Procore (PCOR) 10-Q2023 Q1 Quarterly report

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements regarding our future operating results and financial position, our business strategy and plans, market growth and trends, and our objectives for future operations. Forward-looking statements generally relate to future events or our future financial or operating performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” or “would,” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:

You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and operating results. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

In addition, statements that “we believe,” and similar statements, reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. While we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the “Company,” “Procore,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Procore Technologies, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Below is a summary of factors material to our business that make an investment in our securities speculative or risky. Importantly, this summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized in this risk factor summary, as well as other risks we face can be found under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Our business is subject to a number of risks of which you should be aware before making a decision to invest in our common stock. These risks include, among others, the following:

Procore Technologies, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “Procore” or the “Company”) provides a cloud-based construction management platform and related products and services that allow the construction industry’s key stakeholders, such as owners, general contractors, specialty contractors, architects, and engineers, to collaborate on construction projects.

The Company was incorporated in California in 2002 and re-incorporated in Delaware in 2014. The Company is headquartered in Carpinteria, California, and has operations globally.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the interim financial statements of Procore Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and are unaudited. Certain information and disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended December 31, 2022. The condensed consolidated balance sheet information as of December 31, 2022 has been derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with that used to prepare the audited annual consolidated financial statements and include, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, necessary for the fair statement of the condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain balances have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates its estimates and assumptions for continued reasonableness, primarily with respect to revenue recognition, the period of benefit of contract cost assets, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, stock-based compensation expense, including the fair value of the Company’s common stock prior to the effective date of the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”), the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, useful lives of long-lived assets, capitalization of software development costs, income taxes, including related reserves and allowances, and self-insurance reserve estimates. Appropriate adjustments, if any, to the estimates used are made prospectively based upon such periodic evaluation. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable. Actual results could differ from the Company's estimates.

The Company operates as a single operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. In recent years, the Company has completed a number of acquisitions which have allowed it to expand its platform capabilities and related product and service offerings.

While the Company provides different product and service offerings, including as a result of its acquisitions, its business operates as one operating segment because its CODM evaluates the Company’s financial information for purposes of assessing financial performance and allocating resources on a consolidated basis.

Investments with stated maturities of greater than three months are classified as marketable securities, which consist of United States ("U.S.") treasury securities, commercial paper, corporate notes and obligations, and time deposits. The Company determines the appropriate classification of each investment at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such classification at each balance sheet date. The Company classifies each marketable debt security as either short-term or long-term at each balance sheet date based on the underlying investment’s contractual maturity date. Short-term investments are investments with an original maturity date of less than one year when purchased. All marketable securities held as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are classified and accounted for as short-term available-for-sale debt securities, which are carried at fair value.

The Company periodically assesses its portfolio of marketable securities for impairment. The Company evaluates each investment in an unrealized loss position to determine if any portion of the unrealized loss is related to credit losses. In determining whether a credit loss may exist, the Company considers the extent of the unrealized loss position, any adverse conditions specifically related to the security or the issuer’s operating environment, the pay structure of the security, the issuer’s payment history, and any changes in the issuer’s credit rating. Unrealized losses on marketable securities due to expected credit losses are recognized in other (expense) income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and any excess unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, that are not due to expected credit losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of stockholders’ equity. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no credit losses recorded on marketable securities. Interest recorded on marketable securities is recorded in interest income, with accretion of discounts, net of amortization of premiums, recorded in accretion income, net, on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

In connection with its acquisition of Express Lien, Inc. (d/b/a Levelset) (“Levelset”), in November 2021, the Company assumed a materials financing program, which facilitates the purchase of construction materials from fulfillment partners (the Company’s suppliers) on behalf of its customers, allowing such customers to finance their materials purchases from the Company on deferred payment terms. The fulfillment partner is primarily responsible for fulfilling the materials purchases and the Company does not have control over such materials. The Company earns revenues from origination fees and finance charges on the amounts it finances for customers on deferred payment terms, which are typically 120 days. Such fees earned are computed and recognized based on the effective interest method and are presented net of any related reserves and amortization of deferred origination costs.

Gross receivables outstanding from customers under the materials financing program were $17.0 million and $13.6 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The related allowance for expected credit losses for materials financing receivables was $3.4 million and $2.1 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Materials financing receivables, net of allowances, are recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

In January 2022, the Company elected to partially self-fund its health insurance plan. To reduce its risk related to high-dollar claims, the Company maintains individual stop-loss insurance. The Company estimates its exposure for claims incurred at the end of each reporting period, including claims not yet reported, with the assistance of an independent third-party actuary. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s net self-insurance accrual was $2.1 million and $1.9 million, respectively, included within other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The Company holds investments in equity securities of certain privately held companies, which do not have readily determinable fair values. The Company does not have a controlling interest or significant influence in these companies. The Company has elected to measure the non-marketable equity securities at cost, with remeasurements to fair value only upon the occurrence of observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar securities of the same issuer, or in the event of any impairment. This election is reassessed each reporting period to determine whether a non-marketable equity security has a readily determinable fair value, in which case the security would no longer be eligible for this election. All gains and losses on such equity securities, realized and unrealized, are recorded in other (expense) income, net on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company evaluates its non-marketable equity securities for impairment at each reporting period based on a qualitative assessment that considers various potential impairment indicators. If an impairment exists, a loss is recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the investment.

The Company also holds investments in certain limited partnership funds. The Company does not hold a controlling interest or significant influence in these limited partnerships. The fair value of such investments is valued using the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) provided by the fund administrator as a practical expedient.

The Company also holds certain investments in debt securities of privately held companies, which are classified as available-for-sale debt securities. Such available-for-sale debt securities are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in other comprehensive income or loss. The Company periodically reviews its available-for-sale debt securities to determine if there has been an other-than-temporary decline in fair value. If the impairment is deemed other-than-temporary, the portion of the impairment related to credit losses is recognized in other (expense) income, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and the portion related to non-credit related losses is recognized as a component of comprehensive loss.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Fair value measurements are based on a fair value hierarchy using three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable, as follows:

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities (including accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses) approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of such items. The Company measures its cash held in money market funds, marketable securities, and investments in available-for-sale debt securities at fair value each reporting period. The estimation of fair value for available-for-sale debt securities in private companies requires the use of significant unobservable inputs, and as a result, the Company classifies these assets as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company’s investments in equity securities of privately held companies are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis. For investments without a readily determinable fair value, the Company looks to observable transactions, such as the issuance of new equity by an investee, as indicators of investee enterprise value and uses them to estimate the fair value of the investments. The Company’s investments in limited partnerships are valued using NAV as a practical expedient and therefore excluded from the fair value hierarchy.

The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities balances with major financial institutions that typically exceed federally insured limits. Following the closure of Silicon Valley Bank in March 2023, the Company’s checking, saving, and investment accounts were subsequently assumed by First Citizens Bank & Trust Company (“First Citizens Bank”). As of March 31, 2023, less than 1% of the Company's total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities balances were held in deposit accounts at First Citizens Bank, and all other amounts with First Citizens Bank were held in money market funds. The vast majority of the Company's cash and cash equivalents balances were held in the form of money market funds at other large, global financial institutions.

Contract liabilities consist of revenue that is deferred when the Company has the contractual right to invoice in advance of transferring services to its customers. The Company recognized revenue of $171.5 million and $128.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that was included in deferred revenue balances at the beginning of the respective periods.

The transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the contracted transaction price that has not yet been recognized as revenue, which includes deferred revenue and amounts under non-cancelable contracts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $805.5 million, of which the Company expects to recognize approximately 73% as revenue in the next 12 months and substantially all of the remainder between 12 and 36 months thereafter.

Marketable securities consisted of the following as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Strategic investment activity during the three months ended March 31, 2023 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis within the fair value hierarchy are summarized as follows (in thousands):

Operating lease commencements and modifications resulted in net increases to right of use assets–operating leases and corresponding operating lease liabilities on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet of $2.6 million and $7.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company's finite-lived intangible assets are summarized as follows (in thousands):

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had goodwill of $539.1 million on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. The change in the Company’s goodwill balance during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was due to the effect of foreign currency translation. There was no impairment of goodwill during the periods presented.

The following represents the components of accrued expenses contained within the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets at the end of each period (in thousands):

The Company's purchase commitments relate to non-cancelable multi-year agreements with third parties to purchase goods and services. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company executed a renewal agreement for hosting services for a total commitment of $45.0 million to be paid over the period from 2023 through 2025. Outside of this renewal agreement, there were no further material changes to the Company's purchase commitments from those disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

From time to time, the Company may be subject to various litigation matters arising in the ordinary course of business. However, the Company is not aware of any currently pending legal matters or claims that could have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows should such litigation be resolved unfavorably.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company may provide indemnification of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, investors, directors, and officers with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of its breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company, or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. These indemnification provisions may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions may not be subject to maximum loss clauses. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is indeterminable.

The Company has never paid a material claim, nor has the Company been sued in connection with these indemnification arrangements. To date, the Company has not accrued a liability for these guarantees because the likelihood of incurring a payment obligation, if any, in connection with these guarantees is not probable or reasonably estimable.

In May 2021, the Company's board of directors (the "Board") adopted, and the stockholders approved, the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2021 Plan") with the purpose of granting stock-based awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance awards, and other forms of awards, to employees, directors, and consultants. As of December 31, 2022, a total of 37,664,961 shares of common stock were authorized for issuance under the 2021 Plan. The number of shares of the Company's common stock reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan automatically increases on January 1 of each calendar year, starting on January 1, 2022 through January 1, 2031, in an

No stock options were granted during the periods presented.

The following table summarizes the stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

In 2018, the Company began issuing RSUs to certain employees, officers, non-employee consultants, and directors. Substantially all of the RSUs granted subsequent to the Company’s IPO vest based solely on continued service, which is generally over four years, on either a quarterly or annual vesting schedule.

The following table summarizes the RSU activity during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

In November 2021, the Company issued 199,670 RSAs to certain key employees in connection with the acquisition of Levelset that vest based on their continued service over a two-year period. The fair value of the RSAs issued was $95.05 per share, which was the closing trading stock price of the Company’s common stock on the acquisition date. These shares are released from restriction quarterly over a two-year period assuming the continued service of the employees. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized $5.3 million in stock-based compensation related to RSAs whose vesting was accelerated upon the departure of certain employees. The Company also expensed $3.4 million related to the accelerated vesting of cash retention amounts upon such employees' departure, which were recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets as of December 31, 2022.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 182,387 and 99,833 shares have vested, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $6.6 million and $2.4 million, respectively, relating to these shares.

In May 2021, the Board adopted, and the stockholders approved, the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which became effective immediately prior to the effective date of the Company's IPO. A total of 2,600,000 shares of common stock were initially reserved for issuance under the ESPP. The number of shares of the Company's common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP automatically increases on January 1 of each year for a period of ten years, beginning on January 1, 2022 and continuing through January 1, 2031, by the lesser of (i) 1% of the total number of shares of the Company's common stock outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding year; and (ii) 3,900,000 shares, except before the date of any such increase, the Board may determine that such increase will be less than the amount set forth in clauses (i) and (ii). Accordingly, on January 1, 2023 and 2022, the number of shares of common stock reserved under the ESPP increased by an additional 1,391,595 and 1,340,469 shares, respectively.

The offering periods are scheduled to start in May and November of each year. The ESPP provides for consecutive offering periods that will typically have a duration of 12 months in length and comprise two purchase periods of six months in length, subject to reset and rollover provisions.

The ESPP provides eligible employees with an opportunity to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation, subject to a maximum of $25,000 of stock per calendar year. A participant may purchase a maximum of 2,500 shares of common stock during a purchase period. Amounts deducted and accumulated by the participant are used to purchase shares of common stock at the end of each six-month purchase period. The purchase price of the shares shall be 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the common stock on (i) the first trading day of the applicable offering period and (ii) the last trading day of each purchase period in the related offering period. However, in the event the fair value of the common stock on the purchase date is lower than the fair value on the first trading day of the offering period, the offering period is terminated immediately following the purchase and a new offering period begins the following day. Participants may generally end their participation at any time prior to the last 15 days of a purchase period and will be repaid their accrued contributions that have not yet been used to purchase shares of common stock. Participation ends automatically upon termination of employment.

Employee payroll contributions accrued in connection with the ESPP were $11.1 million and $4.7 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and are included within accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Employee payroll contributions ultimately used to purchase shares will be reclassified to stockholders' equity on the purchase date. Stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP is recognized on a straight-line basis over the offering period. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded stock-based compensation of $2.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, in connection with the ESPP.

As of March 31, 2023, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP was $2.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.2 years.

The Company recorded total stock-based compensation cost from stock options, RSUs, RSAs, and the ESPP as follows (in thousands):

Basic and diluted net loss per share is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

As the Company has reported net losses attributable to common stockholders for all periods presented, all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive and accordingly, basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders equals diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders.

The following weighted-average potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as they are anti-dilutive:

The following table sets forth the Company’s revenues by geographic region, which is determined based on the billing location of the customer (in thousands):

Our mission is to connect everyone in construction on a global platform.

We are a leading global provider of cloud-based construction management software, and are helping transform one of the oldest, largest, and least digitized industries in the world. We focus exclusively on connecting and empowering the construction industry’s key stakeholders, such as owners, general contractors, specialty contractors, architects, and engineers, to collaborate and access our capabilities from any location, on any internet-connected device. Our platform is modernizing and digitizing construction management by enabling real-time access to critical project information, simplifying complex workflows, and facilitating seamless communication among key stakeholders, all of which we believe positions us to serve as the system of record for the construction industry. We are also continuing to develop other programs and services, such as our materials financing program, to address related challenges faced by the construction industry’s key stakeholders. Adoption of our products, services, and platform helps our customers increase productivity and efficiency, reduce rework and costly delays, improve safety and compliance, and enhance financial transparency and accountability.

In short, we build the software for the people that build the world.

We serve customers ranging from small businesses managing a few million dollars of annual construction volume to global enterprises managing billions of dollars of annual construction volume. Our core customers are owners, general contractors, and specialty contractors operating across the commercial, residential, industrial, and infrastructure segments of the construction industry. We primarily sell subscriptions to access our products through our direct sales team, which is specialized by stakeholder, region, size, and type.

Our products are offered on our cloud-based platform and are designed to be easy to configure and deploy. Our users can access our products on computers, smartphones, and tablets through any web browser or from our mobile application available for both the iOS and Android platforms.

We generate substantially all of our revenue from subscriptions to access our products and have an unlimited user model that is designed to facilitate adoption and maximize usage of our platform by all project stakeholders. We primarily sell our products on a subscription basis for a fixed fee with pricing generally based on the number and mix of products and the annual construction volume contracted to run on our platform. As our customers subscribe to additional products or increase the annual construction volume contracted to run on our platform, we generate more revenue. We do not provide refunds for unused construction volume, or charge customers based on consumption or on a per project basis. Subscriptions to access our products include customer support and allow for unlimited users as we do not charge a per-seat or per-user fee. Customers can invite all project participants to engage with our platform as part of a project team, including customers’ employees and collaborators, who are other project participants who engage with our platform but do not pay us for such use. Further, multiple stakeholders can be customers on the same project and retain access to project information for the duration of their subscription.

We are highly focused on continuing to acquire new customers to support our long-term growth. We intend to efficiently drive new customer acquisitions by continuing to invest across our sales and marketing engine to engage our prospective customers, increase brand awareness, and drive adoption of our products, services, and platform. The number of customers on our platform has increased from 12,809 as of March 31, 2022 to 15,089 as of March 31, 2023, including 189 customers from LaborChart, Inc. ("LaborChart") when it was integrated into the sales process in the third quarter of 2022, reflecting a year-over-year growth rate of 18%. All aforementioned customer counts exclude customers acquired from Express Lien, Inc. (d/b/a Levelset) ("Levelset") and Esticom, Inc. ("Esticom") that have not yet been renewed onto standard Procore annual contracts. Remaining Levelset and Esticom legacy customers will be included in our customer metrics once they are renewed onto standard Procore annual contracts or upon integration of the sales process.

Our ability to continue to grow our business and serve the broader needs of the construction industry depends on acquiring new customers, customers purchasing new products or signing up for new services, customers renewing and expanding their use of existing products and services, and maintaining or increasing the price of our existing products and services.

We plan to continue to invest in technology innovation and product development to enhance the capabilities of our platform. Additional features and products will also enable customers and collaborators to manage new workflows on our platform and allow us to attract a broader set of stakeholders. We have introduced new products and services developed in-house and through our acquisitions of Zimfly, Inc., Honest Buildings, Inc., Construction BI, LLC, Esticom, LaborChart, and Levelset.

In connection with our acquisition of Levelset, we assumed, and continue to develop, a materials financing program for our customers. Purchasers of construction materials, typically specialty contractors, generally pay their materials suppliers on 30-day payment terms but typically do not recoup their costs for such materials for 60 to 120 days after they submit invoices for those materials to the general contractors. This disconnect between payment terms set by suppliers and when specialty contractors receive payment for those materials can pose risk and uncertainty to specialty contractors and their ability to manage their cash flow. Our materials financing program facilitates the purchase of construction materials from fulfillment partners (our suppliers) on behalf of our customers, allowing such customers to pay us for the materials on deferred payment terms. We typically charge an origination fee upon purchase of the materials and a weekly finance charge until receipt of deferred payment in full. We use internal data where available on the performance and payment history of other project participants (like the property owner and general contractor) who are involved in the construction project to help determine whether to provide materials financing for a given project, and we secure such financing with mechanic’s lien rights. In circumstances of customer non-payment, our lien rights help enforce payment collections from property owners, lenders, and general contractors who are involved in such project, which in turn strengthens the collectability of amounts we finance for our customers. We are currently using capital from our balance sheet for our materials financing program. Ultimately, we anticipate partnering with a capital provider at the appropriate time to dedicate the financing needed to scale this program. Until that time, we may use up to approximately 10% of our current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities position to support the program.

We intend to continue to invest in building additional products, financial offerings, features, and functionality that expand our capabilities and facilitate the extension of our platform. For example, in March 2023, we launched Procore Risk Advisors, a modern construction brokerage that offers insurance and surety solutions. We also intend to continue to evaluate strategic acquisitions and investments in businesses and technologies to drive product and market expansion. Our future success is dependent on our ability to successfully develop or acquire, market, and sell existing and new products and services to both new and existing customers.

We see international expansion as a major, and largely greenfield, opportunity for growth as we look to capture a larger part of the worldwide construction market. We have started to grow our presence internationally with the opening of sales and marketing offices in Sydney, Australia and Vancouver and Toronto, Canada in 2017; London, England in 2018; Mexico City, Mexico in 2019; and Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Paris, France; Dublin, Ireland; and Dubai, United Arab Emirates ("UAE") in 2022. We have also developed focused sales and marketing efforts in Germany, where we do not maintain an office location. As a result of our international efforts, we support multiple languages and currencies. Non-U.S. revenue as a percentage of our total revenue was 14% as of March 31, 2023 and 15% as of March 31, 2022. We determine the percentage of non-U.S. revenue based on the billing location of each customer. Fluctuations in foreign currencies may positively or negatively impact the amount of revenue that we report for our foreign subsidiaries upon the translation of these amounts into U.S. dollars.

Furthermore, we believe global demand for our products, services, and platform will continue to increase as we expand our international sales and marketing efforts, and the awareness of our products, services, and platform grows. However, our ability to conduct our operations internationally will require considerable management attention and resources and is subject to the particular challenges of supporting a rapidly growing business in an environment of multiple languages, currencies, cultures, customs, legal, tax and regulatory systems, alternative dispute systems, and commercial markets. We have made, and plan to continue to make, significant investments in existing and select additional international markets. While these investments may adversely affect our operating results in the near term, we believe they will contribute to our long-term growth.

Macroeconomic factors such as rising inflation, rising interest rates, volatility in capital markets, bank failures, and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, may impact our operating expenses, customers’ spending, and cash flows. We do not currently believe that these macroeconomic factors have had a material impact on our business; however, as they develop, we continue to monitor the ways in which such factors may directly or indirectly impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition. See the section titled “Risk Factors” in Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion.

We generate substantially all of our revenue from subscriptions to access our products and related support. Subscriptions are sold for a fixed fee and revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription. Our subscriptions generally have annual or multi-year terms, are typically subject to renewal at the end of the subscription term, and are non-cancelable. To the extent we invoice our customers in advance of revenue recognition, we record deferred revenue. Consequently, a portion of the revenue that we report each period is attributable to the recognition of revenue previously deferred related to subscriptions that we entered into during previous periods.

Cost of revenue primarily consists of personnel-related compensation expenses for our customer support team, including salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation, payroll taxes, commissions, and bonuses. Cost of revenue also includes third-party hosting costs, software license fees, amortization of acquired technology intangible assets, amortization of capitalized software development costs related to our platform, and allocated overhead. We expect our cost of revenue to increase on an absolute dollar basis as our revenue and acquisition activities increase. We intend to continue to invest additional resources in platform hosting, customer support, and software development as we grow our business and to ensure that our customers are realizing the full benefit of our products. The level and timing of investment in these areas could affect our cost of revenue in the future.

Costs related to the development of internal-use software for new products and major platform enhancements are capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalized software development costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the developed software’s estimated useful life of two years and the amortization is recorded in cost of revenue.

Our operating expenses consist of sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses. For each of these categories of expense, personnel-related compensation expenses are the most significant component, which include salaries, stock-based compensation, commissions, benefits, payroll taxes, and bonuses. To support the growth of our business, we also increased our headcount in each of these categories.

Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of personnel-related compensation expenses for our sales and marketing organizations, advertising costs, marketing events, travel, trade shows and other marketing activities, amortization of acquired customer relationship intangible assets, contractor costs to supplement our staff levels, consulting services, and allocated overhead. We expense advertising and other promotional expenditures as incurred. We expect sales and marketing expenses to increase on an absolute dollar basis and vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue, as we increase our investment in sales and marketing efforts over the foreseeable future, primarily from increased headcount in sales and marketing as well as investment in marketing to drive customer growth.

Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel-related compensation expenses for our engineering, product, and design teams, contractor costs to supplement our staff levels, consulting services, amortization of certain acquired intangible assets used in research and development activities, and allocated overhead. We expect research and development expenses to increase on an absolute dollar basis and vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue for the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in headcount to build, enhance, maintain, and scale our products, services, and platform.

General and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel-related compensation expenses for our human resources, finance, information technology, legal, executive, and other administrative functions. Additionally, general and administrative expenses include non-personnel-related expenses, such as professional fees for audit, legal, tax, and other external consulting services; costs associated with operating as a public company, including insurance costs, professional services, investor relations, and other compliance costs; property and use taxes; licenses; travel and entertainment costs; and allocated overhead. We expect general and administrative expenses to increase on an absolute dollar basis and vary from period to period as a percentage of revenue, as we continue to increase the size of our general and administrative functions to support the growth of our business, including our international expansion.

Interest income consists primarily of interest income earned on our money market funds, marketable securities, and cash savings accounts.

Interest expense consists primarily of costs associated with our finance leases.

Accretion income, net consists of accretion of discounts, net of amortization of premiums, related to our available-for-sale marketable debt securities.

Other (expense) income, net primarily consists of gains or losses on foreign currency transactions, unrealized gains or losses on equity securities, and miscellaneous other income and expenses.

Provision for income taxes consists primarily of income taxes of U.S. state franchise taxes and certain foreign jurisdictions in which we conduct business. As we expand our international operations, we expect to incur increased foreign tax expenses. We have a full valuation allowance for net U.S. and United Kingdom ("U.K.") deferred tax assets. The U.S. valuation allowance includes net operating loss carryforwards ("NOL carryforwards") and tax credits related primarily to research and development for our operations in the U.S. The U.K. valuation allowance is primarily comprised of NOL carryforwards. We expect to maintain this full valuation allowance for our net U.S. and U.K. deferred tax assets for the foreseeable future.

The following tables set forth our condensed consolidated statements of operations data and such data as a percentage of revenue for each of the periods indicated. Certain percentages below may not sum due to rounding.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, accretion income, net increased by $1.6 million due to accretion income in excess of amortization of premiums as a result of our purchases of marketable securities, which began in the third quarter of 2022.

In addition to our results determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP" or "U.S. GAAP"), we believe certain non-GAAP measures, as described below, are useful in evaluating our operating performance. We use this non-GAAP financial information, collectively, to evaluate our ongoing operations as well as for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe that non-GAAP financial information, when taken collectively, is helpful to investors because it provides consistency and comparability with past financial performance, and may assist in comparisons with other companies, some of which use similar non-GAAP financial information to supplement their GAAP results.

The non-GAAP financial information is presented for supplemental informational purposes only. Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. There are limitations in using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, non-GAAP financial measures may be different from similarly-titled non-GAAP measures used by other companies since other companies may calculate such non-GAAP financial measures differently, and non-GAAP financial measures exclude expenses that may have a material impact on our reported financial results. The presentation of non-GAAP financial information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation is provided below for each non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with GAAP. Investors are encouraged to review the related GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. Investors should not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

We define these non-GAAP financial measures as the respective GAAP measures, excluding stock-based compensation expense, amortization of acquired intangible assets, employer payroll tax related to employee stock transactions, and acquisition-related expenses. Stock-based compensation expense includes the net effects of capitalization and amortization of stock-based compensation expense related to capitalized software and cloud-computing arrangement implementation costs. Stock-based compensation expense has been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense in our business and an important part of the compensation provided to our employees. Because of varying available valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions, and the variety of equity instruments that can impact a company’s non-cash expenses, we believe that providing non-GAAP financial measures that exclude stock-based compensation expense allow for meaningful comparisons between our operating results from period to period. The expense related to amortization of acquired intangible assets is dependent upon estimates and assumptions, which can vary significantly and are unique to each asset acquired; therefore, we believe that non-GAAP measures that adjust for the amortization of acquired intangible assets provide investors a consistent basis for comparison across accounting periods. The amount of employer payroll tax-related items on employee stock transactions is dependent on restricted stock unit settlements, option exercises, related stock price, and other factors that are beyond our control and that do not correlate to the operation of our business. When evaluating the performance of our business and making operating plans, we do not consider these items (for example, when considering the impact of equity award grants, we place a greater emphasis on overall stockholder dilution than the accounting charges associated with such grants). Acquisition-related expenses include external and incremental transaction costs, such as legal and due diligence costs, and retention payments. These expenses are unpredictable and generally would not have otherwise been incurred in the periods presented as part of our continuing operations. In addition, the size and complexity of an acquisition, which often drives the magnitude of acquisition-related expenses, may not be indicative of such future costs. We believe excluding acquisition-related expenses facilitates the comparison of our financial results to our historical operating results and to other companies in our industry. Overall, we believe it is useful to exclude these expenses in order to better understand the long-term performance of our core business and to facilitate comparison of our results period-over-period and to those of peer companies.

The following tables present reconciliations of our GAAP financial measures to our non-GAAP financial measures for the periods presented: