects for the automotive parts industry.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain of our operating data expressed as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated.

We calculate comparable store sales based on the change in store or branch sales starting once a location has been open for 13 complete four-week periods (approximately one year) and by including e-commerce sales. Sales to independently-owned Carquest stores are excluded from our comparable store sales. Acquired stores are included in our comparable store sales once the stores have completed 13 complete accounting periods following the acquisition date. We include sales from relocated stores in comparable store sales from the original date of opening. Comparable sales is intended only as supplemental information and is not a substitute for Net sales presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In August 2019, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program. Under the program, we may periodically repurchase shares of our common stock at market prices through open market purchases effected through a broker dealer and in privately negotiated transactions. The Board of Directors may increase or otherwise modify, renew, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program without prior notice. On February 8, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $1.0 billion toward our share repurchase program. Previously, in April 2021 and November 2019, our Board of Directors authorized $1.0 billion and $700.0 million for our share repurchase program.

Our future capital requirements will depend in large part on the timing or number of the investments we make in information technology and supply chain network initiatives and existing stores and new store development (leased and owned locations) within a given year. In 2024, we anticipate that our capital expenditures related to such investments will range from $200 million to $250 million but may vary with business conditions.

The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:

Our Board of Directors has declared a quarterly cash dividend since 2006. Any payments of dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our results of operations, cash flows, capital requirements and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

As of March 12, 2024, we had a credit rating from S&P of BB+ and from Moody’s Investor Service of Baa3. The current outlooks by S&P and Moody’s were stable and negative, respectively. The current pricing grid used to determine our borrowing rate under our revolving credit facility is based on our credit ratings. If our credit ratings further decline, it would negatively impact our interest rate, and our access to additional financing on favorable terms may be limited. In addition, further decline in our credit ratings would likely reduce the attractiveness of our supplier finance programs, whereby our suppliers are provided financing arrangements based on our credit rating. This could result in significantly lower supplier or bank participation in those programs. Following the downgrade in our credit rating from S&P, certain banks reduced participation in our programs. This capacity has been substantially replaced with new participating banks as well as existing participating banks providing increased capacity. Lower participation in our supplier payment programs would shorten our payable terms, resulting in an increase in our working capital requirements, and may have a material negative impact on our liquidity or capital resources.

With respect to all senior unsecured notes for which Advance Auto Parts, Inc. (“Issuer”) is an issuer or provides a full and unconditional guarantee, Advance Stores, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Issuer, serves as the guarantor (“Guarantor Subsidiary”). The subsidiary guarantees related to our senior unsecured notes are full and unconditional and joint and several, and there are no restrictions on the ability of the Issuer to obtain funds from its Guarantor Subsidiary. Our captive insurance subsidiary, an insignificant wholly-owned subsidiary of the Issuer, does not serve as guarantor of our senior unsecured notes.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations are based on these financial statements. The preparation of these financial statements requires the application of accounting policies in addition to certain estimates and judgments by our management. Our estimates and judgments are based on currently available information, historical results and other assumptions we believe are reasonable. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

The preparation of our financial statements included the following significant estimates and exercise of judgment.

We receive incentives in the form of reductions to amounts owed and/or payments from vendors related to volume rebates and other promotional considerations. Many of these incentives are under agreements with terms in excess of one year, while others are negotiated on an annual basis or less. Advertising allowances received as a reimbursement of specific, incremental and identifiable costs incurred to promote a vendor’s products are included as an offset to SG&A when the cost is incurred. Volume rebates and vendor promotional allowances that do not meet the requirements for offsetting in SG&A and that are earned based on inventory purchases are initially recorded as a reduction to inventory. These deferred amounts are recorded as a reduction to Cost of sales as the inventory is sold.

Vendor promotional allowances provided as a reimbursement of specific, incremental and identifiable costs incurred to promote a vendor’s products are included as an offset to SG&A when the cost is incurred if the fair value of that benefit can be reasonably estimated. Certain of our vendor agreements contain purchase volume incentives that provide for increased funding when graduated purchase volumes are met. Amounts accrued throughout the year could be impacted if actual purchase volumes differ from projected annual purchase volumes. Periodic assessments of the accruals are performed to determine the appropriateness of the estimate and are adjusted accordingly.

Amounts received or receivable from vendors that are not yet earned are reflected initially as a reduction to inventory, which subsequently is recorded to Cost of sales. Our estimate of the portion of deferred revenue that will be realized within one year of the balance sheet date is included in Other current liabilities. Earned amounts that are receivable from vendors are included in Receivables, net, except for that portion expected to be received after one year, which is included in Other assets, net. We regularly review the receivables from vendors to ensure they are able to meet their obligations. Historically, the change in our reserve for receivables related to vendor funding has not been significant.

Our self-insurance reserves consist of the estimated exposure for claims filed, claims incurred but not yet reported and projected future claims, and are established using actuarial methods followed in the insurance industry and our historical claims experience. Specific factors include, but are not limited to, assumptions about health care costs, the severity of accidents, the incidence of illness and the average size of claims. Generally, claims for automobile and general liability and workers’ compensation take several years to settle. We classify the portion of our self-insurance reserves that is not expected to be settled within one year in Other long-term liabilities.

We classify each product into a product lifecycle category: introduction, expansion, saturation, reduction and disposition. This assessment is routinely performed and includes, but is not limited to, the analysis of anticipated, historical and actual demand; and changes in customer preferences. SKU-level classifications are updated as warranted.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks.

We are subject to interest rate risk to the extent we borrow against our revolving credit facility as it is based, at our option, on adjusted Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a margin, or an alternate base rate plus a margin. As of December 30, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2022, we had $185.0 million of borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility.

Our financial assets that are exposed to credit risk consist primarily of trade accounts receivable and vendor receivables. We are exposed to normal credit risk from customers. Our concentration of credit risk is limited because our customer base consists of a large number of customers with relatively small balances, which allows the credit risk to be spread across a broad base. We have not historically had significant credit losses.

We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations for the portion of our inventory purchases denominated in foreign currencies. We believe that the price volatility relating to foreign currency exchange rates is partially mitigated by our ability to adjust selling prices. During 2023 and 2022, foreign currency transactions did not materially impact Net income.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), are management’s controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by management in the Company’s reports that are filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Internal controls over financial reporting, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error and the override of controls. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only “reasonable assurance” with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and financial statement preparation and presentation. Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness may vary over time.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures as of December 30, 2023. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and our principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to accomplish their objectives at the reasonable assurance level due to the material weakness described below.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13(a) - 15(f) under the Exchange Act. Management’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide “reasonable assurance” regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Management’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company’s assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that its receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors; and (3) provide “reasonable assurance” regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of its assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

As previously disclosed in our Form 10-Q for the period ended April 22, 2023 and continuing to exist as of December 30, 2023, management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting that existed due to turnover of key accounting positions. The Company was not able to attract, develop and retain sufficient resources to fulfill internal control and accounting responsibilities.

Attestation Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm

Management’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 30, 2023 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, who also audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 30, 2023, as stated in their report included herein, which expresses an adverse opinion on the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 30, 2023.

Remediation Efforts to Address the Previously Disclosed Material Weakness

The Company considers the remediation of the material weakness to be a top priority and has made significant progress in executing the remediation plan. The material weakness will not be considered fully remediated until the remediation actions are tested and deemed to have been operating effectively for a sufficient period of time.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Except for the changes described above, there has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter ended December 30, 2023 that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect its internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act.

Item 9B. Other Information.

During the twelve weeks ended December 30, 2023, no Rule 10b5-1 or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements were adopted or terminated by the Company’s officers or directors as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Not applicable.

For a discussion of our directors, executive officers and corporate governance, see the information set forth in the sections and subsections entitled “Proposal No. 1 - Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” “Additional Information Regarding Executive Compensation - Information Concerning our Executive Officers,” “Audit Committee Report,” and “Additional Information Regarding Executive Compensation - Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports,” “Code of Ethics and Business Conduct” and “Code of Ethics for Finance Professionals” in our proxy statement for the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 30, 2023 (the “2024 Proxy Statement”), which is incorporated herein by reference.

See the information set forth in the subsections entitled “Equity Compensation Plan Information” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the 2024 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

See the information set forth in the subsection entitled “2023 and 2022 Audit Fees” in the 2024 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Advance Auto Parts, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 30, 2023, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 30, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

The Company receives incentives in the form of reductions in amounts owed to and/or payments due from vendors related to volume rebates and other promotions. Volume rebates and vendor promotional allowances are earned based on inventory purchases and initially recorded as a reduction to inventory, except for allowances provided as reimbursement of specific, incremental and identifiable costs incurred to promote a vendor’s products that are offset in selling, general and administrative expenses. The deferred amounts are recorded as a reduction in cost of sales as the inventory is sold. Total deferred vendor incentives included as a reduction of inventories were $67.9 million as of December 30, 2023.

While many of these incentives are under long-term agreements in excess of one year, others are negotiated on an annual basis or shorter. Accordingly, auditing vendor incentives was challenging due to the extent of audit effort required to evaluate whether the vendor incentives were recorded in accordance with the terms of the vendor agreements.

Our audit procedures related to whether the vendor incentives were recorded in accordance with the terms of the vendor agreements included the following, among others:

/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP

Charlotte, North Carolina

March 12, 2024

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Advance Auto Parts, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 30, 2023, of the Company and our report dated March 12, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Material Weakness

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management's assessment. Management has identified a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting due to the inability to attract, develop and retain sufficient resources to fulfill internal control and accounting responsibilities. This material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of

the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 30, 2023, of the Company, and this report does not affect our report on such financial statements.

/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP

Charlotte, North Carolina

March 12, 2024

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

Advance Auto Parts, Inc. and subsidiaries is a leading automotive aftermarket parts provider in North America, serving both professional installers (“professional”) and “do-it-yourself” (“DIY”) customers. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared by us and include the accounts of Advance Auto Parts, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Advance Stores Company, Incorporated (“Advance Stores”) and Neuse River Insurance Company, Inc., and their subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “Advance,” “we,” “us” or “our”).

As of December 30, 2023, we operated a total of 4,786 stores and 321 branches primarily within the United States, with additional locations in Canada, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In addition, as of December 30, 2023, we served 1,245 independently owned Carquest branded stores across the same geographic locations served by our stores and branches in addition to Mexico and various Caribbean islands. Our stores operate primarily under the trade names “Advance Auto Parts” and “Carquest,” and our branches operate under the “Worldpac” trade names.

Accounting Period

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Advance prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks and highly-liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less. Additionally, credit card and debit card receivables from banks, which generally settle in less than four business days, are included in cash equivalents.

Inventory

Our inventory consists primarily of parts, batteries, accessories and other products used on vehicles that have reasonably long shelf lives and is stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of our merchandise inventory is primarily determined using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method. Under the LIFO method, our cost of sales reflects the costs of the most recently purchased inventories, while the inventory carrying balance represents the costs relating to prices paid in 2023 and prior years. We regularly review inventory quantities on-hand, consider whether we may have excess or obsolete inventory based on our current approach for managing slower moving inventory and adjust the carrying value as necessary. In 2023, we performed a strategic and operational review of the business, which included the rationalization of product assortment and planned decisive actions. As a result, we made a change in our estimate of excess inventory reserves resulting in a $116.0 million charge to cost of sales.

Vendor Incentives

We receive incentives in the form of reductions to amounts owed to and/or payments from vendors related to volume rebates and other promotional considerations. Many of these incentives are under long-term agreements in excess of one year, while others are negotiated on an annual or more frequent basis. Advertising allowances provided as a reimbursement of specific, incremental and identifiable costs incurred to promote a vendor’s products are included as an offset to SG&A when the cost is incurred. Volume rebates and allowances that do not meet the requirements for offsetting in SG&A are recorded as a reduction to inventory as volume rebates and allowances are earned based on inventory purchases. Total deferred vendor incentives recorded as a reduction of Inventories were $67.9 million and $77.5 million as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged directly to expense when incurred; major improvements are capitalized. When items are sold or retired, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the account balances, with any gain or loss reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Depreciation of land improvements, buildings, furniture, fixtures and equipment and vehicles is provided over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets using the straight-line method. Depreciation of building and leasehold improvements is provided over the shorter of the original useful lives of the respective assets or the term of the lease using the straight-line method.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

We perform our evaluation for the impairment of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for our reporting units annually as of the first day of the fourth quarter, or when indications of potential impairment exist. These indicators would include a significant change in operating performance, the business climate, legal factors, competition, or a planned sale or disposition of a significant portion of the business, among other factors. Our evaluation of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles may be a Step-0 analysis, which consists of a qualitative assessment, or a Step-1 analysis, which includes a quantitative assessment. In a Step-0 analysis, we assess qualitative factors such as current company performance and overall economic factors to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that the goodwill might be impaired and whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the quantitative goodwill impairment test, we compare the carrying value of a reporting unit to its fair value. In performing a Step-1 analysis, we have historically used an income approach which requires many assumptions including forecast, discount rate, long-term growth rate, among other items. We have also utilized the market approach which derives metrics from comparable publicly-traded companies. We have generally engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist in the fair value assessment of goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit is lower than its carrying amount, goodwill is written down for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value.

Our other indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at the asset group level. Other indefinite-lived intangible assets are evaluated by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the future discounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate. If the fair value based on the future discounted cash flows exceeds the carrying value, we conclude that no intangible asset impairment has occurred. If the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds the fair value, we recognize an impairment loss.

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

We evaluate the recoverability of our long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset might not be recoverable and exceeds its fair value. When such an event occurs, we estimate the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the long-lived asset or asset group and its eventual disposition. These impairment evaluations involve estimates of asset useful lives and future cash flows. If the undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset and the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. When an impairment loss is recognized, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its estimated fair value based on quoted market prices or other valuation techniques (e.g., discounted cash flow analysis).

Self-Insurance

We are self-insured for general and automobile liability, workers’ compensation and health care claims of our team members, while maintaining stop-loss coverage with third-party insurers to limit our total liability exposure. Expenses associated with these liabilities are calculated for (i) claims filed, (ii) claims incurred but not yet reported and (iii) projected future claims using actuarial methods followed in the insurance industry as well as our historical claims experience. We include the current portion of self-insurance reserves in Accrued expenses and the long-term portion of self insurance reserves in Other long-term liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Leases

We lease certain store locations, distribution centers, office spaces, equipment and vehicles. We recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease unless external economic factors exist such that renewals are reasonably certain. In those instances, the renewal period would be included in the lease term to determine the period in which to recognize the lease expense. Most leases require us to pay non-lease components, such as taxes, maintenance, insurance and other certain costs applicable to the leased asset. For leases related to our store locations, distribution centers, office spaces and vehicles, we account for lease and non-lease components as a single amount.

A three-level valuation hierarchy, based upon observable and unobservable inputs, is used for fair value measurements. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions based on the best evidence available. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy: Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets; Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable; and Level 3 - Instruments whose significant inputs are unobservable. Financial instruments are transferred in and/or out of Level 1, 2 or 3 at the beginning of the accounting period in which there is a change in valuation inputs.

Share-Based Payments

We provide share-based compensation to our eligible team members and Board of Directors. We are required to exercise judgment and make estimates when determining the (i) fair value of each award granted and (ii) projected number of awards expected to vest. We calculate the fair value of all share-based awards at the date of grant and use the straight-line method to amortize this fair value as compensation cost over the requisite service period.

Revenues

In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized at the time the sale is made at which time our walk-in customers take immediate possession of the merchandise or same-day delivery is made to our professional delivery customers, which include certain independently owned store locations. Payment terms are established for our professional delivery customers based on pre-established credit requirements. Payment terms vary depending on the customer and generally range from one to 30 days. Based on the nature of receivables, no significant financing components exist. For e-commerce sales, revenue is recognized either at the time of pick-up at one of our store locations or at the time of shipment depending on the customer's order designation. Sales are recorded net of discounts, sales incentives and rebates, sales taxes, and estimated returns and allowances. We estimate the reduction to Net sales and Cost of sales for returns based on current sales levels and our historical return experience.

We provide assurance-type warranty coverage primarily on batteries, brakes and struts whereby we are required to provide replacement product at no cost or a reduced cost for a set period of time. We estimate our warranty obligation at the time of sale based on the historical return experience, sales level and cost of the respective product sold. To the extent vendors provide upfront allowances in lieu of accepting the obligation for warranty claims and the allowance is in excess of the related warranty expense, the excess is recorded as a reduction to cost of sales.

Some of our products include a core component, which represents a recyclable piece of the auto part. If a customer purchases an auto part that includes a core component, the customer is charged for the core unless a used core is returned at the time of sale. Customers that return a core subsequent to the sale date will be refunded.

The following table summarizes financial information for each of our product groups:

Receivables, net, consists primarily of receivables from professional customers and is stated at net realizable value. We grant credit to certain professional customers who meet our pre-established credit requirements. We regularly review accounts receivable balances and maintain allowances for credit losses estimated whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. We consider the following factors when determining if collection is reasonably assured: customer creditworthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current economic and industry trends and changes in customer payment terms. We control credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits and accounts receivable and credit monitoring procedures.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes actual product cost, warranty costs, vendor incentives, cash discounts on payments to vendors, costs associated with operating our distribution network, including payroll and benefits costs, occupancy costs and depreciation, in-bound freight-related costs from our vendors, impairment of inventory resulting from store closures and inventory-related reserves and costs associated with moving merchandise inventories from our distribution centers to stores, branch locations and customers.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A includes payroll and benefits costs for store and corporate team members; occupancy costs of store and corporate facilities; depreciation and amortization related to store and corporate assets; share-based compensation expense; advertising; self-insurance; costs of consolidating, converting or closing facilities, including early termination of lease obligations; severance and impairment charges; professional services and costs associated with our professional delivery program, including payroll and benefits costs; and transportation expenses associated with moving merchandise inventories from stores and branches to customer locations. 

Preopening Expenses

Preopening expenses, which consist primarily of payroll and occupancy costs related to the opening of new stores, are expensed as incurred as a component of SG&A in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Advertising Costs

We expense advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expense, net of qualifying vendor promotional funds, was $151.8 million, $164.0 million and $178.0 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021.

Foreign Currency Translation

The assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates. Revenues, expenses and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates for the year. Resulting translation adjustments are reflected as a separate component in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Foreign currency transactions, which are included in Other income (expense), net, were a loss of $3.4 million in 2023, loss of $4.8 million in 2022 and income of $1.7 million in 2021.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred income taxes reflect the net income tax effect of temporary differences between the basis of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and for income tax reporting purposes. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period of the enactment date.

We recognize tax benefits and/or tax liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained in an audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts as we must determine the probability of various possible outcomes.

We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis or when new information becomes available to management. The reevaluations are based on many factors, including but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, successfully settled issues under audit, expirations due to statutes of limitations and new federal or state audit activity. Any change in either our recognition or measurement could result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an increase to the tax accrual. 

Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share of common stock has been computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by including the effect of dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share of common stock reflects the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, outstanding deferred stock units and the impact of outstanding stock awards (collectively “share-based awards”) if the conversion of these awards are dilutive. Share-based awards containing performance conditions are included in the dilution impact as those conditions are met.

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. Our CODM, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by information about our three operating segments, for the purpose of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.

We have one reportable segment as the three operating segments are aggregated primarily due to the economic and operational similarities of each operating segment as the stores and branches have similar characteristics, including the nature of the products and services offered, customer base and the methods used to distribute products and provide services to its customers.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Not Yet Adopted

Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted

We used the LIFO method of accounting for approximately 91.4% of Inventories at December 30, 2023 and 92.4% of Inventories at December 31, 2022. As a result of changes in the LIFO reserve, we recorded a decrease to Cost of sales of $94.6

million in 2023 and an increase to Cost of sales of $311.8 million in 2022 and a decrease to Cost of sales of $122.3 million in 2021.

Purchasing and warehousing costs included in Inventories as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $576.9 million and $635.9 million.

Inventory balances were as follows:

Goodwill

At December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of Goodwill in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets was $991.7 million and $990.5 million. The change in Goodwill during 2023 and 2022 was $1.2 million and $3.3 million, and related to foreign currency translation. There has been no history of impairment of goodwill experienced to date.

Other Intangible Assets, Net

Amortization expense was $29.5 million, $31.0 million and $31.1 million for 2023, 2022 and 2021. A summary of the composition of the gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of acquired other intangible assets are presented in the following table: