TriCo Bancshares 10Q 2023 Q3 Quarterly report

0000356171us-gaap:DepositAccountMember2022-07-012022-09-30

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

___________________

FORM 10-Q

___________________


☒			Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

for the quarterly period ended: September 30, 2023


☐			Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

for the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 000-10661

___________________

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

___________________


CA						94-2792841
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

63 Constitution Drive

Chico, California 95973

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)

(530) 898-0300

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading
Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange
on which registered

Common Stock

TCBK

The NASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

☒

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding for each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date:

Common stock, no par value: 33,268,102 shares outstanding as of November 3, 2023.

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TriCo Bancshares

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS AND TERMS

The following listing provides a comprehensive reference of common acronyms and terms used throughout the document:


ACL			Allowance for Credit Losses
AFS			Available-for-Sale
AOCI			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
ASC			Accounting Standards Codification
CARES			Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act
CDs			Certificates of Deposit
CDI			Core Deposit Intangible
CECL			Current Expected Credit Loss
COVID-19			Coronavirus Disease
CRE			Commercial Real Estate
DFPI			State Department of Financial Protection and Innovation
FASB			Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC			Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHLB			Federal Home Loan Bank
FOMC			Federal Open Market Committee
FRB			Federal Reserve Board
FTE			Fully taxable equivalent
GAAP			Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States of America)
HELOC			Home equity line of credit
HTM			Held-to-Maturity
I/O			Interest only
NPA			Nonperforming assets
OCI			Other Comprehensive Income
PCD			Purchase Credit Deteriorated
PPP			Paycheck Protection Program
PSU			Performance based restricted stock
ROUA			Right-of-Use Asset
RSU			Restricted Stock Unit
SBA			Small Business Administration
SERP			Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
SFR			Single Family Residence
SOFR			Secured Overnight Financial Rate
TDR			Troubled Debt Restructuring
VRB			Valley Republic Bancorp
XBRL			eXtensible Business Reporting Language

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

TRICO BANCSHARES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data; unaudited)


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	75,332	$	96,323
Cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	35,767		10,907
Cash and cash equivalents	111,099		107,230
Investment securities:
Marketable equity securities	2,517		2,598
Available for sale debt securities, at fair value (amortized cost of $2,509,623 and $2,742,987)	2,174,337		2,452,438
Held to maturity debt securities, at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses of $0	139,058		160,983
Restricted equity securities	17,250		17,250
Loans held for sale	644		1,846
Loans	6,708,666		6,450,447
Allowance for credit losses	(115,812)		(105,680)
Total loans, net	6,592,854		6,344,767
Premises and equipment, net	71,760		72,327
Cash value of life insurance	136,016		133,742
Accrued interest receivable	34,595		31,856
Goodwill	304,442		304,442
Other intangible assets, net	11,768		16,670
Operating leases, right-of-use	27,363		26,862
Other assets	273,303		257,975
Total assets	$	9,897,006	$	9,930,986
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	2,857,512	$	3,502,095
Interest-bearing	5,152,131		4,826,918
Total deposits	8,009,643		8,329,013
Accrued interest payable	6,688		1,167
Operating lease liability	29,527		29,004
Other liabilities	141,692		159,741
Other borrowings	537,975		264,605
Junior subordinated debt	101,080		101,040
Total liabilities	8,826,605		8,884,570
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, no par value: 1,000,000 shares authorized, zero issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	—		—
Common stock, no par value: 50,000,000 shares authorized; 33,263,324 and 33,331,513 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	696,369		697,448
Retained earnings	599,448		542,873
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(225,416)		(193,905)
Total shareholders’ equity	1,070,401		1,046,416
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	9,897,006	$	9,930,986

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRICO BANCSHARES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data; unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest and dividend income:
Loans, including fees	$	91,707	$	75,956	$	260,868	$	203,619
Investments:
Taxable securities	18,657		16,864		55,746		40,862
Tax exempt securities	1,350		1,468		3,920		3,733
Dividends	333		258		935		833
Interest bearing cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	333		1,820		976		3,469
Total interest and dividend income	112,380		96,366		322,445		252,516
Interest expense:
Deposits	17,379		992		33,981		2,519
Other borrowings	5,106		5		13,318		15
Junior subordinated debt	1,772		1,263		5,086		2,906
Total interest expense	24,257		2,260		52,385		5,440
Net interest income	88,123		94,106		270,060		247,076
Provision for credit losses	4,155		3,795		18,000		14,225
Net interest income after credit loss provision	83,968		90,311		252,060		232,851
Non-interest income:
Service charges and fees	13,075		12,682		37,240		37,422
Gain on sale of loans	382		357		883		2,145
Loss on sale of investment securities	—		—		(164)		—
Asset management and commission income	1,141		1,020		3,233		2,946
Increase in cash value of life insurance	684		659		2,274		2,049
Other	702		922		1,894		2,604
Total non-interest income	15,984		15,640		45,360		47,166
Non-interest expense:
Salaries and related benefits	34,463		33,528		101,740		96,495
Other	23,415		20,937		71,175		60,681
Total non-interest expense	57,878		54,465		172,915		157,176
Income before provision for income taxes	42,074		51,486		124,505		122,841
Provision for income taxes	11,484		14,148		33,190		33,765
Net income	$	30,590	$	37,338	$	91,315	$	89,076
Per share data:
Basic earnings per share	$	0.92	$	1.12	$	2.75	$	2.76
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.92	$	1.12	$	2.74	$	2.74
Dividends per share	$	0.30	$	0.30	$	0.90	$	0.80

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands; unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income	$	30,590	$	37,338	$	91,315	$	89,076
Other comprehensive income loss, net of tax:
Unrealized losses on available for sale securities arising during the period	(44,040)		(76,740)		(31,511)		(223,748)
Change in minimum pension liability	—		—		—		58

Other comprehensive loss	(44,040)		(76,740)		(31,511)		(223,690)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(13,450)	$	(39,402)	$	59,804	$	(134,614)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRICO BANCSHARES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share and per share data; unaudited)


	Shares of Common Stock	Common Stock		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at July 1, 2022	33,350,974	$	696,441	$	491,705	$	(145,969)	$	1,042,177
Net income				37,338				37,338
Other comprehensive loss						(76,740)		(76,740)
Stock options exercised	44,000	856						856
RSU vesting		746						746
PSU vesting		223						223
RSUs released	2,752							—
PSUs released	26,338							—

Repurchase of common stock	(91,875)	(1,918)		(2,340)				(4,258)
Dividends paid ($0.30 per share)				(10,004)				(10,004)
Three months ended September 30, 2022	33,332,189	$	696,348	$	516,699	$	(222,709)	$	990,338

Balance at July 1, 2023	33,259,260	$	695,305	$	578,852	$	(181,376)	$	1,092,781
Net income				30,590				30,590
Other comprehensive loss						(44,040)		(44,040)
Stock options exercised								—
RSU vesting		728						728
PSU vesting		355						355
RSUs released	5,061							—
PSUs released	—							—

Repurchase of common stock	(997)	(19)		(15)				(34)
Dividends paid ($0.30 per share)				(9,979)				(9,979)
Three months ended September 30, 2023	33,263,324	$	696,369	$	599,448	$	(225,416)	$	1,070,401

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	Shares of Common Stock	Common Stock		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total
Balance at January 1, 2022	29,730,424	532,244		466,959		981		1,000,184
Net income				89,076				89,076
Other comprehensive loss						(223,690)		(223,690)
Stock options exercised	59,325	1,112						1,112
RSU vesting		2,025						2,025
PSU vesting		686						686
RSUs released	48,234							—
PSUs released	26,338							—
Issuance of common stock	4,105,518	173,585						173,585
Repurchase of common stock	(637,650)	(13,304)		(13,540)				(26,844)
Dividends paid ($0.80 per share)				(25,796)				(25,796)
Nine months ended September 30, 2022	33,332,189	$	696,348	$	516,699	$	(222,709)	$	990,338

Balance at January 1, 2023	33,331,513	$	697,448	$	542,873	$	(193,905)	$	1,046,416
Net income				91,315				91,315
Other comprehensive loss						(31,511)		(31,511)
Stock options exercised	8,000	156						156
RSU vesting		2,082						2,082
PSU vesting		972						972
RSUs released	72,847							—
PSUs released	55,928							—
Repurchase of common stock	(204,964)	(4,289)		(4,819)				(9,108)
Dividends paid ($0.90 per share)				(29,921)				(29,921)
Nine months ended September 30, 2023	33,263,324	$	696,369	$	599,448	$	(225,416)	$	1,070,401

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRICO BANCSHARES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands; unaudited)


	For the nine months ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Operating activities:
Net income	$	91,315	$	89,076
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation of premises and equipment, and amortization	4,829		4,489
Amortization of intangible assets	4,902		4,632
Provision for credit losses on loans	16,415		13,645
Amortization of investment securities premium, net	433		6,564
Loss on sale of investment securities	164		—
Originations of loans for resale	(33,389)		(62,192)
Proceeds from sale of loans originated for resale	35,179		66,973
Gain on sale of loans	(883)		(2,145)
Change in market value of mortgage servicing rights	215		(443)
Provision for losses on foreclosed assets	679		113
Gain on transfer of loans to foreclosed assets	(114)		(224)
Gain on sale of foreclosed assets	(38)		(22)
Operating lease expense payments	(4,840)		(4,351)
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets	22		(1,069)
Increase in cash value of life insurance	(2,274)		(2,049)
Gain on life insurance death benefit	—		(309)
Loss on marketable equity securities	81		346
Equity compensation vesting expense	3,054		2,711
Change in:
Interest receivable	(2,739)		(4,384)
Interest payable	5,521		(601)
Amortization of operating lease ROUA	4,861		4,432
Other assets and liabilities, net	(21,016)		(7,201)
Net cash from operating activities	102,377		107,991
Investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities of securities available for sale	243,245		212,501
Proceeds from maturities of securities held to maturity	21,754		31,421
Proceeds from sale of available for sale securities	24,160		—
Purchases of securities available for sale	(34,468)		(699,035)
Loan origination and principal collections, net	(258,183)		(603,581)
Loans purchased	(6,423)		(21,292)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned	165		416
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment	—		6,689
Purchases of premises and equipment	(3,885)		(3,130)
Proceeds from conversion of life insurance	—		641
Cash acquired from VRB, net of cash consideration paid	—		426,883
Net cash used by investing activities	(13,635)		(648,487)
Financing activities:
Net change in deposits	(319,370)		73,131
Net change in other borrowings	273,370		(3,019)
Repurchase of common stock, including tax liability for net settlement of equity awards	(9,108)		(26,844)
Dividends paid	(29,921)		(25,796)

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Exercise of stock options	156		1,112
Net cash (used by) from financing activities	(84,873)		18,584
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	3,869		(521,912)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	107,230		768,421
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	111,099	$	246,509

Supplemental disclosure of noncash activities:
Unrealized losses on securities available for sale	$	(44,738)	$	(317,659)
Loans transferred to held-for-sale	—		12,044
Market value of shares tendered in-lieu of cash to pay for exercise of options and/or related taxes	2,134		2,444
Obligations incurred in conjunction with leased assets	4,311		4,609
Loans transferred to foreclosed assets	105		1,131
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow activity:
Cash paid for interest expense	$	46,864	$	5,515
Cash paid for income taxes	39,800		36,000
Business combination (1)

(1) During the period ended March 31, 2022, the VRB acquisition included fair value tangible assets acquired of $1.37 billion, liabilities assumed of $1.28 billion, resulting in goodwill of $0.09 billion.

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

TriCo Bancshares (the “Company” or “we”) is a California corporation organized to act as a bank holding company for Tri Counties Bank (the “Bank”). The Company and the Bank are headquartered in Chico, California. The Bank is a California-chartered bank that is engaged in the general commercial banking business in 31 California counties. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting policies generally accepted in the United States of America and general practices in the banking industry. All adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. The financial statements include the accounts of the Company. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company has five capital subsidiary business trusts (collectively, the “Capital Trusts”) that issued trust preferred securities, including two organized by the Company and three acquired with the acquisition of North Valley Bancorp. For financial reporting purposes, the Company’s investments in the Capital Trusts of $1.8 million are accounted for under the equity method and, accordingly, are not consolidated and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. See the footnote 'Junior Subordinated Debt' for additional information on borrowings outstanding.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report”). The Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading.

Segment and Significant Group Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company grants agribusiness, commercial, consumer, and residential loans to customers located throughout California. The Company has a diversified loan portfolio within the business segments located in this diverse geographical diverse area. The Company currently classifies all its operation into one business segment that it denotes as community banking.

Geographical Descriptions

For the purpose of describing the geographical location of the Company’s operations, the Company has defined northern California as that area of California north of, and including, Stockton to the east and San Jose to the west; central California as that area of the state south of Stockton and San Jose, to and including, Bakersfield to the east and San Luis Obispo to the west; and southern California as that area of the state south of Bakersfield and San Luis Obispo.

Reclassification

Some items in the prior year consolidated financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on prior year net income or shareholders’ equity.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Net cash flows are reported for loan and deposit transactions and other borrowings. For purposes of the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash, due from banks with original maturities less than 90 days, interest-earning deposits in other banks, and Federal funds sold are considered to be cash equivalents.

Allowance for Credit Losses - Securities

The Company measures expected credit losses on HTM debt securities on a collective basis by major security type, then further disaggregated by sector and bond rating. Accrued interest receivable on HTM debt securities was considered insignificant at September 30, 2023 and is therefore excluded from the estimate of credit losses. The estimate of expected credit losses considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts based on current and expected changes in credit ratings and default rates. Based on the implied guarantees of the U. S. Government or its agencies related to certain of these investment securities, and the absence of any historical or expected losses, substantially all qualify for a zero loss assumption.

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Management has separately evaluated its HTM investment securities from obligations of state and political subdivisions utilizing the historical loss data represented by similar securities over a period of time spanning nearly 50 years. As a result of this evaluation, management determined that the expected credit losses associated with these securities is not significant for financial reporting purposes and therefore, no allowance for credit losses has been recognized.

The Company evaluates AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position to determine whether the decline in the fair value below the amortized cost basis (impairment) is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. Any impairment that is not credit related is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. Credit-related impairment is recognized as an allowance for credit losses on the balance sheet, limited to the amount by which the amortized cost basis exceeds the fair value, with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. Both the allowance for credit losses and the adjustment to net income may be reversed if conditions change. However, if the Company intends to sell an impaired available for sale debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell such a security before recovering its amortized cost basis, the entire impairment amount is recognized in earnings with a corresponding adjustment to the security's amortized cost basis. In evaluating available for sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions for impairment and the criteria regarding its intent or requirement to sell such securities, the Company considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuers' financial condition, among other factors. Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as provision for (or reversal of) credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the ACL when management believes the uncollectability of an available for sale debt security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. No security credit losses were recognized during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Loans

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold until maturity or payoff are reported at principle amount outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs. Loans are placed in nonaccrual status when reasonable doubt exists as to the full, timely collection of interest or principal, or a loan becomes contractually past due by 90 days or more with respect to interest or principal and is not well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against interest income. Income on such loans is then recognized only to the extent that cash is received and where the future collection of principal is considered probable. Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when they are brought fully current with respect to interest and principal and when, in the judgment of Management, the loan is estimated to be fully collectible as to both principal and interest. Accrued interest receivable is not included in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses.

Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans

The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the loan's amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans. Loans are charged-off against the allowance when management believes the recorded loan balance is confirmed as uncollectible. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off. Regardless of the determination that a charge-off is appropriate for financial accounting purposes, the Company manages its loan portfolio by continually monitoring, where possible, a borrower's ability to pay through the collection of financial information, delinquency status, borrower discussion and the encouragement to repay in accordance with the original contract or modified terms, if appropriate.

Management estimates the allowance balance using relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses, which captures loan balances as of a point in time to form a cohort, then tracks the respective losses generated by that cohort of loans over the remaining life. The Company identified and accumulated loan cohort historical loss data beginning with the fourth quarter of 2008 and through the current period. In situations where the Company's actual loss history was not statistically relevant, the loss history of peers, defined as financial institutions with assets greater than three billion and less than ten billion, were utilized to create a minimum loss rate. Adjustments to historical loss information are made for differences in relevant current loan-specific risk characteristics, such as historical timing of losses relative to the loan origination. In its loss forecasting framework, the Company incorporates forward-looking information through the use of macroeconomic scenarios applied over the forecasted life of the assets. These macroeconomic scenarios incorporate variables that have historically been key drivers of increases and decreases in credit losses. These variables include, but are not limited to changes in environmental conditions, such as California unemployment rates, household debt levels, changes in corporate debt yields, and U.S. gross domestic product.

PCD assets are assets acquired at a discount that is due, in part, to credit quality deterioration since origination. PCD assets are accounted for in accordance with ASC 326-20 and are initially recorded at fair value, by taking the sum of the present value of expected future cash flows and an allowance for credit losses, at acquisition. The allowance for credit losses for PCD assets is recorded through a gross-up of reserves on the balance sheet, while the allowance for acquired non-PCD assets, such as loans, is recorded through the provision for credit losses on the income statement, consistent with originated loans. Subsequent to acquisition, the allowance for credit losses for PCD loans will generally follow the same forward-looking estimation, provision, and charge-off process as non-PCD acquired and originated loans.

The Company has identified the following portfolio segments to evaluate and measure the allowance for credit loss:

Commercial real estate:

Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied: These commercial properties typically consist of buildings which are leased to others for their use and rely on rents as the primary source of repayment. Property types are predominantly office, retail, or light industrial but the portfolio also has some special use properties. As such, the risk of loss associated with these properties is primarily driven by general

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economic changes or changes in regional economies and the impact of such on a tenant’s ability to pay. Ultimately this can affect occupancy, rental rates, or both. Additional risk of loss can come from new construction resulting in oversupply, the costs to hold or operate the property, or changes in interest rates. The terms on these loans at origination typically have maturities from five to ten years with amortization periods from fifteen to thirty years.

Commercial real estate - Owner occupied: These credits are primarily susceptible to changes in the financial condition of the business operated by the property owner. This may be driven by changes in, among other things, industry challenges, factors unique to the operating geography of the borrower, change in the individual fortunes of the business owner, general economic conditions and changes in business cycles. When default is driven by issues related specifically to the business owner, collateral values tend to provide better repayment support and may result in little or no loss. Alternatively, when default is driven more by general economic conditions, the underlying collateral may have devalued more and thus result in larger losses in the event of default. The terms on these loans at origination typically have maturities from five to ten years with amortization periods from fifteen to thirty years.

Multifamily: These commercial properties are generally comprised of more than four rentable units, such as apartment buildings, with each unit intended to be occupied as the primary residence for one or more persons. Multifamily properties are also subject to changes in general or regional economic conditions, such as unemployment, ultimately resulting in increased vacancy rates or reduced rents or both. In addition, new construction can create an oversupply condition and market competition resulting in increased vacancy, reduced market rents, or both. Due to the nature of their use and the greater likelihood of tenant turnover, the management of these properties is more intensive and therefore is more critical to the preclusion of loss.

Farmland: While the Company has few loans that were originated for the purpose of the acquisition of these commercial properties, loans secured by farmland represent unique risks that are associated with the operation of an agricultural businesses. The valuation of farmland can vary greatly over time based on the property's access to resources including but not limited to water, crop prices, foreign exchange rates, government regulation or restrictions, and the nature of ongoing capital investment needed to maintain the quality of the property. Loans secured by farmland typically represent less risk to the Company than other agriculture loans as the real estate typically provides greater support in the event of default or need for longer term repayment.

Consumer loans:

SFR 1-4 1st DT Liens: The most significant drivers of potential loss within the Company's residential real estate portfolio relate general, regional, or individual changes in economic conditions and their effect on employment and borrowers cash flow. Risk in this portfolio is best measured by changes in borrower credit score and loan-to-value. Loss estimates are based on the general movement in credit score, economic outlook and its effects on employment and the value of homes and the Bank’s historical loss experience adjusted to reflect the economic outlook and the unemployment rate.

SFR HELOCs and Junior Liens: Similar to residential real estate term loans, HELOCs and junior liens performance is also primarily driven by borrower cash flows based on employment status. However, HELOCs carry additional risks associated with the fact that most of these loans are secured by a deed of trust in a position that is junior to the primary lien holder. Furthermore, the risk that as the borrower's financial strength deteriorates, the outstanding balance on these credit lines may increase as they may only be canceled by the Company if certain limited criteria are met. In addition to the allowance for credit losses maintained as a percent of the outstanding loan balance, the Company maintains additional reserves for the unfunded portion of the HELOC.

Other: The majority of consumer loans are secured by automobiles, with the remainder primarily unsecured revolving debt (credit cards). These loans are susceptible to three primary risks; non-payment due to income loss, over-extension of credit and, when the borrower is unable to pay, shortfall in collateral value, if any. Typically non-payment is due to loss of job and will follow general economic trends in the marketplace driven primarily by rises in the unemployment rate. Loss of collateral value can be due to market demand shifts, damage to collateral itself or a combination of those factors. Credit card loans are unsecured and while collection efforts are pursued in the event of default, there is typically limited opportunity for recovery. Loss estimates are based on the general movement in credit score, economic outlook and its effects on employment and the Bank’s historical loss experience adjusted to reflect the economic outlook and the unemployment rate.

Commercial and Industrial:

Repayment of these loans is primarily based on the cash flow of the borrower, and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. A borrower's cash flow may be unpredictable, and collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most often, collateral includes accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Collateral securing these loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise, may be illiquid and may fluctuate in value based on the success of the business. Actual and forecast changes in gross domestic product are believed to be corollary to losses associated with these credits.

Construction:

While secured by real estate, construction loans represent a greater level of risk than term real estate loans due to the nature of the additional risks associated with the not only the completion of construction within an estimated time period and budget, but also the need to either sell the building or reach a level of stabilized occupancy sufficient to generate the cash flows necessary to support debt service and operating costs. The Company seeks to mitigate the additional risks associated with construction lending by requiring borrowers to comply with lower loan to value ratios and additional covenants as well as strong tertiary support of guarantors. The loss forecasting model applies the historical rate of loss for similar loans over the expected life of the asset as adjusted for macroeconomic factors.

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Agriculture Production:

Repayment of agricultural loans is dependent upon successful operation of the agricultural business, which is greatly impacted by factors outside the control of the borrower. These factors include adverse weather conditions, including access to water, that may impact crop yields, loss of livestock due to disease or other factors, declines in market prices for agriculture products, changes in foreign exchange, and the impact of government regulations. In addition, many farms are dependent on a limited number of key individuals whose injury or death may significantly affect the successful operation of the business. Consequently, agricultural production loans may involve a greater degree of risk than other types of loans.

Leases:

The loss forecasting model applies the historical rate of loss for similar loans over the expected life of the asset. Leases typically represent an elevated level of credit risk as compared to loans secured by real estate as the collateral for leases is often subject to a more rapid rate of depreciation or depletion. The ultimate severity of loss is impacted by the type of collateral securing the exposure, the size of the exposure, the borrower’s industry sector, any guarantors and the geographic market. Assumptions of expected loss are conditioned to the economic outlook and the other variables discussed above.

Unfunded commitments:

The estimated credit losses associated with these unfunded lending commitments is calculated using the same models and methodologies noted above and incorporate utilization assumptions at time of default. The reserve for unfunded commitments is maintained on the consolidated balance sheet in other liabilities.

Accounting Standards Recently Issued or Adopted

FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. This ASU was issued to incorporate 14 of the 27 simplification disclosures released by the SEC which overlapped with existing, but required incremental information to, GAAP to the FASB for incorporation into the Codification. The timing of these amendments will coincide with the effective dates of changes by the SEC in Regulations S-X or S-K. The adoption of this accounting guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

FASB issued ASU 2023-02, Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method. This ASU permits reporting entities to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. This ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023. The adoption of this accounting guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 2 - Business Combinations

On March 25, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of Valley Republic Bancorp, including the merger of Valley Republic Bank into Tri Counties Bank, with Tri Counties Bank as the surviving entity, in accordance with the terms of the merger agreement dated as of July 27, 2021. The cash and stock transaction was valued at approximately $174.0 million in aggregate, based on TriCo's closing stock price of $42.48 on March 25, 2022. Under the terms of the merger agreement, the Company issued approximately 4.1 million shares, in addition to approximately $0.4 million in cash paid out for settlement of stock option awards at VRB.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for VRB and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed that were recorded at the acquisition date (in thousands):

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	Fair Value as of March 25, 2022
Fair value of consideration transferred:
Fair value of shares issued	$	173,585
Cash consideration	431
Total fair value of consideration transferred	174,016
Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	427,314
Securities available for sale	109,716

Loans and leases	771,353
Premises and equipment	4,658
Cash value of life insurance	13,609
Core deposit intangible	10,635
Other assets	29,744
Total assets acquired	1,367,029
Liabilities assumed:
Deposits	(1,215,479)
Subordinated debt	(47,236)
SERP liability	(3,352)
Other liabilities	(10,516)
Total liabilities assumed	(1,276,583)
Total net assets acquired	90,446
Goodwill recognized	$	83,570

Note 3 - Investment Securities

The amortized cost, estimated fair values and allowance for credit losses of investments in debt securities are summarized in the following tables:


	September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Allowance for Credit Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Debt Securities Available for Sale
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	1,443,038	$	—	$	(235,866)	$	—	$	1,207,172
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	307,291		24		(48,646)		—		258,669
Corporate bonds	6,170		—		(665)		—		5,505
Asset backed securities	375,068		391		(5,730)		—		369,729
Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations	378,056		—		(44,794)		—		333,262
Total debt securities available for sale	$	2,509,623	$	415	$	(335,701)	$	—	$	2,174,337
Debt Securities Held to Maturity
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	136,398	$	—	$	(14,824)	—		121,574
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	2,660		—		(176)		—		2,484
Total debt securities held to maturity	$	139,058	$	—	$	(15,000)	$	—	$	124,058

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	December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Allowance for Credit Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Debt Securities Available for Sale
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	1,568,408	$	3	$	(195,642)	$	—	$	1,372,769
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	332,625		401		(39,821)		—		293,205
Corporate bonds	6,164		—		(413)		—		5,751
Asset backed securities	454,943		17		(15,193)		—		439,767
Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations	380,847		—		(39,901)		—		340,946
Total debt securities available for sale	$	2,742,987	$	421	$	(290,970)	$	—	$	2,452,438
Debt Securities Held to Maturity
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	154,830	$	2	$	(11,013)	$	—	$	143,819
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	6,153		13		(47)		—		6,119
Total debt securities held to maturity	$	160,983	$	15	$	(11,060)	$	—	$	149,938

There were no proceeds from sale of investment securing during the three months ended September 30, 2023. Proceeds from the sale of investment securities totaled $24.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, resulting in gross realized losses of $0.2 million. There were no sales of investment securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Investment securities with an aggregate carrying value of $585.0 million and $595.8 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were pledged as collateral for specific borrowings, lines of credit or local agency deposits.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at September 30, 2023 by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. At September 30, 2023, obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies with a cost basis totaling $1.4 billion consist almost entirely of residential real estate mortgage-backed securities whose contractual maturity, or principal repayment, will follow the repayment of the underlying mortgages. For purposes of the following table, the entire outstanding balance of these mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government corporations and agencies is categorized based on final maturity date. At September 30, 2023, the Company estimates the average remaining life of these mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government corporations and agencies to be approximately 6.77 years. Average remaining life is defined as the time span after which the principal balance has been reduced by half.

As of September 30, 2023, the contractual final maturity for available for sale and held to maturity investment securities is as follows:


Debt Securities	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value

Due in one year	$	86,722	$	84,609	$	—	$	—
Due after one year through five years	62,069		58,068		6,302		6,015
Due after five years through ten years	398,920		377,030		80,279		71,376
Due after ten years	1,961,912		1,654,630		52,477		46,667
Totals	$	2,509,623	$	2,174,337	$	139,058	$	124,058

Gross unrealized losses on debt securities and the fair value of the related securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, were as follows:

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September 30, 2023:	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Debt Securities Available for Sale
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	413	$	(14)	$	1,206,736	$	(235,852)	$	1,207,149	$	(235,866)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	46,600		(2,674)		207,415		(45,972)		254,015		(48,646)
Corporate bonds	—		—		5,505		(665)		5,505		(665)
Asset backed securities	—		—		309,126		(5,730)		309,126		(5,730)
Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations	44,591		(1,236)		288,671		(43,558)		333,262		(44,794)
Total debt securities available for sale	$	91,604	$	(3,924)	$	2,017,453	$	(331,777)	$	2,109,057	$	(335,701)
Debt Securities Held to Maturity
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	233	$	(2)	$	121,340	$	(14,822)	$	121,573	$	(14,824)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	1,547		(59)		938		(117)		2,485		(176)
Total debt securities held to maturity	$	1,780	$	(61)	$	122,278	$	(14,939)	$	124,058	$	(15,000)


December 31, 2022:	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Debt Securities Available for Sale
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	605,615	$	(61,408)	$	766,612	$	(134,234)	$	1,372,227	$	(195,642)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	219,532		(26,904)		43,282		(12,917)		262,814		(39,821)
Corporate bonds	5,751		(413)		—		—		5,751		(413)
Asset backed securities	231,703		(4,955)		205,329		(10,238)		437,032		(15,193)
Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations	123,075		(3,421)		203,620		(36,480)		326,695		(39,901)
Total debt securities available for sale	$	1,185,676	(97,101)		$	1,218,843	$	(193,869)	$	2,404,519	$	(290,970)
Debt Securities Held to Maturity
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	143,577	$	(11,013)	$	—	$	—	$	143,577	$	(11,013)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	4,530		(47)		—		—		4,530		(47)
Total debt securities held to maturity	$	148,107	$	(11,060)	$	—	$	—	$	148,107	$	(11,060)

Obligations of U.S. government agencies: The unrealized losses on investments in obligations of U.S. government agencies are caused by interest rate increases and illiquidity. The contractual cash flows of these securities are guaranteed by U.S. Government Sponsored Entities (principally Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac). It is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because management believes the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell and more likely than not will not be required to sell, there is no impairment on these securities and there has been no allowance for credit losses recorded. At September 30, 2023, 263 debt securities representing obligations of U.S. government agencies had unrealized losses with aggregate depreciation of 15.87% from the Company’s amortized cost basis.

Obligations of states and political subdivisions: The unrealized losses on investments in obligations of states and political subdivisions were caused by increases in required yields by investors in these types of securities. It is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because management believes the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell and more likely than not will not be required to sell, there is no impairment on these securities and there has been no allowance for credit losses recorded as of September 30, 2023. At September 30, 2023, 184 debt securities representing obligations of states and political subdivisions had unrealized losses with aggregate depreciation of 15.99% from the Company’s amortized cost basis.

Corporate bonds: The unrealized losses on investments in corporate bonds were caused by increases in required yields by investors in these types of securities. It is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because management believes the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell and more likely than not will not be required to sell, there is no impairment on these securities and there has been no allowance for credit losses recorded as of September 30, 2023. At September 30, 2023, 6 debt securities representing corporate bonds had unrealized losses with aggregate depreciation of 10.78% from the Company’s amortized cost basis.

Asset backed securities: The unrealized losses on investments in asset backed securities were caused by increases in required yields by investors for these types of securities. At the time of purchase, each of these securities was rated AA or AAA and through September 30,

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2023 has not experienced any deterioration in credit rating. At September 30, 2023, 40 asset backed securities had unrealized losses with aggregate depreciation of 1.82% from the Company’s amortized cost basis. The Company continues to monitor these securities for changes in credit rating or other indications of credit deterioration. Because management believes the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell and more likely than not will not be required to sell, there is no impairment on these securities and there has been no allowance for credit losses recorded as of September 30, 2023.

Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations: The unrealized losses on investments in non-agency collateralized mortgage obligation securities were caused by increases in required yields by investors in these types of securities. It is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because management believes the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell and more likely than not will not be required to sell, there is no impairment on these securities and there has been no allowance for credit losses as of and for the year ended September 30, 2023. At September 30, 2023, 24 non-agency collateralized mortgage obligation securities had unrealized losses with aggregate depreciation of 11.85% from the Company’s amortized cost basis.

The Company monitors credit quality of debt securities held-to-maturity through the use of credit rating. The Company monitors the credit rating on a monthly basis. The following table summarizes the amortized cost of debt securities held-to-maturity at the dates indicated, aggregated by credit quality indicator:


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	AAA/AA/A		BBB/BB/B		AAA/AA/A		BBB/BB/B
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	136,398	$	—	$	154,830	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	2,660		—		6,153		—
Total debt securities held to maturity	$	139,058	$	—	$	160,983	$	—

Note 4 – Loans

A summary of loan balances at amortized cost are as follows:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	2,171,422	$	2,149,725
CRE owner occupied	958,054		984,807
Multifamily	959,361		944,537
Farmland	278,608		280,014
Total commercial real estate loans	4,367,445		4,359,083
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	870,209		790,349
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	352,798		393,666
Other	65,803		56,728
Total consumer loans	1,288,810		1,240,743
Commercial and industrial	599,757		569,921
Construction	320,963		211,560
Agriculture production	123,472		61,414
Leases	8,219		7,726
Total loans, net of deferred loan fees and discounts	$	6,708,666	$	6,450,447
Total principal balance of loans owed, net of charge-offs	$	6,751,438	$	6,496,210
Unamortized net deferred loan fees	(16,674)		(15,275)
Discounts to principal balance of loans owed, net of charge-offs	(26,098)		(30,488)
Total loans, net of unamortized deferred loan fees and discounts	$	6,708,666	$	6,450,447
Allowance for credit losses on loans	$	(115,812)	$	(105,680)

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Note 5 – Allowance for Credit Losses

For the periods indicated, the following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans which is recorded as a contra asset, and the reserve for unfunded commitments which is recorded on the balance sheet within other liabilities:


	Allowance for credit losses – Three months ended September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	33,042	$	—	$	—	$	681	$	33,723
CRE owner occupied	20,208		(3,608)		—		(2,097)		14,503
Multifamily	14,075		—		—		164		14,239
Farmland	3,691		—		—		519		4,210
Total commercial real estate loans	71,016		(3,608)		—		(733)		66,675
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	13,134		—		262		139		13,535
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	10,608		—		314		(759)		10,163
Other	2,771		(133)		52		230		2,920
Total consumer loans	26,513		(133)		628		(390)		26,618
Commercial and industrial	11,647		(1,616)		91		2,168		12,290
Construction	7,031		—		—		1,066		8,097
Agriculture production	1,105		—		1		1,019		2,125
Leases	17		—		—		(10)		7
Allowance for credit losses on loans	117,329		(5,357)		720		3,120		115,812
Reserve for unfunded commitments	4,865		—		—		1,035		5,900
Total	$	122,194	$	(5,357)	$	720	$	4,155	$	121,712


	Allowance for credit losses – Nine months ended September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	30,962	$	—	$	—	$	2,761	$	33,723
CRE owner occupied	14,014		(3,608)		1		4,096		14,503
Multifamily	13,132		—		—		1,107		14,239
Farmland	3,273		—		—		937		4,210
Total commercial real estate loans	61,381		(3,608)		1		8,901		66,675
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	11,268		—		262		2,005		13,535
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	11,413		(42)		416		(1,624)		10,163
Other	1,958		(438)		129		1,271		2,920
Total consumer loans	24,639		(480)		807		1,652		26,618
Commercial and industrial	13,597		(3,303)		267		1,729		12,290
Construction	5,142		—		—		2,955		8,097
Agriculture production	906		—		33		1,186		2,125
Leases	15		—		—		(8)		7
Allowance for credit losses on loans	105,680		(7,391)		1,108		16,415		115,812
Reserve for unfunded commitments	4,315		—		—		1,585		5,900
Total	$	109,995	$	(7,391)	$	1,108	$	18,000	$	121,712

In determining the allowance for credit losses, accruing loans with similar risk characteristics are generally evaluated collectively. To estimate expected losses the Company generally utilizes historical loss trends and the remaining contractual lives of the loan portfolios to determine estimated credit losses through a reasonable and supportable forecast period. Individual loan credit quality indicators including loan grade and borrower repayment performance have been statistically correlated with historical credit losses and various econometrics, including California unemployment, gross domestic product, and corporate bond yields. Model forecasts may be adjusted for inherent

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limitations or biases that have been identified through independent validation and back-testing of model performance to actual realized results.

The Company utilizes a forecast period of approximately eight quarters and obtains the forecast data from publicly available sources as of the balance sheet date. This forecast data continues to evolve and includes improving shifts in the magnitude of changes for both the unemployment and GDP factors leading up to the balance sheet date, particularly CA unemployment trends. Despite continued declines on a year over year comparative basis, core inflation remains elevated from wage pressures, and higher living costs such as housing and food prices. Management notes the rapid intervals of rate increases by the Federal Reserve and flattening or inversion of the yield curve, have formed expectations of the US entering a recession within 12 months. As a result, management continues to believe that certain credit weaknesses are likely present in the overall economy and that it is appropriate to cautiously maintain a reserve level that incorporates such risk factors.

Purchased loans and leases that reflect a more-than-insignificant deterioration of credit from origination are considered PCD. For PCD loans and leases, the initial estimate of expected credit losses is recognized in the ACL on the date of acquisition using the same methodology as other loans and leases held-for-investment. The following table provides a summary of loans and leases purchased as part of the VRB acquisition with credit deterioration at acquisition:


	As of March 25, 2022
(in thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial and Industrial		Construction		Agriculture Production		Total
Par value	$	27,237	$	3,877	$	2,674	$	25,645	$	9,080	$	68,513
ACL at acquisition	(1,573)		(144)		(81)		(201)		(38)		(2,037)
Non-credit discount	(2,305)		(360)		(47)		(232)		(12)		(2,956)
Purchase price	$	23,359	$	3,373	$	2,546	$	25,212	$	9,030	$	63,520


	Allowance for credit losses – Year ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		ACL of PCD Loans		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	25,739	$	746	$	—	$	1	$	4,476	$	30,962
CRE owner occupied	10,691		63		—		2		3,258		14,014
Multifamily	12,395		—		—		—		737		13,132
Farmland	2,315		764		(294)		—		488		3,273
Total commercial real estate loans	51,140		1,573		(294)		3		8,959		61,381
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	10,723		144		—		79		322		11,268
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	10,510		—		(22)		429		496		11,413
Other	2,241		—		(572)		235		54		1,958
Total consumer loans	23,474		144		(594)		743		872		24,639
Commercial and industrial	3,862		81		(697)		1,157		9,194		13,597
Construction	5,667		201		—		—		(726)		5,142
Agriculture production	1,215		38		—		4		(351)		906
Leases	18		—		—		—		(3)		15
Allowance for credit losses on loans	85,376		2,037		(1,585)		1,907		17,945		105,680
Reserve for unfunded commitments	3,790		—		—		—		525		4,315
Total	$	89,166	$	2,037	$	(1,585)	$	1,907	$	18,470	$	109,995

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	Allowance for credit losses – Three months ended September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	28,081	$	—	$	1	$	1,162	$	29,244
CRE owner occupied	12,620		—		1		904		13,525
Multifamily	11,795		—		—		954		12,749
Farmland	2,954		—		—		168		3,122
Total commercial real estate loans	55,450		—		2		3,188		58,640
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	10,311		—		38		322		10,671
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	11,591		—		98		(306)		11,383
Other	2,029		(185)		53		(19)		1,878
Total consumer loans	23,931		(185)		189		(3)		23,932
Commercial and industrial	9,979		(82)		119		384		10,400
Construction	7,522		—		—		(1,390)		6,132
Agriculture production	1,046		—		1		1,321		2,368
Leases	16		—		—		—		16
Allowance for credit losses on loans	97,944		(267)		311		3,500		101,488
Reserve for unfunded commitments	4,075		—		—		295		4,370
Total	$	102,019	$	(267)	$	311	$	3,795	$	105,858


	Allowance for credit losses – Nine months ended September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Adoption of CECL		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision (benefit)		Ending Balance
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	25,739	$	746	$	—	$	1	$	2,758	$	29,244
CRE owner occupied	10,691		63		—		2		2,769		13,525
Multifamily	12,395		—		—		—		354		12,749
Farmland	2,315		764		(294)		—		337		3,122
Total commercial real estate loans	51,140		1,573		(294)		3		6,218		58,640
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	10,723		144		—		79		(275)		10,671
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	10,510		—		—		426		447		11,383
Other	2,241		—		(470)		200		(93)		1,878
Total consumer loans	23,474		144		(470)		705		79		23,932
Commercial and industrial	3,862		81		(647)		1,130		5,974		10,400
Construction	5,667		201		—		—		264		6,132
Agriculture production	1,215		38		—		3		1,112		2,368
Leases	18		—		—		—		(2)		16
Allowance for credit losses on loans	85,376		2,037		(1,411)		1,841		13,645		101,488
Reserve for unfunded commitments	3,790		—		—		—		580		4,370
Total	$	89,166	$	2,037	$	(1,411)	$	1,841	$	14,225	$	105,858

As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including, but not limited to, trends relating to (i) the level of criticized and classified loans, (ii) net charge-offs, (iii) non-performing loans, and (iv) delinquency within the portfolio. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk and grading. This analysis is performed annually for all outstanding balances greater than $1 million and non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial real estate loans, unless other indicators, such as delinquency, trigger more frequent evaluation. Loans below the $1 million threshold and homogenous in nature are evaluated as needed for proper grading based on delinquency and borrower credit scores.

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The Company utilizes a risk grading system to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. Loans are graded on a scale ranging from Pass to Loss. A description of the general characteristics of the risk grades is as follows:

•Pass – This grade represents loans ranging from acceptable to very little or no credit risk. These loans typically meet most if not all policy standards in regard to: loan amount as a percentage of collateral value, debt service coverage, profitability, leverage, and working capital.

•Special Mention – This grade represents “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” in accordance with regulatory guidelines and includes loans that display some potential weaknesses which, if left unaddressed, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or may inadequately protect the Company’s position in the future. These loans warrant more than normal supervision and attention.

•Substandard – This grade represents “Substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Loans within this rating typically exhibit weaknesses that are well defined to the point that repayment is jeopardized. Loss potential is, however, not necessarily evident. The underlying collateral supporting the credit appears to have sufficient value to protect the Company from loss of principal and accrued interest, or the loan has been written down to the point where this is true. There is a definite need for a well-defined workout/rehabilitation program.

•Doubtful – This grade represents “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. An asset classified as Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in a loan classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and financing plans.

•Loss – This grade represents “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that its continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though some recovery may be affected in the future. The portion of the loan that is graded loss should be charged off no later than the end of the quarter in which the loss is identified.

Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows for the period indicated:


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	115,862	$	416,733	$	285,875	$	138,751	$	221,819	$	820,605	$	118,512	$	—	$	2,118,157
Special Mention	—		—		7,412		5,366		17,329		4,460		1,348		—		35,915
Substandard	—		—		767		—		2,371		14,000		212		—		17,350
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	115,862	$	416,733	$	294,054	$	144,117	$	241,519	$	839,065	$	120,072	$	—	$	2,171,422
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—




Commercial real estate:
CRE owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	64,781	$	189,041	$	194,280	$	120,636	$	60,562	$	282,391	$	27,536	$	—	$	939,227
Special Mention	—		838		4,417		2,783		710		2,486		—		—		11,234
Substandard	—		3,012		3,546		—		112		843		80		—		7,593
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	64,781	$	192,891	$	202,243	$	123,419	$	61,384	$	285,720	$	27,616	$	—	$	958,054
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,380	$	—	$	2,228	$	—	$	—	$	3,608

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	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial real estate:
Multifamily risk ratings
Pass	$	21,860	$	178,946	$	279,961	$	89,658	$	106,982	$	232,474	$	37,569	$	—	$	947,450
Special Mention	—		—		11,911		—		—		—		—		—		11,911
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	21,860	$	178,946	$	291,872	$	89,658	$	106,982	$	232,474	$	37,569	$	—	$	959,361
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Commercial real estate:
Farmland risk ratings
Pass	$	17,998	$	46,403	$	43,434	$	16,139	$	17,007	$	44,792	$	53,072	$	—	$	238,845
Special Mention	—		3,119		—		391		261		759		163		—		4,693
Substandard	101		—		9,058		—		4,928		13,863		7,120		—		35,070
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	18,099	$	49,522	$	52,492	$	16,530	$	22,196	$	59,414	$	60,355	$	—	$	278,608
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Consumer loans:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens risk ratings
Pass	$	108,061	$	191,360	$	263,602	$	125,005	$	31,255	$	133,233	$	—	$	4,164	$	856,680
Special Mention	72		—		—		1,694		—		2,296		—		4		4,066
Substandard	—		144		1,314		1,500		533		5,609		—		363		9,463
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	108,133	$	191,504	$	264,916	$	128,199	$	31,788	$	141,138	$	—	$	4,531	$	870,209
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Consumer loans:
SFR HELOCs and junior liens risk ratings
Pass	$	297	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	102	$	340,616	$	6,947	$	347,962
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,522		170		1,692
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		2,759		385		3,144
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	297	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	102	$	344,897	$	7,502	$	352,798
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—




Consumer loans:
Other risk ratings
Pass	$	23,352	$	9,854	$	9,908	$	8,119	$	7,640	$	5,286	$	649	$	—	$	64,808
Special Mention	—		—		93		13		90		4		13		—		213
Substandard	89		190		217		30		195		59		2		—		782
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	23,441	$	10,044	$	10,218	$	8,162	$	7,925	$	5,349	$	664	$	—	$	65,803
Current period gross charge-offs	$	103	$	28	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	133

Table of Contents


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial and industrial loans:
Commercial and industrial risk ratings
Pass	$	59,305	$	87,646	$	55,348	$	11,173	$	13,469	$	8,473	$	352,476	$	276	$	588,166
Special Mention	44		2,665		205		40		—		217		4,135		—		7,306
Substandard	—		374		768		126		11		835		2,073		98		4,285
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	59,349	$	90,685	$	56,321	$	11,339	$	13,480	$	9,525	$	358,684	$	374	$	599,757
Current period gross charge-offs	$	26	$	287	$	240	$	735	$	—	$	—	$	328	$	—	$	1,616


Construction loans:
Construction risk ratings
Pass	$	32,433	$	144,274	$	77,013	$	47,525	$	4,661	$	6,330	$	—	$	—	$	312,236
Special Mention	—		8,656		—		—		—		—		—		—		8,656
Substandard	—		—		—		—		71		—		—		—		71
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	32,433	$	152,930	$	77,013	$	47,525	$	4,732	$	6,330	$	—	$	—	$	320,963
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Agriculture production loans:
Agriculture production risk ratings
Pass	$	457	$	2,984	$	2,260	$	716	$	684	$	8,562	$	95,011	$	—	$	110,674
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		8,928		—		8,928
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,870		—		3,870
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	457	$	2,984	$	2,260	$	716	$	684	$	8,562	$	107,809	$	—	$	123,472
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


Leases:
Lease risk ratings
Pass	$	8,219	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$8,219
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	8,219	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8,219
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—




Total loans outstanding:
Risk ratings
Pass	$	452,625	$	1,267,241	$	1,211,681	$	557,722	$	464,079	$	1,542,248	$	1,025,441	$	11,387	$	6,532,424
Special Mention	116		15,278		24,038		10,287		18,390		10,222		16,109		174		94,614
Substandard	190		3,720		15,670		1,656		8,221		35,209		16,116		846		81,628
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	452,931	$	1,286,239	$	1,251,389	$	569,665	$	490,690	$	1,587,679	$	1,057,666	$	12,407	$	6,708,666
Current period gross charge-offs	$	129	$	315	$	240	$	2,115	$	—	$	2,228	$	330	$	—	$	5,357

Table of Contents


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	399,910	$	304,636	$	152,960	$	221,659	$	147,842	$	748,994	$	123,794	$	—	$	2,099,795
Special Mention	—		—		—		20,033		—		21,681		1,346		—		43,060
Substandard	—		864		768		—		1,059		4,179		—		—		6,870
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	399,910	$	305,500	$	153,728	$	241,692	$	148,901	$	774,854	$	125,140	$	—	$	2,149,725


Commercial real estate:
CRE owner occupied risk ratings
Pass	$	210,101	$	197,787	$	120,929	$	64,244	$	49,755	$	251,137	$	43,343	$	—	$	937,296
Special Mention	131		16,296		234		731		—		6,971		879		—		25,242
Substandard	3,213		—		5,249		1,893		1,103		10,654		157		—		22,269
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	213,445	$	214,083	$	126,412	$	66,868	$	50,858	$	268,762	$	44,379	$	—	$	984,807


Commercial real estate:
Multifamily risk ratings
Pass	$	159,318	$	290,170	$	96,937	$	108,586	$	106,287	$	154,125	$	28,989	$	—	$	944,412
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		125		—		—		125
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	159,318	$	290,170	$	96,937	$	108,586	$	106,287	$	154,250	$	28,989	$	—	$	944,537


Commercial real estate:
Farmland risk ratings
Pass	$	47,067	$	53,275	$	16,739	$	18,589	$	12,386	$	34,528	$	53,684	$	—	$	236,268
Special Mention	3,139		783		246		5,000		—		3,991		14,275		—		27,434
Substandard	—		—		1,772		765		3,158		7,094		3,523		—		16,312
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	50,206	$	54,058	$	18,757	$	24,354	$	15,544	$	45,613	$	71,482	$	—	$	280,014


Consumer loans:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens risk ratings
Pass	$	194,933	$	265,370	$	131,922	$	33,395	$	28,545	$	115,469	$	8	$	2,924	$	772,566
Special Mention	—		—		1,531		282		3,277		5,854		—		465		11,409
Substandard	—		1,204		—		—		1,004		3,521		—		645		6,374
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	194,933	$	266,574	$	133,453	$	33,677	$	32,826	$	124,844	$	8	$	4,034	$	790,349

Table of Contents


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Consumer loans:
SFR HELOCs and Junior Liens
Pass	$	505	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	127	$	378,939	$	8,462	$	388,033
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,842		81		1,923
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		3,072		638		3,710
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	505	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	127	$	383,853	$	9,181	$	393,666


Consumer loans:
Other risk ratings
Pass	$	14,070	$	12,990	$	10,211	$	10,650	$	5,225	$	1,945	$	899	$	—	$	55,990
Special Mention	—		18		77		135		176		32		47		—		485
Substandard	—		—		42		92		—		96		23		—		253
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	14,070	$	13,008	$	10,330	$	10,877	$	5,401	$	2,073	$	969	$	—	$	56,728


Commercial and industrial loans:
Commercial and industrial risk ratings
Pass	$	125,710	$	64,966	$	17,746	$	23,131	$	7,628	$	5,051	$	297,341	$	483	$	542,056
Special Mention	3,032		139		21		49		138		768		11,547		—		15,694
Substandard	1,293		1,142		5,179		14		33		611		3,798		101		12,171
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	130,035	$	66,247	$	22,946	$	23,194	$	7,799	$	6,430	$	312,686	$	584	$	569,921


Construction loans:
Construction risk ratings
Pass	$	72,840	$	72,308	$	43,409	$	15,358	$	2,159	$	4,900	$	—	$	—	$	210,974
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		457		—		129		—		—		586
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	72,840	$	72,308	$	43,409	$	15,815	$	2,159	$	5,029	$	—	$	—	$	211,560


Agriculture production loans:
Agriculture production risk ratings
Pass	$	3,414	$	2,777	$	1,149	$	1,104	$	8,902	$	1,058	$	38,425	$	—	$	56,829
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		90		31		1,632		—		1,753
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		2,832		—		2,832
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	3,414	$	2,777	$	1,149	$	1,104	$	8,992	$	1,089	$	42,889	$	—	$	61,414

Table of Contents


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year – As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Leases:
Lease risk ratings
Pass	$	7,726	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7,726
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	7,726	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7,726


Total loans outstanding:
Risk ratings
Pass	$	1,235,594	$	1,264,279	$	592,002	$	496,716	$	368,729	$	1,317,334	$	965,422	$	11,869	$	6,251,945
Special Mention	6,302		17,236		2,109		26,230		3,681		39,328		31,568		546		127,000
Substandard	4,506		3,210		13,010		3,221		6,357		26,409		13,405		1,384		71,502
Doubtful/Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,246,402	$	1,284,725	$	607,121	$	526,167	$	378,767	$	1,383,071	$	1,010,395	$	13,799	$	6,450,447

The following table shows the ending balance of current and past due originated loans by loan category as of the date indicated:


	Analysis of Past Due Loans - As of September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	30-59 days		60-89 days		> 90 days		Total Past Due Loans		Current		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	403	$	—	$	212	$	615	$	2,170,807	$	2,171,422
CRE owner occupied	138		117		230		485		957,569		958,054
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		959,361		959,361
Farmland	—		—		264		264		278,344		278,608
Total commercial real estate loans	541		117		706		1,364		4,366,081		4,367,445
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	398		560		572		1,530		868,679		870,209
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	1,570		1,391		294		3,255		349,543		352,798
Other	119		21		75		215		65,588		65,803
Total consumer loans	2,087		1,972		941		5,000		1,283,810		1,288,810
Commercial and industrial	53		108		1,514		1,675		598,082		599,757
Construction	—		—		—		—		320,963		320,963
Agriculture production	—		—		33		33		123,439		123,472
Leases	—		—		—		—		8,219		8,219
Total	$	2,681	$	2,197	$	3,194	$	8,072	$	6,700,594	$	6,708,666

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	Analysis of Past Due Loans - As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	30-59 days		60-89 days		> 90 days		Total Past Due Loans		Current		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,149,725	$	2,149,725
CRE owner occupied	—		98		75		173		984,634		984,807
Multifamily	159		—		—		159		944,378		944,537
Farmland	—		—		—		—		280,014		280,014
Total commercial real estate loans	159		98		75		332		4,358,751		4,359,083
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	24		—		279		303		790,046		790,349
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	172		166		707		1,045		392,621		393,666
Other	26		34		55		115		56,613		56,728
Total consumer loans	222		200		1,041		1,463		1,239,280		1,240,743
Commercial and industrial	2,300		190		283		2,773		567,148		569,921
Construction	—		—		379		379		211,181		211,560
Agriculture production	—		—		—		—		61,414		61,414
Leases	—		—		—		—		7,726		7,726
Total	$	2,681	$	488	$	1,778	$	4,947	$	6,445,500	$	6,450,447

The following table shows the ending balance of non accrual loans by loan category as of the date indicated:


	Non Accrual Loans
	As of September 30, 2023						As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Non accrual with no allowance for credit losses		Total non accrual		Past due 90 days or more and still accruing		Non accrual with no allowance for credit losses		Total non accrual		Past due 90 days or more and still accruing
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	1,105	$	1,105	$	—	$	1,739	$	1,739	$	—
CRE owner occupied	3,898		3,898		—		4,938		4,938		—
Multifamily	—		—		—		125		125		—
Farmland	6,132		11,707		—		1,772		1,772		—
Total commercial real estate loans	11,135		16,710		—		8,574		8,574		—
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	2,883		2,884		—		4,117		4,220		—
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	2,751		3,158		—		2,498		3,155		—
Other	82		156		—		47		84		—
Total consumer loans	5,716		6,198		—		6,662		7,459		—
Commercial and industrial	1,479		2,907		43		1,224		3,518		—
Construction	71		71		—		491		491		—
Agriculture production	3,357		3,870		—		1,279		1,279		—
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—
Sub-total	21,758		29,756		43		18,230		21,321		—
Less: Guaranteed loans	(797)		(936)		—		(105)		(225)
Total, net	$	20,961	$	28,820	$	43	$	18,125	$	21,096	$	—

Interest income on non accrual loans that would have been recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, if all such loans had been current in accordance with their original terms, totaled $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Interest income actually recognized on these originated loans during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

Interest income on non accrual loans that would have been recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, if all such loans had been current in accordance with their original terms, totaled $1.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Interest income actually recognized on these originated loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

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The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loans as of the following periods:


	As of September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Retail		Office		Warehouse		Other		Multifamily		Farmland		SFR-1st Deed		SFR-2nd Deed		Automobile/Truck		A/R and Inventory		Equipment		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	127	$	212	$	—	$	766	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,105
CRE owner occupied	641		75		165		3,017		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		3,898
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland	—		—		—		743		—		10,964		—		—		—		—		—		11,707
Total commercial real estate loans	768		287		165		4,526		—		10,964		—		—		—		—		—		16,710
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		2,883		—		—		—		—		2,883
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,705		1,011		—		—		—		2,716
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		146		—		—		146
Total consumer loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		4,588		1,011		146		—		—		5,745
Commercial and industrial	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,828		1,079		2,907
Construction	—		—		—		—		—		—		71		—		—		—		—		71
Agriculture production	—		—		—		1,404		—		—		—		—		—		—		2,466		3,870
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	768	$	287	$	165	$	5,930	$	—	$	10,964	$	4,659	$	1,011	$	146	$	1,828	$	3,545	$	29,303


	As of December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Retail		Office		Warehouse		Other		Multifamily		Farmland		SFR -1st Deed		SFR -2nd Deed		Automobile/Truck		A/R and Inventory		Equipment		Total
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	777	$	98	$	—	$	864	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,739
CRE owner occupied	548		75		1,103		3,212		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		4,938
Multifamily	—		—		—		—		125		—		—		—		—		—		—		125
Farmland	—		—		—		—		—		1,772		—		—		—		—		—		1,772
Total commercial real estate loans	1,325		173		1,103		4,076		125		1,772		—		—		—		—		—		8,574
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		4,220		—		—		—		—		4,220
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,664		1,121		—		—		—		2,785
Other	—		—		—		5		—		—		—		—		61		—		2		68
Total consumer loans	—		—		—		5		—		—		5,884		1,121		61		—		2		7,073
Commercial and industrial	—		—		—		1,874		—		—		—		—		—		1,596		48		3,518
Construction	—		—		—		379		—		—		112		—		—		—		—		491
Agriculture production	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,279		1,279
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,325	$	173	$	1,103	$	6,334	$	125	$	1,772	$	5,996	$	1,121	$	61	$	1,596	$	1,329	$	20,935

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Modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearances, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

The following tables show the amortized cost basis of loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the periods presented. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivables is also presented below.


	For the three months ended September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Principal Forgiveness		Payment Delay/Term Extension		Interest Rate Reduction		Combination - Payment Delay/Term Reduction		Total % of Loans Outstanding
Commercial real estate:



Farmland	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,043	0.37	%






Commercial and industrial	—		45		—		—		0.01	%



Total	$	—	$	45	$	—	$	1,043	0.38	%


	For the nine months ended September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Principal Forgiveness		Payment Delay/Term Extension		Interest Rate Reduction		Combination - Payment Delay/Term Reduction		Total % of Loans Outstanding
Commercial real estate:



Farmland	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,043	0.37	%






Commercial and industrial	—		206		—		—		0.03	%



Total	$	—	$	206	$	—	$	1,043	0.40	%

The following table presents the financial effect of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.


	Three months ended September 30, 2023				Nine months ended September 30, 2023
	Term Change from Amortizing to I/O		12 Months Term Extension		Term Change from Amortizing to I/O		12 Months Term Extension
Farmland	$	1,043	$	—	$	1,043	$	—
Commercial and industrial	45		—		45		206
Total	$	1,088	$	—	$	1,088	$	206

There were no loans with payment defaults by borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 which had material modifications in rate, term or principal forgiveness during the twelve months prior to default.

Note 6 - Leases

The Company records a ROUA on the consolidated balance sheets for those leases that convey rights to control use of identified assets for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company also records a lease liability on the consolidated balance sheets for the present value of future payment commitments. All of the Company’s leases are comprised of operating leases in which the Company is lessee of real estate property for branches, ATM locations, and general administration and operations. The Company has elected not to include short-term leases (i.e. leases with initial terms of 12 month or less) within the ROUA and lease liability. Known or determinable adjustments to the required minimum future lease payments were included in the calculation of the Company’s ROUA and lease liability. Adjustments to the required minimum future lease payments that are variable and will not be determinable until a future period, such as changes in the consumer price index, are included as variable lease costs. Additionally, expected variable payments for common area maintenance, taxes and insurance were unknown and not determinable at lease commencement and therefore, were not included in the determination of the Company’s ROUA or lease liability.

The value of the ROUA and lease liability is impacted by the amount of the periodic payment required, length of the lease term, and the discount rate used to calculate the present value of the minimum lease payments. The Company’s lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company’s discretion. If at lease inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. Topic 842 requires the use of the rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable. As this rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term. The lease liability is reduced based on the discounted present value of remaining payments as of each reporting period. The ROUA value is measured using the amount of lease liability and adjusted for prepaid or accrued lease payments, remaining lease incentives, unamortized direct costs (if any), and impairment (if

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any).

The following table presents the components of lease expense for the periods ended:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating lease cost	$	1,451	$	1,415	$	4,553	$	4,203
Short-term lease cost	43		76		279		210
Variable lease cost	9		9		29		18
Sublease income	—		—		—		—
Total lease cost	$	1,503	$	1,500	$	4,861	$	4,431

The following table presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the periods ended:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	1,576	$	1,536	$	4,840	$	4,351
ROUA obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	(544)	$	—	$	4,311	$	4,609

The following table presents the weighted average operating lease term and discount rate as of the period ended:


	September 30,
	2023		2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	8.1		8.3
Weighted-average discount rate	3.31	%	2.91	%

At September 30, 2023, future expected operating lease payments are as follows:


(in thousands)
Periods ending December 31,
2023	$	1,510
2024	5,757
2025	5,186
2026	4,642
2027	3,951
Thereafter	12,995
	34,041
Discount for present value of expected cash flows	(4,514)
Lease liability at September 30, 2023	$	29,527

Note 7 - Deposits

A summary of the balances of deposits follows:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	2,857,512	$	3,502,095
Interest-bearing demand	1,746,882		1,718,541
Savings	2,816,816		2,884,378
Time certificates, $250,000 or more	184,981		46,350
Other time certificates	403,452		177,649
Total deposits	$	8,009,643	$	8,329,013

Overdrawn deposit balances of $1.2 million and $1.8 million were classified as consumer loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

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Note 8 - Borrowings

Other Borrowings

At September 30, 2023 other borrowings included a $150.0 million term borrowing with an interest rate of 5.11% maturing in October 2023, a $150.0 million term borrowing with an interest rate of 5.69% maturing in December 2023, and a $200.0 million term borrowing with an interest rate of 4.75% maturing in April 2024.

Subordinated Debentures

The following table summarizes the terms and recorded balances of each debenture as of the date indicated (dollars in thousands):


				Coupon Rate (Variable) 3 mo. LIBOR +		As of September 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
Subordinated Debt Series	Maturity Date	Face Value				Current Coupon Rate		Recorded Book Value		Recorded Book Value
TriCo Cap Trust I	10/7/2033	$	20,619	3.05	%	8.62	%	$	20,619	$	20,619
TriCo Cap Trust II	7/23/2034	20,619		2.55	%	8.16	%	20,619		20,619
North Valley Trust II	4/24/2033	6,186		3.25	%	8.88	%	5,576		5,503
North Valley Trust III	7/23/2034	5,155		2.80	%	8.41	%	4,449		4,383
North Valley Trust IV	3/15/2036	10,310		1.33	%	7.00	%	7,557		7,393
VRB Subordinated - 6%	3/29/2029	16,000		Fixed		6.00	%	17,046		17,187
VRB Subordinated - 5%	8/27/2035	20,000		Fixed		5.00	%	25,214		25,336
		$	98,889					$	101,080	$	101,040

The VRB - 6% Subordinated Debt issuance has a fixed rate of 6.0% through March 29, 2024, then indexed to the three-month SOFR plus 3.78% through the maturity date. The VRB - 5% Subordinated Debt issuance is fixed at 5.0% through August 27, 2025, then indexed to the three-month average SOFR plus 4.90% through the maturity date.

Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies

The following table presents a summary of the Bank’s commitments and contingent liabilities:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial instruments whose amounts represent risk:
Commitments to extend credit:
Commercial loans	$	735,645	$	656,705
Consumer loans	678,354		760,588
Real estate mortgage loans	486,853		458,896
Real estate construction loans	367,436		312,371
Standby letters of credit	38,730		26,599
Deposit account overdraft privilege	124,392		126,634

Note 10 - Shareholders’ Equity

Dividends Paid

The Bank paid to the Company cash dividends in the aggregate amounts of $11.5 million and $16.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $41.4 million and $52.4 million during the equivalent nine months periods then ended, respectively. The Bank is regulated by the FDIC and the DFPI. Absent approval from the Commissioner of the DFPI, California banking laws generally limit the Bank’s ability to pay dividends to the lesser of (1) retained earnings or (2) net income for the last three fiscal years, less cash distributions paid during such period.

Stock Repurchase Plan

On February 25, 2021 the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2.0 million shares of the Company's common stock (the 2021 Repurchase Plan), which approximated 6.7% of the shares outstanding as of the approval date. The actual timing of any share

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repurchases can be determined by the Company's management and therefore the total value of the shares to be purchased under the 2021 Repurchase Plan is subject to change. The 2021 Repurchase Plan has no expiration date (in accordance with applicable laws and regulations). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased zero and 150,000 shares with market values totaling $0 and $6,974,000, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 45,132 and 571,881 shares with market values of $2,059,000 and $23,809,000, respectively.

Stock Repurchased Under Equity Compensation Plans

The Company's shareholder-approved equity compensation plans permit employees to tender recently vested shares in lieu of cash for the payment of exercise price, if applicable, and the tax withholding on such shares. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, exercising option holders tendered 0 and 32,910 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock in connection with option exercises. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, exercising option holders tendered 2,506 and 37,929 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock in connection with option exercises. Employees also tendered 976 and 13,833 shares in connection with the tax withholding requirements of other share based awards during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and 52,437 and 27,840 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In total, shares of the Company's common stock tendered had market values of $0.03 million and $2.2 million during the quarters ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $2.1 million and $3.0 million during the year to date periods then ended. The tendered shares were retired. The market value of tendered shares is the last market trade price at closing on the day an option is exercised or the other share based award vests. Stock repurchased under equity incentive plans are not included in the total of stock repurchased under the 2021 Stock Repurchase Plans.

Note 11 - Stock Options and Other Equity-Based Incentive Instruments

On April 16, 2019, the Board of Directors adopted the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (2019 Plan) which was approved by shareholders on May 21, 2019. The 2019 Plan allows for up to 1,500,000 shares to be issued in connection with equity-based incentives. The Company’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (2009 Plan) expired on March 26, 2019. While no new awards can be granted under the 2009 Plan, existing grants continue to be governed by the terms, conditions and procedures set forth in any applicable award agreement.

Stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is summarized in the following table:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	15,500	$	21.27
Options granted	—	—
Options exercised	(8,000)	19.46
Options forfeited	—	—
Outstanding at September 30, 2023	7,500	$	23.21

The following table shows the number, weighted-average exercise price, intrinsic value, and weighted average remaining contractual life of options exercisable, options not yet exercisable and total options outstanding as of September 30, 2023:


	Currently Exercisable		Currently Not Exercisable		Total Outstanding
Number of options	7,500		—		7,500
Weighted average exercise price	$	23.21	$	—	$	23.21
Intrinsic value (in thousands)	$	66	$	—	$	66
Weighted average remaining contractual term (yrs.)	1.0		0 years		1.0

As of September 30, 2023 all options outstanding are fully vested and are expected to be exercised prior to expiration. The Company did not modify any option grants during 2022 or the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Activity related to restricted stock unit awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is summarized in the following table:

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	Service Condition Vesting RSUs	Market Plus Service Condition Vesting RSUs
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	139,194	114,481
RSUs granted	84,066	66,209
RSUs added through dividend and performance credits	3,715	—
RSUs released	(72,847)	(55,928)
RSUs forfeited/expired	(844)	(902)
Outstanding at September 30, 2023	153,284	123,860

The 153,284 of service condition vesting RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2023 include a feature whereby each RSU outstanding is credited with a dividend amount equal to any common stock cash dividend declared and paid, and the credited amount is divided by the closing price of the Company’s stock on the dividend payable date to arrive at an additional amount of RSUs outstanding under the original grant. The dividend credits follow the same vesting requirements as the RSU awards and are not considered participating securities. The 153,284 of service condition vesting RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2023 are expected to vest, and be released, on a weighted-average basis, over the next 2.1 years. The Company expects to recognize $4.8 million of pre-tax compensation costs related to these service condition vesting RSUs between September 30, 2023 and their vesting dates. The Company did not modify any service condition vesting RSUs during 2022 or during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The 123,860 of market plus service condition vesting RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2023 are expected to vest, and be released, on a weighted-average basis, over the next 2.2 years. The Company expects to recognize $2.7 million of pre-tax compensation costs related to these RSUs between September 30, 2023 and their vesting dates. As of September 30, 2023, the number of market plus service condition vesting RSUs outstanding that will actually vest, and be released, may be reduced to zero or increased to 185,790 depending on the total return of the Company’s common stock versus the total return of an index of bank stocks from the grant date to the vesting date. The Company did not modify any market plus service condition vesting RSUs during 2022 or during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Note 12 - Non-interest Income and Expense

The following table summarizes the Company’s non-interest income for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
ATM and interchange fees	$	6,728	$	6,714	$	19,928	$	19,941
Service charges on deposit accounts	4,851		4,436		12,863		12,433
Other service fees	1,142		1,022		3,300		3,183
Mortgage banking service fees	445		477		1,364		1,422
Change in value of mortgage servicing rights	(91)		33		(215)		443
Total service charges and fees	13,075		12,682		37,240		37,422
Increase in cash value of life insurance	684		659		2,274		2,049
Asset management and commission income	1,141		1,020		3,233		2,946
Gain on sale of loans	382		357		883		2,145
Lease brokerage income	160		252		332		648
Sale of customer checks	396		326		1,091		871
Loss on sale of investment securities	—		—		(164)		—
Loss on marketable equity securities	(81)		(115)		(81)		(346)
Other	227		459		552		1,431
Total other non-interest income	2,909		2,958		8,120		9,744
Total non-interest income	$	15,984	$	15,640	$	45,360	$	47,166

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The components of non-interest expense were as follows:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Base salaries, net of deferred loan origination costs	$	23,616	$	22,377	$	70,675	$	62,762
Incentive compensation	4,391		4,832		11,663		11,697
Benefits and other compensation costs	6,456		6,319		19,402		18,782
Total salaries and benefits expense	34,463		33,528		101,740		93,241
Occupancy	3,948		3,965		12,099		11,536
Data processing and software	5,246		3,449		13,916		10,558
Equipment	1,503		1,422		4,322		4,208
Intangible amortization	1,590		1,702		4,902		4,632
Advertising	881		990		2,656		2,445
ATM and POS network charges	1,606		1,694		5,217		4,850
Professional fees	1,752		1,172		5,326		3,281
Telecommunications	567		575		1,971		1,660
Regulatory assessments and insurance	1,194		828		3,979		2,327
Merger and acquisition expense	—		—		—		6,253
Postage	306		287		916		828
Operational losses	474		492		1,999		765
Courier service	492		497		1,314		1,397
Gain on sale or acquisition of foreclosed assets	(152)		(148)		(152)		(246)
Gain on disposal of fixed assets	4		4		22		(1,069)
Other miscellaneous expense	4,004		4,008		12,688		10,510
Total other non-interest expense	23,415		20,937		71,175		63,935
Total non-interest expense	$	57,878	$	54,465	$	172,915	$	157,176

Note 13 - Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share represent income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued, as well as any adjustments to income that would result from assumed issuance. Potential common shares that may be issued by the Company relate to outstanding stock options and restricted stock units (RSUs), and are determined using the treasury stock method. Earnings per share have been computed based on the following:


	Three months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Net income	$	30,590	$	37,338
Average number of common shares outstanding	33,263		33,348
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock	56		115
Average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate diluted earnings per share	33,319		33,463
Options excluded from diluted earnings per share because of their antidilutive effect	—		—


	Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Net income	$	91,315	$	89,076
Average number of common shares outstanding	33,259		32,332
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock	97		137
Average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate diluted earnings per share	33,356		32,469
Options excluded from diluted earnings per share because of their antidilutive effect	—		—

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Note 14 – Comprehensive Loss

Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet identified as accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI), such items, along with net income, are components of other comprehensive loss (OCI).

The components of other comprehensive loss and related tax effects are as follows:


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Unrealized holding losses on available for sale securities before reclassifications	$	(62,525)	$	(109,341)	$	(44,901)	$	(317,659)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI:
Realized loss on debt securities	—		—		164		—



Unrealized holding losses on available for sale securities after reclassifications	(62,525)		(109,341)		(44,737)		(317,659)
Tax effect	18,485		32,601		13,226		93,911
Unrealized holding losses on available for sale securities, net of tax	(44,040)		(76,740)		(31,511)		(223,748)
Change in unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans before reclassifications	114		5		342		97
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI:
Amortization of prior service cost	—		(7)		—		(21)
Amortization of actuarial losses	(114)		2		(342)		6

Total amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss	(114)		(5)		(342)		(15)
Change in unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans after reclassifications	—		—		—		82
Tax effect	—		—		—		(24)
Change in unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans, net of tax	—		—		—		58


Change in joint beneficiary agreement liability before reclassifications, net of tax	—		—		—		—
Total other comprehensive loss	$	(44,040)	$	(76,740)	$	(31,511)	$	(223,690)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, included in shareholders’ equity, are as follows:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Net unrealized loss on available for sale securities	$	(335,286)	$	(290,549)
Tax effect	99,123		85,897
Unrealized holding loss on available for sale securities, net of tax	(236,163)		(204,652)
Unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans	13,901		13,901
Tax effect	(4,110)		(4,110)
Unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans, net of tax	9,791		9,791
Joint beneficiary agreement liability	956		956
Tax effect	—		—
Joint beneficiary agreement liability, net of tax	956		956
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(225,416)	$	(193,905)

Note 15 - Fair Value Measurement

The Company utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. In estimating fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, income approach, and/or the cost approach. Inputs to valuation techniques include the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability including assumptions about the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset and the risk of nonperformance. Marketable equity securities, debt securities available-for-sale, loans held for sale, and mortgage servicing rights are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such loans held for investment and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application impairment write-downs of individual assets.

The Company groups assets and liabilities at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the observable nature of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

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Level 1 - Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

Level 2 - Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

Level 3 - Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

Marketable equity securities and debt securities available for sale - Marketable equity securities and debt securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds. Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored entities, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities. The Company had no securities classified as Level 3 during any of the periods covered in these financial statements.

Loans held for sale - Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of loans held for sale is based on what secondary markets are currently offering for loans with similar characteristics. As such, we classify those loans subjected to recurring fair value adjustments as Level 2.

Individually evaluated loans - Loans are not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, certain loans have individual risk characteristics not consistent with a pool of loans and is individually evaluated for credit reserves. Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement are typically individually evaluated. The fair value of these loans are estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value, fair value of similar debt, enterprise value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. Loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value which uses substantially observable data, the Company records the loan as nonrecurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value, or the appraised value contains a significant unobservable assumption, such as deviations from comparable sales, and there is no observable market price, the Company records the loan as nonrecurring Level 3.

Foreclosed assets - Foreclosed assets include assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure. Foreclosed assets are held for sale and are initially recorded at fair value at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, management periodically performs valuations and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. When the fair value of foreclosed assets is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value which uses substantially observable data, the Company records the loan as nonrecurring Level 2. When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value, or the appraised value contains a significant unobservable assumption, such as deviations from comparable sales, and there is no observable market price, the Company records the foreclosed asset as nonrecurring Level 3. Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in other non-interest expense.

Mortgage servicing rights - Mortgage servicing rights are carried at fair value. A valuation model, which utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis using a discount rate and prepayment speed assumptions is used in the computation of the fair value measurement. While the prepayment speed assumption is currently quoted for comparable instruments, the discount rate assumption currently requires a significant degree of management judgment and is therefore considered an unobservable input. As such, the Company classifies mortgage servicing rights subjected to recurring fair value adjustments as Level 3.

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The table below presents the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):


Fair value at September 30, 2023	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Marketable equity securities	$	2,517	$	2,517
Debt securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	1,207,172				1,207,172
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	258,669				258,669
Corporate bonds	5,505				5,505
Asset backed securities	369,729				369,729
Non-agency mortgage backed securities	333,262				333,262
Loans held for sale	644				644
Mortgage servicing rights	6,792						6,792
Total assets measured at fair value	$	2,184,290	$	2,517	$	2,174,981	$	6,792


Fair value at December 31, 2022	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Marketable equity securities	$	2,598	$	2,598	$	—	$	—
Debt securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	1,372,769		—		1,372,769		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	293,205		—		293,205		—
Corporate bonds	5,751		—		5,751		—
Asset backed securities	439,767		—		439,767		—
Non-agency mortgage backed securities	340,946				340,946
Loans held for sale	1,846		—		1,846		—
Mortgage servicing rights	6,712		—		—		6,712
Total assets measured at fair value	$	2,463,594	$	2,598	$	2,454,284	$	6,712

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized on the actual date of the event or circumstances that caused the transfer, which generally corresponds with the Company’s quarterly valuation process. There were no transfers between any levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 or the year ended December 31, 2022.

The following table provides a reconciliation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) on a recurring basis during the time periods indicated. Had there been any transfer into or out of Level 3 during the time periods indicated, the amount included in the “Transfers into (out of) Level 3” column would represent the beginning balance of an item in the period (interim quarter) during which it was transferred (in thousands):


Three months ended September 30,	Beginning Balance		Transfers into (out of) Level 3	Change Included in Earnings		Issuances		Ending Balance
2023: Mortgage servicing rights	$	6,741	—	$	(91)	$	142	$	6,792
2022: Mortgage servicing rights	$	6,667	—	$	33	$	98	$	6,798


Nine months ended September 30,	Beginning Balance		Transfers into (out of) Level 3	Change Included in Earnings		Issuances		Ending Balance
2023: Mortgage servicing rights	$	6,712		$	(215)	$	295	$	6,792
2022: Mortgage servicing rights	$	5,874	—	$	443	$	481	$	6,798

The key unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are mortgage prepayment speeds and the discount rate used to discount cash projected cash flows. Generally, any significant increases in the mortgage prepayment speed and discount rate utilized in the fair value measurement of the mortgage servicing rights will result in a negative fair value adjustments (and decrease in the fair value measurement). Conversely, a decrease in the mortgage prepayment speed and discount rate will result in a positive fair value adjustment (and increase in the fair value measurement).

The following table presents quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

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As of September 30, 2023:

Fair Value
(in thousands)

Valuation
Technique

Unobservable
Inputs

Range,
Weighted
Average

Mortgage Servicing Rights

6,792

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rate

6% - 12%; 7.0%

Discount rate

10% - 14%; 12%

As of December 31, 2022:

Mortgage Servicing Rights

6,712

Discounted cash flow

Constant prepayment rate

7% - 13.6%; 7.6%

Discount rate

10% - 14%; 12%

The tables below present the recorded investment in assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, as of the dates indicated, that had a write-down or an additional allowance provided during the periods indicated (in thousands):


September 30, 2023	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Fair value:
Individually evaluated loans	$	5,619	—		—		$	5,619
Foreclosed assets	175		—		—		175
Total assets measured at fair value	$	5,794	$	—	$	—	$	5,794


December 31, 2022	Total		Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
Fair value:
Individually evaluated loans	$	5,719	—	—	$	5,719
Foreclosed assets	311		—	—	311
Total assets measured at fair value	$	6,030	—	—	$	6,030

The tables below present the (losses) gains resulting from non-recurring fair value adjustments of assets and liabilities for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Individually evaluated loans	$	4,749	$	(1,567)	$	(2,281)	$	(2,182)
Foreclosed assets	(41)		13		(233)		111
Total losses from non-recurring measurements	$	4,708	$	(1,554)	$	(2,514)	$	(2,071)

The individually evaluated loan amounts above represent collateral dependent loans that have been adjusted to fair value. When the Company identifies a collateral dependent loan with unique risk characteristics, the Company evaluates the need for an allowance using the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs. Depending on the characteristics of a loan, the fair value of collateral is generally estimated by obtaining external appraisals. If the Company determines that the value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the Company recognizes this impairment and adjust the carrying value of the loan to fair value through the allowance for credit losses. The loss represents charge-offs or impairments on collateral dependent loans for fair value adjustments based on the fair value of collateral. The carrying value of loans fully charged-off is zero.

The foreclosed assets amount above represents impaired real estate that has been adjusted to fair value. Foreclosed assets represent real estate which the Company has taken control of in partial or full satisfaction of loans. At the time of foreclosure, other real estate owned is recorded at fair value less costs to sell, which becomes the property’s new basis. Any write-downs based on the asset’s fair value at the date of acquisition are charged to the allowance for credit losses. After foreclosure, management periodically performs valuations such that the real estate is carried at the lower of its new cost basis or fair value, net of estimated costs to sell. Fair value adjustments on other real estate owned are recognized within net loss on real estate owned. The loss represents impairments on real estate owned for fair value adjustments based on the fair value of the real estate.

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The Company’s property appraisals are primarily based on the sales comparison approach and income approach methodologies, which consider recent sales of comparable properties, including their income generating characteristics, and then make adjustments to reflect the general assumptions that a market participant would make when analyzing the property for purchase. These adjustments may increase or decrease an appraised value and can vary significantly depending on the location, physical characteristics and income producing potential of each property. Additionally, the quality and volume of market information available at the time of the appraisal can vary from period to period and cause significant changes to the nature and magnitude of comparable sale adjustments. Given these variations, comparable sale adjustments are generally not a reliable indicator for how fair value will increase or decrease from period to period. Under certain circumstances, management discounts are applied based on specific characteristics of an individual property.

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2023:

September 30, 2023

Fair Value
(in thousands)

Valuation
Technique

Unobservable Inputs

Range,
Weighted Average

Individually evaluated loans

5,619

Sales comparison
approach
Income approach

Adjustment for differences between
comparable sales;
Capitalization rate

Not meaningful
N/A

Foreclosed assets (Commerical real estate)

175

Income Approach

Capitalization rate

Not meaningful
N/A

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2022:

December 31, 2022

Fair Value
(in thousands)

Valuation
Technique

Unobservable Inputs

Range,
Weighted Average

Individually evaluated loans

5,719

Sales comparison
approach
Income approach

Adjustment for differences between
comparable sales;
Capitalization rate

Not meaningful
N/A

Foreclosed assets (Residential real estate)

311

Sales comparison
approach

Adjustment for differences between
comparable sales

Not meaningful
N/A

Fair values for financial instruments are management’s estimates of the values at which the instruments could be exchanged in a transaction between willing parties. The Company uses the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments. These estimates are subjective and may vary significantly from amounts that would be realized in actual transactions. In addition, other significant assets are not considered financial assets including, any mortgage banking operations, deferred tax assets, and premises and equipment. Further, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on the fair value estimates and have not been considered in any of these estimates.


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Financial assets:
Level 1 inputs:
Cash and due from banks	$	75,332	$	75,332	$	96,323	$	96,323
Cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	35,767		35,767		10,907		10,907
Level 2 inputs:
Securities held to maturity	139,058		124,058		160,983		149,938
Restricted equity securities	17,250		N/A		17,250		N/A

Level 3 inputs:
Loans, net	6,592,854		6,230,247		6,344,767		6,153,155
Financial liabilities:
Level 2 inputs:
Deposits	8,009,643		8,001,633		8,329,013		8,321,517
Other borrowings	537,975		537,975		264,605		264,605
Level 3 inputs:
Junior subordinated debt	101,080		93,600		101,040		92,613

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(in thousands)	Contract Amount		Fair Value		Contract Amount		Fair Value
Off-balance sheet:
Level 3 inputs:
Commitments	$	2,268,288	$	22,683	$	2,188,560	$	21,886
Standby letters of credit	38,730		387		26,599		266
Overdraft privilege commitments	124,392		1,244		126,634		1,266

Note 16 - Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total, Tier 1, and common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 capital to average assets. The following tables present actual and required capital ratios as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for the Company and the Bank under applicable Basel III Capital Rules. The minimum capital amounts presented include the minimum required capital levels as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 based on the then phased-in provisions of the Basel III Capital Rules. Capital levels required to be considered well capitalized are based upon prompt corrective action regulations, as amended to reflect the changes under the Basel III Capital Rules.


	Actual				Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes				Required to be Considered Well Capitalized
As of September 30, 2023:	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
	(dollars in thousands)
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets):
Consolidated	$	1,177,733	14.51	%	$	852,532	10.50	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,172,064	14.44	%	$	852,325	10.50	%	$	811,738	10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets):
Consolidated	$	1,033,710	12.73	%	$	690,145	8.50	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,070,347	13.19	%	$	689,978	8.50	%	$	649,391	8.00	%
Common equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets):
Consolidated	$	976,657	12.03	%	$	568,355	7.00	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,070,347	13.19	%	$	568,217	7.00	%	$	527,630	6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets):
Consolidated	$	1,033,710	10.60	%	$	389,994	4.00	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,070,347	10.98	%	$	389,953	4.00	%	$	487,441	5.00	%

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	Actual				Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes			Required to be Considered Well Capitalized
As of December 31, 2022:	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
	(dollars in thousands)
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets):
Consolidated	$	1,115,257	14.19	%		$	825,234	10.50	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,107,941	14.10	%		$	825,039	10.50	%	$	785,751	10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets):
Consolidated	$	974,325	12.40	%		$	668,047	8.50	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,009,577	12.85	%		$	667,888	8.50	%	$	628,601	8.00	%
Common equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets):
Consolidated	$	917,565	11.67	%		$	550,156	7.00	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,009,577	12.85	%		$	550,026	7.00	%	$	510,738	6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets):
Consolidated	$	974,325	10.14	%		$	384,337	4.00	%	N/A		N/A
Tri Counties Bank	$	1,009,577	10.51	%		$	384,146	4.00	%	$	480,183	5.00	%

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, capital levels at the Company and the Bank exceed all capital adequacy requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules. Also, at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank’s capital levels exceeded the minimum amounts necessary to be considered well capitalized under the current regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.

The Basel III Capital Rules require for all banking organizations to maintain a capital conservation buffer above the minimum risk-based capital requirements in order to avoid certain limitations on capital distributions, stock repurchases and discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. The capital conservation buffer is exclusively composed of common equity tier 1 capital, and it applies to each of the risk-based capital ratios but not the leverage ratio. At September 30, 2023, the Company and the Bank are in compliance with the capital conservation buffer requirement.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Information

The statements contained herein that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company. Such statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond our control. We caution readers that a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: the conditions of the United States economy in general and the strength of the local economies in which we conduct operations; the effects of, and changes in, trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; the impacts of inflation, interest rate, market and monetary fluctuations on the Company's business condition and financial operating results; the impact of changes in financial services industry policies, laws and regulations; regulatory restrictions affecting our ability to successfully market and price our products to consumers; technological changes; weather, natural disasters and other catastrophic events that may or may not be caused by climate change and their effects on the Company's customers and the economic and business environments in which the Company operates; the impact of a slowing U.S. economy and potentially increased unemployment on the performance of our loan portfolio, the market value of our investment securities and possible other-than-temporary impairment of securities held by us due to changes in credit quality or rates; the availability of, and cost of, sources of funding and the demand for our products; adverse developments with respect to U.S. or global economic conditions and other uncertainties, including the impact of supply chain disruptions, commodities prices, inflationary pressures and labor shortages on the economic recovery and our business; the impacts of international hostilities, terrorism or geopolitical events; adverse developments in the financial services industry generally such as the recent bank failures and any related impact on depositor behavior or investor sentiment; risks related to the sufficiency of liquidity; the possibility that our recorded goodwill could become impaired, which may have an adverse impact on our earnings and capital; the costs or effects of mergers, acquisitions or dispositions we may make, as well as whether we are able to obtain any required governmental approvals in connection with any such activities, or identify and complete favorable transactions in the future, and/or realize the anticipated financial and business benefits; the regulatory and financial impacts associated with exceeding $10 billion in total assets; the negative impact on our reputation and profitability in the event customers experience economic harm or in the event that regulatory violations are identified; the ability to execute our business plan in new markets; the future operating or financial performance of the Company, including our outlook for future growth and changes in the level and direction of our nonperforming assets and charge-offs; the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses, including the assumptions made under our current expected credit losses model; any deterioration in values of California real estate, both residential and commercial; the effectiveness of the Company's asset management activities managing the mix of earning assets and in improving, resolving or liquidating lower-quality assets; the effect of changes in the financial performance and/or condition of our borrowers; changes in accounting standards and practices; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; our ability to attract and maintain deposits and other sources of liquidity; the effects of changes in the level or cost of checking or savings account deposits on our funding costs and net interest margin; increasing noninterest expense and its impact on our financial performance; competition and innovation with respect to financial products and services by banks, financial institutions and non-traditional competitors including retail businesses and technology companies; the challenges of attracting, integrating and retaining key employees; the vulnerability of the Company's operational or security systems or infrastructure, the systems of third-party vendors or other service providers with whom the Company contracts, and the Company's customers to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss and data/security breaches and the cost to defend against and respond to such incidents; the impact of the recent cyber security ransomware incident on our operations and reputation; increased data security risks due to work from home arrangements and email vulnerability; failure to safeguard personal information, and any resulting litigation; the effect of a fall in stock market prices on our brokerage and wealth management businesses; the transition from the LIBOR to new interest rate benchmarks; the costs and effects of litigation and of unexpected or adverse outcomes in such litigation; and our ability to manage the risks involved in the foregoing. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be the same as those anticipated by management. Additional factors that could cause results to differ materially from those described above can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and all subsequent filings with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, and 15(d) of the Securities Act of 1934, as amended. Such filings are also available in the “Investor Relations” section of our website, https://www.tcbk.com/investor-relations and in other documents we file with the SEC. Annualized, pro forma, projections and estimates are not forecasts and may not reflect actual results. We undertake no obligation (and expressly disclaim any such obligation) to update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

General

As TriCo Bancshares (referred to in this report as “we”, “our” or the “Company”) has not commenced any business operations independent of Tri Counties Bank (the “Bank”), the following discussion pertains primarily to the Bank. Average balances, including such balances used in calculating certain financial ratios, are generally comprised of average daily balances for the Company. Within Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, interest income, net interest income, and net interest yield are generally presented on a FTE basis. The Company believes the use of these non-generally accepted accounting principles (non-GAAP) measures provides additional clarity in assessing its results, and the presentation of these measures on a FTE basis is a common practice within the banking industry. Interest income and net interest income are shown on a non-FTE basis in the Part I - Financial Information section of this Form 10-Q, and a reconciliation of the FTE and non-FTE presentations is provided below in the discussion of net interest income.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company’s consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those that materially affect the financial statements and are related to the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, investments, mortgage servicing rights, fair value measurements, retirement plans and intangible assets. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. A detailed discussion related to the Company’s accounting policies including those related to estimates on the allowance for credit losses related to loans and investment securities, and impairment of intangible assets, can be found in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Geographical Descriptions

Financial Highlights

Performance highlights and other developments for the Company as of or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 included the following:

•Net income was $30.6 million compared to $24.9 million in the trailing quarter, and compared to $37.3 million in the same quarter of the prior year; Pre-tax pre-provision net revenue was $46.2 million compared to $43.1 million in the trailing quarter, and compared to $55.3 million in the same quarter of the prior year

•Return on average assets was 1.23% for the current quarter as compared to 1.01% in the trailing quarter and 1.46% in the same quarter of the prior year

•The Bank continues to operate a balance sheet without the utilization of brokered deposits or FRB borrowings

•Loan balances increased $187.9 million or 2.9% while deposit balanced declined $85.7 million or 1.1% from the trailing quarter

•The average cost of total deposits was 0.86% for the quarter as compared to 0.58% in the trailing quarter and 0.04% in the same quarter of the prior year and, as a result, the Company's total cost of deposits have increased 82 basis points since FOMC rate actions began in March 2022, which translates to a cycle-to-date deposit beta of 15.6%

•Balance sheet flexibility remains anchored in readily accessible sources of liquidity including undrawn borrowing capacities, on-balance sheet cash and unpledged investment securities totaling in excess of $4.2 billion

•Overall credit quality remains within historical norms as non-performing assets represent approximately 0.33% of total assets and the ratio of classified loans to total loans remains low and manageable.

•Average yield on earning assets was 4.94%, an increase of 16 basis points over the 4.78% in the trailing quarter; net interest margin was 3.88% in the recent quarter, narrowing only 8 basis points from 3.96% in the trailing quarter

•The loan to deposit ratio increased to 83.8% as of September 30, 2023, as compared to 80.6% as of the trailing quarter.

•The efficiency ratio was 54.8% and 53.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

•The provision for credit losses was approximately $4.2 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, as compared to a provision for credit losses of $9.7 million during the trailing quarter ended June 30, 2023, and a provision for credit losses of $3.8 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2022.

•The allowance for credit losses to total loans was 1.73% as of September 30, 2023, compared to 1.80% as of the trailing quarter end, and 1.61% as of September 30, 2022. Non-performing assets to total assets were 0.33% on September 30, 2023, as compared to 0.41% as of June 30, 2023, and 0.21% at September 30, 2022.

•While total classified loans increased to 1.2% of total loans, criticized loans as a percentage of total loans decreased by 0.8% ($44.6 million) to 2.6% as a result of loan repayments and improved borrower performance, including a negligible level of past due loans.

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TRICO BANCSHARES

Financial Summary

(In thousands, except per share amounts; unaudited)


	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Net interest income	$	88,123		$	94,106		$	270,060		$	247,076
Provision for credit losses	(4,155)			(3,795)			(18,000)			(14,225)
Non-interest income	15,984			15,640			45,360			47,166
Non-interest expense	(57,878)			(54,465)			(172,915)			(157,176)
Provision for income taxes	(11,484)			(14,148)			(33,190)			(33,765)
Net income	$	30,590		$	37,338		$	91,315		$	89,076
Per Share Data:
Basic earnings per share	$	0.92		$	1.12		$	2.75		$	2.76
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.92		$	1.12		$	2.74		$	2.74
Dividends paid	$	0.30		$	0.30		$	0.90		$	0.80
Book value at period end							$	32.18		$	29.71
Average common shares outstanding	33,263			33,348			33,259			32,332
Average diluted common shares outstanding	33,319			33,463			33,356			32,469
Shares outstanding at period end							33,263			33,332
At period end:
Loans							$	6,708,666		$	6,314,290
Total investment securities							$	2,333,162		$	2,668,145
Total assets							$	9,897,006		$	9,976,879
Total deposits							$	8,009,643		$	8,655,769
Other borrowings							$	537,975		$	47,068
Shareholders’ equity							$	1,070,401		$	990,338
Financial Ratios:
During the period:
Return on average assets (annualized)	1.23		%	1.46		%	1.24		%	1.23		%
Return on average equity (annualized)	10.91		%	13.78		%	11.06		%	11.25		%
Net interest margin(1) (annualized)	3.88		%	4.02		%	4.01		%	3.71		%
Efficiency ratio	55.59		%	49.63		%	54.82		%	53.42		%
Average equity to average assets	11.27		%	10.61		%	11.19		%	10.94		%
At end of period:
Equity to assets							10.82		%	9.93		%
Total capital to risk-adjusted assets							14.51		%	13.97		%

(1) Fully Taxable Equivalent (FTE)

Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis is designed to provide a better understanding of the significant changes and trends related to the Company and the Bank’s financial condition, operating results, asset and liability management, liquidity and capital resources and should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and the Notes thereto located at Item 1 of this report.

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Net Interest Income

The Company’s primary source of revenue is net interest income, or the difference between interest income on interest-earning assets and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Following is a summary of the components of FTE net income for the periods indicated


	Three months ended
(in thousands)	September 30, 2023			June 30, 2023			Change			% Change
Interest income	$	112,380		$	107,158		$	5,222		4.9	%
Interest expense	(24,257)			(18,557)			(5,700)			30.7	%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment (FTE) (1)	405			379			26			6.9	%
Net interest income (FTE)	$	88,528		$	88,980		$	(452)		(0.5)	%
Net interest margin (FTE)	3.88		%	3.96		%

Acquired loans discount accretion, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	1,324		$	1,471		$	(147)		(10.0)	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion(1)	3.82		%	3.89		%	(0.07)		%

PPP loans yield, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	2		$	4		$	(2)		(50.0)	%
Net interest margin less effect of PPP loan yield (1)	3.88		%	3.96		%	(0.08)		%

Acquired loans discount accretion and PPP loan yield, net: (1)
Amount (included in interest income)	$	1,326		$	1,475		$	(149)		(10.1)	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion and PPP loan yield (1)	3.82		%	3.89		%	(0.07)		%


	Three months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022			$ Change			% Change
Interest income	$	112,380		$	96,366		$	16,014		16.6	%
Interest expense	(24,257)			(2,260)			(21,997)			973.3	%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment (FTE) (1)	405			440			(35)			(8.0)	%
Net interest income (FTE)	$	88,528		$	94,546		$	(6,018)		(6.4)	%
Net interest margin (FTE)	3.88		%	4.02		%

Acquired loans discount accretion, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	1,324		$	714		$	610		(12.3)	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion(1)	3.82		%	3.99		%	(0.17)		%
PPP loans yield, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	2		$	313		$	(311)		(99.4)	%
Net interest margin less effect of PPP loan yield (1)	3.88		%	4.02		%	(0.14)		%
Acquired loans discount accretion and PPP loan yield, net: (1)
Amount (included in interest income)	$	1,326		$	1,027		$	299		29.1	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion and PPP loan yield (1)	3.82		%	3.98		%	(0.16)		%

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	Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022			$ Change			% Change
Interest income	$	322,445		$	252,516		$	69,929		27.7	%
Interest expense	(52,385)			(5,440)			(46,945)			863.0	%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment (FTE) (1)	1,176			1,120			56			5.0	%
Net interest income (FTE)	$	271,236		$	248,196		$	23,040		9.3	%
Net interest margin (FTE)	4.01		%	3.71		%

Acquired loans discount accretion, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	4,192		$	3,714		$	478		12.9	%


Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion(1)	3.95		%	3.65		%	0.30		%

PPP loans yield, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	11		$	2,374		$	(2,363)		(99.5)	%

Net interest margin less effect of PPP loan yield (1)	4.01		%	3.69		%	0.32		%
Acquired loans discount accretion and PPP loan yield, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$	4,203		$	6,088		$	(1,885)		(31.0)	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loans discount and PPP loan yield (1)	3.95		%	3.63		%	0.32		%

(1)Certain information included herein is presented on a fully tax-equivalent (FTE) basis and / or to present additional financial details which may be desired by users of this financial information. The Company believes the use of these non-generally accepted accounting principles (non-GAAP) measures provide additional clarity in assessing its results, and the presentation of these measures are common practice within the banking industry. See additional information related to non-GAAP measures at the back of this document.

Loans may be acquired at a premium or discount to par value, in which case, the premium is amortized (subtracted from) or the discount is accreted (added to) interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The dollar impact of loan discount accretion and loan premium amortization decrease as the purchased loans mature or pay off early. Upon the early pay off of a loan, any remaining unaccreted discount or unamortized premium is immediately taken into interest income; and as loan payoffs may vary significantly from quarter to quarter, so may the impact of discount accretion and premium amortization on interest income. As a result of the increase in interest rates, the prepayment rate of portfolio loans, inclusive of those acquired at a premium or discount, declined during 2023 as compared to 2022. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, June 30, 2023, and September 30, 2022, purchased loan discount accretion was $1.3 million, $1.5 million, and $0.7 million, respectively.

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Summary of Average Balances, Yields/Rates and Interest Differential

The following table presents, for the three month periods indicated, information regarding the Company’s consolidated average assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity, the amounts of interest income from average interest-earning assets and resulting yields, and the amount of interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Average loan balances include nonperforming loans. Interest income includes proceeds from loans on nonaccrual loans only to the extent cash payments have been received and applied to interest income. Yields on securities and certain loans have been adjusted upward to reflect the effect of income thereon exempt from federal income taxation at the current statutory tax rate (dollars in thousands).


	For the three months ended
	September 30, 2023						September 30, 2022
	Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Rates Earned /Paid		Average Balance		Interest Income/ Expense		Rates Earned /Paid
Assets:
Loans, excluding PPP	$	6,596,116	$	91,705	5.52	%	$	6,162,267	$	75,643	4.87	%
PPP loans	1,284		2		0.62	%	8,775		313		14.15	%
Investment securities - taxable	2,246,569		18,990		3.35	%	2,591,513		17,122		2.62	%
Investment securities - nontaxable(1)	182,766		1,755		3.81	%	210,606		1,908		3.59	%
Total investments	2,429,335		20,745		3.39	%	2,802,119		19,030		2.69	%
Cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	26,654		333		4.96	%	346,991		1,820		2.08	%
Total interest-earning assets	9,053,389		112,785		4.94	%	9,320,152		96,806		4.12	%
Other assets	820,851						810,966
Total assets	$	9,874,240					$	10,131,118
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Interest-bearing demand deposits	$	1,751,625	$	3,916	0.89	%	$	1,775,884	$	119	0.03	%
Savings deposits	2,790,197		9,526		1.35	%	3,011,145		685		0.09	%
Time deposits	535,715		3,937		2.92	%	321,100		188		0.23	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	5,077,537		17,379		1.36	%	5,108,129		992		0.08	%
Other borrowings	449,274		5,106		4.51	%	38,908		5		0.05	%
Junior subordinated debt	101,070		1.772		6.96	%	101,011		1,263		4.96	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	5,627,881		24,257		1.71	%	5,248,048		2,260		0.17	%
Noninterest-bearing deposits	2,965,564						3,644,086
Other liabilities	168,391						164,208
Shareholders’ equity	1,112,404						1,074,776
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	9,874,240					$	10,131,118
Net interest spread(2)					3.23	%					3.95	%
Net interest income and interest margin(3)			$	88,528	3.88	%			$	94,546	4.02	%

(1)Fully taxable equivalent (FTE). All yields and rates are calculated using specific day counts for the period and year as applicable.

(2)Net interest spread represents the average yield earned on interest-earning assets minus the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.

(3)Net interest margin is computed by calculating the difference between interest income and interest expense, divided by the average balance of interest-earning assets, then annualized based on the number of days in the given period.

As compared to the same quarter in the prior year, average loan yields, excluding PPP, increased 65 basis points from 4.87% during the three months ended September 30, 2022, to 5.52% during the three months ended September 30, 2023. The accretion of discounts from acquired loans added 8 and 9 basis points to loan yields during the quarters ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

The cost of interest-bearing deposits increased by 128 basis points between the quarter ended September 30, 2023, and the same quarter of the prior year. In addition, the average balance of noninterest-bearing deposits decreased by $678.5 million from three month average for the period ended September 30, 2022. As of September 30, 2023, the ratio of average total noninterest-bearing deposits to total average deposits was 36.9%, as compared to 39.2% and 41.6% at June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

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	Nine months ended September 30, 2023						Nine months ended September 30, 2022
	Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Yield/ Rate		Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Yield/ Rate
Assets
Loans, excluding PPP	$	6,492,141	$	260,857	5.37	%	$	5,668,055	$	201,245	4.75	%
PPP loans	1,444		11		1.02	%	32,287		2,374		9.83	%
Investments-taxable	2,328,883		56,681		3.25	%	2,487,111		41,695		2.24	%
Investments-nontaxable (1)	184,524		5,096		3.69	%	183,772		4,853		3.53	%
Total investments	2,513,407		61,777		3.29	%	2,670,883		46,548		2.33	%
Cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	27,606		976		4.73	%	573,252		3,469		0.81	%
Total earning assets	9,034,598		323,621		4.79	%	8,944,477		253,636		3.79	%
Other assets, net	832,501						737,721
Total assets	$	9,867,099					$	9,682,198
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Interest-bearing demand deposits	$	1,694,438	$	6,476	0.51	%	$	1,724,787	$	302	0.02	%
Savings deposits	2,818,817		20,616		0.98	%	2,863,447		1,541		0.07	%
Time deposits	413,359		6,889		2.23	%	319,940		676		0.28	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	4,926,614		33,981		0.92	%	4,908,174		2,519		0.07	%
Other borrowings	402,016		13,318		4.43	%	39,609		15		0.05	%
Junior subordinated debt	101,057		5,086		6.73	%	87,804		2,906		4.42	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	5,429,687		52,385		1.29	%	5,035,587		5,440		0.14	%
Noninterest-bearing deposits	3,153,807						3,435,487
Other liabilities	179,483						152,186
Shareholders’ equity	1,104,122						1,058,938
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	9,867,099					$	9,682,198
Net interest rate spread (1) (2)					3.50	%					3.65	%
Net interest income and margin (1) (3)			$	271,236	4.01	%			$	248,196	3.71	%

(1)Fully taxable equivalent (FTE). All yields and rates are calculated using specific day counts for the period and year as applicable.

(2)Net interest spread is the average yield earned on interest-earning assets minus the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.

(3)Net interest margin is computed by calculating the difference between interest income and interest expense, divided by the average balance of interest-earning assets.

Changes in net interest income and net interest margin during the comparable nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were impacted by changes in both volume and rates. However, changes in net interest income associated with volume were predominantly impacted by the addition of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities acquired in connection with the merger of Valley Republic Bancorp in March of 2022.

Summary of Changes in Interest Income and Expense due to Changes in Average Asset and Liability Balances and Yields Earned and Rates Paid

The following table sets forth, for the period identified, a summary of the changes in interest income and interest expense from changes in average asset and liability balances (volume) and changes in average interest rates for the periods indicated. Changes not solely attributable to volume or rates have been allocated in proportion to the respective volume and rate components.

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	Three months ended September 30, 2023 compared with three months ended September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Volume		Rate		Total
Increase (decrease) in interest income:
Loans, including PPP	$	5,017	$	10,734	$	15,751
Investment securities	(2,509)		4,225		1,716
Cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	(1,666)		179		(1,487)
Total interest-earning assets	842		15,138		15,980
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Interest-bearing demand deposits	(2)		3,799		3,797
Savings deposits	(50)		8,891		8,841
Time deposits	123		3,626		3,749
Other borrowings	51		5,050		5,101
Junior subordinated debt	1		508		509
Total interest-bearing liabilities	123		21,874		21,997
Increase (decrease) in net interest income	$	719	$	(6,736)	$	(6,017)

The following commentary regarding net interest income, interest income and interest expense may be best understood while referencing the Summary of Average Balances, Yields/Rates and Interest Differential and the Summary of Changes in Interest Income and Expense due to Changes in Average Asset and Liability Balances and Yields Earned and Rates Paid shown above.

Net interest income (FTE) during the three months ended September 30, 2023 decreased $6.0 million to $88.5 million compared to $94.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022. The overall decrease in net interest income (FTE) was due to increases in rates paid on deposits and borrowings, which resulted in additional interest expense totaling $22.0 million, partially offset by higher yields earned on investments and loans, which increased those earnings by $4.2 million and $10.7 million, respectively.


	Nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared with nine months ended September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Volume		Rate		Total
Increase (decrease) in interest income:
Loans, including PPP	$	9,028	$	48,221	$	57,249
Investment securities(1)	(879)		16,108		15,229
Cash at Federal Reserve and other banks	(1,105)		(1,388)		(2,493)
Total interest-earning assets	7,044		62,941		69,985
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Interest-bearing demand deposits	(2)		6,176		6,174
Savings deposits	(8)		19,083		19,075
Time deposits	65		6,148		6,213
Other borrowings	45		13,258		13,303
Junior subordinated debt	146		2,034		2,180
Total interest-bearing liabilities	246		46,699		46,945
Increase in net interest income	$	6,798	$	16,242	$	23,040

Net interest income (FTE) during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased $23.0 million to $271.2 million compared to $248.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The overall increase in net interest income (FTE) was due to increases in average loan balances, which resulted in improvements totaling $9.0 million, and higher yields within investments and loans further improving those earnings by $16.1 million and $48.2 million, respectively. Increasing interest rates caused interest expenses on interest-bearing liabilities to rise, most significantly deposits and other borrowings, resulting in a net increase of $31.5 million and $13.3 million, respectively.

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Asset Quality and Credit Loss Provisioning

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $4.1 million, as compared to $9.6 million during the trailing quarter, and $3.8 million million during the third quarter of 2022.

The following table presents details of the provision for credit losses for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended				Nine months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Addition to allowance for credit losses	$	3,120	$	3,500	$	16,415	$	13,645
Addition to reserve for unfunded loan commitments	1,035		295		1,585		580
	$	4,155	$	3,795	$	18,000	$	14,225

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended		Nine months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	117,329	$	97,944	$	105,680	$	85,376
ACL at acquisition for PCD loans	—		—		—		2,037
Provision for credit losses	3,120		3,500		16,415		13,645
Loans charged-off	(5,357)		(267)		(7,392)		(1,411)
Recoveries of previously charged-off loans	720		311		1,109		1,841
Balance, end of period	$	115,812	$	101,488	$	115,812	$	101,488

The allowance for credit losses (ACL) was $115.8 million or 1.73% of total loans as of September 30, 2023. The provision for credit losses on loans of $3.1 million during the recent quarter was the net effect of charge-offs associated with the disposition of a previously reserved for and individually analyzed relationship of credits, partially offset by increases in reserves for qualitative factors and quantitative reserves under the cohort model from loan growth. On a comparative basis, the provision for credit losses of $3.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022, was largely the result of loan growth. For the current quarter, the qualitative components of the ACL resulted in a net increase in required reserves totaling approximately $2.5 million due primarily to softening of the California employment data. Meanwhile, the quantitative component of the ACL decreased reserve requirements by approximately $1.5 million over the trailing quarter primarily due to decreases in specific reserves, offset partially by increases attributed to loan growth.

The Company utilizes a forecast period of approximately eight quarters and obtains the forecast data from publicly available sources as of the balance sheet date. This forecast data continues to evolve and includes improving shifts in the magnitude of changes for both the unemployment and GDP factors leading up to the balance sheet date, particularly CA unemployment trends. Despite continued declines on a year over year comparative basis, core inflation remains elevated from wage pressures, and higher living costs such as housing, energy and food prices. Management notes the rapid intervals of rate increases by the Federal Reserve and flattening or inversion of the yield curve, have informed expectations of the US entering a recession within 12 months. As a result, management continues to believe that certain credit weaknesses are likely present in the overall economy and that it is appropriate to cautiously maintain a reserve level that incorporates such risk factors.

Loans past due 30 days or more decreased by $1.4 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, to $8.1 million, as compared to $9.5 million at June 30, 2023. Non-performing loans were $29.8 million at September 30, 2023, an decrease of $7.8 million from $37.6 million as of June 30, 2023, and an increase of $12.3 million from $17.5 million as of September 30, 2022. Of the $29.8 million loans designated as non-performing as of September 30, 2023, approximately $26.6 million are current with respect to payments required under their original loan agreements.

The following table illustrates the total loans by risk rating and their respective percentage of total loans for the periods presented.


	September 30,			% of Loans Outstanding		June 30,			% of Loans Outstanding		September 30,			% of Loans Outstanding
(dollars in thousands)	2023					2023					2022
Risk Rating:
Pass	$	6,532,424		97.4	%	$	6,299,893		96.6	%	$	6,133,805		97.1	%
Special Mention	94,614			1.4	%	155,678			2.4	%	126,273			2.0	%
Substandard	81,628			1.2	%	65,169			1.0	%	54,212			0.9	%
Total	$	6,708,666				$	6,520,740				$	6,314,290

Classified loans to total loans	1.22		%			1.00		%			0.86		%
Loans past due 30+ days to total loans	0.15		%			0.15		%			0.10		%

The ratio of classified loans of 1.22% as of September 30, 2023 increased 22 basis points from June 30, 2023 and increased 36 basis points from the comparative quarter ended 2022. The newly classified credits are spread amongst several CRE and agriculture

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relationships. As a percentage of total loans outstanding, classified assets are consistent with volumes experienced prior to the recent quantitative easing cycle spurred by the COVID pandemic, and reflects management's historically conservative approach to credit risk monitoring. The Company's combined criticized loan balances improved during the quarter by $44.6 million to $176.2 million as of September 30, 2023. This improvement was driven by upgrades in several CRE borrower relationships, as well as the disposition of a credit relationship referenced above.

There was one property added and one disposed within Other Real Estate Owned during the third quarter of 2023. As of September 30, 2023, other real estate owned consisted of nine properties with a carrying value of approximately $2.9 million.

Non-performing assets of $32.7 million at September 30, 2023, represented 0.33% of total assets, a change from the $40.5 million or 0.41% and $20.9 million or 0.21% as of June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

Non-interest Income

The following table summarizes the Company’s non-interest income for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
ATM and interchange fees	$	6,728	$	6,714	$	14	0.2	%
Service charges on deposit accounts	4,851		4,436		415		9.4	%
Other service fees	1,142		1,022		120		11.7	%
Mortgage banking service fees	445		477		(32)		(6.7)	%
Change in value of mortgage servicing rights	(91)		33		(124)		(375.8)	%
Total service charges and fees	13,075		12,682		393		3.1	%
Increase in cash value of life insurance	684		659		25		3.8	%
Asset management and commission income	1,141		1,020		121		11.9	%
Gain on sale of loans	382		357		25		7.0	%
Lease brokerage income	160		252		(92)		(36.5)	%
Sale of customer checks	396		326		70		21.5	%
Gain on sale of investment securities	—		—		—		—
Loss on marketable equity securities	(81)		(115)		34		(29.6)	%
Other	227		459		(232)		(50.5)	%
Total other non-interest income	2,909		2,958		(49)		(1.7)	%
Total non-interest income	$	15,984	$	15,640	$	344	2.2	%

Non-interest income increased $0.3 million or 2.2% to $16.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $15.6 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2022. Service charges on deposit accounts increased by $0.4 million or 9.4% for the same reasons noted above.

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	Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
ATM and interchange fees	$	19,928	$	19,941	$	(13)	(0.1)	%
Service charges on deposit accounts	12,863		12,433		430		3.5	%
Other service fees	3,300		3,183		117		3.7	%
Mortgage banking service fees	1,364		1,422		(58)		(4.1)	%
Change in value of mortgage servicing rights	(215)		443		(658)		(148.5)	%
Total service charges and fees	37,240		37,422		(182)		(0.5)	%
Increase in cash value of life insurance	2,274		2,049		225		11.0	%
Asset management and commission income	3,233		2,946		287		9.7	%
Gain on sale of loans	883		2,145		(1,262)		(58.8)	%
Lease brokerage income	332		648		(316)		(48.8)	%
Sale of customer checks	1,091		871		220		25.3	%
Gain on sale of investment securities	(164)		—		(164)		n/m
Loss on marketable equity securities	(81)		(346)		265		(76.6)	%
Other	552		1,431		(879)		(61.4)	%
Total other non-interest income	8,120		9,744		(1,624)		(16.7)	%
Total non-interest income	$	45,360	$	47,166	$	(1,806)	(3.8)	%

Non-interest income decreased $1.8 million or 3.8% to $45.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to $47.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Mortgage origination related activity has declined year over year from elevated interest rates, as the income recorded from the sale of loans was down $1.3 million or 58.8%. Changes in interest rates also led to a decline in fair value of mortgage servicing rights during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, which decreased by $0.7 million or 148.5%, as compared to the trailing nine month period ended. Other income declined $0.9 million or 61.4%, $0.3 million of which was attributed to fair value changes associated with retirement plans, with a corresponding offset being included within benefits and other compensation costs.

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Non-interest Expense

The following table summarizes the Company’s non-interest expense for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Base salaries, net of deferred loan origination costs	$	23,616	$	22,377	$	1,239	5.5	%
Incentive compensation	4,391		4,832		(441)		(9.1)	%
Benefits and other compensation costs	6,456		6,319		137		2.2	%
Total salaries and benefits expense	34,463		33,528		935		2.8	%
Occupancy	3,948		3,965		(17)		(0.4)	%
Data processing and software	5,246		3,449		1,797		52.1	%
Equipment	1,503		1,422		81		5.7	%
Intangible amortization	1,590		1,702		(112)		(6.6)	%
Advertising	881		990		(109)		(11.0)	%
ATM and POS network charges	1,606		1,694		(88)		(5.2)	%
Professional fees	1,752		1,172		580		49.5	%
Telecommunications	567		575		(8)		(1.4)	%
Regulatory assessments and insurance	1,194		828		366		44.2	%

Postage	306		287		19		6.6	%
Operational losses	474		492		(18)		(3.7)	%
Courier service	492		497		(5)		(1.0)	%
Gain on sale or acquisition of foreclosed assets	(152)		(148)		(4)		2.7	%
Loss on disposal of fixed assets	4		4		—		—	%
Other miscellaneous expense	4,004		4,008		(4)		(0.1)	%
Total other non-interest expense	23,415		20,937		2,478		11.8	%
Total non-interest expense	$	57,878	$	54,465	$	3,413	6.3	%
Average full time equivalent staff	1,215		1,198		17		1.4	%

Non-interest expense increased $3.4 million or 6.3% to $57.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to $54.5 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. Total salaries and benefits expense increased by $0.9 million or 2.8% to $34.5 million, largely from a net increase of 17 full-time equivalent positions as well as annual merit increases effective in March, 2023. Data processing and software expenses increased by $1.8 million or 52.1% related to ongoing investments in the Company's data management and security infrastructure. The increase in professional fees of $0.6 million was directly associated with third party contract negotiation assistance, the benefits of which will be realized in future periods.

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	Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Base salaries, net of deferred loan origination costs	$	70,675	$	62,762	$	7,913	12.6	%
Incentive compensation	11,663		11,697		(34)		(0.3)	%
Benefits and other compensation costs	19,402		18,782		620		3.3	%
Total salaries and benefits expense	101,740		93,241		8,499		9.1	%
Occupancy	12,099		11,536		563		4.9	%
Data processing and software	13,916		10,558		3,358		31.8	%
Equipment	4,322		4,208		114		2.7	%
Intangible amortization	4,902		4,632		270		5.8	%
Advertising	2,656		2,445		211		8.6	%
ATM and POS network charges	5,217		4,850		367		7.6	%
Professional fees	5,326		3,281		2,045		62.3	%
Telecommunications	1,971		1,660		311		18.7	%
Regulatory assessments and insurance	3,979		2,327		1,652		71.0	%
Merger and acquisition expense	—		6,253		(6,253)		(100.0)	%
Postage	916		828		88		10.6	%
Operational losses	1,999		765		1,234		161.3	%
Courier service	1,314		1,397		(83)		(5.9)	%
Gain on sale or acquisition of foreclosed assets	(152)		(246)		94		(38.2)	%
Loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets	22		(1,069)		1,091		(102.1)	%
Other miscellaneous expense	12,688		10,510		2,178		20.7	%
Total other non-interest expense	71,175		63,935		7,240		11.3	%
Total non-interest expense	$	172,915	$	157,176	$	15,739	10.0	%
Average full-time equivalent staff	1,215		1,155		60		5.2	%

Total non-interest expense increased $15.7 million or 10.0% to $172.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to $157.2 million for the comparative period in 2022, for reasons primarily associated with the acquisition of Valley Republic Bank in March of 2022 which resulted in expense increases for nearly every identified category. Merger and acquisition expenses associated with this acquisition totaled $6.2 million for the nine-month period ended 2022. Regulatory assessments increased by $1.7 million or 71.0% as a result of increases in assessment rates and Management anticipates that these costs will increase further if the economic environment in which the Company operates continues to deteriorate. Professional fees included approximately $0.7 million in costs associated with third party assistance with contract negotiation, the benefits of which will be realized in future periods. Data processing and software expenses increased by $3.4 million or 31.8% related to ongoing investments in the Company's data management and security infrastructure. Operational losses also increased by $1.2 million or 161.3%, $0.7 million of which is the result of burglary at several ATM machines. Other miscellaneous expenses increased $2.2 million or 20.7%, due primarily to changes in regulatory requirements which resulted in an estimated $0.8 million in refunds to customers previously charged non-sufficient funds fees and an additional increase of $0.5 million in provision expense on real estate owned and various other increases across the Company, including travel and entertainment costs.

Provision for Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate was 27.3% and 26.7% for the quarter and nine-months ended September 30, 2023, respectively as compared to 28.1% for the year ended December 31, 2022. Differences between the Company's effective tax rate and applicable federal and state blended statutory rate of approximately 29.6% are due to the proportion of non-taxable revenues, non-deductible expenses, and benefits from tax credits as compared to the levels of pre-tax earnings.

Financial Condition

For financial reporting purposes, the Company does not separately track the changes in assets and liabilities based on branch location or regional geography. The following is a comparison of the quarterly change in certain assets and liabilities:

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Ending balances	September 30,		June 30,				Annualized % Change
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2023		$ Change
Total assets	$	9,897,006	$	9,853,421	$	43,585	1.8	%
Total loans	6,708,666		6,520,740		187,926		11.5
Total investments	2,333,162		2,485,378		(152,216)		(24.5)
Total deposits	8,009,643		8,095,365		(85,722)		(4.2)
Other borrowings	$	537,975	$	392,714	145,261		148.0

Loans outstanding increased by $187.9 million or 11.5% on an annualized basis during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. During the quarter, loan originations/draws totaled approximately $495.0 million while payoffs/repayments of loans totaled $308.0 million, which compares to originations/draws and payoffs/repayments during the trailing quarter ended of $456.0 million and $356.0 million, respectively. While origination volume increased from the previous quarter, activity levels continue to be lower relative to the comparative period in 2022 due in part to disciplined pricing and underwriting, as well as decreased borrower appetite at currently offered lending rates. Management continues to believe that the current loan pipeline is sufficient to support the Company's objectives. Investment security balances decreased $152.2 million or 24.5% on an annualized basis as the result of net prepayments, maturities, and purchases totaling approximating $89.7 million and net decreases in the market value of securities of $62.5 million. Management seeks to utilize excess cash flows from the investment security portfolio to support loan growth or reduce borrowings thus resulting in an improved mix of earning assets. Deposit balances decreased by $85.7 million or 4.2% annualized during the period. Net cash flow surpluses during the quarter resulted in a net increase of $145.3 million in short-term borrowings, which totaled $538.0 million as of the period ended September 30, 2023.

The following is a comparison of the year over year change in certain assets and liabilities:


Ending balances	As of September 30,						% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022		$ Change
Total assets	$	9,897,006	$	9,976,879	$	(79,873)	(0.8)	%
Total loans	6,708,666		6,314,290		394,376		6.2
Total loans, excluding PPP	6,707,530		6,312,348		395,182		6.3
Total investments	2,333,162		2,668,145		(334,983)		(12.6)
Total deposits	8,009,643		8,655,769		(646,126)		(7.5)
Total other borrowings	$	537,975	$	47,068	490,907		1,043.0	%

Non-PPP loan balances increased as a result of organic activities by approximately $395.2 million or 6.3% during the twelve-month period ending September 30, 2023. Over the same period deposit balances have declined by $646.1 million or 7.5%. The Company has offset these declines through the deployment of excess cash balances, runoff of investment security balances, and proceeds from short-term FHLB borrowings. As of September 30, 2023 and June 30, 2023, short-term borrowings from the FHLB totaled $500.0 and $394.1 million and had a weighted average interest rate of 5.14 and 5.11%, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, short-term borrowings from the FHLB totaled $216.7 million and had a weighted average interest rate of 4.65%.

Investment Securities

Investment securities available for sale decreased $278.1 million to $2.2 billion as of September 30, 2023, compared to December 31, 2022. The decrease is attributed to $243.2 million in calls and principal repayments and $44.9 million in market value depreciation.

The following table presents the available for sale debt securities portfolio by major type as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Fair Value		%		Fair Value		%
Debt securities available for sale:
Obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	1,207,172	55.5	%	$	1,372,769	56.0	%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	258,669		11.9	%	293,205		12.0	%
Corporate bonds	5,505		0.3	%	5,751		0.2	%
Asset backed securities	369,729		17.0	%	439,767		17.9	%
Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations	333,262		15.3	%	340,946		13.9	%
Total debt securities available for sale	$	2,174,337	100.0	%	$	2,452,438	100.0	%

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	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		%		Amortized Cost		%
Debt securities held to maturity:
Obligations of U.S. government and agencies	$	136,398	98.1	%	$	154,830	96.2	%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	2,660		1.9	%	6,153		3.8	%
Total debt securities held to maturity	$	139,058	100.0	%	$	160,983	100.0	%

Investment securities held to maturity decreased $21.9 million to $139.1 million as of September 30, 2023, as compared to December 31, 2022. This decrease is attributable to calls and principal repayments of $21.7 million, and amortization of net purchase premiums of $0.2 million.

Loans

The Company focuses its primary lending activities in six principal areas: commercial real estate loans, consumer loans, commercial and industrial loans, construction loans, agriculture production loans and leases. The interest rates charged for the loans made by the Company vary with the degree of risk, the size and duration of the loans, the borrower’s relationship with the Company and prevailing money market rates indicative of the Company’s cost of funds.

The majority of the Company’s loans are direct loans made to individuals, and local or regional businesses which service a variety of industries. The Company relies substantially on local promotional activity and personal contacts by bank officers, directors and employees to compete with other financial institutions. The Company makes loans to borrowers whose applications include a sound purpose, a viable repayment source and a plan of repayment established at inception and generally backed by a secondary source of repayment.

The following table shows the Company’s loan balances, net deferred loan costs and discounts, as of the dates indicated:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
Commercial real estate	$	4,367,445	65.1	%	$	4,359,083	67.6	%
Consumer	1,288,810		19.2	%	1,240,743		19.2	%
Commercial and industrial	599,757		9.0	%	569,921		8.8	%
Construction	320,963		4.8	%	211,560		3.3	%
Agriculture production	123,472		1.8	%	61,414		1.0	%
Leases	8,219		0.1	%	7,726		0.1	%
Total loans	$	6,708,666	100.0	%	$	6,450,447	100.0	%

Nonperforming Assets

The following tables set forth the amount of the Company’s NPAs as of the dates indicated. “Performing nonaccrual loans” are loans that may be current for both principal and interest payments, or are less than 90 days past due, but for which payment in full of both principal and interest is not expected, and are not well secured and in the process of collection:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Performing nonaccrual loans	$	26,605		$	19,543
Nonperforming nonaccrual loans	3,151			1,770
Total nonaccrual loans	29,756			21,313
Loans 90 days past due and still accruing	43			8
Total nonperforming loans	29,799			21,321
Foreclosed assets	2,852			3,439
Total nonperforming assets	$	32,651		$	24,760
Nonperforming assets to total assets	0.33		%	0.25		%
Nonperforming loans to total loans	0.44		%	0.33		%
Allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans	389		%	516		%

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Changes in nonperforming assets during the three months ended September 30, 2023


(in thousands)	Balance at June 30, 2023		New NPA / Valuation Adjustments		Pay-downs /Sales /Upgrades		Charge-offs/ (1) Write-downs		Transfers to Foreclosed Assets		Balance at September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	1,230	$	—	$	(125)	$	—	$	—	$	1,105
CRE owner occupied	18,871		321		(11,686)		(3,608)		—		3,898
Multifamily	110		—		(110)		—		—		—
Farmland	2,230		9,604		(127)		—		—		11,707
Total commercial real estate loans	22,441		9,925		(12,048)		(3,608)		—		16,710
Consumer
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	3,393		173		(577)		—		(105)		2,884
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	3,489		413		(744)		—		—		3,158
Other	129		64		(7)		(30)		—		156
Total consumer loans	7,011		650		(1,328)		(30)		(105)		6,198
Commercial and industrial	7,504		1,386		(4,324)		(1,616)		—		2,950
Construction	73		—		(2)		—		—		71
Agriculture production	563		3,307		—		—		—		3,870
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total nonperforming loans	37,592		15,268		(17,702)		(5,254)		(105)		29,799
Foreclosed assets	2,914		65		(126)		(106)		105		2,852
Total nonperforming assets	$	40,506	$	15,333	$	(17,828)	$	(5,360)	$	—	$	32,651

(1) The table above does not include deposit overdraft charge-offs.

Nonperforming assets decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2023 by $7.9 million or 19.4% to $32.7 million compared to $40.5 million at June 30, 2023. The decrease in nonperforming assets during the third quarter of 2023 was primarily the result of nonperforming loans added during the period totaling $15.3 million. Management is actively engaged in the collection and recovery efforts for all nonperforming assets and believes that the loan loss reserves associated with these loans is sufficient as of September 30, 2023.

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Changes in nonperforming assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2023


(in thousands)	Balance at December 31, 2022		New NPA / Valuation Adjustments		Pay-downs /Sales /Upgrades		Charge-offs/ (1) Write-downs		Transfers to Foreclosed Assets		Balance at September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	$	1,739	$	347	$	(981)	$	—	$	—	$	1,105
CRE owner occupied	4,938		15,637		(13,069)		(3,608)		—		3,898
Multifamily	125		—		(125)		—		—		—
Farmland	1,772		11,834		(1,899)		—		—		11,707
Total commercial real estate loans	8,574		27,818		(16,074)		(3,608)		—		16,710
Consumer
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	4,220		890		(2,121)		—		(105)		2,884
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	3,155		1,377		(1,331)		(43)		—		3,158
Other	76		329		(83)		(166)		—		156
Total consumer loans	7,451		2,596		(3,535)		(209)		(105)		6,198
Commercial and industrial	3,526		8,329		(5,602)		(3,303)		—		2,950
Construction	491		—		(420)		—		—		71
Agriculture production	1,279		3,340		(749)		—		—		3,870
Leases	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total nonperforming loans	21,321		42,083		(26,380)		(7,120)		(105)		29,799
Foreclosed assets	3,439		65		(126)		(631)		105		2,852
Total nonperforming assets	$	24,760	$	42,148	$	(26,506)	$	(7,751)	$	—	$	32,651

(1) The table above does not include deposit overdraft charge-offs.

Nonperforming assets increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 by $7.9 million or 31.9% to $32.7 million compared to $24.8 million at December 31, 2022. The increase in nonperforming assets during the nine months ended 2023 was primarily the result of nonperforming loans added during the period totaling $42.1 million, partially offset by loan pay-downs/upgrades, which totaled $26.4 million during the nine month period and charge-offs of $7.1 million.

The Components of the Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans

The following table sets forth the allowance for credit losses for loans as of the dates indicated:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Allowance for credit losses:
Qualitative and forecast factor allowance	$	80,923		$	70,777		$	67,825
Cohort model allowance reserves	33,325			32,489			31,844
Allowance for individually evaluated loans	1,564			2,414			1,819

Total allowance for credit losses	$	115,812		$	105,680		$	101,488
Allowance for credit losses for loans / total loans	1.73		%	1.64		%	1.61		%

For additional information regarding the allowance for loan losses, including changes in specific, formula, and environmental factors allowance categories, see “Asset Quality and Loan Loss Provisioning” at “Results of Operations”, above. Based on the current conditions of the loan portfolio, management believes that the $115.8 million allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2023 is adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the Bank’s loan portfolio. No assurance can be given, however, that adverse economic conditions or other circumstances will not result in increased losses in the portfolio.

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The following table summarizes the allocation of the allowance for credit losses between loan types and by percentage of the total allowance for credit losses on loans as of the dates indicated:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022			September 30, 2022
Commercial real estate	$	66,675	57.6	%	61,381	58.1	%	$	58,640	57.8	%
Consumer	26,618		23.0	%	24,639	23.3	%	23,932		23.6	%
Commercial and industrial	12,290		10.6	%	13,597	12.9	%	10,400		10.2	%
Construction	8,097		7.0	%	5,142	4.8	%	6,132		6.0	%
Agriculture production	2,125		1.8	%	906	0.8	%	2,368		2.3	%
Leases	7		—	%	15	0.1	%	16		0.1	%
Total allowance for credit losses	$	115,812	100.0	%	105,680	100.0	%	$	101,488	100.0	%

The following table summarizes the allocation of the allowance for credit losses as a percentage of the total loans for each loan category as of the dates indicated:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		September 30, 2022
Commercial real estate	1.53	%	1.41	%		1.38	%
Consumer	2.07	%	1.99	%		1.97	%
Commercial and industrial	2.05	%	2.39	%		1.94	%
Construction	2.52	%	2.43	%		2.52	%
Agriculture production	1.72	%	1.48	%		3.31	%
Leases	0.90	%	0.19	%		0.20	%
Total loans	1.73	%	1.64	%		1.61	%

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The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2023			2022			2023			2022
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance at beginning of period	$	117,329		$	97,944		$	105,680		$	85,376
ACL on PCD loans	—			—			—			2,037
Provision for loan losses	3,120			3,500			16,415			13,645
Loans charged-off:
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	—			—			—			—
CRE owner occupied	(3,608)			—			(3,608)			—
Multifamily	—			—			—			—
Farmland	—			—			—			(294)
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	—			—			—			—
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	—			—			(42)			—
Other	(133)			(185)			(438)			(470)
Commercial and industrial	(1,616)			(82)			(3,303)			(647)
Construction	—			—			—			—
Agriculture production	—			—			—			—
Leases	—			—			—			—
Total loans charged-off	(5,357)			(267)			(7,391)			(1,411)
Recoveries of previously charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate:
CRE non-owner occupied	—			1			—			1
CRE owner occupied	—			1			1			2
Multifamily	—			—			—			—
Farmland	—			—			—			—
Consumer:
SFR 1-4 1st DT liens	262			38			262			79
SFR HELOCs and junior liens	314			98			416			426
Other	52			53			129			200
Commercial and industrial	91			119			267			1,130
Construction	—			—			—			—
Agriculture production	1			1			33			3
Leases	—			—			—			—
Total recoveries of previously charged-off loans	720			311			1,108			1,841
Net (charge-offs) recoveries	(4,637)			44			(6,283)			430
Balance at end of period	$	115,812		$	101,488		$	115,812		$	101,488
Average total loans	$	6,597,400		$	6,171,042		$	6,493,585		$	5,700,342
Ratios (annualized):
Net (charge-offs) recoveries during period to average loans outstanding during period	(0.28)		%	—		%	(0.13)		%	0.01		%
Provision for credit losses to average loans outstanding during period	0.19		%	0.23		%	0.34		%	0.32		%

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Foreclosed Assets, Net of Allowance for Losses

The following table details the components and summarize the activity in foreclosed assets, net of allowances for losses, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:


(in thousands)	Balance at December 31, 2022		Sales		Valuation Adjustments		Transfers from Loans		Balance at September 30, 2023
Land & construction	$	155	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	155
Residential real estate	1,709		(127)		(14)		105		1,673
Commercial real estate	1,575		—		(551)		—		1,024
Total foreclosed assets	$	3,439	$	(127)	$	(565)	$	105	$	2,852

Deposits

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company’s deposits decreased by $319.0 million to $8.0 billion at quarter end. There were no brokered deposits included in the deposit balances as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The following table sets forth the estimated deposits exceeding the FDIC insurance limit (excluding collateralized municipal deposits and intercompany balances) as of the dates indicated:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Estimated uninsured deposit balances	$	2,406,552	$	2,701,000

The following table indicates the contractual maturity schedule of the Company's uninsured time deposits in excess of $250,000 as of the dates indicated:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2023
Three months or less	$	24,055
Over three through six months	28,961
Over six months through twelve months	17,668
Over twelve months	8,547
	$	79,231

Non-interest bearing deposits represent 35.7% and 42.0% of total deposits outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements at Item 1 of Part I of this report for information about the Company’s commitments and contingencies including off-balance-sheet arrangements.

Capital Resources

The current and projected capital position of the Company and the impact of capital plans and long-term strategies are reviewed regularly by Management.

On February 25, 2021 the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock (the 2021 Repurchase Plan), which approximated 6.7% of the shares outstanding as of the approval date. The actual timing of any share repurchases will be determined by the Company's management and therefore the total value of the shares to be purchased under the 2021 Repurchase Plan is subject to change. The Company may repurchase its outstanding shares of common stock from time to time in open market or privately-negotiated transactions, including block trades, or pursuant to 10b5-1 trading plans. The 2021 Repurchase Plan has no expiration date (in accordance with applicable laws and regulations).

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased zero and 150,000 shares with market values of $0 and $6,974,000, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 45,132 and 571,881 shares with market values of $2,059,000 and $23,809,000, respectively.

Total shareholders' equity decreased by $22.4 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, as a result of accumulated other comprehensive losses increasing by $44.0 million and cash dividend payments on common stock of approximately $10.0 million, offset by net income of $30.6 million. As a result, the Company’s book value was $32.18 per share at September 30, 2023, as compared to $32.86 and $29.71 at December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, respectively. The Company’s tangible book value per share, a non-GAAP measure, calculated by subtracting goodwill and other intangible assets from total shareholders’ equity and dividing that sum by total shares outstanding, was $22.67 per share at September 30, 2023, as compared to $23.30 and $19.92 at December 31, 2022, and September 30,

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2022, respectively. As noted above, despite the consistent retention of earnings in each quarter of the Company's history, recent changes in the balance of unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities, net of deferred taxes, has been the primary driver of decreases in tangible book value per share.

Trailing Quarter Balance Sheet Change


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Ratio		Minimum Regulatory Requirement		Ratio		Minimum Regulatory Requirement
Total risk based capital	14.5	%	10.5	%	14.2	%	10.5	%
Tier I capital	12.7	%	8.5	%	12.4	%	8.5	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital	12.0	%	7.0	%	11.7	%	7.0	%
Leverage	10.6	%	4.0	%	10.1	%	4.0	%

See Note 10 and Note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements at Item 1 of Part I of this report for additional information about the Company’s capital resources.

As of September 30, 2023, we had an effective shelf registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission that allows us to issue various types of debt securities, as well as common stock, preferred stock, warrants, depository shares representing fractional interest in shares of preferred stock, purchase contracts and units from time to time in one or more offerings. Each issuance under the shelf registration statement will require the filing of a prospectus supplement identifying the amount and terms of the securities to be issued. The registration statement does not limit the amount of securities that may be issued thereunder. Our ability to issue securities is subject to market conditions and other factors including, in the case of our debt securities, our credit ratings and compliance with current and prospective covenants in credit agreements.

Liquidity

The Company's primary sources of liquidity include the following for the periods indicated:


(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Borrowing capacity at correspondent banks and FRB	$	2,927,065	$	2,847,052	$	2,720,468
Less: borrowings outstanding	(500,000)		(350,000)		—
Unpledged available-for-sale (AFS) investment securities	1,702,265		1,813,894		2,040,802
Cash held or in transit with FRB	72,049		79,530		199,994
Total primary liquidity	$	4,201,379	$	4,390,476	$	4,961,264

At September 30, 2023, the Company's primary sources of liquidity represented 52.5% of total deposits and 175% of estimated total uninsured (excluding collateralized municipal deposits and intercompany balances) deposits, respectively. As secondary sources of liquidity, the Company's held-to-maturity investment securities had a fair value of $124.0 million, including approximately $15.0 million in net unrealized losses. The Company did not utilize any brokered deposits during 2023 or 2022.

Subsequent to June 30, 2022, the Company has generally not purchased or sold any investment securities but rather, utilized the normal and expected proceeds from principal repayments and maturities to fund net loan growth. Any surplus or shortfall in cash flows from investment securities as compared to net changes in loans and deposits have been augmented by the repayment or draws of other borrowings from the Company's available credit facilities. The Company anticipates that principal cash flows from the investment security portfolio will approximate at least $60.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2023 . However, looking forward, the Company anticipates that principal cash flows from the securities portfolio for the year ending December 31, 2024 will approximate not less than $300.0 million or $75.0 million per quarter based on a static rate environment and limited, if any, changes in prepayment speeds.

The Company’s profitability during the first nine months of 2023 generated cash flows from operations of $102.4 million compared to $108.0 million during the first nine months of 2022. Net cash used by investing activities was $13.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to net cash used by investing activities of $648.5 million during the nine months ending 2022. Financing activities used $84.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to providing $18.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 deposit balance decreases of $319.4 million was the largest detractor of funding, which attributed to the increase in other borrowings of $273.4 million during the same period.

The changes in contractual obligations of the Company and Bank, to include but not limited to term subordinated debt, operating leases, deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plans as well as off-balance sheet commitments such as unfunded loans and letters of credit. These contractual obligations are otherwise consistent with similar balances or totals as of December 31, 2022. However, management notes that the VRB - 6% Subordinated Debt issuance has a fixed rate of 6.0% through March 29, 2024, then indexed to the three-month SOFR plus 3.8% through the maturity date. The VRB - 5% Subordinated Debt issuance is fixed at 5.0% through August 27, 2025, then indexed to the three-month SOFR plus 4.9% through the maturity date.

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The Company is dependent upon the payment of cash dividends by the Bank to service its commitments, which have historically included dividends to shareholders, scheduled debt service payments, and general operations. Shareholder dividends are expected to continue subject to the Board’s discretion and management's continuing evaluation of capital levels, earnings, asset quality and other factors. The Company expects that the cash dividends paid by the Bank to the Company will be sufficient to cover the Company's cash flow needs. However, the Company and its ability to generate liquidity through either the issuance of stock or debt, also serves as a potential source of strength for the Bank. Dividends paid by the Company to holders of its common stock used $29.9 million and $25.8 million of cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company’s liquidity is dependent on dividends received from the Bank. Dividends from the Bank are subject to certain regulatory restrictions.

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TRICO BANCSHARES—NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

(Unaudited. Dollars in thousands)

In addition to results presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP), this filing contains certain non-GAAP financial measures. Management has presented these non-GAAP financial measures in this filing because it believes that they provide useful and comparative information to assess trends in the Company's core operations reflected in the current quarter's results, and facilitate the comparison of our performance with the performance of our peers. However, these non-GAAP financial measures are supplemental and are not a substitute for any analysis based on GAAP. Where applicable, comparable earnings information using GAAP financial measures is also presented. Because not all companies use the same calculations, our presentation may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures as calculated by other companies. For a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures, see the tables below:


	Three months ended						Nine months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Net interest margin
Acquired loans discount accretion, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$1,324		$1,471		$714		$4,192		$3,714
Effect on average loan yield	0.08	%	0.09	%	0.05	%	0.09	%	0.09	%
Effect on net interest margin (FTE)	0.06	%	0.07	%	0.03	%	0.06	%	0.06	%
Net interest margin (FTE)	3.88	%	3.96	%	4.02	%	4.01	%	3.71	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion (Non-GAAP)	3.82	%	3.89	%	3.99	%	3.95	%	3.65	%
PPP loans yield, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$2		$4		$313		$11		$2,374
Effect on net interest margin (FTE)	—	%	—	%	0.01	%	—	%	0.02	%
Net interest margin less effect of PPP loan yield (Non-GAAP)	3.88	%	3.96	%	4.02	%	4.01	%	3.69	%
Acquired loan discount accretion and PPP loan yield, net:
Amount (included in interest income)	$1,326		$1,475		$1,027		$4,203		$6,088
Effect on net interest margin (FTE)	0.06	%	0.07	%	0.04	%	0.06	%	0.08	%
Net interest margin less effect of acquired loan discount accretion and PPP yields, net (Non-GAAP)	3.82	%	3.89	%	3.98	%	3.95	%	3.63	%


	Three months ended						Nine months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Pre-tax pre-provision return on average assets or equity
Net income (GAAP)	$30,590		$24,892		$37,338		$91,315		$89,076
Exclude provision for income taxes	11,484		8,557		14,148		33,190		33,765
Exclude provision for credit losses	4,155		9,650		3,795		18,000		14,225
Net income before income tax and provision expense (Non-GAAP)	$46,229		$43,099		$55,281		$142,505		$137,066

Average assets (GAAP)	$9,874,240		$9,848,191		$10,131,118		$9,867,099		$9,682,198
Average equity (GAAP)	$1,112,404		$1,112,223		$1,074,776		$1,104,122		$1,058,938

Return on average assets (GAAP) (annualized)	1.23	%	1.01	%	1.46	%	1.24	%	1.23	%
Pre-tax pre-provision return on average assets (Non-GAAP) (annualized)	1.86	%	1.76	%	2.16	%	1.93	%	1.89	%
Return on average equity (GAAP) (annualized)	10.91	%	8.98	%	13.78	%	11.06	%	11.25	%
Pre-tax pre-provision return on average equity (Non-GAAP) (annualized)	16.49	%	15.54	%	20.41	%	17.26	%	17.31	%

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	Three months ended						Nine months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Return on tangible common equity
Average total shareholders' equity	$1,112,404		$1,112,223		$1,074,776		$1,104,122		$1,058,938
Exclude average goodwill	304,442		304,442		307,942		304,442		281,151
Exclude average other intangibles	12,563		14,716		19,433		14,219		17,717
Average tangible common equity (Non-GAAP)	$795,399		$793,065		$747,401		$785,461		$760,070

Net income (GAAP)	$30,590		$24,892		$37,338		$91,315		$89,076
Exclude amortization of intangible assets, net of tax effect	1,120		1,166		1,199		3,453		3,263
Tangible net income available to common shareholders (Non-GAAP)	$31,710		$26,058		$38,537		$94,768		$92,339

Return on average equity	10.91	%	8.98	%	13.78	%	11.06	%	11.25	%
Return on average tangible common equity (Non-GAAP)	15.82	%	13.18	%	20.46	%	16.13	%	16.24	%


	Three months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		September 30, 2022
Tangible shareholders' equity to tangible assets
Shareholders' equity (GAAP)	$1,070,402		$1,092,781		$1,090,245		$1,046,416		$990,338
Exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net	316,210		317,800		319,456		321,112		326,314
Tangible shareholders' equity (Non-GAAP)	$754,192		$774,981		$770,789		$725,304		$664,024

Total assets (GAAP)	$9,897,006		$9,853,421		$9,842,394		$9,930,986		$9,976,879
Exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net	316,210		317,800		319,456		321,112		326,314
Total tangible assets (Non-GAAP)	$9,580,796		$9,535,621		$9,522,938		$9,609,874		$9,650,565

Shareholders' equity to total assets (GAAP)	10.82	%	11.09	%	11.08	%	10.54	%	9.93	%
Tangible shareholders' equity to tangible assets (Non-GAAP)	7.87	%	8.13	%	8.09	%	7.55	%	6.88	%


	Three months ended
(dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2023	June 30, 2023	March 31, 2023	December 31, 2022	September 30, 2022
Tangible common shareholders' equity per share
Tangible shareholders' equity (Non-GAAP)	$754,192	$774,981	$770,789	$725,304	$664,024


Common shares outstanding at end of period	33,263,324	33,259,260	33,195,250	33,331,513	33,332,189

Common shareholders' equity (book value) per share (GAAP)	$32.18	$32.86	$32.84	$31.39	$29.71
Tangible common shareholders' equity (tangible book value) per share (Non-GAAP)	$22.67	$23.30	$23.22	$21.76	$19.92

*****************

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Based on the changes in interest rates occurring subsequent to December 31, 2022, the following update of the Company’s assessment of market risk as of September 30, 2023 is being provided. These updates and changes should be read in conjunction with the additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, market interest rates, including many rates that serve as reference indices for variable rate loans and investment securities continued to increase. As noted above, these rate increases have continued to benefit growth in total interest income. As of September 30, 2023, the Company's loan portfolio consisted of approximately $6.6 billion in outstanding principal with a weighted average coupon rate of 5.3%. During the three-month periods ending September 30, 2023, June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the weighted average coupon on loan production in the quarter was 7.3%, 6.9%, and 6.1%, respectively. Included in the September 30, 2023 loan total are adjustable rate loans totaling $3.5 billion, of which, $933.0 million are considered floating based on the Wall Street Prime index. In addition, the Company holds certain investment securities totaling $368.9 million which are subject to repricing on not less than a quarterly basis.

As of September 30, 2023, non-interest bearing deposits represented 35.7% of total deposits. Further, during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, the cost of interest bearing deposits were 1.36% and the cost of total deposits were 0.86%. With the intent of stabilizing or increasing net interest income, management intends to continue to deploy its excess liquidity and seek to migrate certain earning assets into higher yielding categories (from investment securities and into loans, for example). However, in situations where deposit balances contract, management relies upon various borrowing facilities or the use of brokered deposits. Through the first half of 2023 and during the entire 2022 year, management did not utilize any brokered deposits. Management did however utilize borrowing lines from the FHLB and expects that such borrowings will be needed through the remainder of 2023 and into 2024. As the rate paid on these borrowed funds are correlated with short-term interest rates, the costs associated with these borrowings, particularly in a rising rate environment, are also expected to increase.

As of September 30, 2023 the overnight Federal funds rate, the rate primarily used in these interest rate shock scenarios, was 5.3%. These scenarios assume that 1) interest rates increase or decrease evenly (in a “ramp” fashion) over a twelve-month period and remain at the new levels beyond twelve months or 2) that interest rates change instantaneously (“shock”). The simulation results shown below assume no significant changes in the structure of the Company’s balance sheet over the twelve months being measured.

The following table summarizes the estimated effect on net interest income and market value of equity to changing interest rates as measured against a flat rate (no interest rate change) instantaneous parallel shock scenario over a twelve month period utilizing a interest sensitivity (GAP) analysis based on the Company's specific mix of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities as of September 30, 2023.

Interest Rate Risk Simulations:


Change in Interest Rates (Basis Points)	Estimated Change in Net Interest Income (NII) (as % of NII)		Estimated Change in Market Value of Equity (MVE) (as % of MVE)
+300 (shock)	(6.8)	%	(9.8)	%
+200 (shock)	(4.9)	%	(7.0)	%
+100 (shock)	(2.3)	%	(2.7)	%
+ 0 (flat)	—		—
-100 (shock)	(0.1)	%	(0.9)	%
-200 (shock)	(0.6)	%	(4.2)	%
-300 (shock)	(0.9)	%	(11.6)	%

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2023. Disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis. Disclosure controls are also designed to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2023.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, there were no changes in our internal controls or in other factors that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 - Legal Proceedings

Due to the nature of our business, we are involved in legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. On an on-going basis, after consulting with legal counsel, we assess the Company’s liabilities and contingencies in connection with such proceedings. While the outcome of these matters is currently not determinable, except with respect to litigation regarding the cybersecurity event discussed in Item 1A – Risk Factors below, we do not expect that the ultimate costs to resolve these matters in excess of amounts already accrued will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Item 1A - Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations. The following risk factors represents a material update and addition to the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and/or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarters Ended March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2023.

Adverse developments affecting the financial services industry, such as recent bank failures or concerns involving liquidity, may have a material effect on the Company’s operations, earnings and financial condition.

During the first half of 2023, the financial services industry was negatively affected by several bank failures. These events caused general uncertainty and concern regarding the adequacy of liquidity within the banking sector as a whole and decreased confidence in banks among depositors and investors. Although we were not directly affected by these bank failures, the resulting speed and ease in which news or rumors, including social media commentary, led depositors to withdraw or attempt to withdraw their funds from these and other financial institutions caused the stock prices of many financial institutions to become volatile, in particular regional, as well as community banks like the Company. As a result of these recent events, customers may choose to maintain deposits with larger financial institutions or in other higher yielding alternatives, which could materially adversely impact the Company’s liquidity, loan funding capacity, net interest margin, capital and results of operations.

In response to these failures and the resulting market reaction, the Secretary of the Treasury approved actions enabling the FDIC to complete its resolutions of the failed banks in a manner that fully protects depositors by utilizing the Deposit Insurance Fund, including the use of bridge banks to assume all of the deposit obligations of the failed banks, while leaving unsecured lenders and equity holders of such institutions exposed to losses. In addition, in an effort to strengthen public confidence in the banking system and to protect depositors, the Federal Reserve Board announced it would make available additional funding to eligible depository institutions under a Bank Term Funding Program to help assure banks have the liquidity to meet the needs of all their depositors. Regulators announced that any losses to the Deposit Insurance Fund resulting from the recent failures will be recovered by a special assessment on banks, as required by law, which is expected to increase the cost of our FDIC insurance assessments. However, it is uncertain whether these steps by the government will be sufficient to calm the financial markets, reduce the risk of significant depositor withdrawals at other institutions and thereby reduce the risk of additional bank failures. As a result of this uncertainty, we face the potential for reputational risk, deposit outflows, increased costs and competition for liquidity, and increased credit risk which, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Banking regulators have signaled further review of regulatory requirements and the potential for changes to laws or regulations governing banks and bank holding companies. Changes resulting from these events could include increased regulatory focus on deposit composition, the level of uninsured deposits, the level of unrealized losses in either available for sale or held to maturity securities portfolios, contingent liquidity, CRE loan composition and concentration, capital requirements and general oversight or supervisory or internal control structures regarding the foregoing. Changes in regulatory requirements could impact our ability to achieve our strategic objectives and may result in changes to our balance sheet position or business which could, in turn, negatively impact our profitability.

If we are required to sell securities to meet liquidity needs, we could realize significant losses.

As a result of increases in interest rates over the last several years, the market values of previously issued government and other debt securities have declined in value, resulting in unrealized losses in our securities portfolio. While we anticipate that the scheduled cash flows generated from our investment portfolio, as well as our ability to borrow, will be adequate to support the liquidity needs of the Company, if we were required to sell these securities to meet liquidity needs, we may incur significant losses, which could impair our capital and financial condition and adversely affect our results of operations. Further, while we have taken actions to maximize our sources of liquidity, there is no guarantee that such sources will be available or sufficient in the event of sudden liquidity needs.

The following risk factor updates and supplements the risk factor regarding cyberattacks appearing on page 18 of the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2023 and supplemented on beginning on pages 57 and 66 of the Company's Form 10-Qs filed with the SEC on May 10, 2023 and August 7, 2023, respectively.

We were subject to a cyberattack, which could damage our reputation, result in the disclosure of confidential information, or create additional financial and legal exposure.

As initially disclosed in the Current Report 8-K filed by us on February 14, 2023, the Bank experienced a cybersecurity incident. After detecting unusual network activity, management shut down networked systems by taking them offline, which prevented access to internal

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systems, data and telephones for a limited period of time. Upon discovering the incident, the Bank immediately launched an investigation. A digital forensics firm was engaged to help determine the scope of the incident and identify potentially impacted data. We received a demand for ransom from a party claiming responsibility for the incident and the Bank promptly notified law enforcement and banking regulators. The Bank's core banking systems, including those that facilitate loan or deposit related transactions, were not affected by this incident as evidenced by the Bank’s general ability to resume customer facing operations within two days. However, the Bank’s internal system/server access as well as communication capabilities, including e-mail correspondence and telephones, required approximately one week of time for the restoration process to be completed in a safe and secure environment. The Company was able to restore its systems without paying ransom.

The Bank determined that its internal computer network had been infected with malware which prevented access to certain files on the network. Through its investigation, the Bank determined that, between February 7, 2023, and February 8, 2023, an unauthorized actor had access to certain systems that stored certain sensitive information. Following an extensive review of the potentially impacted data, which was completed on October 9, 2023, the Bank determined certain types of personal information related to certain customers, customer employees, individuals associated with customers, former and current Bank employees and their dependents, and others may have been impacted by this incident. While the information impacted varied by individual, the types of information that could have been impacted include, among others, name, Social Security number, driver’s license number, state identification number, financial account information, medical information, health insurance information, date of birth, passport number, digital/electronic signature, tax identification number, access credentials, and mother’s maiden name. All potentially impacted individuals will be notified in accordance with applicable laws and the Bank is offering potentially impacted individuals credit restoration services through Experian and 24 months of Experian IdentityWorks credit monitoring services at no cost. The Bank issued a press release regarding this event, posted notice of this event on its website and has or will notify regulatory authorities in accordance with applicable laws.

While we continue to evaluate the full impact of this incident, including number of those impacted, we remain subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including legal, reputational, and financial risks, the results of our ongoing investigation of this incident, any potential regulatory inquiries and/or litigation to which we are or may become subject in connection with this incident, and the extent of remediation and other additional costs that may be incurred by us. The future effects of such risks and uncertainties from this incident are unknown and could be material. In October 2023, a former bank employee purporting to represent a class of similarly situated persons filed a lawsuit related to this incident in the California Superior Court for the County of Contra Costa seeking damages, injunctive relief, and equitable relief. At this early stage in the proceedings, we are not able to determine the probability of the outcome of this matter or a range of reasonably expected losses, if any.

While the Company has insurance coverage, including cybersecurity insurance, the amount of coverage maintained may not cover all losses related to this incident and any related litigation. We anticipate that we will incur additional expenses related to this incident in future periods. Given the uncertainties about the impact of the incident and the inherent uncertainties involved in litigation, contractual obligations, government investigations and regulatory enforcement decisions, the outcomes from these risks and uncertainties, which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business and/or financial condition. In addition, litigation, regulatory interventions, and media reports of perceived security vulnerabilities and any resulting damage to our reputation or loss of confidence in the security of our systems could adversely affect our business. As cyber threats and the sophistication of threat actors continue to evolve, we plan to continue enhancing our protective measures and will expend resources to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities or incidents.

Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table shows the repurchases made by the Company or any affiliated purchaser (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act) during the periods indicated:


Period	(a) Total number of shares purchased (1)	(b) Average price paid per share		(c) Total number of shares purchased as of part of publicly announced plans or programs	(d) Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs at period end (2)
July 1, 2023 - September 30, 2023	—	—		—	1,209,802
Total	—	$	—	—

(1)Includes shares purchased by the Company’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan in open market purchases and shares tendered by employees pursuant to various other equity incentive plans. See Notes 10 and 11 to the condensed consolidated financial statements at Item 1 of Part I of this report, for a discussion of the Company’s stock repurchased under equity compensation plans.

(2)Does not include shares that may be purchased by the Company’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan and pursuant to various other equity incentive plans. See Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements at Item 1 of Part I of this report, for a discussion of the Company’s stock repurchase plan.

Item 5 - Other Information

(1)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6 – Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit No.						Exhibit

31.1						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of CEO

31.2						Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of CFO

32.1						Section 1350 Certification of CEO

32.2						Section 1350 Certification of CFO

101.INS						XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


			TRICO BANCSHARES
			(Registrant)

Date: November 8, 2023			/s/ Peter G. Wiese
			Peter G. Wiese
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Duly authorized officer and principal financial and chief accounting officer)

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TriCo Bancshares (TCBK) 10-Q2023 Q3 Quarterly report

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